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A61460 A letter to His Most Excellent Majesty King William III shewing, I, the original foundation of the English monarchy, II, the means by which it was remov'd from that foundation, III, the expedients by which it has been supported since that removal, IV, its present constitution, as to all its integral parts, V, the best means by which its grandeur may be for ever maintain'd. Stephens, William, d. 1718.; William III, King of England, 1650-1702. 1699 (1699) Wing S5461; ESTC R14146 10,509 17

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perfectly answer'd by the establish'd form of a Commonwealth The end of all Governments is the common good of the People and if that great End be attained under any establish'd Form he is fit only for a Mad-house who will endeavour to pull down the establish'd form only to introduce a new one And a Party of such mad men as these can never be sufficient to raise a jealousy in any Government which is under an upright Administration Tho it must also be acknowledged that as corrupt Prelates make way for a Presbyterian Government into the Church so a corrupt Court-party may occasionally introduce a Republican form of Government into the State Besides there is no man who understands the political Structure of the English Monarchy but will find it so agreeable to the Interest of a free People that nothing can be added to it to render it more perfect and it is particularly manifest that all the Advantages which may be suppos'd to arise from a Commonwealth may be as freely and fully deriv'd from the Temper of the English Monarchy as may thus appear If any man would know what is the Constitution of the Government under which he lives there are but two things to be done in order thereunto 1. He may consider the nature of Sovereign Power in relation to all those particular integrating parts out of which it is form'd and composed And 2. It will be also needful to consider in what Persons these integral parts of Sovereign Power are vested and lodged For every independent Government comprehends a Sovereign Power within it self and is specified by the different Lodgment of the parts of that Sovereignty Now the integrating parts which compound Sovereign Power are these 1. Legislative Power or Authority to make Laws 2. Executive Power which consists in creating Officers to execute the Laws and discharge all the Functions of the Government according to Law 3. A Power of making War and Peace 4. A Power of raising Money for support of the Government either in War or Peace 5. The last Appeal in all cases of Law To which may be added 6. The Power over the Mint And of these six parts of Sovereign Power 't is notorious that there are but one moiety lodged in the Person of the King of England viz. The executive Power the Power of War and Peace and the Coinage And of these three branches of Royal Power the Executive which is the greatest is so limited that the King cannot employ any man in Civil or Military Office under him but such a one who is qualify'd by Laws of the Peoples making And tho the power of War be vested in the King yet the Commons have reserv'd to themselves the power of raising Money without which no War can be carry'd on As for the Coinage 't is only an honorary Trust rather than any real Power But in the Legislature which is the greatest point of Sovereign Power 't is certain that the Commons have their share insomuch that no Law can be enacted without their Authority And they also having the power of opening the Purse of the Nation 't is certain that no War can be carried on without their Consent The last Appeal in Suits of Law is usually made to the House of Lords And as long as this happy Constitution shall be preserv'd from the power of Violence and Fraud I cannot tell what to wish for which may be of greater advantage to the People of England But yet nothing is more notoriously known than chat in the four last Reigns many Church-arts and Court-practices were used to break in upon this happy Constitution by raising the Power of the King above what it ought to be and by reducing the Commons to a narrower compass of Power than what of Right belongs to them And 't is also very well known that whosoever have shewn their Resentments hereupon have bin represented as Commonwealths-men and Antimonarchical But tho these men were declared Enemies to the Turkish and French forms of Monarchy 't was very visible that they were me truest Lovers of English Monarchy because their Behaviour provoked only that sort of men who were promoting such Principles and Practices as tended to change some part of that Constitution Upon the whole matter a Commonwealth-form of Government can never be receiv'd among us in England but only as the last Refuge when the Church-party and Court-party have thro corruption subverted the admirable Constitution of English Monarchy But to return from this Digression since Priest-craft and Court-craft have been of late so much discover'd since Bigotry of late days is grown out of request since the unbigotted People are more dutiful to your Majesty than the Bigots are and since the common People of England are more firm and trusty than a Court-party I cannot but think that A Real Popularity would be a better Expedient than a Church and Court-party join'd together can be for as to the Expedient of a Standing Army 't is certain that besides its own inrrinsic insufficiency Lewis the present French King and James the last of England have render'd it odious It stinks in the Nostrils of all freeborn Men and can only be an Expedient to set up a Commonwealth But 't is plain that A professed regard to the Common-weal of the People of England steddily pursu'd did raise the English Monarchy under the Administration of Q. Elizabeth of blessed memory to as high a degree of Glory as it ever attain'd when it stood upon its natural Foundation Nor is any Expedient so proper for your Majesty to use as this For 1. Upon this Foundation the Glory of your Illustrious Ancestors was built And 2. Hereby your Majesty was recommended to the just and rightful possession of the Crown which at present you adorn Party-taking Party-making or Partiality of all sorts over-threw King Charles the First shook the Throne of King Charles the Second and overturned the Monarchy under the Administration of the late King James which by your Majesty's Affection to the People of England was restor'd and by the same means is still preserv'd and may be advanc'd to as high a pitch of Glory as ever heretofore it had gain'd For hereby 1. All the true Ends of Government will be fully answered 2. All Factions and Parties will be sunk and forgotten there will be no Whig nor Tory no Jacobite no Church-party Court-party nor Country-party for the Interest of Court and Country will be one and the same which has not been known since the Death of Queen Elizabeth and therefore will be wonderfully pleasing for its Novelty as well as for its Profitableness 3. Virtue and Honesty which have bin much decay'd of late years will be encourag'd and restor'd For no Man can pretend to recommend himself to your Royal Favour but by advancing the Design which your Majesty openly dos encourage 4. Hereby your Majesty will gain such a Credit with your People as by virtue thereof very much to increase the Wealth and Strength of the Nation in a short time And your Majesty's Revenue must necessarily bear a sutable proportion to the Trade of your Subjects so that he who commands the Trade of the World will consequently command the Wealth of the World And 5. Hereby you may be able to follow the two great Maxims of Queen Elizabeth's Reign which were 1st To be the Head of the Protestants all over the World And 2dly To keep the Ballance of Europe equal and steddy And thus the Glory of the English Monarchy under your Majesty's gracious Administration will be the Terror of others and the Delight of all English People which is the sincere desire of Your Majesty's most faithful dutiful and humble Subject and Servant THE END A Catalogue of Books written against a Standing Army and sold by A. Balwin AN Argument shewing that a Standing Army is inconsistent with a Free Government and absolutely destructive to the Constitution of the English Monarchy In 2 Parts Price 1 s. A Letter from the Author of the Argument against a Standing Army to the Author of the Ballancing Letter Price 3 d. Some Queries for the better understanding K. James's List of 18000 Irish Heroes published at the Savoy in answer to what had bin and what should be writ against a Standing Army Price 1 d. A Discourse concerning Government with relation to Militias Price 6 d. The Militia Reform'd or an easy Scheme of furnishing England with a constant Land Force capable to prevent or to supdue any Foreign Power and to maintain perpetual Quiet at home without endangering the Publick Liberty The 2d Edition Price 1 s. A short History of Standing Armies in England The 3d Edition Price 6 d. A Confutation of a late Pamphlet intituled A Letter ballancing the Necessity of keeping up a Land Force in times of Peace with the Dangers that may follow on it Part I. The 2d Edition Price 6 d. The Second Part being a Vindication of Magna Charta will be speedily publish'd A Letter to a Member of Parliament concerning Guards and Garisons Price 2 d. A 2d Letter concerning the four Regiments commonly called Mareeners Price 3 d. The Seaman's Opinion of a Standing Army in opposition to a Fleet at Sea as the best security of the Kingdom In a Letter to a Merchant written by a Sailor The 3d Edition Price 6 d. Some further Considerations concerning a Standing Army Pr. 3 d. The State of the Case or the Case of the State Price 1 d.