the_o reader_n as_o brief_o as_o we_o can_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o word_n interpret_v for_o we_o do_v not_o here_o design_n to_o deliver_v all_o the_o rule_n of_o that_o art_n now_o since_o they_o that_o speak_v make_v use_n of_o certain_a word_n or_o form_n of_o speak_v in_o order_n to_o be_v understand_v by_o other_o and_o to_o raise_v the_o same_o motion_n and_o affection_n of_o the_o mind_n in_o their_o hearer_n as_o they_o feel_v themselves_o those_o may_v be_v say_v to_o interpret_v other_o man_n word_n if_o we_o take_v the_o word_n in_o a_o large_a acceptation_n whoso_o express_v they_o in_o another_o tongue_n that_o they_o who_o hear_v the_o interpreter_n speak_v think_v altogether_o the_o same_o thing_n in_o the_o very_a same_o order_n and_o manner_n as_o the_o person_n that_o speak_v first_o will_v have_v they_o if_o all_o language_n be_v equal_o copious_a and_o furnish_v with_o word_n of_o the_o same_o force_n and_o energy_n we_o may_v safe_o then_o render_v word_n for_o word_n and_o phrase_n for_o phrase_n and_o consequent_o we_o shall_v only_o have_v occasion_n for_o a_o literal_a simple_a translation_n but_o since_o language_n do_v not_o answer_v one_o another_o so_o exact_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v a_o verbal_a translation_n if_o the_o narration_n be_v somewhat_o long_o many_o thing_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v explain_v in_o sewer_n or_o more_o word_n as_o the_o occasion_n demand_v if_o the_o interpreter_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o be_v understand_v and_o to_o gain_v that_o point_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o his_o hearer_n as_o he_o who_o interpreter_n he_o be_v desire_n he_o shall_v nay_o sometime_o though_o we_o increase_v or_o diminish_v the_o number_n of_o word_n yet_o the_o same_o notion_n can_v be_v express_v in_o two_o language_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o idiom_n a_o infinite_a number_n of_o word_n and_o expression_n whether_o figurative_a or_o proper_a be_v so_o peculiar_a to_o their_o own_o tongue_n that_o they_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v transfuse_v into_o another_o without_o a_o long_a and_o troublesome_a circumlocution_n which_o can_v be_v insert_v into_o a_o translation_n from_o hence_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o conclude_v that_o no_o translation_n can_v be_v in_o all_o respect_n complete_a that_o be_v to_o say_v such_o a_o translation_n that_o after_o the_o peruse_n of_o it_o the_o reader_n shall_v think_v the_o very_a same_o thing_n and_o be_v affect_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o if_o he_o understand_v the_o language_n out_o of_o which_o the_o version_n be_v make_v and_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v for_o himself_o out_o of_o the_o original_a fountain_n and_o as_o this_o hold_v certain_o true_a in_o all_o language_n in_o the_o world_n so_o it_o be_v most_o sensible_o perceive_v in_o the_o latin_a translation_n of_o the_o hebrew_n book_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a disagreement_n between_o the_o hebrew_n and_o latin_a tongue_n as_o we_o shall_v more_o full_o demonstrate_v below_o we_o know_v indeed_o that_o the_o ancient_a jew_n and_o christian_n who_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n think_v the_o greek_a version_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n but_o especial_o that_o of_o the_o pentateuch_n common_o say_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o lxx_o interpreter_n to_o be_v the_o most_o absolute_a thing_n in_o its_o kind_n that_o ever_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n whether_o the_o chaldean_n learn_v the_o greek_a tongue_n or_o the_o greek_n the_o chaldean_a tongue_n and_o light_n upon_o both_o scripture_n the_o chaldean_a and_o that_o into_o which_o it_o be_v translate_v they_o admire_v and_o adore_v they_o as_o sister_n or_o rather_o as_o one_o and_o the_o same_o both_o in_o word_n and_o thing_n not_o content_a to_o call_v they_o interpreter_n but_o prophet_n and_o revealer_n of_o heavenly_a thing_n that_o happy_o express_v the_o genuine_a thought_n of_o moses_n with_o a_o most_o pure_a spirit_n these_o be_v philo_n word_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vitâ_fw-la mosis_fw-la which_o we_o can_v hearty_o wish_v be_v as_o true_a as_o they_o be_v remote_a from_o truth_n we_o shall_v then_o have_v the_o best_a and_o sure_a interpreter_n of_o moses_n and_o the_o exemplar_n of_o a_o perfect_a translation_n which_o they_o be_v very_o far_o from_o oblige_v the_o world_n with_o but_o since_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o what_o philo_n pretend_v be_v do_v by_o the_o lxx_o interpreter_n be_v impossible_a to_o be_v perform_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a difference_n of_o language_n as_o it_o have_v be_v already_o observe_v we_o do_v not_o therefore_o attempt_v to_o translate_v the_o old_a testament_n because_o we_o hope_v that_o those_o who_o be_v only_o well_o skilled_a in_o latin_a may_v be_v able_a after_o the_o read_n of_o our_o translation_n to_o reach_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o prophet_n as_o well_o as_o those_o that_o understand_v hebrew_n and_o hear_v they_o speak_v in_o their_o own_o native_a tongue_n we_o think_v it_o be_v enough_o to_o aspire_v towards_o it_o as_o far_o as_o the_o most_o different_a idiom_n of_o the_o two_o language_n will_v give_v we_o leave_v and_o since_o without_o take_v too_o great_a a_o liberty_n we_o can_v not_o bend_v the_o hebrew_n phrase_n to_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n we_o often_o express_v the_o hebraism_n word_n for_o word_n especial_o such_o as_o the_o christian_a world_n have_v be_v long_o accustom_a to_o or_o whenever_o we_o do_v not_o certain_o understand_v the_o meaning_n of_o any_o place_n of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o but_o because_o the_o hebrew_n phrase_n and_o manner_n of_o expression_n be_v different_a from_o all_o other_o will_v give_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o trouble_n to_o those_o that_o be_v only_o acquaint_v with_o latin_a we_o have_v add_v a_o plain_a paraphrase_n more_o suit_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o tongue_n by_o the_o read_n of_o which_o if_o they_o can_v attain_v to_o the_o very_a word_n of_o moses_n yet_o since_o we_o have_v in_o the_o same_o order_n express_v that_o in_o latin_a which_o moses_n do_v in_o hebrew_n they_o will_v in_o some_o measure_n comprehend_v his_o sense_n and_o not_o as_o i_o imagine_v deviate_v much_o from_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o text._n by_o this_o mean_n what_o we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o compass_v by_o one_o single_a version_n perhaps_o we_o may_v perform_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o paraphrase_n but_o after_o all_o we_o think_v we_o shall_v not_o full_o satisfy_v the_o curiosity_n if_o not_o of_o the_o most_o learned_a yet_o of_o those_o who_o be_v not_o altogether_o stranger_n to_o hebrew_n if_o we_o do_v not_o in_o our_o annotation_n explain_v the_o hebraism_n opinion_n custom_n rite_n the_o allusion_n to_o they_o and_o the_o nature_n of_o place_n as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v arrive_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o and_o give_v a_o account_n of_o our_o whole_a translation_n and_o paraphrase_n thus_o in_o our_o paraphrase_n we_o have_v in_o a_o few_o word_n show_v what_o our_o opinion_n be_v and_o in_o our_o annotation_n more_o at_o large_a why_o we_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n nevertheless_o there_o be_v something_o in_o the_o paraphrase_n which_o be_v not_o always_o to_o be_v find_v in_o our_o annotation_n for_o in_o the_o former_a the_o reader_n will_v discover_v the_o connexion_n and_o series_n of_o the_o whole_a oration_n which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n we_o can_v not_o always_o attend_v in_o our_o comment_n beside_o we_o have_v observe_v both_o by_o our_o own_o and_o the_o experience_n of_o other_o that_o especial_o in_o difficult_a book_n notwithstanding_o the_o annotation_n of_o learned_a man_n upon_o every_o word_n the_o connexion_n be_v very_o often_o obscure_a so_o that_o though_o all_o the_o word_n be_v well_o enough_o understand_v yet_o the_o force_n and_o order_n of_o the_o reason_n do_v not_o appear_v therefore_o we_o think_v ourselves_o oblige_v to_o obviate_v this_o inconvenience_n by_o make_v a_o continue_a paraphrase_n after_o the_o example_n of_o several_a judicious_a do_v judicious_a as_o the_o learned_a publisher_n of_o the_o book_n in_o usum_fw-la delphini_n have_v general_o do_v author_n which_o conduct_n if_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v altogether_o so_o necessary_a in_o historical_a write_n as_o some_o who_o have_v not_o due_o consider_v the_o matter_n may_v imagine_v yet_o the_o great_a usefulness_n of_o it_o will_v at_o least_o appear_v in_o the_o hagiographi_fw-la as_o they_o be_v call_v and_o the_o book_n of_o the_o prophet_n however_o i_o dare_v without_o vanity_n affirm_v that_o several_a who_o after_o they_o have_v read_v the_o translation_n think_v they_o understand_v the_o series_n of_o the_o oration_n well_o enough_o will_n if_o they_o cast_v their_o eye_n on_o our_o paraphrase_n even_o in_o the_o historical_a book_n confess_v that_o they_o miss_v several_a thing_n which_o they_o fancy_v
it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v a_o translation_n of_o the_o scripture_n without_o a_o man_n interpose_v his_o own_o sense_n against_o his_o will_n though_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o the_o sacred_a volume_n can_v be_v so_o translate_v that_o our_o own_o conjecture_n may_v not_o be_v read_v instead_o of_o the_o divine_o inspire_a author_n meaning_n whether_o obscure_a or_o clear_a but_o this_o be_v impracticable_a for_o the_o abovementioned_a reason_n and_o therefore_o after_o we_o have_v do_v all_o that_o we_o can_v to_o explain_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o scripture_n as_o plain_o as_o it_o be_v possible_a the_o world_n must_v either_o acquiesce_v in_o our_o endeavour_n or_o every_o one_o must_v study_v hebrew_n in_o his_o own_o defence_n and_o take_v the_o best_a method_n he_o can_v to_o satisfy_v himself_o we_o have_v take_v that_o care_n all_o along_o in_o our_o translation_n as_o very_o seldom_o to_o interpose_v our_o own_o judgement_n where_o the_o place_n be_v somewhat_o doubtful_a but_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o use_v this_o caution_n every_o where_n however_o we_o have_v faithful_o set_v down_o in_o our_o annotation_n what_o conjunction_n or_o preposition_n be_v read_v in_o the_o hebrew_n word_n notata_fw-la word_n in_o the_o hebrew_n it_o be_v and_o noah_n and_o he_o stay_v but_o m._n le_fw-fr clerk_n have_v translate_v it_o noachus_n tamen_fw-la expectavit_fw-la tamen_fw-la but_o with_o our_o author_n leave_n haec_fw-la videntur_fw-la esse_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d notata_fw-la consult_v our_o note_n upon_o genesis_n 6.8_o chap._n 8.12_o we_o have_v also_o observe_v that_o sometime_o the_o true_a signification_n of_o the_o particle_n be_v wrest_v where_o the_o translator_n do_v not_o clear_o understand_v why_o the_o sacred_a writer_n have_v use_v they_o in_o certain_a place_n see_v our_o comment_n upon_o down_o upon_o where_o agreeable_o to_o the_o hebrew_n our_o author_n have_v translate_v it_o supra_fw-la firmamentum_fw-la st._n jerom_n sub_fw-la firmamento_fw-la the_o lxx_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o juxta_fw-la firmamentum_fw-la the_o english_a in_o the_o firmament_n but_o his_o reason_n be_v too_o long_o to_o be_v set_v down_o gen._n 1.20_o some_o have_v make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o use_v latin_a particle_n not_o such_o as_o exact_o answer_v the_o hebrew_n but_o such_o as_o they_o will_v have_v use_v if_o they_o have_v be_v oblige_v to_o express_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o latin_a after_o their_o own_o manner_n which_o conduct_n may_v throw_v both_o translator_n and_o reader_n into_o very_o shameful_a mistake_v but_o we_o in_o the_o translation_n of_o the_o hebrew_n particle_n have_v never_o recede_v from_o the_o most_o common_o receive_v signification_n of_o they_o unless_o we_o be_v absolute_o force_v to_o do_v it_o although_o sometime_o it_o be_v none_o of_o the_o most_o proper_a for_o we_o be_v well_o satisfy_v that_o all_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n do_v not_o connect_v their_o sentence_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o introduce_v they_o use_v the_o same_o thread_n of_o narration_n if_o we_o design_v faithful_o to_o copy_n their_o different_a way_n of_o speak_v if_o this_o have_v be_v due_o consider_v by_o that_o learned_a author_n who_o have_v oblige_v the_o world_n with_o a_o laborious_a and_o useful_a book_n call_v the_o concordance_n of_o the_o particle_n he_o have_v mighty_o lessen_v the_o signification_n which_o he_o attribute_n to_o they_o for_o very_o often_o he_o mind_v nothing_o else_o but_o how_o to_o substitute_v a_o agreeable_a or_o a_o more_o emphatical_a latin_a particle_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o hebrew_n the_o same_o ingenious_a person_n have_v observe_v that_o these_o particle_n be_v sometime_o redundant_fw-la and_o sometime_o deficient_a which_o he_o have_v evince_v by_o several_a unquestionable_a example_n though_o some_o of_o they_o it_o be_v true_a may_v be_v call_v into_o question_n for_o as_o there_o be_v some_o place_n where_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o they_o either_o abound_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v supply_v so_o there_o be_v other_o where_o they_o give_v we_o no_o small_a difficulty_n which_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o every_o little_a pretender_n to_o remove_v for_o instance_n if_o in_o gen._n 19.26_o where_o we_o have_v render_v it_o and_o she_o become_v a_o pillar_n of_o salt_n we_o suppose_v the_o two_o particle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v want_v as_o they_o common_o be_v than_o the_o sense_n of_o that_o passage_n will_v be_v and_o she_o become_v like_o a_o statue_n in_o a_o saltish_a soil_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o genuine_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n as_o we_o have_v observe_v in_o our_o dissertation_n upon_o that_o subject_n it_o be_v undoubted_a that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v to_o be_v understand_v gen._n 24.23_o ch._n 38.11_o and_o perhaps_o it_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o abovementioned_a place_n rather_o than_o express_v to_o avoid_v the_o harshness_n of_o the_o sound_n which_o will_v happen_v there_o if_o the_o forego_n word_n terminate_v in_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o have_v likewise_o show_v upon_o onagri_fw-la upon_o where_o ishmael_n be_v say_v in_o the_o original_a to_o be_v onager_fw-la homo_fw-la instead_o of_o instar_fw-la onagri_fw-la so_o job_n 11.12_o pullus_n onagri_fw-la nascitur_fw-la homo_fw-la instead_o of_o rudis_fw-la instar_fw-la pulli_fw-la onagri_fw-la gen._n 16.12_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d similitudinis_fw-la as_o the_o grammarian_n use_v to_o call_v it_o be_v frequent_o want_v however_o lest_o we_o shall_v forcible_o seem_v to_o fasten_v our_o own_o meaning_n upon_o moses_n word_n we_o have_v render_v it_o verbatim_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o original_a see_v a_o far_a instance_n of_o a_o ellipsis_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n nabor_n nature_n in_o the_o hebrew_n be_v the_o god_n of_o abraham_n and_o the_o god_n of_o nahor_n the_o god_n of_o their_o father_n where_o the_o particle_n and_o be_v want_v after_o nabor_n gen._n 31.53_o we_o have_v bring_v some_o 74._o some_o as_o that_o of_o levit._fw-la et_fw-la postridie_fw-la e_o t_o reliquiae_fw-la ex_fw-la to_o comedentur_fw-la where_o the_o particle_n et_fw-fr be_v certain_o superfluous_a see_v other_o example_n in_o ch._n noldius_fw-la where_o he_o handle_v this_o particle_n numb_a 74._o example_n upon_o gen._n 20.16_o where_o vaughan_n abound_v and_o if_o we_o do_v not_o know_v that_o it_o be_v redundant_fw-la the_o meaning_n will_v be_v perplex_v and_o obscure_a it_o be_v manifest_o redundant_fw-la gen._n 22.4_o nay_o sometime_o it_o abound_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o book_n as_o in_o the_o first_o verse_n of_o the_o prophet_n jonah_n and_o the_o word_n of_o the_o lord_n etc._n etc._n who_o for_o all_o that_o be_v no_o more_o tack_v to_o obadiah_n than_o obadiah_n be_v to_o amos._n this_o occasion_v a_o certain_a person_n to_o conclude_v absurd_o that_o all_o the_o book_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n be_v the_o collection_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n connect_v together_o after_o that_o manner_n vii_o to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v their_o everlasting_a way_n of_o form_v their_o narration_n by_o preterperfect_a or_o future_a tense_n join_v together_o by_o the_o conjunction_n vau_fw-fr which_o give_v we_o no_o small_a trouble_n it_o be_v very_o certain_a that_o no_o emphasis_n be_v design_v by_o it_o and_o that_o it_o may_v best_o be_v express_v by_o latin_a participle_n or_o other_o particle_n with_o which_o the_o latin_n use_v to_o join_v the_o part_n of_o their_o sentence_n together_o as_o all_o interpreter_n have_v do_v although_o some_o of_o they_o have_v use_v this_o liberty_n more_o spare_o then_o other_o however_o it_o be_v a_o eternal_a drudgery_n in_o a_o strict_a translation_n frequent_o to_o change_v the_o structure_n of_o the_o phrase_n nor_o indeed_o can_v any_o thing_n excuse_v our_o so_o do_v but_o mere_a necessity_n therefore_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n we_o be_v often_o force_v to_o omit_v the_o conjunction_n and_o exchange_v it_o for_o the_o latin_a particle_n verò_fw-la autem_fw-la deinde_fw-la tum_fw-la enim_fw-la postea_fw-la dein_fw-ge quoque_fw-la etiam_fw-la at_o que_fw-fr and_o suchlike_a at_o other_o time_n we_o use_v participle_n as_o the_o reader_n will_v discover_v in_o abundance_n of_o place_n if_o he_o compart_v our_o translation_n with_o the_o hebrew_n for_o instance_n the_o two_o and_o thirty_o chapter_n be_v thus_o join_v together_o 1._o and_o jacob_n go_v and_o they_o meet_v he_o 2._o and_o jacob_n say_v and_o he_o call_v the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n 3._o and_o jacob_n send_v 4._o and_o he_o command_v they_o 6_o and_o the_o messenger_n return_v 7._o and_o he_o be_v afraid_a and_o be_v in_o distress_n and_o he_o divide_v 8._o and_o he_o say_v etc._n etc._n which_o will_v be_v insupportable_a in_o latin_n there_o be_v several_a version_n of_o the_o
new_a controversy_n that_o then_o employ_v the_o whole_a christian_a world_n so_o that_o the_o interpreter_n rather_o busy_v themselves_o to_o confute_v error_n than_o give_v we_o a_o plain_a and_o critical_a enarration_n of_o the_o word_n i_o will_v not_o say_v that_o by_o thus_o incline_v their_o study_n man_n of_o part_n and_o learning_n have_v be_v so_o far_o lead_v out_o of_o the_o way_n that_o they_o have_v seek_v out_o doctrine_n which_o be_v true_a indeed_o and_o agreeable_a to_o religion_n in_o improper_a place_n though_o nothing_o be_v more_o certain_a however_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o by_o so_o do_v they_o have_v neglect_v several_a help_n necessary_a for_o the_o understanding_n of_o language_n since_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o a_o man_n to_o grasp_v every_o thing_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o that_o have_v read_v the_o most_o celebrate_a commentary_n of_o the_o divine_n of_o the_o last_o age_n and_o examine_v their_o translation_n know_v how_o true_a this_o be_v and_o to_o prove_v it_o to_o those_o that_o never_o look_v upon_o they_o will_v be_v labour_n lose_v they_o that_o employ_v their_o time_n most_o this_o way_n chief_o depend_v upon_o some_o late_a grammarian_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o modern_a rabbin_n but_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n destitute_a of_o all_o other_o assistance_n of_o critical_a learning_n i_o will_v fain_o know_v which_o of_o they_o in_o the_o last_o age_n apply_v the_o history_n of_o the_o old_a eastern_a people_n who_o border_v upon_o the_o hebrew_n and_o what_o we_o find_v in_o ancient_a author_n relate_v to_o their_o manner_n opinion_n and_o their_o country_n towards_o the_o illustration_n of_o the_o scripture_n two_o or_o three_o perhaps_o and_o no_o more_o nevertheless_o st._n jerom_n have_v long_o ago_o advise_v though_o no_o body_n will_v regard_v he_o that_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o compose_v book_n of_o our_o own_o as_o for_o instance_n about_o covetousness_n faith_n virginity_n widow_n and_o upon_o each_o of_o these_o head_n to_o â—â—duce_v testimony_n from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o bible_n and_o set_v they_o off_o with_o a_o little_a secular_a eloquence_n and_o make_v a_o magnificent_a appearance_n upon_o such_o common_a subject_n and_o another_o thing_n to_o dive_v into_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o prophet_n and_o apostle_n to_o know_v why_o they_o write_v so_o by_o what_o reason_n they_o support_v their_o opinion_n what_o peculiar_a thing_n the_o idumean_n the_o moabite_n the_o ammonite_n the_o tyrian_n the_o philistine_n the_o egyptian_n and_o assyrian_n have_v to_o themselves_o in_o the_o old_a testament_n for_o it_o be_v necessary_a continue_v he_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v different_a cause_n and_o argument_n and_o original_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o place_n and_o time_n and_o man_n to_o who_o they_o be_v write_v but_o neither_o in_o st._n jerom_n time_n nor_o afterward_o do_v any_o one_o before_o our_o age_n regard_v this_o advice_n as_o it_o deserve_v so_o that_o our_o ancestor_n have_v leave_v we_o a_o very_a ample_a harvest_n for_o this_o sort_n of_o learning_n upon_o this_o account_n we_o may_v pretend_v to_o set_v out_o more_o accurate_a translation_n and_o annotation_n upon_o the_o scripture_n than_o they_o do_v though_o we_o be_v otherwise_o inferior_a to_o they_o in_o wit_n learning_n and_o industry_n in_o their_o time_n theological_a and_o moral_a precept_n can_v hardly_o be_v inculcate_v enough_o but_o now_o since_o they_o be_v know_v to_o all_o we_o lie_v under_o no_o necessity_n to_o dwell_v upon_o they_o any_o long_o therefore_o have_v we_o employ_v ourselves_o in_o that_o way_n of_o interpretation_n which_o we_o have_v describe_v in_o this_o dissertation_n and_o have_v endeavour_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n we_o enjoin_v ourselves_o very_o religious_o how_o we_o have_v succeed_v in_o our_o performance_n let_v other_o person_n judge_v who_o have_v pursue_v these_o study_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n to_o who_o censure_n we_o most_o willing_o submit_v our_o undertake_n and_o shall_v be_v always_o ready_a to_o receive_v their_o instruction_n and_o emendation_n with_o all_o imaginable_a gratitude_n dissertation_n iii_o concern_v moses_n the_o writer_n of_o the_o pentateuch_n and_o his_o design_n in_o writing_n i._o the_o necessity_n of_o treat_v of_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o pentateuch_n ii_o three_o sort_n of_o thing_n we_o find_v in_o the_o pentateuch_n 1._o those_o that_o happen_v before_o moses_n 2._o the_o action_n of_o moses_n which_o be_v without_o doubt_n first_o write_v by_o himself_o 3._o other_o thing_n which_o real_o be_v or_o at_o least_o seem_v to_o be_v late_a than_o the_o age_n of_o moses_n iii_o those_o passage_n which_o some_o people_n imagine_v to_o be_v late_a than_o moses_n be_v examine_v iv_o that_o very_o few_o place_n can_v come_v under_o that_o denomination_n however_o that_o the_o pentateuch_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v give_v away_o from_o moses_n upon_o that_o account_n v._o that_o it_o be_v uncertain_a who_o make_v those_o addition_n vi_o that_o the_o design_n of_o the_o writer_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n towards_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o his_o write_n vii_o moses_n design_n in_o write_v the_o pentateuch_n inquire_v into_o the_o two_o former_a dissertation_n have_v a_o relation_n to_o the_o other_o book_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n as_o well_o as_o to_o those_o of_o moses_n but_o now_o we_o intend_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o moysaicall_a write_n exclusive_a of_o the_o rest_n for_o we_o can_v well_o omit_v the_o discussion_n of_o that_o celebrate_a question_n which_o have_v be_v so_o warm_o debate_v in_o this_o age_n viz._n whether_o moses_n write_v the_o pentateuch_n some_o author_n that_o have_v make_v no_o small_a noise_n in_o the_o world_n have_v positive_o assert_v that_o it_o be_v not_o write_v by_o moses_n or_o at_o least_o that_o such_o as_o it_o have_v come_v down_o to_o our_o hand_n it_o be_v not_o whole_o he_o however_o we_o in_o our_o commentary_n according_a to_o the_o receive_a opinion_n of_o the_o most_o ancient_a time_n have_v all_o along_o attribute_v it_o to_o he_o therefore_o we_o must_v now_o inquire_v which_o of_o the_o two_o opinion_n be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o truth_n and_o this_o we_o shall_v perform_v after_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o not_o to_o bring_v the_o least_o reproach_n or_o invidious_a reflection_n but_o only_a reason_n and_o argument_n against_o those_o that_o be_v of_o the_o contrary_a side_n neither_o out_o of_o a_o unmeasurable_a prepossession_n shall_v we_o deny_v those_o thing_n that_o be_v evident_o plain_a then_o after_o we_o have_v full_o prove_v the_o pentateuch_n to_o be_v the_o work_n of_o moses_n we_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o find_v out_o his_o design_n in_o write_v it_o no_o think_v man_n will_v doubt_v but_o that_o both_o these_o disquisition_n be_v of_o the_o last_o consequence_n towards_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o these_o book_n and_o since_o they_o can_v not_o so_o convenient_o be_v handle_v in_o our_o commentary_n we_o shall_v dispatch_v they_o in_o this_o dissertation_n with_o all_o the_o brevity_n we_o can_v ii_o there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o thing_n to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o write_n of_o moses_n which_o we_o must_v here_o take_v into_o our_o consideration_n we_o shall_v have_v soon_o do_v with_o the_o two_o first_o but_o we_o shall_v dwell_v somewhat_o long_o upon_o the_o last_o the_o first_o comprehend_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v do_v before_o moses_n be_v bear_v at_o least_o before_o he_o come_v to_o year_n of_o maturity_n of_o which_o nature_n be_v the_o history_n comprise_v in_o genesis_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o exodus_fw-la and_o here_o if_o we_o except_o a_o few_o place_n which_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o examine_v we_o find_v nothing_o that_o may_v induce_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o moses_n be_v not_o the_o author_n no_o body_n doubt_n but_o that_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o other_o matter_n of_o fact_n which_o be_v there_o relate_v down_o to_o moses_n parent_n may_v be_v write_v by_o he_o learned_a man_n only_o doubt_v whether_o moses_n real_o write_v they_o and_o if_o he_o write_v they_o whether_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o convey_v they_o down_o to_o posterity_n in_o writing_n or_o whether_o he_o may_v not_o take_v what_o he_o have_v from_o ancient_a memoir_n which_o be_v afterward_o lose_v if_o moses_n be_v the_o first_o that_o write_v of_o these_o matter_n and_o they_o be_v never_o consign_v in_o write_v before_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o he_o must_v either_o have_v they_o by_o a_o immediate_a revelation_n from_o god_n or_o else_o that_o they_o be_v communicate_v to_o he_o by_o man_n who_o preserve_v they_o in_o their_o memory_n for_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n for_o he_o to_o arrive_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o now_o he_o no_o where_n tell_v we_o they_o
history_n can_v not_o be_v have_v out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n for_o as_o that_o be_v not_o of_o itself_o obscure_a the_o chief_a matter_n relate_v to_o it_o be_v so_o frequent_o inculcate_v that_o by_o virtue_n of_o those_o repetition_n they_o be_v make_v plain_a enough_o beside_o we_o do_v not_o every_o where_o meet_a ambiguity_n and_o reason_n to_o doubt_v though_o it_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v but_o too_o many_o of_o they_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o nothing_o belong_v to_o the_o religion_n or_o history_n of_o the_o israelite_n in_o general_a have_v be_v call_v in_o question_n though_o infinite_a dispute_n have_v happen_v among_o the_o learned_a concern_v some_o particular_a circumstance_n and_o other_o abstruser_n matter_n which_o be_v never_o to_o be_v decide_v by_o any_o light_n of_o the_o understanding_n or_o any_o application_n of_o mind_n our_o commentary_n all_o along_o abound_v with_o such_o sort_n of_o question_n wherein_o we_o can_v pretend_v to_o state_n matter_n of_o fact_n but_o only_o deliver_v what_o we_o think_v ourselves_o and_o what_o other_o before_o we_o have_v conjecture_v for_o there_o be_v infinite_a place_n so_o unaccountable_o perplex_v that_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o demonstrate_v the_o impossibility_n of_o find_v out_o the_o genuine_a mean_v of_o they_o and_o every_o person_n that_o have_v but_o a_o competent_a knowledge_n of_o these_o matter_n will_v be_v soon_o sensible_a of_o this_o truth_n if_o he_o do_v but_o careful_o consider_v it_o for_o this_o reason_n those_o person_n that_o pretend_v to_o be_v influence_v by_o the_o truth_n and_o not_o by_o a_o party_n will_v not_o easy_o condemn_v another_o for_o his_o opinion_n provide_v it_o do_v not_o hurt_v the_o sum_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o book_n but_o this_o be_v not_o a_o place_n to_o talk_v of_o these_o matter_n in_o the_o three_o place_n this_o sufficient_o show_v that_o the_o hebrew_n language_n be_v never_o cultivate_v with_o any_o extraordinary_a care_n for_o as_o the_o culture_n of_o ground_n have_v this_o end_n to_o procure_v plenty_n of_o wholesome_a fruit_n for_o the_o tiller_n so_o be_v language_n for_o no_o other_o design_n cultivate_v but_o that_o man_n may_v have_v plenty_n or_o word_n to_o serve_v they_o upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o withal_o a_o perspicuity_n of_o oration_n without_o which_o the_o great_a plenty_n be_v useless_a for_o certain_o the_o end_n of_o speak_v be_v not_o to_o amuse_v or_o tire_v our_o hearer_n with_o multiplicity_n of_o word_n but_o that_o we_o may_v be_v understand_v and_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o speech_n to_o convey_v our_o thought_n into_o the_o mind_n of_o other_o now_o the_o hebrew_n not_o only_o neglect_v grammar_n and_o those_o other_o art_n and_o discipline_n that_o help_v to_o enrich_v a_o language_n in_o word_n but_o be_v utter_o unacquainted_a with_o rhetoric_n that_o serve_v to_o refine_v they_o upon_o this_o account_n they_o every_o where_n trample_v upon_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o rhetor_n even_o those_o that_o do_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o changeable_a will_n of_o man_n but_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o everlasting_a rule_n of_o reason_n and_o aught_o to_o have_v the_o same_o authority_n all_o the_o world_n over_o no_o body_n doubt_v but_o that_o clearness_n be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a happiness_n any_o tongue_n can_v boast_v of_o since_o innumerable_a mistake_v may_v arise_v from_o word_n not_o right_o understand_v which_o be_v not_o only_o troublesome_a in_o the_o common_a office_n of_o life_n but_o extreme_o dangerous_a in_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n but_o the_o hebrew_n as_o we_o find_v never_o take_v any_o great_a pain_n to_o render_v their_o language_n perspicuous_a if_o it_o be_v not_o it_o ought_v at_o least_o to_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o commendation_n among_o all_o people_n neither_o to_o use_v few_o word_n than_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v a_o man_n understand_v nor_o more_o than_o be_v requisite_a especial_o in_o a_o simple_a narration_n that_o so_o our_o hearer_n may_v full_o comprehend_v our_o meaning_n a_o narration_n say_v cicero_n who_o be_v not_o only_o a_o admirable_a orator_n but_o a_o great_a master_n of_o speak_v lib_n 1._o de_fw-fr inu._n cap._n 20._o ought_v to_o have_v three_o qualification_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v concise_a clear_a and_o probable_a we_o shall_v not_o meddle_v with_o the_o two_o last_o as_o have_v already_o treat_v of_o perspicuity_n and_o because_o a_o dispute_n about_o probability_n be_v impertinent_a here_o but_o let_v we_o see_v what_o he_o say_v of_o brevity_n it_o will_v be_v short_a say_v he_o if_o we_o begin_v no_o high_a than_o the_o present_a occasion_n demand_n and_o do_v not_o ramble_v into_o far-fetched_a story_n and_o if_o we_o relate_v a_o thing_n in_o general_n without_o mention_v every_o little_a particular_a for_o general_o speak_v it_o be_v enough_o to_o say_v such_o a_o thing_n be_v do_v without_o descend_v into_o the_o circumstance_n and_o if_o we_o proceed_v no_o far_o in_o the_o story_n than_o thing_n be_v worth_a know_v and_o if_o we_o do_v not_o make_v digression_n into_o foreign_a matter_n and_o if_o we_o so_o speak_v that_o from_o what_o be_v already_o say_v the_o reader_n may_v sometime_o guess_v at_o what_o be_v not_o say_v and_o if_o we_o not_o only_o omit_v whatever_o be_v destructive_a of_o perspicuity_n but_o also_o whatever_a neither_o hinder_v nor_o help_v it_o and_o if_o every_o thing_n be_v only_o tell_v once_o and_o if_o we_o do_v not_o begin_v with_o that_o where_o we_o leave_v off_o last_o though_o these_o rule_n be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n yet_o the_o jew_n neglect_v they_o as_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o a_o thousand_o instance_n if_o there_o be_v occasion_n for_o it_o which_o the_o attentive_a reader_n will_v easy_o discover_v in_o our_o annotation_n unless_o we_o carry_v this_o along_o with_o we_o while_o we_o strive_v to_o accommodate_v the_o hebrew_n history_n to_o the_o precept_n of_o rhetoric_n we_o spoil_v all_o and_o do_v not_o understand_v what_o they_o mean_v they_o be_v frequent_o defective_a in_o what_o be_v necessary_a and_o abound_v in_o superfluity_n both_o which_o unless_o they_o be_v supply_v or_o else_o be_v know_v to_o be_v redundant_fw-la it_o be_v impossible_a to_o understand_v they_o a_o emphasis_n be_v urge_v where_o there_o be_v none_o at_o all_o and_o when_o any_o thing_n be_v omit_v in_o a_o narration_n though_o it_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n rhetorical_a that_o they_o will_v tell_v you_o against_o all_o sense_n and_o reason_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v hence_o arise_v those_o angry_a war_n between_o the_o interpreter_n and_o bold_a decree_n pass_v concern_v the_o sense_n of_o some_o ambiguous_a place_n which_o it_o be_v a_o mortal_a sin_n to_o endeavour_v afterward_o to_o revoke_v hence_o proceed_v anger_n and_o hatred_n and_o all_o those_o mischief_n which_o theological_a quarrel_n usual_o draw_v after_o they_o there_o be_v another_o rule_n likewise_o which_o be_v frequent_o neglect_v in_o the_o narration_n of_o the_o hebrew_n and_o yet_o be_v not_o undeserved_o commend_v by_o the_o skilful_a in_o rhetoric_n as_o we_o have_v already_o see_v they_o not_o only_o advise_v we_o to_o make_v the_o narration_n as_o clear_a as_o we_o can_v but_o also_o methodical_a and_o open_a that_o what_o be_v first_o transact_v be_v first_o relate_v and_o the_o series_n of_o thing_n and_o time_n so_o preserve_v that_o matter_n be_v tell_v exact_o as_o they_o be_v do_v how_o religious_o the_o hebrew_n have_v follow_v this_o rule_n let_v only_o the_o book_n of_o genesis_n declare_v for_o they_o the_o good_a order_n of_o which_o history_n will_v raise_v a_o thousand_o insuperable_a difficulty_n if_o we_o do_v not_o remember_v that_o the_o jew_n be_v no_o slave_n to_o the_o regularity_n of_o time_n and_o action_n thus_o what_o be_v say_v concern_v the_o dispersion_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o the_o ten_o chapter_n aught_o to_o be_v place_v after_o the_o nine_o verse_n of_o the_o eleven_o chapter_n the_o three_o four_o five_o and_o eight_o verse_n of_o the_o eleven_o chapter_n be_v likewise_o inversion_n of_o the_o narration_n as_o also_o the_o 23d_o verse_n of_o the_o 24_o chapter_n see_v the_o note_n on_o chap._n 20.2_o chap._n 36.6_o chap._n 34.1_o and_o what_o we_o have_v remark_v in_o the_o chronological_a table_n on_o this_o place_n if_o from_o these_o observation_n that_o respect_v entire_a sentence_n and_o the_o due_a order_n of_o they_o we_o pass_v to_o single_a word_n and_o single_a locution_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o precept_n of_o rhetoric_n no_o less_o neglect_v there_o but_o at_o present_a we_o will_v only_o content_v ourselves_o to_o produce_v two_o or_o three_o instance_n of_o word_n use_v in_o a_o figurative_a sense_n and_o here_o as_o the_o rhetorician_n tell_v we_o all_o disparity_n be_v to_o be_v avoid_v because_o every_o metaphor_n be_v or_o aught_o
they_o understand_v very_o well_o but_o i_o have_v rather_o the_o reader_n shall_v be_v convince_v of_o this_o truth_n by_o the_o perusal_n of_o our_o work_n than_o by_o our_o own_o boast_v in_o our_o annotation_n we_o have_v only_o endeavour_v to_o open_v and_o illustrate_v that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o grammatical_a and_o by_o the_o schoolman_n the_o literal_a sense_n we_o have_v there_o lay_v down_o no_o theological_a or_o theoretical_a no_o moral_a or_o practical_a conclusion_n as_o well_o because_o it_o will_v have_v too_o much_o swell_v the_o bulk_n of_o the_o work_n as_o because_o after_o the_o grammatical_a sense_n be_v once_o full_o understand_v it_o be_v the_o easy_a matter_n in_o the_o world_n to_o find_v out_o the_o theoretical_a or_o practical_a doctrine_n especial_o to_o those_o that_o have_v read_v any_o system_n of_o divinity_n or_o morality_n we_o have_v also_o meddle_v with_o no_o theological_a controversy_n because_o it_o be_v not_o our_o intention_n to_o gratify_v this_o or_o that_o party_n but_o what_o all_o good_a christian_n ought_v to_o agree_v in_o the_o lover_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o of_o the_o truth_n as_o for_o those_o person_n that_o take_v a_o delight_n to_o know_v these_o squabble_n which_o it_o be_v better_o for_o the_o interest_n of_o mankind_n that_o they_o be_v extinguish_v they_o may_v have_v book_n and_o comment_n more_o than_o enough_o write_v mere_o to_o gratify_v a_o faction_n and_o these_o they_o may_v turn_v over_o at_o their_o leisure_n perhaps_o some_o people_n will_v censure_v i_o that_o i_o have_v not_o handle_v every_o thing_n more_o like_o a_o divine_a but_o let_v they_o know_v whoever_o they_o be_v that_o i_o purposely_o leave_v that_o province_n to_o be_v manage_v by_o their_o sublime_a wit_n we_o may_v indeed_o be_v just_o blame_v if_o we_o omit_v any_o thing_n we_o promise_v to_o perform_v but_o since_o it_o be_v never_o in_o our_o thought_n as_o we_o have_v solemn_o affirm_v to_o retail_v theological_a dogma_n it_o will_v be_v hard_a measure_n to_o condemn_v we_o for_o what_o we_o never_o promise_v nay_o they_o have_v our_o leave_n to_o despise_v these_o our_o performance_n in_o comparison_n of_o theological_n and_o abstruser_n contemplation_n we_o will_v not_o disow_v if_o they_o please_v that_o we_o do_v not_o penetrate_v into_o the_o obscure_a meaning_n of_o the_o holy_a writer_n that_o lurk_v under_o the_o cortex_fw-la grammaticus_fw-la let_v we_o be_v think_v to_o understand_v no_o more_o in_o the_o sacred_a book_n of_o the_o hebrew_n than_o the_o author_n be_v willing_a the_o people_n shall_v understand_v which_o antonius_n in_o cicero_n speak_v of_o the_o grecian_a learning_n frank_o own_v of_o himself_o if_o we_o have_v be_v able_a to_o attain_v but_o to_o this_o small_a pittance_n every_o where_o we_o shall_v mighty_o congratulate_v ourselves_o and_o other_o of_o vulgar_a understanding_n to_o who_o apprehension_n this_o be_v suit_v but_o as_o we_o have_v often_o occasion_n to_o doubt_n whether_o our_o conjecture_n be_v right_a and_o can_v not_o make_v out_o the_o meaning_n clear_a enough_o by_o the_o help_n of_o grammar_n and_o criticism_n alone_o or_o else_o several_a meaning_n of_o equal_a probability_n offer_v themselves_o the_o reader_n may_v observe_v that_o both_o in_o our_o paraphrase_n and_o commentary_n we_o use_v a_o doubtful_a and_o no_o dogmatical_a style_n and_o perhaps_o he_o will_v there_o discover_v frequenter_a reason_n for_o suspend_v his_o opinion_n than_o in_o most_o write_n of_o this_o nature_n but_o since_o every_o man_n believe_v and_o doubt_n for_o himself_o i_o must_v inform_v those_o learned_a gentleman_n that_o have_v a_o great_a insight_n in_o these_o matter_n that_o i_o write_v for_o myself_o and_o such_o as_o stand_v upon_o the_o same_o level_n and_o may_v they_o hug_v themselves_o with_o the_o sweet_a contemplation_n that_o they_o know_v more_o than_o their_o neighbour_n lest_o we_o shall_v betray_v any_o one_o into_o mistake_v we_o make_v a_o scruple_n to_o assert_v some_o thing_n positive_o when_o neither_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o other_o nor_o by_o our_o own_o endeavour_n we_o be_v able_a to_o fix_v any_o certain_a judgement_n however_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o people_n do_v not_o invent_v because_o they_o do_v not_o affirm_v as_o we_o vast_o disagree_v from_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o person_n who_o believe_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v make_v out_o in_o scripture_n with_o the_o help_n of_o grammar_n alone_o unless_o tradition_n come_v in_o for_o a_o share_n so_o we_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o it_o can_v explain_v and_o clear_v every_o thing_n we_o be_v sure_o we_o have_v find_v it_o so_o now_o where_o the_o matter_n be_v not_o evident_a beyond_o all_o possibility_n of_o dispute_n we_o have_v take_v care_n to_o restrain_v all_o rash_a determination_n which_o will_v be_v a_o unpardonable_a imposition_n on_o the_o world_n if_o we_o shall_v affirm_v thing_n false_a or_o thing_n unknown_a beside_o that_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o scandalous_a than_o to_o let_v our_o approbation_n run_v before_o our_o knowledge_n iii_o so_o much_o we_o think_v ourselves_o oblige_v to_o say_v concern_v our_o manner_n of_o interpret_n in_o general_a now_o we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o lay_v before_o our_o reader_n the_o difficulty_n that_o give_v we_o no_o little_a pain_n when_o we_o first_o begin_v to_o set_v pen_n to_o paper_n if_o we_o render_v word_n for_o word_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o version_n will_v become_v unserviceable_a to_o those_o that_o be_v unacquainted_a with_o hebrew_a for_o who_o use_n it_o be_v principal_o intend_v for_o it_o have_v be_v utter_o impossible_a for_o they_o to_o understand_v it_o unless_o they_o perpetual_o consult_v the_o comment_n where_o nevertheless_o many_o grammatical_a criticism_n of_o small_a importance_n be_v omit_v and_o frequent_o too_o those_o that_o be_v unskilful_a in_o hebraism_n will_v have_v wrest_v they_o in_o a_o wrong_a sense_n and_o now_o if_o to_o avoid_v these_o inconvenience_n we_o have_v follow_v a_o different_a conduct_n allow_v ourselves_o too_o great_a a_o latitude_n it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v lest_o in_o obscure_a place_n we_o may_v impose_v our_o own_o conjecture_n upon_o the_o reader_n instead_o of_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o sacred_a writer_n i_o know_v it_o will_v be_v reply_v to_o all_o this_o that_o a_o middle_a way_n be_v then_o to_o be_v observe_v whereby_o the_o translation_n shall_v neither_o be_v make_v so_o servile_a and_o close_a as_o to_o become_v obscure_a and_o mislead_v those_o that_o be_v only_o skilled_a in_o latin_a nor_o too_o lax_n or_o redundant_fw-la so_o as_o to_o show_v the_o interpreter_n rather_o than_o the_o writer_n himself_o but_o so_o severe_a a_o undertake_n be_v much_o hard_a to_o be_v well_o perform_v than_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o talk_v of_o it_o as_o we_o shall_v show_v by_o a_o few_o example_n it_o be_v a_o frequent_a hebraism_n and_o he_o lift_v up_o his_o eye_n and_o see_v et_fw-la sustulit_fw-la oculos_fw-la &_o vidit_fw-la see_v gen._n 13.10_o &_o 18.2_o &_o 22.4_o 13._o &_o 24.62_o &_o 31.10_o 12._o &_o 37.25_o &_o 39.7_o &_o 43.28_o this_o phrase_n with_o the_o hebrew_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o abovementioned_a place_n signify_v to_o look_v round_o about_o one_o to_o see_v thing_n at_o hand_n and_o remote_a and_o the_o like_a we_o frequent_o meet_v with_o it_o in_o the_o other_o book_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n in_o the_o same_o sense_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o room_n leave_v to_o doubt_n of_o its_o signification_n now_o the_o latin_n have_v the_o same_o phrase_n but_o then_o it_o be_v in_o a_o different_a meaning_n those_o that_o be_v afraid_a and_o ashamed_a we_o use_v to_o say_v dare_v not_o oculos_fw-la attollere_fw-la and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n those_o people_n tollunt_fw-la oculos_fw-la that_o be_v possess_v with_o no_o apprehension_n as_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o prove_v by_o several_a instance_n therefore_o this_o hebraism_n we_o see_v be_v not_o to_o be_v verbal_o translate_v there_o be_v a_o like_a expression_n chap._n 29.1_o et_fw-la sustulit_fw-la jacobus_n pedes_fw-la and_o jacob_n lift_v up_o his_o foot_n and_o go_v into_o the_o eastern_a country_n now_o who_o can_v make_v any_o thing_n of_o tollere_fw-la pedes_fw-la the_o latin_n indeed_o say_v efferre_fw-la infer_v far_o pedem_fw-la but_o in_o another_o sense_n the_o reader_n must_v be_v force_v to_o own_o that_o these_o hebraism_n be_v so_o to_o be_v render_v in_o the_o translation_n as_o to_o have_v latin_a phrase_n substitute_v in_o their_o room_n but_o there_o be_v other_o hebraism_n too_o no_o less_o frequent_a that_o afford_v we_o a_o just_a occasion_n of_o doubt_v the_o hebrew_n often_o use_v to_o subjoin_v a_o infinitive_n to_o any_o other_o mood_n or_o tense_n of_o the_o same_o verb_n as_o die_v thou_o shall_v die_v see_v i_o see_v and_o innumerable_a
pentateuch_n belong_v to_o moses_n we_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o ascribe_v those_o book_n to_o any_o one_o but_o he_o v._o it_o have_v be_v long_o controvert_v among_o learned_a man_n who_o it_o be_v that_o make_v these_o addition_n which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o moses_n and_o they_o have_v go_v upon_o various_a conjecture_n some_o will_v have_v he_o to_o be_v joshua_n other_o esdras_n and_o last_o other_o to_o be_v the_o under_o scribe_n among_o the_o hebrew_n but_o this_o be_v only_o guess_v for_o they_o bring_v no_o reason_n to_o enforce_v their_o opinion_n because_o joshua_n succeed_v moses_n therefore_o some_o people_n fancy_v it_o be_v he_o that_o insert_v those_o passage_n that_o seem_v to_o carry_v discovery_n of_o a_o late_a age._n again_o other_o ascribe_v this_o to_o esdras_n who_o be_v by_o the_o jew_n say_v to_o have_v regulate_v the_o sacred_a volume_n and_o by_o some_o to_o have_v make_v they_o up_o again_o out_o of_o his_o memory_n after_o they_o be_v certain_o lose_v but_o since_o these_o different_a hypothesis_n be_v support_v by_o no_o competent_a witness_n that_o be_v to_o say_v such_o as_o flourish_v in_o the_o same_o time_n or_o such_o as_o may_v have_v learn_v the_o truth_n out_o of_o the_o memoirs_fw-fr of_o their_o contemporary_n they_o may_v be_v as_o easy_o reject_v as_o they_o be_v bring_v upon_o the_o stage_n nor_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o author_n who_o live_v several_a age_n after_o and_o never_o cite_v any_o that_o be_v old_a than_o themselves_o and_o who_o do_v but_o transcribe_v one_o another_o of_o any_o weight_n esdras_n be_v only_o call_v a_o scribe_n and_o a_o ready_a scribe_n in_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n in_o those_o book_n that_o go_v under_o his_o name_n see_v chief_o the_o seven_o chapter_n of_o esdras_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o have_v give_v occasion_n to_o that_o fable_n of_o his_o restore_v the_o sacred_a book_n though_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d rather_o signify_v a_o learned_a man_n as_o we_o may_v easy_o demonstrate_v than_o one_o that_o be_v busy_v in_o transcribe_v of_o book_n several_a uncertain_a thing_n have_v be_v positive_o assert_v concern_v these_o under_o scribe_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v at_o a_o more_o proper_a place_n upon_o the_o follow_a book_n but_o this_o be_v the_o most_o uncertain_a of_o all_o viz._n that_o they_o insert_v the_o above_o mention_v addition_n into_o the_o moysaicall_a volume_n and_o therefore_o after_o a_o diligent_a examination_n of_o the_o matter_n we_o ingenuous_o own_o that_o here_o we_o do_v not_o know_v what_o to_o conclude_v perhaps_o one_o of_o those_o who_o be_v already_o suppose_v perhaps_o some_o one_o else_o and_o perhaps_o several_a hand_n have_v at_o several_a time_n insert_v these_o thing_n into_o moses_n therefore_o we_o can_v have_v no_o sure_a or_o safe_a sanctuary_n here_o than_o prudent_o to_o suspend_v our_o judgement_n by_o which_o conduct_n if_o we_o do_v not_o discover_v the_o truth_n yet_o at_o least_o it_o be_v not_o exclude_v from_o the_o mind_n vi_o if_o we_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v all_o the_o design_n that_o moses_n propose_v to_o himself_o in_o writing_n this_o will_v be_v of_o much_o great_a importance_n towards_o the_o better_a interpretation_n of_o his_o volume_n for_o these_o book_n be_v not_o like_o the_o work_n of_o mathematician_n where_o we_o find_v nothing_o but_o general_a proposition_n that_o have_v a_o relation_n neither_o to_o certain_a place_n nor_o time_n nor_o man_n and_o do_v not_o allude_v to_o any_o thing_n but_o the_o business_n in_o hand_n moses_n write_v for_o the_o benefit_n and_o instruction_n of_o a_o particular_a people_n call_v the_o jew_n though_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v that_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o divine_a providence_n his_o book_n be_v afterward_o serviceable_a to_o innumerable_a other_o nation_n upon_o this_o account_n he_o say_v abundance_n of_o thing_n mere_o for_o the_o use_n of_o that_o people_n which_o he_o have_v omit_v if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v influence_v by_o this_o consideration_n he_o likewise_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o opinion_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n which_o he_o assent_v to_o or_o reject_v according_a as_o they_o agree_v with_o reason_n and_o the_o truth_n we_o know_v indeed_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o that_o the_o general_a aim_n of_o his_o writing_n be_v to_o teach_v the_o israelite_n the_o worship_n of_o one_o god_n and_o to_o deliver_v they_o the_o law_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v from_o he_o but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o we_o particular_o know_v for_o what_o reason_n he_o follow_v one_o certain_a method_n in_o write_v more_o than_o another_o and_o what_o he_o chief_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o in_o that_o abridgement_n of_o the_o ancient_a history_n which_o he_o have_v leave_v behind_o he_o from_o hence_o perhaps_o we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o comprehend_v why_o he_o omit_v several_a transaction_n to_o give_v we_o a_o narration_n of_o some_o other_o event_n which_o be_v not_o as_o we_o imagine_v of_o so_o great_a importance_n why_o he_o use_v such_o and_o such_o word_n and_o expression_n why_o he_o mention_n some_o thing_n only_o en_fw-fr passant_a and_o treat_v of_o other_o in_o a_o more_o copious_a and_o frequent_a manner_n with_o other_o thing_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n which_o will_v give_v considerable_a light_n to_o many_o obscure_a place_n be_v it_o possible_a for_o any_o one_o so_o to_o secure_v his_o reader_n before_o they_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o perusal_n of_o moses_n that_o they_o shall_v find_v no_o rugged_a place_n or_o at_o least_o but_o few_o that_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v understand_v so_o universal_a a_o obligation_n can_v never_o be_v requite_v with_o thanks_o and_o commendation_n enough_o for_o example_n no_o one_o read_v the_o short_a prologomena_n which_o asconius_n pedianus_n have_v give_v we_o before_o some_o of_o cicero_n oration_n against_o verres_n but_o he_o will_v with_o all_o his_o heart_n be_v at_o any_o expense_n that_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o oration_n be_v recommend_v and_o illustrate_v by_o such_o preface_n for_o those_o preface_n or_o argument_n be_v no_o small_a help_n towards_o the_o understanding_n of_o tully_n and_o will_v be_v infinite_o more_o serviceable_a to_o the_o world_n if_o they_o be_v but_o long_o now_o since_o we_o be_v destitute_a of_o such_o assistance_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o shortness_n of_o moses_n history_n and_o the_o great_a scarcity_n of_o ancient_a oriental_a author_n and_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n supply_v the_o defect_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o such_o a_o design_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o must_v often_o be_v involve_v in_o the_o great_a difficulty_n and_o as_o i_o often_o consider_v of_o this_o matter_n when_o i_o have_v the_o moysaicall_a write_n in_o my_o hand_n so_o i_o be_v resolve_v to_o collect_v and_o gather_v out_o of_o moses_n himself_o whatever_o may_v be_v pertinent_o say_v upon_o this_o occasion_n i_o flatter_v myself_o that_o i_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o rigorous_o censure_v if_o i_o do_v not_o answer_v the_o reader_n be_v expectation_n as_o if_o i_o only_o raise_v his_o appetite_n and_o do_v not_o endeavour_v to_o satisfy_v he_o for_o this_o reason_n i_o make_v no_o scruple_n to_o set_v what_o follow_v before_o my_o commentary_n whatever_o the_o learned_a world_n may_v think_v of_o it_o vii_o that_o no_o body_n may_v mistake_v i_o or_o expect_v to_o find_v what_o i_o never_o promise_v i_o do_v not_o here_o inquire_v what_o be_v moses_n or_o rather_o god_n intention_n in_o deliver_v the_o law_n which_o we_o shall_v consider_v when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o particular_a law_n but_o what_o be_v moses_n chief_a and_o principal_a aim_n in_o write_v and_o publish_v the_o pentateuch_n such_o as_o we_o now_o have_v it_o all_o man_n as_o we_o observe_v before_o know_v well_o enough_o that_o moses_n chief_o write_v to_o teach_v the_o people_n of_o the_o jew_n that_o only_o one_o god_n be_v to_o be_v worship_v and_o after_o what_o manner_n that_o be_v to_o be_v do_v but_o we_o must_v more_o distinct_o show_v what_o method_n he_o take_v to_o reach_v that_o mark_n if_o i_o may_v be_v allow_v so_o to_o express_v myself_o and_o what_o other_o end_n he_o may_v possible_o have_v 1._o we_o must_v chief_o and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n remember_v that_o it_o never_o be_v in_o moses_n thought_n to_o write_v the_o annal_n of_o all_o mankind_n down_o to_o his_o own_o time_n but_o only_o to_o select_v those_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o history_n of_o former_a age_n which_o agree_v with_o his_o general_a design_n before_o mention_v or_o some_o other_o particular_a by_o end_n hence_o we_o find_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v short_a than_o his_o history_n be_v from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n to_o abraham_n since_o
the_o purpose_n than_o now_o he_o do_v for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n he_o describe_v the_o serpent_n to_o have_v be_v the_o most_o subtle_a of_o all_o creature_n next_o that_o he_o employ_v his_o subtlety_n in_o deceive_v our_o first_o parent_n and_o hold_v a_o dialogue_n with_o she_o as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v a_o master_n of_o reason_v last_o that_o his_o creep_v upon_o his_o belly_n be_v impose_v upon_o he_o as_o a_o punishment_n josephus_n himself_o can_v not_o have_v more_o full_o explain_v his_o sentiment_n than_o moses_n have_v do_v ii_o but_o other_o person_n who_o be_v jew_n likewise_o not_o be_v able_a to_o digest_v so_o many_o unpalatable_a thing_n as_o speech_n and_o reason_n attribute_v to_o a_o brute_n and_o the_o serpent_n lose_v his_o foot_n although_o moses_n seem_v to_o express_v as_o much_o in_o the_o plain_a manner_n imaginable_a yet_o rather_o than_o understand_v he_o so_o they_o choose_v to_o commit_v violence_n upon_o his_o word_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o allegory_n philo_z indeed_o in_o his_o treatise_n de_fw-fr mundi_fw-la opificio_fw-la and_o elsewhere_o deny_v that_o these_o be_v fable_n and_o fiction_n wherein_o the_o poet_n and_o sophister_n take_v so_o great_a a_o delight_n nevertheless_o he_o own_v they_o to_o be_v figurative_a document_n that_o be_v to_o be_v explain_v allegorical_o in_o order_n to_o find_v out_o the_o bid_a meaning_n of_o they_o and_o last_o affirm_v that_o it_o may_v be_v right_o conjecture_v that_o the_o serpent_n be_v a_o symbol_n of_o pleasure_n which_o argument_n he_o handle_v more_o copious_o afterward_o maimonides_n also_o part_v 2._o mor._n nev._n c._n 29._o suppose_n that_o these_o passage_n be_v to_o be_v expound_v by_o way_n of_o allegory_n and_o some_o of_o the_o late_a rabbin_n declare_v themselves_o to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n iii_o but_o other_o that_o have_v a_o just_a indignation_n to_o this_o libertine_n way_n of_o interpret_n the_o scripture_n which_o whole_o depend_v upon_o the_o fancy_n of_o the_o interpreter_n and_o yet_o not_o able_a with_o josephus_n to_o follow_v the_o literal_a sense_n have_v fall_v into_o different_a sentiment_n none_o of_o which_o labour_v with_o few_o inconvenience_n than_o the_o two_o above-cited_n opinion_n some_o divine_n of_o no_o mean_a rank_n in_o the_o learned_a world_n maintain_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o serpent_n proper_o so_o call_v which_o appear_v but_o that_o the_o devil_n be_v signify_v by_o that_o name_n that_o therefore_o the_o devil_n be_v call_v the_o old_a serpent_n by_o the_o hebrew_n and_o be_v thus_o describe_v by_o st._n john_n in_o the_o revelation_n 12.9_o the_o great_a dragon_n the_o old_a serpent_n call_v the_o devil_n and_o satan_n who_o seduce_v all_o the_o earth_n see_v likewise_o rev._n 20.2_o for_o this_o reason_n the_o devil_n be_v call_v by_o our_o bless_a saviour_n a_o murderer_n from_o the_o beginning_n and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o wisdom_n 2.24_o tell_v we_o that_o death_n enter_v into_o the_o world_n by_o the_o envy_n of_o the_o devil_n see_v also_o 2_o cor._n 11.3_o where_o the_o serpent_n be_v say_v to_o have_v deceive_v the_o woman_n by_o his_o subtlety_n but_o this_o hypothesis_n be_v easy_o refute_v for_o neither_o can_v the_o devil_n be_v call_v the_o most_o subtle_a beast_n of_o the_o field_n but_o in_o a_o figurative_a sense_n neither_o will_v the_o punishment_n inflict_v upon_o the_o serpent_n suffer_v we_o to_o doubt_v that_o a_o serpent_n body_n at_o least_o appear_v here_o to_o remove_v these_o difficulty_n some_o conjecture_n that_o the_o devil_n do_v not_o put_v on_o a_o real_a serpent_n but_o only_o form_v the_o exterior_a appearance_n of_o one_o but_o the_o abovementioned_a objection_n be_v as_o direct_o level_v against_o this_o opinion_n as_o the_o former_a iv_o for_o this_o reason_n several_a person_n have_v believe_v that_o the_o devil_n use_v the_o serpent_n body_n as_o a_o organ_n to_o act_v his_o imposture_n by_o and_o that_o god_n to_o show_v his_o utter_a aversion_n and_o hatred_n of_o sin_n punish_v the_o very_a organ_n by_o which_o this_o seduction_n be_v effect_v but_o if_o it_o be_v so_o what_o occasion_n be_v there_o to_o say_v that_o the_o serpent_n be_v the_o most_o subtle_a beast_n of_o the_o field_n for_o the_o devil_n may_v have_v abuse_v the_o most_o stupid_a creature_n in_o the_o world_n to_o this_o purpose_n with_o as_o much_o success_n for_o he_o do_v not_o employ_v the_o serpent_n craft_n but_o his_o own_o to_o deceive_v eve_n v._o but_o other_o observe_v these_o and_o the_o like_a difficulty_n in_o all_o these_o opinion_n come_v at_o last_o to_o this_o point_n as_o to_o own_o that_o all_o we_o can_v apparent_o gather_v from_o this_o aenigma_fw-la be_v that_o the_o first_o parent_n of_o mankind_n begin_v to_o sin_n from_o whence_o a_o series_n of_o innumerable_a evil_n be_v derive_v to_o they_o and_o their_o posterity_n it_o be_v indeed_o certain_a that_o now_o and_o heretofore_o mankind_n have_v be_v in_o a_o state_n of_o great_a corruption_n nor_o can_v the_o beginning_n of_o this_o infection_n be_v carry_v low_a than_o the_o original_a of_o the_o world_n but_o then_o after_o what_o manner_n sin_n enter_v into_o the_o world_n so_o that_o we_o may_v understand_v plain_o and_o without_o the_o least_o reason_n of_o doubt_v all_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o first_o sin_n none_o but_o those_o can_v signify_v to_o we_o who_o be_v present_a at_o the_o matter_n if_o by_o any_o mean_n they_o can_v be_v revive_v again_o vi_o last_o other_o find_v in_o this_o history_n frequent_a mention_n make_v of_o discourse_n where_o none_o at_o all_o seem_v to_o have_v pass_v imagine_v that_o the_o serpent_n do_v not_o speak_v but_o that_o eve_n see_v he_o eat_v the_o forbid_v fruit_n and_o be_v seduce_v by_o his_o example_n to_o eat_v of_o it_o herself_o especial_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o this_o prohibit_v fruit_n by_o its_o beauty_n and_o perhaps_o by_o the_o specious_a name_n of_o knowledge_n may_v help_v to_o induce_v she_o as_o she_o be_v gaze_v on_o it_o indeed_o the_o serpent_n punishment_n below_o v._o 14._o thou_o shall_v lick_v the_o dust_n all_o the_o day_n of_o thy_o life_n seem_v to_o intimate_v that_o the_o serpent_n have_v deceive_v eve_n by_o eat_v of_o the_o fruit_n and_o because_o he_o have_v occasion_v her_o ruin_n by_o eat_v of_o fruit_n from_o a_o high_a tree_n therefore_o he_o be_v condemn_v to_o lick_v the_o juice_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o favourer_n of_o this_o opinion_n do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o some_o evil_a spirit_n may_v act_v his_o part_n in_o this_o tragedy_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o jew_n not_o right_o comprehend_v the_o meaning_n of_o this_o place_n may_v in_o after-age_n call_v he_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o serpent_n but_o as_o the_o sacred_a historian_n introduce_v the_o serpent_n speak_v who_o have_v no_o speech_n at_o all_o according_a to_o the_o genius_n of_o his_o narration_n as_o be_v plain_a from_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n where_o he_o frequent_o represent_v god_n almighty_a speak_v to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o creation_n so_o likewise_o because_o he_o be_v to_o give_v he_o his_o share_n in_o a_o dialogue_n by_o who_o example_n our_o first_o parent_n be_v deceive_v he_o therefore_o attribute_n subtlety_n to_o he_o which_o however_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o belong_v to_o a_o beast_n no_o more_o than_o the_o faculty_n of_o speak_v do_v for_o this_o reason_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v use_v both_o speech_n and_o craftiness_n because_o as_o the_o maintainer_n of_o this_o opinion_n allege_v he_o as_o effectual_o ruin_v our_o first_o parent_n as_o if_o he_o have_v seduce_v they_o by_o a_o crafty_a artificial_a harangue_n and_o therefore_o both_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o serpent_n and_o his_o conversation_n with_o eve_n be_v consider_v by_o they_o not_o as_o circumstance_n that_o can_v be_v urge_v but_o as_o some_o oriental_a ornament_n of_o the_o history_n this_o be_v in_o part_n the_o opinion_n of_o isaac_n abarbinel_n who_o deny_v that_o the_o serpent_n can_v maintain_v any_o discourse_n with_o eve_n and_o assert_n that_o nothing_o more_o be_v mean_v by_o this_o colloquy_n but_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o woman_n from_o what_o she_o gather_v from_o the_o serpent_n action_n and_o his_o eat_n of_o that_o tree_n he_o pretend_v that_o she_o infer_v from_o the_o serpent_n example_n that_o the_o forbid_v fruit_n be_v wholesome_a and_o nutritive_a which_o opinion_n do_v not_o well_o agree_v with_o the_o word_n you_o shall_v be_v like_a god_n the_o meaning_n of_o which_o can_v never_o be_v deduce_v from_o this_o single_a action_n of_o the_o serpent_n in_o so_o perplex_v and_o obscure_a a_o matter_n as_o this_o be_v it_o be_v the_o safe_a way_n as_o i_o imagine_v open_o to_o confess_v our_o ignorance_n provide_v
perfect_a translation_n such_o as_o we_o have_v conceive_v a_o idea_n of_o in_o our_o mind_n but_o if_o we_o can_v not_o reach_v that_o height_n we_o must_v be_v content_a to_o come_v as_o near_o it_o as_o possible_o we_o can_v therefore_o we_o propose_v to_o ourselves_o constant_o to_o follow_v a_o middle_a way_n that_o be_v neither_o to_o render_v those_o place_n that_o be_v obvious_a enough_o in_o the_o original_a obscure_a with_o the_o hebraism_n nor_o out_o of_o too_o nice_a a_o affection_n of_o writing_n latin_n to_o indulge_v ourselves_o in_o too_o bold_a a_o version_n but_o this_o you_o will_v say_v a_o thousand_o people_n have_v threaten_v to_o do_v many_o year_n before_o you_o be_v bear_v and_o yet_o we_o do_v not_o rest_v satisfy_v with_o their_o performance_n do_v you_o think_v then_o that_o you_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o answer_v our_o expectation_n no_o i_o be_o not_o so_o blind_v with_o self-love_n as_o to_o imagine_v any_o such_o thing_n but_o since_o the_o condition_n of_o humane_a affair_n be_v such_o that_o nothing_o be_v perfect_a in_o all_o respect_n and_o nothing_o please_v all_o alike_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o i_o do_v not_o incur_v the_o displeasure_n of_o all_o and_o if_o my_o attempt_n do_v not_o lagg_z behind_o the_o endeavour_n of_o other_o cicero_n former_o translate_v the_o noble_a oration_n of_o two_o of_o the_o most_o eloquent_a man_n that_o athens_n ever_o breed_v aeschines_n and_o demosthenes_n one_o against_o another_o neither_o do_v he_o literal_o translate_v they_o like_o a_o interpreter_n as_o he_o tell_v we_o himself_o for_o the_o translation_n be_v not_o extant_a but_o like_o a_o orator_n give_v they_o all_o the_o spirit_n and_o life_n and_o beautiful_a turn_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n as_o this_o be_v impracticable_a in_o a_o literal_a version_n he_o have_v a_o great_a respect_n to_o the_o sense_n than_o the_o expression_n for_o he_o do_v not_o think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o tell_v over_o all_o his_o author_n word_n to_o the_o reader_n but_o to_o give_v he_o they_o in_o weight_n now_o since_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v do_v in_o too_o strict_a a_o translation_n of_o the_o holy_a book_n we_o endeavour_v to_o reach_v it_o in_o a_o loose_a paraphrase_n that_o so_o those_o person_n that_o be_v not_o delight_v with_o the_o barbarousness_n of_o a_o translation_n or_o do_v not_o understand_v hebraism_n may_v have_v somewhat_o to_o read_v and_o understand_v but_o perhaps_o we_o have_v depart_v far_o from_o our_o original_a than_o cicero_n do_v from_o he_o because_o the_o hebrew_n language_n differ_v more_o from_o the_o latin_a than_o the_o athenian_a way_n of_o write_v do_v from_o the_o roman_a it_o be_v true_a in_o our_o version_n we_o have_v follow_v the_o hebrew_n close_o than_o the_o purity_n of_o the_o latin_a will_v allow_v we_o but_o since_o it_o can_v not_o be_v avoid_v we_o hope_v we_o shall_v make_v our_o reader_n some_o amends_o by_o our_o paraphrase_n therefore_o though_o it_o be_v the_o confess_a genius_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n to_o love_v perspicuity_n more_o than_o the_o hebrew_n do_v nay_o on_o the_o contrary_a endeavour_n to_o avoid_v all_o obscurity_n as_o much_o as_o it_o can_v we_o acknowledge_v our_o translation_n to_o be_v somewhat_o obscure_a but_o as_o we_o be_v use_v to_o commend_v picture_n not_o for_o show_v we_o a_o handsome_a face_n but_o for_o represent_v nature_n to_o the_o life_n so_o a_o translation_n where_o the_o language_n of_o the_o original_a be_v clear_a aught_o to_o be_v clear_a and_o where_o it_o be_v obscure_a aught_o to_o be_v obscure_a now_o we_o mean_v here_o by_o obscure_a not_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v obscure_a to_o the_o ignorant_a in_o hebrew_a for_o then_o most_o of_o the_o scripture_n expression_n will_v be_v obscure_a but_o those_o that_o be_v not_o sufficient_o understand_v even_o by_o such_o as_o be_v tolerable_o verse_v in_o that_o language_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n by_o the_o word_n clear_a we_o do_v not_o only_o mean_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v obvious_a to_o all_o understanding_n not_o exclude_v those_o of_o the_o dull_a sort_n but_o which_o give_v no_o manner_n of_o difficulty_n to_o the_o skilful_a in_o that_o language_n or_o may_v be_v so_o expound_v as_o to_o leave_v no_o doubt_n at_o all_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o learned_a v._o now_o that_o we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o observe_v this_o method_n through_o the_o whole_a work_n we_o lay_v it_o down_o for_o a_o unalterable_a law_n in_o translate_n the_o hebraism_n which_o so_o often_o occur_v 1._o that_o all_o the_o clear_a hebraism_n which_o will_v bear_v a_o translation_n shall_v be_v translate_v 2._o if_o any_o of_o they_o can_v not_o well_o be_v render_v into_o latin_a yet_o if_o our_o ear_n be_v accustom_a to_o they_o they_o shall_v be_v literal_o translate_v 3._o that_o all_o obscure_a hebraism_n shall_v be_v retain_v which_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o illustrate_v by_o a_o few_o example_n nothing_o be_v more_o common_a in_o scripture_n than_o speech_n and_o dialogism_n that_o be_v usher_v in_o by_o the_o verb_n vaijomer_n &_o dixit_fw-la or_o the_o gerund_n lemor_n dicendo_fw-la now_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o former_a may_v be_v full_o and_o pertinent_o express_v by_o the_o latin_a word_n inquit_fw-la the_o latter_a by_o his_o verbis_fw-la and_o yet_o the_o interpreter_n have_v general_o forbear_v to_o use_v they_o as_o if_o this_o forsooth_o have_v be_v too_o great_a a_o liberty_n to_o take_v now_o this_o run_v through_o all_o the_o bible_n so_o that_o you_o may_v find_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o sentence_n with_o these_o word_n &_o dixit_fw-la and_o he_o say_v so_o in_o genesis_n 3.1_o and_o he_o say_v to_o the_o woman_n yea_o have_v etc._n etc._n 2_o and_o the_o woman_n say_v unto_o the_o serpent_n we_o may_v eat_v etc._n etc._n 4._o and_o the_o serpent_n say_v unto_o the_o woman_n etc._n etc._n 9_o and_o he_o say_v unto_o he_o where_o be_v thou_o 10._o and_o he_o say_v i_o hear_v thy_o voice_n etc._n etc._n 11._o and_o he_o say_v who_o tell_v thou_o etc._n etc._n 12._o and_o the_o man_n say_v the_o woman_n etc._n etc._n 13._o and_o the_o lord_n god_n say_v unto_o the_o woman_n etc._n etc._n 14._o and_o the_o lord_n god_n say_v unto_o the_o serpent_n etc._n etc._n 16._o to_o the_o woman_n he_o say_v etc._n etc._n 17._o and_o unto_o adam_n he_o say_v but_o why_o we_o shall_v servile_o be_v confine_v to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o hebrew_n word_n as_o if_o there_o be_v something_o extraordinary_a in_o they_o we_o see_v no_o reason_n and_o the_o compare_v of_o our_o version_n with_o the_o rest_n will_v show_v which_o of_o we_o have_v express_v himself_o most_o agreeable_o to_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n so_o chap._n 8.15_o and_o god_n speak_v unto_o noah_n say_v et_fw-la locutus_fw-la esi_fw-la jehova_n ad_fw-la noach_n dicendo_fw-la or_o dicens_fw-la be_v indeed_o exact_o conformable_a to_o the_o hebrew_n word_n but_o do_v not_o express_v the_o meaning_n any_o better_a than_o allocutus_fw-la est_fw-la noachum_fw-la deus_fw-la his_fw-la verbis_fw-la it_o be_v certain_a that_o many_o of_o the_o interpreter_n by_o their_o obscure_a diligence_n have_v make_v their_o translation_n so_o insupportable_a that_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v read_v without_o contempt_n but_o let_v not_o the_o reader_n imagine_v that_o this_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o over_o great_a care_n they_o take_v to_o render_v even_o the_o least_o particle_n of_o scripture_n as_o far_o as_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o if_o this_o scruple_n have_v possess_v they_o they_o have_v never_o translate_v the_o obscure_a place_n with_o so_o much_o boldness_n as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o invidious_a labour_n we_o can_v easy_o show_v it_o be_v a_o common_a hebraism_n to_o call_v one_o name_n vocare_fw-la nomen_fw-la alicujus_fw-la instead_o of_o nomen_fw-la imponere_fw-la to_o give_v one_o the_o name_n of_o as_o in_o chap._n 5.29_o and_o it_o be_v often_o in_o the_o book_n of_o genesis_n alone_o and_o she_o call_v his_o name_n noah_n et_fw-la vocavit_fw-la nomen_fw-la ejus_fw-la noach_n that_o be_v ei_o noacho_fw-la nomen_fw-la indidit_fw-la noachum_fw-la cum_fw-la nomine_fw-la appellavit_fw-la there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n to_o doubt_v but_o it_o be_v so_o and_o yet_o after_o the_o vulgar_a interpreter_n example_n several_a since_o have_v translate_v it_o vocavit_fw-la nomen_fw-la ejus_fw-la noah_n which_o be_v obscure_a and_o barbarous_a when_o the_o hebrew_n phrase_n be_v plain_a enough_o we_o frequent_o meet_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o narration_n et_fw-la fuit_fw-la and_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o the_o hebrew_n as_o chap._n 6.1_o et_fw-la fuit_fw-la cum_fw-la caepit_fw-la homo_fw-la multiplicari_fw-la and_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v when_o man_n begin_v to_o multiply_v etc._n etc._n which_o be_v the_o same_o in_o
the_o compare_v of_o place_n for_o when_o any_o word_n wherever_o we_o find_v it_o have_v one_o certain_a limit_a signification_n that_o suit_v it_o best_o we_o can_v forbear_v but_o we_o must_v think_v it_o true_a and_o this_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o modern_a interpreter_n who_o be_v furnish_v with_o lexicon_n and_o concordance_n with_o much_o great_a success_n than_o the_o ancient_n can_v pretend_v to_o who_o be_v destitute_a of_o these_o help_n nevertheless_o they_o have_v not_o go_v so_o far_o as_o to_o leave_v no_o discovery_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o diligence_n of_o posterity_n for_o it_o often_o happen_v while_o they_o dissent_v from_o those_o of_o former_a time_n because_o they_o do_v not_o comprehend_v the_o reason_n they_o go_v upon_o and_o while_o they_o indulge_v themselves_o too_o much_o in_o their_o own_o conjecture_n which_o be_v whole_o support_v by_o obscure_a or_o ambiguous_a place_n that_o they_o fail_v of_o attain_v the_o true_a signification_n of_o several_a word_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o find_v out_o a_o signification_n for_o a_o word_n which_o perhaps_o be_v not_o amiss_o for_o a_o translator_n be_v oblige_v to_o give_v the_o author_n true_a meaning_n and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o consult_v the_o usus_fw-la loquendi_fw-la which_o for_o the_o great_a part_n be_v best_a find_v out_o of_o the_o old_a interpreter_n and_o language_n but_o what_o we_o endeavour_v to_o perform_v throughout_o the_o whole_a work_n will_v best_o appear_v by_o read_v it_o and_o how_o troublesome_a a_o employment_n this_o collation_n of_o place_n be_v those_o person_n will_v soon_o understand_v that_o be_v please_v to_o make_v the_o experiment_n xii_o the_o original_a of_o word_n where_o it_o can_v certain_o be_v know_v do_v often_o direct_v we_o to_o their_o true_a signification_n and_o therefore_o the_o interpreter_n have_v spare_v no_o pain_n to_o find_v out_o the_o etymology_n of_o obscure_a word_n for_o example_n we_o have_v show_v what_o the_o word_n flail_n word_n pharaoh_n be_v not_o a_o proper_a name_n but_o a_o common_a title_n to_o all_o the_o egyptian_a king_n till_o the_o time_n of_o ezekiel_n '_o o_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v josephus_n l._n 8._o c._n 2._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d our_o author_n derive_v it_o from_o a_o arabic_a word_n still_o in_o use_n pharaha_o summum_fw-la tenuit_fw-la and_o pharahon_n not_o only_o signify_v the_o top_n of_o any_o thing_n but_o the_o prince_n of_o a_o family_n hhartumim_n which_o we_o have_v render_v magician_n he_o deduce_v from_o the_o syriack_n and_o chaldee_n root_n hhor_n or_o hhavar_fw-mi vidit_fw-la and_o toum_n claudere_fw-la clausa_fw-la enim_fw-la &_o ignota_fw-la aliis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la videre_fw-la seu_fw-la scire_fw-la existimabantur_fw-la magi_n for_o which_o reason_n aquila_n translate_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d occultatores_fw-la as_o for_o the_o word_n tsenoumoth_n which_o our_o english_a bibles_n have_v render_v wither_v m._n le_fw-fr clerk_n have_v translate_v it_o trita_fw-la that_o be_v thrash_v tsunma_fw-la in_o chaldee_n signify_v a_o hard_a stone_n so_o tsenoumoth_n may_v signify_v ear_n of_o corn_n that_o be_v thrash_v by_o a_o staff_n sharpen_v upon_o stone_n isaiah_n 28.27_o make_v mention_n of_o such_o a_o staff_n and_o thevenot_n part_v 2._o lib._n 1._o c._n 5._o tell_v we_o that_o in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o east_n they_o beat_v out_o the_o grain_n with_o such_o a_o flail_n pharaoh_n signify_v by_o find_v its_o root_n in_o the_o arabic_a chap._n 12.15_o who_o be_v call_v m_o hhartumim_v gen._n 41.8_o we_o have_v discover_v by_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n it_o be_v compound_v of_o we_o have_v likewise_o discover_v what_o be_v those_o m_o ear_n which_o be_v call_v tsenoumoth_a in_o the_o same_o chapter_n which_o be_v show_v by_o no_o one_o as_o we_o know_v of_o before_o bochart_n have_v borrow_a a_o great_a many_o thing_n out_o of_o the_o same_o fountain_n which_o he_o have_v happy_o make_v use_n of_o in_o trace_v out_o the_o nation_n that_o be_v call_v by_o their_o ancient_a name_n in_o the_o ten_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n to_o which_o we_o have_v add_v a_o few_o of_o our_o own_o as_o well_o to_o confirm_v some_o of_o he_o by_o new_a argument_n as_o to_o confute_v other_o see_v what_o we_o have_v write_v concern_v the_o name_n of_o the_o tibarenes_n v._o 2._o of_o the_o riphui_fw-la and_o thogarma_n v._o 3._o of_o tharsi_n and_o rest_n and_o by_o this_o name_n bochart_n suppose_v italy_n to_o be_v mean_v but_o our_o author_n conclude_v it_o to_o be_v macedonia_n 1._o because_o alexander_n be_v say_v 1_o macc._n 1.1_o to_o have_v come_v out_o of_o the_o land_n of_o chettiim_n and_o perses_n the_o last_o king_n of_o macedon_n be_v in_o the_o same_o book_n c._n 8.5_o call_v the_o king_n of_o the_o chittim_n 2._o because_o the_o old_a name_n of_o macedon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o we_o find_v it_o in_o stephanus_n hesychius_n and_o other_o allude_v to_o the_o word_n chittim_n we_o have_v not_o room_n to_o insert_v the_o rest_n chittim_n v._o 4._o of_o the_o numidoe_n and_o mauri_n v._o 6._o of_o the_o chasluchoean_n and_o caphthoroean_n v._o 14._o but_o here_o also_o especial_a care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o we_o be_v not_o deceive_v by_o the_o affinity_n of_o word_n to_o prevent_v which_o it_o must_v be_v support_v by_o historical_a authority_n as_o bochart_n have_v do_v and_o we_o have_v often_o endeavour_v to_o do_v the_o same_o see_v for_o example_n our_o observation_n upon_o the_o name_n steph_n name_n bochart_n lib._n 2._o c._n 14._o phal_a think_v it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o haran_n abraham_n brother_n which_o be_v scarce_o credible_a since_o beside_o the_o difference_n in_o write_v we_o be_v tell_v v._n 28._o that_o haran_n die_v at_o ur_fw-la of_o the_o chaldaean_n and_o we_o be_v not_o where_o inform_v that_o he_o be_v ever_o here_o now_o how_o be_v it_o probable_a that_o this_o city_n shall_v take_v its_o name_n from_o a_o stranger_n who_o perhaps_o never_o see_v it_o in_o his_o life_n and_o who_o father_n do_v not_o build_v it_o our_o author_n with_o more_o reason_n derive_v it_o from_o hharar_fw-la exustus_fw-la adustus_fw-la fuit_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a desert_n that_o lay_v round_o it_o burn_v up_o with_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o such_o a_o description_n plutarch_n give_v we_o of_o it_o in_o his_o life_n of_o m._n crassus_n so_o do_v it_o appian_n the_o historian_n in_o parthicis_fw-la p._n 141._o ed._n steph_n charroe_n upon_o gen._n 11.31_o we_o must_v likewise_o take_v heed_n not_o to_o deduce_v all_o our_o reason_n from_o the_o bare_a etymology_n as_o the_o rabbin_n often_o do_v who_o have_v history_n ready_a at_o hand_n that_o be_v build_v upon_o they_o oftentimes_o word_n have_v so_o strange_o deviate_v from_o their_o primitive_a signification_n into_o another_o that_o those_o who_o use_v they_o do_v not_o at_o all_o think_v of_o their_o original_a the_o two_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v famous_a instance_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o as_o we_o can_v show_v if_o we_o be_v now_o treat_v of_o the_o greek_a tongue_n xiii_o furnish_v with_o these_o help_v especial_o not_o to_o mention_v any_o more_o we_o begin_v our_o translation_n and_o commentary_n upon_o the_o old_a testament_n it_o be_v true_a several_a learned_a man_n have_v go_v the_o same_o way_n before_o we_o especial_o in_o the_o last_o age_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o this_o who_o deserve_v great_a commendation_n for_o their_o performance_n but_o if_o we_o may_v be_v allow_v to_o speak_v the_o truth_n though_o they_o neither_o want_v ability_n nor_o diligence_n yet_o two_o thing_n stand_v in_o their_o way_n which_o hinder_v they_o from_o give_v any_o last_a satisfaction_n to_o those_o that_o come_v after_o they_o the_o first_o be_v the_o want_n of_o due_a help_n which_o we_o now_o enjoy_v for_o we_o may_v just_o say_v of_o the_o writer_n of_o this_o age_n that_o they_o have_v take_v more_o pain_n in_o illustrate_v and_o cultivate_v the_o sacred_a philology_n than_o be_v do_v in_o two_o thousand_o year_n before_o hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o we_o have_v such_o vast_a number_n of_o excellent_a work_n to_o assist_v we_o to_o understand_v the_o holy_a volume_n the_o truth_n of_o this_o sufficient_o appear_v by_o the_o polyglot_n bibles_n the_o lexicon_n and_o treatise_n of_o all_o sort_n that_o adorn_v our_o library_n which_o before_o have_v no_o such_o treasure_n in_o they_o and_o the_o read_n of_o our_o work_n wherein_o they_o be_v so_o often_o commend_v will_v undeniable_o evince_v it_o the_o other_o be_v the_o general_a bend_v of_o the_o last_o age_n rather_o towards_o theological_n than_o grammatical_a learning_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o
history_n matter_n be_v thus_o no_o one_o will_v doubt_v that_o the_o law_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o exodus_fw-la leviticus_n number_n and_o deuteronomy_n be_v the_o very_a same_o that_o be_v write_v by_o moses_n '_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o law_n which_o be_v write_v in_o moses_n time_n be_v still_o extant_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o josiah_n as_o it_o appear_v from_o 2_o king_n 22._o nor_o can_v any_o tolerable_a reason_n be_v assign_v why_o they_o be_v not_o incorporate_v at_o least_o into_o the_o book_n of_o the_o pentateuch_n therefore_o whatever_o law_n we_o find_v in_o the_o pentateuch_n we_o ought_v to_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o write_v by_o moses_n himself_o and_o consequent_o the_o great_a part_n by_o much_o of_o the_o pentateuch_n come_v from_o the_o same_o hand_n nay_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o several_a other_o thing_n be_v write_v by_o he_o second_o moses_n be_v say_v deut._n 31.22_o to_o have_v write_v the_o song_n which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n and_o since_o that_o be_v set_v down_o word_n for_o word_n as_o he_o make_v it_o we_o can_v deny_v that_o the_o rest_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o law_n be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o moses_n without_o oppose_v the_o plain_a truth_n imaginable_a three_o he_o be_v in_o express_a term_n say_v to_o have_v write_v some_o part_n of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o hebrew_n for_o he_o transmit_v in_o write_v the_o war_n against_o the_o amalekite_n and_o god_n sentence_n pronounce_v against_o they_o exod._n 17.14_o after_o the_o like_a manner_n he_o write_v the_o several_a mansion_n of_o the_o israelite_n in_o the_o wilderness_n numb_a 33.2_o moses_n write_v their_o go_n out_o according_a to_o their_o journey_n by_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o yet_o that_o part_n of_o their_o history_n which_o we_o find_v in_o that_o chapter_n of_o number_n be_v not_o of_o so_o great_a a_o consequence_n as_o to_o be_v write_v before_o the_o rest_n from_o whence_o it_o natural_o follow_v that_o the_o four_o last_o book_n of_o the_o pentateuch_n at_o least_o be_v write_v by_o moses_n for_o if_o he_o write_v all_o the_o law_n and_o the_o whole_a history_n of_o israel_n he_o be_v certain_o the_o author_n of_o these_o book_n wherein_o nothing_o else_o be_v contain_v for_o who_o after_o moses_n have_v once_o write_v will_v attempt_v to_o write_v and_o model_n they_o anew_o indeed_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o frequent_a repetition_n which_o we_o meet_v with_o in_o these_o book_n and_o the_o great_a disorder_n in_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o law_n we_o shall_v soon_o be_v incline_v to_o think_v that_o these_o book_n be_v come_v to_o our_o hand_n just_a as_o they_o be_v at_o several_a time_n first_o write_v by_o moses_n in_o that_o long_a uncomfortable_a pilgrimage_n in_o arabia_n deserta_fw-la for_o if_o they_o have_v be_v compile_v out_o of_o moses's_fw-fr memoirs_fw-fr they_o have_v certain_o be_v digest_v into_o better_a order_n and_o all_o the_o repetition_n have_v be_v cut_v off_o as_o be_v usual_o do_v in_o work_n of_o that_o nature_n but_o if_o we_o except_v a_o few_o passage_n they_o have_v descend_v to_o posterity_n just_a as_o they_o be_v publish_v at_o first_o when_o a_o full_a collection_n be_v make_v of_o all_o that_o moses_n write_v and_o at_o several_a time_n repeat_v to_o the_o israelite_n who_o after_o all_o these_o repetition_n do_v scarce_o understand_v their_o own_o law_n sufficient_o but_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o age_n a_o certain_a author_n that_o shall_v be_v nameless_a start_v up_o who_o opinion_n afterward_o find_v some_o disciple_n and_o these_o have_v be_v so_o hardy_a as_o to_o deny_v that_o moses_n be_v the_o writer_n of_o the_o pentateuch_n and_o pretend_v to_o show_v several_a passage_n in_o he_o which_o be_v manifest_o write_v since_o his_o time_n abenezra_a indeed_o have_v former_o deliver_v himself_o much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n but_o word_v it_o so_o wary_o and_o obscure_o that_o he_o be_v hardly_o to_o be_v understand_v now_o we_o will_v here_o consider_v their_o reason_n iii_o their_o argument_n be_v partly_o draw_v from_o the_o style_n of_o the_o whole_a book_n and_o partly_o from_o particular_a place_n as_o for_o the_o former_a they_o pretend_v that_o the_o difference_n of_o style_n which_o be_v easy_o observe_v in_o the_o pentateuch_n plain_o show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o write_v by_o one_o hand_n for_o some_o place_n be_v write_v in_o a_o short_a compendious_a style_n full_a of_o ellipse_n and_o other_o in_o a_o loose_a redundant_fw-la one_o but_o this_o objection_n soon_o vanish_v if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o variety_n we_o find_v in_o these_o volume_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o unrefined_a condition_n of_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n than_o any_o diversity_n of_o writer_n other_o object_n that_o moses_n never_o speak_v of_o himself_o in_o the_o pentateuch_n in_o the_o first_o person_n but_o that_o all_o his_o action_n and_o speech_n be_v relate_v in_o the_o three_o but_o these_o people_n be_v easy_o confute_v by_o the_o example_n of_o xenophon_n caesar_n and_o josephus_n and_o other_o historian_n of_o the_o first_o class_n who_o whenever_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o themselves_o always_o do_v it_o in_o the_o three_o person_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o solve_v some_o argument_n that_o be_v draw_v from_o several_a place_n of_o the_o pentateuch_n although_o some_o of_o they_o i_o must_v own_o be_v trivial_a enough_o as_o will_v appear_v by_o examine_v they_o in_o the_o first_o place_n they_o object_v that_o passage_n in_o gen._n 2.11_o 12._o the_o name_n of_o the_o first_o be_v pison_n that_o be_v it_o which_o compass_v the_o whole_a land_n of_o havilah_n where_o there_o be_v gold_n and_o the_o gold_n of_o that_o land_n be_v good_a there_o be_v bdellium_n and_o the_o onyx-stone_n now_o this_o they_o say_v be_v write_v by_o one_o that_o live_v in_o chaldea_n because_o pison_n as_o they_o imagine_v be_v a_o branch_n of_o the_o euphrates_n which_o after_o it_o have_v wash_v chaldea_n fall_v into_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o then_o the_o geography_n of_o these_o country_n according_a to_o they_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v so_o well_o know_v in_o moses_n time_n that_o so_o particular_a a_o account_n can_v be_v give_v of_o they_o especial_o if_o we_o consider_v at_o what_o a_o great_a distance_n they_o lay_v but_o we_o have_v show_v that_o the_o country_n of_o name_n of_o bochart_n l._n 5._o c._n 5._o hieroz_n part_n 2._o suppose_n the_o land_n of_o havilan_n to_o be_v that_o part_n of_o arabia_n near_o catipha_n and_o bahare_n where_o precious_a stone_n be_v dug_n up_o and_o the_o pison_n to_o be_v that_o branch_n of_o the_o euphrates_n which_o petrus_n texeira_n a_o eye-witness_n affirm_v to_o fall_v into_o the_o persian_a gulf_n at_o catipha_n near_o bahare_n but_o our_o author_n place_n havilah_n near_o to_o judea_n not_o far_o from_o coelesyria_n in_o 1_o sam._n 15.7_o saul_n be_v say_v to_o have_v destroy_v the_o amalekite_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n from_o havilah_n until_o thou_o come_v to_o sur_n that_o be_v over_o against_o egypt_n now_o who_o can_v believe_v that_o saul_n march_v with_o his_o force_n a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o german_a mile_n for_o so_o much_o it_o be_v at_o least_n from_o the_o frontier_n of_o israel_n to_o havilah_n in_o bochart_n own_o table_n especial_o if_o he_o consider_v how_o destitute_a of_o all_o provision_n arabia_n deserta_fw-la be_v and_o that_o saul_n army_n consist_v of_o 200000_o fight_n men._n beside_o if_o havilah_n have_v be_v more_o remote_a than_o sur_n the_o sacred_a historian_n will_v not_o have_v say_v that_o saul_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o the_o amalekite_n from_o havilah_n to_o sur_n but_o from_o sur_n to_o havilah_n therefore_o sur_n and_o havilah_n he_o conclude_v to_o be_v the_o border_n of_o those_o people_n the_o former_a to_o the_o south_n and_o the_o latter_a to_o the_o north._n as_o for_o the_o pison_n he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o some_o footstep_n of_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o chrysorrhous_n which_o rise_v near_o the_o city_n of_o damascus_n plentiful_o supply_v it_o with_o water_n and_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n whole_o lose_v in_o several_a little_a stream_n as_o strabo_n l._n 16._o and_o pliny_n l._n 5._o c._n 18._o tell_v we_o petrus_n belonius_a observat_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 91._o say_v that_o damascus_n be_v so_o abundant_o furnish_v with_o water_n from_o this_o river_n that_o not_o only_o every_o private_a house_n but_o every_o garden_n have_v a_o fountain_n out_o of_o it_o now_o this_o description_n admirable_o agree_v with_o the_o hebrew_n word_n phison_n which_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o hebrew_n root_n phasha_n diffusus_fw-la fuit_fw-la the_o greek_n call_v it_o chrysorrhoas_n because_o of_o the_o gold_n sands_n find_v
of_o this_o nature_n let_v he_o consult_v h._n grotius_n upon_o john_n 3.5_o but_o the_o reason_n why_o thunder_n be_v thus_o describe_v no_o one_o certain_o can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o that_o have_v either_o smell_v those_o place_n that_o have_v be_v strike_v by_o thunder_n or_o have_v read_v what_o learned_a man_n have_v write_v upon_o this_o occasion_n i_o will_v only_o give_v myself_o the_o trouble_n to_o set_v down_o two_o or_o three_o testimony_n thunder_z and_o lightning_n likewise_o say_v pliny_n lib._n 35._o c._n 15._o have_v the_o smell_v of_o brimstone_n and_o the_o very_a light_n or_o flame_n of_o they_o be_v sulphureous_a and_o seneca_n in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o natural_a question_n ch_n 21._o tell_v we_o that_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v strike_v by_o lightning_n have_v a_o sulphureous_a smell_n and_o indeed_o our_o natural_a philosopher_n have_v plain_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o thunderbolt_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o sulphureous_a exhalation_n for_o this_o persius_n in_o his_o second_o satire_n call_v it_o sulphus_n sacrum_n ignovisse_fw-la putas_fw-la quia_fw-la cum_fw-la tonet_fw-la ocyus_fw-la ilex_fw-la sulphur_n discutitur_fw-la sacro_fw-la quam_fw-la túque_fw-la domúsque_fw-la on_o the_o other_o hand_n because_o the_o thunderbolt_n be_v of_o a_o sulphureous_a nature_n the_o greek_n seem_v to_o have_v call_v brimstone_n in_o their_o language_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v divine_a by_o a_o proper_a name_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o come_v from_o god_n now_o god_n be_v not_o bare_o say_v to_o have_v rain_v down_o brimstone_n and_o fire_n but_o brimstone_n and_o fire_n from_o the_o lord_n where_o the_o addition_n of_o from_o the_o lord_n which_o at_o first_o sight_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v superfluous_a do_v more_o particular_o describe_v the_o thunderbolt_n which_o by_o the_o hebrew_n and_o other_o nation_n be_v frequent_o call_v the_o fire_n of_o god_n and_o fire_n from_o god_n thus_o in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o king_n c._n 1._o v._n 12._o the_o fire_n of_o god_n come_v down_o from_o heaven_n and_o devour_v he_o see_v likewise_o job_n 1._o v._o 16._o isaiah_n use_v the_o same_o expression_n c._n 66._o v._n 16._o he_o shall_v be_v punish_v with_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o lord_z after_o this_o manner_n the_o latin_a poet_n speak_v herein_o intimate_v the_o grecian_n as_o ovid._n met._n l._n 15._o jamque_fw-la opus_fw-la exegi_fw-la quod_fw-la nec_fw-la jovis_n ira_fw-la nec_fw-la ignes_fw-la nec_fw-la poterit_fw-la ferrum_fw-la nec_fw-la edax_fw-la abolere_fw-la vetustas_fw-la statius_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o thebais_n ilicet_fw-la igne_fw-la jovis_n lapsisque_fw-la citatior_fw-la astris_fw-la tristibus_fw-la exiluit_fw-la ripis_fw-la because_o man_n have_v no_o power_n over_o these_o kind_n of_o meteor_n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o they_o by_o any_o contrivance_n to_o ascend_v up_o to_o the_o cloud_n therefore_o god_n be_v suppose_v to_o dwell_v there_o and_o to_o cast_v his_o dart_n from_o thence_o although_o he_o be_v equal_o present_a in_o all_o place_n and_o do_v not_o send_v his_o thunderbolt_n for_o any_o peculiar_a reason_n three_o though_o moses_n do_v not_o inform_v we_o after_o what_o manner_n the_o thunderbolt_n subvert_v these_o unhappy_a city_n and_o the_o adjoin_a territory_n yet_o since_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o they_o we_o can_v comprehend_v how_o it_o happen_v any_o otherwise_o than_o that_o the_o thunderbolt_n fall_v in_o great_a plenty_n upon_o some_o pit_n of_o bitumen_n the_o vein_n of_o that_o combustible_a matter_n take_v fire_n immediate_o and_o as_o the_o fire_n penetrate_v into_o the_o lowermost_a bowel_n of_o this_o bituminous_a soil_n these_o wicked_a city_n be_v subvert_v by_o a_o tremor_n and_o sink_v down_o of_o the_o ground_n we_o will_v not_o here_o enlarge_v how_o easy_o naphtha_n which_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o liquid_a bitumen_n be_v set_v on_o fire_n the_o reader_n may_v at_o his_o leisure_n consult_v what_o strabo_n l._n 16._o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o alexander_n and_o pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 105._o have_v say_v upon_o this_o subject_a perhaps_o in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o delicious_a plain_n which_o be_v overthrow_v there_o be_v only_o the_o thick_a bitumen_n but_o even_o the_o very_a vapour_n of_o that_o matter_n which_o exhale_v from_o ground_n impregnate_v with_o it_o be_v easy_o set_v on_o fire_n in_o lycia_n the_o hephoestian_a mountain_n if_o you_o do_v but_o touch_v they_o with_o a_o light_a torch_n immediate_o take_v fire_n so_o that_o the_o very_a stone_n in_o the_o river_n and_o the_o sand_n in_o the_o water_n burn_v if_o you_o take_v a_o stick_v out_o of_o these_o water_n and_o draw_v furrow_n upon_o the_o ground_n with_o it_o according_a to_o the_o common_a report_n a_o tract_n of_o fire_n follow_v it_o these_o be_v pliny_n word_n l._n 2._o c._n 106._o there_o be_v a_o small_a hill_n in_o the_o province_n belong_v to_o grenoble_n from_o whence_o a_o smoke_n of_o a_o bituminous_a smell_n be_v perpetual_o see_v to_o proceed_v now_o this_o smoke_n by_o a_o light_a flambeau_n or_o chaff_n be_v soon_o set_v on_o fire_n which_o we_o ourselves_o know_v to_o be_v true_a by_o ocular_a experience_n in_o that_o lamentable_a earthquake_n which_o in_o the_o month_n of_o january_n 1693._o shake_v all_o sicily_n after_o so_o prodigious_a and_o miserable_a a_o manner_n some_o author_n of_o very_a good_a credit_n have_v assure_v we_o that_o thunderbolt_n fall_v in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o island_n and_o this_o observation_n be_v not_o unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n for_o seneca_n quoest_n nat._n l._n 2._o c._n 30._o say_v aetna_n have_v sometime_o burn_v exceed_o and_o throw_v up_o a_o wonderful_a quantity_n of_o burn_a sand_n the_o day_n obscure_v by_o the_o smoke_n and_o ash_n so_o that_o the_o people_n be_v terrify_v at_o so_o unexpected_a a_o scence_z of_o darkness_n at_o these_o time_n as_o the_o common_a tradition_n go_v there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n and_o therefore_o the_o bitumen_n which_o be_v so_o plentiful_o find_v in_o the_o soil_n of_o sodom_n may_v be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o a_o thunderbolt_n and_o since_o it_o flow_v or_o be_v dig_v not_o from_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o from_o vein_n of_o a_o mighty_a depth_n when_o once_o it_o have_v take_v fire_n the_o flame_n must_v of_o necessity_n run_v along_o all_o those_o vein_n and_o at_o last_o shake_v and_o subvert_v the_o ground_n the_o same_o thing_n frequent_o happen_v to_o the_o field_n about_o aetna_n and_o vesuvius_n for_o the_o very_a same_o reason_n innumerable_a author_n have_v write_v of_o the_o soil_n of_o sicily_n but_o justin_n shall_v serve_v for_o all_o who_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o four_o book_n thus_o describe_v it_o the_o earth_n be_v natural_o thin_a and_o friable_a and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o several_a cavern_n and_o pipe_n so_o penetrable_a that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n nay_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o soil_n be_v proper_a for_o generate_a and_o nourish_v of_o fire_n because_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v crust_v within_o with_o sulphur_n and_o bitumen_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o when_o the_o wind_n struggle_v with_o the_o fire_n under_o ground_n it_o frequent_o belch_v out_o sometime_o flame_n sometime_o vapour_n and_o sometime_o smoke_n and_o that_o in_o several_a place_n cornelius_n severus_n prosecute_v this_o argument_n at_o large_a in_o his_o poem_n entitle_v aetna_n the_o same_o observation_n have_v be_v make_v of_o the_o ground_n that_o lie_v about_o the_o vesuvius_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o several_a town_n have_v frequent_o be_v there_o overthrow_v by_o earthquake_n pliny_n the_o young_a in_o the_o 16_o epistle_n l._n 6._o where_o he_o relate_v the_o death_n of_o his_o learned_a uncle_n who_o be_v suffocate_v as_o he_o approach_v too_o near_o the_o fire_n of_o that_o mountain_n the_o house_n say_v he_o with_o frequent_a and_o prodigious_a tremble_n nod_v and_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v remove_v from_o their_o foundation_n seem_v to_o move_v this_o way_n and_o that_o way_n and_o seneca_n in_o the_o six_o book_n of_o his_o natural_a question_n ch_n 1._o have_v the_o follow_a passage_n we_o be_v tell_v that_o pompeii_n a_o famous_a city_n of_o campania_n be_v subvert_v by_o a_o earthquake_n this_o concussion_n happen_v on_o the_o five_o the_o which_o be_v our_o five_o nones_n of_o february_n under_o the_o consulate_a of_o regulus_n and_o virginius_n and_o occasion_v incredible_a loss_n in_o campania_n which_o though_o it_o be_v never_o free_a from_o these_o motion_n yet_o it_o seldom_o suffer_v by_o they_o that_o which_o seneca_n tell_v we_o happen_v to_o the_o city_n of_o pompeii_n do_v we_o say_v be_v the_o very_a same_o calamity_n which_o visit_v these_o city_n in_o the_o plain_a of_o
jordan_n nor_o be_v this_o the_o first_o time_n that_o this_o valley_n be_v shake_v as_o the_o territory_n about_o pompeii_n be_v not_o subvert_v the_o very_a first_o time_n it_o shake_v as_o the_o jewish_a author_n affirm_v from_o who_o st._n jerom_n have_v borrow_v what_o follow_v in_o his_o hebrew_a tradition_n it_o be_v frequent_o ask_v say_v he_o why_o lot_n after_o he_o have_v first_o prefer_v segor_n to_o his_o flight_n up_o the_o mountain_n that_o he_o desire_v it_o may_v escape_v because_o he_o design_v to_o live_v there_o shall_v so_o soon_o alter_v his_o mind_n and_o depart_v from_o segor_n to_o the_o mountain_n we_o answer_v that_o the_o conjecture_n of_o the_o hebrew_n concern_v segor_n be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o truth_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v frequent_o overthrow_v by_o earthquake_n and_o be_v first_o call_v bale_n and_o afterward_o salissa_n and_o therefore_o lot_n be_v afraid_a and_o say_v to_o himself_o if_o while_o the_o other_o city_n be_v stand_v this_o be_v often_o subvert_v how_o can_v it_o now_o expect_v to_o escape_v in_o the_o common_a ruin_n but_o to_o lay_v aside_o these_o uncertain_a tradition_n we_o will_v rather_o observe_v in_o the_o word_n of_o the_o roman_a philosopher_n that_o god_n punish_v the_o sodomite_n and_o their_o neighbour_n by_o a_o calamity_n of_o a_o large_a extent_n which_o have_v not_o only_o destroy_v single_a house_n or_o family_n or_o city_n but_o whole_a nation_n which_o sometime_o bury_v all_o in_o ruin_n and_o sometime_o in_o a_o deep_a gulf_n leave_v no_o remainder_n behind_o it_o by_o which_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o that_o which_o be_v not_o now_o be_v former_o but_o triumph_n over_o the_o most_o magnificent_a city_n and_o be_v not_o so_o merciful_a as_o to_o leave_v any_o footstep_n of_o their_o ancient_a glory_n strabo_n in_o his_o first_o and_o pliny_n in_o his_o second_o book_n will_v furnish_v we_o with_o several_a example_n of_o this_o nature_n some_o few_o of_o which_o near_o resemble_v the_o destruction_n of_o these_o city_n situate_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o jordan_n we_o have_v here_o select_v the_o former_a author_n tell_v we_o out_o of_o posidonius_n p._n 40._o that_o in_o phoenicia_n a_o certain_a city_n situate_v above_o sidon_n be_v absorb_v by_o a_o earthquake_n out_o of_o demetrius_n scepsius_n that_o several_a earthquake_n have_v happen_v in_o asia_n minor_n by_o which_o whole_a town_n be_v devour_v and_o the_o mountain_n sipylus_n overthrow_v under_o the_o reign_n of_o tantalas_n and_o marsh_n turn_v into_o stand_a lake_n and_o this_o happen_v at_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o vale_n of_o sodom_n where_o the_o lacus_n asphaltites_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o water_n which_o there_o overflow_v nor_o indeed_o can_v it_o otherwise_o happen_v the_o soil_n easy_o give_v way_n in_o marshy_a place_n as_o the_o same_o author_n tell_v we_o p._n 37._o great_a as_o well_o as_o small_a thing_n may_v be_v swallow_v up_o since_o chasm_n in_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o bury_n of_o town_n and_o habitation_n as_o it_o happen_v at_o bara_n bezona_n and_o several_a other_o place_n be_v say_v to_o be_v cause_v by_o earthquake_n pliny_n in_o his_o second_o book_n ch_n 88_o testify_v that_o the_o mountain_n epopos_n a_o fire_n on_o the_o sudden_a break_v out_o of_o it_o be_v level_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o a_o town_n bury_v in_o the_o deep_a for_o the_o arch_n that_o support_v the_o ground_n break_v in_o and_o the_o matter_n underneath_o be_v whole_o consume_v the_o soil_n above_o must_v of_o necessity_n sink_v and_o be_v swallow_v up_o in_o these_o cavern_n if_o they_o be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v suppose_v in_o seneca_n time_n that_o the_o mountain_n aetna_n consume_v and_o sink_v by_o degree_n because_o the_o sailor_n can_v have_v discern_v it_o far_o off_o in_o former_a time_n see_v his_o 79th_o epistle_n v._o after_o this_o territory_n adjoin_v to_o jordan_n have_v thus_o sink_v in_o it_o must_v unavoidable_o fall_v out_o as_o we_o say_v before_o that_o the_o water_n run_v to_o this_o place_n in_o so_o great_a a_o abundance_n must_v make_v a_o lake_n of_o that_o place_n which_o be_v marshy_a before_o as_o moses_n inform_v we_o gen._n 14.3_o when_o he_o relate_v that_o the_o force_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n near_o jordan_n meet_v in_o the_o valley_n of_o siddim_n which_o be_v now_o say_v he_o the_o salt_n sea_n by_o which_o name_n as_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o observe_v the_o lacus_n asphaltites_n be_v call_v and_o that_o this_o be_v not_o the_o only_a place_n where_o a_o lake_n be_v occasion_v by_o a_o earthquake_n we_o find_v from_o the_o abovementioned_a passage_n in_o strabo_n nay_o pliny_n testify_v that_o in_o one_o of_o the_o pythecusae_n not_o only_o a_o town_n be_v swallow_v up_o in_o the_o deep_a as_o we_o have_v already_o observe_v but_o that_o by_o another_o concussion_n of_o the_o earth_n a_o pool_n break_v out_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o 1693._o all_o sicily_n be_v miserable_o shake_v and_o not_o only_o several_a town_n overturn_v but_o the_o city_n augusta_n which_o be_v build_v by_o the_o emperor_n frederic_n in_o the_o year_n 1229._o be_v whole_o swallow_v up_o by_o the_o sea_n if_o to_o these_o water_n perpetual_o run_v into_o it_o we_o add_v the_o bitumen_n which_o at_o once_o break_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o mingle_v with_o the_o water_n we_o shall_v have_v a_o full_a description_n of_o the_o lacus_n asphaltites_n we_o have_v evident_o show_v that_o all_o that_o country_n abound_v with_o bitumen_n before_o and_o perhaps_o what_o strabo_n affirm_v to_o have_v happen_v at_o eubaea_n fall_v out_o here_o which_o do_v not_o cease_v to_o feel_v shake_v in_o one_o part_n or_o another_o that_o the_o earth_n open_v in_o the_o field_n of_o lelantus_n and_o vomit_v forth_o a_o flood_n of_o fiery_a mud._n after_o this_o manner_n the_o lacus_n asphaltites_n seem_v to_o be_v make_v and_o nothing_o can_v be_v object_v against_o it_o unless_o it_o be_v that_o abraham_n do_v not_o perceive_v the_o earthquake_n which_o we_o say_v happen_v in_o this_o place_n for_o moses_n tell_v we_o gen._n 19.27_o that_o he_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o matter_n till_o he_o get_v up_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o go_v to_o the_o mountain_n from_o whence_o he_o see_v the_o smoke_n arise_v from_o the_o earth_n as_o from_o a_o furnace_n but_o beside_o that_o moses_n no_o where_o deny_v that_o abraham_n be_v sensible_a of_o this_o earthquake_n it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v that_o the_o tremble_v be_v very_o inconsiderable_a or_o none_o at_o all_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n often_o small_a tract_n of_o ground_n be_v disturb_v as_o seneca_n have_v observe_v quaest_n nat._n l._n 6._o c._n 25._o even_o this_o earthquake_n which_o have_v fill_v the_o city_n with_o so_o many_o dreadful_a stone_n do_v not_o exceed_v the_o limit_n of_o campania_n why_o shall_v i_o mention_v that_o when_o chalcis_n tremble_v thebes_n stand_v unmolested_a that_o when_o aegium_n be_v every_o moment_n expect_v to_o be_v bury_v in_o ruin_n the_o city_n patrae_n which_o stand_v so_o near_o it_o feel_v nothing_o of_o that_o motion_n that_o prodigious_a concussion_n which_o overwhelm_v two_o city_n buris_n and_o helice_n stop_v on_o this_o side_n of_o aegium_n it_o be_v therefore_o a_o plain_a case_n that_o the_o motion_n only_o go_v so_o far_o and_o no_o far_o as_o the_o cavern_n and_o vacant_a space_n in_o the_o earth_n give_v it_o leave_v according_a to_o the_o depth_n or_o breadth_n of_o the_o cavern_n which_o fall_v in_o the_o motion_n must_v be_v hear_v far_a or_o near_o now_o these_o cavern_n seem_v neither_o to_o have_v be_v very_o far_o from_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n nor_o broad_a than_o the_o valley_n which_o sink_v in_o since_o four_o city_n with_o the_o territory_n belong_v to_o they_o be_v so_o soon_o swallow_v up_o and_o yet_o the_o calamity_n spread_v no_o far_o the_o memory_n of_o this_o strange_a event_n be_v not_o only_o preserve_v among_o the_o hebrew_n who_o afterward_o inhabit_v the_o neighbour_a country_n but_o be_v propogate_v among_o the_o heathen_n strabo_n indeed_o l._n 16._o erroneous_o confound_v this_o lake_n with_o sirbonis_n but_o in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o his_o relation_n deserve_v to_o be_v hear_v it_o be_v a_o vast_a lake_n the_o compass_n of_o which_o some_o person_n estimate_v to_o be_v a_o thousand_o furlong_n the_o length_n of_o it_o above_o two_o hundred_o josephus_n de_fw-fr bell._n jud._n l._n 4._o c._n 26._o tell_v we_o it_o be_v 580_o furlong_n in_o length_n and_o 150_o in_o breadth_n the_o water_n of_o it_o be_v extreme_o deep_a and_o heavy_a upon_o which_o account_n divers_a be_v of_o no_o use_n there_o for_o whoever_o go_v into_o it_o as_o high_a as_o his_o navel_n be_v immediate_o lift_v up_o it_o be_v full_a of_o bitumen_n
earth_n where_o lot_n wife_n perish_v be_v say_v to_o be_v salt_n yet_o it_o abound_v in_o a_o far_o great_a quantity_n of_o bitumen_n and_o brimstone_n so_o that_o if_o she_o be_v to_o be_v change_v into_o some_o matter_n of_o near_a affinity_n with_o that_o earth_n she_o may_v much_o more_o convenient_o have_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o fountain_n of_o bitumen_n or_o brimstone_n other_o in_o which_o number_n we_o find_v clem._n alexandrinus_n give_v we_o a_o mystical_a reason_n why_o she_o be_v turn_v into_o salt_n lot_n wife_n say_v he_o who_o of_o her_o own_o accord_n alone_o relapse_v to_o the_o vice_n of_o the_o world_n he_o leave_v senseless_a and_o make_v she_o as_o it_o be_v a_o stone_n of_o salt_n and_o command_v she_o to_o go_v no_o far_o no_o insipid_a or_o unprofitable_a image_n but_o to_o season_n and_o whet_v up_o those_o who_o have_v a_o spritual_a discernment_n strom._n lib._n 2._o p._n 387._o we_o meet_v with_o the_o same_o strain_n of_o reason_v in_o st._n austin_n the_o civ_o dei_fw-la lib._n 16._o c._n 3._o but_o any_o one_o may_v see_v how_o far_o fetch_v and_o oratorical_a this_o sort_n of_o argumentation_n be_v it_o may_v serve_v well_o enough_o for_o the_o pulpit_n or_o a_o popular_a harangue_n but_o can_v never_o satisfy_v a_o philosophical_a ear_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v impose_v upon_o by_o such_o miserable_a rhetoric_n aben_n ezra_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o lot_n wife_n be_v burn_v by_o fire_n which_o have_v some_o salt_n mix_v with_o it_o so_o that_o she_o be_v as_o it_o be_v season_v by_o that_o salt_n and_o he_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v that_o salt_n fall_v down_o from_o heaven_n with_o the_o fire_n which_o be_v likewise_o the_o sentiment_n of_o h._n grotius_n from_o deut._n 29._o v._o 22._o but_o moses_n speak_v not_o a_o syllable_n of_o any_o salt_n fall_v down_o from_o heaven_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v deduce_v from_o his_o word_n as_o any_o consider_a reader_n will_v soon_o discover_v or_o may_v know_v from_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v but_o how_o this_o burn_a soil_n come_v to_o be_v saltish_a we_o shall_v show_v in_o our_o annotation_n upon_o that_o place_n of_o deuteronomy_n we_o may_v likewise_o add_v to_o what_o have_v be_v mention_v above_o against_o those_o gentleman_n who_o maintain_v that_o this_o statue_n of_o salt_n have_v last_v for_o so_o many_o thousand_o year_n that_o although_o it_o be_v make_v of_o salt_n which_o equal_v that_o which_o be_v sossil_n in_o hardness_n yet_o be_v expose_v so_o long_o to_o the_o open_a air_n can_v not_o have_v last_v so_o long_o the_o hard_a marble_n can_v scarce_o have_v suffer_v the_o force_n of_o the_o air_n of_o heat_n and_o cold_a and_o rain_n and_o wind_n without_o be_v considerable_o injure_v they_o that_o pretend_v it_o be_v preserve_v by_o a_o miracle_n be_v so_o accustom_a to_o defend_v uncertain_a miracle_n by_o more_o uncertain_a one_o and_o be_v so_o seldom_o convince_v by_o the_o most_o cogent_a reason_n in_o the_o world_n that_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a the_o while_n to_o confute_v they_o therefore_o since_o so_o many_o monstrous_a absurdity_n stare_v we_o in_o the_o face_n if_o with_o the_o generality_n of_o mankind_n we_o admit_v of_o a_o metamorphosis_n here_o and_o moses_n word_n will_v very_o well_o allow_v of_o another_o meaning_n it_o be_v more_o preferable_a in_o my_o opinion_n to_o have_v recourse_n to_o that_o especial_o if_o it_o be_v more_o agreeable_a to_o reason_n nay_o though_o the_o word_n of_o the_o sacred_a historian_n be_v wrest_v a_o little_a which_o we_o have_v not_o do_v as_o be_v sufficient_o evident_a already_o and_o will_v be_v make_v more_o plain_a hereafter_o it_o be_v better_o to_o father_n a_o hard_a interpretation_n upon_o they_o than_o to_o introduce_v he_o speak_v absurdity_n it_o be_v certain_o much_o more_o credible_a that_o moses_n use_v a_o improper_a phrase_n than_o that_o he_o deliver_v plain_a downright_a incongruity_n and_o therefore_o a_o force_a interpretation_n will_v be_v infinite_o more_o tolerable_a than_o to_o feign_v a_o prodigious_a event_n mere_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o expound_v two_o poor_a doubtful_a word_n at_o best_a iu._n but_o we_o be_v oppose_v they_o say_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o ancient_a jew_n and_o christian_n some_o citation_n out_o of_o who_o we_o will_v produce_v beside_o those_o we_o have_v already_o bring_v lest_o any_o one_o shall_v suppose_v that_o we_o purposely_o suppress_v or_o omit_v they_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o wisdom_n ch_n 10.7_o a_o perpetual_a testimony_n of_o wickedness_n a_o smoke_a earth_n and_o plant_n bring_v forth_o fruit_n at_o unseasonable_a time_n compare_v this_o with_o the_o seven_o verse_n of_o st._n judas_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a dissertation_n a_o pillar_n of_o salt_n stand_v for_o a_o monument_n of_o a_o unbelieve_a mind_n philo_z likewise_o frequent_o take_v notice_n of_o this_o metamorphosis_n as_o we_o gather_v from_o the_o two_o above-cited_n place_n out_o of_o he_o to_o which_o we_o will_v add_v this_o three_o out_o of_o the_o allegory_n of_o the_o law_n lib._n 2._o p._n 77._o several_a soul_n though_o they_o be_v willing_a to_o repent_v yet_o god_n do_v not_o permit_v they_o but_o they_o be_v carry_v back_o as_o by_o a_o strong_a tide_n like_o lot_n wife_n who_o for_o her_o love_n of_o sodom_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o stone_n the_o ancient_a christian_n who_o have_v mention_v this_o charge_n seem_v to_o be_v clemens_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o corinthian_n his_o wife_n say_v he_o go_v out_o along_o with_o he_o but_o be_v of_o a_o different_a opinion_n and_o not_o persist_v in_o concord_n be_v therefore_o place_v for_o a_o sign_n and_o continue_v a_o statue_n of_o salt_n to_o this_o very_a day_n irenaeus_n l._n 4._o c._n 51._o have_v the_o same_o and_o something_o more_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v below_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o allege_v the_o testimony_n of_o those_o of_o a_o late_a stand_n now_o all_o that_o can_v be_v gather_v from_o these_o testimony_n be_v only_o this_o that_o the_o jew_n and_o ancient_a christian_n believe_v this_o metamorphosis_n of_o lot_n wife_n which_o we_o do_v deny_v but_o it_o do_v not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o believe_v they_o because_o indeed_o they_o borrow_a this_o opinion_n from_o no_o where_n else_o but_o the_o word_n of_o moses_n misunderstand_v and_o not_o from_o the_o sight_n of_o this_o statue_n as_o we_o shall_v prove_v hereafter_o now_o as_o they_o may_v easy_o be_v mistake_v in_o interpret_n the_o word_n of_o moses_n as_o they_o be_v in_o many_o other_o thing_n beside_o so_o we_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n engage_v to_o take_v their_o word_n in_o this_o affair_n for_o all_o the_o author_n that_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o cite_v upon_o this_o occasion_n live_v in_o those_o time_n wherein_o no_o certain_a monument_n be_v extant_a from_o whence_o they_o may_v better_o discover_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o affair_n than_o we_o at_o this_o great_a distance_n can_v do_v beside_o the_o history_n of_o moses_n nor_o be_v the_o seventy_o interpreter_n or_o those_o that_o follow_v they_o so_o profound_o verse_v in_o the_o hebrew_n language_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o mistake_v moses_n meaning_n as_o we_o have_v show_v the_o contrary_a in_o several_a place_n of_o our_o commentary_n and_o as_o for_o the_o modern_n their_o authority_n be_v of_o much_o less_o weight_n since_o it_o be_v a_o plain_a case_n that_o they_o be_v furnish_v with_o no_o better_a help_n to_o find_v out_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o scripture_n than_o we_o be_v and_o last_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n to_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v bring_v as_o a_o argument_n because_o after_o the_o septuagint_n have_v establish_v this_o mistake_n in_o their_o version_n all_o the_o rest_n blind_o follow_v they_o without_o even_o examine_v the_o matter_n what_o one_o man_n have_v say_v they_o be_v the_o word_n of_o a_o great_a man_n all_z believe_v and_o no_o one_o question_n it_o and_o therefore_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o business_n aright_o only_o his_o authority_n ought_v to_o be_v weight_v in_o the_o balance_n who_o first_o advance_v this_o opinion_n and_o if_o that_o prove_v upon_o examination_n to_o be_v none_o of_o the_o best_a as_o we_o hope_v we_o have_v sufficient_o evince_v then_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o we_o shall_v rely_v upon_o it_o v._o but_o perhaps_o some_o may_v be_v of_o opinion_n that_o we_o lose_v time_n in_o seek_v to_o lessen_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o ancient_n since_o we_o have_v not_o only_o their_o great_a learning_n to_o encounter_v but_o the_o testimony_n of_o several_a eye-witness_n as_o josephus_n for_o instance_n and_o some_o modern_n by_o who_o authority_n rather_o