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and_o sometime_o bow_v the_o head_n or_o knee_n for_o in_o his_o name_n shall_v all_o knee_n bow_v seem_v but_o parallel_n to_o that_o of_o the_o psalmist_n in_o thy_o name_n will_v i_o lift_v up_o my_o hand_n and_o the_o grecian_a or_o trojan_a prince_n lift_v up_o their_o sceptre_n in_o swear_v but_o other_o hold_v earth_n and_o water_n in_o allusion_n perhaps_o to_o the_o sacred_a styx_n most_n if_o not_o all_o public_a officer_n be_v tie_v to_o their_o duty_n by_o some_o oath_n but_o they_o be_v make_v by_o parliament_n in_o all_o age_n this_o be_v a_o pillar_n in_o our_o law_n that_o none_o can_v make_v alter_z or_o impose_v a_o oath_n without_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o custom_n by_o the_o common_a law_n it_o be_v strange_a how_o much_o in_o all_o we_o degenerate_a from_o our_o good_a ancestor_n so_o that_o with_o we_o to_o break_v one_o oath_n even_o in_o the_o great_a office_n be_v but_o a_o kind_n of_o petty_a aggravation_n as_o they_o call_v it_o rather_o than_o a_o crime_n because_o such_o oath_n be_v now_o account_v but_o mere_a form_n or_o ceremonious_a shadow_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o ab_fw-la initio_fw-la and_o among_o other_o precedent_n i_o find_v the_o old_a mirror_n speak_v of_o a_o chancellor_n of_o england_n charge_v with_o perjury_n for_o take_v a_o small_a sum_n of_o money_n half_o a_o mark_n for_o seal_v of_o a_o writ_n which_o be_v against_o his_o oath_n be_v neither_o to_o deny_v delay_v or_o sell_v justice_n or_o remedial_a writ_n yet_o six_o penny_n be_v allow_v to_o the_o king_n for_o seal_v of_o a_o writ_n how_o great_a a_o crime_n they_o do_v account_v such_o perjury_n i_o need_v not_o say_v to_o lawyer_n or_o to_o any_o that_o have_v read_v the_o saxon_a parliament_n but_o of_o all_o our_o oath_n those_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o content_a to_o be_v count_v formal_a that_o they_o be_v impose_v on_o mere_a child_n of_o a_o dozen_o year_n old_a how_o many_o such_o we_o have_v or_o have_v in_o great_a school_n or_o university_n may_v be_v know_v and_o feel_v too_o much_o i_o fear_v and_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n be_v twelve_o year_n old_a and_o so_o press_v at_o the_o leet_n or_o turn_v but_o do_v they_o mean_v we_o shall_v observe_v it_o but_o as_o child_n not_o as_o man_n or_o christian_n it_o be_v true_a the_o saxon_n also_o have_v a_o twelve-year-old_a oath_n but_o against_o theft_n and_o how_o the_o law_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o do_v annul_v the_o oath_n of_o child_n be_v observe_v and_o the_o fifty_o nine_o chapter_n of_o those_o law_n forbid_v any_o to_o plead_v or_o to_o be_v plead_v in_o judicio_fw-la till_o the_o age_n of_o fifteen_o it_o be_v also_o a_o maxim_n in_o our_o law_n book_n that_o minor_n can_v not_o essoyn_v because_o they_o can_v not_o swear_v and_o that_o homage_n may_v be_v do_v in_o nonage_n but_o not_o fealty_n for_o although_o homage_n be_v the_o more_o honourable_a do_v upon_o the_o knee_n yet_o fealty_n be_v the_o more_o sacred_a be_v ever_o do_v by_o oath_n and_o from_o hence_o be_v the_o usual_a phrase_n in_o all_o lawyer_n and_o historian_n to_o do_v homage_n but_o to_o swear_v fealty_n must_v our_o allegiance_n only_o run_v before_o our_o reason_n or_o discretion_n which_o yet_o be_v our_o great_a fealty_n for_o it_o differ_v little_a from_o homage_n with_o the_o oath_n of_o fealty_n to_o mean_a lord_n but_o in_o the_o salvo_n which_o i_o touch_v before_o and_o must_v again_o be_v one_o good_a help_n to_o explain_v our_o allegiance_n i_o shall_v acknowledge_v that_o allegiance_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v keep_v by_o all_o subject_n although_o they_o never_o take_v that_o oath_n which_o it_o may_v be_v many_o do_v not_o especial_o
parliamenti_fw-la sedebunt_fw-la &_o nullus_fw-la stabit_fw-la sed_fw-la quando_fw-la loquor_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la audiantur_fw-la à _fw-la paribus_fw-la and_o again_o nullus_fw-la solus_fw-la potest_fw-la nec_fw-la debet_fw-la recedere_fw-la à _fw-la parliamento_fw-la sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la parium_n parliamenti_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la parliamento_fw-la ità _fw-la quod_fw-la inde_fw-la fiat_fw-la mentio_fw-la in_o rotulis_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la it_o may_v be_v possible_a that_o bracton_n and_o fleta_n with_o other_o may_v use_v the_o phrase_n pares_fw-la in_o such_o a_o sense_n when_o they_o say_v that_o the_o king_n or_o his_o commissioner_n shall_v not_o judge_v and_o determine_v of_o treason_n but_o pares_fw-la which_o may_v be_v add_v to_o the_o 25_o the_o of_o edw._n 3._o reserve_v treason_n to_o parliament_n where_o of_o old_a it_o seem_v only_o determinable_a so_o that_o the_o mirror_n will_v not_o have_v it_o indict_v but_o by_o accusation_n and_o in_o full_a parliament_n as_o in_o king_n edmund_n time_n etc._n etc._n cap._n 2._o sect._n 11._o and_o in_o edw._n the_o 3_o d_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o offence_n of_o peer_n and_o great_a officer_n and_o those_o who_o sue_v against_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v try_v in_o parliament_n and_o although_o now_o the_o phrase_n be_v give_v to_o all_o the_o lord_n of_o parliament_n yet_o it_o be_v most_o or_o only_o proper_a to_o the_o earl_n who_o by_o law_n and_o custom_n the_o king_n style_v consanguineos_fw-la and_o he_o may_v style_v they_o his_o peer_n or_o companion_n as_o in_o latin_a comites_fw-la so_o bracton_n comites_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la quasi_fw-la socii_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la habet_fw-la socium_fw-la habet_fw-la magistrum_fw-la and_o in_o another_o place_n a_fw-la societate_fw-la reges_fw-la enim_fw-la tale_n sibi_fw-la associant_fw-la ad_fw-la consulendum_fw-la &_o regendum_fw-la populum_fw-la dei_fw-la and_o the_o like_a be_v in_o fleta_n comites_fw-la à _fw-la comitiva_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la qui_fw-la cum_fw-la viderint_fw-la regem_fw-la sine_fw-la freno_n frenum_fw-la sibi_fw-la apponere_fw-la tenentur_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o be_v also_o in_o bracton_n the_o mirror_n be_v yet_o clear_a although_o the_o king_n have_v no_o equal_n yet_o because_o himself_o or_o his_o commissar_n may_v not_o be_v judge_n it_o be_v provide_v by_o law_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v companion_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o his_o tort_v &c_n &c_n aux_fw-fr parliament_n and_o those_o companion_n be_v call_v countee_n earl_n from_o the_o latin_a comites_fw-la so_o also_o sarisberiensis_n cite_v before_o in_o hen._n 2._o comites_fw-la à _fw-la societatis_fw-la participatione_fw-la dici_fw-la quisquis_fw-la ignorat_fw-la ignarus_fw-la est_fw-la literarum_fw-la etc._n etc._n some_o will_v have_v they_o comites_fw-la &_o socii_fw-la in_o fisca_n because_o of_o old_a some_o earl_n have_v a_o three_o part_n of_o profit_n accrue_v by_o plea_n and_o forfeiture_n in_o their_o county_n as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n and_o mr._n selden_n in_o his_o comes_n but_o he_o will_v also_o grant_v their_o name_n à _fw-la comitiva_fw-la potestate_fw-la rather_o than_o from_o such_o communion_n of_o profit_n that_o the_o old_a sheriff_n also_o who_o be_v vicecomites_a do_v come_v to_o parliament_n appear_v in_o the_o ancient_a writ_n and_o history_n and_o yet_o the_o baron_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o kingdom_n judge_n and_o the_o present_a earl_n may_v seem_v to_o sit_v in_o parliament_n but_o only_o as_o baron_n who_o be_v now_o all_o peer_n and_o lord_n and_o parliament_n but_o although_o the_o lord_n be_v the_o great_a judge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o of_o all_o member_n thereof_o yet_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o in_o full_a parliament_n as_o old_a as_o edw._n 3._o they_o do_v not_o only_o acknowledge_v but_o protest_v that_o they_o be_v not_o to_o judge_v the_o commons_o in_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o felony_n be_v not_o their_o peer_n how_o it_o be_v in_o rich._n the_o second_o may_v be_v see_v at_o large_a in_o the_o roll_n and_o record_n now_o print_v in_o edward_n the_o second_o the_o commons_o proceed_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o lord_n for_o which_o also_o the_o fructus_fw-la temporum_fw-la cite_v before_o may_v be_v add_v to_o all_o in_o the_o road._n appeal_n and_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o lord_n in_o ecclesiastical_n that_o touch_v the_o king_n they_o be_v to_o the_o spiritual_a prelate_n abbot_n and_o prior_n of_o the_o upper_a house_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o 24_o hen._n 8._o till_o which_o it_o may_v be_v temporal_a lord_n have_v also_o cognizance_n of_o such_o as_o well_o as_o temporal_n and_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o the_o parliament_n be_v judge_v by_o the_o lord_n for_o they_o come_v from_o the_o king_n court_n his_o bench_n or_o his_o exchequer_n and_o if_o error_n have_v be_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n or_o below_o it_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v bring_v into_o parliament_n but_o to_o the_o kings-bench_n and_o from_o the_o kings-bench_n as_o from_o the_o king_n not_o otherwise_o they_o come_v to_o the_o lord_n and_o although_o there_o be_v a_o formal_a petition_n for_o remove_v the_o record_n from_o the_o king_n it_o be_v but_o of_o course_n and_o the_o king_n can_v not_o deny_v it_o which_o we_o find_v grant_v by_o all_o the_o old_a lawyer_n and_o historian_n as_o i_o show_v before_o and_o by_o the_o grand_a master_n and_o patron_n of_o law_n king_n edw._n 1._o in_o britton_n because_o none_o may_v judge_v in_o his_o own_o cause_n therefore_o in_o cause_n where_o ourselves_o shall_v be_v party_n we_o do_v consent_n que_fw-fr n._n court_n soit_fw-fr judge_n sicome_a count_n &_o baron_n in_o temps_fw-fr de_fw-fr parliament_n in_o the_o law_n of_o hen._n 1._o one_o of_o the_o chapter_n begin_v thus_o judices_fw-la sunt_fw-la barones_n comitatus_fw-la qui_fw-la liberas_fw-la in_o eye_n terras_fw-la habent_fw-la for_o in_o those_o time_n baron_n be_v by_o tenure_n only_o not_o by_o patent_n that_o i_o know_v till_o beauchamp_n of_o holt_n in_o rich._n 2._o nor_o by_o writ_n that_o i_o can_v find_v till_o the_o baron_n war_n but_o k._n john_n charter_n be_v to_o summon_v comites_fw-la &_o barones_n regni_n majores_fw-la sigillatim_fw-la per_fw-la literas_fw-la n._n but_o all_o that_o hold_v in_o capitae_n by_o general_a summons_n forty_o day_n before_o the_o parliament_n and_o that_o negotium_fw-la procedat_fw-la ad_fw-la diem_fw-la assignatum_fw-la secundum_fw-la consilium_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la present_n fuerint_fw-la quamvis_fw-la non_fw-la omnes_fw-la submoniti_fw-la venerint_fw-la and_o the_o summons_n of_o delinquent_n or_o suitor_n in_o parliament_n be_v to_o appear_v and_o abide_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n not_o of_o the_o king_n but_o of_o his_o court_n for_o the_o king_n be_v father_n and_o not_o judge_n of_o his_o people_n in_o his_o proper_a person_n as_o be_v show_v before_o and_o all_o the_o book_n agree_v that_o he_o must_v commit_v his_o jurisdiction_n unto_o judge_n in_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o when_o he_o may_v assume_v great_a office_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n by_o parliament_n in_o edw._n the_o three_o all_o judge_n be_v express_o except_v and_o the_o judge_n oath_n and_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n require_v they_o to_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o law_n notwithstanding_o the_o king_n command_n or_o seal_v against_o it_o and_o the_o register_n afford_v a_o writ_n to_o supersede_n or_o revoke_v any_o such_o seal_n from_o the_o king_n himself_o to_o any_o of_o the_o judge_n and_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n as_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n and_o treasurer_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o kingdom_n as_o we_o find_v before_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 3._o how_o much_o more_o than_o shall_v the_o lord_n of_o parliament_n be_v make_v by_o parliament_n for_o else_o they_o be_v the_o king_n commissioner_n so_o the_o roman_a say_v our_o german_a father_n choose_v their_o lord_n in_o common_a council_n to_o be_v judge_n in_o iisdem_fw-la conciliis_fw-la eliguntur_fw-la &_o principes_fw-la qui_fw-la jura_n reddunt_fw-la de_fw-fr minoribus_fw-la consultant_fw-la principes_fw-la de_fw-la majoribus_fw-la omnes_fw-la and_o caesar_n also_o observe_v that_o their_o prince_n or_o lord_n be_v their_o great_a judge_n sed_fw-la principes_fw-la regionem_fw-la atque_fw-la pagorum_fw-la inter_fw-la suos_fw-la jus_o dicunt_fw-la controversiasque_fw-la minuunt_fw-la yet_o tacitus_n will_v also_o tell_v we_o that_o with_o those_o prince_n they_o do_v join_v commons_o centeni_fw-la ex_fw-la plebe_n comites_fw-la which_o be_v perhaps_o the_o father_n of_o our_o county_n hundred_o and_o in_o k._n william_n edition_n of_o the_o confessor_n law_n when_o he_o incline_v so_o much_o to_o they_o of_o norwey_n universi_fw-la compatriotae_fw-la regni_fw-la qui_fw-la leges_fw-la edixerant_fw-la come_v and_o beseech_v he_o not_o to_o change_v their_o old_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o ancestor_n because_o they_o can_v not_o judge_v from_o law_n they_o understand_v not_o quia_fw-la durum_fw-la valde_fw-la foret_fw-la sibi_fw-la suscipere_fw-la
full_a and_o clear_a parliament_n we_o need_v not_o suspect_v or_o doubt_v it_o for_o in_o those_o very_a time_n there_o be_v such_o parliament_n and_o such_o degree_n nay_o caesar_n himself_o find_v such_o degree_n among_o the_o britain_n a_o king_n and_o druyds_n which_o be_v as_o bishop_n and_o archbishop_n as_o we_o may_v clear_v anon_o dukes_n and_o noble_n beside_o the_o commons_o so_o civil_a be_v our_o british_a ancestor_n of_o who_o much_o more_o ere_o long_o and_o for_o the_o very_a first_o time_n of_o christian_a religion_n which_o be_v much_o high_a than_o austin_n the_o father_n who_o may_v have_v be_v great_a grandfather_n to_o austin_n the_o monk_n king_n alfred_n own_o law_n acknowledge_v that_o in_o this_o island_n the_o law_n be_v then_o make_v by_o a_o common_a council_n of_o bishop_n and_o other_o wise_a man_n or_o elder_a man_n of_o the_o wytan_n old_a bede_n seem_v plain_a enough_o for_o this_o in_o several_a place_n servabant_fw-la reges_fw-la sacerdotes_fw-la privati_fw-la be_v the_o commons_o before_o the_o lord_n &_o optimates_fw-la suum_fw-la quique_fw-la ordinem_fw-la and_o of_o the_o saxon_n call_v in_o by_o common_a council_n initum_fw-la est_fw-la concilium_fw-la quid_fw-la agendum_fw-la etc._n etc._n placuitque_fw-la omnibus_fw-la cum_fw-la svo_fw-la rege_fw-la vortigorno_n ut_fw-la saxonum_n gentem_fw-la in_o auxilium_fw-la vocarent_fw-la and_o of_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o all_o the_o south_n to_o the_o river_n humber_n among_o other_o good_a work_n say_v he_o quae_fw-la consulendo_fw-la conferebat_fw-la etiam_fw-la decreta_fw-la judiciorum_fw-la juxta_fw-la exempla_fw-la romanorum_fw-la concilio_n sapientiunt_fw-la constituit_fw-la and_o among_o other_o law_n of_o he_o in_o the_o same_o bede_n that_o be_v one_o in_o special_a for_o privilege_n ecclesiae_fw-la episcopi_fw-la &_o reliquorum_fw-la ordinum_fw-la that_o this_o may_v also_o extend_v to_o the_o great_a privilege_n of_o parliament_n i_o can_v the_o rather_o believe_v from_o the_o law_n of_o the_o say_a king_n ethelbert_n yet_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o old_a book_n of_o rochester_n textus_fw-la roffensis_fw-la of_o which_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n unto_o who_o we_o owe_v so_o much_o for_o all_o antiquity_n where_o after_o provision_n for_o the_o thing_n of_o god_n and_o the_o church_n to_o which_o st._n edward_n law_n allude_v the_o next_o act_n be_v for_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n it_o seem_v be_v for_o the_o punish_n and_o sore_o fine_v of_o those_o that_o shall_v do_v any_o damage_n give_v kyne_v his_o leode_n to_o he_o gehate_v etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o old_a chronicle_n of_o canterbury_n we_o read_v of_o this_o king_n ethelbert_n be_v at_o canterbury_n with_o his_o queen_n and_o son_n and_o the_o archbishop_n austin_n caeterisque_fw-la optimatibus_fw-la convocato_fw-la ibidem_fw-la communi_fw-la concilio_n tam_fw-la cleri_fw-la quam_fw-la populi_n with_o divers_a other_o proof_n for_o parliament_n in_o charter_n to_o that_o church_n in_o print_n and_o spot_n deserve_v as_o much_o one_o thing_n i_o must_v not_o omit_v that_o bede_n observe_v how_o religion_n be_v preach_v both_o to_o the_o king_n and_o to_o the_o count_n omnibus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la say_v there_o be_v a_o licence_n grant_v for_o public_a preach_v but_o when_o the_o king_n and_o divers_a great_a man_n be_v convert_v and_o baptize_v yet_o there_o be_v no_o force_n use_v to_o compel_v other_o to_o be_v of_o that_o religion_n because_o he_o say_v they_o be_v teach_v that_o christ_n service_n must_v be_v voluntary_a and_o not_o force_v but_o the_o mirror_n tell_v we_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v to_o compel_v man_n to_o salvation_n o_o happy_a man_n or_o unhappy_a king_n but_o the_o britain_n will_v not_o be_v force_v from_o their_o rite_n by_o austin_n the_o monk_n absque_fw-la suae_fw-la gentis_fw-la &_o imprimis_fw-la senatorum_fw-la suffragio_fw-la as_o a_o learned_a man_n translate_v king_n alfred_n saxon_a bede_n which_o be_v also_o very_o clear_a in_o several_a place_n for_o settle_v of_o christian_a religion_n when_o it_o be_v free_o choose_v with_o destruction_n of_o pagan_a idolatry_n with_o lent_n and_o other_o thing_n confirm_v by_o divers_a act_n of_o parliament_n in_o time_n of_o ercombert_n and_o king_n edwin_n mid_a his_o witum_n &_o mid_a his_o ealdormanum_fw-la so_o be_v the_o old_a book_n of_o peterburgh_n for_o a_o parliament_n or_o heatfield_n with_o which_o we_o may_v compare_v somewhat_o in_o engulf_n and_o more_o in_o bede_n ethelward_n and_o huntingdon_n about_o the_o parliament_n which_o receive_v and_o confirm_v the_o general_a council_n and_o that_o which_o establish_v the_o division_n of_o parish_n and_o patronage_n of_o church_n of_o which_o stow_n and_o the_o antiquity_n of_o canterbury_n but_o especial_o a_o manuscript_n in_o camdridge_n cite_v by_o mr._n wheelock_n on_o the_o four_o or_o five_o of_o bede_n i_o shall_v not_o digress_v to_o sigesberts_n sound_v the_o university_n of_o cambridge_n have_v not_o king_n alfred_n himself_o in_o this_o add_v good_a note_n to_o bede_n by_o which_o we_o may_v see_v whence_o he_o learn_v what_o so_o many_o say_v he_o do_v to_o oxford_n the_o young_a sister_n for_o which_o polydore_n be_v plain_a enough_o beside_o so_o many_o better_a elder_a author_n it_o be_v also_o considerable_a that_o king_n alfred_n call_v cambridge_n or_o grantacestre_n a_o city_n which_o bede_n will_v make_v a_o civitatula_fw-la how_o little_a it_o may_v then_o be_v make_v by_o the_o dane_n or_o other_o i_o know_v not_o but_o in_o old_a nennius_n of_o the_o british_a city_n i_o find_v cair_a granth_n next_o before_o cair_a londen_n and_o sir_n simon_n d'_fw-fr ewe_n affirm_v it_o to_o be_v rank_v before_o london_n in_o gildas_n albarius_fw-la and_o a_o old_a saxon_a anonymus_fw-la beside_o that_o of_o the_o old_a but_o not_o the_o old_a book_n of_o doomsday_n nor_o must_v i_o omit_v the_o record_n of_o richard_n the_o first_o for_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n of_o cambridge_n find_v by_o a_o jury_n in_o a_o assize_n of_o darrein_a presentment_n for_o the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o cambridge_n of_o which_o the_o great_a judge_n in_o his_o report_n or_o commentary_n to_o which_o i_o may_v add_v what_o the_o saxon_a chronology_n speak_v of_o grante_n briege_n at_o the_o year_n 875_o and_o 921_o where_o we_o also_o find_v a_o ancient_a military_a sacrament_n or_o great_a oath_n of_o fealty_n more_o to_o be_v mark_v than_o may_v seem_v at_o first_o view_n come_v we_o to_o the_o saxon_a law_n extant_a in_o print_n they_o begin_v with_o king_n ina_n who_o some_o will_v have_v to_o be_v a_o britain_n but_o in_o the_o confessor_n act_n he_o be_v style_v optimus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la qui_fw-la electus_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la per_fw-la angelum_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la primum_fw-la obtinuit_fw-la monarchum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la huius_fw-la post_fw-la adventum_fw-la angliorum_fw-la and_o that_o himself_o and_o other_o of_o his_o people_n match_v with_o the_o britain_n but_o per_fw-la communae_fw-la concilium_fw-la &_o assensum_fw-la omnium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la &_o principum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la seniorum_fw-la &_o populorum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la not_o only_o a_o clear_a proof_n for_o parliament_n in_o king_n ina_n time_n but_o a_o good_a comment_n on_o his_o law_n in_o print_n provide_v about_o match_n dowry_n and_o woman_n three_o and_o all_o by_o parliament_n as_o the_o proem_n itself_o express_v beside_o king_n edward_n law_n and_o for_o the_o saxon_a militia_n a_o phrase_n use_v by_o bede_n himself_o nam_n egressi_fw-la contra_fw-la gevissorum_fw-la gentem_fw-la omnes_fw-la pariter_fw-la cum_fw-la suà _fw-la militia_n corruerunt_fw-la king_n ina_n law_n afford_v we_o divers_a act_n of_o parliament_n provide_v against_o thief_n riot_n rout_n and_o all_o unlawful_a assembly_n in_o several_a degree_n and_o branch_n as_o also_o for_o officer_n of_o the_o militia_n to_o be_v ready_a on_o a_o great_a fine_a to_o march_v upon_o all_o just_a occasion_n with_o which_o we_o may_v compare_v mr._n lambert_n custos_fw-la paganus_fw-la sithecundman_n which_o some_o will_v have_v to_o be_v the_o father_n to_o our_o sideman_n see_v whithred_n military_a doom_n egbert_n be_v by_o all_o esteem_v a_o great_a if_o not_o the_o first_o monarch_n of_o the_o saxon_n a_o great_a warrior_n and_o a_o conqueror_n but_o yet_o he_o neither_o make_v or_o manage_v the_o militia_n without_o a_o great_a common_a council_n or_o parliament_n for_o which_o beside_o all_o other_o we_o have_v a_o clear_a proof_n in_o the_o old_a abbot_n of_o croyland_n to_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a charter_n confirm_v coram_fw-la pontificibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la majoribus_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la which_o be_v all_o together_o at_o london_n consult_v how_o to_o provide_v against_o the_o danish_a pirate_n pro_fw-la concilio_n capiendo_fw-la contra_fw-la danicos_fw-la piratas_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o also_o majores_fw-la in_o this_o place_n may_v denote_v some_o low_a than_o earl_n or_o lord_n may_v not_o only_o be_v gather_v from_o
the_o subscription_n to_o that_o charter_n but_o from_o bede_n or_o other_o old_a author_n that_o use_v the_o phrase_n majores_fw-la of_o such_o officer_n or_o magistrate_n as_o mayor_n in_o city_n now_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o which_o i_o may_v give_v divers_a example_n it_o be_v worth_a observe_n how_o in_o these_o danish_a storm_n all_o historian_n make_v the_o count_n or_o great_a shireeve_v to_o be_v general_n or_o commander_n of_o the_o militia_n and_o of_o these_o i_o know_v none_o more_o famous_a than_o dorsetshire_n reeve_n ethelhem_n in_o the_o great_a battle_n of_o hampton_n or_o in_o that_o about_o port_n of_o which_o so_o many_o write_v at_o the_o dane_n first_o land_v thereabouts_o danigeld_a be_v scarce_o so_o ancient_a yet_o this_o also_o be_v grant_v for_o provision_n against_o danish_a pirate_n as_o st._n edward_n law_n affirm_v who_o first_o remit_v this_o tax_n but_o it_o come_v up_o again_o about_o forty_o year_n after_o it_o have_v be_v divert_v from_o its_o first_o institution_n and_o pay_v as_o tribute_n to_o the_o dane_n but_o this_o be_v also_o by_o parliament_n of_o which_o ingulph_n and_o hoveden_n with_o all_o about_o etheldred_n and_o edward_n i_o must_v not_o digress_v to_o the_o parliament_n of_o winchester_n in_o king_n egbert_n son_n in_o which_o ten_o of_o land_n as_o other_o tithe_n be_v confirm_v for_o church-glebe_n of_o which_o the_o saxon_a chronologie_n with_o ethelward_n hoveden_n the_o abbot_n of_o croyland_n the_o monk_n of_o malmsbury_n and_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n with_o divers_z other_o before_o polydore_v to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v king_n edgar_n oration_n to_o st._n dunstan_n which_o be_v know_v enough_o as_o also_o the_o wednesday_n mass_n one_o for_o the_o king_n and_o the_o other_o pro_fw-la ducibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n consentientibus_fw-la the_o charter_n be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o king_n archbishop_n duke_n earls_z and_o procerum_fw-la totius_fw-la terrae_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la fidelium_fw-la infinita_fw-la multitudine_fw-la i_o shall_v not_o omit_v the_o parliament_n confirm_v romescot_n much_o mistake_v by_o divers_a it_o be_v grant_v by_o king_n ina_n then_o by_o offa_n and_o again_o by_o king_n ethelwoolf_n not_o to_o the_o pope_n as_o it_o be_v general_o think_v but_o to_o the_o english_a school_n or_o alms-house_n for_o pilgrim_n at_o rome_n yet_o it_o be_v call_v peter-pence_n because_o fix_v on_o peters-day_n a_o famous_a day_n in_o our_o law_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o second_o of_o westminster_n and_o other_o parliament_n but_o it_o may_v be_v call_v peter-pence_n from_o king_n ina_n who_o at_o his_o baptism_n in_o rome_n the_o pope_n name_n peter_n as_o the_o saxon_a chronicle_n other_o or_o there_o may_v be_v as_o much_o reason_n for_o peter-pence_n as_o there_o be_v for_o peterburg_n which_o be_v medhamsted_n but_o vow_n may_v be_v perform_v or_o absolve_v here_o as_o well_o as_o at_o st._n peter_n threshold_n in_o rome_n and_o hence_o the_o name_n of_o peterburg_n but_o of_o peter-pence_n before_o polydore_v we_o read_v in_o much_o old_a historian_n especial_o the_o author_n of_o king_n offa_n life_n now_o print_v with_o matthew_n paris_n beside_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edgar_n canutus_n edmund_n and_o the_o confessor_n where_o it_o be_v call_v eleemosynae_fw-la regis_fw-la but_o in_o the_o saxon_a chronology_n it_o be_v kynninge_n and_o west_n seaxena_n almessan_n and_o in_o king_n alfred_n life_n by_o asser_n menevensis_n eleemosynae_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o anglo-saxonum_n be_v confirm_v by_o common_a assent_n or_o parliament_n i_o must_v omit_v the_o parliament_n at_o kingsbury_n where_o among_o other_o divers_a matter_n a_o great_a charter_n be_v confirm_v to_o crowland_n vnanimi_fw-la consensu_fw-la totius_fw-la concilii_fw-la pro_fw-la regni_fw-la negotiis_fw-la congregati_fw-la subscribe_v by_o the_o king_n of_o mercia_n archbishop_n bishop_n earls_z etc._n etc._n and_o among_o other_o by_o offâ—at_a who_o be_v pincerna_n regis_fw-la ethelwoolphi_n &_o legatus_fw-la ipsius_fw-la &_o filiorum_fw-la nomine_fw-la illorum_fw-la &_o omnium_n west-saxonum_n as_o we_o be_v tell_v by_o the_o old_a abbot_n who_o know_v it_o well_o i_o may_v pass_v over_o king_n alfred_n parliament_n so_o the_o famous_a in_o all_o historian_n and_o lawyer_n but_o in_o none_o i_o know_v clear_a than_o in_o the_o old_a mirror_n of_o which_o before_o for_o alfred_n and_o his_o parliament_n twice_o every_o year_n in_o london_n with_o which_o we_o may_v compare_v one_o passage_n in_o the_o confessor_n law_n touch_v this_o great_a and_o old_a city_n but_o of_o this_o hereafter_o this_o be_v the_o learned_a king_n who_o peruse_v all_o the_o old_a trojan_a grecian_a british_a molmutian_a mercian_n danish_n and_o saxon_a law_n especial_o those_o of_o ina_n offa_n and_o king_n ethelbert_n cum_fw-la consulto_fw-la sapientum_fw-la partim_fw-la innovanda_fw-la curavit_fw-la as_o himself_o speak_v and_o his_o law_n be_v establish_v by_o parliament_n by_o his_o witan_n or_o witena_n atque_fw-la eye_v omnibus_fw-la placuit_fw-la edici_fw-la eorum_fw-la observatione_fw-la as_o learned_a lambert_n translate_v the_o saxon._n but_o i_o may_v not_o omit_v king_n alfred_n doomsday-book_n make_v by_o such_o common_a council_n the_o great_a roll_n of_o winchester_n which_o be_v again_o renew_v by_o the_o confessor_n and_o then_o again_o by_o king_n william_n the_o first_o and_o then_o also_o call_v the_o roll_n of_o winchester_n and_o doomsday_n as_o before_o of_o which_o old_a ingulph_n with_o natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la yet_o it_o seem_v that_o before_o king_n alfred_n time_n there_o be_v such_o a_o doom-book_n make_v by_o ethelwoolf_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o church-glebe_n of_o which_o book_n the_o saxon_a chronology_n at_o the_o year_n 854._o but_o this_o might_n rather_o be_v a_o land-book_n whence_o the_o phrase_n of_o booeland_n see_v king_n alfred_n will_n annex_v to_o asser._n but_o we_o also_o find_v a_o ancient_a doom-book_n for_o their_o law_n and_o matter_n judicial_a of_o which_o doom-book_n we_o read_v in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o senior_n strict_o charge_v all_o the_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n to_o be_v just_a and_o equitable_a nec_fw-la quicquam_fw-la formident_fw-la quin_fw-la jus_o communae_fw-la audacter_fw-la libereque_fw-la dicant_fw-la according_o to_o the_o doom-book_n and_o again_o in_o edgar_n law_n we_o find_v the_o doom-book_n for_o tithe_n and_o the_o famous_a kyricseat_n these_o succeed_a king_n alfred_n but_o long_o before_o his_o time_n among_o the_o doom_n of_o wither_a make_v about_o the_o year_n 697._o by_o the_o king_n and_o bishop_n cum_fw-la caeteris_fw-la ordinibus_fw-la and_o military-man_n or_o milites_fw-la at_o berghamsted_n a_o fine_a be_v set_v upon_o a_o commander_n find_v in_o adultery_n spretta_n sententia_fw-la regis_fw-la episcopi_fw-la &_o boecâ—-doom_n i_o can_v believe_v king_n ethelbert_n parliament_n be_v author_n to_o this_o doom-book_n of_o which_o the_o roll_n of_o rochester_n than_o doomas_n dhe_v athelbirth_n cyne_v with_o rihtra_n dooma_n in_o the_o forecited_n place_n of_o ethelbert_n in_o the_o saxon_a bede_n of_o king_n alfred_n how_o severe_a his_o doom_n be_v to_o the_o count_n old_a shireeve_v and_o judge_n we_o find_v in_o asser_n more_o in_o horn_n and_o his_o kirk-doom_n in_o his_o law_n which_o do_v also_o speak_v of_o kiric-ealdor_a a_o church-eld_a but_o again_o to_o the_o saxon_a militia_n in_o alfred_n time_n there_o be_v a_o league_n make_v with_o the_o dane_n then_o the_o title_n be_v foedus_fw-la quod_fw-la aluredus_fw-la &_o guthrunus_fw-la regis_fw-la ferierunt_fw-la ex_fw-la sapientum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la consulto_fw-la confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o saxon_a chronologer_n add_v that_o the_o dane_n swear_v to_o the_o peace_n and_o promise_v to_o be_v baptize_v as_o he_o also_o be_v and_o king_n alfred_n be_v his_o godfather_n name_v he_o ethelstane_n some_o add_v a_o daughter_n of_o king_n alfred_n for_o his_o wife_n which_o may_v be_v worth_a inquire_n more_o than_o now_o may_v seem_v the_o article_n of_o this_o league_n be_v again_o renew_v and_o enlarge_v by_o parliament_n in_o edward_n the_o elder_a a_o sapientibus_fw-la recitata_fw-la sapius_fw-la atque_fw-la ad_fw-la communem_fw-la regni_fw-la vtilitatem_fw-la aucta_fw-la atque_fw-la amplificata_fw-la in_o the_o preface_n to_o those_o statute_n in_o this_o edward_n reign_n there_o be_v a_o insurrection_n and_o ethelwald_n seize_v on_o winborn_n etc._n etc._n who_o charge_n and_o crime_n be_v this_o that_o he_o do_v such_o a_o act_n without_o permission_n of_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n but_o a_o tde_n kyning_n leaf_n ac_fw-la his_o witena_n so_o the_o saxon._n and_o malmsbury_n add_v that_o à _fw-la proceribus_fw-la in_o exilium_fw-la trusus_fw-la piratus_fw-la adduxerat_fw-la but_o the_o king_n summon_v a_o parliament_n at_o exon_n and_o there_o mid_a his_o witan_n consult_v how_o the_o kingdom_n peace_n may_v be_v restore_v and_o preserve_v orabat_fw-la uchementer_fw-la &_o obtestabatur_fw-la such_o be_v his_o mean_a to_o the_o parliament_n hoc_fw-la unum_fw-la curent_fw-la ne_fw-la
the_o close_a be_v acta_fw-la haec_fw-la &_o confirmata_fw-la apud_fw-la londonium_n communi_fw-la concilio_n omnium_fw-la primatum_fw-la meorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n i_o shall_v be_v unjust_a to_o our_o law_n if_o i_o shall_v omit_v the_o process_n and_o plea_n of_o morgan_n hen_n against_o howell_n dha_n the_o good_a prince_n of_o wales_n upon_o complaint_n they_o be_v both_o summon_v by_o king_n edgar_n ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la and_o their_o plea_n be_v pacate_o hear_v in_o pleno_fw-la concilio_n &_o repertum_fw-la est_fw-la justo_fw-la judicio_fw-la curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la quod_fw-la howell_n dha_n nequiter_fw-la egisset_fw-la extra_fw-la morgan_n hen_n &_o filium_fw-la svi_fw-la huwen_n &_o depulsus_fw-la est_fw-la howell_n dha_n ab_fw-la he_o duabus_fw-la terris_fw-la the_o land_n then_o in_o question_n sine_fw-la recuperatione_n &_o postea_fw-la rex_fw-la edgarus_n dedit_fw-la &_o concessit_fw-la hueno_fw-it morgan_n hen_n illas_fw-la dvas_fw-la terras_fw-la istradum_fw-la &_o euwias_fw-la in_o episcopatu_fw-la landas_n constituas_fw-la sicuti_fw-la svam_fw-la propriam_fw-la hereditatem_fw-la &_o illas_fw-la easdem_fw-la dvas_fw-la terras_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o heredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la per_fw-la chartam_fw-la svam_fw-la sine_fw-la calumpnia_fw-la alicujus_fw-la terreni_fw-la hominis_fw-la confirmavit_fw-la communi_fw-la nostro_fw-la assensu_fw-la &_o testimonio_fw-la omnium_fw-la archiepiscoporum_fw-la episcop_n abbatum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o walliae_fw-la factum_fw-la est_fw-la coram_fw-la rege_fw-la edgaro_n in_o pleno_fw-la concilio_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o record_n of_o king_n edgar_n be_v in_o codicae_fw-la landavensi_fw-la fol._n 103._o i_o find_v it_o cite_v by_o the_o great_a antiquary_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n and_o it_o may_v be_v compare_v with_o the_o monk_n of_o malmsbury_n and_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n i_o must_v not_o relate_v the_o vision_n or_o prediction_n of_o the_o fate_n of_o this_o kingdom_n which_o historian_n record_v about_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edgar_n they_o be_v in_o print_n and_o may_v be_v read_v of_o all_o beside_o the_o prophecy_n of_o both_o the_o merlin_n for_o the_o scottish_a merlin_n be_v full_a and_o plain_a than_o the_o british_a in_o vortiger_n time_n that_o i_o say_v nothing_o of_o cadwallader_n vision_n or_o alans_n council_n which_o be_v long_o before_o the_o other_o alane_n write_v on_o merlin_n or_o of_o the_o famous_a eagle_n of_o shaftsbury_n that_o agree_v with_o other_o in_o the_o britain_n recover_n their_o kingdom_n again_o after_o their_o grand_a visit_n at_o rome_n whence_o they_o must_v bring_v cadwallader_n bone_n this_o lead_v i_o also_o to_o the_o sibyl_n prophecy_n of_o three_o british_a prince_n that_o shall_v conquer_v rome_n brennus_n be_v one_o king_n arthur_n some_o make_v the_o second_o et_fw-la quis_fw-la fuit_fw-la alter_fw-la and_o of_o these_o sibyl_n or_o one_o of_o they_o send_v a_o book_n to_o king_n bladud_n so_o famous_a for_o the_o bath_n and_o greek-school_n or_o university_n at_o stamford_n the_o scotish_n merlin_n seem_v to_o have_v write_v if_o among_o other_o i_o mistake_v not_o baleus_n but_o of_o edgar_n parliament_n one_o be_v at_o salisbury_n so_o we_o read_v in_o chaucer_n or_o the_o old_a fructus_fw-la temporum_fw-la by_o julian_n notary_n at_o st._n alban_n and_o of_o another_o of_o his_o parliament_n at_o bath_n the_o saxon_a chronology_n at_o the_o year_n 973._o his_o law_n be_v now_o print_v and_o their_o title_n be_v the_o act_n of_o king_n edgar_n and_o his_o parliament_n mid_a his_o witena_n getheate_v ger_v etc._n etc._n here_o we_o find_v much_o considerable_a of_o thanes_z which_o all_o will_v have_v to_o be_v nobleman_n but_o it_o must_v be_v with_o they_o a_o saxon_a word_n and_o dhenian_a be_v to_o serve_v whence_o the_o prince_n motto_n i_fw-mi dhaen_n for_o so_o it_o shall_v rather_o be_v than_o in_o dutch_a ich_fw-mi dieu_fw-fr but_o why_o 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of_o grieve_n or_o grave_n suit_v well_o with_o elder_n hanes_n or_o senator_n with_o which_o we_o may_v compare_v the_o phrase_n of_o seniores_fw-la which_o we_o read_v so_o oft_o in_o gildas_n nennius_n monmouth_n and_o other_o of_o the_o british_a and_o first_o saxon_n time_n in_o britain_n i_o shall_v be_v tedious_a in_o but_o glance_v over_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o edgar_n time_n that_o of_o the_o standard_n at_o winchester_n be_v considerable_a and_o that_o of_o one_o coin_n through_o all_o the_o kingdom_n the_o mirror_n be_v plain_a in_o make_v it_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o saxon_a time_n that_o no_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n shall_v change_v his_o money_n or_o embase_v or_o enhanse_v it_o or_o make_v other_o but_o of_o silver_n sans_o l'_fw-fr assent_n de_fw-fr tout_fw-fr ses_fw-fr counties_n which_o the_o translator_n be_v bold_a to_o turn_v without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o all_o the_o commons_o we_o may_v not_o omit_v the_o act_n against_o 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merciae_n quae_fw-la legibus_fw-la anglorum_fw-la gubernatur_fw-la aefter_o aengla-lage_n post_fw-la anglis_fw-la lagam_fw-la as_o a_o old_a author_n turn_v it_o in_o those_o act_n we_o read_v of_o ordale_n sythan_n the_o gemot_n waes_fw-la aet_fw-la bromdune_n post_v bromdune_n concilium_fw-la it_o seem_v a_o parliament_n and_o again_o jussum_fw-la ac_fw-la scitum_fw-la hoc_fw-la nostrum_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la neglexerit_fw-la aut_fw-la profuâ_fw-la cuique_fw-la virili_fw-la parte_fw-la non_fw-la obierit_fw-la ex_fw-la nostra_fw-la omnium_fw-la sententiâ_fw-la regi_fw-la 100_o dependito_fw-la by_o which_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o parliament_n and_o not_o the_o king_n only_o that_o make_v those_o law_n that_o which_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n call_v concilium_fw-la ae_n 〈…〉_z e_o generale_fw-mi be_v clear_o one_o of_o king_n ethelred_n parliament_n and_o the_o very_a title_n be_v de_fw-fr witena_n geâ—ednessan_n and_o tha_z geraednessa_n the_o englaraed_n witan_fw-mi gee_fw-mi 〈…〉_z etc._n etc._n and_o divers_a chapter_n begin_v witena_n geraednesse_n be_v enact_v by_o parliament_n and_o the_o old_a latin_a copy_n of_o this_o parliament_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o it_o be_v vniversi_fw-la anglorum_fw-la optimates_fw-la ethelredi_fw-la regis_fw-la edicto_fw-la &_o convocato_fw-la plebis_fw-la multitudine_fw-la collectae_fw-la regis_fw-la edicto_fw-la a_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o for_o choice_n of_o the_o commons_o a_o full_a and_o clear_a parliament_n in_o this_o parliament_n be_v divers_a act_n for_o the_o militia_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n as_o most_o parliament_n after_o king_n edgar_n and_o among_o other_o for_o castle_n fort_n city_n bridge_n and_o time_n of_o the_o fleet_n set_v out_o to_o sea_n it_o be_v make_v treason_n for_o any_o to_o destroy_v a_o ship_n that_o be_v provide_v for_o the_o state-service_n navem_fw-la in_o reipublicae_fw-la expeditionem_fw-la designatam_fw-la as_o a_o learned_a man_n translate_v the_o saxon._n and_o no_o soldier_n must_v depart_v without_o leave_n on_o forfeit_n of_o all_o his_o estate_n none_o may_v oppose_v the_o law_n but_o his_o head_n or_o a_o grievous_a mulct_n according_a to_o the_o offence_n quality_n must_v recompense_v it_o be_v here_o also_o enact_v that_o efferatur_fw-la
and_o wherever_o these_o be_v find_v release_v as_o to_o peterburg_n canterbury_n westminster_n but_o especial_o to_o glassenbury_n the_o first_o and_o old_a church_n in_o britain_n fons_n &_o origo_fw-la totius_fw-la religionis_fw-la it_o may_v be_v a_o clear_a demonstration_n of_o the_o parliament_n assent_v to_o such_o a_o charter_n for_o otherwise_o they_o can_v not_o be_v dispense_v with_o by_o the_o king_n as_o we_o may_v find_v express_v in_o divers_a charter_n as_o in_o those_o of_o crowland_n which_o yet_o have_v great_a immunity_n and_o of_o that_o restriction_n matth._n paris_n may_v afford_v we_o the_o true_a reason_n because_o those_o three_o be_v settle_v for_o the_o kingdom_n propter_fw-la publicam_fw-la regni_fw-la vtilitatem_fw-la ut_fw-la per_fw-la ea_fw-la resisterent_fw-la hostium_fw-la in_o cursibus_fw-la and_o k._n william_n law_n castel_n &_o burg._n &_o civit._fw-la fundatae_fw-la &_o aedificatae_fw-la ad_fw-la tuit_fw-la gent._n &_o popul_n regni_fw-la &_o 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on_o plain_a english_a ground_n with_o two_o foot_n as_o other_o man_n the_o left_a and_o the_o weak_a be_v succession_n to_o edward_n who_o kinsman_n he_o be_v and_o heir_n by_o will_n as_o appear_v by_o divers_a passage_n in_o these_o very_a law_n of_o saint_n edward_n and_o william_n which_o may_v be_v see_v and_o read_v of_o all_o but_o the_o right_a leg_n with_o the_o strong_a and_o best_a foot_n he_o have_v to_o stand_v upon_o be_v the_o people_n assent_n consent_n acceptance_n and_o election_n which_o we_o shall_v yet_o more_o full_o clear_a when_o we_o discuss_v the_o right_n of_o succession_n or_o election_n to_o this_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n but_o for_o the_o present_a it_o may_v suffice_v to_o observe_v that_o all_o these_o law_n we_o now_o have_v of_o king_n edward_n come_v to_o we_o through_o the_o hand_n and_o grant_v and_o confirmation_n of_o king_n william_n the_o norman_a and_o no_o otherwise_o which_o i_o need_v not_o prove_v to_o any_o that_o have_v either_o read_v or_o see_v the_o law_n themselves_o of_o which_o we_o speak_v for_o in_o the_o very_a title_n and_o preface_n thereof_o beside_o divers_a other_o passage_n in_o they_o all_o this_o and_o much_o more_o be_v full_o relate_v and_o record_v for_o it_o be_v there_o also_o further_o add_v that_o all_o those_o law_n be_v so_o present_v to_o the_o say_a king_n william_n by_o a_o swear_a jury_n out_o of_o every_o county_n who_o do_v also_o assert_v that_o these_o which_o they_o do_v present_a as_o the_o law_n of_o st._n edward_n be_v the_o undoubted_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o have_v also_o be_v collect_v into_o a_o body_n by_o king_n edgar_n and_o continue_v though_o sopite_fw-la through_o the_o trouble_v of_o succeed_a king_n till_o edward_n have_v the_o leisure_n to_o renew_v or_o rather_o confirm_v what_o be_v the_o law_n before_o nay_o when_o among_o all_o those_o law_n king_n william_n do_v most_o incline_v to_o those_o which_o come_v from_o norway_n whence_o his_o ancestor_n and_o lord_n have_v issue_v forth_o and_o where_o a_o bastard_n may_v inherit_v all_o the_o patriarch_n of_o england_n compatriotae_fw-la regni_fw-la qui_fw-la leges_fw-la edixerant_fw-la do_v so_o move_v and_o press_v he_o with_o such_o argument_n as_o may_v again_o be_v well_o consider_v that_o at_o length_n in_o parliament_n concilio_n habito_fw-la precatis_fw-la baronum_fw-la the_o king_n himself_o consent_v as_o they_o do_v desire_v this_o be_v express_v in_o his_o own_o law_n and_o by_o his_o own_o desire_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v one_o of_o those_o entrust_v with_o enrol_v or_o record_v of_o those_o law_n which_o to_o that_o very_a king_n and_o to_o his_o successor_n to_o this_o very_a day_n become_v one_o special_a clause_n of_o the_o coronation-oath_n which_o be_v to_o confirm_v all_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o especial_o the_o law_n of_o st._n edward_n call_v the_o confessor_n and_o one_o of_o king_n william_n own_o law_n be_v that_o all_o man_n observe_v and_o keep_v the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n in_o all_o thing_n adauctis_fw-la his_fw-la quas_fw-la constituimus_fw-la ad_fw-la vtilitatem_fw-la anglorum_fw-la if_o this_o be_v not_o yet_o clear_a enough_o for_o the_o law_n themselves_o which_o be_v now_o extant_a and_o may_v be_v read_v and_o know_v of_o all_o we_o may_v confirm_v it_o much_o by_o ingulph_n live_v at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o bring_v those_o law_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n from_o london_n to_o his_o crowland_n with_o such_o a_o endorsement_n or_o title_n of_o his_o own_o make_n leges_fw-la aequissimi_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la quas_fw-la dominus_fw-la meus_fw-la inclitus_fw-la rex_fw-la willielmus_fw-la autenticas_fw-la esse_fw-la &_o perpetuas_fw-la per_fw-la totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la inviolabiliterque_fw-la tenendas_fw-la sub_fw-la poenis_fw-la gravissimis_fw-la proclamarat_fw-la &_o suis_fw-la justitiis_fw-la commendarat_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o be_v like_a enough_o to_o know_v it_o and_o the_o old_a book_n of_o litchfield_n cite_v in_o the_o great_a report_n beside_o that_o of_o the_o jury_n from_o every_o county_n add_v also_o that_o the_o same_o king_n william_n do_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o baron_n call_v by_o writ_n of_o summons_n summoniri_fw-la fecit_fw-la all_o the_o noble_n wiseman_n elder_n of_o the_o witan_n and_o learned_a lawyer_n in_o each_o county_n and_o in_o that_o great_a parliament_n ad_fw-la preces_fw-la communitatis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la rex_fw-la acquievit_fw-la etc._n etc._n confirm_v all_o by_o common_a council_n this_o of_o litchsield_n be_v now_o print_v in_o several_a place_n and_o roger_n hoveden_n agree_v in_o henry_n the_o second_o nor_o do_v he_o only_o confirm_v but_o in_o some_o thing_n mitigate_v and_o in_o divers_a explain_v and_o clear_v what_o may_v seem_v obscure_a or_o heavy_a to_o the_o people_n ad_fw-la vtilitatem_fw-la anglorum_fw-la his_o law_n be_v now_o print_v both_o with_o mr._n selden_n note_n on_o eadmerus_n and_o with_o mr._n wheelock_n impression_n of_o the_o saxon_a law_n and_o history_n with_o a_o very_a good_a preface_n of_o sir_n roger_n twisden_n they_o do_v oblige_v we_o much_o that_o love_n and_o clear_a our_o law_n so_o far_o as_o just_a and_o good_a what_o emendation_n and_o addition_n king_n william_n make_v to_o st._n edward_n law_n in_o this_o also_o of_o the_o militia_n we_o have_v observe_v before_o at_o our_o unexpected_a entrance_n on_o this_o question_n which_o be_v not_o at_o all_o intend_a to_o be_v once_o so_o much_o as_o touch_v but_o in_o one_o parenthesis_n which_o be_v past_o recovery_n before_o this_o discourse_n be_v so_o much_o as_o design_v but_o now_o have_v wander_v so_o much_o and_o so_o far_o beyond_o my_o own_o purpose_n as_o well_o as_o my_o subject_n i_o can_v almost_o be_v persuade_v to_o step_v a_o little_a further_o and_o to_o touch_v i_o must_v no_o more_o upon_o some_o few_o passage_n between_o the_o conquest_n as_o they_o
with_o the_o statute_n of_o king_n william_n after_o the_o saxon_a law_n i_o must_v but_o run_v and_o glance_n his_o charter_n acknowledge_v his_o crown_n to_o the_o mercy_n of_o god_n and_o the_o common_a council_n communi_fw-la concilio_n &_o assensu_fw-la baronum_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la it_o confirm_v king_n edward_n law_n with_o all_o those_o emendation_n which_o king_n william_n add_v for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o forbid_v all_o levy_n nay_o the_o monetagium_fw-la commune_fw-la but_o what_o be_v agree_v and_o settle_v in_o king_n edward_n reign_n and_o the_o test_n of_o that_o charter_n be_v by_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n baron_n comitatibus_fw-la vice-comitatibus_a &_o optimatibus_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la apud_fw-la westmonasterienses_n quando_fw-la coronatus_n fui_fw-la this_o be_v copy_v out_o into_o every_o county_n and_o keep_v in_o every_o abbey_n so_o much_o also_o we_o find_v in_o matthew_n paris_n of_o his_o charter_n to_o london_n i_o may_v touch_v in_o another_o place_n this_o i_o must_v not_o omit_v in_o his_o law_n sive_fw-la agenda_fw-la proecipiat_v levia_fw-la permittat_fw-la hortatur_fw-la maxima_fw-la vitanda_fw-la prohibeat_fw-la yet_o still_o the_o law_n must_v be_v manifesta_fw-la justa_fw-la honesta_fw-la &_o possibilis_fw-la a_o kind_n of_o sacred_a tetragram_n it_o be_v the_o four_o chapter_n and_o the_o next_o be_v the_o basis_n or_o foundation_n of_o our_o law_n process_n and_o of_o all_o judicial_n in_o all_o cause_n accuser_n party_n or_o defender_n witness_n and_o judge_n be_v and_o must_v be_v distinct_a nec_fw-la perigrina_fw-la sint_fw-la judicia_fw-la vel_fw-la a_o non_fw-la svo_fw-la judice_fw-la vel_fw-la loco_fw-la vel_fw-la tempore_fw-la celebrata_fw-la nec_fw-la inâ—e_a dubia_fw-la vel_fw-la absente_n accusato_fw-la dicta_fw-la sit_fw-la sententia_fw-la etc._n etc._n nihil_fw-la fiat_fw-la absque_fw-la accusatore_fw-la nam_fw-la deus_fw-la &_o dominus_fw-la noster_fw-la jesus_n christus_fw-la judam_fw-la furem_fw-la esse_fw-la sciebat_fw-la sed_fw-la quia_fw-la non_fw-la accusatus_fw-la ideo_fw-la non_fw-la abreptus_fw-la testes_fw-la legitimi_fw-la sint_fw-la &_o present_n absque_fw-la ulla_fw-la imfamia_fw-la vel_fw-la suspicion_n vel_fw-la manifesta_fw-la macula_n recte_fw-la sacerdotes_fw-la accusare_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la laicos_fw-la nec_fw-la oportet_fw-la quemquam_fw-la judicari_fw-la vel_fw-la dampnari_fw-la priusquam_fw-la legitimos_fw-la accusatores_fw-la habeat_fw-la present_n locumque_fw-la defendendi_fw-la accipiat_fw-la ad_fw-la abluenda_fw-la crimina_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o again_o pulsatus_fw-la ante_fw-la suum_fw-la judicem_fw-la si_fw-la voluerit_fw-la causam_fw-la svam_fw-la dicat_fw-la &_o non_fw-la ante_fw-la suum_fw-la judicem_fw-la pulsatus_fw-la si_fw-la voluerit_fw-la taceat_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la judices_fw-la suspectos_fw-la habeat_fw-la advocet_fw-la aut_fw-la contradicat_fw-la appellantem_fw-la &_o vitiatam_fw-la causam_fw-la appellationis_fw-la remedio_fw-la sublevantem_fw-la non_fw-la debet_fw-la afflictio_fw-la vel_fw-la detentionis_fw-la injuriare_fw-la custodia_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la per_fw-la pares_fw-la suos_fw-la judicandus_fw-la est_fw-la &_o ejusdem_fw-la provinciae_fw-la quicquid_fw-la adversus_fw-la adsentes_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la a_o suis_fw-la judicibus_fw-la penitus_fw-la evacuetur_fw-la chap._n the_o 5_o and_o the_o 31th_o juramentum_fw-la debet_fw-la habere_fw-la comites_fw-la voritatem_fw-la justitiam_fw-la &_o judicium_fw-la si_fw-la ista_fw-la defecerint_fw-la non_fw-la juramentum_fw-la sed_fw-la perjurium_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la per_fw-la lapidem_fw-la falsum_fw-la jurat_fw-la perjurus_fw-la est_fw-la deus_fw-la ista_fw-la accipit_fw-la sicut_fw-la ille_fw-la cui_fw-la juratur_fw-la accipit_fw-la juramenta_fw-la silij_fw-la &_o filiae_fw-la nesciente_fw-la patre_fw-la &_o vota_fw-la monachi_fw-la nesciente_fw-la abbate_n &_o juramenta_fw-la pveri_fw-la irrito_fw-la sunt_fw-la be_v these_o the_o law_n of_o england_n or_o of_o nature_n rather_o these_o we_o owe_v to_o beauclerck_n which_o he_o owe_v much_o to_o cambridge_n see_v malm_n of_o plato_n king_n touch_v the_o militia_n beside_o that_o in_o general_n confirm_v king_n edward_n and_o king_n william_n emendation_n there_o be_v some_o particular_a as_o of_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n to_o be_v free_v from_o gild_v etc._n etc._n that_o so_o they_o may_v be_v more_o ready_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o in_o it_o the_o king_n service_n this_o agree_v with_o the_o old_a writ_n de_fw-fr essend_v quiet_a de_fw-fr tallagio_n which_o the_o tenant_n in_o chivalry_n may_v require_v of_o right_o and_o tenant_n in_o dower_n or_o widow_n have_v the_o like_a privilege_n of_o which_o the_o old_a register_n &_o natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la that_o also_o of_o edgar_n or_o canute_n for_o coward_n in_o land_n or_o sea-fight_n be_v renew_a with_o that_o of_o boocland_n as_o before_o much_o also_o of_o helfeng_n releif_n be_v agree_v and_o settle_v for_o earl_n and_o the_o king_n thayne_n with_o other_o called_z mean_a thayne_n but_o in_o some_o chapter_n thayne_n be_v equal_a to_o baron_n and_o all_o tenant_n en_fw-fr chief_a at_o clarendon_n be_v style_v baron_n and_o relief_n be_v cousin_n german_n to_o the_o saxon_a heriot_n be_v for_o the_o heir_n or_o militia_n whence_o heretoche_n in_o king_n edward_n law_n but_o the_o dutch_a here_o be_v also_o dominus_fw-la as_o senior_n in_o so_o many_o nation_n since_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o some_o will_v have_v the_o saxon_a heregeat_n to_o be_v the_o her_o be_v gait_n or_o beast_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o here_o which_o of_o old_a be_v pay_v before_o or_o rather_o than_o the_o mortuary_n and_o from_o this_o here_o some_o will_v derive_v haeres_fw-la so_o that_o all_o heir_n shall_v be_v her_o be_v or_o lord_n as_o homines_fw-la be_v yeoman_n you_o man_n or_o young_a man_n but_o homines_fw-la in_o law_n as_o with_o we_o man_n be_v servi_n such_o they_o say_v be_v yeoman_n and_o none_o gentleman_n but_o such_o as_o come_v from_o baron_n or_o at_o least_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la if_o not_o in_o ancient_a demesn_a but_o for_o this_o see_v edw._n 1._o tit._n attorney_n 103_o and_o the_o learned_a janus_n dane-geld_a be_v here_o also_o reduce_v to_o 12_o d._n the_o hyde_n as_o of_o old_a from_o which_o it_o ramble_v to_o 3_o 4_o 6_o 8_o 10_o or_o 12._o strict_a provision_n be_v also_o make_v for_o keep_v of_o arm_n and_o against_o use_v or_o lend_v they_o for_o the_o damage_n of_o other_o nay_o a_o mulct_n be_v set_v upon_o he_o who_o lance_n or_o sword_n do_v much_o trespass_n though_o against_o his_o will_n he_o be_v to_o be_v severe_o punish_v that_o disarmeth_z any_o unjust_o and_o must_v answer_v all_o the_o mischief_n that_o ensue_v such_o disarm_v to_o this_o king_n time_n belong_v the_o case_n of_o william_n the_o king_n chamberlain_n de_fw-fr londonia_n who_o refuse_v to_o find_v a_o man_n for_o the_o army_n as_o his_o tenor_n require_v but_o the_o abbot_n of_o abbingdon_n of_o who_o he_o hold_v in_o presentia_fw-la sapientum_fw-la in_o a_o witen_fw-ge moot_v rem_fw-la ventilari_fw-la fecit_fw-la etc._n etc._n unde_fw-la cum_fw-la lege_fw-la patriae_fw-la decretum_fw-la processisset_fw-la ipsum_fw-la exortem_fw-la terrae_fw-la merito_fw-la deberi_fw-la fieri_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o friend_n it_o be_v compose_v and_o the_o tenant_n enjoy_v his_o land_n i_o find_v it_o from_o sir_n robert_n cotton_v inestimable_a treasury_n cite_v by_o mr._n selden_n on_o hengham_n nor_o can_v i_o deny_v but_o this_o with_o divers_a other_o case_n may_v forfeit_v the_o land_n but_o as_o in_o case_n of_o alienation_n of_o such_o tenor_n a_o statute_n of_o edward_n the_o 3d._n provide_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o retain_v the_o forfeit_v but_o shall_v only_o take_v a_o fine_a reasonable_a which_o the_o chancery_n must_v also_o assess_v by_o due_a process_n so_o be_v our_o law_n very_o tender_a in_o all_o case_n of_o forfeit_n and_o among_o the_o old_a wyte_n wardwyte_n be_v for_o the_o militia_n be_v a_o acquittance_n of_o mercy_n to_o he_o that_o have_v not_o find_v a_o man_n for_o the_o servise_v according_a to_o his_o tenure_n of_o which_o old_a fleta_n with_o other_o the_o law_n of_o this_o king_n do_v evince_n the_o trial_n per_fw-la pares_fw-la to_o be_v long_o before_o the_o great_a charter_n nor_o will_v it_o be_v hard_a to_o show_v it_o before_z king_n henry_n and_o beside_o all_o other_o hint_n through_o elder_a time_n the_o case_n be_v well_o know_v of_o roger_n fitz_n osborn_n apprehend_v by_o tiptoft_n sheriff_n of_o worcestershire_n and_o condemn_v for_o treason_n in_o king_n william_n the_o norman_a per_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la suorum_fw-la of_o which_o ancient_a historian_n before_o the_o commentator_n on_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la i_o shall_v not_o omit_v king_n henry_n charter_n to_o the_o abbot_n of_o bee_n confirm_v his_o ancient_a custom_n and_o privilege_n prescribe_v for_o st._n edmond_n time_n for_o grand_a assize_n etc._n etc._n yet_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o assize_n lib._n 26._o pl._n 24._o and_o in_o the_o 3d._n or_o 8_o part_n of_o the_o great_a report_n and_o in_o the_o comment_n on_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 11._o but_o here_o it_o be_v from_o ethelred_n and_o edward_n the_o confessor_n one_o of_o
ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la approbetur_fw-la which_o be_v one_o clause_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o parliament_n about_o a_o war_n with_o france_n in_o edward_n the_o first_o which_o seem_v to_o speak_v a_o necessity_n of_o parliament_n for_o matter_n of_o war._n not_o only_o for_o money_n as_o some_o have_v please_v to_o speak_v or_o at_o the_o king_n choice_n to_o call_v they_o if_o he_o please_v the_o writ_n speak_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n lex_fw-la justissima_fw-la &_o provida_fw-la circumspectione_n stabilita_fw-la not_o let_v at_o loose_a to_o the_o king_n pleasure_n but_o as_o fortescue_n or_o long_o before_o he_o the_o old_a modus_fw-la of_o parliament_n make_v it_o necessary_a for_o the_o king_n and_o his_o duty_n to_o call_v a_o parliament_n in_o all_o such_o case_n nor_o shall_v i_o need_v to_o add_v what_o paulus_n jovius_n froisard_n comineus_n de_fw-fr serres_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o rohan_n with_o many_o other_o stranger_n have_v observe_v of_o our_o parliament_n in_o this_o which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n rather_o than_o of_o england_n for_o as_o in_o the_o heaven_n or_o great_a world_n we_o do_v before_o observe_v mars_n or_o the_o genius_n of_o war_n to_o be_v there_o place_v immediate_o under_o jupiter_n the_o great_a council_n and_o not_o under_o the_o sun_n so_o in_o the_o microcosm_n or_o little_a world_n of_o man_n we_o find_v both_o spleen_n and_o gall_n within_o hand_n and_o foot_n without_o at_o a_o good_a distance_n from_o the_o head_n and_o never_o join_v to_o it_o but_o in_o monster_n yet_o it_o be_v true_a that_o some_o creature_n have_v horn_n on_o their_o head_n but_o they_o be_v beast_n and_o not_o men._n much_o less_o king_n i_o hope_v but_o do_v we_o labour_n toil_n and_o sweat_v so_o much_o to_o keep_v a_o little_a river_n in_o its_o bound_n that_o so_o we_o may_v be_v drown_v by_o the_o boundless_a ocean_n or_o be_v sweep_v away_o at_o once_o by_o a_o destroy_n and_o devour_a deluge_n do_v we_o scruple_n at_o a_o little_a gravel_n or_o a_o pibble_n that_o we_o may_v be_v crush_v by_o a_o mountain_n will_v we_o strain_v at_o a_o gnat_n that_o we_o may_v be_v choke_v by_o a_o camel_n or_o be_v swallow_v whole_a by_o behemoth_n it_o may_v not_o be_v at_o least_o it_o may_v not_o seem_v enough_o to_o quiet_a tremble_a mind_n to_o say_v or_o prove_v by_o argument_n there_o shall_v be_v nothing_o do_v but_o what_o be_v just_a except_o we_o also_o see_v or_o know_v the_o way_n and_o mean_n and_o usual_a course_n our_o governor_n will_v please_v to_o take_v in_o do_v that_o which_o may_v or_o be_v and_o ever_o shall_v i_o hope_v be_v just_a the_o way_n must_v be_v both_o right_a and_o clear_a as_o well_o as_o be_v the_o end_n and_o of_o the_o two_o unjust_a and_o arbitrary_a power_n do_v seem_v to_o be_v in_o process_n or_o in_o way_n and_o mean_n much_o rather_o than_o in_o end_n or_o thing_n that_o be_v effect_v by_o it_o sure_o it_o be_v at_o least_o it_o may_v be_v good_a to_o build_v a_o gallant_a fleet_n of_o ship_n and_o so_o it_o may_v be_v just_a that_o each_o shall_v contribute_v a_o part_n to_o such_o a_o public_a work_n nor_o be_v it_o only_o that_o which_o then_o be_v take_v from_o we_o for_o a_o ship_n that_o make_v we_o sigh_v and_o groan_n and_o cry_v or_o fear_v our_o ruin_n or_o a_o universal_a deluge_n of_o oppression_n but_o it_o much_o or_o main_o be_v we_o do_v not_o see_v the_o way_n or_o mean_v or_o legal_a process_n which_o the_o court_n do_v take_v in_o tax_v or_o assess_v such_o a_o place_n a_o county_n or_o a_o person_n and_o it_o be_v but_o thus_o in_o loan_n and_o so_o in_o divers_a if_o not_o all_o the_o thing_n we_o so_o abhor_v in_o the_o crown_n the_o thing_n do_v not_o so_o much_o displease_v as_o do_v the_o way_n or_o mean_n to_o such_o or_o such_o a_o end_n i_o need_v not_o say_v how_o curious_a or_o how_o scrupulous_a and_o tender_a still_o our_o law_n have_v be_v in_o point_v out_o the_o way_n as_o well_o as_o end_n the_o process_n in_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n as_o the_o final_a judgement_n so_o that_o indeed_o the_o very_a form_n and_o life_n and_o power_n or_o substance_n of_o the_o just_a law_n do_v much_o consist_v in_o process_n which_o by_o some_o may_v be_v think_v a_o shadow_n or_o a_o ceremony_n leave_v at_o pleasure_n for_o a_o bluster_a wind_n or_o any_o furious_a hand_n to_o shake_v as_o much_o as_o long_o as_o it_o shall_v please_v and_o then_o to_o salve_v it_o up_o by_o say_v to_o the_o root_n we_o mean_v you_o good_a and_o do_v but_o lay_v you_o bare_a that_o so_o you_o may_v the_o more_o behold_v and_o more_o admire_v our_o justice_n in_o the_o end_n when_o all_o the_o bough_n and_o branch_n shall_v be_v go_v that_o do_v but_o hinder_v all_o your_o prospect_n i_o must_v but_o touch_v and_o glance_n there_o be_v a_o trinity_n which_o all_o our_o law_n do_v seem_v to_o worship_n here_o on_o earth_n estate_n liberty_n and_o life_n of_o all_o estate_n the_o dower_n of_o widow_n have_v the_o great_a privilege_n for_o which_o the_o comment_n upon_o littleton_n first_o and_o five_o with_o the_o statute_n of_o merton_n and_o some_o clause_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n itself_o for_o quarentine_n and_o dower_n be_v good_a gloss_n on_o the_o saxon_a law_n or_o those_o already_o touch_v and_o i_o shall_v not_o add_v one_o syllable_n all_o estate_n have_v privilege_n in_o law_n and_o all_o amercement_n must_v be_v such_o as_o may_v consist_v with_o man_n estate_n from_o alfred_n edgar_n ethelred_n canute_n or_o edward_n it_o do_v come_v to_o henry_n the_o first_o and_o thence_o to_o the_o great_a charter_n where_o the_o law_n be_v plain_a and_o clear_a no_o free_a man_n shall_v be_v amerce_v but_o according_a to_o his_o default_n and_o estate_n salvo_n sibi_fw-la contenemento_fw-it svo_fw-la which_o be_v so_o branch_a that_o it_o reach_v to_o villain_n also_o though_o it_o speak_v at_o first_o but_o of_o freeman_n hence_o the_o name_n of_o amercement_n because_o it_o be_v and_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o amerciament_n or_o a_o merciful_a fine_a in_o which_o the_o saxon_n go_v beyond_o we_o in_o their_o weregyld_n and_o divers_a wyte_n for_o which_o fleta_n may_v be_v a_o comment_n to_o the_o law_n of_o ethelstane_n and_o other_o of_o the_o saxon_n all_o this_o for_o end_n but_o what_o must_v be_v the_o way_n how_o shall_v it_o be_v impose_v so_o that_o it_o may_v as_o it_o shall_v be_v merciful_a it_o be_v miserecordiu_o regis_fw-la as_o the_o law_n and_o book_n do_v speak_v but_o the_o king_n do_v not_o may_v not_o fine_a or_o amerce_v any_o but_o in_o and_o by_o his_o court_n of_o justice_n so_o that_o to_o render_v one_o self_n to_o the_o king_n judgement_n be_v to_o no_o effect_n and_o so_o adjudge_v for_o as_o the_o father_n judge_v no_o man_n so_o the_o king_n who_o be_v or_o shall_v be_v father_n of_o the_o country_n but_o he_o have_v commit_v all_o judgement_n unto_o man_n that_o be_v our_o fellow_n pares_fw-la in_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n where_o indeed_o the_o king_n do_v sometime_o sit_v in_o person_n yet_o the_o court_n do_v judge_n and_o not_o the_o king_n as_o fortescue_n do_v plain_o tell_v we_o and_o the_o judgement_n still_o be_v enter_v from_o and_o by_o the_o court_n and_o not_o the_o king_n ideo_fw-la consideratum_fw-la est_fw-la per_fw-la curiam_fw-la and_o so_o the_o great_a charter_n say_v we_o will_v not_o go_v upon_o he_o nec_fw-la ibimus_fw-la nec_fw-la mittemus_fw-la but_o by_o legal_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n vel_fw-la per_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la and_o of_o this_o last_o clause_n i_o never_o see_v a_o full_a comment_n in_o a_o few_o word_n than_o in_o mr._n selden'_v note_n on_o attaint_n in_o fortescue_n but_o of_o all_o judgement_n to_o be_v make_v by_o peer_n somewhat_o be_v say_v before_o in_o henry_n law_n and_o more_o again_o ere_o long_o and_o for_o fines_n by_o court_n of_o justice_n not_o by_o the_o king_n and_o amerciament_n by_o peer_n beside_o the_o comment_n on_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la there_o be_v divers_a book_n oases_n cite_v from_o henry_n the_o four_o henry_n the_o six_o richard_n the_o three_o in_o the_o four_o part_n of_o institutes_n king_n bench_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v greisly_n case_n in_o the_o eight_o part_n of_o report_n and_o the_o first_o of_o westminster_n do_v add_v to_o the_o great_a charter_n or_o at_o least_o explain_v it_o in_o this_o but_o the_o mirror_n will_v tell_v we_o it_o be_v a_o abuse_n not_o to_o expound_v it_o so_o large_o before_o and_o although_o the_o write_v de_fw-la moderata_fw-la misericordia_fw-la in_o the_o register_n and_o n._n b._n be_v found_v on_o the_o statute_n yet_o it_o seem_v clear_o but_o
the_o militia_n for_o in_o such_o a_o case_n the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n shall_v not_o only_o force_v his_o entry_n by_o the_o posse-comitatus_a into_o such_o a_o castle_n on_o the_o suit_n of_o a_o subject_a but_o it_o may_v also_o come_v so_o far_o that_o the_o say_a fort_n or_o castle_n may_v be_v beat_v down_o without_o recovery_n and_o although_o it_o be_v say_v it_o shall_v be_v do_v by_o the_o king_n command_n yet_o it_o be_v well_o know_v and_o see_v by_o experience_n that_o it_o be_v and_o always_o be_v by_o order_n of_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o for_o this_o semain_n case_n in_o the_o five_o part_n of_o report_n may_v be_v very_o well_o add_v to_o the_o comment_n on_o the_o first_o of_o westminster_n by_o which_o we_o see_v how_o much_o the_o very_a fort_n and_o castle_n or_o militia_n must_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n not_o the_o king_n only_o but_o in_o and_o by_o his_o court_n especial_o the_o parliament_n that_o may_v command_v control_v and_o overrule_a all_o other_o court_v how_o tender_a the_o law_n be_v in_o case_n of_o estate_n forfeit_v by_o alienation_n i_o have_v touch_v before_o much_o be_v to_o be_v add_v nay_o in_o the_o worst_a and_o low_a estate_n by_o tenure_n of_o will_n of_o which_o somewhat_o also_o before_o for_o a_o fine_a reasonable_a etc._n etc._n as_o by_o copy_n where_o alienation_n and_o be_v against_o the_o custom_n with_o other_o case_n in_o the_o four_o part_n of_o report_n may_v forfeit_v to_o the_o lord_n but_o he_o can_v out_o his_o tenant_n at_o pleasure_n especial_o he_o that_o swear_v fealty_n but_o the_o say_a tenant_n may_v sue_v his_o lord_n or_o bring_v his_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o office_n forfeit_v by_o bargain_n and_o sale_n or_o brocage_n the_o statute_n be_v clear_a and_o just_a to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o comment_n of_o littleton_n estate_n conditional_a as_o also_o for_o forfeiture_n of_o condition_n it_o be_v express_o provide_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o no_o sheriff_n or_o any_o other_o person_n do_v take_v or_o seize_v any_o man_n good_n much_o less_o may_v he_o take_v his_o land_n for_o treason_n or_o felony_n until_o he_o be_v due_o convict_v or_o attaint_v by_o trial_n confession_n or_o outlawry_n upon_o pain_n to_o forfeit_n double_a to_o the_o party_n grieve_v nor_o be_v this_o only_a in_o richard_n the_o three_o but_o in_o the_o first_o great_a charter_n and_o before_o it_o also_o as_o be_v touch_v before_o among_o the_o saxon_n none_o be_v outlaw_v but_o for_o capital_a crime_n we_o find_v it_o often_o in_o the_o mirror_n and_o in_o such_o the_o outlaw_n may_v be_v kill_v by_o any_o that_o meet_v he_o as_o might_n any_o man_n attaint_v of_o praemunire_n that_o vast_a chaos_n of_o confusion_n till_o queen_n elizabeth_n time_n i_o do_v not_o find_v any_o outlawry_n below_o felony_n till_o about_o the_o baron_n war_n and_o than_o it_o come_v not_o below_o a_o action_n of_o forceable_a trespass_n vi_o &_o armis_fw-la but_o in_o the_o common_a plea_n it_o come_v to_o lie_v upon_o account_n debt_n detinue_n covenant_n and_o other_o petty_a action_n which_o the_o mirror_n will_v pronounce_v a_o most_o great_a abuse_n but_o in_o edw_n the_o three_o there_o be_v some_o amends_o in_o provide_v that_o none_o shall_v kill_v a_o outlaw_n but_o a_o sheriff_n only_o with_o lawful_a authority_n yet_o in_o inferior_a case_n land_n issue_n may_v be_v sequester_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n till_o appearance_n or_o reversal_n only_o in_o treason_n and_o felony_n it_o forfeit_v as_o much_o as_o attainder_n by_o judgement_n but_o it_o may_v be_v plead_n and_o reverse_v divers_a way_n and_o a_o petty_a misnomer_n or_o a_o misdate_n be_v ground_n enough_o to_o reverse_v it_o by_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o of_o this_o the_o book_n be_v full_a but_o nimin_n case_n be_v a_o criticism_n in_o chronology_n one_o of_o the_o sheriff_n return_v be_v date_v on_o the_o 8_o of_o july_n in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o of_o phil._n and_o mary_n but_o it_o be_v declare_v there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o day_n but_o in_o the_o 2d_o and_o four_o year_n which_o be_v only_o between_o the_o 6_o and_o 25_o of_o july_n yet_o this_o be_v enough_o to_o reverse_v a_o attainder_n of_o treason_n by_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o in_o favour_n of_o life_n our_o law_n admit_v plea_n to_o outlawry_n in_o capital_n there_o where_o in_o other_o case_n must_v be_v bring_v a_o formal_a writ_n of_o error_n i_o can_v deny_v but_o even_o by_o the_o common_a law_n upon_o indictment_n for_o treasom_n or_o felony_n the_o good_n and_o chattel_n may_v be_v inventor_v but_o not_o seize_v as_o forfeit_n till_o conviction_n nor_o be_v land_n and_o tenement_n forfeit_v till_o attainder_n by_o judge_n and_o in_o case_n of_o appeal_n which_o relate_v no_o time_n that_o be_v only_a forfeit_n which_o be_v possess_v at_o the_o judgement_n but_o upon_o indictment_n date_v the_o crime_n the_o forfeiture_n will_v reach_v to_o the_o crime_n commit_v although_o there_o be_v alienation_n before_o judgement_n but_o no_o forfeiture_n before_o conviction_n no_o seizure_n before_o indictment_n and_o the_o book_n of_o assizes_n tell_v we_o the_o judge_n take_v away_o a_o commission_n from_o one_o that_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n have_v power_n to_o arrest_v and_o seize_v on_o good_n before_o indictment_n and_o how_o tender_a our_o law_n be_v in_o this_o for_o estate_n it_o may_v be_v see_v at_o large_a in_o bracton_n and_o fleta_n with_o the_o old_a writ_n not_o only_o in_o they_o but_o in_o the_o register_n also_o relate_v to_o the_o great_a charter_n forbid_v all_o disseisin_n till_o conviction_n yet_o it_o require_v the_o sheriff_n per_fw-la visum_fw-la suum_fw-la &_o legalium_fw-la hominem_fw-la to_o apprise_n and_o inventory_n all_o the_o offender_n chattel_n but_o with_o a_o double_a salvo_n both_o for_o safe_a keep_v they_o and_o for_o this_o security_n be_v to_o be_v give_v by_o the_o bailiff_n or_o the_o township_n and_o for_o maintain_v the_o person_n in_o prison_n with_o all_o his_o necessary_a family_n salvo_n tamen_fw-la eidem_fw-la capto_fw-la &_o familiae_fw-la suae_fw-la necessariae_fw-la quamdiu_fw-la fuerit_fw-la in_o prisona_fw-la rationabili_fw-la esto_fw-la verio_fw-la svo_fw-la which_o be_v not_o only_a meat_n but_o clothing_n etc._n etc._n as_o have_v often_o be_v adjudge_v in_o edward_n the_o three_o henry_n the_o four_o and_o other_o time_n see_v the_o three_o part_n of_o institutes_n cap._n 103._o it_o will_v not_o be_v long_o i_o hope_v before_o god_n stir_v up_o our_o governor_n to_o reform_v the_o cry_a sin_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o not_o only_a gaoler_n in_o our_o oppress_v grind_a prison_n but_o the_o heathen_a moralist_n have_v also_o tell_v we_o that_o divine_a wheel_n be_v also_o grind_v and_o will_v grind_v to_o powder_n though_o they_o be_v slow_a in_o motion_n as_o unwilling_a to_o revenge_v it_o be_v true_a that_o prison_n shall_v be_v by_o law_n both_o safe_a and_o strait_a custody_n nor_o shall_v they_o admit_v such_o wander_a abroad_o as_o some_o man_n money_n do_v procure_v but_o although_o recovery_n on_o record_n much_o less_o descent_n do_v not_o bind_v man_n in_o prison_n or_o conclude_v they_o for_o want_n of_o claim_n yet_o upon_o motion_n prisoner_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o court_n in_o suit_n or_o action_n against_o they_o in_o case_n of_o judgement_n or_o where_o ever_o else_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o person_n present_a and_o for_o this_o i_o may_v only_o refer_v to_o the_o commentator_n on_o the_o continual_a claim_n and_o the_o case_n by_o he_o cite_v how_o unwilling_a our_o law_n be_v to_o empair_v our_o liberty_n be_v touch_v before_o in_o the_o capias_fw-la on_o debt_n and_o although_o some_o latter_a statute_n do_v out-go_v our_o common_a law_n for_o imprisonment_n yet_o it_o be_v still_o receive_v for_o a_o general_a maxim_n in_o law_n that_o prison_n shall_v be_v custodiae_fw-la not_o poenae_fw-la and_o where_o ever_o any_o man_n be_v unjust_o in_o prison_n the_o law_n afford_v he_o more_o way_n of_o get_v out_o than_o his_o enemy_n have_v to_o get_v he_o in_o he_o may_v have_v a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la and_o he_o may_v have_v a_o writ_n de_fw-fr homine_fw-la replegiando_fw-la he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o false_a imprisonment_n and_o may_v found_v a_o action_n on_o the_o great_a charter_n or_o on_o it_o may_v cause_v his_o unjust_a friend_n to_o be_v indict_v and_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr odio_fw-la &_o atia_n be_v again_o revive_v though_o by_o statute_n once_o it_o be_v forbid_v and_o for_o these_o with_o bail_n by_o judge_n or_o justice_n replevin_n by_o sheriff_n etc._n etc._n we_o have_v the_o judgement_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n on_o articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la and_o the_o comment_n on_o the_o great_a
in_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o receive_v of_o petition_n as_o the_o roll_n of_o most_o time_n witness_v it_o be_v the_o old_a mode_n and_o other_o account_v it_o somewhat_o against_o reason_n that_o petition_n shall_v be_v take_v and_o bring_v into_o the_o house_n by_o those_o that_o be_v to_o debate_v and_o determine_v they_o and_o so_o may_v at_o pleasure_n keep_v they_o out_o or_o too_o hasty_o may_v press_v they_o in_o whereas_o they_o be_v to_o be_v fill_v up_o in_o course_n and_o so_o to_o be_v debate_v as_o they_o be_v receive_v which_o be_v therefore_o entrust_v to_o the_o care_n of_o know_a and_o swear_v officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n although_o of_o late_a their_o work_n in_o parliament_n be_v so_o strange_o degenerate_a from_o that_o it_o be_v of_o old_a when_o also_o beside_o receiver_n there_o be_v some_o appoint_v for_o tryer_n of_o petition_n who_o as_o it_o seem_v be_v to_o inquire_v of_o matter_n of_o fact_n express_v in_o the_o petition_n that_o it_o may_v be_v clear_v and_o right_o state_v before_o it_o come_v to_o be_v debate_v in_o full_a parliament_n i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o these_o trier_n of_o petition_n be_v most_o frequent_o some_o of_o the_o bishop_n and_o other_o baron_n but_o by_o this_o i_o be_o not_o convince_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v by_o right_n and_o legislative_a power_n or_o be_v the_o sole_a determinors_n of_o all_o petition_n as_o some_o will_v infer_v or_o that_o they_o be_v the_o sole_a judge_n except_o also_o the_o petty_a jury_n that_o be_v tryer_n of_o fact_n shall_v be_v esteem_v the_o sole_a judge_n of_o matter_n of_o law_n and_o yet_o i_o shall_v not_o deny_v but_o petition_n concern_v abuse_n or_o error_n in_o judicature_n be_v often_o deermine_v by_o the_o lord_n as_o the_o great_a judge_n but_o of_o error_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n as_o judge_n above_o the_o king_n as_o be_v show_v before_o or_o from_o the_o exchequer_n in_o queen_n ellzabeths_n time_n for_o the_o seldom_o meet_v or_o great_a affair_n of_o parliament_n the_o writ_n of_o error_n from_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v by_o special_a act_n of_o parliament_n to_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o by_o they_o to_o be_v determine_v but_o with_o these_o express_a limitation_n as_o the_o law_n shall_v require_v other_o than_o for_o error_n to_o be_v assign_v or_o find_v for_o or_o concern_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o say_a court_n of_o king_n bench_n or_o for_o want_n of_o form_n in_o any_o writ_n process_n verdict_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o after_o all_o the_o record_n and_o all_o concern_v they_o be_v remand_v to_o the_o king_n bench_n as_o well_o for_o execution_n as_o otherwise_o as_o shall_v appertain_v and_o with_o this_o express_a proviso_n that_o any_o party_n aggrieve_v by_o such_o judgement_n in_o the_o exchequer_n shall_v and_o may_v sue_v in_o parliament_n for_o a_o further_o and_o due_a examination_n by_o which_o i_o do_v not_o see_v such_o party_n agree_v be_v absolute_o tie_v to_o petition_v the_o lord_n only_o although_o it_o be_v only_o in_o a_o case_n judicial_a yet_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o in_o edward_n the_o 3d._n there_o be_v a_o committee_n make_v of_o a_o bishop_n two_o earl_n and_o two_o baron_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o petition_n complain_v of_o delay_n or_o grievance_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n but_o with_o great_a limitation_n so_o that_o they_o must_v send_v for_o the_o record_n and_o judge_n which_o be_v to_o to_o be_v present_a and_o be_v hear_v and_o then_o by_o good_a advice_n of_o the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n judge_n and_o other_o of_o the_o council_n to_o make_v a_o accord_n yet_o so_o that_o all_o be_v remand_v to_o the_o judge_n before_o who_o the_o cause_n do_v first_o depend_v who_o be_v then_o to_o proceed_v to_o judgement_n according_a to_o the_o accord_n of_o the_o say_a committee_n and_o in_o case_n it_o seem_v to_o they_o to_o be_v such_o as_o may_v not_o well_o be_v determine_v but_o in_o full_a parliament_n that_o then_o the_o say_a record_n or_o tenor_n shall_v be_v bring_v by_o the_o say_a committee_n to_o the_o next_o parliament_n it_o be_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o so_o express_v in_o all_o the_o old_a book_n that_o all_o new_a unwonted_a difficult_a matter_n of_o consequence_n shall_v still_o be_v bring_v and_o submit_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o full_a parliament_n so_o that_o all_o our_o judge_n do_v and_o aught_o to_o respite_n such_o cause_n till_o the_o next_o parliament_n of_o which_o there_o be_v almost_o innumerable_a precedent_n in_o all_o the_o roll_n nay_o in_o richard_n the_o second_o there_o be_v a_o committee_n of_o lord_n and_o commons_o appoint_v to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o petition_n present_a in_o that_o parliament_n but_o afterward_o it_o be_v adjudge_v and_o declare_v that_o such_o a_o commission_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v give_v commit_v or_o betray_v the_o high_a power_n of_o parliament_n into_o a_o few_o private_a hand_n as_o we_o may_v learn_v out_o of_o henry_n the_o four_o beside_o other_o time_n yet_o the_o modi_n of_o parliament_n admit_v that_o some_o extraordinary_a case_n where_o the_o estate_n can_v not_o agree_v or_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o knight_n proctor_n citizen_n etc._n etc._n there_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a parliament_n the_o matter_n may_v be_v compromise_v to_o 25._o choose_v out_o of_o all_o degree_n and_o to_o few_o till_o at_o length_n it_o may_v come_v to_o 3._o who_o may_v determine_v the_o case_n except_o that_o be_v write_v it_o be_v correct_v by_o assent_n of_o parliament_n and_o not_o otherwise_o and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o right_a reason_n that_o delegate_n shall_v not_o delegate_v other_o which_o be_v one_o reason_n why_o the_o commons_o never_o make_v pracy_n as_o the_o lord_n do_v nor_o may_v any_o committee_n so_o determine_v but_o there_o may_v be_v appeal_n from_o it_o to_o the_o parliament_n nor_o do_v the_o parliament_n itself_o conclude_v so_o but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v appeal_n from_o its_o self_n to_o its_o self_n even_o to_o its_o justice_n if_o it_o err_v or_o at_o least_o to_o its_o mercy_n by_o some_o motion_n or_o petition_n in_o one_o parliament_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o no_o man_n condemn_v by_o parliament_n shall_v move_v for_o pardon_n but_o another_o parliament_n 10_o year_n after_o do_v annul_v this_o branch_n as_o unjust_a unreasonable_a and_o against_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o parliament_n for_o from_o this_o which_o be_v the_o high_a here_o there_o still_o lie_v appeal_n from_o its_o self_n to_o its_o self_n for_o which_o also_o by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n there_o be_v to_o be_v frequent_a parliament_n that_o so_o the_o error_n or_o omission_n of_o one_o be_v still_o human_a and_o therefore_o errable_a may_v be_v correct_v and_o amend_v in_o another_o by_o express_v statute_n 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most_o age_n in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o may_v also_o be_v useful_a for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v and_o although_o it_o may_v be_v possible_a to_o find_v some_o of_o their_o old_a custom_n fit_a to_o be_v change_v yet_o my_o hope_n be_v they_o will_v retain_v and_o observe_v such_o rule_n of_o right_a reason_n good_a order_n and_o custom_n as_o may_v still_o make_v this_o a_o happy_a nation_n and_o that_o they_o will_v be_v mindful_a of_o their_o great_a trust_n for_o which_o they_o be_v accountable_a and_o however_o it_o may_v be_v in_o this_o world_n yet_o they_o also_o must_v be_v judge_v at_o his_o come_n who_o shall_v bring_v every_o work_n into_o judgement_n with_o every_o secret_a thing_n whether_o it_o be_v good_a or_o whether_o it_o be_v evil_a and_o i_o be_o not_o ashamed_a both_o to_o long_o and_o pray_v for_o his_o come_n who_o be_v king_n of_o king_n and_o lord_n of_o lord_n the_o prince_n of_o salem_n that_o be_v peace_n as_o well_o as_o king_n of_o righteousness_n melchizedek_n the_o lamb_n upon_o the_o white_a thone_n all_o the_o creation_n groan_v and_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o bride_n say_v come_v lord_n jesus_n come_v quick_o finis_fw-la