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book_n author_n know_v write_v 2,987 5 5.2886 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A67135 Reflections upon ancient and modern learning by William Wotton ... Wotton, William, 1666-1727. 1694 (1694) Wing W3658; ESTC R32928 155,991 392

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honourable_a thing_n to_o write_v a_o true_a ciceronian_a style_n this_o the_o italian_n pretend_v to_o keep_v to_o themselves_o and_o they_o will_v scarce_o allow_v that_o any_o man_n beyond_o the_o alps_n unless_o perhaps_o longolius_fw-la and_o cardinal_n pole_n write_v pure_a roman_a latin_n this_o make_v other_o nation_n strive_v to_o equal_v they_o and_o one_o rare_o meet_v with_o a_o book_n write_v at_o that_o time_n upon_o a_o subject_a that_o will_v bear_v the_o elegancy_n of_o style_n in_o bad_a latin_a when_o critical_a learning_n be_v in_o fashion_n every_o nation_n have_v some_o few_o great_a man_n at_o the_o same_o time_n or_o very_o near_o it_o to_o set_v against_o those_o of_o another_o italy_n boast_v of_o robertus_fw-la titius_n and_o petrus_n victorius_n france_n have_v joseph_n scaliger_n isaac_n casaubon_n cujacius_n pithaeus_n brissonius_n and_o several_a more_o switzerland_n produce_v gesner_n for_o that_o and_o almost_o every_o thing_n else_o germany_n have_v leopardus_fw-la gruter_n putschius_n and_o other_o the_o low_a country_n have_v justus_n lipsius_n england_n have_v sir_n henry_n savile_n every_o country_n have_v some_o great_a man_n to_o keep_v up_o its_o glory_n in_o those_o thing_n which_o then_o be_v in_o great_a request_n in_o this_o last_o age_n mathematical_a and_o physical_a science_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o darling_n study_v of_o the_o learned_a man_n of_o europe_n there_o also_o the_o same_o emulation_n have_v be_v equal_o visible_a when_o great_a britain_n can_v show_v such_o man_n as_o my_o lord_n bacon_n my_o lord_n napier_n the_o inventor_n of_o logarithm_n mr._n harriot_n mr._n oughtred_a and_o mr._n horrox_n holland_n have_v stevinus_n who_o first_o find_v out_o decimal_a arithmetic_n and_o snellius_n france_n can_v reckon_v up_o des_n cartes_n mersennus_n fermat_n and_o gassendi_n italy_n have_v galileo_n torricellius_n and_o cavallerius_n germany_n kepler_n and_o denmark_n not_o long_o before_o tycho_n brahe_n when_o afterward_o the_o philosopher_n of_o england_n grow_v numerous_a and_o unite_v their_o strength_n france_n also_o take_v the_o hint_n and_o its_o king_n set_v up_o a_o royal_a society_n to_o rival_n we_o the_o duke_n of_o tuscany_n have_v set_v up_o already_o at_o florence_n the_o academy_n del_fw-it cimento_fw-it who_o member_n employ_v themselves_o in_o pursue_v the_o same_o method_n in_o germany_n a_o academy_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n have_v be_v raise_v even_o ireland_n have_v have_v its_o philosophical_a society_n from_o all_o which_o such_o swarm_n of_o great_a man_n in_o every_o part_n of_o natural_a and_o mathematical_a knowledge_n have_v within_o these_o few_o year_n appear_v that_o it_o may_v perhaps_o without_o vanity_n be_v believe_v that_o if_o this_o humour_n last_v much_o long_o and_o learned_a man_n do_v not_o divert_v their_o thought_n to_o speculation_n of_o another_o kind_a the_o next_o age_n will_v not_o find_v very_o much_o work_n of_o this_o kind_a to_o do_v for_o this_o sort_n of_o learning_n have_v spread_v wherever_o letter_n have_v have_v any_o encouragement_n in_o europe_n so_o successful_o that_o even_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n have_v have_v their_o bartholin_n their_o borrichius_n their_o rudbeck_n their_o wormius_n and_o their_o hevelius_n who_o have_v put_v in_o for_o that_o prize_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o warm_a climate_n seem_v already_o in_o possession_n of_o this_o have_v occasion_v the_o write_n of_o abundance_n of_o book_n to_o vindicate_v the_o glory_n of_o every_o great_a invention_n to_o some_o eminent_a man_n of_o that_o country_n that_o the_o author_n of_o those_o book_n belong_v to_o which_o dispute_v though_o many_o time_n very_o pedantical_o manage_v and_o with_o a_o heat_n mis-becoming_a learned_a man_n yet_o have_v have_v this_o good_a effect_n that_o while_o some_o be_v zealous_a to_o secure_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o invention_n of_o thing_n already_o discover_v to_o their_o own_o country_n other_o be_v equal_o solicitous_a to_o add_v a_o more_o undisputed_a honour_n to_o they_o by_o new_a invention_n which_o they_o be_v sure_o no_o man_n can_v possible_o challenge_v another_o reason_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o learning_n according_a to_o sir_n william_n temple_n 67-71_a be_v the_o want_n of_o protection_n from_o great_a man_n and_o a_o unsatiable_a thirst_n after_o gain_n now_o grow_v the_o humour_n of_o the_o age._n that_o prince_n do_v not_o now_o delight_v to_o talk_v of_o matter_n of_o learning_n in_o their_o public_a conversation_n as_o they_o do_v about_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n ago_o be_v very_o evident_a when_o learn_v first_o come_v up_o man_n fancy_v that_o every_o thing_n can_v be_v do_v by_o it_o and_o they_o be_v charm_v with_o the_o eloquence_n of_o its_o professor_n who_o do_v not_o fail_v to_o set_v forth_o all_o its_o advantage_n in_o the_o most_o engage_v dress_n it_o be_v so_o very_o modish_a that_o the_o fair_a sex_n seem_v to_o believe_v that_o greek_a and_o latin_a add_v to_o
reflection_n relate_v to_o the_o follow_a chapter_n with_o a_o account_n of_o sir_n william_n temple_n be_v hypothesis_n of_o the_o history_n of_o learning_n p._n 77_o chap._n 8._o of_o the_o learning_n of_o pythagoras_n and_o the_o most_o ancient_a philosopher_n of_o greece_n p._n 91_o chap._n 9_o of_o the_o history_n and_o mathematics_n of_o the_o ancient_a egyptian_n p._n 103_o chap._n 10._o of_o the_o natural_a philosophy_n medicine_n and_o alchemy_n of_o the_o ancient_a egyptian_n p._n 116_o chap._n 11._o of_o the_o learning_n of_o the_o ancient_a chaldean_n and_o arabian_n p._n 136_o chap._n 12._o of_o the_o learning_n of_o the_o chinese_n p._n 144_o chap._n 13._o of_o the_o logic_n and_o metaphysic_n of_o the_o ancient_a greek_n p._n 154_o chap._n 14._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a geometry_n and_o arithmetic_n p._n 159_o chap._n 15._o of_o several_a instrument_n invent_v by_o the_o modern_n which_o have_v help_v to_o advance_v learning_n p._n 169_o chap._n 16._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a chemistry_n p._n 183_o chap._n 17._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a anatomy_n p._n 190_o chap._n 18._o of_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n p._n 206_o chap._n 19_o further_a reflection_n upon_o ancient_n and_o modern_a anatomy_n p._n 218_o chap._n 20._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a natural_a history_n of_o elementary_a body_n and_o mineral_n p._n 238_o chap._n 21._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a history_n of_o plant_n p._n 252_o chap._n 22._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a history_n of_o animal_n p._n 263_o chap._n 23._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a astronomy_n and_o optic_n p._n 275_o chap._n 24._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a music_n p._n 282_o chap._n 25._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a physic_n p._n 289_o chap._n 26._o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a natural_a philosophy_n p._n 299_o chap._n 27._o of_o the_o philological_a learning_n of_o the_o modern_n p._n 310_o chap._n 28._o of_o the_o theological_a learning_n of_o the_o modern_n p._n 322_o chap._n 29._o reflection_n upon_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o modern_a learning_n assign_v by_o sir_n william_n temple_n p._n 342_o advertisement_n ☞_o the_o reader_n be_v desire_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o second_o edition_n of_o sir_n william_n temple_n essay_n be_v quote_v every_o where_o in_o this_o book_n but_o that_o all_o the_o citation_n be_v also_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o three_o edition_n which_o be_v correct_v and_o enlarge_v by_o the_o author_n errata_fw-la pag._n 90._o lin_v 5._o r._n account_n p._n 94_o 95._o r._n van_n dalen_n p._n 122._o l._n 5._o r._n exurere_fw-la p._n 145._o l._n ult_n for_o mechanic_n r._n mathematics_n p._n 146._o l._n 3._o r._n verbiest_n p._n 164._o l._n 26._o r._n van_n heuraet_n p._n 176._o l._n 24._o r._n limb._n p._n 280._o l._n 22._o r._n ellipse_n p._n 271._o l._n 3._o r._n can_v p._n 312._o l._n 2._o r._n when_o we_o p._n 314._o l._n 26._o for_o letter_n r._n discourse_n p._n 315._o l._n 13._o for_o it_o be_v r._n they_o be_v reflection_n upon_o ancient_n and_o modern_a learning_n chap._n 1._o general_a reflection_n upon_o the_o state_n of_o the_o question_n the_o present_a state_n of_o the_o design_n and_o study_n of_o mankind_n be_v so_o very_o different_a from_o what_o it_o be_v 150_o year_n ago_o that_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o man_n notion_n concern_v they_o vary_v as_o much_o as_o the_o thing_n themselves_o this_o great_a difference_n arise_v from_o the_o desire_n which_o every_o man_n have_v who_o believe_v that_o he_o can_v do_v great_a thing_n than_o his_o neighbour_n of_o let_v they_o see_v how_o much_o he_o do_v excel_v they_o this_o will_v oblige_v he_o to_o omit_v no_o opportunity_n that_o offer_v itself_o to_o do_v it_o and_o afterward_o to_o express_v his_o satisfaction_n that_o he_o have_v do_v it_o this_o be_v not_o only_o visible_a in_o particular_a person_n but_o in_o the_o several_a age_n of_o mankind_n which_o be_v only_a community_n of_o particular_a person_n live_v at_o the_o same_o time_n as_o often_o as_o their_o humour_n or_o their_o interest_n lead_v they_o to_o pursue_v the_o same_o method_n this_o emulation_n equal_o show_v itself_o whatsoever_o the_o subject_a be_v about_o which_o it_o be_v employ_v whether_o it_o be_v about_o matter_n of_o trade_n or_o war_n or_o learning_n it_o be_v all_o one_o one_o nation_n will_v strive_v to_o outdo_v another_o and_o so_o will_v one_o age_n too_o when_o several_a nation_n agree_v in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o same_o design_n only_o the_o jealousy_n be_v not_o so_o great_a in_o the_o contest_v for_o learning_n as_o it_o be_v in_o that_o for_o riches_n and_o power_n because_o these_o be_v thing_n which_o every_o several_a people_n strive_v to_o engross_v all_o to_o themselves_o so_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o border_a nation_n to_o suffer_v with_o any_o patience_n that_o their_o neighbour_n shall_v grow_v as_o great_a as_o they_o in_o either_o of_o they_o to_o their_o own_o prejudice_n though_o they_o will_v all_o agree_v in_o raise_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o age_n they_o live_v in_o upon_o that_o account_n that_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n wherein_o their_o interest_n do_v perfect_o unite_v if_o this_o way_n of_o reason_v will_n bold_a it_o may_v be_v ask_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o learned_a man_n of_o the_o last_o age_n do_v not_o pretend_v that_o they_o outdo_v the_o ancient_n as_o well_o as_o some_o do_v now_o they_o will_v without_o question_n can_v they_o have_v have_v any_o colour_n for_o it_o it_o be_v the_o work_n of_o one_o age_n to_o remove_v the_o rubbish_n and_o to_o clear_v the_o way_n for_o future_a inventor_n man_n seldom_o strive_v for_o mastery_n where_o the_o superiority_n be_v not_o in_o some_o sort_n disputable_a than_o it_o be_v that_o they_o begin_v to_o strive_v according_o as_o soon_o as_o there_o be_v a_o fair_a pretence_n for_o such_o a_o dispute_n there_o be_v not_o want_v those_o who_o soon_o make_v the_o most_o of_o it_o both_o by_o exalt_v their_o own_o performance_n and_o disparage_v every_o thing_n that_o have_v be_v do_v of_o that_o kind_n by_o their_o predecessor_n till_o the_o new_a philosophy_n have_v get_v ground_n in_o the_o world_n this_o be_v do_v very_o spare_o which_o be_v but_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o 40_o or_o 50_o year_n there_o be_v but_o few_o before_o who_o will_v be_v think_v to_o have_v exceed_v the_o ancient_n unless_o it_o be_v some_o few_o physician_n who_o set_v up_o chemical_a method_n of_o practice_n and_o theory_n of_o disease_n found_v upon_o chemical_a notion_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o galenical_a but_o these_o man_n for_o want_v of_o converse_v much_o out_o of_o their_o own_o laboratory_n be_v unable_a to_o maintain_v their_o cause_n to_o the_o general_a conviction_n of_o mankind_n the_o credit_n of_o the_o cure_n which_o they_o wrought_v not_o support_v they_o enough_o against_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o adversary_n soon_o after_o the_o restauration_n of_o king_n charles_n ii_o upon_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n the_o comparative_a excellency_n of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a philosophy_n be_v eager_o debate_v in_o england_n but_o the_o dispute_v then_o manage_v between_o stubbe_n and_o glanvile_n be_v rather_o personal_a relate_v to_o the_o royal_a society_n than_o general_n relate_v to_o knowledge_n in_o its_o utmost_a extent_n in_o france_n this_o controversy_n have_v be_v take_v up_o more_o at_o large_a the_o french_a be_v not_o satisfy_v to_o argue_v the_o point_n in_o philosophy_n and_o mathematics_n but_o even_o in_o poetry_n and_o oratory_n too_o where_o the_o ancient_n have_v the_o general_a prejudice_n of_o the_o learned_a on_o their_o side_n mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr fontenelle_n the_o celebrate_a author_n of_o a_o book_n concern_v the_o plurality_n of_o world_n begin_v the_o dispute_n about_o six_o year_n ago_o in_o a_o little_a discourse_n annex_v to_o his_o pastoral_n he_o be_v something_o shy_a in_o declare_v his_o mind_n at_o least_o in_o arraign_v the_o ancient_n who_o reputation_n be_v already_o establish_v though_o it_o be_v plain_a he_o will_v be_v understand_v to_o give_v the_o modern_n the_o preference_n in_o poetry_n and_o oratory_n as_o well_o as_o in_o philosophy_n and_o mathematics_n his_o book_n be_v receive_v with_o great_a applause_n it_o be_v oppose_v in_o england_n by_o sir_n william_n temple_n who_o in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o his_o miscellanea_fw-la have_v print_v a_o essay_n upon_o this_o very_a subject_n have_v monsieur_n de_fw-fr fontenelle_n discourse_n pass_v unquestioned_a it_o will_v have_v be_v very_o strange_a since_o there_o never_o be_v a_o new_a notion_n start_v in_o the_o world_n but_o some_o be_v find_v who_o do_v as_o eager_o contradict_v it_o the_o opinion_n which_o sir_n william_n temple_n appear_v for_o be_v receive_v by_o so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o
they_o with_o the_o great_a accuracy_n the_o master_n of_o write_v in_o all_o these_o several_a way_n to_o this_o day_n appeal_v to_o the_o ancient_n as_o their_o guide_n and_o still_o fetch_v rule_n from_o they_o for_o the_o art_n of_o write_v homer_n and_o aristotle_n and_o virgil_n and_o horace_n and_o ovid_n and_o terence_n be_v now_o study_v as_o teacher_n not_o bare_o out_o of_o curiosity_n by_o modern_a poet_n so_o likewise_o be_v demosthenes_n aristotle_n tully_n quinctilian_n and_o longinus_n by_o those_o who_o will_v write_v fine_o in_o prose_n so_o that_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o think_v that_o in_o these_o art_n the_o ancient_n may_v have_v outdo_v the_o modern_n though_o neither_o have_v they_o be_v neglect_v in_o these_o late_a age_n in_o which_o we_o have_v see_v extraordinary_a production_n which_o the_o ancient_n themselves_o have_v they_o be_v alive_a will_v not_o have_v be_v ashamed_a of_o if_o this_o be_v so_o as_o i_o very_o believe_v it_o be_v sure_o now_o it_o 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he_o write_v against_o the_o
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several_a more_o there_o will_v have_v be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o excuse_n for_o what_o he_o be_v do_v since_o his_o reader_n be_v accustom_v to_o such_o sort_n of_o reason_v will_v either_o ready_o have_v understand_v they_o or_o acquiesce_v in_o they_o as_o legitimate_a way_n of_o proof_n if_o three_o or_o four_o mathematical_a term_n be_v so_o affright_v how_o will_v those_o learned_a discourse_n of_o steno_n and_o croone_a concern_v muscular_a motion_n have_v move_v they_o how_o much_o will_v they_o have_v be_v amaze_v at_o such_o minute_n calculation_n of_o the_o motive-strength_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o muscle_n in_o the_o several_a general_a sort_n of_o animal_n as_o require_v very_o great_a skill_n in_o geometry_n even_o to_o understand_v they_o which_o be_v make_v by_o borellus_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o animal_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o in_o this_o case_n to_o quote_v a_o say_v or_o two_o out_o of_o some_o great_a man_n among_o the_o ancient_n or_o to_o 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world_n that_o they_o have_v hitherto_o be_v in_o a_o wrong_a path_n and_o that_o nature_n herself_o rather_o than_o her_o secretary_n be_v to_o be_v address_v to_o by_o those_o who_o be_v desirous_a to_o know_v very_o much_o of_o her_o mind_n mounseur_fw-fr des_fw-mi cartes_n who_o come_v soon_o after_o do_v not_o perfect_o tread_v in_o his_o step_n since_o he_o be_v for_o do_v most_o of_o his_o work_n in_o his_o closet_n conclude_v too_o soon_o before_o he_o have_v make_v experiment_n enough_o but_o then_o to_o a_o vast_a genius_n he_o join_v exquisite_a skill_n in_o geometry_n and_o work_v upon_o intelligible_a principle_n in_o a_o intelligible_a manner_n though_o he_o very_o often_o fail_v of_o one_o part_n of_o his_o end_n namely_o a_o right_a explication_n of_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o nature_n yet_o by_o marry_v geometry_n and_o physics_n together_o he_o put_v the_o world_n in_o hope_n of_o a_o masculine_a offspring_n in_o process_n of_o time_n
though_o the_o first_o production_n shall_v prove_v abortive_a this_o be_v the_o state_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n when_o those_o great_a man_n who_o after_o king_n charles_n ii_n restoration_n join_v in_o a_o body_n call_v by_o that_o prince_n himself_o the_o royal_a society_n go_v on_o with_o the_o design_n they_o make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o set_v their_o member_n a_o work_n to_o collect_v a_o perfect_a history_n of_o nature_n in_o order_n to_o establish_v thereupon_o a_o body_n of_o physics_n what_o have_v be_v do_v towards_o it_o by_o the_o member_n of_o that_o illustrious_a body_n will_v be_v evident_a by_o consider_v that_o boil_n barrow_n newton_n huygens_n malpighius_n leeuwenhoek_n willoughby_n willis_n and_o abundance_n more_o already_o name_v among_o the_o great_a advancer_n of_o real_a learning_n have_v belong_v to_o it_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v too_o tedious_a a_o work_n to_o examine_v all_o their_o write_n mr._n boyle_n work_n any_o one_o good_a 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proportion_n wherein_o and_o how_o far_o they_o have_v be_v exceed_v and_o show_v the_o several_a step_n whereby_o this_o sort_n of_o learning_n have_v from_o age_n to_o age_n receive_v improvement_n which_o end_v dispute_n and_o satisfy_v the_o understanding_n at_o once_o chap._n xxvii_o of_o the_o philological_a learning_n of_o the_o modern_n hitherto_o in_o the_o main_a i_o please_v myself_o that_o there_o can_v be_v much_o say_v against_o what_o i_o have_v assert_v though_o i_o have_v all_o along_o take_v care_n not_o to_o speak_v too_o positive_o where_o i_o find_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o easy_a thing_n to_o vindicate_v every_o proposition_n without_o enter_v into_o a_o controversy_n which_o will_v bear_v plausible_a thing_n on_o both_o side_n and_o so_o may_v be_v run_v out_o into_o a_o multitude_n of_o word_n which_o in_o matter_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v very_o tiresome_a but_o there_o be_v other_o part_n of_o learning_n still_o behind_o where_o the_o very_a offering_n to_o 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be_v ridiculous_a but_o whether_o modern_a industry_n may_v not_o have_v be_v able_a to_o discover_v a_o great_a many_o mistake_v in_o the_o assertion_n of_o the_o ancient_n about_o matter_n not_o do_v in_o their_o own_o time_n but_o several_a age_n before_o they_o be_v bear_v for_o the_o ancient_n do_v not_o live_v all_o in_o one_o age_n and_o though_o they_o appear_v all_o under_o one_o denomination_n and_o so_o as_o it_o be_v upon_o a_o level_n like_o thing_n see_v at_o a_o vast_a distance_n to_o we_o who_o be_v very_o remote_a from_o the_o young_a of_o they_o yet_o upon_o a_o near_a view_n they_o will_v be_v find_v very_o remote_a each_o from_o the_o other_o and_o so_o as_o liable_a to_o mistake_v when_o they_o talk_v of_o matter_n not_o transact_v in_o their_o own_o time_n as_o we_o be_v when_o reason_n of_o matter_n of_o fact_n which_o be_v act_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n wherefore_o if_o one_o reflect_v upon_o the_o alteration_n which_o printing_n 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