to_o suffer_v whatever_o thy_o divine_a justice_n shall_v be_v please_v to_o ordain_v he_o have_v scarce_o conclude_v this_o prayer_n before_o the_o sky_n be_v all_o overcast_v with_o cloud_n and_o pour_v down_o rain_n in_o such_o abundance_n that_o it_o suffice_v to_o water_n â—…ll_v the_o territory_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o pristine_a fertility_n from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o chineses_n make_v any_o scruple_n about_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o incarnation_n we_o endeavour_v to_o convince_v they_o by_o this_o example_n tell_v they_o that_o this_o king_n cover_v himself_o with_o the_o skin_n of_o a_o lamb_n and_o offer_v himself_o a_o sacrifice_n to_o obtain_v pardon_n for_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o people_n yet_o thereby_o do_v nothing_o lessen_v the_o lustre_n of_o his_o dignity_n so_o likewise_o though_o god_n be_v please_v to_o clothe_v himself_o with_o the_o homely_a cover_v of_o our_o humanity_n and_o be_v offer_v up_o as_o a_o lamb_n in_o sacrifice_n for_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o people_n he_o have_v no_o way_n lessen_v but_o rather_o exalt_v his_o almighty_a power_n his_o infinite_a mercy_n and_o goodness_n and_o have_v thereby_o make_v it_o so_o much_o the_o more_o clear_o appear_v that_o he_o be_v infinite_o above_o this_o king_n who_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o man_n and_o a_o mere_a creature_n the_o chineses_n present_o submit_v to_o this_o argument_n as_o well_o because_o it_o seem_v to_o they_o to_o be_v rational_a and_o convince_v as_o also_o for_o that_o they_o be_v very_o much_o please_v to_o hear_v that_o we_o make_v use_v of_o their_o history_n and_o example_n to_o prove_v the_o verity_n of_o our_o religion_n this_o emperor_n have_v for_o one_o of_o his_o counsellor_n a_o holy_a and_o famous_a learned_a person_n who_o live_v several_a year_n hide_v up_o in_o the_o mountain_n among_o the_o wild_a beast_n because_o he_o will_v not_o submit_v to_o the_o tyrant_n kie_fw-mi the_o offspring_n also_o of_o this_o emperor_n chim_z tamburlaine_n reign_v above_o six_o hundred_o year_n till_o the_o rule_n of_o king_n cheu_n who_o be_v no_o less_o wicked_a and_o cruel_a then_o kie_fw-mi so_o that_o when_o the_o chineses_n call_v a_o prince_n a_o kie_fw-mi or_o a_o cheu_n it_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o when_o we_o call_v such_o a_o one_o a_o nero_n or_o a_o diocâ—…esian_n the_o five_o emperor_n call_v vù_n uâm_n be_v the_o son_n of_o venus_n uâm_n king_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o châ—…un_n which_o be_v now_o a_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la who_o not_o able_a to_o endure_v the_o wickedness_n and_o tyranny_n of_o king_n cheu_n set_v upon_o he_o vanquish_v he_o in_o battle_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o empire_n this_o emperor_n vù_fw-fr uâm_n have_v a_o brother_n high_o esteem_v for_o his_o prudence_n and_o other_o virtue_n who_o he_o make_v king_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lù_n now_o a_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xamn_n tumm_n and_o of_o who_o he_o make_v choice_n upon_o his_o deathbed_n to_o govern_v the_o empire_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o his_o elder_a son._n he_o it_o be_v according_a to_o the_o report_n of_o the_o chinese_n who_o above_o two_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o year_n ago_o first_o â—…ound_v out_o the_o use_n of_o the_o needle_n and_o compass_n for_o the_o emperor_n his_o nephew_n have_v receive_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o embassy_n and_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o a_o tribute_n from_o a_o country_n call_v tum_o xim_o and_o cochin_n china_n or_o kiao_n chi_fw-mi que_fw-fr and_o all_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o industry_n and_o prudent_a conduct_n of_o his_o protector_n the_o same_o governor_n present_v the_o ambassador_n with_o a_o kind_n of_o compass_n by_o the_o direction_n of_o which_o they_o may_v return_v the_o near_a way_n home_o without_o expose_v themselves_o to_o the_o toil_n and_o hardship_n of_o of_o those_o â—…ound_n about_o wind_n and_o wander_n through_o which_o they_o have_v labour_v in_o come_v to_o court._n so_o that_o this_o prince_n be_v one_o of_o the_o hero_n and_o saint_n of_o the_o chinese_n who_o have_v a_o extraordinary_a veneration_n for_o his_o memory_n now_o when_o the_o emperor_n vù_fw-fr uâm_n return_v in_o triumph_n from_o the_o battle_n wherein_o the_o tyrant_n cheu_n have_v be_v defeat_v his_o two_o brother_n pe_fw-la y_fw-fr and_o xeo_fw-la cî_fw-la famous_a for_o their_o virtue_n and_o nobility_n meet_v he_o upon_o his_o march_n and_o after_o they_o hâ—…d_v stop_v he_o by_o take_v his_o horse_n by_o the_o bridle_n they_o bold_o and_o in_o very_o sharp_a and_o severe_a language_n reprove_v he_o for_o have_v seize_v upon_o the_o empire_n and_o force_v the_o emperor_n to_o burn_v himself_o in_o his_o palace_n together_o with_o all_o his_o treasure_n that_o notwithstanding_o he_o be_v so_o vicious_a and_o so_o cruel_a yet_o he_o be_v both_o his_o lord_n and_o prince_n ordain_v by_o heaven_n that_o it_o be_v his_o duty_n to_o advise_v he_o to_o amendment_n like_o a_o good_a subject_n not_o like_o a_o traitor_n to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n and_o last_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o surrender_v the_o kingdom_n to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o decease_a prince_n to_o let_v the_o world_n see_v that_o he_o have_v not_o be_v push_v forward_o by_o any_o motive_n of_o ambition_n but_o only_o out_o of_o a_o desire_n to_o deliver_v the_o title_n from_o tyranny_n and_o oppression_n but_o when_o the_o two_o brother_n sound_v that_o he_o will_v not_o follow_v their_o counsel_n they_o retire_v to_o a_o desert_n mountain_n protest_v they_o will_v rather_o choose_v to_o die_v in_o that_o manner_n then_o eat_v of_o the_o product_n of_o those_o territory_n which_o vù_n uâm_n have_v â—…usurped_v for_o fear_v they_o shall_v be_v think_v in_o some_o measure_n to_o approve_v his_o treason_n and_o revolt_n the_o history_n of_o these_o five_o king_n which_o the_o chineses_n look_v upon_o as_o so_o many_o saint_n especial_o the_o four_o first_o and_o their_o offspring_n be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o first_o book_n which_o be_v in_o as_o great_a reputation_n among_o these_o infidel_n as_o the_o book_n of_o the_o king_n among_o we_o christian_n the_o style_n of_o it_o be_v very_o ancient_a but_o very_o exact_a and_o elegant_a vice_n be_v there_o blame_v and_o virtue_n applaud_v and_o the_o action_n of_o king_n and_o subject_n relate_v with_o a_o entire_a sincerity_n and_o to_o the_o end_n the_o more_o curious_a reader_n may_v see_v the_o energy_n and_o briefness_n of_o the_o chinese_n language_n and_o letter_n which_o be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o use_n i_o will_v here_o set_v down_o five_o word_n take_v out_o of_o the_o book_n already_o mention_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o king_n yáo_o kin_n mîm_n vén_n su_n gamn_n that_o be_v to_o say_v king_n yao_n be_v great_a and_o venerable_a he_o be_v most_o perspicacious_a and_o prudent_a he_o be_v very_o compose_v modest_a and_o courteous_a he_o appear_v always_o pensive_a and_o studious_a search_v continual_o after_o the_o best_a mean_n how_o to_o govern_v his_o people_n and_o empire_n and_o therefore_o he_o live_v all_o the_o time_n of_o his_o reign_n in_o comfort_n quiet_n and_o repose_v the_o second_o book_n be_v call_v li_n ki_n or_o the_o book_n of_o rite_n and_o ceremony_n this_o contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o law_n custom_n and_o ceremony_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n the_o principal_a author_n of_o this_o book_n be_v the_o brother_n of_o the_o emperor_n vù_fw-fr uà m_fw-la of_o who_o we_o have_v speak_v already_o he_o be_v call_v chéu_n cumm_n and_o be_v equal_o venerable_a as_o well_o for_o his_o virtue_n as_o for_o his_o prudence_n learning_n and_o good_a conduct_n this_o volume_n contain_v the_o work_n of_o several_a other_o author_n also_o the_o disciple_n of_o cum_fw-la fu_fw-la cius_fw-la and_o other_o interpreter_n more_o modern_a and_o more_o suspect_v which_o therefore_o ought_v to_o be_v read_v with_o so_o much_o the_o more_o circumspection_n there_o be_v many_o thing_n therein_o contain_v which_o be_v account_v fabulous_a the_o three_o volume_n be_v call_v xi_o kimm_n contain_v verse_n romance_n and_o poem_n all_o which_o be_v divide_v into_o five_o sort_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v call_v ya_fw-mi sum_n or_o panegyric_n and_o encomium_n sing_v in_o honour_n of_o man_n famous_a for_o their_o virtue_n or_o their_o endowment_n there_o be_v also_o several_a gnomonics_n or_o verse_n contain_v precept_n which_o be_v sing_v at_o their_o funeral_n their_o sacrifice_n the_o ceremony_n which_o the_o chineses_n perform_v in_o honour_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o at_o their_o most_o solemn_a festival_n the_o second_o be_v call_v queen_n fumm_n or_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n these_o be_v romance_n or_o poem_n choose_v out_o among_o those_o which_o be_v make_v by_o private_a person_n they_o be_v never_o sing_v but_o
five_o year_n ago_o by_o a_o certain_a prince_n who_o name_n be_v yao_n which_o last_o opinion_n be_v hold_v among_o they_o as_o a_o article_n of_o faith_n shall_v any_o chinese_n refuse_v to_o believe_v he_o will_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o heretic_n and_o as_o such_o a_o one_o be_v severe_o punish_v so_o that_o shall_v the_o preacher_n of_o the_o gospel_n but_o once_o testify_v either_o by_o write_v or_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n that_o they_o make_v a_o doubt_n of_o it_o that_o alone_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o shut_v the_o door_n upon_o our_o sacred_a religion_n and_o cause_v we_o all_o to_o be_v sentence_v to_o death_n the_o very_a bare_a suspicion_n without_o any_o foundation_n of_o a_o man_n incredulity_n in_o that_o point_n be_v a_o sufficient_a ground_n for_o banishment_n for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o the_o father_n of_o the_o mission_n have_v obtain_v leave_n from_o the_o holy_a see_v to_o stick_v to_o the_o version_n of_o the_o seventy_o approve_v by_o the_o church_n in_o the_o five_o general_n council_n as_o well_o for_o that_o the_o two_o latter_a opinion_n be_v very_o probable_a as_o to_o avoid_v the_o forementioned_a inconvenience_n and_o many_o other_o which_o may_v be_v easy_o imagine_v and_o indeed_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o kingdom_n in_o the_o world_n that_o can_v boast_v a_o train_n of_o king_n so_o ancient_a and_o so_o well_o continue_v those_o of_o the_o assyrian_n the_o persian_n the_o greek_n and_o roman_n have_v have_v their_o period_n whereas_o that_o of_o china_n continue_v still_o like_o a_o great_a river_n that_o never_o cease_v roll_v along_o the_o stream_n that_o fall_v from_o its_o first_o fountain_n this_o long_a continuance_n and_o other_o excellency_n of_o china_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v and_o of_o which_o we_o be_v to_o speak_v in_o the_o progress_n of_o this_o relation_n infuse_v into_o the_o chinese_n a_o pride_n most_o insupportable_a they_o put_v the_o high_a value_n imaginable_a upon_o their_o empire_n and_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o they_o but_o as_o for_o stranger_n they_o scorn_v they_o to_o the_o low_a pitch_n of_o contempt_n and_o all_o the_o advantage_n of_o their_o wit_n and_o learning_n though_o they_o themselves_o have_v little_a or_o no_o knowledge_n which_o be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o since_o pride_n proceed_v from_o blindness_n and_o ignorance_n in_o their_o map_n they_o allow_v a_o vast_a extent_n to_o china_n but_o represent_v all_o other_o kingdom_n round_o about_o it_o without_o any_o order_n position_n or_o any_o other_o mark_v of_o good_a geography_n small_a contract_v and_o with_o title_n ridiculous_a and_o contemptible_a as_o for_o example_n siaò_fw-la gîn_fw-la que_fw-la or_o the_o kingdom_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o which_o be_v all_o dwarf_n and_o so_o little_a that_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o tie_v themselves_o several_a in_o a_o bunch_n together_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o eâ—…gles_n and_o kite_n niù_fw-fr gîn_fw-fr que_fw-fr or_o the_o kingdom_n where_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v woman_n who_o conceive_v by_o look_v upon_o their_o shadow_n in_o a_o well_o or_o in_o a_o river_n and_o bring_v forth_o none_o but_o girl_n chuen_fw-ge sin_n que_fw-fr or_o a_o kingdom_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v all_o a_o hole_n in_o their_o breast_n into_o which_o they_o stick_v a_o piece_n of_o wood_n and_o so_o carry_v one_o another_o from_o place_n to_o place_n a_o kingdom_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v body_n like_o man_n and_o face_n like_o dog_n a_o kingdom_n where_o he_o inhabitant_n have_v such_o long_a arm_n that_o they_o reach_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n with_o many_o other_o such_o description_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n in_o short_a they_o represent_v the_o neighbour_a kingdom_n such_o as_o be_v those_o of_o the_o tartar_n the_o japanner_n of_o the_o peninsula_n of_o corea_n and_o those_o other_o that_o border_n round_o about_o upon_o china_n under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o four_o barbarous_a nation_n they_o say_v that_o beside_o china_n there_o be_v seventy_o two_o kingdom_n which_o they_o paint_v all_o very_a diminutive_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o sea_n like_v so_o many_o nutshell_n and_o their_o inhabitant_n all_o deform_a and_o monstrous_a with_o gesture_n so_o ridiculous_a or_o terrible_a that_o they_o resemble_v rather_o ape_n and_o wild_a beast_n then_o men._n of_o latter_a time_n have_v understand_v something_o of_o europe_n they_o have_v add_v it_o to_o their_o map_n as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o island_n of_o tenariff_n or_o some_o desert_n island_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o viceroy_n of_o quam_fw-la tum_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 1668_o after_o he_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o embassy_n of_o the_o portuguese_n in_o a_o memorial_n which_o he_o send_v to_o the_o emperor_n add_v these_o word_n we_o find_v very_o plain_o that_o europe_n be_v no_o more_o then_o only_o two_o little_a island_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o sea._n they_o divide_v the_o heaven_n into_o eight_o and_o twenty_o constellation_n and_o china_n into_o so_o many_o quarter_n to_o every_o one_o of_o which_o they_o allow_v one_o of_o these_o constellation_n and_o call_v they_o by_o their_o name_n not_o leave_v so_o much_o as_o one_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o give_v to_o their_o own_o most_o loâ—…ty_a and_o magnificent_a title_n but_o to_o foreign_a country_n most_o barbarous_a disagreeable_a and_o scornful_a name_n on_o purpose_n to_o exalt_v their_o own_o empire_n by_o disgrace_v all_o other_o kingdom_n at_o what_o time_n i_o reside_v with_o father_n lewis_n buglio_n in_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o sum_n chuen_fw-ge there_o be_v a_o persecution_n begin_v against_o the_o christian_a religion_n at_o the_o instigation_n of_o several_a thousand_o of_o bonze_n who_o assemble_v together_o from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o province_n and_o the_o same_o time_n accuse_v we_o in_o all_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o province_n more_o especial_o before_o the_o tribunal_n of_o crime_n which_o be_v call_v gán_n chan_o sum_o the_o precedent_n of_o which_o make_v answer_v to_o the_o petition_n of_o the_o bonze_n in_o this_o manner_n if_o these_o stranger_n remain_v in_o their_o habitation_n without_o stir_v forth_o or_o teach_v new_a invention_n chum_n que_fw-la chi_fw-mi tá_fw-la uû_fw-fr sò_fw-la pù_fw-fr yûm_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v this_o kingdom_n be_v so_o vast_a that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o contain_v both_o the_o native_n and_o the_o foreigner_n there_o be_v room_n enough_o for_o as_o many_o more_o but_o if_o they_o teach_v any_o new_a doctrine_n different_a from_o the_o sacred_a and_o true_a doctrine_n which_o we_o profess_v in_o this_o great_a empire_n or_o if_o they_o go_v about_o to_o surprise_v and_o delude_v the_o people_n let_v they_o be_v punish_v with_o every_o one_o forty_o lash_n and_o expel_v the_o province_n father_n nicholas_n longobardo_n have_v discourse_v for_o some_o time_n concern_v the_o law_n of_o god_n to_o some_o of_o the_o eunuch_n and_o with_o those_o solid_a reason_n and_o argument_n that_o it_o be_v apparent_a enough_o that_o they_o be_v inward_o convince_v they_o give_v no_o more_o than_o the_o follow_a reply_n chum_n que_fw-la chi_fw-mi uâi_fw-mi hûan_fw-mi yeù_fw-fr tao_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v what_o be_v this_o that_o we_o see_v what_o be_v this_o this_o that_o we_o hear_v be_v it_o possible_a that_o without_o the_o limit_n of_o this_o empire_n there_o shall_v be_v any_o rule_n or_o any_o path_n whereby_o to_o arrive_v at_o true_a virtue_n be_v there_o any_o other_o belief_n or_o any_o other_o law_n and_o i_o have_v many_o time_n observe_v that_o when_o i_o have_v be_v discourse_v with_o the_o learned_a concern_v the_o christian_a religion_n and_o the_o science_n of_o europe_n they_o ask_v i_o whether_o we_o have_v their_o book_n to_o which_o when_o i_o answer_v no_o they_o reply_v altogether_o surprise_v waver_v and_o scandalize_v if_o in_o europe_n you_o have_v not_o our_o book_n and_o our_o write_n what_o learning_n or_o what_o science_n can_v you_o have_v however_o these_o insidel_n deserve_v both_o to_o be_v pity_v and_o excuse_v since_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o imagine_v the_o high_a idea_n which_o not_o only_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o learned_a man_n but_o also_o the_o vulgar_a people_n have_v conceive_v of_o this_o empire_n and_o certain_o beside_o that_o our_o nature_n incline_v we_o always_o to_o put_v a_o value_n upon_o ourselves_o and_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o we_o the_o extraordinary_a grandeur_n and_o advantage_n of_o this_o kingdom_n contribute_v very_o much_o to_o puff_v up_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o chinese_n with_o foolish_a imagination_n and_o unparalleled_a pride_n note_n upon_o the_o three_o chapter_n a._n p._n 59_o the_o chronology_n of_o china_n be_v of_o extraordinary_a importance_n
by_o reason_n of_o its_o antiquity_n and_o i_o believe_v that_o neither_o the_o portuguese_n nor_o castillian_n have_v in_o all_o their_o voyage_n make_v a_o more_o considerable_a discovery_n the_o annal_n of_o the_o chaldean_n and_o egyptian_n may_v perhaps_o have_v stand_v in_o competition_n with_o those_o of_o china_n and_o perhaps_o those_o of_o the_o tyrian_n also_o and_o some_o other_o oriental_a nation_n of_o which_o josephus_n make_v mention_v but_o they_o be_v lose_v a_o long_a time_n ago_o as_o well_o as_o the_o history_n of_o berosus_n the_o chaldean_a and_o manathon_n the_o egyptian_a of_o which_o we_o have_v no_o more_o than_o only_a some_o few_o fragment_n of_o little_a or_o no_o use_n the_o greek_n and_o roman_n have_v leave_v we_o nothing_o of_o certainty_n before_o herodotus_n for_o that_o reason_n call_v the_o father_n of_o historian_n who_o nevertheless_o do_v not_o write_v till_o about_o four_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n before_o christ._n and_o if_o we_o go_v 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shall_v refuse_v to_o give_v credit_n to_o this_o chronology_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v well_o pursue_v and_o well_o circumstance_v that_o it_o be_v less_o fabulous_a than_o the_o first_o time_n of_o the_o greek_a and_o roman_a history_n and_o for_o that_o there_o be_v set_v down_o therein_o several_a eclipse_n and_o other_o astronomical_a observation_n which_o perfect_o agree_v with_o the_o computation_n of_o our_o most_o learned_a astronomer_n in_o these_o latter_a age_n as_o i_o have_v see_v in_o some_o manuscript_n write_v upon_o this_o subject_a to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o almost_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o chinese_n history_n have_v be_v write_v by_o author_n that_o live_v at_o the_o same_o time_n as_o for_o example_n the_o act_n of_o king_n yao_n be_v write_v by_o the_o secretary_n of_o xun_n his_o successor_n the_o history_n of_o xun_n and_o his_o successor_n thou_o be_v compile_v by_o author_n then_o live_v and_o be_v contain_v together_o with_o that_o of_o king_n yao_n in_o the_o two_o first_o part_n of_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o venerable_a book_n among_o the_o chinese_n call_v xu_o kin._n it_o be_v divide_v into_o six_o part_n of_o which_o the_o four_o last_o contain_v one_o part_n of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o second_o and_o three_o imperial_a family_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o doubt_n to_o be_v make_v either_o of_o the_o antiquity_n or_o truth_n of_o the_o two_o first_o part_n of_o the_o book_n xu_o kin_n see_v that_o confucius_n who_o live_v five_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n before_o christ_n so_o often_o make_v mention_n of_o it_o and_o have_v collect_v with_o great_a industry_n several_a authentic_a piece_n that_o contain_v several_a particular_n of_o the_o life_n and_o government_n of_o the_o first_o king_n another_o philosopher_n call_v lao_n kiun_n confucius_n confucius_n be_v contemporary_a as_o also_o another_o author_n more_o ancient_a than_o he_o by_o two_o hundred_o year_n who_o name_n be_v tai_n sum_o lum_n often_o 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of_o their_o first_o king_n like_v to_o that_o of_o the_o patriarch_n in_o the_o time_n of_o abraham_n thus_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o foe_n hi_o reign_v a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n xin_o nun_n his_o successor_n a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o hoam_n ti_fw-mi live_v a_o hundred_o and_o eleven_o year_n xao_n hao_v that_o succeed_v he_o a_o reign_v a_o hundred_o ti_fw-mi co_fw-la a_o hundred_o and_o five_o yao_n a_o hundred_o and_o eighteen_o xun_v his_o successor_n a_o hundred_o and_o ten_o thou_o a_o hundred_o year_n after_o who_o there_o be_v nothing_o extraordinary_a in_o the_o age_n of_o the_o emperor_n we_o find_v also_o that_o fohi_a begin_v to_o reign_v in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la the_o most_o westerly_a part_n of_o all_o china_n which_o show_v that_o either_o he_o or_o his_o father_n come_v from_o the_o west_n where_o noah_n and_o his_o child_n remain_v after_o the_o deluge_n that_o his_o kingdom_n be_v but_o of_o a_o narrow_a extent_n and_o the_o number_n of_o his_o subject_n but_o small_a so_o that_o he_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v rather_o the_o potent_a father_n of_o a_o family_n like_o abraham_n than_o a_o king_n or_o a_o emperor_n that_o he_o and_o his_o subject_n live_v upon_o herb_n and_o wild_a fruit_n drink_v the_o blood_n of_o beast_n and_o clothe_v themselves_o with_o their_o skin_n that_o his_o successor_n xin_a nun_n avent_v the_o art_n of_o tillage_n and_o many_o other_o such_o like_a circumstance_n the_o great_a part_n of_o these_o passage_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o history_n of_o china_n by_o martini_n in_o the_o chronology_n and_o preface_n of_o f._n couplet_n print_v at_o paris_n with_o thou_fw-mi work_n of_o confucius_n and_o in_o several_a part_n of_o our_o author_n chief_o in_o the_o five_o and_o six_o chapter_n it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o this_o chronology_n do_v not_o agree_v with_o the_o vulgar_a translation_n of_o the_o bible_n but_o beside_o that_o god_n have_v not_o vouchsafe_v we_o the_o holy_a scripture_n 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be_v to_o say_v that_o though_o the_o word_n of_o the_o text_n of_o that_o first_o book_n be_v cil_n niù_fw-fr those_o two_o monosyllable_n do_v not_o signify_v two_o daughter_n but_o the_o second_o daughter_n of_o the_o emperor_n yao_n which_o he_o marry_v to_o his_o successor_n for_o that_o the_o chinese_n as_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n at_o present_a never_o give_v no_o other_o name_n for_o distinction_n sake_n but_o only_o that_o of_o the_o order_n of_o their_o birth_n as_o for_o example_n the_o first_o the_o second_o the_o third_z son._n so_o that_o when_o they_o read_v that_o yao_n give_v to_o xùn_n cil_n niù_fw-fr the_o meaning_n be_v that_o the_o emperor_n give_v he_o his_o second_o daughter_n the_o letter_n cil_n be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o figure_n 2_o among_o we_o that_o emperor_n xùn_o be_v applaud_v in_o this_o book_n for_o many_o virtue_n but_o more_o especial_o for_o his_o obedience_n to_o his_o father_n and_o his_o affection_n to_o his_o brother_n who_o both_o endeavour_v to_o have_v kill_v he_o several_a time_n but_o he_o suffer_v all_o their_o cruelty_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a patience_n among_o other_o example_n of_o his_o virtue_n there_o be_v two_o philosopher_n who_o report_n how_o that_o one_o day_n his_o father_n and_o his_o brother_n who_o be_v both_o as_o wicked_a as_o he_o be_v virtuous_a command_v he_o to_o go_v down_o into_o a_o well_o to_o cleanse_v it_o immediate_o he_o obey_v but_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o at_o the_o bottom_n but_o those_o barbarian_n transport_v with_o fury_n and_o malice_n draw_v the_o ladder_n and_o throw_v down_o great_a stone_n piece_n of_o wood_n and_o what_o ever_o they_o can_v find_v next_o at_o hand_n to_o destroy_v he_o in_o the_o well_o however_o he_o get_v out_o through_o a_o passage_n which_o he_o discover_v under_o ground_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o seek_v to_o revenge_v that_o excess_n of_o fury_n and_o inhumaniâ—…y_n that_o he_o repay_v they_o with_o great_a mark_n than_o 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kingdom_n but_o the_o people_n will_v not_o permit_v he_o declare_v that_o the_o emperor_n son_n be_v a_o person_n endue_v with_o all_o virtue_n necessary_a to_o govern_v they_o well_o and_o so_o they_o put_v he_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o prince_n that_o succeed_v this_o last_o emperor_n reign_v by_o right_a of_o succession_n and_o not_o of_o election_n till_o the_o emperor_n kie_fw-mi a_o vicious_a and_o cruel_a prince_n who_o be_v the_o last_o of_o this_o same_o first_o family_n the_o four_o emperor_n call_v chim_z tam_fw-la be_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o second_o royal_a family_n his_o eminent_a virtue_n have_v oblige_v the_o precede_a emperor_n to_o make_v he_o king_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o po_n which_o be_v at_o present_a comprehend_v within_o the_o province_n of_o hô_o nan_n he_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o emperor_n kie_fw-mi and_o after_o he_o have_v deliver_v the_o people_n from_o so_o cruel_a a_o tyrant_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o 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only_o rehearse_v before_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o minister_n of_o state._n therein_o be_v describe_v without_o any_o dissimulation_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o people_n how_o the_o empire_n be_v govern_v and_o the_o present_a state_n of_o affair_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o the_o ancient_a comedy_n of_o the_o greek_n that_o spare_v neither_o the_o vice_n of_o private_a man_n nor_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o the_o public_a magistrate_n the_o three_o sort_n be_v call_v pi_n que_fw-fr that_o be_v to_o say_v comparison_n for_o that_o all_o which_o be_v therein_o contain_v be_v explain_v by_o comâ—…arisons_n or_o similitude_n the_o four_o sort_n be_v call_v he_o que_fw-fr that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o raise_v or_o exalt_v because_o this_o sort_n of_o poetry_n begin_v with_o something_o that_o be_v curious_a and_o lofty_a to_o prepare_v and_o raise_v attention_n to_o that_o which_o follow_v the_o five_o sort_n be_v call_v you_o xi_o that_o be_v to_o say_v poesy_n reject_v or_o separate_v â—…ecause_n that_o cum_fw-la fu_fw-la cius_fw-la have_v review_v this_o volume_n of_o poem_n reject_v those_o which_o he_o either_o mislike_v or_o think_v to_o be_v fabulous_a however_o they_o be_v still_o quote_v and_o left_a as_o they_o be_v the_o four_o volume_n be_v compose_v by_o cum_fw-la fu_fw-la cius_fw-la and_o contain_v the_o history_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o lù_n his_o native_a country_n at_o present_a comprehend_v within_o the_o province_n of_o xan_n â—…um_fw-la the_o chineses_n put_v a_o high_a value_n upon_o this_o book_n and_o be_v all_o in_o ecstasy_n when_o they_o read_v it_o he_o write_v this_o history_n of_o two_o hundred_o year_n transaction_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o annal_n where_o he_o expose_v as_o in_o a_o mirror_n the_o example_n of_o prince_n both_o virtuous_a and_o wicked_a refer_v the_o â—…ents_n to_o the_o time_n and_o season_n wherein_o they_o happen_v and_o therefore_o he_o give_v to_o his_o book_n the_o title_n of_o chun_n cieâ—…_n or_o spring_n and_o autumn_n the_o five_o volume_n be_v call_v you_o kim_v and_o be_v esteem_v the_o most_o ancient_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n because_o the_o chineses_n affirm_v that_o foe_n hi_o their_o first_o king_n be_v the_o author_n of_o it_o and_o indeed_o this_o book_n be_v worthy_a to_o be_v read_v and_o esteem_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o noble_a sentence_n and_o precept_n of_o morality_n which_o it_o contain_v i_o believe_v true_o that_o the_o good_a maxim_n which_o be_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o in_o this_o volume_n may_v be_v write_v by_o king_n foyes_n hi_o but_o that_o the_o rest_n be_v add_v by_o other_o who_o be_v desirous_a to_o give_v reputation_n to_o their_o vision_n under_o the_o name_n of_o this_o famous_a prince_n nevertheless_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o chineses_n have_v a_o extraordinary_a veneration_n for_o this_o book_n and_o look_v upon_o it_o to_o be_v the_o most_o profound_a the_o most_o learned_a and_o mysterious_a of_o any_o in_o the_o world_n and_o that_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n they_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v almost_o impossible_a for_o they_o to_o understand_v it_o and_o that_o stranger_n ought_v neither_o to_o see_v or_o touch_v it_o the_o chineses_n have_v also_o another_o volume_n of_o equal_a authority_n with_o those_o beforementioned_a which_o they_o call_v sù_n xu_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o four_o book_n by_o way_n of_o excellency_n this_o be_v a_o volume_n of_o extract_n or_o abridgement_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o very_a marrow_n and_o quintessence_n of_o the_o former_a five_o the_o mandarinsâ—…ull_a â—…ull_z out_o from_o thence_o the_o sentence_n and_o text_n which_o they_o propose_v for_o theme_n to_o the_o learned_a that_o be_v to_o be_v examine_v before_o they_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o degree_n of_o bachelor_n licentiate_n and_o doctor_n and_o upon_o which_o those_o person_n write_v and_o comment_n for_o their_o reputation_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n the_o first_o treat_v 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bold_a and_o persuasive_a all_o the_o missionary_n of_o our_o society_n in_o these_o part_n very_o industrious_o study_v the_o letter_n and_o the_o language_n of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o this_o book_n and_o from_o thence_o and_o out_o of_o the_o former_a five_o it_o be_v that_o so_o many_o treatise_n and_o commentary_n of_o various_a author_n as_o well_o ancient_a as_o modern_a of_o which_o the_o number_n be_v almost_o infinite_a and_o give_v we_o occasion_n to_o commend_v and_o admire_v the_o wit_n the_o industry_n and_o eloquence_n of_o that_o nation_n be_v derive_v as_o from_o so_o many_o spring_n and_o fountain_n note_n upon_o the_o five_o chapter_n a._n p._n 96._o the_o subject_a or_o ground_n of_o this_o book_n be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o table_n of_o sixty_o four_o figure_n every_o one_o consist_v of_o six_o line_n which_o be_v all_o of_o a_o piece_n as_o thus_o other_o of_o two_o part_n as_o thus_o the_o chineses_n attribute_v the_o write_n of_o this_o table_n to_o their_o first_o king_n foyes_n hi_o but_o no_o body_n can_v divine_v what_o be_v the_o design_n or_o meaning_n of_o the_o author_n however_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o about_o twelve_o hundred_o year_n before_o christ_n prince_n venus_n uam_fw-la father_n of_o the_o emperor_n vu_fw-fr uam_n founder_n of_o the_o three_o royal_a family_n and_o his_o second_o son_n cheu_n cum_fw-la undertake_v to_o interpret_v this_o enigmatical_a table_n and_o that_o five_o hundred_o year_n afterward_o the_o philosopher_n cum_fw-la fu_fw-la cius_fw-la make_v commentary_n upon_o the_o interpretation_n of_o those_o two_o prince_n but_o whatever_o those_o three_o author_n have_v write_v upon_o this_o subject_a amount_n to_o no_o more_o than_o only_o from_o the_o agreeement_n and_o vicissitude_n of_o the_o element_n and_o other_o natural_a thing_n to_o draw_v politic_a and_o moral_a maxim_n and_o conclusion_n and_o precept_n also_o as_o well_o for_o the_o prince_n as_o their_o subject_n but_o that_o which_o render_v this_o table_n pernicious_a be_v this_o that_o the_o idolater_n call_v tao_n sum_o the_o bonze_n and_o fortune-teller_n make_v a_o bad_a use_n of_o it_o to_o confirm_v their_o superstitious_a prediction_n forge_v out_o of_o that_o variety_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n which_o they_o intermix_v therewith_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o confederacy_n and_o vain_a and_o impertinent_a allusion_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o they_o boast_v themselves_o able_a to_o foretell_v whatever_o shall_v befall_v a_o man_n whether_o fortunate_a or_o unfortunate_a epitome_n of_o the_o first_o commentator_n of_o this_o table_n of_o foyes_n hi_o may_v be_v see_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o preface_v of_o cum_fw-la fu_fw-la cius_fw-la which_o be_v new_o print_v together_o with_o several_z other_o particular_n concern_v the_o principal_a book_n of_o the_o chinese_n of_o which_o our_o author_n speak_v in_o this_o chapter_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o civility_n and_o politeness_n of_o the_o chinese_n and_o of_o some_o of_o their_o feast_n several_a book_n may_v be_v write_v of_o the_o civility_n compliment_n and_o ceremony_n of_o the_o chinese_n they_o have_v a_o book_n which_o give_v a_o account_n of_o above_o three_o thousand_o and_o it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a thing_n to_o see_v how_o ready_a and_o punctual_a they_o be_v in_o those_o particular_n at_o their_o marriage_n and_o funeral_n in_o their_o visit_n and_o feast_n the_o master_n of_o the_o house_n though_o a_o person_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o dignity_n than_o any_o of_o his_o guest_n always_o give_v the_o chief_a place_n of_o pre-eminence_n to_o the_o elder_a the_o elder_a give_v place_n to_o those_o that_o come_v far_o off_o but_o all_o to_o foreigner_n when_o any_o ambassador_n arrive_v from_o the_o very_a day_n that_o his_o embassy_n be_v accept_v of_o to_o the_o time_n of_o his_o departure_n the_o emperor_n furnish_v he_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n horse_n litter_n and_o bark_n
their_o study_n and_o write_v book_n upon_o several_a subject_n they_o be_v proper_o the_o king_n be_v learned_a people_n who_o frequent_o discourse_v with_o they_o upon_o several_a science_n and_o make_v choice_n of_o several_a of_o they_o to_o be_v his_o colao_n or_o counsellor_n or_o for_o his_o other_o tribunal_n and_o general_o he_o commit_v to_o their_o care_n the_o execution_n of_o all_o affair_n that_o require_v secrecy_n and_o fidelity_n in_o short_a this_o tribunal_n be_v a_o royal_a academy_n or_o as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v a_o royal_a magazine_n furnish_v with_o man_n of_o wit_n and_o learning_n always_o ready_a to_o serve_v the_o state_n and_o the_o emperor_n they_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o first_o tribunal_n be_v of_o the_o three_o order_n of_o mandarin_n they_o of_o the_o second_o of_o the_o four_o order_n and_o they_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o other_o three_o be_v of_o the_o five_o order_n yet_o though_o they_o be_v of_o those_o inferior_a order_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v very_o much_o esteem_v respect_a and_o dread_a the_o tribunal_n call_v gue_n thu_n kien_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o royal_a school_n or_o university_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o it_o have_v two_o sort_n of_o employment_n the_o first_o be_v that_o when_o the_o king_n make_v any_o sacrifice_n to_o the_o heaven_n the_o earth_n the_o sun_n or_o moon_n or_o to_o any_o one_o of_o his_o subject_n decease_v to_o recompense_v his_o great_a service_n the_o mandarin_n of_o this_o tribunal_n present_v the_o wine_n which_o be_v do_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ceremony_n their_o next_o business_n be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o all_o the_o licentiate_n and_o undergraduate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o of_o all_o the_o student_n to_o who_o for_o some_o particular_a reason_n the_o king_n be_v please_v to_o confer_v title_n and_o dignity_n which_o equal_v they_o in_o some_o measure_n with_o the_o bachelor_n graduate_n these_o student_n be_v of_o eight_o sort_n the_o first_o be_v call_v cum_fw-la sem_fw-mi who_o be_v bachelor_n of_o art_n and_o learned_a be_v of_o a_o age_n not_o to_o be_v examine_v or_o who_o have_v be_v examine_v have_v not_o the_o good_a fortune_n to_o come_v off_o with_o applause_n and_o therefore_o to_o make_v they_o amends_o the_o king_n give_v they_o a_o pension_n as_o long_o as_o they_o live_v the_o second_o call_v quen_o sem_fw-mi be_v the_o son_n of_o great_a mandarin_n upon_o who_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o eminent_a service_n of_o their_o parent_n the_o king_n confer_v employment_n without_o suffer_v they_o to_o undergo_v the_o rigour_n of_o examination_n the_o three_o sort_n call_v ngen_fw-mi sem_fw-mi be_v certain_a student_n who_o the_o king_n make_v mandarin_n at_o his_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n or_o upon_o the_o birth_n or_o marriage_n of_o the_o prince_n his_o elder_a son._n the_o four_o be_v call_v cum_fw-la sem_fw-mi be_v student_n upon_o who_o the_o king_n bestow_v his_o favour_n and_o advance_v they_o to_o dignity_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a personal_a merit_n or_o the_o great_a service_n of_o their_o ancestor_n the_o five_o sort_n call_v kien_fw-mi sem_fw-mi comprehend_v all_o those_o who_o have_v be_v bachelor_n for_o some_o time_n and_o after_o their_o examination_n not_o be_v able_a to_o merit_v the_o degree_n of_o licentiate_n or_o else_o fear_v to_o lose_v their_o degree_n of_o bachelor_n give_v the_o king_n a_o sum_n of_o money_n for_o which_o he_o grant_v they_o the_o title_n of_o kien_fw-fr sem_fw-mi which_o confirm_v they_o for_o ever_o into_o their_o batchelour_n degree_n and_o make_v they_o capable_a of_o be_v elect_v mandarin_n the_o six_o be_v compose_v of_o student_n that_o learn_v foreign_a language_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o interpret_v when_o stranger_n come_v to_o court._n to_o who_o the_o king_n for_o their_o encouragement_n give_v this_o title_n with_o revenue_n proportionable_a and_o after_o they_o have_v serve_v for_o some_o year_n they_o may_v be_v make_v mandarin_n without_o any_o examination_n the_o seven_o consist_v of_o the_o son_n of_o great_a lord_n who_o in_o this_o tribunal_n learn_v virtue_n civility_n and_o the_o liberal_a science_n and_o when_o they_o be_v of_o age_n to_o be_v mandarin_n the_o king_n prefer_v they_o to_o some_o employment_n or_o other_o the_o eight_o be_v accidental_a and_o of_o a_o peculiar_a sort_n for_o when_o the_o emperor_n have_v any_o daughter_n that_o be_v call_v lady_n of_o the_o palace_n or_o cum_fw-la chu_n and_o that_o he_o have_v a_o intention_n to_o marry_v they_o he_o make_v choice_n at_o pekim_n of_o several_a young_a lad_n hopeful_a for_o their_o part_n handsome_a and_o between_o fourteen_o and_o seventeen_o year_n of_o age_n whether_o they_o be_v the_o son_n of_o mandarin_n tradesman_n or_o poor_a people_n out_o of_o these_o the_o tribunal_n of_o ceremony_n choose_v the_o most_o accomplish_a for_o beauty_n and_o wit_n and_o present_v they_o to_o the_o king_n who_o cull_v out_o one_o that_o please_v he_o most_o and_o send_v the_o rest_n back_o to_o their_o parent_n after_o he_o have_v give_v to_o every_o one_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n and_o a_o piece_n of_o silk_n but_o as_o for_o those_o who_o be_v thus_o make_v choice_n of_o to_o be_v his_o son_n in_o law_n he_o set_v over_o they_o a_o mandarin_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o ceremony_n and_o place_n he_o in_o that_o college_n to_o be_v instruct_v the_o precedent_n of_o this_o college_n be_v of_o the_o four_o order_n of_o mandarin_n and_o his_o assessor_n who_o be_v regent_n in_o the_o college_n be_v of_o the_o five_o order_n the_o mandarin_n that_o compose_v the_o tribunal_n call_v tu_fw-la cha_fw-mi yuen_v be_v controller_n of_o the_o court_n and_o of_o all_o the_o empire_n the_o precedent_n be_v equal_a in_o dignity_n to_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o six_o superior_a tribunal_n so_o that_o he_o be_v a_o mandarin_n of_o the_o second_o degree_n his_o first_o assessor_n be_v of_o the_o three_o and_o his_o second_o assistant_n of_o the_o four_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o mandarin_n which_o be_v very_o numerous_a and_o of_o great_a authority_n be_v of_o the_o seven_o order_n their_o employment_n be_v to_o take_v care_n both_o at_o court_n and_o over_o all_o the_o empire_n that_o the_o law_n and_o good_a custom_n be_v strict_o observe_v and_o put_v in_o execution_n that_o the_o mandarin_n perform_v their_o function_n just_o and_o true_o and_o that_o the_o people_n do_v their_o duty_n they_o punish_v slight_a fault_n in_o their_o own_o tribunal_n and_o inform_v the_o king_n of_o great_a offence_n every_o three_o year_n they_o make_v a_o general_a visitation_n send_v fourteen_o visitor_n abroad_o that_o be_v one_o for_o every_o province_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o visitor_n enter_v the_o province_n they_o be_v superior_a to_o the_o viceroy_n and_o other_o mandarin_n as_o well_o the_o great_a as_o the_o petty_a one_o and_o they_o control_v they_o with_o so_o much_o majesty_n authority_n and_o rigour_n that_o the_o dread_n wherein_o the_o mandarin_n stand_v of_o they_o have_v give_v occasion_n to_o this_o usual_a proverb_n among_o the_o chinese_n lao_n xu_o kien_n mao_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o rat_n have_v see_v the_o cat._n nor_o be_v it_o without_o reason_n that_o they_o stand_v in_o so_o much_o awe_n of_o they_o in_o regard_n it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o take_v away_o their_o employment_n and_o ruin_v their_o person_n the_o visitation_n be_v finish_v they_o return_v to_o court_n general_o load_v with_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n more_o or_o less_o which_o the_o mandarin_n give_v they_o for_o they_o that_o be_v guilty_a will_v bleed_v very_o free_o for_o fear_n they_o shall_v be_v accuse_v to_o the_o king._n other_o be_v more_o spare_v but_o give_v however_o to_o prevent_v the_o invent_v of_o accusation_n against_o they_o at_o their_o return_n they_o divide_v their_o spoil_n with_o the_o first_o precedent_n and_o his_o assistant_n and_o after_o that_o give_v both_o they_o and_o the_o king_n a_o account_n of_o their_o visitation_n generally_n they_o never_o impeach_v any_o one_o of_o the_o mandarin_n but_o such_o who_o injustice_n and_o tyranny_n be_v so_o public_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o conceal_v they_o or_o such_o who_o through_o their_o virtue_n or_o their_o poverty_n be_v not_o able_a to_o gratify_v their_o avarice_n this_o visitation_n be_v call_v ta_o chai_n or_o the_o great_a and_o general_a visitation_n the_o second_o tribunal_n make_v a_o second_o tribunal_n every_o year_n which_o be_v call_v chum_n chai_n or_o the_o middle_a super-visor_n this_o tribunal_n also_o send_v visitor_n to_o nine_o quarter_n of_o the_o frontier_n on_o that_o side_n which_o be_v next_o the_o vast_a wall_n that_o separate_a china_n from_o tartary_n they_o send_v other_o visitor_n to_o the_o salt_n pit_n which_o yield_v