columbine_n call_v by_o the_o french_a ancolie_a and_o by_o the_o languedocians_n eglantine_n the_o second_o iâ—_n a_o marigold_n and_o the_o three_o a_o violet_n the_o institution_n of_o those_o game_n be_v various_o report_v â—_o some_o ascribe_v it_o to_o a_o great_a lady_n call_v clemence_n isaure_n who_o bequeath_v the_o great_a paâ—t_n of_o her_o estate_n to_o the_o townhouse_n upon_o that_o account_n and_o who_o statue_n of_o white_a marble_n be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o great_a hall_n but_o the_o register_n of_o toulouse_n attribute_v it_o to_o seven_o nobleman_n in_o 1324._o howsoever_o it_o be_v this_o solemnity_n be_v not_o only_o laudable_a but_o even_o worthy_a to_o be_v imitate_v by_o prince_n commonwealth_n and_o great_a city_n for_o beside_o that_o it_o will_v give_v a_o honest_a diversion_n and_o emulation_n to_o the_o ingenious_a it_o will_v be_v as_o a_o touchstone_n to_o know_v the_o several_a degree_n and_o ability_n of_o understand_a man_n for_o extraordinary_a poet_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n uncommon_a genius_n and_o may_v successful_o be_v employ_v in_o weighty_a undertake_n toulouse_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n by_o the_o river_n garonne_n and_o into_o 8_o ward_n in_o reference_n to_o its_o 8_o capitoul_n the_o first_o be_v the_o daurade_n so_o call_v from_o a_o very_a ancient_a church_n under_o the_o name_n of_o our_o lady_n that_o be_v former_o a_o temple_n of_o the_o sun_n this_o precinct_n comprehend_v several_a church_n monastery_n and_o college_n the_o pest-house_n and_o the_o suburb_n of_o s._n cyprian_n with_o the_o great_a hospital_n of_o s._n james_n the_o second_o ward_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o s._n stephen_n the_o metropolitan_a church_n build_v in_o a_o great_a market_n adorn_v with_o a_o fountain_n upon_o which_o be_v raise_v a_o fine_a obelisque_n in_o 1609._o this_o church_n be_v all_o burn_v except_o that_o part_n which_o be_v call_v the_o cloister_n and_o have_v till_o some_o gothick_n statue_n of_o half_a emboss_a work_n it_o have_v since_o be_v rebuilt_a stately_a than_o before_o with_o a_o great_a and_o high_a tower_n wherein_o hang_v the_o bell_n ardaillac_n which_o be_v so_o very_o big_a that_o they_o dare_v not_o ring_v it_o lest_o the_o belfry_n shall_v fall_v beside_o 14_o vault_a chapel_n round_o about_o the_o choir_n there_o be_v also_o the_o archbishops_n palace_n the_o townhouse_n or_o capitole_n adorn_v with_o the_o picture_n of_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o french_a king_n within_o toulouse_n and_o of_o the_o capitoul_n in_o their_o robe_n the_o arsenal_n the_o chapel_n of_o the_o white_a and_o blue_a penitent_n with_o several_a church_n convent_v and_o college_n the_o old-bridge_n give_v its_o name_n to_o the_o three_o ward_n and_o be_v but_o a_o course_n piece_n of_o building_n worthy_a of_o the_o goth_n than_o of_o the_o roman_n the_o new-bridge_n which_o be_v far_o fine_a do_v hardly_o yield_v to_o that_o of_o paris_n and_o no_o wonder_n since_o it_o be_v begin_v in_o 1544_o and_o but_o end_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o age._n in_o this_o precinct_n be_v the_o exchange_n the_o court_n of_o the_o provost_n and_o consul_n of_o merchant_n and_o the_o cage_n wherein_o blasphemer_n be_v include_v to_o be_v drown_v into_o the_o garonne_n the_o four_o ward_n call_v la_fw-fr pierre_n or_o the_o stone_n have_v nothing_o considerable_a the_o five_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o church_n dalbade_fw-es enjoy_v by_o the_o father_n of_o the_o oratory_n since_o the_o year_n 1620._o there_o be_v beside_o the_o inquisition_n a_o place_n well_o know_v by_o the_o cruelty_n against_o the_o albigeois_n near_o which_o be_v a_o round_a castle_n esteem_v by_o du_n chesne_n to_o be_v a_o remainder_n of_o the_o ancient_a capitole_n the_o island_n s_o antony_n form_v by_o the_o garonne_n and_o inhabit_v by_o handicraft-man_n the_o six_o ward_n call_v s._n pierre_n des_fw-fr cuisines_n have_v among_o other_o church_n and_o monastery_n that_o of_o the_o franciscan_n surname_v observantins_n which_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n in_o bigness_n and_o sumptuosity_n but_o be_v especial_o renown_v for_o a_o cave_n which_o consume_v dead-body_n without_o anoint_v the_o skin_n and_o displace_v the_o joint_n here_o be_v the_o university_n with_o the_o college_n of_o foix_n found_v by_o peter_n cardinal_n of_o foix_n and_o endow_v with_o two_o library_n one_o of_o mss_n and_o the_o other_o of_o print_a book_n that_o of_o narbonne_n found_v by_o gambert_n archbishop_n of_o arles_n and_o narbonne_n in_o 1342_o that_o of_o l'equille_n begin_v in_o 1561_o and_o end_v 1608_o at_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o town_n for_o teach_v the_o hebrew_n greek_a and_o latin_a tongue_n here_o be_v also_o the_o mill_n of_o the_o basacle_n who_o workmanship_n be_v esteem_v one_o of_o the_o great_a curiosity_n of_o toulouse_n this_o place_n in_o latin_a vadaculum_fw-la that_o be_v small_a ford_n give_v likewise_o its_o name_n to_o a_o bridge_n and_o a_o gate_n hard_o by_o the_o castle_n the_o seven_o ward_n call_v s._n bartholomew_n have_v the_o castle_n narbonnoise_n which_o be_v the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o count_n of_o toulouse_n and_o a_o very_a strong_a place_n before_o k._n charles_n vii_o now_o it_o be_v the_o palace_n of_o the_o parliament_n with_o the_o hall_n of_o the_o plea_n the_o marble-table_n the_o prison_n call_v hauts-murats_a the_o court_n of_o the_o exchemier_n and_o the_o mint_n where_o money_n be_v coin_v and_o mark_v at_o the_o letter_n m._n the_o eight_o ward_n under_o the_o name_n of_o s._n sernin_n or_o saturnin_n a_o ancient_a collegiate_n church_n defend_v by_o gun_n at_o the_o top_n of_o it_o so_o place_v that_o none_o of_o the_o many_o pillar_n which_o underprop_v the_o building_n can_v cover_v a_o man_n from_o their_o shot_n this_o they_o do_v because_o of_o the_o great_a treasure_n that_o be_v include_v in_o this_o church_n for_o there_o be_v above_o 50_o silver-skreens_a wash_v over_o with_o gold_n beside_o the_o jewel_n and_o church-ornament_n here_o be_v the_o tomb_n of_o the_o ancient_a count_n of_o toulouse_n of_o its_o prelate_n and_o nobility_n five_o miles_n north-west_n of_o this_o city_n lie_v the_o village_n or_o lordship_n of_o pibrac_n which_o i_o mention_v here_o for_o have_v give_v its_o name_n to_o a_o toulousan_a gentleman_n gui_n du_fw-fr faur_n lord_n of_o pibrac_n precedent_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n and_z ambassador_z of_o france_n to_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n and_o then_o to_o poland_n under_o charles_n ix_o and_o hen._n iii_o he_o have_v leave_v several_a loose_a discourse_n and_o piece_n of_o poetry_n but_o the_o most_o renown_v be_v his_o moral_a quatrain_n which_o for_o their_o brevity_n majesty_n and_o if_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v sententiousness_n may_v still_o challenge_v the_o first_o place_n among_o all_o which_o have_v be_v write_v in_o this_o kind_n by_o uninspired_a men._n it_o appear_v by_o several_a passage_n of_o this_o golden_a book_n that_o the_o author_n be_v not_o at_o all_o addict_v to_o the_o superstition_n of_o rome_n though_o he_o never_o public_o embrace_v the_o reformation_n no_o more_o than_o divers_a other_o great_a and_o learned_a man_n of_o his_o time_n who_o seem_v to_o approve_v of_o the_o doctrine_n but_o do_v not_o like_o the_o manner_n of_o propogate_a it_o seven_o miles_n south-west_n of_o toulouse_n lie_v the_o village_n of_o plaisance_n so_o call_v from_o the_o goodness_n of_o its_o air_n soil_n and_o situation_n adrian_n de_fw-fr valois_n suppose_v it_o to_o be_v the_o vernus_fw-la sol_fw-la of_o aethicus_n but_o i_o rather_o take_v it_o for_o a_o place_n call_v vernouse_a which_o lie_v just_a 15_o italian_a mile_n south-west_n of_o toulouse_n as_o the_o vernus_fw-la sol_fw-la of_o that_o geographer_n i_o find_v nothing_o considerable_a of_o the_o other_o place_n of_o this_o diocese_n as_o montoriol_n vieille_n toulouse_n s._n jori_fw-la columiers_fw-fr castelmoron_a ville-longue_n ville-neuve_a montagut_n montgaillard_n versevil_n lenta_fw-la carmain_n with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o county_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o montauban_n montauban_n mons_fw-la albanus_n be_v one_o of_o the_o 6_o bishopric_n of_o pope_n john_n xxii_n erection_n it_o be_v former_o a_o monastery_n found_v by_o theodard_n archbishop_n of_o narbonne_n and_o when_o it_o be_v make_v a_o cathedral_n the_o abbot_n bertrand_n du_fw-fr puy_n be_v the_o first_o bishop_n of_o it_o as_o to_o the_o town_n it_o be_v but_o at_o the_o beginning_n a_o very_a strong_a castle_n which_o in_o process_n of_o time_n increase_v into_o a_o considerable_a city_n by_o the_o fertility_n of_o its_o soil_n and_o the_o conveniency_n of_o its_o situation_n upon_o a_o hill_n and_o the_o river_n tescounot_n and_o tarn_n on_o the_o high_a way_n from_o toulouse_n to_o lymoges_n and_o thence_o to_o paris_n it_o be_v build_v or_o repair_v in_o 1144_o and_o unite_v to_o the_o french_a king_n domesne_n in_o 1171_o
matter_n before_o the_o king_n council_n so_o that_o our_o reform_a see_v that_o no_o justice_n be_v to_o be_v hope_v from_o the_o parliament_n make_v a_o interest_n to_o remove_v the_o cause_n before_o the_o king_n council_n that_o they_o may_v avoid_v expense_n which_o many_o other_o imitate_v not_o without_o the_o secret_a support_n of_o the_o court._n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o french_a the_o reader_n must_v not_o here_o expect_v a_o account_n of_o the_o bard_n and_o druid_n or_o of_o the_o idolatrous_a worship_n of_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n neither_o be_o i_o mind_v to_o assert_v or_o confute_v what_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v st._n denis_n the_o areopagite_n be_v bishop_n of_o paris_n or_o st._n martial_n bishop_n of_o lymoges_n and_o both_o apostle_n of_o the_o gaul_n about_o the_o year_n 70._o by_o whosoever_o the_o christian_a religion_n have_v be_v first_o preach_v in_o france_n sure_o it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v early_o enough_o since_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o second_o century_n there_o be_v two_o conspicuous_a church_n at_o lion_n and_o vienne_n who_o endure_v a_o long_a and_o bloody_a persecution_n under_o the_o empire_n of_o marc._n aurele_n an._n 176._o by_o what_o mean_n and_o degree_n popery_n corrupt_v christianity_n be_v not_o a_o mystery_n in_o this_o protestant_a kingdom_n but_o i_o have_v some_o observation_n to_o make_v upon_o the_o progress_n and_o present_a state_n of_o that_o superstitious_a worship_n in_o france_n it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o superstition_n begin_v to_o creep_v into_o the_o church_n by_o the_o overgreat_a honour_n the_o faithful_a render_v to_o those_o christian_a hero_n the_o martyr_n who_o contrary_a to_o the_o heathen_a that_o get_v a_o name_n by_o their_o be_v troublesome_a to_o other_o signalise_v themselves_o by_o their_o own_o suffering_n and_o with_o great_a reason_n be_v they_o so_o much_o reverence_v since_o the_o pagan_a antiquity_n which_o mention_n so_o many_o hercules_n can_v hardly_o supply_v we_o with_o a_o anaxarchus_n while_o these_o courageous_a athletes_n lie_v in_o prison_n sinner_n be_v release_v of_o their_o penance_n upon_o their_o intercession_n after_o their_o death_n their_o tomb_n be_v the_o gathering-place_n of_o the_o faithful_a and_o when_o god_n have_v give_v peace_n to_o his_o church_n temple_n be_v build_v upon_o or_o near_o their_o grave_n and_o call_v after_o their_o name_n and_o as_o the_o vulgar_a do_v not_o know_v how_o to_o keep_v the_o golden_a middle_a path_n hate_v or_o love_n despise_v or_o praise_n to_o excess_n so_o this_o due_a and_o lawful_a remembrance_n soon_o degenerate_v into_o a_o idolatrous_a worship_n perhaps_o at_o the_o beginning_n it_o have_v be_v easy_a to_o clergyman_n to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o that_o superstition_n but_o the_o generality_n find_v it_o seem_v their_o reckon_a by_o it_o and_o pious_a man_n dare_v not_o oppose_v the_o current_n however_o the_o gaul_n have_v the_o honour_n to_o produce_v one_o jovinian_a a_o monk_n of_o milan_n who_o endure_v a_o long_a persecution_n for_o open_o disprove_v the_o creep_a practice_n of_o coelibacy_n vow_n and_o the_o veneration_n of_o relic_n in_o the_o time_n of_o st._n ambrose_n but_o a_o great_a man_n than_o jovinian_a who_o neither_o italian_n nor_o spaniard_n can_v challenge_v be_v vigilantius_n for_o he_o be_v bear_v at_o calaguri_n a_o small_a borough_n near_o cominge_n in_o gascony_n true_a it_o be_v that_o st._n jerom_n dispute_v against_o he_o with_o much_o violence_n but_o the_o learned_a know_v that_o the_o conduct_v of_o this_o father_n be_v not_o so_o much_o commend_v as_o his_o science_n and_o notwithstanding_o his_o outcry_n vigilantius_n quiet_o die_v in_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n and_o leave_v a_o great_a many_o disciple_n who_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o forefather_n of_o the_o albigenses_n as_o those_o of_o jovinian_a maintain_v the_o truth_n in_o the_o church_n of_o italy_n till_o claudius_n archbishop_z of_o turin_n arise_v and_o be_v succeed_v by_o the_o vaudois_n the_o second_o step_n of_o superstition_n be_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n which_o when_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o east_n can_v no_o long_o oppose_v god_n raise_v charlemaign_a in_o the_o west_n who_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v condemn_v together_o with_o the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a in_o another_o hold_v at_o francfort_n ann._n 794._o at_o the_o same_o time_n agobard_fw-mi archbishop_n of_o lion_n and_o claudius_n of_o turin_n preach_v and_o write_v against_o these_o idolatrous_a practice_n which_o prevail_v at_o last_o during_o the_o weakness_n and_o division_n of_o charlemaign'_v house_n and_o successor_n transubstantiation_n be_v a_o casual_a offspring_n of_o image-worship_n for_o when_o thâ—_n orthodox_n tell_v the_o iconolatre_n that_o god'â—_n son_n have_v leave_v we_o but_o a_o image_n of_o himself_o namely_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n which_o notwithstanding_o he_o never_o command_v to_o adore_v the_o last_o after_o many_o subterfuge_n final_o bethink_v themselves_o of_o this_o answer_n 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o consecrate_a bread_n and_o wine_n be_v not_o a_o simple_a image_n of_o our_o lord_n but_o his_o true_a body_n and_o blood_n against_o this_o strange_a doctrine_n bertram_n or_o ratramn_v priest_n and_o monk_n of_o corby_n in_o picardy_n compose_v a_o book_n about_o the_o year_n 850._o and_o a_o little_a after_o john_n scot_n erigeene_n professor_n of_o divinity_n in_o the_o university_n of_o paris_n write_v of_o the_o same_o matter_n both_o by_o order_n of_o charles_n the_o bald_a emperor_n by_o the_o opposition_n of_o these_o great_a man_n this_o monstrous_a tenet_n be_v somewhat_o suppress_v but_o as_o it_o lift_v up_o its_o head_n again_o after_o their_o death_n berengarius_fw-la archdeacon_n of_o anger_n be_v arise_v for_o the_o truth_n in_o 1035_o be_v a_o long_a time_n maintain_v by_o several_a french_a bishop_n against_o the_o power_n and_o persecution_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o die_v in_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n ann._n 1088_o not_o without_o solemn_o recall_v the_o nonsensical_a confession_n which_o the_o pope_n nicolas_n ii_o and_o gregory_n vii_o have_v force_v upon_o he_o after_o berengarius_fw-la the_o assertor_n of_o the_o truth_n have_v more_o dreadful_a storm_n to_o go_v through_o however_o france_n be_v never_o want_v such_o christian_a hero_n some_o reject_v all_o the_o popish_a error_n as_o peter_n de_fw-fr bruys_n and_o henry_n of_o tolose_a the_o waldenses_n and_o albigenses_n some_o confute_v transubstantiation_n as_o john_n dr._n of_o paris_n know_v under_o the_o name_n of_o joannes_n de_fw-fr parisiis_fw-la other_o bewail_v the_o corruption_n of_o the_o church_n as_o nicolas_n of_o clemangis_n other_o inveigh_v against_o the_o monk_n their_o luxury_n and_o covetousness_n especial_o william_n of_o st._n amour_n as_o to_o those_o that_o oppose_v the_o tyranny_n and_o usurpation_n of_o the_o pope_n it_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a to_o enumerate_v they_o and_o i_o refer_v my_o reader_n to_o the_o learned_a rich_a and_o du_n pin._n de_fw-fr potest_fw-la eccles_n l._n 1._o c._n 3._o de_fw-fr antiq._n eccles_n discipl_n diss_n 7._o the_o french_a soil_n be_v so_o well_o prepare_v to_o receive_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o gospel_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o if_o the_o disciple_n of_o luther_n and_o the_o write_n of_o calvin_n cause_v such_o a_o harvest_n in_o that_o kingdom_n one_o ought_v rather_o to_o be_v surprise_v that_o it_o be_v not_o fruitful_a every_o where_n and_o that_o against_o all_o appearance_n in_o less_o than_o 200_o year_n the_o roman_a tare_n have_v outward_o cover_v the_o whole_a realm_n again_o i_o say_v against_o all_o appearance_n for_o it_o seem_v somewhat_o strange_a that_o some_o northern_a country_n have_v general_o embrace_v and_o hitherto_o preserve_v the_o reformation_n and_o that_o the_o quick-sighted_a frenâ—â—_n have_v suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v impose_v uâ—on_n so_o far_o as_o to_o let_v popery_n and_o tyrant_n prevail_v after_o they_o have_v spill_v so_o much_o blooâ—_n to_o obtain_v at_o least_o a_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n i_o will_v not_o presume_v to_o enter_v the_o secret_n 〈◊〉_d god_n but_o as_o the_o way_n of_o his_o providence_n may_v sometime_o be_v discover_v after_o the_o â—vent_n and_o the_o fault_n of_o our_o forefather_n 〈◊〉_d the_o fraud_n of_o our_o enemy_n may_v make_v 〈◊〉_d wise_a for_o the_o future_a so_o it_o will_v not_o methink_v be_v amiss_o to_o observe_v the_o cause_n thaâ—_n have_v put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o reformation_n iâ—_n france_n 1._o in_o most_o of_o the_o country_n that_o reformeâ—_n themselves_o the_o church-revenue_n be_v noâ—_n all_o dispose_v of_o according_a to_o the_o pious_a intent_n of_o the_o giver_n but_o a_o good_a part_n waâ—_n appropriate_v to_o secular_a uses_n which_o alienate_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o other_o country_n and_o give_v they_o occasion_n to_o insinuate_v to_o the_o people_n that_o covetousness_n anâ—_n not_o
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and_o die_n so_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o justice_n for_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o both_o county_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o 1469_o one_o john_n rabot_n make_v a_o new_a statute-book_n divide_v in_o a_o hundred_o article_n which_o be_v afterward_o confirm_v by_o the_o parliament_n of_o dauphiné_n crest_n have_v declare_v itself_o for_o the_o league_n in_o the_o last_o century_n but_o its_o governor_n montoison_v surrender_v it_o to_o the_o french_a king_n henry_n the_o great_a in_o 1589_o and_o since_o that_o time_n its_o tower_n have_v be_v demolish_v six_o league_n south_n of_o valence_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o drum_n be_v the_o burrow_n of_o lauriol_n or_o l'auriol_n laureolum_fw-la or_o aureolum_fw-la with_o a_o priorate_a of_o s._n john_n order_n mâ—utelimar_n almost_o nine_o league_n south_n west_n of_o crest_n and_o 13_o south_n of_o valence_n be_v a_o considerable_a town_n seat_v upon_o a_o mountain_n wash_v by_o the_o river_n rubion_n whence_o and_o from_o its_o founder_n the_o lord_n of_o grignan_n call_v adhemar_n of_o monteil_n it_o have_v take_v the_o name_n of_o montilium_fw-la adhemari_fw-la and_o in_o french_a montilly_n monteil-aymar_a and_o montelimar_n 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v that_o one_o milon_n the_o pope_n legate_n assemble_v the_o bishop_n of_o the_o neighbour_a province_n against_o raymond_n the_o vi_o count_n of_o touloâ—â—â—nd_n â—nd_z the_o albigeois_n in_o 1208._o one_o girard_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d r_o make_v homage_n of_o this_o town_n to_o pope_n graâ—â—â—â—_n the_o xi_o and_o exchange_v it_o with_o clement_n the_o â—ii_n for_o the_o lordship_n of_o grillon_n but_o the_o dauphin_n lewis_n the_o xi_o not_o like_v this_o barter_n goâ—_n the_o town_n of_o montelimar_n again_o restore_v grillon_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o give_v the_o lordship_n of_o marsanne_n to_o adhemar_n in_o 1446._o in_o the_o last_o age_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o town_n be_v among_o the_o first_o who_o declare_v for_o the_o reformation_n which_o draw_v 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hannibal_n go_v through_o their_o country_n in_o his_o journey_n to_o the_o alps_n the_o first_o bishop_n of_o st._n paul_n mention_v in_o history_n be_v one_o florentius_n who_o assist_v to_o the_o council_n of_o epaone_n or_o ponay_n in_o 517._o in_o the_o last_o age_n the_o protestant_n be_v master_n of_o that_o town_n during_o near_o 50_o year_n but_o in_o 1590._o antony_n du_n cros_n who_o have_v be_v name_v to_o that_o bishopric_n sing_v mass_n again_o in_o the_o cathedral_n after_o the_o popish_a worship_n have_v be_v expel_v from_o it_o 44_o year_n grignan_n be_v a_o small_a burrough_n seat_v upon_o a_o mountain_n 4_o league_n north_n east_n of_o st._n paul_n it_o have_v the_o title_n of_o a_o barony_n but_o be_v much_o more_o considerable_a by_o the_o lustre_n of_o its_o lord_n who_o be_v know_v since_o the_o 10_o or_o 12_o century_n and_o have_v be_v entrust_v with_o several_a important_a