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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54288	New instructions to the guardian shewing that the last remedy to prevent the ruin, advance the interest, and recover the honour of this nation is I. a more serious and strict education of the nobility and gentry, II. to breed up all their younger sons to some calling and employment, III. more of them to holy orders, with a method of institution from three years of age to twenty one.	Penton, Stephen, 1639-1706.	1694 (1694)	Wing P1440; ESTC R5509	42,499	186

Monarchies of the World Four Elements V. Five Books of Moses Five Senses Five Declensions of Nouns VI. Six Days for the Creation Six Days in the Week for Labour VII Seven Churches of Asia Seven Wise Men of Greece Seven Kings of Rome VIII Eight Persons saved in Noah's Ark. Eight Days for Circumcision Eight Parts of Speech in Latin IX Nine Muses X. Ten Commandments XI XII Twelve Patriarchs Twelve Tribes of Israel Twelve Apostles More under each Figure you may add and occasionally explain the Particulars As for instance under the Figure 1 One World because some pleaded for infinite Worlds One God because the Heathen worshipped many false Gods One Mediator because the Papists have many 3. Because of all instruction there is nothing so much to be considered as the Morals of a Child both for true Happiness here and hereafter besides the Directions every where in the Guardians Instructions As soon as ever the Child seems to stare about that is as soon as ever he is capable of Observation and Reflection I would have the Tutor take Solomon's Proverbs especially such as respect God Religion Good Manners Civil Breeding and Duty in all Relations and Enlarge on and explain them according to the Lord Bacon's method in his Advancement on the Sundays and Holydays Perhaps it may be wondered at why I distinguish this Exercise by the particular time of performing it Truly it is to beget an early veneration for the Sabbath and holy Festivals For when a Child is accustomed to a more Solemn and Religious Instruction upon some days than others he will in time begin to consider why so and being taught the Occasion and the Reason perhaps may love and observe such times the better for it as long as he lives 4. Another diverting exercise for a Child is that of Writing which will profitably fill up some idle Hours a Muscular Motion the sooner the better it is begun Though it be allmost Proverbial That Scholars Write ill yet three Parts of the Kingdom take a good Hand to be some degree of Learning and it is no disparagement to good Sence to be written in a fair Character and read with pleasure especially if he prove an Author and write Books it will save many a curse from the Compositor These and the following Directions may serve private Schools as well as Families especially if true care be taken to place Children of near the same Age and the same Capacities in one Class wherein the Instructions being equally intelligible may beget a laudable Aemulation and brisk the Spirits which by carelesness would stagnat and lie unactive And on the other side when a Youth of less Age though perhaps as good Natural Parts shall be forced every Hour to do the pennance of Admiring the great Performances and Commendations of the Scholar who sits next him The first effect of this is he often wishes he could do the same but afterward sighs because he cannot this begets a kind of shame and discontent which makes his little Soul retire and hide it self he acts what he could do with less of Spirit and quarrels the Stars for not being born as wise as he who is Five Years older I would have the Immoralities and Negligence of Youth punished severely but as to their Meer Parts and Natural Abilities all the kindness and encouragement in the World is but enough There are many more particulars very proper to have been Added here but I referr the Tutor to the general directions for the better breeding a Child of great Quality in the Guardian 's Instruction pag. 65. One Advice I must conclude the Child's English Exercises with After he hath paid his Devotion in the Morning and before he doth it at Night let him constantly read a Chapter Great is the Influence of such a Practice I have been told of Persons noted for extravagance of Atheism and Immorality who have yielded to the Impressions of such a Custom retired to say their Prayers and read a Chapter whenas before and after this they would dispute God's Being and Providence and return with the Dog to their Vomit and with the Sow to their wallowing in the Mire It is expedient that those Chapters be frequently read which may fix in the Memory such great Examples as make God's Providence illustrious either for miraculous Deliverances of good Men such as are Joseph Moses Hezechiah Daniel or for Punishing notorious Sins as the Rebellion of Corah Oppression of Ahab Pride of Nebuchadnezzar Sacrilege of Belshazzar Cruelty of Haman Lying of Ananias and Saphira c. The Pleasure of such kind of Readings will make a Child mind the Sense and perhaps may render the Remembrance very instructive Directions for Learning Latin and Greek THE Rules of Grammar for learning Latin and the Explication of those Rules have been performed well already and it is not for me to pretend to that Art I shall Master my Design if I can but suggest any thing that may be useful to make the Practice of those Rules easier for the Gentry For I have often heard from Gentlemen who have travailed that Children in the Schools abroad come sooner much to understand Latin than here in England I know better than to question the truth of what comes well attested I only wish to be able to prevent some of those Impediments which make the difference 1. Some alleage for an occasion of it the Foggyness of our Air and foul Feeding as if forsooth the Soul of an English Child were mired and so stuck as it were in a Muddy Carcase as to move more heavily But this I will never endure for a reason of the thing because our Youths would then never be able to overtake these hasty Sparks which 't is certain they do when they grow and if I were not an Englishman I would assert that they out-go them generally in that Language And what Nation in Europe need we envy the Professors in all Arts and Sciences Divinity Mathematicks Civil Law Physick Critical and Philological Learning So that let not our good Beef and Mutton be thought ill of or the Air impregnated with our Ignorance and Dulness Unless in favour of Musick an Italian should put in a Cavent against all Tramontanes and with a keener Judgment split our gross Sounds and seem to want the delicate touch upon the Drum which beats in his Climate 2. Others therefore ascribe it to the differing Method in teaching as is said in the Apparatus de Grantmaticâ pag. 28. which if true us there seems more sense in it then it were to be wish'd that whosoever is hereafter so Piously and Publickly enclin'd as to Build and Endow a School before he tye up the School and Schoolmaster by strict and unalterable Statutes of Method he would scan the courses that are taken beyond Sea and fashion his own Institution to the Advantage and Honour of our Nation For the common Rules of Teaching here either by Custom or particular Injunction of

enclined to hearken to these Good Wishes In the Second Part I will prescribe him such a Method from the very beginning of his Adventure as by God's Blessing upon his Abilities shall give him very great Insight if he can take Pains enough A Catalogue of several Great Families whose Relations have been Church Men. AGelnothus Bishop of Canterbury Son of Earl Agelmare Athelmarus Bishop of Winton Son to Hugh Earl of March Henry de Bloys Bishop of Winchester Brother to King Stephen Hugh de Pudsey Bishop of Durham Earl of Northumberland Boniface of Savoy Bishop of Cant. Uncle to Queen Eleanor Wife to Henry III. Richard Talbot Bishop of London Allied to the Talbot's after Earls of Shrewsbury Henry Beaufort Bishop of Lincoln and Winton Son to John of Gaunt William Courtney Bishop of Canterb. Son of Hugh Courtney Earl of Devon Giles de Bruce Bishop of Hereford Son of William Lord de Bruce George Nevil Bishop of Exon and York Brother to Richard Nevil Earl of Warwick Thomas Piercy Bishop of Norwich Allied to the Piercy's Earls of Northumberland Lionel Woodvil Bishop of Sarum Son to Earl Rivers Thomas Vipont Bishop of Carirsle Allied to Viponts then Earls of Westmorland Marmaduke Lumley Bishop of Carlisle Allied to the House of Lumley's Walter Bishop of Durham Earl of Northumberland Julius de Medices Bishop of Worcester Allied to the House of Medices in Italy Nicholas de Longespee Bishop of Sarum Son to William Earl of Salisbury William Dudley Bishop of Durham Son of John Lord Dudley Walter de Cantilupo Bishop of Worcester of a Great House in Normandy Lewes Beaumont Bishop of Durham of the Blood-Royal of France Thomas Arundel Bishop of Canterb. Son to Robert Earl of Arundel and Warren James Berkley Bishop of Exon Son to the Lord Berkley Richard Scroope Bishop of Coventry and Litchfield Brother to William Scroope Earl of Wiltshire Thomas Bourchier Bishop of Cant. Son to Henry Bourchler Earl of Essex Roger de Clinton Bishop of Coventry and Litchfield of the same Family with Geofry de Clinton John Stafford Bishop of Canterbury Son to the Earl of Stafford William de Vere Bishop of Hereford Richard Beauchamp Bishop of Hereford and Sarum John Orandison Bishop of Exon of the House of Grandison Dukes of Burgundy Edmund Audley Bishop of Hereford Allied to the Lord Audley Henry 〈◊〉 Bishop of Lincoln 〈…〉 Baron of Lords John Zou●h Bishop of Landaff Brother to the Lord Zouch Fulco Basset Bishop of London Lord Basset James Stanley Bishop of Ely Brother to the Eacl of Derby Simon Montacute Bishop of Ely Allied to the Montacutes then Earls Salisbury What Clergy have sprung from the Gentry Lawyers and Merchants you may see in a very large Catalogue annexed to the Charter of the Corporation for Widows and Children of Clergy-men Printed July 1. 1678. for John Playford in Little-Britain To speak my mind more plainly 1. A strict Education of the young Nobility and Gentry would be a great Advantage to the Publick It is a great Wrong to the National Concerns that we lose the Service and Assistance which the Parts of so many excellent Persons might afford What great variety would the King have to fill up all void Places of Trust and Honour What choice of Privy-Councellors Ambassadors Judges and Justices of the Peace What a glorious shew of Military Officers at Land and Sea We may learn from an Enemy How mightily doth the French King serve himself of the Nobility there What an Emulation makes them contend to deserve best And though God be thanked the Arbitrary Command of our Service is not so great as theirs yet the Love of our Country ought to be And what a noble Resolution would it be for all Persons of Quality to Consecrate the several Inclinations of their Children to the respective Services of the Kingdom Civil Ecclesiastical or Military according as Sedentariness and Books or Activity and Business is their Talent How many Honourable Conditions doth great skill in the Law prepare a Man for How many Lives doth a good Physician save And what a Calamitous want is there in many places where many a Gentleman miscarries because the Quack cannot write a good Bill or because the Apothecary cannot read a bad Hand There are great Dignities in the Church which no doubt the King had rather bestow on a Man of Birth If his Temper be for Action in the Field he will scarce ever want an opportunity to be as Stout as he pleaseth And he must have a care of mistaking the Employment It is not now as in the time of Peace when being good for little was Qualification enough for a Soldiers Life which is often chosen because it is most like to Idleness Now Industry Hardiness Vigilancy Skill and Conduct is required and Courage to venture the Lottery of Death or Honour 2. A strict Education of the Nobility and Gentry would be of great Advantage to their own Private Families The Eldest Son would keep up the Honour and wisely manage the Estate of his Ancestors and be likely to add to both But on the contrary if he value himself by the customary liberty of Heirs to be Loose and Idle he may Hunt Hoop and Hallow for some Years but in a little time thou shalt look and behold he is not thou shalt seek him but he shall no where be found And besides the danger of running out an Estate a loose and fond Education of a Son and Heir is the ready way to make him self-will'd Humoursome and Proud For having been gratifyed in all he desired when young he expects the same Fondness from all People when he grows up and for want of it grows Peevish Sowre and Unconversable And I believe many Mothers Wives Sisters and Servants have often found such a Man prove the most imperious Son Husband Brother Master and Neighbour in all the Kingdom As for the Younger Sons if they are not bred up to some Profession their case is not indifferent They are left to the dieting of a moderate Condition Their Parentage makes them aim at Great Fortunes but the hard word Jointure spoils all Sobriety in such Persons is a great Vertue and it must be a great share of preventing Grace that can keep them within bounds it being a very hard matter not to do ill when a Man hath nothing else to do Whereas were they bred good Scholars what might not they promise themselves I would have every younger Son dream as Joseph did That Father Mother and eldest Brother should bow to his Wealth and Power There have been Honourable Families in this Kingdom which have made this good By undertaking one of the forementioned Professions as they may do great service to the Nation so in the end they may be very well paid The Kingdom is not niggardly to such as deserve if they are not wanting to themselves by Modesty No Nation in Europe hath better rewards for Industry and I verily believe they are generally as well

Soul and reckon the Prospect of Two Thousand a Year but as Paper and Pack-thread to the Fruit. 4. At his first coming to Oxford it is fit he should be made acquainted with some general knowledge of Philosophy of the Original Design and several parts of it because this will abate that confusion and surprize of Thoughts which cannot but attend the first entrance on this new fort of Learning 5. Great Industry must be employed to explain the Terms in all the Parts of Philosophy Because though this may be thought dry Diet for a Gentleman yet hereafter it will have this use that if the Person prove bookish and thinks it worth his while to read a controversial piece of Divinity or Philosophy it will trouble a Man of good Comprehension not to understand an Argument for want of knowling some od Term on which perhaps the Stress lies 6. Next to the Terms the Rules of Reasoning and foundations of Moods and Figures and Consequences being frequently insisted on and throughly known would be more beneficial to such a Person not being of a Foundation or intending to stay long than to dispute Logical Questions for either he will be vexed to find an Argument or will have nothing else to do but to read one of his Tutors making which is all lost Time 7. After a short System of Phisick in the old way a taste of the new Philosophy would relish well to understand the differing Principles upon which it proceeds 8. It will be very accomplishing to have some time set apart for the Mathematicks but for this there ought to be a Tutor particular whose singular conversation in that Study shall teach him much in little time 9. Ethicks Politicks History and the Practice of Rhetorick will be of everlasting use to a compleat Gentleman and therefore will best become the most designing part of the Institution Here it may be expected that I should be more particular in the Concerns of an Academical Institution both as to the Morals and Knowledge of the young Gentleman But that being already performed partly in the Guardian 's Instructions and partly in the Apparatus I shall referr the Tutor without swelling these Papers with a Transcript 1. As for that Behaviour which good Manners the Statutes of the University and a design of success and Proficiency oblige him to it is at large set down in the Guardian 's Instruction beginning page 50. and occasionally in many other Places with Advices to Parents Tutor and Scholar 2. As for a general Scheme of Philosophy both Speculative and Practical from the Original Design and Division of it See Appatus Chap. 9. 3. For a short and plain view of the Nature Use and Method of Logick See Apparatus Chap. 12. The special Parts of Philosophy follow only I think Institution in Ethicks and Civil-Law may usefully be mixed 4. A Method for the Study of History is at large set down in the special Part of the Apparatus de Munere Historico What Preparatory Directions are to be given for undertaking any one of the eminent Professions either of Physick Civil-Law Common-Law or Divinity each of which are capable to reward as much Industry as any Gentleman shall think sit to bestow are here to follow and compleat the design of an Academical Education which I take to be absolutely necessary to sit any Person of Quality to serve God and his Country in any publick and useful Employment or Calling And therefore I wish I were able to remove those Prejudices against the Universities which hinder many Persons from sending their Sons thither whence those Prejudices arise and in order to remove them what conceros the Governours Tutors and Discipline of the University as also what concerns the Parents and young Gentlemen to be bred up there hath been suggested in the Guardian Instruction to which I referr such Gentlemen as are sollicitous for the disposal of their Children into the World what some put in Practice at this time I cannot approve of 1. To send a young Gentleman to the Academy at Ten or Eleven Years of Age to be accomplished in those Exercises first and afterwards to be made a Scholar at the very first sight looks preposterous For after he hath been Mounted made look big and his Head runs round with the Prancings of the Great Horse he will think himself sitter to lead an Army than to sit down with the lazy Arts of Wisdom and Learning 2. To take him from School and place him with a prudent exemplary Minister is a way probable enough to keep him Virtuous and improve his Knowledge provided he will endure Confinement But that Conversation is somewhat of the narrowest for a Gentleman born to spread when he comes of Age and mix with Persons of his own Quality who have had a more Liberal knowledge of the World 3. If he be sent from School to some Protestant University beyond Sea the strangeness of New Faces Language Manners and Studies may prove perhaps uneasie And then their great want of Discipline to confine him to Prayers Exercises and Meals is dangerous all he will have to do is to keep touch with a Lecturer and what is learned from him most young Gentlemen are so civil as to leave behind them when they return If for cheapness or curiosity instead of an English Governour he be committed to a Foreigner there are some in the World who without a Fee will tell you what that is like to come to This Caution I thought necessary and now shall proceed I cannot better compare a Person who by his honest Industry hath qualified himself to serve his Generation in some special Course of Life than to a Man who hath laboured a great while with many a Sigh and weary Step to climb up an high Hill and at length reaching the Top rests and pants and with delight looks back down on the tedious exercise of his Limbs and Patience then turns about and views a mighty Plain which offers to the curiosity of his Choice variety of Paths to walk in according as his Ability and Condition shall direct him to take 1. Some are for following their greedy Eyes and taking the longest Path to borrow the Wisdom of foreign Countries for the use of their own And no doubt it would be a great Advantage to the Nation did every Person study to make the usefulness of his Travels equal the pleasure he takes in seeing things abroad and reporting them at home To this purpose 't is convenient to enquire after those Authors who have bestowed their Experience on the World very particularly on this Subject And because my Hand is in and Instruction is the Word in all this Book I am bound to set down such general Advises for Travailing as at this time come into my Thoughts I. The knowledge of your own Country is necessary not only for your own Pleasure and Satisfaction but also to beget a curiosity of looking and enquiring II. I