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B10248 An exact survey of the United Provinces of the Netherlands. Of their cities, castles, fortresses, and other their dominions there: With some remarques of their government, antiquities and memorable actions. Together with an exact map of the Seven Provinces: which is also to be sold alone. / Collected by T.W. T. W. 1673 (1673) Wing W118A; ESTC R186113 36,792 171

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lies so low that Ramparts only keep it from inundations and restrain the Rivers within their bounds In many places one may see the Sea far above the Land and yet repuls'd with those Banks The compass of Holland is about 180 Miles every part of it within three hours Journey of the Sea The bredth is not above 24 Miles and contains 28 wall'd Towns or Cities and 400 Villages some scituate in North and others in South-Holland North-Holland lies 'twixt the middle channel of the Rhene and the Zuyder-Sea The Towns or Cities of most importance are Alcmaer encompassed with deep Fens and Marshes divers great Lakes which are made by the Brooks which fall from the Downs so it hath its name from these Lakes the which in the Cymbrian Tongue they call Meeren as if they would say Almeer It hath the first Place and the first Voice in the Estates of the said Provinces It 's Eminent for the Defeat the Inhabitants gave the Duke of Alva meerly because he had left them no way to escape It 's a Town well fortified with goodly Ditches and mighty Walls Flanck'd with nine great Bulwarks which were made after the Spaniards had besieged it It 's three Leagues distant from Horn. Near unto it is the strong Castle of Astenburg Anno 1328 it was burnt The Frieslanders have often besieged it and in the year 1517 it was taken and plundered for eight days by those of Guelders Earl Florence the Fifth made a Ditch to the very extremities of the Country to hinder the Frieslanders incursions It 's not only one of the chiefest Towns of Holland but of all the Low Countries for the beauty of its Buildings and the neatness of its Streets Near this Town is Seayne a great Village The Lords hereof are descended from the House of Bavaria Amsterdam Is scituated on the Gulf called the Fie and the Ditch or Channel call'd Amstel whence it hath the name of Amsteldam in Latine Amstelodamum built upon Piles like Venice It consisted at the first of a few Fishermens houses and was under the Jurisdiction of the Lords of Amstel About 300 years since Gilbert Amstel fortified this City with Bulwarks and Towers which being burnt by ill Neighbours 't was walled about Anno 1482. And afterwards 't was inlarged and it is now become one of the greatest Mart-towns in Europe Here a 1000 Ships of all sorts have been seen to go out and in They of Amsterdam made a great present of Money to the Emperor Maximilian the First of that name for the which and other their good Services he granted them leave to bear an Imperial Crown upon the Arms of the City a Dignity never granted to any Town before There is yet to be seen in a Glass-window of the old Church certain Purses painted with their Mouths down scattering Gold and Silver to signifie their liberality It 's strong by reason of the Scituation but stronger by Art It 's flanck'd about with great Bulwarks which answering one another make it impregnable What with the Walls about it and the industry of man it 's warranted towards the Sea with a long double Pallisadoe from th' east to to the West in which above 1000 Ships and innumerable lesser Vessels may safely lie out of danger By reason of Trade it 's grown exceeding rich by diverting it from Antwerp hither It 's inhabited by People of all Nations and of all Religions and those nor tolerated or conniv'd at in private but openly and freely exercis'd without any disl ke It 's seven Leagues from Leyden The Town-house is the prodigie of the world and a miracle beyond the Seven that Antiquity brags so much of the Foundation of which cost many hundred thousand pounds The Revenue of this City cometh to above 4000 l. a day Near St. Katharin's Church are laid the Foundations of a Tower which is to be exceeding high 6300 great Trees have been driven into a piece of ground of about 100 Foot square to be Piles for the foundation of the said Tower They have here a House of Correction called the Tutchthuyse for vain idle and extravagant persons and also for those children which will not be obedient to their Parents at the coming in there are two Lyons upon the doors bridled as an emblem of the wild youth of the Town They make them here work according to their offences If they refuse to work they are put into a low Cellar and water is let in upon them if they will stand still they may if they will pump and deliver themselves then they are help'd out again They come out of this House when they give Testimony of their repentance Anno 1595 was here set up the like house for young Maids which liv'd a licentious and idle life In Amsterdam notwithstanding their precise observance of the Sabbath yet every Sunday Morning they have a publique Mart for Dogs and Rags Harlem On the Lake called Harlem-meer It 's a Noble Town both for the largeness of the City the fairness of the Houses and pleasantness of the Scituation being seated amongst many goodly Meadows famous for the invention of Printing invented here by Laurence Jans The first Book that ever was Printed being Tullies Offices Anno 1245 Pope Innocent at the Councel of Lions made St. Lewis King of France and William Earl of Holland undertake the relief of the Holy Land the Army being come before Pelusium now called Damietta a great Chain did hinder the approach of the Navy this the Harlem-men undertook to break and did execute their Design giving entry to the whole Fleet. In memory of which the Emperour gave the Town for Arms which before was a dry tree a Sword compass'd with six stars to the which the Patriarch of Jerusalem added upon the point a Cross Pattee They have many silver Bells which they brought from thence hang up in their Steeple It hath the fairest Church in all Holland being supported with great Columns or Pillars The River Sparr passeth through this Town Anno 1572 't was greatly afflicted by the Spaniards lying before it eight moneths to their great loss and discharged 10256 Cannon shot against the Town yet in the end by reason of Famine it was constrained to yield to the mercy of Duke d'Alva who put them to the Sword the Papists crying they were Catholiques expecting to receive mercy at his hands but they were answered that it was good for their Souls but their Bodies must die for the King This Town and Castle was built by the Harmelois who issued from the bloud of the Kings of Friesland and from thence it took its name as the learned Adrianus Junius conceiveth It 's the second Town in Holland for Rank and Dignity The Castle hereof was seated upon the Chanel that runs towards Egmont not far from Heemskirk and built of Brick but at this day there is nothing to be seen but the ruines of it The Lord of this place by his cruelty having made himself odious