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A12159 The first and chief groundes of architecture vsed in all the auncient and famous monymentes with a farther & more ample defense vppon the same, than hitherto hath been set out by any other. Published by Iohn Shute, paynter and archytecte. Shute, John, d. 1563. 1563 (1563) STC 22464; ESTC S101701 40,196 54

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measures of the forsayde Pillours makynge the pillour Ionycke vpon the whiche pillor or Scapus thereof he set the Capitell the whiche he hadde sene vpon the tombe of the mayden the whiche garnished beatifully the whole pillor whiche Capitell was in height the thicknes of the pillor and named it Corinthia because it was made in the cytie of Corinthe by thandes of Calimachus who for the excellence of that arte was named Catatechnos and after that this worke growing more and more to perfection came to the Romaynes and so through oute all Italie and manye other places yea and was throughlye practised by them Then the Tuscanes beginning to builde hauing knowlaige of the pillor whiche was firste inuented by the Ionians vpon the Symetrie of a strong manne inuented to buylde stronglye after the maner aforsayde yea and to garnishe also theyr cyties and townes beautifullye with a pillour of their owne deuise whyche yet at this present time remayneth wholle in the citie of Forence and in the countreis there about they fourmed and fashioned that pillor whyche to thys daye is named after the sayde countrey Tuscana The Romains then wel practised in their measures of all the rest of their Columes and also desirous to encreace so noble an arte by some noble accession beholdyng and regardinge the beautifulnes of these foresayd pillors that is to say Tuscana Dorica Ionica Corinthia gathered oute of eche of the same pillers that whyche they thought moste faire and made a piller of pleasure or triumphe after the moste excellent maner that euer was before This piller was firste buylded to his perfection in the time of Titus Vespasianus who sette it at hys triumphe in the higheste place of hys arche triumphall and called it Composita or as some doo name her Italica These pillers partelye for their beautye and comlines partelye for their fortitude and strength the writers of them haue resembled and lykned to sertain feyned Goddes and Goddesses As namely Tuscana is applied vnto Atlas the kynge of Mauritania Dorica vnto Hercules and the god Mars Ionica to Diana or Appollo Corinthia vnto Vesta or some lyke virgin and Composita to Pandora of Hesiodus the which he faineth to haue ben endewed wyth diuers of those graces and coninge wherwith the beforenamed Goddes and Goddesses were indewed so that it semeth by the auncient writers and Authors which haue made rehersall of these thinges that they haue bene had in great estimation and prise as ye maye wel parceyue by Ysis whiche buylded a temple in Egipte for her father Iupiter bycause her husbande Osiris and she were in great estimation and also for theyr beautifull inuentions and wysedome were honored as goddes This maye well be gathered by their pillers and ornamentes that belong therunto the whyche were noted and marked with He brewe letters and also by the Sepulcres of Amasis whych was made more then M. D yeres before the birthe of Christe in the whiche one of the Pyramides was CCClx. thousande mens workes the space of twentye yeares the whyche remayneth in Egipte to be sene at this present daye and manye other beautifull buildinges of that nacion Reade Diado Sic. li. 1.2 Also it semeth by many other writers that after Babell decaied incontinently the Hebrues most triumphantlye florished in thys pointe Thus we maye perceiue that the Hebrues receyued their knowlage of the Babilonians and the Grekes receiued it of the Hebrues in lyke case the Latines and the Italians receiued their from the Grekes the whyche our Author Vitruuius doth not deny in makynge demonstrations to a Latine worke with Greke letters as vpon the inuention of the Grekes whych concerninge hys science in Architectura in the whyche thing Vitruuius semeth muche to be cōmended as one that did not disdayne to acknowledge the authors and writers out of whom he receiued his knowledge In so muche as in hys seuenthe booke of Architecture he affirmeth by naming the notablest of thē that they which haue left these thinges in wryting are to be commēded whose names also I thought not altogyther the metest to be omitted therfore do rebers these Theodorus which wrot of the Dorica Etesiphon and Metageues who wrote of the Ionica which was set in the tēple of Diana at Ephesis Thē Hermogenes hath writtē of Diana in Magnesia after Argelius which made the rehersal of the Corinthes Fistly Sathirus Pitheus who did speake of Māsolea in Halicarnasso last both Cares Briaxes Scopas Praxiteles many other as Nexaria Theosides Philemon Demophilos Pollis Leonides Silamon Melāpus Sarnacus Euphranor al the which verly are to be thanked cōmended throughly For by them we know and perceiue as thoughe we sawe in a loking glasse the thinges that haue bene sene done and made long before Neuertheles it hath ben withdrawen and hidden as almost al other knowlages for a long season hath hene through ignoraunce for so it came to passe by the iniurie of time that all sciences and learning haue bene kept secret and not spoken of in so much that at this daye there are many which name this order of building to be of the new facion But it can not he new that hath so many ancient Authors and maisters thereof whom namely the Noble writer or Author Pliny hath in so great estimation that for their sake he blameth al them greatly that haue written and wrought any thing and haue not named the authors and maisters of whom they toke their inuention especially of suche great and vnspeakable worke of which the honour and fame hath bene asmuch vnto the maker therof as it was vnto them that caused those thinges to be made But now of thie thinges we haue spoken ynough let vs therfore speake some what of the worthynes of this science and of the office of an Architect VVhat the Office and Duetie is of him that vvyll be a Perfecte Architecte or Mayster of buyldings ARchitectur by the common consent of many notable men as Cesarius sayth ys of all artes the most noble and excellent Contayning in it sundrie sciences and knowlaiges wherwyth it is furnished and adourned as full well Vitruuius doth affyrme and declare by his writinge For saith he an Architecte must be sharpe of vnderstandinge and both quicke and apte to conceiue the trewe Instructions and meaninges of them that haue written therof and must also be a perfect distributor of the great misteries that he hath perceued and experymented that playnlye and briefly he maye discusse and open demonstrations of that which shal be done or mete to those persones that shal be the fownders of any noble workes wherfore he ought first to be a very good Grāmarian then to haue experte knowladg in drawing and protracting the thinge which he hath conceyued Nexte he must haue a good sight in Geometrie Consequently in Opticke and in suche lyke sciences he must haue good perceuerance Likewise in Arithmeticke he must be very parfiact and in histories singulerly well seene He must also