the_o relation_n between_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n and_o the_o coppyholder_n his_o tenant_n deliver_v in_o the_o learned_a readins_n of_o the_o late_a excellent_a and_o famous_a lawyer_n char._n calthrope_n of_o the_o honourable_a society_n of_o lincolns-inn_n esq_n whereby_o it_o do_v appear_v for_o what_o cause_v a_o coppyholder_n may_v forfeit_v his_o copyhold_n estate_n and_o for_o what_o not_o and_o likewise_o what_o lord_n can_v grant_v a_o copy_n and_o to_o who_o publish_a for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o lord_n of_o manor_n and_o their_o tenant_n non_fw-la magis_fw-la promaenibus_fw-la quam_fw-la pro_fw-la servandis_fw-la legibus_fw-la libre_fw-la cives_fw-la pugnare_fw-la debent_fw-la siquidem_fw-la sine_fw-la maenibus_fw-la respublica_fw-la potest_fw-la consistere_fw-la sine_fw-la legibus_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la london_n print_v for_o william_n cook_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o his_o shop_n near_o furnivals_n inn_n gate_n in_o holborn_n 1635._o coppy-holds_a the_o first_o lecture_n the_o great_a injury_n which_o be_v offer_v and_o small_a remedy_n which_o be_v use_v in_o case_n of_o coppy-holds_a which_o as_o it_o seem_v do_v grow_v by_o the_o obscure_a knowledge_n what_o law_n &_o custom_n judge_v in_o these_o matter_n of_o copyhold_n move_v i_o to_o show_v some_o part_n of_o my_o travail_n in_o these_o point_n not_o thereby_o to_o animate_v copyhold_n tenant_n which_o will_v by_o too_o much_o advance_v their_o tenure_n pretend_v only_o to_o be_v tenant_n by_o custom_n and_o not_o tenant_n at_o will_n nor_o to_o encourage_v any_o copyhold_n lord_n which_o can_v by_o too_o much_o abase_v these_o tenor_n pretend_v to_o have_v such_o copyholders_n only_a tenant_n at_o will_n and_o not_o regard_v their_o custom_n but_o to_o prove_v unto_o you_o that_o as_o their_o title_n and_o name_n show_v they_o be_v tenant_n at_o will_n and_o tenant_n by_o custom_n in_o their_o land_n and_o they_o consist_v both_o of_o their_o lord_n will_v and_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n in_o their_o degree_n and_o that_o this_o will_n and_o custom_n be_v contain_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o law_n and_o reason_n according_a to_o such_o rule_n as_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o declare_v first_o i_o will_v show_v what_o a_o copyhold_n be_v then_o whereof_o it_o do_v consist_v and_o what_o estimation_n the_o same_o be_v of_o by_o the_o antiquity_n of_o time_n and_o by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n master_n littleton_n in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o tewre_n define_v a_o tenant_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n role_n and_o to_o be_v where_o a_o man_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o manor_n in_o which_o be_v a_o custom_n that_o have_v be_v use_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n that_o certain_a tenant_n of_o the_o same_o manor_n have_v use_v to_o have_v certain_a land_n and_o tenement_n to_o hold_v to_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n in_o fee_n simple_n fee_n taile_n or_o for_o life_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n after_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o mannonr_n and_o that_o they_o have_v no_o other_o evidence_n but_o the_o roll_n of_o the_o court_n by_o which_o definition_n and_o by_o certain_a other_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n it_o may_v be_v gather_v that_o a_o copyhold_n do_v consist_v of_o these_o six_o principal_a ground_n or_o circumstance_n viz._n first_o there_o must_v be_v a_o manor_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o copyhold_n second_o a_o custom_n for_o the_o allow_v of_o the_o same_o three_o there_o must_v be_v a_o court_n hold_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o copyholders_n four_o there_o must_v be_v a_o lord_n to_o give_v the_o copyhold_n five_o there_o must_v be_v a_o tenant_n of_o capacity_n to_o take_v the_o tenement_n last_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v grant_v which_o must_v be_v such_o as_o be_v grantable_a and_o may_v be_v hold_v of_o the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o tenure_n but_o first_o before_o i_o speak_v of_o these_o circumstance_n i_o will_v brief_o declare_v unto_o you_o the_o dignity_n and_o estimation_n of_o copyholders_n by_o the_o antiquity_n and_o allowance_n of_o time_n and_o by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n it_o appear_v by_o a_o certain_a book_n entitle_v de_n priscis_fw-la anglor_fw-la legibus_fw-la translate_v out_o of_o saxon_a tongue_n by_o master_n lambert_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n that_o coppy-holds_a be_v long_o before_o the_o conquest_n and_o then_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o bookeland_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o book_n in_o the_o treatise_n de_fw-fr rerum_fw-la &_o verborum_fw-la explicatione_n and_o by_o master_n bracton_n a_o ancient_a writer_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n who_o in_o his_o book_n write_v divers_a precedent_n and_o record_n of_o king_n henry_n of_o allowance_n copi-holders_n or_o customary_a tenant_n that_o do_v their_o due_a service_n the_o lord_n may_v not_o expel_v they_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o latter_a judge_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o 4._o and_o edward_n the_o three_o and_o it_o appear_v by_o master_n fitz-herberts_n abridgement_n they_o be_v prefer_v by_o a_o special_a writ_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o the_o lord_n thereby_o compel_v to_o do_v right_a and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o tenant_n by_o the_o verge_n which_o be_v the_o same_o in_o nature_n as_o copy-holders_n be_v be_v allow_v by_o the_o name_n of_o sokemaine_v in_o franktenure_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n 7._o be_v allow_v and_o of_o the_o king_n for_o defence_n of_o their_o estate_n so_o that_o in_o every_o king_n time_n copy-holders_n have_n have_v their_o allowance_n according_a to_o their_o nature_n unto_o this_o time_n present_a wherein_o our_o justice_n be_v of_o opinion_n as_o the_o say_v grave_a sage_n have_v be_v in_o time_n past_a now_o i_o will_v further_o proceed_v in_o some_o particular_a use_n of_o these_o tenor_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o because_o i_o find_v none_o that_o do_v so_o much_o deface_v the_o estimation_n of_o copy-holders_n as_o master_n fitz_n herbert_n do_v in_o his_o writ_n derecto_fw-la clauso_fw-la i_o will_v begin_v with_o his_o word_n and_o judgement_n in_o the_o same_o and_o proceed_v to_o other_o authority_n master_n fitz-herbert_n say_v that_o this_o term_n coppi-holders_n be_v but_o a_o new_a term_n new_o find_v out_o &_o that_o in_o old_a time_n they_o be_v call_v tenant_n in_o uilenage_n or_o base_a tenure_n and_o this_o say_v he_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o old_a tenor_n for_o no_o copyholders_n be_v there_o speak_v of_o although_o there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n such_o tenant_n but_o than_o say_v they_o be_v call_v tennat_n in_o vilenage_n and_o say_v as_o appear_v 44._o henry_n 4._o if_o a_o false_a judgement_n be_v give_v against_o they_o in_o the_o lord_n court_n they_o shall_v have_v no_o remedy_n but_o sue_v to_o their_o lord_n by_o petition_n because_o to_o hold_v by_o copy_n of_o court_n role_n which_o be_v as_o he_o say_v base_a tenure_n be_v to_o hold_v in_o villeinage_n which_o say_v opinion_n of_o fitz-herbert_n have_v be_v by_o divers_a wrest_v to_o make_v no_o diversity_n between_o tenure_n in_o villeinage_n and_o tenure_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n role_n or_o base_a tenure_n wherein_o whatsoever_o interpretation_n may_v be_v make_v master_n fitz_n herbert_n meaning_n be_v very_o plain_a and_o the_o book_n of_o the_o old_a tenor_n be_v to_o be_v far_o otherwise_o understand_v as_o also_o i_o suppose_v all_o other_o authority_n in_o our_o law_n do_v make_v and_o appoint_v difference_n between_o the_o tenor_n and_o first_o touch_v the_o book_n of_o the_o old_a tenor_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o book_n make_v a_o plain_a distinction_n between_o tenure_n in_o villeinage_n and_o tenure_n in_o fee_n base_a which_o be_v understand_v this_o tenure_n by_o copyhold_n and_o call_v it_o a_o fee_n although_o a_o base_a fee_n and_o make_v diverse_a distinction_n between_o they_o and_o say_v that_o the_o tenant_n in_o villeinage_n must_v do_v all_o such_o thing_n as_o their_o lord_n will_v command_v they_o but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v of_o the_o tenant_n in_o base_a fee_n and_o this_o it_o seem_v the_o say_a book_n of_o old_a tenure_n to_o be_v by_o mr._n fitzherbert_n mis-recited_n which_o i_o be_o the_o bold_a to_o affirm_v save_v the_o due_a reverence_n to_o his_o learning_n because_o one_o mr._n thornton_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n a_o man_n very_o learned_a in_o his_o late_a read_n there_o upon_o the_o statute_n of_o forger_n fact_n speak_v of_o forge_v court_n roles_n do_v plain_o affirm_v the_o book_n of_o the_o old_a tenor_n to_o be_v mistake_v by_o mr._n fitzherbert_n in_o this_o point_n and_o beside_o for_o the_o further_a credit_n of_o coppy-holds_a we_o ought_v to_o consider_v the_o great_a authority_n of_o mr._n littleton_n who_o among_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o tenor_n do_v make_v a_o
right_n or_o in_o some_o other_o a_o sufficient_a ability_n or_o capacity_n to_o prescribe_v touch_v the_o first_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o he_o which_o will_v prescribe_v must_v have_v a_o certain_a and_o indefeazable_a estate_n and_o not_o otherwise_o as_o if_o a_o tenant_n at_o will_n or_o at_o sufferance_n after_o he_o have_v occupy_v the_o land_n for_o ten_o year_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v the_o same_o for_o ten_o year_n this_o be_v not_o good_a but_o a_o tenant_n at_o will_n after_o the_o custom_n although_o he_o come_v in_o at_o the_o first_o by_o the_o lord_n will_v yet_o do_v and_o pay_v that_o which_o he_o ought_v he_o may_v prescribe_v to_o hold_v the_o land_n whether_o the_o lord_n will_v or_o no_o and_o although_o a_o coppyholder_n may_v prescribe_v in_o this_o form_n against_o his_o lord_n yet_o against_o a_o estranger_fw-fr for_o a_o common_a or_o such_o like_a kind_n of_o profit_n he_o can_v prescribe_v bâ—t_v in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o lord_n neither_o yet_o can_v a_o tenant_n for_o life_n or_o for_o year_n prescribe_v in_o the_o right_n of_o their_o own_o estate_n only_o because_o it_o lack_v continuance_n to_o make_v a_o custom_n or_o prescription_n except_o in_o some_o case_n of_o necessity_n the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n or_o of_o a_o patronage_n for_o year_n or_o life_n may_v grant_v a_o copy_n in_o perpetuity_n or_o presentation_n for_o a_o long_a time_n than_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o grantor_n do_v continue_v and_o this_o be_v admit_v causa_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la and_o not_o jure_fw-la prescriptionis_fw-la to_o the_o second_o capacity_n must_v be_v in_o himself_o that_o do_v prescribe_v which_o ability_n and_o capacity_n must_v consist_v in_o the_o person_n of_o he_o that_o do_v prescribe_v for_o as_o prescription_n may_v be_v sometime_o in_o respect_n of_o estate_n manor_n land_n or_o office_n so_o may_v prescription_n sometime_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o person_n which_o person_n be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o private_a person_n but_o of_o a_o body_n politic_a not_o that_o many_o person_n may_v prescribe_v except_o the_o same_o be_v incorporate_a and_o to_o prescribe_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o incorporate_a capacity_n and_o not_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o private_a capacity_n as_o if_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o dale_n will_v prescribe_v to_o have_v common_a in_o the_o soil_n of_o s._n this_o be_v no_o good_a prescription_n for_o that_o they_o be_v not_o incorporate_v they_o must_v prescribe_v that_o h._n lord_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o dale_n for_o he_o and_o his_o tenan_n within_o the_o say_a manor_n have_v use_v to_o have_v common_a within_o the_o sai_fw-fr soil_n so_o be_v it_o for_o coppy-holds_a for_o they_o must_v prescribe_v in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o lord_n in_o such_o a_o case_n if_o a_o man_n prescribe_v that_o he_o and_o his_o ancestor_n have_v have_v such_o a_o annuity_n this_o be_v not_o good_a but_o if_o a_o bishop_n do_v prescribe_v that_o he_o and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v have_v such_o a_o annuity_n this_o be_v good_a the_o plead_n of_o prescription_n must_v be_v use_v in_o form_n of_o law_n as_o other_o matter_n that_o be_v pleadable_a and_o form_n must_v be_v use_v likewise_o in_o plead_v of_o coppy-holds_a and_o other_o customary_a title_n for_o avoid_v of_o confusion_n and_o discord_n as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o case_n of_o the_o common_a law_n the_o form_n of_o plead_v prescription_n do_v differ_v as_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o thing_n whereof_o prescription_n be_v make_v and_o sometime_o do_v differ_v as_o the_o person_n do_v differ_v which_o make_v the_o prescription_n as_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n make_v his_o title_n to_o his_o land_n by_o prescription_n he_o must_v plead_v that_o the_o same_o land_n be_v and_o have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n demise_v and_o demiseable_a by_o the_o copy_n of_o court_n role_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n whereof_o it_o be_v hold_v if_o two_o man_n as_o young_a brethren_n will_v make_v their_o title_n to_o land_n in_o gavell-kinde_n they_o must_v say_v that_o the_o same_o land_n be_v of_o the_o tenure_n and_o nature_n of_o gavell-kinde_n which_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v part_v and_o partable_a between_o heir_n male_n so_o if_o the_o young_a son_n make_v his_o title_n to_o land_n in_o borough_n english_a he_o must_v plead_v that_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n have_v be_v that_o when_o or_o at_o what_o time_n soever_o a_o copy_n holder_n die_v seize_v of_o any_o copyhold_n land_n in_o the_o same_o manor_n have_v divers_a son_n that_o the_o same_o have_v use_v jure_fw-la hereditario_fw-la to_o descend_v unto_o the_o young_a son_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o the_o form_n do_v differ_v in_o the_o thing_n whereof_o the_o prescription_n be_v common_o make_v so_o do_v it_o differ_v as_o the_o person_n do_v differ_v which_o prescribe_v as_o a_o private_a person_n shall_v prescribe_v in_o he_o and_o his_o ancestor_n who_o estate_n he_o have_v an_fw-mi incorporate_v person_n in_o he_o and_o his_o predecessor_n a_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n in_o he_o and_o they_o which_o be_v lord_n of_o that_o manor_n a_o sheriff_n in_o he_o and_o those_o which_o have_v be_v sheriff_n of_o the_o same_o county_n a_o steward_n of_o a_o manor_n in_o he_o and_o those_o which_o have_v be_v steward_n there_o a_o free_a holder_n in_o he_o and_o they_o which_o have_v be_v steward_n to_o the_o say_a lord_n a_o coppyholder_n shall_v prescribe_v against_o a_o estranger_fw-fr that_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n for_o he_o and_o his_o tenant_n at_o will_n have_v use_v the_o like_a etc._n etc._n what_o necessity_n a_o court_n baron_n be_v of_o whereof_o it_o do_v consist_v how_o it_o be_v define_v and_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o sufficient_a court_n role_n to_o make_v a_o copyhold_n every_o mavour_n have_v a_o court_n baron_fw-fr incident_a to_o it_o of_o common_a right_n and_o common_a necessity_n and_o this_o court_n baron_n consist_v of_o four_o special_a part_n viz._n the_o lord_n the_o steward_n the_o tenant_n and_o the_o bailiff_n a_o court_n baron_n be_v define_v to_o be_v a_o assembly_n of_o these_o part_n together_o within_o the_o say_a manor_n to_o take_v council_n care_n and_o inquire_v of_o cause_n concern_v the_o same_o manor_n to_o see_v justice_n due_o execute_v the_o act_n and_o ordinance_n there_o do_v to_o be_v record_v in_o the_o roll_n of_o the_o same_o court_n which_o roll_n be_v the_o evidence_n of_o all_o ordinance_n duty_n custom_n and_o conveyance_n the_o lord_n and_o tenant_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o be_v to_o be_v enter_v by_o the_o steward_n or_o a_o officer_n indifferent_a between_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o tenant_n and_o the_o same_o roll_n to_o remain_v with_o the_o lord_n thereby_o to_o know_v his_o tenant_n his_o rent_n and_o his_o fine_n his_o custom_n and_o his_o service_n and_o the_o particular_a grant_n of_o every_o copyhold_n to_o be_v coppy_v out_o of_o the_o roll_n the_o copy_n thereof_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o every_o particular_a tenant_n neither_o can_v they_o make_v any_o other_o title_n to_o their_o say_a tennement_n but_o by_o their_o say_a copy_n if_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n have_v copyhold_n land_n surrender_v into_o his_o hand_n will_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o tenant_n out_o of_o the_o court_n grant_v the_o same_o to_o a_o other_o and_o the_o steward_n enter_v the_o same_o into_o the_o court_n book_n and_o make_v thereof_o a_o copy_n to_o the_o grantee_n and_o the_o lord_n die_v before_o the_o next_o court_n this_o be_v no_o good_a copy_n to_o hold_v the_o land_n but_o if_o the_o same_o surrender_n and_o grant_v be_v present_v at_o the_o next_o court_n in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o grantee_n admit_v tenant_n and_o a_o copy_n make_v to_o he_o this_o be_v good_a copy_n if_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n have_v ancient_a copyhold_n in_o his_o hand_n will_v by_o a_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n or_o by_o a_o fine_a grant_v this_o land_n to_o one_o to_o hold_v at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n yet_o this_o can_v make_v a_o good_a copyhold_n if_o the_o lord_n in_o open_a court_n do_v grant_v a_o copyhold_n land_n and_o the_o steward_n make_v no_o entry_n thereof_o in_o the_o court_n roles_n this_o be_v not_o good_a though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o public_a do_v nor_o no_o collateral_a proof_n can_v make_v it_o good_a but_o if_o the_o tenant_n have_v no_o copy_n make_v unto_o he_o out_o of_o the_o role_n or_o if_o he_o lose_v his_o copy_n yet_o the_o roll_n be_v still_o a_o sufficient_a title_n for_o his_o copyhold_n if_o the_o roll_n be_v also_o lose_v yet_o it_o seem_v that_o by_o proof_n he_o can_v
without_o his_o assent_n and_o perhaps_o it_o be_v not_o agree_v to_o his_o conscience_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o proper_o a_o not_o do_v or_o denial_n to_o do_v his_o duty_n quaere_fw-la if_o there_o be_v 12._o and_o 11._o agree_v and_o the_o twelve_o will_v not_o for_o it_o be_v not_o a_o full_a jury_n pasche_n 20._o eliz._n co._n bank_n ve_fw-la 3._o ed._n 3._o verdict_n 10._o ou_fw-fr 11._o 29._o ed._n 3._o ibid._n 45._o 12_o hen._n 4._o 10._o sherne_a what_o office_n or_o power_n entire_o or_o divide_o the_o lord_n steward_n freeholders_n copyholders_n and_o the_o bailiff_n have_v in_o the_o court_n baron_fw-fr although_o the_o lord_n the_o steward_n the_o freeholders_n the_o copyholders_n and_o the_o bailiff_n of_o every_o manor_n have_v a_o intermix_v and_o joint_a office_n and_o authority_n in_o some_o case_n and_o to_o some_o purpose_n yet_o to_o other_o purpose_n their_o office_n be_v distinct_a and_o divide_v and_o every_o of_o they_o do_v occupy_v several_a place_n person_n and_o part_n the_o lord_n be_v chief_a to_o command_v and_o appoint_v to_o the_o steward_n to_o direct_v and_o record_v the_o free_a holder_n affirre_v and_o judge_v the_o copyholders_n to_o enfirme_v and_o present_a the_o bailiff_n to_o attend_v and_o execute_v etc._n etc._n and_o all_o these_o together_o make_v a_o perfect_a execution_n of_o justice_n and_o judgement_n in_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr and_o without_o all_o these_o a_o court_n baron_n can_v be_v hold_v in_o his_o proper_a nature_n in_o respect_n of_o all_o cause_n belong_v to_o the_o perfect_a jurisdiction_n of_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr and_o yet_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr may_v be_v hold_v by_o use_n and_o custom_n for_o some_o coppyhold_n cause_n though_o it_o want_v one_o of_o the_o say_a party_n viz_o the_o free_a holder_n and_o there_o in_o copyhold_n case_n the_o steward_n do_v supply_v the_o place_n of_o a_o judge_n but_o no_o other_o of_o the_o part_n aforesaid_a except_o the_o free_a holder_n can_v be_v miss_v or_o spare_v in_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr but_o to_o make_v some_o more_o particular_a demonstration_n of_o their_o distinct_a authority_n and_o office_n and_o first_o the_o lord_n as_o he_o be_v chief_a in_o place_n so_o be_v he_o in_o authority_n and_o occupy_v three_o several_a rome_n the_o one_o of_o a_o chancellor_n in_o case_n of_o equity_n the_o other_o of_o a_o justice_n in_o a_o matter_n of_o right_n the_o three_o of_o himself_o in_o case_n proper_a and_o particular_a to_o himself_o the_o steward_n do_v occupy_v the_o part_n of_o several_a person_n that_o be_v to_o say_v judge_n and_o order_n in_o case_n of_o copyhold_n and_o also_o a_o minister_n and_o register_n to_o enter_v thing_n into_o the_o court_n roles_n and_o in_o both_o these_o to_o be_v indifferent_a between_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o tenant_n the_o free_a holder_n do_v likewise_o fulfil_v two_o part_n that_o be_v to_o effect_v &_o judge_v amercemetn_n and_o also_o to_o return_v and_o certify_v judgement_n the_o copyholders_n also_o do_v hold_v two_o several_a room_n viz._n to_o inform_v offence_n commit_v against_o the_o lord_n within_o that_o manor_n and_o to_o present_v such_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v give_v charge_n by_o the_o steward_n the_o bailiff_n do_v also_o occupy_v two_o part_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o execute_v the_o process_n and_o commandment_n of_o the_o court_n and_o also_o to_o return_v into_o the_o court_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o same_o process_n 6._o ed._n 6._o bract._n no._n case_n 84._o pli_v 387._o the_o under-steward_n in_o court_n without_o authority_n of_o the_o l._n or_o of_o the_o high-steward_n may_v demise_n copyhold_n &_o it_o be_v a_o good_a grant_n for_o it_o be_v in_o full_a court_n but_o contrary_a it_o be_v if_o it_o be_v out_o of_o court_n quaere_fw-la if_o the_o high_a steward_n without_o authority_n may_v demise_n out_o of_o court_n finis_fw-la lecturae_fw-la calthrop_n a_o coppyholder_n be_v indebt_v do_v surrender_v to_o his_o creditor_n upon_o trust_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n to_o satisfy_v himself_o of_o the_o debt_n and_o then_o to_o be_v surrender_v back_o again_o unto_o he_o and_o after_o the_o debt_n levy_v the_o creditor_n will_v not_o surrender_v whereby_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n the_o tenant_n pursue_v a_o english_a bill_n to_o the_o lord_n in_o his_o court_n by_o which_o the_o trust_n be_v prove_v by_o deposition_n the_o lord_n seize_v the_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o first_o coppyholder_n until_o etc._n etc._n and_o wray_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o may_v well_o so_o do_v for_o he_o have_v no_o other_o remedy_n for_o the_o lord_n can_v imprison_v he_o as_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n may_v do_v and_o that_o the_o custom_n of_o deposition_n be_v good_a though_o some_o do_v doubt_n but_o gawdy_n agree_v but_o he_o say_v that_o the_o lord_n can_v retain_v and_o keep_v the_o land_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v so_o do_v the_o other_o shall_v have_v a_o subpoena_fw-la whereunto_o wray_n agree_v that_o he_o can_v retain_v the_o land_n but_o seize_v it_o and_o grant_v it_o over_o which_o without_o seize_v he_o can_v do_v 25._o eliz._n b._n upon_o the_o motion_n of_o cook_n who_o say_v that_o 14._o hen._n 4._o 39_o and_o fitz._n b._n 1â—_n be_v according_a to_o their_o opinion_n for_o a_o coppyholder_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n not_o false_a judgement_n upon_o a_o judgement_n against_o he_o in_o court_n of_o the_o lord_n but_o he_o shall_v sue_v by_o bill_n and_o thereupon_o the_o lord_n shall_v reseise_v the_o land_n upon_o false_a judgement_n give_v by_o the_o steward_n and_o shall_v make_v restitution_n if_o one_o recover_v a_o debt_n by_o plaint_n in_o court_n baron_n those_o of_o the_o court_n have_v not_o power_n to_o make_v execution_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n of_o the_o defendant_n good_n but_o they_o may_v distrain_v the_o defendant_n and_o after_o the_o judgement_n retain_v the_o distress_n in_o their_o hand_n in_o safeguard_n until_o the_o defendant_n have_v satisfy_v the_o plaintiff_n of_o that_o wherein_o he_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o court_n 46._o hen._n 6._o 17._o see_v the_o book_n of_o entrees_n fol._n 166._o 7._o hen._n 4._o 27._o in_o replevin_v the_o defendant_n say_v that_o one_o edward_n besall_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o droit_n close_o against_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o one_o other_o in_o the_o lord_n court_n in_o ancient_a demean_n and_o declare_v in_o nature_n of_o assize_n and_o it_o be_v find_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o damage_n be_v tax_v whereby_o the_o defendant_n be_v then_o under-bayliffe_n by_o the_o steward_n commandment_n take_v the_o beast_n for_o execution_n of_o the_o damage_n and_o take_v and_o sell_v they_o and_o deliver_v the_o money_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o assize_n this_o be_v a_o good_a plea_n and_o yet_o this_o be_v but_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr and_o folly_n 29._o by_o hull_n a_o man_n recover_v ancient_a demeasne-land_n and_o damage_n in_o a_o court_n of_o ancient_a demean_v the_o bay_a life_n may_v take_v the_o beast_n of_o he_o against_o who_o the_o recovery_n be_v etc._n etc._n for_o execution_n of_o damage_n in_o every_o parcel_n of_o the_o land_n hold_v of_o the_o manor_n although_o that_o land_n be_v frank-fee_n and_o it_o be_v not_o deny_v 22._o assize_n 72._o agree_v with_o 4._o hen._n 6._o mes_fw-fr kitch_n 115._o where_o it_o be_v use_v to_o make_v execution_n by_o levari_fw-la facias_fw-la that_o be_v a_o good_a custom_n 38._o ed._n 3._o custom_n 133._o upon_o a_o recovery_n in_o court_n baron_n the_o defendant_n cattle_n be_v deliver_v in_o execution_n where_o a_o tenant_n by_o copy_n may_v plead_v a_o special_a custom_n which_o be_v only_o proper_a to_o he_o and_o his_o predecessor_n before_o he_o nine_o eliz._n taverner_n be_v sue_v by_o the_o lord_n cromwell_n for_o that_o he_o have_v commit_v waste_n upon_o his_o copyhold_n he_o plead_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o manwood_n that_o he_o and_o those_o who_o before_o he_o have_v the_o house_n wherein_o he_o dwell_v have_v such_o a_o custom_n by_o prescription_n that_o they_o may_v fell_v timber_n tree_n etc._n etc._n and_o many_o argument_n be_v against_o that_o custom_n in_o as_o much_o as_o other_o tenant_n of_o that_o manor_n have_v not_o such_o a_o custom_n but_o be_v punishable_a and_o have_v forfeit_v their_o land_n for_o such_o waste_n also_o that_o custom_n be_v against_o common_a right_n and_o not_o reasonable_a and_o after_o long_a deliberation_n of_o the_o judge_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o a_o tenant_n may_v plead_v a_o particular_a custom_n as_o if_o one_o prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o way_n in_o the_o lord_n land_n etc._n etc._n and_o 19_o of_o eliz._n one_o prescribe_v that_o he_o &_o those_o of_o that_o tenement_n his_o predecessor_n have_v use_v to_o have_v
during_o his_o term_n 8._o eliz._n adjudge_v a_o coppyholder_n purchase_v the_o manor_n to_o he_o and_o another_o in_o fee_n the_o companion_n may_v occupy_v the_o copyhold_n joyntlyp_v resent_o 14._o eliz._n nota_fw-la it_o be_v agree_v in_o the_o common_a bench._n 21._o eliz._n that_o the_o bay_a life_n of_o a_o hundred_o or_o of_o a_o base_a court_n may_v take_v good_n upon_o levari_fw-la facias_fw-la to_o give_v execution_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n as_o well_o as_o the_o sheriff_n yet_o they_o agree_v that_o divers_a book_n be_v against_o it_o 4._o hen._n 6._o 22._o two_o joint_n copy-holders_n in_o fee_n make_v a_o partition_n that_o be_v good_a and_o no_o forfeiture_n nor_o alienation_n 12._o eliz._n agree_v in_o duchie_a chamber_n if_o a_o coppyholder_n surrender_v and_o then_o the_o lord_n do_v acknowledge_v a_o statute_n merchant_n and_o after_o the_o lord_n grant_v it_o by_o copy_n the_o copyhold_n be_v liable_a for_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o knowledgment_n it_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o free_a hold_n but_o if_o a_o coppyholder_n acknowledge_v a_o statute_n that_o be_v not_o liable_a if_o a_o man_n enter_v with_o force_n upon_o a_o coppyholder_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v forceable_a entrey_n nor_o indictment_n but_o the_o lord_n shall_v have_v it_o and_o upon_o restitution_n to_o the_o lord_n the_o coppyholder_n shall_v enter_v the_o lord_n grant_v to_o a_o coppyholder_n his_o tree_n grow_v or_o that_o shall_v be_v grow_v upon_o the_o land_n he_o may_v fell_a tree_n now_o grow_v and_o no_o forfeiture_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o dispensation_n but_o he_o can_v cut_v the_o tree_n which_o shall_v grow_v in_o time_n to_o come_v if_o the_o disseisor_n of_o a_o manor_n make_v copy_n for_o life_n and_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi enter_fw-mi he_o shall_v defeat_v they_o but_o of_o coppy-holds_a in_o fee_n before_o disseisin_n and_o a_o new_a â—â—â—nt_n of_o they_o upon_o surrender_n in_o time_n of_o disseisin_n it_o be_v otherwise_o per_fw-la plowden_n popham_n in_o case_n ramsey_n vers_fw-la arthur_n 29._o eliz._n a_o coppyholder_n may_v prescribe_v to_o have_v common_a in_o the_o lord_n land_n if_o a_o coppyholder_n surrender_v to_o the_o use_n of_o another_o and_o the_o lord_n grant_v it_o to_o cesty_n que_fw-fr use_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o surrender_n yet_o it_o be_v good_a per_fw-la plowden_n in_o batlands_n case_n if_o there_o be_v a_o manor_n consist_v of_o demesne_n free_a hold_n and_o customary_a tenement_n if_o the_o lord_n grant_v certain_a of_o the_o coppy-holds_a in_o fee_n the_o grantee_n may_v keep_v court_n and_o do_v homage_n and_o the_o copyholders_n by_o their_o oath_n may_v make_v presentment_n of_o their_o custom_n or_o of_o the_o death_n of_o any_o tenant_n and_o the_o grantee_n may_v make_v in_o court_n a_o new_a estate_n by_o copy_n as_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v a_o perfect_a manor_n mes_fw-fr the_fw-fr stile_n shall_v not_o be_v curia_fw-la manerij_fw-la but_o curia_fw-la halimoti_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la convocatio_fw-la tenentium_fw-la for_o when_o they_o be_v assemble_v they_o may_v inform_v the_o lord_n of_o their_o custom_n and_o duty_n it_o be_v otherwise_o adjudge_v in_o the_o come_v bench_n 29_o eliz._n between_o dodington_n and_o chaffin_n for_o parcel_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o m._n it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o the_o common_a bench_n 29._o eliz._n that_o where_o sir_n peter_n carew_n bein_z sole_o seize_v of_o the_o manor_n of_o m._n in_o the_o county_n of_o devonshire_n for_o life_n grant_v a_o copy_n in_o reversion_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n and_o die_v before_o the_o praticular_a coppyholder_n this_o be_v a_o good_a copy_n in_o reversion_n against_o the_o lord_n in_o who_o hand_n soever_o the_o signory_n shall_v come_v finis_fw-la errata_fw-la fol._n 4._o line_n 8._o for_o prefer_v read_v preserve_v l._n 14._o for_o and_o read_v aid_n &_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o l._n for_o as_o read_v and._n fol._n 6._o l._n 23._o for_o compely_v read_v expel_v d_o l._n 24._o for_o transgression_n re_fw-mi trespass_n f_z 7._o l._n 17._o for_o bract_n re_fw-mi brooke_n f_o 8_o l_o 6._o re_fw-la shall_v be_v account_v as_o able_a to_o be_v l._n 16._o for_o copyholder_n re_fw-mi coppyhold_n l._n 19_o for_o divisable_v re_fw-mi demisable_v l._n 27._o for_o tenement_n re_fw-mi tenant_n f._n 9_o l._n 2._o for_o tenement_n re_fw-mi tenant_n l._n 23._o leave_v our_o it_o f._n 15._o l._n 19_o for_o offer_n re_fw-mi affeere_o f._n 17._o l._n 9_o re_fw-la a_o particular_a right_n f._n 18._o l._n 9_o for_o m._n 1._o re_fw-la westm_n 1_o f._n 20._o l._n 9_o for_o eiusmodi_fw-la re_fw-la talem_fw-la last_o li._n for_o clausa_fw-la re_fw-mi causa_fw-la f._n 21._o l._n 4._o for_o accident_n re_fw-mi incident_a f._n 23_o l._n 4._o for_o common_o be_v land_n re_fw-mi common_o be_v in_o land_n l._n 23._o for_o custom_n haryot_n re_fw-mi custom_n of_o harryot_n l._n 24._o for_o of_o common_a aestover_n re_fw-mi common_a of_o aestover_n f._n 25._o l._n 4._o for_o decease_a re_fw-mi disseise_v l._n 13._o for_o be_v uncertain_a re_fw-mi be_v so_o uncertain_a f._n 28._o l._n 7._o for_o both_o to_o discuss_v re_fw-mi both_o be_v to_o discuss_v f._n 29._o l._n 3._o for_o transgress_v re_fw-mi trespass_n in_o divers_a place_n l._n 13._o for_o or_o service_n re_fw-mi do_v service_n l._n 15._o for_o prescribe_v re_fw-mi to_o prescribe_v statute_n and_o parliament_n law_n in_o the_o case_n of_o mounson_n on_o aston_n by_o the_o report_n of_o denham_n of_o lincolnsinne_n the_o division_n of_o custom_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5._o 42._o henry_n 4._o avowry_n 66_o 14._o hen._n 4._o behon_n â—om_n little_a plaâ—â—_n 21._o 2_o et_fw-la yaxley_n 5._o h._n 7_o 19_o b2_n r._n 3._o 16_o 13._o hen._n 7._o 16._o d._n st._n 47._o 2._o ed._n 4._o 17._o infant_n itin_n covert_a lunatte_n nemy_n 13._o eliz._n dier_n 301_o by_o sâ—rgeant_n walâ—â—â—â—ly_o 12._o eliz._n 291_o 292._o 30._o hen._n 8_o dicr_n 42._o 16._o there_o in_o trespass_n by_o hagger_n against_o felston_n mis-fesans_a non-fesans_a fineable_a in_o monsâ—â—r_n 〈…〉_z in_o court_n baron_n may_v defeat_v a_o entail_v b_o regis_fw-la 2._o coment_fw-fr 21._o adjudge_v in_o the_o common_a bench_n that_o a_o recovery_n can_v bind_v a_o entail_n a_o coppyholder_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o lessee_n for_o waist_n and_o good_a the_o lord_n can_v increase_v a_o fine_a which_o be_v certain_a