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A17967 The thre bokes of cronicles, whyche Iohn Carion (a man syngularly well sene in the mathematycall sciences) gathered wyth great diligence of the beste authours that haue written in Hebrue, Greke or Latine Whervnto is added an appendix, conteynyng all such notable thynges as be mentyoned in cronicles to haue chaunced in sundry partes of the worlde from the yeare of Christ. 1532. to thys present yeare of. 1550. Gathered by Iohn Funcke of Nurenborough. Whyche was neuer afore prynted in Englysh. Cum priuilegio ad imprimendum solum.; Cronica. English Carion, Johannes, 1499-1537 or 8.; Funck, Johann, 1518-1566.; Lynne, Walter. 1550 (1550) STC 4626; ESTC S107499 318,133 586

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it confirmed with letters geuen there vpon The yeare M. CC. xxxviij Whan Fridericke went agayn into Italy they of Milan rose agaynst him and many other strong cityes To Milan dyd Friderick great harme for the which cause the city es makynge an aliance wyth the byshop of Ro. con spired against Friderick the Emperour whome for this cause Gregorius the Romysh byshop doth excommunicate the third time and condemneth him for an heretike stearing also the Venecians to war vpon him Friderick with opē writynges dyd complain of the iniury done to hym and in the meane tyme dyd he also humbly require absolution of the byshop of Ro. Ther were many of the Cardynals whiche alowed not the bysh of Romes counsels But whan Frederick could by no meanes optayne pardon of Gregorius necessitye compelled Frederyck to defende hymselfe he had also his faction or diuision For at that tyme was Italy diuyded in Guelphies and Gibelines the Gibelini were for the Emperoure and the Guelphi were wyth the Byshop of Ro. Ether name beynge brought vp in Germany was translated and brought ouer into Italy For the kynred of the Guelphi had continuall hatred agaynst Fredericks bloude Whereof also they were called Guelphi as alwaye hatefull enemyes of Fredericke As for the spring of Fredericks kynred was of the Weiblings whereof they are called Guiblings which the Italians chaunginge the name do call Gibelini The bysh of Ro. constrayned by great necessitie dyd proclayme the crosse and pardon agaynst Friderick the Emperoure as though he were manyfestly vngodly and destroyer of the religion Friderick toke that very euell he besyeged Rome but drue back agayne wythout takyng it and toke the citye Rauennas The yeare of Christ M. CC. xlv Innocentius the iiij holding a councel at Lyons in Fraunce deposed Friderick of the empyre vsynge therto the Frenchmens ayde and by letters he shewed the princes Electors to choyse another Emperoure But they made Emperoure Henry the Landtgraue of Thuringen The same was slayne before the citye Vlme wyth an instrument of warre Friderick buylded a new citye in Italy whiche was called Victoria Whan he wanted syluer he caused to make a coyne of lether y ● he mighte haue where wyth to pay his men of warre but so soone as he had gotten syluer he shulde geue them good and lawful mony for the lether coyne which thing he dyd liberally But now whā he could loke for no more ayde out of Germany and that besydes thys hys sonne Encius was taken who also dyed in the preson he was sore distressed and went into Apulia were he also dyed the yeare M. CC. l. Some wryt that he was poisonned Yee surely the moost holy fathers coulde not rest without they sawe the good prince clene rydde out of the waye The kingdome of Naples left he to hys sonne heyre Cunradus As for Italy remayned alwaye after diuyded For one part helde wyth the empyre another wyth the byshop of Rome vntyl the powers of the Venecians and of them of Mylane beganne after to growe and increase Honorius the .iij. succeded Innocentius the .iij. of whome Friderick the .ii. was crouned and after warde excommunicated Gregorius y ● .ix. was after Honorius of whome was Friderick lykewyse accursed After Gregorius was Celestinus the .iiij. bysh of Rome After Celestinus was Innocentius the .iiij. Thesame deposed Friderick from the empyre and accursed hys sonne Cunradus Cunradus the .iiij. the xxv Germane Emperour THe yeare of Christ M. CC. l. raigned Conradus the sonne of Fridericke after hys fathers deceasse but he was excommunicated by Inocentius the .iiij. Henry the Landtgraue of Thuryngen ouercame hym by Francoforde whyle hys father Frederick was yet alyue Some wryte that thys warre was after hys fathers death by Wyllyam the Landtgraue But whan Conradus perceaued that he was destitute of the Germane princes ayde he gat him into his hereditary kyngdome Naples and there he dyed the yeare M. CC. liij The ende of the dukes of Schwaben CVnradus of whome we haue now spoken had a wyfe of the Baiers bloude of the whiche he had a sonne Conradinus who was nouryshed and brought vp in hys hereditary duchy of Schwaben and after hys fathers deceasse wolde go to Naples hys heredytary kyngdome But Clemens the bishop of Rome called Charles the Frenche kynges brother into the realme of Naples agaynst hym Conradynus for so muche as he was duke of Schwaben had a greate bende and hooste of Germanes about hym and at the begynnynge had he greate vyctoryes But at the laste were Conradinus the sonne of Conradus and Fryderyck duke of Eastenriche taken by a trayne Besydes thys were they entreated more vnsemelye than was pertaynynge and put to shame At the laste were they beheaded throughe the counsell of the Romyshe byshop O notable crueltye He must be euen as harde as a stone verely whome the examples of so great cruelty dyd not moue namelye so noble a kynge borne ofso many Emperoures to be so shamefullye put to death by Clemens the Romysh byshop without any ryghte or reason Ther are yet euen at thys houre writinges which were written at that time in the which the good prince complayneth of the iniury and rehearseth at length the whole matter orderly so that it is no doute the bishoppes of Rome haue vsed playne tiranny against Conradinus Wiliam the xxvi Germane Emperour THe yeare of Christ M. C. C. liiij was chosen Emperoure Wylyam counte of Holland It is sayde he was an honest manered prince and of notable innocency of life but he was slayn by the Friselanders the yerre 1256. Vacation of the Empyre WHan thys Wiliam was dead the empire stode with out a certayne emperoure seuentene yeares and that not wythout great destruction of the Germane nacion Thys mischaunge grewe by the cyuyl warres that were raysed in the empyre by the bysh of Ro. Now whan the debate was rysen amonge the Electors for the choyse some chose Alfonsus kyng of Spayne Emperoure because he was a very wyse man and endued with notable vertues As for thys Alfonsus is he who not only had hys pleasure in the science of Astronomye but also augmented and amēded the study thereof with many bokes wrytten Thoughe Alfonsus was admonyshed by the byshop of Rome to take vpon hym the Emperyall maiestye yet refused he it earnestly because of the vncertayn faythfulnesse and vnstable concord of the Romysh Byshops wyth the Emperours The other parte of the Electors chose Richard the king of Englandes brother and brought hym vntyll Basyll but he was not accepted of the Empyre Alexander the .iiij. succeded after Innocentius At thys time lyued Albertus the greate and Thomas Aquinas Vrbanus the .iiij. was after Alexander Clemens the .iiij. succeded Vrbanus Thyssame caused Conradynus Conradus sonne to be beheaded Whan Clemens was deade was the see voyde two yeares through the dissension of choysynge a Byshop at the last was Gregorius the .x. chosen
the callynge a general councell Wherefore by the consent of the byshop of Ro. Ioannes the Emperoure and also the kynges of Fraunce Spayne and England was the councell of Constance begonne the yeare M. C C C C. xiiii to the whiche came Ioannes the Byshop of Rome hymselfe The Emperoure Sigismundus came to Constance before Christmasse and at masse songe he the gospell as Deacon Ther went oute a commaundemente from Augustus the Emperoure c. Afterwarde was ther treated of Ihon Husse and hys doctryne beyng condemneth he was burneth wyth Hieronimus of Praga After that treated they to a peace the diuisyon and deposyng the byshoppes of Rome Ioannes the .xxiij. Gregorius and Benedictus was chosen in the see Othode Columna who was called Martynus the fyfte But whan it repented Ioannes the .xxiii. that he had consented frelye to the renouncynge of the Byshoprycke of Rome he wente aboute to flye pryuelye wyth the ayde of Frederyck duke of Eastenryche But in the flyghte Ioannes was had backe agayne by the Emperoures men And the duke of Eastenryche was bannyshed by the Emperoure and some of hys townes taken in hys duchye At the last was the debate layed downe of thys wyse It was coūselled Frederyck that he frely yeldyng to the Emperoure all hys landes shulde humblye requyre forgeuenesse of hys offence Wherefore by the Emperoures gentlenesse and fauoure he was restored in the duchy of Eastenryche But Ioannes the byshoppe of Rome was delyuered to the counte Palatyne to be kepte Thesame caried him int y e castel Māheym not farre frō the citye Heidelberg there was he kepte the space of thre yeare After y t was he receaued to grace by Martinus the Romish bish and made a Cardinal Whan of this wise that hurteful diuision that was betwene the bishops of Rome was anoyded peace and reste was restored to the churche and that by the endeuoure and procurement of Sigismundus the Emperoure who therefore deserued greate prayses The residue that were done in that assemble or councel is no nede to rehearse for whole bokes are wrytten thereof Of the prouincial erles of the marqueship of Brandenburg THe yeare of Christ M. C C C C. xvii the fyrste sondaye after Easter dyd Sigysmundus the Emperour in the councell geue to the mooste prayse worthy prince Fridericke Burgraue of Norinberg the ryghte of Imperyall election and the prouincyall marqueshyp of Branbenburge and that for hys excellent vertues and greate truste that he had shewed in dispatchinge great causes of the empyre But truely it were long to rechearse here how noble princes haue ben both before thys dignitye was gotten also afterward in this progeny of Burgraues yee and before hath oft ben made mēcion of them But after that they were made Electors they were diligente euer in treatynge the greateste and mooste weightyest matters of the empyre for the whyche thynges sake shalbe oft made mēcion of thē hereafter Wherfore in the histories of our time is Albertus the Marques praised before al other who for his vertues sake is surnamed y ● germane Achilles It is also not vnknowen in oure dayes y ● Marques Ioachim of Brandenburg Elector my moost gentle lorde and his brother Albert Cardinal and Elector Archebyshoppe of Mentz and Magdenburge c. are garnyshed with hygh wysedome and all princely vertues and that therfore theyr counsel ayde is requyred before other in hyghe and harde matters not only concernynge the empyre but also to y ● whole Christiantie Nother cā it other wyse be in gouernaunces and dominions y ● whych so longe as they haue theyr beynge must be deserued and maynteyned by the wysedome of men of greate authoritye whiche thynge the Wysedome her selfe wytnesseth in holye scriptures sayenge By me kynges do raygne Whan the councell was broke vp many settyng forth were appoynted agaynst the seditions and euell disposed men whiche spoyled and robbed both churches monasteryes after Ihon Husses death Theyr captayn was called zyscha Greate manslaughter was of both sydes of the Bohemes and Germanes which went against them yet was not that brunt of vproure so quenched Sigismundus as we sayd before had prepared brought vntill Adrianopolis a verye greate army of Germanes Frenchmē Italians Hungarians against y ● Turkes In this setting forth were most greatest princes y ● Emperour Sigismundus Philippe duke of Burgundion But by reason the Frenchemen stroue sayenge they must haue the foreward in the army y ● orders were broken not without an incredible losse of Christen men for theyr enemyes vanquyshed them and the duke of Burgundy was taken Sigismundus the Emperour fled to Constan tinople After longe season after was the duke of Burgundy delyuered A mery story is recited of Sigismundus He had a seruaunt y ● was many yeares familiar wyth him whom he had not greatly rewarded though in the meane season he was a liberal free prince which thing Leonardus Aretinus also doth write who sawe Sigisinūdus the Emperour had done many messages to him on the bysh of Ro. behalfe It fortuned that whā he was ridden into a water hys horse dyd stalle Whyche thinge whan the seruaunt that went strayght before the Emperoure did see he sayd in sporte The horse was of lyke nature that hys lorde was The Emperour hearyng it by chaunce maruayled commaunded to shewe him what he saide The seruaunt aunswered The horse pourech out water into the ryuer where as is water ynough alredy Euen so is the Emperour lyberall to those whych haue ryches plenty nede them not greatly Sigismundus the Emperoure perceaued that he was aduisedly touched or taunted that he had not rewarded hys olde seruaunt with some peculyar or greate rewarde and sayd He neuer wanted the wyll to recompense but that princes gyftes are not properlye theyrs that deserue them but theyrs that they are appoynted by Goddes prouydence and dysposycyon The same sayde he that he woulde proue wyth the dede so soone as he shulde be at leasure and reste Afterwarde whan the Emperour had gotten leasure he caused to make two boxes of one bygnesse and fashion In the one he put golde in the other leade of lyke weyght and callyng the seruaunt he bad hym take one of the boxes The seruaunt being abashed weyed now the one boxe than the other douting y ● whiche he myghte rather take at the laste he toke y ● boxe wherein the leade was Which whan he had opened the Emperour sayde It may be sene openly that hys wyli was not in the faute why he was not rewarded hetherto but hys misfortune This dede wythnesseth verely that the Emperoure dyd wysely consyder that the fortunable prosperity of thynges commeth of God Sigismūdus the Emperour had no heyre mankynne he gaue hys only doughter to Albert duke of Eastenryche who became kyng of Hungary and Bohemy by that meanes The yere M. CCCC xxxiiii whyle Sigismundus was yet alyue began the councel of Basil For
haue referred to that tyme when the kyngdome of Babilon and Niniue the citie were not yet diuided euen when the Assyrians reygned only at Babylon Agathias wryteth in the seconde booke of the Gothian warre that Ctesias set the nomber of the yeares and the order of the Monarchies of thys wyse As for Ctesias was a Grecian who when Artaxerxes Mnemon and Cyrus the yonger warred with eche other he was also in the army and was a Phisician Beynge taken in warre he was at the last caried to Babylon where he was honestly entreated and then readynge the hystoryes of Babylon he set the nomber of that kyngdome in an order of this wyse From Ninus vntyll the begynnyng of the Medes kyngdome wiche did deciuer from the Assyryans the fyrste are M. CCC lx yeares and this order do all those obserue that wrote afterwarde Diodorus Siculus and Iustinus Diodorus Siculus wrote of this wyse in his thyrde booke Lyke wyse also the resydue of the kynges thyrty in nomber helde the kyngdome vntyll Sardanapulus by whose tyme the kyngdome of the Assyrians which had lasted M. CCC lx yeares as wryteth Ctesias in the seconde booke fell to the Medes Iustinus sayeth of this wyse The assyrians who afterwarde were called Syria had the gouernaunce M. CCC yeres Herodotus doth passe ouer somthynge in the meane tyme that the decayeng kyng dome of the Assyrians came to the Medes I thynke this also that these yeares of Ctesias concernyng the begynnyng of Babylon to be vnderstand from the tyme of Nembroth not Ninus The Medes reigned after the fallyng from the Assyrians vntil Cyrus about thre hundreth yeres as Agathias gathereth out of Ctesias The kyngdome of the Perses vntill Alexander dyd last CCxxviij yeres as witnesseth Agathias and some Grecian wryters Alexander and his posteritie kept Babylon vntyll the tyme that the power of the Parthians beganne to grow and Agathias setteth CCC yeres seuen lesse and that is from Alexander vntyll Augustus tyme. Afterward raigned the Parthians in the Easte hundreth yeares vntil the tyme of Alexander Seuerus the Emperoures and then dyd Artaxerxes the Persian stick through and slaye Artabanus the last kyng of the Parthians And of this wyse came the East kyngdom agayne to the Perses which were myghty vntyll Mahomets tyme. For the successors of Mahomet inuaded the Perses and teke in the empire of whole Arabia But the Turkes toke from them afterwarde Syria and Asia the lesse And thus were the kyngdomes of the Easte tossed finally with diuerse mutaciōs the one people was oftymes remoued to the other It is greatly necessary to ouerlaye all these thynges and often to consyder them that the order of all tymes and histories may be knowen aryght An addition vnto the Cronicle of Iohn Carion contaygnyng the actes and histories come to passe in dyuers and sundry partes of the worlde from the yere of our lorde MDxxxij vnto the yeare of our lorde MD. L. excerpted and gathered out of the best historiographers by Iohn Funke of Nourenborough And caused to be translated by Gwalter Lynne AT the entraunce or beginning of the conuocation holden at Ratisbone or Raynesborough in the yere of our lorde MD. xxxij in lent ther lay at Nurrenborough certayn princes electours with many other nobles of the empire among whom were as principall Albert Archebyshop of Mogunce or Mence Lodowike Palatine of the Rhyne Iohn Frederike duke of Saxon and electour imperiall whiche princes nobles did there treate and consulte vpon matters of religion and about the establishing of kyng Ferdinandus to whose election as to be king of the Romains the said Iohn duke of Saxō electour imperiall would not accorde nor consent and after much intreataunce they obtayned of themperours maiestie a graunt and promes of a sure and stedfast peace vntil the next general coūsail that was to come yea and is to come yet euen at this day Other notable actes cōcerning matters of religiō was there none concluded in that conuocation For Soliman Emperoure of the Turkes was vp with all his power and inuaded the lande of Hungary wherefore the Christian princes were constrained with all spede and strenght possible to prepare themselues to resist the said aduersary Insomuche that there was prepared suche an armie and hoost of men of diuers nacions as neuer was sene before in all Germany y ● beginnyng wherof was about the feast of S. Iohn the baptist the warriours of the towne of Nurenburgh beinge the firste that arryued at Weene in Austriche for there was all the whole hoost appointed to assemble and come together the same assembling continued vntil the feast of saint Bartholome we next ensuyng The nombere of Duche pietons or footemen was about foure score thousande stoute and valiaunt fyghting men And of the horse men there was about .xxiiij. thousand The Bohemes were in the nomber aboue twenty thousande All these lay about Wyene by the ryuer called the Danube a lycle myle frō the towne Their chefe capitaine was the right noble and mighty prince lord Frederick Palatine of the Rene c. nowe being electour imperiall About the said towne laye also vpon a fifty thousand Spanyardes whiche in these affayres vsed but small kyndnesse towardes the germaynes For in their passage from the Countie of Tyroll ouer the Eye and the Danube into Austrich they burned certayn strong holdes and townes well inhabited and some they pylled and with women and maydens they wrought suche vylanye and enormitie whiche is horrible to be spoken that many of them dyed thorough their said outtragiousnes The goodly and plesaūt Citie of Krembes was vtterly by thē subuerted and brent vp except fourtenne houses wyth certayne walles After this when they lacked vitualles in their campe for the space of one daye they russhed with violence before the Cytie of Wyene wherein the Emperoure and the kyng had theyr beyng wyth a great nombre of other greate men of armes and warriours whiche were come thether wyth them and would haue assaulted and ouerrunne the same towne if the Germaynes had not the sooner resysted them and letted their enterpryse In the meane season the Turke layde syege to a certayne lytle Towne called Guns whiche lyeth about twelue or thirtene myles from Wyene in the coastes of Hungary and assaulted the same most fiercely by the space of twelue dayes during the which tyme he sought all meanes possyble to subuerte and ouerthrowe the same But the right noble and worshypfull Syr Nicolas Iuristhi knight and Ruler of the sayed towne dyd so manfully and valiauntly behaue hymselfe in those affayres wyth hys cytesens or bourgeouses beyng in nombre about eight hundreth men and one hundred souldiours whiche were layde there in garnison for the sauegarde of the same towne that the Turke maruayled not a lyttell of it Wherefore he promised vnto the sayed Ruler fre passage and saulf conduct and hauing personally himself talked w t him did highly prayse him for his
yet hath the common course of the worlde moued me to make he re this exceptiō For y ● Deuil alwayes wil be praised in his wicked dedes but the discrete Christianes nede no suche commendations Wherfore also I commende me selfe next vnder God to the defence and prayer of all the fauourers of the truthe byndyng me selfe to do the lyke for them to my power Dated the twenty day of August 1550. ⸫ BReuely to close vp this present chronicle This yere is the ful .xxxi. Iubilie from christes incarnacion declaring vnto vs christianes here in Englande by many most graciouse and godly argumētes the glad iubilie of the lord what though not to the pagane Papistes arrogaūt Ana baptistes licenciouse lybertines cruell coueters excedyng extorcioners fre wyll men new Iusticiaries and sprete speakers with other sediciouse sectaries all sekyng to take the glory from Christ and to deminysh the frutes of his helthful sufferinges To make this to you more familiar the kynges moste excellent maiestie by assent of his noble counsel and fre vtteraunce of faithful ministers by them apointed haue this yeare proclaymed a godly christen fredome to the longe captiued consciences of his natural and obedient subiectes I speake nothing of the forenamed obstinates none otherwise than dyd Moyses to the children of Israell Leuit. 25. and noble kyng Iosias to their posteritie vnder hym 2. Paralip 34. the temples and aulters in sundry places destroied and the true christiante in many pointes restored Considre the lent preachynges that were this yeare afore the kyng the delyueraunce of the duke of Somerset the change in London dyocese the necessary sequestracion of Gardyner Bonner Hethe and other proude popish Babylonians the godly discourse of Peter Martir the inexpugnable defence of the Archebyshop of Caunterbury for y e full ouerthrowe of Idolatry with other good chaunces more whiche are apparaunt though they be not named are manifest tokens of the premysses and speciall good argumentes of this Iubylie of grace Let vs therefore with our noble yonge Iosias be thankefull vnto God in the latter parte of this yeare holdyng holy in soule the perfyght passeouer of the lorde And let vs styll valiauntly fight with the two edged sworde against the maliciouse kyng of Egypte or blasphemouse Byshop of Rome and all his trayterouse trayne after the Godly example of the first Iosias 2. Paralip 35. So be it A table of those thynges that be conteyned in thys boke worthy of memory A ABbas Ioachyms prophecy cxci Abel kylled for the trewe worshyp of God fol. ij Abia fo xiiij Abraham was in Ninus tyme ix the tyme of y e promise made to hym vntyll the goyng oute of Egypt xij the renuyng of the promyse to him fo ix Absalon the wycked fo xiiii Achas fo xvi Achilles fo xxi Accursius the man of law clvij Adam and Eue fo i. He and Seth the setters forth of Astrology Fo. ij Adelricus fo cxij Adoulfus County of Nassau is made Emperour fo clxx Adrianus a well learned Emperour was connyng in Astronomy fo xciiij and mercyfull toward Christian men fo xcv Adrianus byshop of Rome complayneth when he should dye fo clviij Adultery punyshed xxi xxvij c the occasyon of the battel of Troye fo xxi Aetius fo cxvij Afflictyon temporall and the begynnyng therof .i. the cause of them fo xi Agar fo x Agarenes cxxi why Mahomet dyd channge the name to Saracens fo cxxij Aggeus fo xlix Agrippa vnder whom Ierusalem was spoyled fo lxxvi Alaricus xi wynneth Rome cxi Albany was ouerthrowen fo xxvij Alberte duke of Eastenryche clxix cxcix clxxx Is Empeperoure clxx called Marques Achylles clxxix the seconde fo clxxx Alcibiades liiij is dryuen from the Athenians liiij is slayne agaynst all ryght lv was noble in feates of warre fo lv Alexander sonne to Amintas xlii xlvij The greate lx the begynnyng of his monarchy lxij hys elders lx hys deedes lxi Aristoteles Scoler lviij he maketh greate battels in Asia wyth smal power lx hys gentellues lxij lyttel sett by for syghte matters lxi he kepeth an eare for the gyltye lxiij his setting forth against y e Iewes lxiij howe greate hys hoost was lxi hys reuerence toward the hygh priestes of the Iewes lxiij hys kyngdome is made foure kyngdomes liiiij the yonger sonne of Hircanus lxxiij he is called the Goote lx Seuerus xcvij. a byshop of Rome ciii● hys extreme tyranny agaynst the emperoure Frederycke clx Altonsus kyng of Spayne and an Astronomer clxviij kynge of Naples fo clxxxiiij Alphonse diasye a traytours ●●●rtherer fo cclxij Allegories of Origene nothyng sett by fo xcvi Alzachenus kyng fo ccvi A●●asyas kyng geuen to Godlynes fo xv Ambision punyshed xxi xxxix lxiiij cxxiiij cxxxv cxlv Ambrose sprakyng of Theodosius fo cxc Amon the wycked fo xvij Am●s fo xvi Amu●us fo ▪ xxv A●astasius cxviij was put into a monastery fo cxxv Amurates became a mouche fo clxxxi Amyntas kyng of Macedony fo xlii Ancus Marlius fo xxvij Anabaptistes do resemble the Ess●is lxxiiij They take the cytye of Mynster in Westphalen and they make themselfe a kyng fo cci ccvij ccviij Andrewe Carolostade clxxxviij Andrew de Aurea cxcix ccvij Anthony de Lena fo cxcix Anthony fo lxxxvi Pi●s xcv Bassianua fo xcvi Anne Bollen behedded fo ccx Anne Askew burned fo cclxx AntiChriste .lxix. Mahomet a a part of hym fo cxxij Antigonus lxiiii lxvi Antiochus the great lxvi lxvij the occasyon of the warre wyth the Romaynes lxvij Epiphanes is lent to Rome for a pledge lxvij Wherefore called Epiphanes ibidem his iorney into Egypt lxviij to Ierusalem ibidem his seconde iorney to Ierusalem lxix the tyranny of hym in the cytye ibid Danyel resembleth hym to Antichrist ibid. his vnpunyshemente for hys vngodlynesse lxx Hierax lxvi Eupater lxxvi Sedetes lxx Soter lxvi Theos lxvi Epimates fo lxvij Antipater lxix prince of Ioumea lxxiii Is made gouerner of Iurp by Iulius Cesar fo lxxv ▪ Answer at Delphis fo xxiiij Appius vnshamefast and a Tyrant folix An apparition wounderfull in Denmarke fo cciiij Apsymarus ●o cxxv Arboces fo xlviij Arbogastes fo cviij Arcadins fo cix Archelaus was exyled of Augustus fo lxxv Areta kyng of Arabia lxxiij Argires fo cclxxviij Arideus brother to Alexander fo lxiiij Aristobulus fo lxxiij Aristoteles lvij his elders lviij his philosophi fo xcvi Arminius fo lxxxviij Arsames fo liij Arnoldus Duke of Banary fo cxxxix Arnolfus Emperoure cxxxv Arrius an open reader in the schole of Alexandria ciiij. his death ibid. he was the forerunner of Mahomet cv his doctryne fo ciiij Artaxarxses wyth the long hād mnemon lij wherfore he was called with the long hand xxx Artycles of the seditious Rustikes fo clxxxviij Aristona fo xlviij Assuerus fo xxx xlviij Asatoke away y ● wycked seruice of god fo xiiij Ascanius Iulius fo xxi Asia decayed fo lx Astronomy was renewed by Frederyke the seconde clxiiij Astyages dreame xxxi hys crueltye fo xxxij Ataulphus king of the Gooths fo
Maximilian d 〈…〉 th Maximilian warreth against the Venecians Lewis kyng of Fraunce Iulius the by shop of Rom. was discomfited in a battaill by the citie Rauennas vpon Easter daye What Electors chose Charles that now is Emperoure Martine Luther ▪ Charles y ● Frances the French king taken The commotion of vplan●y●h m●n Schapler Twelue articles of the sedicious rustikes Thomas Mynter Iohn Ocal●padius Huldrich Zwinglius renew the doctrine of Berengarius ●ndreas ●arolestadius Rome taken by Burbon With what an ●●ost Sol 〈…〉 yd be 〈…〉 ge ●iēn● Charles is crowned Emperour at Bonony by the bysh of Ro. The parliament of ●usborow An ouerflowyng at Ro. Clemens the vij is taken Ferdinande kyng of Hungary A Comete sene The Switzer warre within themselues The parliament holden at Regēspurg Prophecies of recouering Constantinople and of roting the Turkes out of Europa Laurentius Miniatensis an Astronomer A Comete sene Writers of Histories Cronicles What the mutacions of kyngdomes de signifye Agathias Ctesias The conuocation or counsaill holden at Ramsburgh The duke of Saxon agreeth not to the election of y e kyng of the Romaines The seconde breakyng in of Soliman into Germany Guns assaulted of the Turke by the space of .xij. daies The wall of 〈◊〉 falleth 〈…〉 e by it ●elfe Anthony de Leua Andrewe de Aurea The citie of Corona takē The Emperourre turned into Italy to the Pope The Pope meteth themperour at Bononia Battell moued in England against the Scottes The death of Iohn duke of Saxon. Iohn Frederick duke of Saxon. A Comete or blasing starre ●●●● A great in●●●cion of wat●● in Hollād Seeland c. Christerne k●n● of D●● 〈…〉 ke after h●● retur●●ta 〈…〉 oure 〈…〉 e 〈…〉 l. A mōstruous Calfe borne by y e sea coste aboute Lindowe The Emperour Charles retourneth from Genua into Spaine Newe Indes or Ilandes plentyfull of golde and siluer founde out by the Spāyardes A solēpne cōmunycacyon holdē at Massilia betwene y e Pope the French kinge The duke of Orleans marieth the Popes cosyn The Euangelycal bōd is opened by y e french kyng Another Comete or blasing starre apeared Shiltagh burned downe to y e ground A great Pestilence in Germany A great earthquake tempest of wind Kynge henry the .viii was d●uorsed frō hys fyrste wyfe maried to an other 1534. The Anabaptystes t●ke the Cytye of Mynster in Westphale The Anabaptystes make them a kyng Knypperdullynge c. kregh tynge Philip Landgraue of Hessen The Citie of Minster besieged by y ● bi●hop Scarcitye of victualles in Mynster The Anabaptistes eate lether couerynges of bookes Philip landgraue of Hessen goeth about to set his vncle into his owne land agayn Philip y ● palatine put to flyght and wounded Hulderike duke of wi●tēberg restored to his o●●● d 〈…〉 ō A peace graūted vnto y ● ●an●g●a ●e on them perours behalf The lādgraue retourneth into his owne lande A cōmēdatiō of liberalyty boldenes in y e landgraue a cōmēdatiō of pacience mekenes in thēperour y e kyng of Hungary The death of Frederike kyng of Dēmarke A straunge thing or tokē happened about y ● dead corps of the kynge The erle of Oldēboroughe ● y ● Lubekes inuade y ● dukedom of h●lsa●es The death of George weuer markes mayer A peace concluded betwene the towne of Lubeke and the dukedom of ho sure The captaynes of Lubeke desyrous to inuade dēmarcke A newe war ●● A wōderfull apparitiō in Dēmarke Henry king of Ingland excōmunicated by the pope The Pope hath ●● authority ouer Ingland king Hēnry forsaketh y t Pope A bokt sett furth vp kinge henry againste the primacpe of y e Pope King Henry ioined in cōfederatin̄ with y t Princes mayntainers of ● gospel Ireland rebe●●eth against their prince Pope Clement dyeth Paule y ● ▪ iii. chosen to be Pope Sophi p●in●● of y ● Persians ●●●●●beth y ● Turk Imbrai bassa Imbray bassa with hys host slayne The Turke cometh againste y ● sayde Sophy The turke cōpassed aboute of the Periyans The Turke escapeth ●a ro●e●● with a lewe Barbarossa inuabeth the kyngdome of Tunyse Barbarossa suodueth Affryca the lesse Kynge Altzachenus expelled from Tunyse The 〈◊〉 of Breda burned Great tempestes of wind Waters ryuers excedingly increassed ●● y ● ●ande of Pole The duke of Millā marieth y ● dough●●r 〈…〉 y ● kyng Denmarke Themperour prepareth an armada towardes Affrica The kingdō of Tunise rec●●●red b● the pe●our Barbarossa ex●●lled frō Tunise Kyng Altzachenus restored to hys kyngdome of Tunise The castell of Golleta reserued for themperour Themperour returneth frō Affrica Barbarossa inuadeth the Ile of Minorca The Affricanes attempte rebellion Andrewe ●e Aurea apointed to kepe y e Affricanes in awe The sect of the Anabaptistes in creas●eth The Anabaptistes ●●kem●●●w 〈…〉 ● go naked The Anabaptistes within 〈…〉 e ●pp●●lled The madnes of the Anabaptistes The Anabaptistes beleued that Minster was new Ierusalem A woman would conterfet Iudith The kynge 〈…〉 ing and knipperdulling taken The kyng of the ●●baptistes with his cōsellers put to death Christian duke of Holston chosen to be kyng in Denmarke The count of Hoya and the Erle of Teckelborough slayne Louedayes kept in Hungary The kyng of Poles maried the daughter of ●erd●●anto kyng of Bohemy The death of the Duke of Mylan The duke of ●a●er marieth the daughter of Denmarke ●ir Thomas more Chauncelour of England and y ● byshop of Rochester beheaded The monkes of the charter house A wonderful tempest Neuer suche a tēpest sene Quene Katherine dow●ger dieth Quene Anne Bullyn be headed Que. Iane Semour maried to the kyng of Enland The citie of Geneue besieged Preachers of the Gospel ordeyned ●● Sa●●● Iulius Lesar builded Clausa Rodani The French kyng claymeth the succession of Mila●e It is the condicion of an ap● to countr●faite all y ● is done in his ●●ght Aprai●● of the author The Emporoures complaynt to the Pope agaīst the Frenche kyng The Empeperoures request The Popes aunswere The Emperoures retourne from Rome A trap●one put to death at ●po●s The Count of Nassowe Perone besyeged The Euangelical bond The Synode or conuocatiō of Wittenborough Swinglius cōsenteth not with Luter in the opinion of the Sacramēt A new peace concluded betwene the sea townes of Eastlande Denmarke The citie of Copenhage beseged by y ● kyng D●g●es and 〈…〉 Coppenhagh yelded vp to● kyng Warborough taken Markes mayer taken and quartered Ag●●ly e●●ple for all kynges and conquerours The practise of papistes All the byshoys of Dēmarck deposed Iohn Bugen hagh Thepreachig of the gospell instituted in Denmarke xxiiij thousād parishes in Denmarch Norway furnyshed with preachers The coronation of Lhristiane siyng of Denmarck The vntuersitie of Luppenhaghe furnyshed with mēlearned in y ● scripturs Liuinges appointed for preachers ●●d●●s in Dē 〈…〉 Thimbassadours of England at Wittenbourgh Doctour ●●n●● An olde prophecy of Enland The Lorde Darcy with other Edwarde the sy●t borne The death
❧ The thre bokes of Cronicles whyche Iohn Carion a man syngularly well sene in the Mathematycall sciences Gathered wyth great diligence of the beste Authours that haue written in Hebrue Greke or Latine ✚ Whervnto is added an Appendix conteynyng all such notable thynges as be mentyoned in Cronicles to haue chaunced in sundry partes of the worlde from the yeare of Christ 1532. To thys present yeare of 1550. Gathered by Iohn Funcke of Nurenborough ¶ Whyche was neuer afore prynted in Englysh Cum Priuilegio ad Imprimendum solum ●o the moste excellente Prince Edwarde the syxte by the grace of God Kyng of England Fraunce and Irelande Defendour of the fayth and in earth immediatly vnder God supreme head of the church of Englande and Irelande your graces humble and obeysaunt subiect Gwalter Lynne wysheth aboundance of all grace and Godlynes wyth a long and prosperous raygne COnsyderyng that the knowledge of thynges past most excellent prince is most necessarye for such as woulde passe ouer the tyme to come in a decent and Godly order and that the greatest nombre of youre Maiesties people doo not vnderstande other languages then theyr naturall tounge I haue thought it my duetye beynge one that spendeth all hys tyme in the settynge forth of bokes in the Englyshe tounge emongest all other to set forth thys shorte Cronicle Wherein is briefly declared all that is nedefull to be knowen concernyng thynges done in tymes passed The learned haue 〈…〉 the latyne tounge and therfore my laboure maye seme the lesse profytable vnto them But yet yf my knowledge would haue serued me to haue translated it as eloquētly as it is written in latyne I doubt not but the learned also myghte haue founde some swetnes in my laboures And not wythstandynge my rudenes most excellent Prynce I trust your maiestie wyll after your accustomed clemencye accept my good wyll whyche thynge I do not doubte shall encourage all faythfull englyshe men to embrace my laboures and gather the fruytes of the same To prayse the worcke which being set forth to be reade of all men wyll prayse it self were but a labour halfe loste for such a thing nedeth no prayse but is so manifestly good that all men that reade it shalbe forced to prayse it Other prayse therfore I wyll not geue it but that it is a worcke worthy the name of so excellent a prynce as your mayestye is and therfore worthy to be embraced of all your faythfull subiectes Whyche thynge I most hartely wyshe to come to passe to the glorye of God your Maiestyes honour and the profyte of all your faythfull subiectes Sobeit Your Graces humble subiect and dayly Orator Gwalter Lynne ▪ The 〈…〉 ●eadynge hystoryes ALthough the readyng of Hystoryes be profytable to euery man in generall for many causes as we hereafter shall declare yet doth it chyefely belonge to kynges and great men And hystoryes maye worthely be called theyr bokes because that the knoweledge of them is profytable and necessary for all them whyche are ordeyned to rule a commune welth For not onely the Heythen hystoryes do make euery where much mentyon of prynces but also the hystoryes of holy scrypture For besyde that the holy scryptures do make mentyon of the wyll of God and of hys worde and also of Christes spyrytuall kyngdome they teache also of polityke administration and set forth manye notable examples whych are necessary to be knowen in the gouernaunce of a commune weale and by the whych the myndes of Prynces may be sturred and inflamed to the endeuour of ryght pryncely vertues The hystoryes of the Heythen declare of the ofsprynge and begynnynge of great realmes and for what causes alteracyons and great chaunges do befall in realmes besides that they do conteine also preceptes of vocatyens and powres by the whych commune weales be stablyshed and preserued And for thys cause chefely are hystoryes worthy to be called the bokes of great prynces and lordes Seinge now that it is necessary that euery man had nede of two maner of powers namely the politike or external and beside this by the faith and drede toward God the examples of ether of them are propoundid and set before vs in the histories And that we maye first speake of ciuil powres Princes and all suche as are set to gouerne greate thynges must fyrste and chefelye considre and beholde those examples and histories by the which they maye be admonished howe they also maye faithfully behaue themselues in gouerning a cōmune weale In this must they set befor them the examples of good princes and kinges and must learne of them by what meanes wyth what vocacions chefely they haue vsed in gouernynge or rulinge empyres that they haue had respect to nothinge saue only to the commune profyt that they haue only considered and exercised iustice and equite that they haue punished greueously sinne that they haue not warred for euery cause but that they haue oft kept peace by the polytyque forberynge of iniuryes Also in theyr defence they were of a doughtye and stronge courage they haue vsed great gentylnesse and loyalte towarde the goode and peaceable Fynallye they haue endeuoured to enuyrone their realmes wyth stronge fortresses and greate powre besyedes the anauncemente of Godlynesse and goode maners In the examples of tirauntes must they marke y e contrarye namelye that theyr endes were full of miserye and by reason of theyr crueltye per●y●yous and soo there happened deadly alterations in the commune weale Of thys wyse is it euident that Pharao peryshed by reason of tyranny and for lyke cause were the Romane kynges dryuen out Oftymes also haue Princes vndone themselues ech other by reason of pryde enuy or hatred the whych somtyme grew of a thynge of no value Lyke as Pompeius had no cause to oppresse Iulius Cesar saue only enuy The lawes of y e Graccyans amonge the Romanes do beare wytnesse that newe alteracyon or chaunge doeth oft geue occasyon of cruell warres Nother hath the Turkysh empyre hys ofsprynge by any other occasyon saue by heresy and dissentyon of learnynge and doctryne of the fayth Daungerous conspyracyons cause oft tymes that kyngdomes are ouerthrowen the whyche wytnesseth the example of the Athenians whyche loste theyr gouernaunce and goodes by reason of such leagues as they had made To obserue and marke such thynges in readyng of hystoryes doth greatly auayle them that beare rule that thereby they maye learne to beware in theyr gouernaunce lest any suche lyke do befall For such cases do dayly befall Yea though the persons do somtyme chaunge in cōmune welthes neuerthelesse so much as is concernynge the equalytye of mattiers the worlde is and alwayes abydeth lyke to hymselfe Wherfore Thucydydes whych was excellent both in knowledge of Martyall affayres and had himselfe endured a great contynuall warre the which he him selfe wrote wyth dyuers other thinges said most truely Histories is a treasure which neuer ought to be layde out
sayenge of Helias house THe worlde shall stande syxe thousand yeres and after shall it falle Two thousande yeares wythout the Lawe Two thousande yeares in the lawe Two thousande yeares the tyme of Christ And yf these yeares be not accomplyshed oure synnes shall be the cause whyche are greate and many That is to saye the worlde shall stande two M. yeres without any prescript admynistration certayn lawe of the word of God but whan these be gone there shalbe geuen the circumcysyon and lawe besydes thys shall a certayne polytique lawe and seruice of God be institute out of Gods worde and thys state shall laste two thousande yeares After thys shall Christ folowe and the tyme of the gospell shall lykewyse stande aboute two thousande yeares but here shall some yeares want For God shall wyth the hayste of hys commynge preuent it that the yeres of this age shal not be accomplished the whiche Christe hymselfe in the xxiiii chapiter of S. Matthewe sayeth Wythoute those dayes had ben shortened all fleshe shulde not be saued We shall in wrytynge of the hystorye vse thys order and diuide the boke in thre partes whereof the fyrst shal comprehende those thinges which are chaunced betwene the tymes of Adam and Abraham For those are the fyrste thousande yeares Of these is not much written but suche thynges as are moost worthy of memory and of these times there is no certainte but of that which is found wrytten in the Byble The nexte age of two thousand yeares shalbe counted from Abraham vntill Christis commyng all though concerninge to the full numbre of the yeares the tyme is not accomplyshed For as we haue sayde before God maketh hayst to the latter day As for thys age is the propre and bery age of the worlde in the which the moost myghtye kyngdomes and monarchies haue succeded ech other by a certayn order nether hath the worlde euer so declared hys force and myght as in this age Wherfore we shall deuide thys tyme in foure monarchyes For it semeth that God wolde the worlde to be maintened by a certaine gouernaunce in hys place that a certen means of shame and honesty might be conseruid and the wicked mighte be punished and for that cause hath he institute Monarchies Such Monarchies are kingdomes where the chefe and vpper power of al thinges pertaineth to one alone for the conseruation of commune peace and ryght Such a monarchy was of so great puissaunce that the exterior of foren kinges could not withstande or oppresse it And by a certain ordinary succession were only four such monarchies The fyrst was of the Assirians y ● second of the Persians after them the Grekes at the last y ● Romanes And to the honor of such an empire or superiorite hath God exalted y ● Germanes before other nations in these latter times For though the Roman empire be some deal minished now a daies for as it was prophecyed before it was y ● pleasure of god that y ● monarchies shuld finally decay neuerthelesse the maiesty remaineth by the Romane empire nether is ther any king but he hath a respect towardes y t kingdome Moreouer though we haue not alway alyke mighty Emperoures neuerthelesse God prouidinge so there happeneth somtime an Emperour of such power y t the maiesty of the empire may be conserued and that to hold vp the religion and concorde of al natyons The Germane princes and chefely the electors ought to estime grearly this their honour that they haue such high autoritye cōmitted them of God to preserue religyon iustice and commune peace For verely it is of great force that thys monarchy be preserued thoug it be not so very great Therfore ought y ● princes to beware lest ther ryse any sedes of sedition discord among them which might geue occasion to cause this empire to decay For whan this empire wyich is the head of al good gouernaunce or administratiō in the worlde now a daies shuld be diuided pulled asunder or waisted it could not be but that ther shuld folowe a perturbation of al degrees in euery part of Christendom the which is gretly to be doubted without God do preuent such misery with his last cōming For holy scripture doth cōforte vs teach openly that after y t this Germaine empire shal decay faile y t latter day shal straight waye folowe This is sufficient to be spoken of monarchies lest any man be ignoraunt that al histories and al thinges done in the world must be referred to these monarchies And besides that y ● obseruing of the order doth ayde y ● memory it doth also not a litle helpe thervnto y t one may se how for what causes kingdomes are chaunged wherby is to be learned how al those things are to be eschued which cōmunely bring chaūges of kingdomes The last age frō y ● natiuite of Christ vntyll the worldes ende doth like wise contayne two M. yeres although we haue said before that the yeres of this age shulde not be whole that the two thousand yeres may be complete This sētence of Elias truely conteineth many notable doctrines is chefely to be considered therfore because that from the natiuite of Christe it speaketh also of that tyme in the whiche the ende of al thinges is to be loked for and therefore haue ▪ I sett it in the begynnynge of the boke that it myghte be commytted to euery mans hearing But howe that the Rhomane monarchye dyd begynne after the incarna●yon of Christ and how the succession came to the Germanes also how the Mahometysh or Turkysh empire beganne and howe the Popyshnesse hath gotten encrease offoren power all these thynges shall we shewe in thys thyrde parte But thys also is chefely to be noted with diligence in readyng of histories that God hath institute two maner of kyngdomes the one a worldly kingdome the other a kyngdome of Christ and therefore it is necessary to marke here ▪ howe that the churche hath begonne euen from the begynnynge of the worlde and by whatt maner God hath alwayes kept her Therfore that godly myndes maye haue a confyrmation of theyr fayth we shall note by the state the tyme of eche of the kingdomes where and by whome the kyngdome of Christ was and what state it was in than the knowledge of whiche thinge bringeth no small profite to godlye readers Adam is sett in a Paradyse of pleasure to whome is forbyden the tree of lyfe Genesis ij Adam and Heua are deceyued by the suttelty of the serpent Thence comthe transgressyon of the commaundement and Synne The firste boke of the Cronicles whych conteyneth the fyrste two thousande yeares From Adam vntyll Abrahams tyme. HOly scrypture doeth teache vs that God created heauen and earth after that man Adam and Heua and sat them in paradyse that is that they beynge set oute of daunger of death and synne mighte lyue in the earth happely but when they forgat
the commaundement of God geuen they fell into the daunger of synne and death But forasmuch as all this is clearly written in the holy Bible out of the whiche they oughte to be learned it is invaine to speake thereof here it is sufficient onelye to aduertish the reader that the worlde standeth by these beginninges and that Adam and Heua are created of God whyche are the ofspringe of all mankinde Moreouer about the very time of creation dyd God institute the ciuyll adminystratyon when he gaue Adam power ouer all those thynges that are in the earth and sea that he shoulde vse them and should sett a good order in all those thinges that are exteriour That commaundemente of God is the springe and beginninge of all lawes and whatsoeuer ciuile ordinaunces there are are begonne of it the whiche are approued and alowed of God by reason of this commaundemente geuen to Adam The churche hath her begynnynge here also For the commaundemente wherein they shoulde exercyse theyr fayeth and feare before God was here geuen but whan they began to synne hath God disclosed the power of Sathan and against it hath promysed the Gospell or glad tydynge of the womans sede that is of Christe that Christe shoulde come and wayst Sathans kyngdome and shoulde delyuer vs from synne and death into liberte Thys was the fyrst preachinge of the Gospell whiche beganne the churche and Christus kyngdome For in the churche muste not onely be preached the commaundementes of good workes but also the forgeuenesse of synnes by Christ for thereby onelye are we reconciled to God and endure agaynst death and all maner of temtation whan by fayth we take the promyse of forgeuenesse of synnes And of thys wyse toke Adam and Heua consolacion out of the word that Christe was promysed and of these two persons is the churche fyrste begonnne Besyde thys was it necessary also they should suffer temporall afflictions for they were dryuen out of paradyse that is they were subiecte to death and all maner of other myseries and so lyued theyr dayes in laboure and trauayl in that lande which the Iewes possessed afterwarde For it is written that they were created by the cytye Damascus Of Cain and Abel SCrypture sayth that Adam and Heua broughte forth children and that Cain slewe hys brother Abel And here begynneth the persecution of the sayntes of the wicked men and is and example very dredefull For thys manslaughter happened for none other cause than for y ● seruice of god the which whan it is done purely Sathan can not abyde it for the whyche cause he sturreth Cain to slaye his brother that the worde of God and syncere doctrine maye be quenched And this dede sheweth howe vehement is the ire of Sathan and rage also what mannes fraylnesse and blindnesse is There are by the waye rehearsed in this history weyghty and graue preachinges of the iudgement of Christ to come of the dredefull vengeaunce for sheddinge of bloude the whiche to rehearse here were to longe Cain after that he fled hys fathers sight he began to buylde the citye called Enoch Hys chyldren inuented all maner of handycraftes and sciences Finally for the manslaughter was he punished for he dyed a lyke kynde of death Of Seth. AFter this was Seth boren to Adam thys man beynge famous and renomed for his endeuour of honest and godlynesse enforced after Abel to auaunce and augment Gods kyngdome Of this Seth were afterward engendred holy fathers and the remnaunt of thys kynred remayned But the posterytie of Cain was whole drowned in the floude Iosephus wytnesseth that Adam and Seth made two tables the one of brasse the other of stone and that in them wer grauen the worde of God and prophesyes by the whiche the worde of God was kepte He wryteth moreouer that they diuided the yeare into twelue monethes and that they obserued fyrste the course of starres and taught it For it had not bene possible that the minde of man coulde haue attayned to the searching of so high and wounderfull things without God had opened them the knowledge of them Wherfore to Adam and Seth we must ascribe the word of god the figures of the letters and the greatest sciences Ther are also many witnesses among the Grekes that the writinge and all sciences are come of the Iewes aunceters For Herodotus writeth in his fyfte boke that the Grekes haue receaued theyr sciences and letters of the Phenices The age of Adam was nyne hundreth and thirty yeares and reached vntill the time of Noes father but he dieth hundreth and. 26. yeares before Noe was borne But in this tyme is written to be happened nothinge worthy of rehearsall vntyll Noes tyme saue only genealogy that in the meane whyle we maye know surelye of whom it behoued Christ to be borne But neuerthelesse by the waye maketh scripture mention of the death of Enoch that he be taken vp by God the whiche dede God hath sett before the worldes eyen that it mighte know and beleue that there is immortalitie after thys lyfe and that God shall iudge and saue the good truely but punish the wycked Of the Floud THE scripture maketh mention that the worlde was punished of God and ioyneth therto the occasions thereof namely that it begann to peier and amonge the chefest of the euels are named the despisynge of God aduoutry and tyranny in the which is vsed all maner of wylfulnesse and wantonnesse For of this wyse saieth the text The childeren of holy men beganne to become tyrauntes vpon earth by the which is signified that whan Gods worde was despised and hys worshyp they liued vnmaneredly and an vnbrydeled lyfe they oppressed the weake and poore accordinge to their pleasure and vsed wylfulnesse of rulinge as they would For cause of these thinges did God threaten the worlde wyth the floude and before the same should come he wylled Noe to preach it an hundreth yeare before that some beynge conuerted mighte be saued Whan Noe was sixe hundreth yeare olde came the floude and accordinge to Goddes commaundement went he into the arcke with his wyfe and his thre sonnes Sem Cham and Iaphet taking with them their wiues and was saued The residue of men and beastes hath the floude taken awaye and destroied And are from the creation of the world vntyll the tyme of the floude thousand sixe hundreth and sixe and fiftye yeares Of the tyme after the Floude WHan Noe had now ben aboue an half yeare in the arcke and that the floud mynyshed the arcke rested vpon the hyghesthyl of Armenia and after the yeres ende whan the earth beganne to drye Noe was commaunded of God to leaue the arcke wherein he had now ben a whole yeare Than dyd God ordeine as it were a new worlde agayne For fyrst he gaue hys worde by the which he promysed not to drowne the world agayne and in token of certayntye he gaue the Raynebowe which shulde admonysh
vs of the promyse made and of thys wyse hath he set before vs tokens of beneuolence and mercy to exercyse the fayth He hath also than permitted the lybertye to cate flesh the which the holy fathers before the floude dyd neuer vse Besyde thys gaue God a new commaundement of outwarde administration and commaunded more playnly that mansleyers shoulde lykewyse be putt to death by those that be lawfullye permittted that is by the officers Of thys wyse than is a new state of the worlde ordeyned agayn All these thynges haue I brefely recyted specially that euery man may call to minde and waye by hymselfe how great Gods wrath is for synne For God would cause the worlde to be more ware by this example because he wyliudge and auenge it is also shewed that God shall once iudge the whole worlde for he will not that synne be vnreuenged or vnpunished Some haue written that seynge the worlde hath fyrst be drowned with waters it maye be gathered by naturall reasons that it shall after thys be consumed wyth fyre Yea and this is worthy to be marked that they whiche belong to god are kept of him though they be few abiect and despised This is also to be noted in thys place that the ciuyll power is ordeined and punishment for manslaughter For that is nerehande the heade of all ciuill exercise of iustice after the which all other cases and trespaces ought to be iudged Of the Tower of Babel AFter the floude whan mankynd was now encreased the Tower of Babel and the citie of Babilon was begon to be buylded by the Chaldees that they might begyn a kyngdome ther and subdue to them other nations or people But thys enterpryse hath God ouerthrowen For whan they all vsed before one language it befell that after the commune speche was chaunged they spake one one maner of language another another so that they vnderstode not eche other Wherfore there was a diuision of speches and the worke it selfe was left vnperfect The posterite of Noe than was strowed here and ther in the world the which the fygure folowynge shall declare Sem the eldest sonne of Noe of whose kynred is Christe hath wyth hys childeren possessed that parte of Siria whiche is towarde the Easte For of Aram hys sonne came the Syrians of Assur came the Assyrians of Arphaxat came the Chaldeis of Elam are the Persyans spronge Cham the seconde sonne of Noe hath optayned that countrye whyche goeth towarde the South Of Canaan are come the Chananeis of Mizraim came the Egyptyans of Chus came the Ethiopians of Saba came the Arabians Iaphet the longest sonne of Noe went to the North and West and this is the father of vs all and therefore his name founde by the Poetes whych haue called him Iapetus Of his sonne Iauan or Iaon are the Grekes whiche are called Iones for they be the first Grekes And the voice Ianan or Iaon is no doute the same whom the Latines do call Ianus They vsed to paynte him with a double vysage before and behinde because that of hym be sprouge both the nations the Grekes and the Latines and as oft they would begynne any thinge they worshipped him wyth a spngulare honour by the whyche they wytnessed that they counted Iaon their father Iaons sonne was Cethim of whome are called the Macedones and thys confyrmeth the fyrste boke of the Machabees and the worde Machetim sygnifyeth in Hebrue of Cethim of the whiche is spronge the worde Macedo For Stephanus the expounder of Greke wordes wryteth that the auncient dyd saye Macetis Iaon had manye chyldren Elisa and Dodanim of the whiche haue their beginninge the Aeoles or Hellas and the Dodoneies all these are the first of the Grekes Of Tarsis Iaons sonne is Tharsus in Cilicia called Iaphet had other chylderen also Gomer Magog Tyras and Mesech Of Gomer are the Cunerij or Cimbry as witnesseth Eusebius Of Ascanes Gomers sonne came the Tuiscones that is the Germanes Of Magog are spronge the Scythe and of them are begonne the Turkes Of Thyras come the Thraces I haue brefelye shewed what part of the worlde eche of Noes chylderen hath possessed the which doeth greately auayle better to vnderstande many hystoryes Of the fyrst Monarchye THat it maye be vnderstande how the worke of God muste be knowen and honored in those thynges that the magistrate or superiorite doeth we haue aduertysed before in the preface that God willed to entertayne the world by foure Monarchies to the intent that policye iustice and correction mighte be entertayned amonge men for this cause are many thynges spoken here and there of these Monarchies in holy scripture God hath proposed them to Daniel two maner of waye First vnder the figure of a greate man whose heade was golden the brest of syluer the belly of copper the legges of yron the fete partely of earth partly also of yron And lest we should not know that then finally shal y ● end of the world be there is added how that the stone Christ doeth breake his fete that the man hymself do fall and so do the world cease Daniel hym self hath expounded this vision of the foure monarchies For he saieth that the head doth signifie the first kyngdome that is the Monarchie of the Assyrians The brest of siluer sygnifieth the kyngdome of the Persians The belly of copper signifyeth the kyngdome of the Grekes The legges of yron signifyeth the kyngdome of the Romanes The fete of yron and earth signifyeth the state of the Empire of Rome at this tyme namely that now a dayes is much lesse and weaker than it was wont to be The foure beastes shewed vnto Daniel do also pretende these foure kyngdomes The Lyonesse sygnifyeth the force of the Assyrians The Beere sygnifieth the Persian empyre The Leoparde signifieth Alexander By the fourth beast are the Romanes signifyed And there is added that besyde the Romaine empyre there shall ryse an other empyre full of cruelnesse and suche one that shall make a new lawe agaynst Gods worde And that is the Mahometish and Turkysh empyre now a dayes God wyll haue vs so truely warned that as we knowe the histories of al the worlde we should consyder that the tyme of finishyng be not farre of and that of this wise we should haue wherewith to confirme our faith In the Bible it is manifest that the fyrst kingdome beganne by Nemrod amonge the Babylonians and the scripture calleth him a valyaunt hunter before God that is a mighty prynce which wyth force subdued men to obeye And he is called a hunter before the Lorde as Gods hunter whereby it is signifyed that the ciuill power is ordeyned of God as a vengeaunce and that she be a minister of God Wherfore the fyrst Monarchye beganne by the Chaldeis as wytnesseth also Xenophon and the successors of Cham raygned fyrst of the whyche dyd Nemroth yssue For though Noe had cursed
the Pandectes of the ciuyll lawe He wrote also whole bookes wherof we haue sene some Moreouer in his tyme lyued Ptolomeus the astronomian of whom we do worthely make mencion For it hath pleased God that so excellent doctrines should be kept and reserued vntyll these our tymes through this man Nether truely was this Ptolomeus a kyng for at that tyme had Egypte cea●sed of hauyng kynges but was a philosopher at Alexandria in Egypte For God had garnyshed Egypte with mathematicall sciences sence the tyme of Ioseph the sonne of Iacob the patriarke by whome Egypte had fyrst receaued them and kept them vntyll this Ptolomeus and that is about twoo thousande yeares For first Alexander afterwarde the Romanes also had Egypte in greate estimacion for thys cause and lest so noble sciences should perishe they bestowed muche cost to entertayne the Schole whiche then finally wente too nought also whan the kyngdome of Egypte was translated from the Romanes and was myserably spoyled by Mahomet But that at the least some remnaunt of so necessary sciences should remayne no doubt but God would them to be set in an order by this man that they maye be kept of them that come after ▪ for the whiche thyng God is greatly to be thanked But how litle they of Mahomets secte are worthy to be called men ye that they may be rather called beastes than men doth it appeare thereby that they willed so auncient a scole to peryshe be lost whiche had nowstande and floryshed aboue two thousand yeres being kept by so noble princes in the whiche were taught all maner of wysdome and learnynge not wythout the hygh benefite of God Soter the xij byshop of Rome succeded Anycetus who ordeined that they that were spoused shoulde be wedded openly before the Churche or congregacion The yeare of Christe C. lxxxiij COmmodus the .xv. Emperoure gouerned xij yeare and was equall euen to Nero in cruelnesse Eleuterius succeded Soter in the byshopricke The yeare of Christe C. xcv Aelius Pertinax the .xvi. Emperoure reigned syxe monethes He was slayne of Iulianus who had bought the name of an Emperoure of the souldiours The yeare of Christe C. xcvi Didius Iulianus the .xvii. Emperour reigned vii monethes He was very wel learned in y ● lawe He was slayne by Seuerus The yeare of Christ C. xcvi SEuerus the .xviij. Emperoure reigne eightene yeres The same restored agai 〈…〉 the empire that was decaied wyth sundry perels Victor the .xiiij. byshop of Rome succeded Ele●therius in the byshopryke Zepherinus the .xv. succeded victor In his tyme was Origene who taught the holy scripture at Alexandria This mans bokes were afterwarde refused because he brought in vnprofitable disputations and allegoryes Afterwarde was it the common fashion to mengle the phylosophy of Plato with holy scripture whereof the churche had great dammage and inconuenience For the phylosophy of Plato is farre from the common trade of lyuing and contrary wyse the philosophy of Aristotel hath a beawtiful and ryght order and yf she be wel vsed exercised and vnderstande she may verely brynge muche profite to Christen men that be learned The yeare of Christe .cc. xiiij ANtonius Bassianus Caracalla the .xix. Emperoure reygned syxe yeares He commaunded hys brother Germane Geta to be slayne He was wedded to his stepmother He required of Papinianus the great lawier to excuse the manslaughter that he had done with hys brother to the whiche Papinian aunswered It were not so easy to defende a manslaughter as to committe or do it Wherfore dyd Antonius cause to slaye Papinianus also which was worthy to be reputed taken for a lawier namely because for righteousnesse and honesties sake he woulde rather yeoparde his lyfe than to alowe a dishoneste dede Not longe after the Emperoure Bassianus was duely rewarded for his tyranny whan he lykewyse was slayne Calistus the .xvi. byshop of Rome succeded Zepherinus Macrinus the .xx. Emperoure wyth hys sonne Diad●●menus raygned but one yeare and two monethes They were both slayne The yeare of Christ CC. xx● VArus Heliogabalus the .xxi. Emperour raigned foure yeares He left no remembraunce of him saue of a moost fylthye beaste at the last was he slayne by the souldyours The yeare of Christ CC. xxv ALexander Seuerus the .xxij. Emperoure his mother was called Mammea He raigned xi●● yeares He was made Emperoure beyng no more than twelue yeare old ordeined by the souldiours and that dyd the Senate alowe He is greately praysed for hys diligence and Godlynesse In all thinges vsed he the counsell of Vlpianus the lawier only nether spake he wyth anye man alone saue wyth the same But the souldiours toke that in euyll worth and specially because that by thys mans counsel they were kepte more straytely in their duety by the Emperoure And whan for thys cause vpon a tyme the souldyours rushynge vpon hym threatened to slaye hym the Emperoure stept forth and set his bodye in the daungers of Vlpianus and couered hym wyth his cloake that the souldiours myghte vnderstande that the Emperour cared for Vlpianus health Thys was a notable example of Emperyall vertue whereby is euidentlye declared that greate men ought not to regarde theyr lyfe and body for the mayntenaunce of iustice and ryhteousnesse Vrbanus the fyrst of that name the .xvij. bishop of Rome succeded Calistus Pontianus the .xviij. succeded Vrbanus The yeare of Christ CC. xxxviij MAximinus the .xxiij. Emperoure raygned thre yeares The same whan he was yonge was a shepeherde in Thracia afterwarde folowed he the warre and for the vnacustomed greatnesse of hys bodye wyth the whyche he had a syngular boldnesse ioyned he mounted by processe of tyme so hygh that he was chosen Emperoure of the army wythout anye consent or authoritie of the Senate He subdued Germany vntyll the wood Hercinia and the vpper parte of it vntyll the Frankes He vsed greate tyrannye wherefore ordeyned the Senate other Emperoures agaynste hym and for that cause were somtyme feldes foughten amongest the Romanes in the which the yonger Gordianus was slayne and the elder Gordianus hanged hym selfe But fynally was Maximinus slayne of the souldiours wyth hys sonne by Aquileia Autherus the xviij byshop of Rome succeded Pontianus The yeare of Christe CC. xli GOrdianus the .xxiiij. Emperoure raygned syxe yeares He was ordeyned Emperoure by the Senate wyth Pupienus and Bal●●nus against Maximinus Whan Pupienus and Bal●●nus refused to graunt y e souldiours all their requestes they were slayne of them at Rome and by thys meanes optayned the yonger Gordianus the empyre alone He brought home the victory of the Perses in the East and restored some cityes agayne to the empyre But whan the hoost suffred hunger Philippus was made vpper captaine by whose commaundement Gordianus was slayne Whan Gordianus was made Emperoure there happened an Eclypse of the Sunne so great that durynge the same men were fayne to vse
fyrst that openly knowledged the name of Christe Nether is it to be doubted but that he was a true godly prynce for he had the holy Gospell in such reuerence that to the open wytnesse of hys fayeth he caused the boke of y e Gospel to be boren alway openly before hym He commaunded also bokes of the Bible to be written at his owne coste and caused them to be sent into all contryes here and ther. He brought to passe that the holy and profytable councell of Nicene was gathered that so in hys tyme he might set the state of the churche in a quietnesse These finally are actes worthye for a good prince which deserue a farre greater prayse than that it is sayde he haue geuen to the bishop of Rome many gyftes Although the good Emperoure is worthy to be praysed for that that he gaue almesses benefyces to mainteyn Euangelycall doctryne and ministers of the churche But that Constantinus should haue be so liberall toward the byshop of Rome that he shoulde haue geuen hym for his vse the citye of Rome and the halfe part of the empyre as some do fable no historyes that be alowed do wytnesse the same The city Constantinopolis was builded by this Emperour and hath the name of him whan before the citye of marchaundise that was in that place was called B●zantium The see of the empyre was afterward brought to Constantinople as the histories folowinge do testifye Moreouer seing it is ▪ no doubt that this prince is one and that of the chefest of those princes which God hath garnished wyth great vertues we shall worthely recyte the ofspringe of hys kynrede that it maye be knowen those most great and noble vertues to be syngularly geuen of God to greate and noble families or houses Claudius the Emperour of most commendable name had two brethren Quintilius and Crispus Claudia the doughter of Crispus was wedded to the noble prince Eutropius And these are the ofspringe of Constantinus kynred Eutropius a chefe gouernour at Rome Claudia the brothers doughter of Claudius Constantius the Emperour had Helena her sonne was Constantinus y e greate hys wyfe was Fausta the doughter of Maximianus whose chylderen were Constantius Constantinus and Constans Theodora the stepedoughter of Maximianus her sonne was Constantinus thesame had sonnes Gallus and Iulianus Of Arrius the heretyke ARrius lyued in the tyme of Constantinus He was an open reader in the scole of Alexandria in Egypte The churches concorde was miserably spoiled wyth hys error and heresy For he taught y t Christ was not truely and naturallye God But what practyse and vicious pleasauntnesse of persuasyons he dyd vse to confyrme this error it were to longe to rehearse Howb●it it pleased the world so wel that great learned bishops and neare hande the whole churche of the Easte wyth manye also in the Weste dyd embrace hym Neuerthelesse in the meane season wythstode heauely this heresy two bishops of notable godlynesse The fyrst was Alexander who optayned of Constantinus to gather the councell of Nicene wherein was condemned the heresye of Arrius Wherfore was Arrius forsaken and bannished out of the dominion But whan Constantinus was deade a certayne preste was in fauoure wyth Constantius whom also he committed al his counsels the same broughte to passe wyth his persuasyon by the Emperoure that Arrius beyng called agayne was sett in hys former office The fyre that was metely well quenched afore began nowe agayne to burne more fearcely insomuche that the Emperoure Constancius beganne also to embrace thys erroure of Arrius Whan at the last a daye was appointed by Constantius wherein Alexander and Arrius shoulde openly reason of the scrypture concerninge this learninge Alexander spent the whole nyghte in prayenge in the temple prayenge God that the secte of Arrius should crepe no farther Wherfore in the morninge before the appoynted houre of the disputation whan Arrius went to the place he beganne as he went to haue payne in the bellye and went to a preuye to do hys easement where he aboue all mens estimacion dyed incontinent Howbeit whan Arrius was of this wyse deade yet ceased not the sede of his poysoned doctrine to be sowed larger abroade because that they that were conspyred together of this secte beganne to sprede it more vehemently At the laste whan Alexander was deade also Athanasius hys successor disputed hymselfe agaynste the Arryans but the same beynge banyshede by Constantius he fled from Egypt vntyl the citye Tryere in Germany And though thys was a very farre flyghte yet was the bannyshed man fayne to hyde hymselfe secretly at Tryere vntyll the eyght yeare In the meane season was that heresy fearcely growen thorough out in the East churche euen so muche that for a season a greate part of Christen men did leane to the Arrian secte and out of thys secte sprange by lytle and lytle other sectes many Fynally whan the name of Arryans was by the decrees of many councels quenched yet was it now and than renewed againe in the churche vnder other names In one citye were sundery opinions and diuerse sectes persecuted eche other insomuche that the one running vpon the other in theyr temples made ryots and committed man slaughter At that tyme was the state of the church very wretched and pyteous the which worthely gaue an occasiō of slaunder not only to the Gentyls why they dyd not embrace the word of God but dyd offende other also that they went from the Christianity to the Idolatry of the Heythen among the which was also Iulianus the Emperoure In the tyme of this so myscheuous heresy came vp finally Mahomet to whō by Arrius was as it were a window handsomly opened was the forerunner of this most cruel Antichrist For whan the myndes of men went astray in so great dissension of opinions came Mahomet inuented very wysely the thirde way wherwith he should heale the variete diuersyty of errours For he toke awaye all disputacions whiche thinge men dyd alowe But hereof shall we speake afterwarde And let thys suffise to be rehearsed of the Arryans erroure and other lyke heresyes of the whiche we haue here made mencyon therfore that it may be sene how greate dammages manslaughters seditions ryotous heresyes do brynge both to the commune welth and to the churche Marcellynus the .xxviij. byshop of Rome succeded Cains Marcellus the xxix succeded Marcellinus Eusebius the xxx bysh succeded Marcellus Melciades the .xxxi. succeded Eusebius Syluester the xxxij succeded Melciades Marcus the xxxii● was bysh after Syluester Not long before Constantinus death was a very greate comete sene certayne monethes whiche signifyed the greate warre and commotion that folowed after Constantinus death The yeare of Christe CCC xli● COnstantynus the .xxxviij. Emperoure raygned xxiiij yeares But the father had so ordeyned the empyre that the thre bretheren shulde raigne together Constantinus in Fraunce Spayne and Germany Constantius
in the Easte Constans in Italy and Illyrieus But the yonger brother Constantinus was not content wyth the dominion of his empyre but woulde raygne alone and wente into Italy agaynste his brother Constans trustynge to his puyssaunce because he had valyaunt souldyours But God suffred not thys rashnesse longe vnpunished for thys Constantinus was slayne not longe after And by this occasion optained Constans y ● whole empyre of the West the which he gouerned luckely Moreouer had he a captayne called Magnentius at Ausburch whose life he had once saued The same slewe his most gentle mayster and made hym selfe Emperoure and made a settyng forth of war vpon Constantius Constantius made hys nepheu Gallus Emperoure of the Easte and went wyth an army agaynst the seditious captayne and ouercame hym The manslaughter in thys stryfe was so great that as it is redde y ● power of the empyre was so abated that many yeares after they coulde not come to theyr former strength because the best and chosen part of the people was so slayne that the empire could not a great while resist and withstand the Barbarians After that this manslaughter was done the mooste myscheuous man Magnentius slew himselfe and so punished God the death of Constans the good prince Iulius the fyrst of that name the .xxxiiii. bysh of Rome came after Marcus But whan this Iulius was deade was Lyberyus the .xxxv. made byshop who because he wythstode the heresye of Arryus was dryuen awaye by Constantius and Felix was ordeyned in hys steade who for feare of the Emperoure dyssembled the erroure of the Arryans At that tyme was Conuocatyons hadde at Mylane and Arimium playn contrary to the decrees of the councel of Nicene but theyr mindes were nothing set by These examples wytnesse y ● the state of the church was piteous and miserable at that tyme. The yeare of Christ CCC lxv IVlianus the Apostata or forsaker of his profession the .xxxix. Emperoure raygned two yeares He was the nephew of Constantius brother to Gallus the which we haue spoken of before He was of so greate learnyng that beynge yong he taught holy scripture openly in the church of Nicomedia afterwarde goynge to Athenes he learned philosophy But whan hys brother Gallus was slayn Constantius sent hym into Fraunce and Germany and not farre from Strasburch he vanquyshed thyrty thousande Almanes for whych cause he was sodenly by the fauoure of the souldyours made Emperoure at Strasburch Moreouer whan greate dyssensyons were amonge the Christyans by reason of the varyetye of opinyons for the whyche some dispayred some dyd wholy decyuer from the Christen fayth to the worshyppinge of Idols Iulianus became an apostata also for he was yet yonge and vsed the company of Rhetoricyans and Phylosophers whiche disputed of God after the vnderstandynge or meanynge of mans reason Yet dyd he not persecute Christen men by open force but he thought rather to destroye them by suttelltye For openly he forbadde them to haue scoles that they myght not be taughte thynkynge as it is in dede that whan teachyuge were auoyded the doctrine of relygyon shulde easely go to nought He forbadde also that Christen men shulde haue no authoritye to vse warrefaringe wyth the Romanes that by no occasyon they might come to the gouernaunce of the commune welth He toke the goodes of the churches with laughter sayenge he dyd Christen men a pleasure namely that they beynge become poore might thesooner come to heuen seynge the Gospell promyseth heauen to the poore He dyd assault the Christian fayeth fearcely euen with wrytinges also Agaynst those hath Cyrillus the bishop of Alexandria written whose boke is yet founde among the remembraunces or monimentes of Ihon Reuchlin in the toune Pforsa in Germanye not vnprofytable veryly to be redde Gregorius Nazanzenus hath answered him also but very easely for he was not effectual ynough to put of those reproches which Iulianus vsed in confutinge the Gospell For he intreated moost chefest vpon that seyng the Gospel teacheth that man ought not to reuenge that thereby is taken awaye and forbodden ciuill vengeaunce in iudgementes and gouernaunce of commune welthes wythoute the which mans estates can by no meanes endure And this same false accusation doth he treate wyth many wordes where as yet euerye Godlye studyant of true godlynesse doeth knowe that the same vengeaunce whiche euery office vseth is not forbydden in the Gospell but only the for●yng of pryuate vengeaunce which is done withoute officers authoritye These suttyll forged and slaunderous reproches of Iulianus were very greueous to Christen men insomuche that they prayed openly against so pernisius hostilitie of the Gospell And therfore whan he was gone into Persya he was slayne in a wyldernesse It is wrytten that whan he was wounded and laye vpon the ground dyenge he shulde haue taken hys hande fulle of bloude and castynge towarde heauen to haue sayde Thou Galylean hast vanquyshed at the laste ▪ Meanynge Christe whome he called a Galylean Therfore it is come by Iulyanus vngodlynesse that the Empyre is remoued and translated from the mooste noble stocke of Constantynus The yeare of Christe CCC lxvii IOuinyanus the ▪ xl Emperoure raygned seuen monethes It was a noble prince of godlynesse He called agayne the bishops that were bannyshed by Constanty●us and Iulyanus he commaunded also the tythes to be payed to the churches He was taken wythan ague gotten by ouermuche weerynesse of trauaylle whereof he dyed The yeare of Christe CCC lxviii VAlentynianus the .xli. Emperoure raygned twelue yeares He ordeyned hys brother Valens a companion in the empyre Valens ruled in the Easte Valentinyanus went into the Weste Ether of them was a Christian Valentinyanus had ben a captayne of the louldyours vnder Iulianus but he forsoke him because he wolde not forsake y e integrity or soundnesse of Christen religion beside also because he had geuen a Heithen prest a blowe by whom he was biddē to do sacrificy with reachynge hym water of Idolatrye whan he taryed for the commynge of Iulyanus But God recompensed hym afterwarde wyth the honoure where he came to for the iniurye that Iulyanus dyd hym He had greate warres in Germany he subdued the Saxons and Burgunnyons For they also are counted amonge the Saxons whiche aboute that tyme went by the floude Rhe●e And though they were vanquyshed by Valentinian yet afterwarde recouerynge strenghte they passed the Rhene and toke in these contryes whych yet hetherto are called Burgundy But of these shall we speake hereafter VAlens raygned after his brothers death two yeare He was a defender of Arria●s heresy But for thys vngodlynesse was he punished whan he was ●layne by the Gotthyes by Constantinople For whan Valens beinge put to flyghte gat hym into a lytle towne the Gotthyes set it on fyre and burnt hym Whan Valens was deade the Gotthyes dyd muche harme to them of Constantynople but the
of the Lombardes Charles goyng into Italy besyeged Desiderius at Pauye and constrayned hym to yelde hymselfe But when Charles perceaued in dede that the vprouryshnacion of the Lombardes coulde not rest for he had assayed the matter with them afore also that they beyng content with their borders shoulde remayne within their owne realme and that there myght be a sure peace thoroweout Italy Charles toke in whole Lombardy and in the same as in hys owne kyngdome set he gouernoures and capitaynes As for Desidexius with his wyfe the quene chyldren led he with hym prysoners and commaunded them to be kept at Ludick or Liege Thys was the end of the kyngdome of the Lombardes in Italy whiche had lasted two hundreth and thre yeres from the yere of Christ CCCCC lxxij when Iastinus reigned vntyll the yeare of Christ .vij. C. lxxv thys was the syxte yeare before Charles opteined the empyre For though Charles was gone to Rome in this settynge forth and had set at quiet not onely Lombardy but also that parte of Italy that is beiond Rome yet would he not vsurpe for hym the title of Imperiall maiestie lest he should robbe the Grekes of their honoure and this dignitie He graunteth the Emperours cities in Italy to enioye their former lybertie wythout any hynderaunce but he kept the kyngdome of the Lombardes as his owne for long ago was it not subiect to the Emperours Tassilo duke of Baierland raysed warre against Charles but he was ouercome of Charles the twētieth yeare of his reigne and takyng in the duchy Tassilo wyth his sonne was put into a monastery Nether did Charles vse so great rigour against his cosyn rashly for Tassilo raysyng an vprour against hym afore and taken to mercy kept no promyse Charles goyng to Rome the two and thirtieth yeare of his reigne restored Leo the byshop of Rome against whome the Romanes had raysed vp●ours insomuche that the byshop was compelled to flye But when now Charles ●erceyued certeynly that no peace could be satteled in Italy vntyll suche cyties in Italy as had fraunchyses graunted them dyd ceasse to do all thynges accordyng to their appetite he was constrayned by necessitie to take to him the dominion of whole Italy But he betoke to the byshop of Rome some cities and contreis for the mayntenaunce of ministers in the churche In the Christmasse nyght cryed the byshop of Rome Charles to be Emperoure of Romanes and alwaye full of maiestie And it is sayde that Charles shuld haue aunswered to this yf I had knowen that any suche thyng should haue happened to me I would not haue entered into the temple Nether would he accept the title of Emperoure wythout the consent and alowaunce of them of Constantinople Wherefore Irēne the mother of Constantinus and Nicephorus consented that Charles should be Emperoure in the West to that dyd they consent frely for these countreis dyd not obey to the Emperours of Constantinople any more But as sone as Charles was made Emperoure and that the state of Italy was nowe satled with great trauaile he determined to warre vpon the Hungarians And this warre lasted eight yeares wherein the Hungarians were in a maner rooted out He set also garnysons of Germanes in Hungary to kepe the realme by the whiche occasion do vntyll this tyme Germanes dwel in the coastes of Hūgary whiche is called Seuenburge It is mencioned in histories that Charles brought great ryches out of Hungary and that is lyke ynough for the Hūgarians had bene occupied in warrefarre and robbery aboue two hundreth yeares they ledde prayes of al nacions nerehande in the meane season was their realme inuaded of no foren naciōs wherby no doubt were great and precious treasures founde by them In the meane tyme dyd Charles the sonne of Charles the great subdue Bohemy vanquyshyng Lecho their kyng and thus was charles at the last a moost myghty prince of all Italy Fraunce Germany Bohemy and Hungary and brought the whole West empyre in a quiet estate kept it in the same Wherfore for these vertues and thys strength of courage whiche he vsed in all his enterpryses is Charles worthy to be counted amonge these princes which God hath now and than geuen to the worlde to repayre common welthes iustice equitie shamefastnesse ●●ally to restore amonge men the bandes of modestie and common peace as were in tymes past Dauid Hercules Cyrus Alexander Iulius Augustus Constantinus The odosi●s In Charles affaires is chefely worthy to be noted how kynges and great men make ●umors among them For God sendeth sometyme the chefe monarches to represse them Euen as in oure tyme Charles the fyfte hath brydeled the excesse and want o●nesse of the Romanes and the Venetian power But it is expedient for moste hygh princes to be excellent not onely in feates of warre and handlyng of weapon but also to enforme common welthes with honest lawes and dectrine of religion And this was Charles chefe care He caused some counsails to be kept at Rome and Franckforde and some tyme in Fraunce He founded also thre vniuersities to spreade abrode and maintayne the doctrine of Christenreligion namely at Bonony in Italy Paris in Fraunce and at Paduam Italy In Germany dyd he lyke wyse founde many monasteries for to teache youth in steade of scoles Besyde thys dyd he set the lawe of the Frankes morder and caused the bokes of the lawe to be written For that olde lawe of the Romans was long before put out of ●re throug the Lombardes and Frankes He caused also to gather together the olde histories of the Germanes and songes wherein it is said he had suche pleasure that he learned them by rote He was excellently well sene in the Germane toungue and Latine he coulde also speake Greke for he herde the Greke messangers and aunswered them in Greke but in along and durable relaciō did he speake Latine There are yet verses that be not greatly vnsemely whiche is sayde he dyd make at the death of his cousin Roulande In his olde age he gaue hymselfe to Astronomy At diner and supper at home delyted he in hearyng reade the bokes of saincte Augustine In the temple dyd he syng the canonicall houres and also lessons with the pristes and he woulde other princes to do likewyse after his example whō he prescribed lessons which semeth to pertain to his and their amendemēt For he was an exciding louer of christen doctrine In all maners of liuyng dyd be haue hym so as nomā might passe him in godlinesse Beside this sent he succours of mony to the christiās in straunge contreis and obteined by the Saracen kynges that the christians should be more easely entreated He gaue the wyndes and monethes those names whiche remayne yet now a dayes so that by these thynges may easely be gathered that thys prince was garnyshed of God with greate vertues and hygh happenesse by hys studyes so that he may worthely be surnamed
right as a certayne line or carpenters rule for it is moste nearest applyed to common honestie Secōdly do thees restored Romane lawes not a lytle profyte thereto that they gyue commaundementes of the common behaue ours of this lyfe and best maners whiche are no where founde better I passe ouer that the purenesse of the Latine tungue began to florysh agayn by restoryng of this lawe as borne again But when this study of the lawe was institute straightwaye were become great and many excellent lawers whiche busied both to interprete the lawes and to set them againe in vre Truely I can not maruaile ynough that men became so well learned at that tyme wherein the vse of the Latine tunge the histories finally al the auncient Romane disciplines were left of for the whyle so that it may easely be supposed that those fyrst lawers were not onely men of greate diligence in studies but also greate and wyse men exercysed with muche experience of common matters For wythout exercyse had it bene impossible to knowe the Roman lawes Wherefore are the same doctors of the lawe to bee iudged no lesse than those auncient lawiers Vlpianus Seruius and other Azo whiche is euen the chefe of the expounders of the lawe lyued in the tyme of this Lotharius After the same lyued Accursius the same also lyued vntil the time of Frederick the second In the tyme of Henry of Lucelborowe were many and notable doctors as Bartholus and other Gratianus who gathered the Decrees of the common lawe was also in the tyme of Lotharius But before were suche bookes also For of this sorte was a lytle booke written by a byshop of Wormes whiche at that tyme was vsed we also haue sene it in our daies But when the studies of the lawe floryshed now euery where and that the best learned embraced them as it happeneth moste commonly in a new thing the monkes perceauyng that the knowledge of holy scripture beganne to coule and be despysed for studieng the lawe they also beganne a studye of Theology or diuinitie and ordeyned scole disputations in diuine matters as the lawers dyd in ciuyll matters Thus beganne the diuinitie scole wherof we shall saye more hereafter Cunradus a Schwabe the .xix. Germane Emperoure THe yeare of Christ M. cxl succeded Conradus borne duke of Schwaben Lotharius the Saxon in the empyre who was made prince of the Frankes by Henry the fyft He reigned fourten yeres It is no where red that he was crowned of the Romysh byshop This Cunradus as we said before rose against Lotharius but he was constrained to yelde himself vnder the Emperours power But when Lotharius was deade the succession of the empire fell vpon Conradus though Henry duke of Baier Saxony that had marted Lotharius daughter coueted the empire and besyeged Conradus at Auspurg But Conradus the Emperoure minished Henries power gaue the duchy of Baier to the Erle of Eastenrich Howbeit this warre was not very long for not lōg after died Henry in Saxony and was laide in Lotharius his wiues fathers graue After that dyd a prince of Catuli warre with the duke Emperour Cōradus for the duchy of Baier but inuain Wherfore he was afterwarde reconciled againe with the Emperoure through Frederick that became Emperoure afterward Conradus with many princes and a great hoost went to Hierusalem againste the Saracens Christes enemyes through the counsail of sainct Bernarde against the whiche also toke wapen Lewis kyng of Fraunce but many souldiours dyed thorough the disloyaltie of Emanuel Emperoure of Constantinople Yet had our men many and great battails in Asia and at Hierusalem in the meane season Cunradus returned the fourth yere after into Germany died and was buried in the towne Lorch by Gemund In the warre that Conradus had with the Catulies he toke the castel and town Weinsburg that lyeth not farre from the riuer Necehar Then commaunded the Emperour to take al the gentlemen but the gentle women shoulde be letten go with so great packe of goodes as they could cary Thē the gentlewomen forsakyng the goodes would rather cary away their chyldren Whiche thing when som did blame whiche would haue the yong children be prisoned sayeng the graunt was to cary goodes not men The Emperour delited so in the vertue of the noble women that he gaue them leaue not only to cary away their childrē but also al their goodes Celestinus the .ij. was byshop of Rome after Innocencius the .ij. Lucius the .ij. was byshop after Celestinus Eugenius the third was made byshop after Lucius Against the same was another byshop chosen by the Romanes of whom Eugenius was driuen out but gatheryng a Frenche ayde he returned ouer came his aduersary and was restored againe Anastasius the .iiij. succeded Eugenius Adrianus the .iiij. was byshop after Anastasius Of hym was Frederick Barbarossa or with the reade bearde crowned Emperoure but afterward sticked he to William of Sicily which kept Naples and made the Lombardes obedient to hym by a moost haynous coniuracion against the empyre He did excōmunicate Frederick raysed most haynous warres in Italy It is written y t he shuld haue saied not long before he died there is no more wretched state in earth then the byshoprick of Rome and to get that byshopryck by bloude is not to succede Peter but Romulus rather who flew his owne brother that he myght haue the monarchy and reigne alone These wordes wytnesse sufficiently that it repented hym of the debate that he had begonne against the Emperoure After Adrianus began a greate diuision Some Cardinals chose Octauianus who was called Victor Some chose Alexander the .iij. Frederick Barbarossa helde Octauianus for the true byshop of Rome But yet in the meane season commaunded he by a counsayll to enquire who shoulde abyde byshop But Alexander refusyng the aucthoritie of the counsayll kepeth hymselfe in Fraunce and accurseth Frederick At the last gat Alexander the by shopryck by the ayde of the Italians and returned to Rome where Frederick came then also But Alexander beyng afrayed fled to Venice where at the last peace was made But hereof shall we speake more in the history of Frederick Frederick the .i. called Barbarossa or wyth the red bearde the .xx. Germane Emperoure THe yeare of Christe M. C. lij was Frederick chosen Emperour the fyrst of that name surnamed Barbarossa He gouerned the Empyre .xxxvij. yeares He was a borne duke of the noble house of Schwaben Conradus y e Emperours brothers sonne a most renovmed prince of hardinesse valiauntnesse and iustice So farre as I can perceaue by his dedes it semeth that Frederick as a gentle Schwabe could not paciently beare these iniuries that the byshops of Rome dyd hym and I thynke it came by this that he was more harde againste them In the begynnyng of his empyre set he Baierlande and Eastenriche at one and restored to Catulus Henry duke of Saxony
to excommunicate them only but also to put them from the empyre so that one can thynke no honestye in these dedes of the Romysh byshoppes specially yf ye ponder and way all the causes and reasons All these were excommunicated in a rowe and yet were they myghtye and wyse Emperoures that haue brought to passe great and notable thinges Henry the fourth a Franke. Henry the fyfth a Franke. Friderick the fyrst a Schwabe Philippe sonne to Frederick the fyrste Otho the iiii duke of Brunswig Friderick the .ii. Henry the .vi. sonne Conradus Fridericks sonne The yeare of Christe M.CC.xii. Otho beyng come agayne into Germany though he knew that the princes myndes were set agaynst him yet poynted he a day of parlament at Norinberg and admonyshed the princes that they shulde not graunt the bishops of Ro. that authoritye that they shulde put downe Emperoures at theyr pleasure for the empyre pertayneth not to Romysh byshops but to the Germane princes He brought some princes to his mynd with this admonition and fell vpon Herman erle of Thuryngen the father of erle Lewys to whome S. Elysabeth was spoused For erle Herman to do the Byshoppe of Rome pleasure set hymselfe agaynst the Emperour as a man condemned wyth byshoppe of Romes excommunicatyons and curses But afterwarde was Otho forsaken of all the princes except one erle of March in Misen For Fryderycke the yonger enemy to Otho was alreadye come into Germany besyde that by the byshoppe of Romes procurynge was the Frenche kynge in armes agaynste Otho But whan tydynges came to Otho of Frideryckes commyng he prepared hym to go agaynste hym into Alsasse and was wyth hys hooste at Brysacke howe beyte beynge destytute of all the ayde of hys he was constrayned to flye into Saxony But than repayring an hooste and beyng holpen of the kynge of Englande he went into low Germany agaynst the Frenche kynge of whome he was ouercome and dyed afterwarde the yeare M. CC. xviij He lyued wythout the tytles of thempyre .v. yeares Friderick the .ij. the .xxiiij. Germane Emperoure THe yeare of Christ M. CC. xiij was chosen Emperoure Friderick the .ii. of that name the sonne of Barbarossa kinge of Naples and Cicily and duke of Schwaben whan Otho was put downe and was crowned Emperoure at Achen He raygned seuen and twenty yeares Yet before he dyed was he depryued fyue yeares of the Empire by Innocentius the Bysh of Rome Noman can pitye ynough the case of thys laudable Emperoure that he was endued wyth many and noble vertues and yet in the mean season suffred he moost extreme and heuy persuinges of Romane byshops He was verye well learned in many languages For he knew perfectly the Latine Greke Germane and Saracens languages Besydes thys set he forth also the disciplines of good sciences He brought to passe that the boke of Ptolome called Almagestū was translated out of the Saracens language into Latyn and by that meanes the doctryne of Astronomye whyche noman had taughte many yeares before in Europa was brought to lighte Hys fyrste warre had he in Germanye agaynste Otho the .iiii. by the bishop of Romes counsel but he had the same rewarde for it that other Emperours afore him haue had The seconde warre had he in Brabant agaynste the duke of Brabant and Othoes adherentes and restored Lorain againe to the Germane empyre The yeare of oure lorde M. CC. xx was Fridericke crowned of Honorius the .iii. Emperoure Two erles in Tuscia had taken in some cityes that belonged to the empire the which whan Friderick had taken agayne the erles that were driuen out fled to Honorius bysh of Ro. who toke them in hys defence and commaunded Friderick to restore thē into the possession of the cityes that he had taken from them But whan Friderick refused that Honorius excommunicated hym settyng asyde all the former loue The yeare M. CC. xxii came Friderick again into Germany and holding a parlamēt at Wyrtzpurg he made Henry his yonger son felowgouernoure of the empyre and was crowned at Achen But afterwarde was the same Henry taken by his father because he had made a leage with certayn cityes of Lombardy agaynst the father while the father liued yet died he of y e filthinesse of the prison Though the city Hierusalem was now loste yet possessed the Christians other great and mighty cytyes in Siria But whan the power of the Turkes grewe dayly more more and the fortune of y e Christiās went back Ioannes came to Rome who had yet the title of y e king of Hierusalē and desyred ayde of Honorius the byshop of Rome and optayned by Honorius that Friderick who was accursed was absolued Wherefore Fridericke and the Germane princes consented frelye to make an armye for the delyueraunce of the cytye Hierusalem and the kyng of Hierusalem gaue Iole hys doughter in maryage to Friderick the Emperoure Whereby it commeth that yet at this houre the kynges of Sicily ascrybe to them the title of the realme of Hierusalem Fridericke the Emperour than went wyth a great army well furnyshed to Hierusalem and wyth hym many princes of Germany among the which was also Lewis y ● landtgraue to whom S. Elisabeth was maried the same dyed in that settynge forth at Brundusium The yeare M. CC. xxviij went Fridericke to Hierusalem and dyd hys busynesse so that the Souldane gaue hym frely agayne not only Hierusalem but many other cytyes there about Friderick was crowned at Hierusalem the yeare M. C C. xxix He caused the citye Hierusalem to be made sure agaynste the power of the enemyes He made treuce with the Souldane for ten yeres All thys shewed he by a letter to the byshop of Ro. and requyred absolucion of the curse for by thys Gregorye was he accursed also I wote not for what title in the kingdome of Sicily But it was a small matter for the byshop of Rome to deny to the Emperoure the absolution for this gyle also or rather iniury had he done to Frederick being absent For he set y ● Italian cities against him toke in by force some cityes in his patrimonial realme Naples By thys constraynt was Friderick driuē to come back agayn into Sicilye and to rescue his realme come by inheritaunce from feare of daunger Although the bysh of Ro. had ben sore dissoial against the Emperour in his absence yet required he absolution so lowly that he promysed he wolde holde the kyng dome of Sicily of him by fealtye Besydes this also caused he the princes of Germanye to come into Italy that at the least by them myght the debate betwen hym and the Emperour be alayed Therfore dyd Gregorius absolue the Emperour agayne the yeare of Christe M. CC. xxx After y c came the Emperour Friderick the thyrd time into Italy and warred in Eastenrich agaynst the Hungarians toke the eyty Vienne the which that she shuld be remain an emperial city he wold haue
is much elder it is supposed that the same was also founde in Germany by a frear the yeare M. ccc lxxx Maxi milianus the .xxxviii. Germane Emperoure THe yeare of Christe M. ccccxciiii began Maximilianus hys raygne when his father was deade with whome he gouerned the empyre his lyfe tyme .viii. yeres But after hys fathers deceasse raygned he .xxv. yeares Though the begynnynges of the empyre were lowe and weake yet at the last turned they to hygh auauncement and encrease of the Germane kyngdome In the begynnynge of Maximilanus raygne brought Charles wyth the crooked backe an army into Italy and toke Naples But a yeare after when he was returned into Fraunce gat Ferdinādus the yonger Naples agayne with ayde of Maximilian dryuynge the Frenchemen out of Italy whiche the Frenche kynge had left at Naples for a garryson Maximilian had many and great battails First in low Germany Flaunders and Brabant in the whiche it is sayd he dyd many noble actes with his owne hande where of I haue herde some but I know not the very truth thereof And would God there would once come one that is sure of such thynges who would writh all those histories in a cōplet boke to the prayse of so greate a prince and myght auaunce worthely before the worlde the puyssaunce and vertues of so doughty an Emperoure I myselfe haue herde of Pyrcamer of Norenberg that Maximiliane hymselfe had written some of his dedes for certayne yeares For he sayde He sayled from Lynda to Constance with Maximilian the Emperoure and when Maximilian was nowe at leasure in saylyng he called his Scribe to hym and rehersed to hym in Latine hys dedes of one yeare in a moste feate order with the declaracion of all the circunstaunces and occasions But when Pyrcamer thought the Scribe should note some secrete thynge and therefore would auoyde the Emperoure cōmaunded hym to remayne and lysten Yea and at euening he toke it to Pyrcamer that he had rehersed to rede and asked whether that souldiours Latine dyd lyke hym and should haue sayde moreouer He were mynded to comprehende those thynges so brefely and clerely that afterwarde learned men might declare them so muche the more diligently by their causes and circumstaunces And Pyrcamer sayde that no Germane history writer had vsed so pure a stile as was that of Maximilian And that after maximilianus death he had asked after this writynge but he coulde not obteine it But let this suffyse to be spoken of low Germany The yeare M. ccccxcv was in the parliament holden at Worms of the earldome of Wirtenberg made a duchy and erle Ebrarde was made the fyrst duke The yeare Mccccxcix toke the Switzers warr against their neyghbours them of Eastenrich the whiche to rescue Maximiliane came haystely out of Gelderlande where at that tyme he had to do al so Wherefore hauing many skyrmyshes of both sydes it is certayn that .xx. thousand mē were slayn at the last was an agrement made The yeare MDi. were euery where figures of crosses sene vpon mens garmentes But suche lyke was oft happened before also The yeare MDiiij was the warre of Baierlande wherein the Emperoure Maximilianus defended the princes of Baier agaynst Philip count Palatine of the Rene and duke Ruperte sonne to Philippe the Palatine For the same maryeng the daughter of George duke of Baier woulde haue Landshut and thatsame parte of Baier to be geuē ouer to hym by a tytle of inheritaunce But Rupertus dyed with his spouse whyle this warre was in hand the count Palatine was put besyde a great parte of his lordeshyppe by the Emperoures men and them of Wirtenberg Yea and a great army of the Bohemyes that came to helpe the count Palatine were ouerthrowen of the Emperoure At the last neuerthelesse Maximilian vsyng no lesse wysdō than fauoure toke the count Palatine to mercy lest any perturbacion myght be raysed in the ryght of the election in the empyre that long sence was alowed and approued The yeare MDv. besyeged the army of the Emperoure the duke of Gelders in the citie Arnheym and constrayned hym to yelde hymselfe The yeare MDvi. died Philippe sonne to Maximilian kyng of Spayne and duke of bourgundy beyng of age .xxviii. yeares The yeare MDvii beganne Maximiliane the warre againste the Venecians no lesse greate then durable in the whiche befell both many bloudy battails and wonderfull mutacions Lewis kynge of Fraunce was first with the Venecians afterwarde fell he from them to the Emperour Contrary wyse the byshop of Rome Iulius was first of the Emperoures syde afterwarde toke he parte with the Venecians The Venecians lost in this warretheir best cities Verona Pauy Teruas other many Howbeit when the Romysh byshop deciuered and fell to the Venecians the Frenche kyng began to warre vpon hym also seyng he had yet the Emperours souldiours in Italy Now feared the Emperoure lest if he had the victory he shuld fall into Naples also and do also some euell at Rome to the empyres destruction Wherfore he sent the Cardinall Matheus Langius bishop of Saltzburg one of his counsaill to Iulius the byshop of Ro. to demaunde peace before the Ro. byshop and the Frenche kyng had foughten a felde Iulius for asmuch as he was very well appoynted with the ayde of Spaniardes and Italians he thought to be sure of the victory therfore refused he the peace The battail was vpō Easter daie the yeare MDxii by Rauennas The byshop of Romes host lay vnder there were slain in that battaill syxtene thousand Nether is there red of a more greuous felde to haue ben about this tyme wherein men haue fought so fearcely But after this victory lost dyd Iulius frely demaūde peace Howbeit lest the French kyng enterprisedought farther in Italy dyd Maximilian and the bysh of Rome set the kyng of Englande Germany and the Switzers against hym and of this wyse was the Frenche kyng at the last constrained to leaue Italy The Venecians were afterwarde reconciled to to the Emperoure also The yere MDxix dyed Maximilian the Emperoure and thatsame yere the princes Electors Albert Cardinall byshop of Mentz Herman byshop of Colen erle of Wida Richarde byshop of Trierlorde of Grieffenklau the deputie of Lewis kyng of Bohemy Lewis coūt Palatine of the Rene. Frederick duke of Saxony Ioachim marques of Brandenburg did chose lawfull and with great wisdom at Frāckford Charles duke of Eastē ryche and Bourgundy and kyng of Spayne the xxviii daye of Iune Pius the iij. was bysh of Ro. after alexander the vi The same died shortely after Iulius the .ij. succeded Pius Against him wrote Bernardinꝰ the Cardinal in the tyme of the Venecian warre of kepyng a counsail The matter shuld haue geuen an occasion of a diuision had not Maximilian preuented it by his syngulare wisedome Leo the .x. sonne to Laurence Medices was made byshop of Rome after Iulius In the tyme of this Leo
course was through the celestiall or heauenly sygnes Cancer Leo Virgo and Libra where it was sene nomore nether appeared any more after that Not long after in October rose a warre in Switzer lande For to they of Tzurich stopped the passages that to their neghburs of zugia Vria Suicia Siluia and Lucerne noman coulde bryng corne salte and other victuals Wherfore they armed thē against those of Tzurich They met eche other w t displaied banners they of Tzurich beyng vanquished with thre fieldes had the worst In the fyrst battayll was slayne the preacher of Tzurich Huldrich zwinglius In the meane tyme endeuoured they of Stralborow and Constance their neighbours to make an accorde among the cōfederated And thus after .viij. monethes and .vi. wekes was the vproure alayed Of thē of Tzurich died about fyue thousande of the other syde a fewe The yeare M D. xxxii came Charles the Emperoure againe out of Brabant into Germany and came in Marche with his brother kyng Ferdinand to Regenspurg to kepe a parliament Thithercame the deputies sent frō the Imperial cities There came also many princes or at the leaste their Ambassadours Not very long before that Constantinople was taken by the Turkes I reade there was a solitary man not farre from the citie Constantinople and he shuld haue prophecied that the Turkes in dede should winne Constantinople and should roote out the kyngdom of the Grekes but anone after foure score yeres should they lose Constantinople agayn and that the Turkes should be rooted out of Europa But that tyme sence Cōstantinople was wonne is expired the last yeare A most connyng Astronomer also at Naples called Laurētius Miniatensis scholemaister to Pontanus wrote these verses in his boke .lx. yeres ago concernyng the coniunction of Iupiter and Saturnus in the sygne Cancer the whiche he sayeth shall be and was in the yeare thousande fyue hundreth and foure last past That age succedyng oures vpon the heles Shalbe better and more prayse worthy Lytle of oure lawe shall it disanull scarcely But the greueous and harde to suffer thynges In holy matters shall it auoyde doubtlesse All kynd of wickednesse and also holy pryde A kyng also shall it geue vs harmelesse Who shall the worlde ende and peoples represse Rebellyng naciōs shall he subdue to the empyre And the whole worldes dominiō shall he possesse These verses are moste worthy to be marked and I woulde not passe them ouer because of the renowme of the moste famous Emperour For what hygher prayse can be in the Emperour then that he calleth hym a Harmelesse kyng euen as Iohn Lichteberg sayde of hym The shamefast of visage shall raygne euery where At Magdeburg is founde C. yere ago a Latine cronicle wherin are these wordes Of the bloude of Charles the Emperour and the kynges of Fraūce shalbe borne an Emperoure called Charles thesame shal haue dominion in all Europa by whom also the decayed estate of the church shalbe repared and the auncient glory of the empyre shalbe restored For there shall come a people that shalbe called people without heade and than we to the priestes Peters lytle shyppe shall suffre greate force but the waues shall crasse at the last and it shall haue victory Greate and dredefull mutacions of al kyngdomes are at hande and the settyng store by monkes shall peryshe The Beaste of the West and the Lion of the Easte shall haue dominion of the whole worlde and the Christians shallwander through Asia in sauegarde fyftene yeares but after that shal dredeful thynges be herde of Antichriste Abbas Ioachim saieth in the ende of Ieremye A great Egle shall come whiche shall ouercome euery man saue one who at the last beynge despysed shalbe for saken of the people I fynde also another prophecie whiche is renowmed The Emperoure shalbe awaked as a man fallen into a swete slepe The same shalbe counted of men as deade and shall go vp vpon the greate sea and inuade the Turkes and shall ouercome them he shall leade their wyues and Chyldren captiues Greate feare and drede shall ouerwhelme the Turkes their wyues and chyldren shall wepe and lamente all the Turkes landes shalbe geuen ouer in to the Emperours handes of Rome I haue herde a Portingale saye that an Astronomer should haue sayde to Ferdinandus oure Emperoures greate graundefather that the Turkysh empyre shoulde be subdued and ouerthrowen by a kyng of Spayne and that the same should haue interpretated the kyng to be Ferdinande But Ferdinande should haue answered That he shoulde not do it but hys heyres that should succede hym Other emdences more that are yet restyng wyl I at this tyme passe ouer God the father of mercy geue and graunte Christendom victory and grace for the glories sake of his godly name Amen Moreouer the thinges that shal yet happen shal doutlesse marke greate and wyse men whiche are now in this settyng forth of warre As for me I haue onely rehersed suche thynges of this preparacion of the settynge forth to warre as I was sure of and therefore do I now make an ende of wrytynge In the moneth of September this yeare was a Comete sene agayne certayn wekes two houres before Sunne rysyng and toward the Easte Whē I sawe it it was in Virgo to my iudgemen stretched his brandyshynge tayll betwene the South West But by reason of the gloumynge and cloudy ayer in these contreis coulde it not be sene here Howbeit who wil not iudge it to be a fearfullthing that two Cometes haue bene sene in the space nerehande of twelue monethes and seyng the Comete of the last yere namely of the yere M D. xxxi dyd not appeare without the hurte of Easte and North for it semed to threaten those partes For the tyrannyshe Turke fell into Hungary and Eastenryche kyng Christiernus goyng into Dennemarck with a greate nauy to demaunde againe his kyngdome yelded hymselfe into Frederick hys fathers brothers the kyng of Denmarck handes Christiernus also his sonne that was brought vp in the Emperours court dyed Veryly it is to be feared also that the Comete of this yeare of M D. xxxij do signifye greate euell to the partes of Italy and the Rene. The ende of the Cronicle The cōclusion of this Cronicle of Iohn Carion A boke of Chronicles ought to cōprehende moste greatest thynges in a feate order so that the rekenyng of the yeares and the chefe alteracions that befall into the religion and other greate thynges may be ryght obserued and knowen For it can not be that all thynges that are done in one realme can be written in one boke though it were great by reason of the sundry circumstaunces and occasions of y ● businesses the whiche must chefely be consydered Of this wyse truely wrote Herodotus Theucydi des Xenophon Titꝰ Liuius histories The other are onely to be called Cronicle writers whiche also ought not to take vpon them the name of History wryters For they do brefely shewe thynges done
Gate of triumphe sett full of goodly sayenges and Latyne verses made for the Emperoures pleasure and to his honoure And aboue vppon the toppe of the Gatether was asplayed Eegell made whiche a man gouerned and when the Emperoures maiestie came to the Gate the Egell plucked in his Whynges and bowed hymselfe to the Emperoure reuerently with his body And dyd lykewise on the other syde when the Emperoure was ridden through the Gate The day folowyng did the Emperour ride to the counsail house There was a royal seate cloth of estate set vp in the streate ouer against the shewing place whereūto the Emperour was leadde by certen of the Aldermen Thether came the comens of the citie before the councell house whiche after the priueledges liberties of the citie were cōfirmed made better did there sweare vnto y e Emperour After that y ● Emperours maiestie toke his iourney to Regensburg where the parliament was appointed Thither came many dukes lordes both spirituall temporall the kyng Ferdinandus And when the most part was come together the Emperours maiestie deliuered vnto the states degrees of thempire a boke wherein y e articles of our christen beleue were contained willing thē to shewe it to their learned mē that they might agree in all these Articles but with this condicion that all that was said done on both sydes should againe be deliuered vnto the Emperour in writing And after the states degrees of the Empire had willingli agreed thereūto werther learned mē chosen to cōmen together to agree therein On oure syde were chosen Phillipe Melanthon Marten Bucer Iohan Baker superintendent of Nidda And on the other syde Doctor Eckius Doctor Iulius p●●ng and Iohan Groepper These after muche and long disputacion agreed concernyng the most part and chefe of the Articles of the Boke as of these folowing The first of the power of the fre wil of man both before and after the regeneration newe birth The second of the byrth synne or Original sinne The thrid of Iustificacion and righteous making before God which is the summe and the chefe and principall pointe The fourth of the new birth and of the working of the holy ghost in them that be newe borne The fyfth of belefe of the grace of God and of the merytes of Christ The syxth of good woorkes and their merites The seuenth of the churche of Christ and of the tookens thereof and also of the falsse membres of the churche The eigth of the Cannonical scripture and their aucthoritie The nyneth of the aucthoritie of the churche and of the counsayls that is to saye that they must alwayes agree with the holy scripture The tenth of the power and vse of the Sacramentes The leuenth of Repentaunce The twelueth of the ministers of the churche their aucthoritie The thirtēneth of the Ceremonies of y ● church The fourtenneth of the commemoraciō and remembraunce of the Sainctes The fyftenneth of Images The syxtenneth of the Masse The seuētenneth that the Sacramēt of the supper ought to be deliuered vnder both the kindes to the laye people The eightēneth of the discipline and Nourtour of the churche both of the spirituail and temporall the .xix. Of the visitacion of the Christen The twētyeth that euery nacion should holde a counsayll among them selues euery yeare to the cōseruacton of relligion and condempnacion of Errowers Of all these Articles they agreed on both parties as appeareth by the ●reatie thereof whiche is put out in prynte And when the treatie and consul tacion of both partes was desiuered to the Empetours maiestie he she wed it to Gaspar Contarenus Cardinall S. Apolinaris the byshop of Romes Ambassadour and desyred hym to cōsent therunto But forasmuche as it is not the byshop of Romes incanyng to haue any agrement made accordyng to the scripture the Cardinal wold no nother wyse consent ▪ but so that the Articles should be sent vnto the Byshop of Rome that he myght conclude therein what should please him at the next general Counsaill that should be holden And in as muche as many of the States and de grees of the Empyre were discontent there wyth for they knewe that the Pope woulde neuer be contented wyth that Agreement seyng it woulde do no small barme and dammage too hys kyngdome they desyred the Emperoures Maiestie to geue them leaue that they myght haue those Articles that were agreed of to bee openly taught in their Churches whiche thynge also was graciously graunted them to do as the dissolycyon of thesame Parliament declared Whereupon also the Princes hereafter named caused the sayd Articles to be preached in their landes and dominions Fyrst Duke Otho Henrick of Bayer Countie Palatine on the Rene. Phillip his brother The Citie of Regensburg The Citie of Swyneforth Whom the Cytie of Rottenburg on the Tawber folowed in the yeare of oure lorde a thousande fyue hundreth fourty and foure And there woulde vndoubtedly moa haue folowed if the deuell had not hyndered them thorou hys membre Doctour Eckius For he after he had all the whyle the disputacion lasted done all hys diligence to disanulle the whole booke that the Emperoure gaue theim to agree of as Erroneouse but coulde not brynge his purpose aboute and yet muste bee affraied of the Emperoures Maiestie whiche had caused the Booke to be diligently wrytten thorowe the counsall of hys learned men or muste elles hane bene proued a lyer wyth the playne truthe thoroughe the wytnesse of the disputers of oure syde and of his awne felowes wrote vnto those states and degrees that leyned to the Byshoppe of Rome after this soarte That vnmeete Booke neuer lyked me ner yet dothe nor euer shall wherein I haue founde so many errours and fawtes Wherefore I wyll geue this sentence that it shall not bee receaued of the Catholikes as whiche dispyseth the veyne of the old fathers and smelleth vtterly of Melancthon And I Eccius haue not agreed thereunto nor haue also seene the Booke that was delyuered to the Emperours maiestie but that certer of the Lutherians Articles were read vnto me much lesse haue I agreed vnto the wrytyng that was as I heare saye delyuered to the Emperoures Maiestie with the Booke whiche I neuer sawe This wrote Eccius as is mencioned but howe vntruely his awne companions in a supplication wrytten vnto the Vmpeeres and presidentes of the disputacion wyt nesse wherein they complayne of Eccius and of hy sfalsheede excusyng them selues besydes that the presydentes also as the Lorde Frederick Countie Palatyne Electour on the Rhene and the Lord Granuell one of the Emperoures Maiesties counsayll and the Emperoures Maiestie hym selfe excused Eccius companyons and praysed them that they had done truely and honestly and confessed that Eccius had agreed and consented to that that they dyd as then all these thynges maye suffyciently be sene in the treatye it selfe Nowe the whyle the matter stoode thus as touchyng Rellygion
dominiōs of thesaid Electour which mē did first inuade Voyt land there toke the townes vilages and liberties pertaining tothe Electour piteously spoyling roauingburning destroieng many men young olde And specially therwas an execrable madnes murther cōmitted vpō an honest Curate minister that feared God at Newechurche whom when thesaid husbād mē had mostcruelly martyred murthered and sawe that he was fatte they cut him in peces after the maner of a fatte Swyne casting the peces from one to another and sayeng Lo brother there hast thou a good roastyng pece of an hogge Of whiche innocent bloud are gilty all they that do helpe or consent to the sayde murtheryshe and intestine warres whereof doutles God wyll take vengeaunce in tyme conuenient Nowe when the matter as it was fyrst begonne and purposed against the Electour his dominiōs for Duke Maurice had bene first with the kynge in Bohemy toke effect and apeared euidently as though the kyng woulde ouercome and take in all the Landes and dominions of the Electour Duke Maurice exalted hymselfe with his army and first toke the townes lyeng to warde the mountaynes and then he went with thesayde Bohemians and husband men to besege the towne of Zwickowe But least I be demed to stande to muche in myne owne conceite and to take vpon me to Iudge other wise than it becometh me in this matter I will set hereafter the true Copye of his lettres whereby he required and admonyshed the towne of the Electour to yelde them selues vnto hym by the cōsentes whereof men of honestie and vnderstanding may easely perceyue what good grounde and sure foundacion he pretended in these affaires By the grace of God we Maurice duke of Saxō Land graue of During and Marquis of Myssene aduertyse you our welbeloued and trusty counsayl and commons of Saron c. That forasmuche as the myghty Prince our Cosyn Duke Iohn Frederike the Elder hath ben founde negligent in doing of hys dutie and it is manifest that men are about to bryng you from the house of Saxon into the power of straungers and we beyng a borne prince of Saxon hauing also parte in the lande wyth our for sayd Cosyn and be charged by earnest commaundement of the Emperoures Maiestie our moste gracious lorde for the auoydyng of greuous penalties and corrections and also by the losse of our Regaltie and preeminēce our seiues to take the same land in possession or elles to permitte and suffre other to do the same whereby oure owne Landes and dominions must nedes come in daunger and destruction Wherfore we require you to sutmitte your selues vnto vs as Prince of Saxon and to receyue vs accordingly with due solempuisation And we are prone graciously inclined to desen de you in the Christen religion wherein ye bee and lyke mayer your bodyes goodes and possessions and to leaue you by youre olde liberties and priuiledges And when the matter or controuersy betwene the Emperoures Maiestie the Romyshe kynges Maiestie and our forsayde Cosyn shall come to an agreement we shalbe ready as touchynge the landes whiche we shall haue taken in possession of hys by the knowledge and wyll of their Maiesties and as muche as maye be done without their preiudice thorough our owne dominions to be intreated ordered accordyng to ryght and reason But yf ye should refuse so to do it should apeare vnto vs as though ye would wylfully be put from the house of Saxon whiche may not be suffered of vs. Wherefore we require herein your directe aunswere by the bearer of the letter in hast whyle oure enemy is at hande that we may auoyde the daunger Geuen in our Towne of zwickowe the syxt daye of Nouēber Anno a thousand fyue hundreth fourty and syxe Duke Maurice of Saxon. Manu propria When zwickowe had yelded vnto him the syxt day of Nouember he toke also the townes lyeng there about and consequētly Aldenbourgh Ilenbourgh Grymme Torgawe c. the .xvi. day of Nouember duke Maurice sent a Trompetter with two lettres the one to the Deputie and the other to the Communaltie of Witten bourgh directed betwene thre foure of the clocke at after none before the Elue gate but before the lettres were receyued the suburbes were set on fyre whereby was sygnifyed that they intended to stande to their defence The same daye dyd he also aduertise thinhabitauntes of Torgawe whiche lay in gareson for the defence of Wittenburgh that oneles they woulde come home by the next daye before Sunne set he would sende their wyues and chyldren after them and besydes that depriue them of all their goodes The ende of the Appendix or addition compyled by Maister Iohn Funke Brefe Annotations added vnto the premisses gathered out of dyuers historiographers IN the sayd yere of our lorde MD. xlvi apeace was concluded betwene Englād and Fraunce whiche on Whitsondaye was proclaimed For conclusion whereof the Viscount Lisse high Admiral of England with the Byshop of Duresine and a goodly company of Gentylmen went out of Englande into Fraunce after whose retourne Monsure Denball high Admirall of Fraunce the Byshop of Eureux and two Erles came into Englande with the Sacre of Depe and .xij. galleyes and were honorably receiued The saide yere also in lent before was the Stewes at London put downe and abolysshed by the kynges commaundement the .ix. daye of Iuly was burned at London in smithfielde Anne Askew a gentill woman Iohn lassels of the kynges preuy chambre Iohn Adlam tayler of Suffolke and Nicolas Belenyam priest for opinions consonaunt to the trueth and contrary to the acte of the syx Articles At whiche tyme al so Doctour Nicolas Schaxton somtime Byshop of Salisbury recanted and denied the trueth whiche before he had professed Whiche thing also one Doctour Crome whiche had bene a great and famous preacher had done at Paules Crosse the xxvij daye of Iune before affirming openly that he had bene seduced by noughty bookes c. In England also in Nouember was the duke of Northfolke and his sonne the Erle of Surrey attaincted of treason for the which his sonne was put to execution in Ianuary after and hym selfe cōmitted to the Towre where he doeth yet remayne IN the yere of our lord God MD. xlvij there were in Germany dyuers and wonderfull innouacions of thinges chaūces of warres chaūges of fortune yeldynges of Princes ouerthrowinges and subuersions of townes and castelles fallinges of great men conuocatiōs of Synodes and counsayles which I do here omitte partely to auoyde prolixite and partely for that the certaintie of suche thinges taken by heare say onely is oftentimes deceiuable Trusting to haue occcasion and oportunitie hereafter to declare and set furth the same matter at large The inhabitauntes of the countie of Tiroll and Isebredge were this yere sore plaghed with wonderfull locustes and grashoppers both creping and flyeng whiche were there in suche aboundaunce that the creping sorte couered all
Capitayne ▪ and the .xxvij. daye of August it was ended foure thousand beyng slayne the victory geuen through goddes grace by the handes of Iohn the noble Erle of Warwyke At the same tyme the Cornysh and Deuonshyre men were ouercome and very many of them slayn besydes many of their gentilmen taken This yere also Bonner byshop of London was put from his byshoprike for his stubborne Popyshnes the first day of October and for certainte obstinate articles cōmitted to the Marshalsee the people muche reioysyng at it In this moneth the Duke of Somerset was cōmitted to the toure to the great lamentacion of very many In this moneth also died the Pope of Rome called Paule the thyrde This yere the weke before Whitsontide thre honest marchauntes and a younge lad beinge honest mens sonnes of Brunswyke yourneyed from Andwarpe to Brunswyke there to heare at that feast goddes word preached And as they rode on Whitson euen after midnight halfway betwene Celle Brunswyke on a heath ouer gainst a certayn farme they nor yet Christ hymselfe dyd knowe namely howe a man can serue twoo maisters at ones God and the wicked worlde Item howe we can be good Christianes yet knowledge not Christ nor helpe hym to beare his crosse yea rather persecute hys poore membres God geue vs grace to knowledge his son ne a ryght suffre paciently all miuries and endure to the ende that he may also at the great and fearefull day of the lorde knowledge vs before hys heauenly father and hys vniuersal churche and before all hys aungels Amen IN the yere of oure Lorde 1550. the xix daye of Ianuary Capitayne Gambolde who was Capitayne of the Spanyardes that serued the kyng of Englande in his warres and an other Capitaine was slayne without Newe gate in an euenyng by a Spanyarde whiche was taken and hanged the. xxiii● daye of Ianuary and thre more with hym the .xxviij. day of the same moneth was Humfrey arundell and Bury with two other mo drawne hanged and quartered for because they were the these capitaynes and mayntayners of the rebellion among the Cornyshe and Deuonshyre men The sixt day of February came the Duke of Somerset out of the Tower with greate reioyiyng of muche people In the same moneth went out of Englande certayne lordes of the counsaill to Buileine where certayne of the Frenche counsayll met with them and after long consultacion had and dyuers metynges betwene them there was a generall peace conciuded whiche peace was proclaimed the .xxix. daye of Marche folowyng Also about the .xxv. day of Apryll folowyng the towne of Bullayne with the fortresses thereto belongyng was delyuered by the Englyshemen into the Frenchemens handes The second daye of May was brent at London in smythfielde a certayne woman called Ione Boocher otherwyse called Ione of Barkyng for the horrible heresy of the Apellites Cerdonians proclianites Valentinians Manichees Timotheans Apolinarianes Nestorianes sedicious Anabaptistes of our tyme whiche she helth commen with all them of a set wilfulnesse for all those hereticall patriarkes was she sure to haue as maisters and doctours of her pernicious errour that Christ toke no fleshe of the virgine as largely apeareth in the cronicles About this tyme there were certayne lyght persones pretendyng a newe commotion in Kent but they were apprehēded and dyuers of them for that trespas hanged It is sayde that this yere the .xxi. daye of Marche in the countie of Carinte besydes the Lande of Bauariam Austryche by and aboute a lyttel towne called Claghenforth it rayned corne out of the element by the space of two houres which rayne stretched in lenght .vi. Germayn myles and in breedth halfe a Germayne myle in some places so that the sayd corne beyng some white and some browne lay in some places the thickenes of an hand broade vpō the groūde Whereupō the people of the lande came and gathered of the sayde corne and brought it to the mylles and baked thereof good sauery bread the significacion of whiche mistery is reserued to God alone to whome be honoure glory and prayse in all thynges for euer and euer Amen This yere the kyng of Spayne went home agayne out of Flaunders This yere also there was a cruel proclamatiō set furth by the vniuersitie of Louayne in the name of the Emperoures Maiestie for the persecution of the faithfull Christianes condempning al maner of scripture bookes as well Bibles as other in what tonge so euer they were written or translated that had bene printed within the space of .xxx. yeres before with moste extreme death prosecutinge all the fauourours of the doctrine set furth by Martine Luther Iohn Ecolampadius Hulderike zwinglius Iohn Caluine or their ad herentes and condempning them for heretikes and their doctrine for moste pernicious and pestilent heresy without any probable argumentes or good reasons After this themperoure went vp agayne into Germany The ende of this cronicle The conclusion THus haue I Christen reader brefe●● comprehended the principall Storie ● whiche I haue founde and thought necessary as they haue bene done here there thoroughout Christendom these xviij yeres last past Howe be it if ought seme to be omitted and left out whiche is a thyng that may lyghtely chaunce to any man I beseche you that it be not interpretated in the worst parte cōsideryng that I haue done my diligence to set furth y ● truthe Wherfore yf I haue bene truely infourmed it is wel Also if it fortuned y ● in the sayd Story were made mēcion of any man vnto whō it might apeare that iniury were done vnto hym in that he is not so muche cōmended as some other woulde therefore be angry let hym remembre i● at the faulte is not in me but in hymselfe For it becometh an historiographer or Story writer to declare the truthe in all thynges Wherfore if men vse honestie their prayse shalbe the more but if they walke inordinately they deserue no prayse at all For the actes and histories that are written ought to edifye and profyte them that come after that they maye thereby learne what ought to bee eschued and what to be folowed whiche thynge without sure and certayne declaracion of the truth can not be done Therefore let suche men be angry wyth them selues yf they bee greued at the matter consideryng that they haue done nothyng and ●thy of commendacion And let them from henthe ●rth endeuoure them selues by honest conuersathe si● and Christen behaueour to couer their shame God● then shall all thynges be counted vnto them cōu●●endable for somuche as euery thynge that is past is rather imputed to the tyme and to fortune then to the will of the person when the same is perceiued and knowen to haue forsaken the euyll whiche he vsed in tymes past and to folowe honestie and goodnes And although I haue abstayned from all that myght be tedious and bitter as muche as the truth myght suffre