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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A61458	The church of Rome not sufficiently defended from her apostacy, heresie, and schisme as appears by an answer to certain quæries, printed in a book entituled Fiat Lux, and sent transcribed (as 'tis suppos'd) from thence by a Romanist to a priest of the Church of England. Whereunto are annexed the Romanist's reply to the Protestant's Answer, and the Protestant's rejoynder to that reply. By P.S. D.D.	Samways, Peter, 1615-1693.	1663 (1663)	Wing S545B; ESTC R222361	39,609	116

Imprimatur Geo Parish S. T. P. Reverend ' in Christo Patri Archiepisc ' Ebor ' a sac ' Domest ' April 14. 1663. THE Church of ROME Not sufficiently defended from her Apostacy Heresie and Schisme As appears By an Answer to certain Quaeries Printed in a Book entituled Fiat Lux and sent transcribed as 't is suppos'd from thence by a Romanist to a Priest of the Church of England Whereunto are annexed The Romanist's Reply to the Protestant's Answer and the Protestant's Rejoynder to that Reply By P.S. D.D. Yorke Printed by A. Broade and are to be sold by R. Lambert at the Minster-Gates 1663. To the Right Honourable and Right Reverend Father in God JOHN Ld. Bishop Count Palatine of Duresme Right Reverend and my much Honoured Lord WHen I waited on your Lordship the last Summer at the time of your publique-Ordination I communicated to your Lordship the Papers that now are printed in this small Booke Your Lordship was pleased to give me incouragement to publish them and withall to advise me to forbear any future reciprocation of this Saw which some count their delight to draw and retort I should not have presumed to communicate these endeavours of mine in a contest so long managed by our learned Prelates and other worthy Men of our English Church but that I perceive that our ordinary sort of people have not the opportunity to procure nor leisure to peruse Books of larger Volumne and Reverend Bishop Jewel's Apology that might instruct them in the severall Questions in debate between the true and pretended Catholiques that is betwixt the Protestants and the Romanists is rarely perused by the people of this Age though it may possibly be found in some Churches What the Person is that sent me the Quaeries extant I perceive in the booke called Fiat Lux and who made the Reply to my Answer I know not but I perceived that the people might easily be amazed by them and disposed to judge the Church of Rome not at all changed from her primitive integrity and thereupon the better inclined to desert our Communion In the Parish where I live I perceive the Papists and there are severall Families there of the Romish-perswasion generally believe that we have set up a new Religion that we have no Priests amongst us and consequently no Sacrament except perhaps what their women in some cases by allowance do administer Baptisme What effect such opinions do produce is visible enough in the spreading of this error in this place within a few years by-past That we should do our best endeavours to acquaint the people that Rome is not such as sometimes she was that England is not a Church bearing date since Henry the eight's Reigne that our Divines are Priests duely ordained that we have no defects in our Discipline destructive to the being of a sound Church and that salvation may be obtained better amongst us than in any Church in the world is the common duty of all intrusted with the charge of souls What I am able to contribute to so good a work I adventure to shew by this ensuing Discourse and how Zealous both myselfe and all others ought to be to have it done the danger of such as are misled from our Assemblies doth abundantly demonstrate That by Gods blessing this Skirmish may confirme some that stand establish some that stagger and raise up some that are fallen amongst us I hope the rather for that I have been encouraged thereunto by your Lordship who being so well skilled in the excellent structure of our settlement which were our Discipline advanced to the purity that our Church in the commination professeth is to be wished for would fall but little short of the Primitive-constitution hath alway been ready to maintain that the pretensions of Rome so far as she condemns and dissents from us in the substantiall parts of Religion are destitute of a solid foundation Your Lordships ability to defend and resolution to suffer for the Cause of our Church both at home and abroad are so well known that to speak anything of either of them is superfluous I crave your Lordships candid acceptance of this small work and withall I humbly returne my thanks for your Lordships patience in perusing these Papers and readiness to impart your Lordships direction and advice in severall particulars and with my prayers that your Lordship may enjoy that measure of health and length of life in your Diocesse that may enable you to settle it according to the pious and grave designe of your Articles of Visitation and compleat your Reparations of those Ruines that sacrilegious hands have made upon the Fabriques belonging to your Bishoprick in accomplishing which good Enterprize I have been an eye-witnesse that your Lordship forgetting your private concernes spareth neither for cost nor paines I rest My Lord Your Lorships humble and much obliged servant Peter Samwaies To my worthy friend Walter Lyster Esquire Sir THough you live among some of the Roman Religion yet you are better satisfied with the Constitution of that Church wherein you receiv'd your Baptisme than by the Quaeries that you gave me to be shaken from the truth of that Catholick Christianity which we professe since the Reformation in England When I returned to you the short Answer which you see now made publick it was received you know with as much scorne and disparagement as those of the new Religion for such I call the present Profession of Rome use to entertain the Reasons that either they understand not or know not how to answer But yet that somewhat might be retorted I know not what Champion amongst them let him answer it to his Superiours if he did it without their leave sent as you can witnesse a Reply closing it with an Appeal to an indifferent Judge I have joyned issue with him upon his own Termes and hope that whatsoever they may judge that are engaged never to approve any thing that shall convince them to be mistaken yet an indifferent Reader will acknowledge upon his perusall of our severall pleas that whatsoever Rome was in her primitive purity and splendor yet when we were forced to withdraw our selves from her Communion she had forfeited all just claim to her first excellency and cannot be excused from Apostacy Heresy and Schisme If any thing that hath been written upon the occasion of that Challenge which you brought me may contribute something to your further confirmation in the truth espoused already by you I shall not think my labour lost but if it shall conduce also to the better establishment of others I have reason as in the first place to glorify God for making me serviceable in the defence of his truth so in the next to give you thanks for engaging me in this Contest who being perhaps too much inclined to peace had not marched into this field had I not as you can witnesse first been challenged Wishing you all that felicity that none of the

and that but of 19 Bishops Hence the Replyer conceiveth it not pertinently urged because the Quaries demand the censure of a Generall Councell I know the Cardinall doth upon this account deminish the Authority of the Fathers there assēbled but yet it plainly hence appears that restore the Canon to its genuine sence and it declares the present practice of the Roman-Church not to have been universally received nay to have receiv'd a check by Men though fewer in number then have met in following Synods yet reverenced for their antiquity being assembled 20 years before the Generall Councell at Nice and therefore to be had in estimation for their age And though Baronius in passion had accused this Councell of seeming vicinity to Novatianisme yet considering that (o) Cùm quae ab illís de eâ resunt statuta ab innocentio Rom Pontifice excutentur nemo sit qui accusare praesumat Pope Innocent had acquitted them that met there he would have none to presume to accuse them upon which words Binius concludeth that Baroniues though * Eam synodum legitimā esse ab omni ecrote liberam that this Synod was lawfull and free from error As for the impertinency of alledging a Provinciall when an Oecummenicall councell was demanded let not the Replyer forget what the Quaeries propound and the answer will be proper enough for it was not only required by what General Councell hath Rome been condemned but also by what Authority was she otherwise reproved a Provinciall Synod hath authority inferior indeed to that of a Generall Councell but yet ample enough to checke the pretences of any new Doctrine that is defended as Catholique for what hath been censured though but by a provinciall Assembly so early in the Church cannot lay claime to that known Character of Chatholicisme in Vincentius Lyrinensis who admits not that to be such (p) In ipsà Catholicâ Ecclesiâ magnovere curandum est ut id teneamus quod ubique quod semper quod ad emnibus reditum est advers haeres c. 3. which was not taught in all places at all times and by all Christians and therefore that must needs be destitute of Universality Antiquity and Consent that was disapproved by the Fathers of the Councel of Eliberis which may be esteemed the more for Hosius's sake a constant man against Idolatry who sate afterwards in the first Councel of Nice and was as devout in his conversation as his (q) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Phot. Ep. p. 3. name importeth as Phosius observeth keeping his confession undefiled from Idol-worship moreover what veneration Pope Innocent's approbation gave this Assembly the Replyer I suppose will not think that any censure of his can take away The Replyer complaineth that proof is not made that the secōd Nicene Councell was not universally received what proof more Authentique then the Authority of the Synods of Eliberis and Frankford alledged by me I have given an accompt of the first already and for that of Frankford this puisne Replyer presumes I suppose without the Lycense of his Superiors to say that it neither rejects nor refutes the Nicent Canons but concurrs with the Nicent Councel that gives though not Latriam yet honorariam adorationem an honorary adoration to Pictures Two things are to be rejoyn'd t● this reply 1. That the Replyer's mistaken in saying that the Frankford Fathers rejected not the Nicene Canon● concerning Image-worship and secondly that the Nicene Canons establishing an Inferiour adoration to be given to pictures were not Cathelique Sanctions As to the First it is evident that the Replyer opposeth the judgment alwell of Bellarmine as of Baronius when he saith That the Fathers at Frankford rejected not the Canons of Nice Let him turne to his Binius and there he shall find that they both were mistaken in thinking that these Councels clashed but yet that they thought so What strength the Reasons of Binius carry against these two Cardinals I shall not enquire Sure I am that if Baronius be mistaken in his Opinion in this case he deserves little credit in other of his assertions For he affirmeth himself so farre from doubting of it (r) Tantum abest ne negemus Nicaenam secundam Synodum eandemque septi 〈…〉 Oecnmenicam dictam damnatam dici in Fran● of urdienci Concilio ut etiam augeamus numerum testium id profitentium quidem haud dubiae fidei aut autoritatis Baron Tom. 9. p. 539 An. Chr. 794. n. 27. That he solemnly professeth by undeniable testmonies to put it beyond all question and so he doth as hath been lately observed by reverend and learned Dr. Hammond out of Walafridus Strabo Amalarius Finimarus A●astatius and many others If these two learned Romanists have not in this case reputation enough to satisfie the Replyer I could send him to better witnesses to the Annalls set forth by Pythaus (s) Synodus habitu in Franconofu●t in quâ haeresis foeliciana coram Episcopis Germanorum Germaniarum Gal liarum Italorumque praesente magno Principe Carolo missis Adriani Apostolini Thcophylacto Stephano Episcopis tertio danata est Pseudo Synodus Graecorum pro adorandis imaginibus habita falso septima vocata ab Episcopis dānatur Chamler de imag To 2. lib. 21. c. 14. p. 855. where it is said that in the year 594 there was a Synod called at Frākford where Foelix was condemned and the Pseudo Synod of the Greeks that established Image-worship being falsely called the seventh is cersured by the Bishops So the life of Charles the Great published by the same Pythaeus so Ado and others G. Cassander in his 29 Epistle to John Molinaeu● gives him an ample account of the 4 Books written by the authority and under the name of Charles the French King the whole Councell of Frankford consenting to the contents of them which were sent to the Pope against the decrees of the Councell of Nice It were the best course for the Replyer to do as the rest of his Masters doe in this dispute I mean not to say that the Assemby of Frankforde did not oppose the Fathers of Nice but to under-value the Authority of that Councell as confronting without just Authority the Canons of the second Nicene which they say was a Generall whereas this of Frankford was but a Nationall Synod I come therefore to the second thing that I propounded above to prove I mean that the Canons of the 2d Nicene Councell were not Catholique Sanctions that is the Canons that give religious worship to images were not rules of sound and wholesome doctrine In this enquiry I question neither the number nor the power of such as either called this Assembly or came to it though there lye a great prejudice against Councell opposed by not a few of the Greeks and by almost all the West the Councell of Ariminum was subscribed by all the Patriarchs yea by the Pope himselfe yet was of no