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A63439 The six voyages of John Baptista Tavernier, Baron of Aubonne through Turky, into Persia and the East-Indies, for the space of forty years : giving an account of the present state of those countries, viz. of the religion, government, customs, and commerce of every country, and the figures, weight, and value of the money currant all over Asia : to which is added A new description of the Seraglio / made English by J.P. ; added likewise, A voyage into the Indies, &c. by an English traveller, never before printed ; publish'd by Dr. Daniel Cox; Six voyages de Jean-Baptiste Tavernier. English Tavernier, Jean-Baptiste, 1605-1689.; Phillips, John, 1631-1706.; Cox, Daniel, Dr. 1677 (1677) Wing T255; ESTC R38194 848,815 637

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caravansera_n and_o government_n of_o the_o caravan_n 45_o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o breed_n nature_n and_o several_a sort_n of_o camel_n 49_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o coin_n and_o money_n of_o persia._n 50_o the_o second_o book_n of_o the_o persian_a travel_n of_o monsieur_n tavernier_n contain_v the_o several_a road_n from_o paris_n to_o ispahan_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o persia_n through_o the_o southern_a province_n of_o turkey_n and_o through_o the_o desert_n chap._n i._n the_o second_o voyage_n of_o the_o author_n from_o paris_n to_o ispahan_n and_o first_o of_o his_o embarking_a at_o marseilles_n for_o alexandretta_n 53_o chap._n ii_o the_o description_n of_o aleppo_n now_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o syria_n 57_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o several_a road_n in_o general_a from_o aleppo_n to_o ispahan_n and_o particular_o of_o the_o road_n through_o the_o great_a desert_n pag._n 60_o chap._n iv_o of_o the_o road_n from_o aleppo_n to_o ispahan_n through_o mesopotamia_n and_o assyria_n which_o i_o travel_v in_o my_o three_o voyage_n to_o the_o indies_n 66_o chap._n v._o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o road_n from_o nineveh_n to_o ispahan_n together_o with_o the_o story_n of_o a_o ambassador_n call_v dominico_n de_fw-mi santis_z 72_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o road_n which_o the_o author_n keep_v when_o he_o travel_v the_o four_o time_n into_o asia_n to_o go_v from_o paris_n to_o ormus_n and_o first_o of_o his_o voyage_n from_o marseilles_n to_o alexandretta_n 78_o chap._n vii_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o road_n which_o the_o author_n keep_v in_o the_o four_o voyage_n into_o asia_n and_o particular_o of_o his_o passage_n upon_o the_o tigris_n from_o nineveh_n to_o babylon_n 82_o chap._n viii_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o road_n from_o bagdat_n to_o balsara_n and_o of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o christian_n of_o st._n john_n 87_o chap._n ix_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o road_n from_o balsara_n to_o ormus_n 94_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o author_n first_o voyage_n and_o the_o adventure_n of_o the_o four_o frenchman_n 95_o the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o persian_a travel_n of_o monsieur_n tavernier_n contain_v the_o author_n six_o and_o last_o voyages_n and_o the_o road_n through_o turkey_n into_o persia_n through_o the_o northern_a province_n of_o europe_n with_o a_o description_n of_o several_a country_n lie_v upon_o the_o black_a and_o caspian_a sea_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o author_n six_o and_o last_o voyage_n from_o his_o set_n out_o of_o paris_n to_o his_o land_n at_o smyrna_n 99_o chap._n ii_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o author_n six_o voyage_n as_o he_o travel_v from_o smyrna_n to_o ispahan_n 102_o chap._n iii_o the_o road_n from_o aleppo_n to_o tauris_n through_o diarbequir_n and_o van._n 103_o chap._n iu_o another_o road_n from_o aleppo_n to_o tauris_n through_o geziré_n and_o other_o place_n 108_o chap._n v._o the_o road_n from_o aleppo_n to_o ispahan_n through_o the_o small_a desert_n and_o through_o kengavar_n 109_o chap._n vi_o another_o road_n from_o constantinople_n to_o ispahan_n by_o the_o euxine_a or_o black_a sea_n with_o some_o remark_n upon_o the_o principal_a city_n there_o about_o 113_o chap._n vii_o the_o road_n from_o warsow_n to_o ispahan_n over_o the_o black_a sea_n and_o from_o ispahan_n to_o moscow_n with_o the_o name_n of_o the_o principal_a city_n and_o island_n of_o turkey_n according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a pronunciation_n as_o they_o be_v call_v in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o turk_n 115_o chap._n viii_o remark_n upon_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o island_n of_o candy_n and_o the_o principal_a isle_n of_o the_o archipelago_n as_o also_o upon_o some_o of_o the_o city_n of_o greece_n adjoin_v with_o a_o particular_a relation_n of_o the_o present_a condition_n of_o the_o grand_a signor_n galley_n belong_v as_o well_o to_o the_o isle_n as_o to_o the_o continent_n 118_o chap._n ix_o a_o relation_n of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o georgia_n 123_o chap._n x._o a_o relation_n of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o mengrelia_n 125_o chap._n xi_o of_o comania_n circassia_n and_o of_o certain_a people_n which_o they_o call_v kalmouche_n 126_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o ceremony_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n of_o comania_n and_o circassia_n 129_o chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o lesser_a tartar_n call_v nogay_n border_v upon_o comania_n 132_o the_o four_o book_n of_o the_o travel_n of_o monsieur_n tavernier_n be_v a_o description_n of_o persia._n chap._n i._o of_o the_o extent_n of_o persia_n and_o its_o division_n into_o province_n 141_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o flower_n and_o fruit_n of_o persia_n of_o turquoise_n and_o pearl_n 144_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o beast_n of_o service_n of_o the_o fish_n and_o fowl_n of_o persia._n 145_o chap._n iv_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o building_n in_o persia._n 147_o chap._n v._o a_o description_n of_o ispahan_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o persia._n 148_o chap._n vi_o of_o zulpha_n a_o city_n separate_v from_o ispahan_n by_o the_o river_n senderou_fw-fr 155_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o persian_n of_o the_o great_a feast_n of_o hocen_n and_o hussein_n and_o the_o camel-feast_n 160_o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o gaur_n the_o relic_n of_o the_o ancient_a persian_n adorer_n of_o fire_n 163_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o armenian_n and_o of_o their_o principal_a ceremony_n and_o how_o the_o armenian_n consecrate_v and_o administer_v the_o sacrament_n 169_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o ordination_n of_o their_o priesthood_n and_o their_o austerity_n 170_o chap._n xi_o of_o their_o baptism_n 171_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o armenian_n 172_o chap._n xiii_o how_o the_o armenian_n bury_v their_o dead_a 173_o chap._n fourteen_o example_n of_o the_o constancy_n of_o the_o armenian_n in_o maintain_v their_o religion_n against_o the_o persecution_n of_o the_o mahometan_n 174_o chap._n xv._o of_o the_o author_n reception_n at_o the_o court_n of_o persia_n in_o his_o six_o and_o last_o voyage_n and_o what_o he_o do_v there_o during_o his_o stay_n at_o ispahan_n 177_o chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o honour_n and_o present_n which_o the_o author_n receive_v from_o the_o king_n of_o persia._n 179_o chap._n xvii_o how_o the_o king_n be_v please_v to_o divertise_v himself_o in_o the_o author_n company_n 181_o the_o five_o book_n of_o the_o persian_a travel_n of_o monsieur_n tavernier_n be_v a_o politic_a and_o historical_a description_n of_o persia_n with_o the_o road_n from_o ispahan_n to_o ormus_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o genealogy_n of_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n of_o the_o last_o race_n 195_o chap._n ii_o of_o certain_a particular_a action_n which_o denote_v the_o virtue_n and_o vice_n of_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n from_o sha-abas_n the_o first_o to_o sha-soliman_n the_o present_a king_n and_o first_o of_o sha-abas_n the_o great_a 202_o chap._n iii_o of_o what_o fall_v out_o most_o memorable_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o sha-sefi_a the_o first_o and_o particular_o of_o the_o death_n of_o iman-kouli-kan_n and_o his_o three_o son_n pag._n 198_o chap._n iu_o the_o tragical_a and_o memorable_a story_n of_o ralph_n sadler_n native_a of_o zurich_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o sha-sefi_a who_o have_v retain_v he_o in_o his_o service_n 207_o chap._n v._o of_o some_o particular_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o sha-abas_n the_o second_o 199_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o misfortune_n of_o mahomet-beg_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o sha-abas_n the_o second_o 212_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o jasque_n a_o vassal_n to_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n in_o the_o reign_v of_o sha-sefi_a the_o first_o and_o sha-abas_n the_o second_o 217_o chap._n viii_o observation_n upon_o the_o reign_n of_o sha-solimon_n the_o present_a king_n 218_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o government_n of_o persia._n 219_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o first_o of_o the_o three_o order_n or_o state_n of_o persia_n which_o comprehend_v the_o king_n household_n the_o khan_n or_o governor_n of_o province_n and_o the_o soldiery_n 221_o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o second_o order_n contain_v all_o those_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n and_o their_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o in_o general_a of_o all_o the_o gownsman_n such_o as_o be_v chief_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o chamber_n of_o account_n 226_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n comprehend_v the_o tradesman_n and_o merchant_n as_o also_o the_o trade_n manufacture_n and_o commodity_n of_o persia._n 229_o chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o justice_n and_o policy_n of_o the_o persian_n 232_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o manner_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o persian_n 234_o chap._n xv._o of_o the_o disease_n of_o persia_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o cure_v they_o 239_o chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o division_n of_o time_n among_o the_o persian_n 240_o chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o feast_n and_o
ordinary_a diet_n of_o the_o persian_n 241_o chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o persian_n 243_o chap._n xix_o of_o the_o death_n and_o burial_n of_o the_o persian_n 244_o chap._n xx._n the_o author_n depart_v from_o ispahan_n to_o ormus_n and_o describe_v the_o road_n to_o schiras_n 245_o chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o city_n of_o schiras_n 247_o chap._n xxii_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o road_n from_o ispahan_n to_o ormus_n from_o schiras_n to_o bander-abassi_a 251_o chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o island_n of_o ormus_n and_o of_o bander-abassi_a 225_o chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o road_n by_o land_n from_o casbin_n to_o ispahan_n to_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n through_o candahar_n 257_o the_o content_n of_o the_o indian_a travel_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o piece_n of_o gold_n silver_n and_o copper_n and_o of_o the_o sort_n of_o shell_n and_o almond_n that_o pass_v for_o money_n over_o all_o asia_n the_o money_n of_o arabia_n pag._n 1_o the_o money_n currant_n under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n 2_o the_o money_n of_o a_o king_n and_o two_o raja_n all_o three_o tributary_n to_o the_o great_a mogul_n 3_o piece_n of_o gold_n call_v pagod_n which_o be_v currant_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o king_n of_o golconda_n the_o king_n of_o visapour_n the_o great_a raja_n of_o carnatica_n the_o raja_n of_o velouche_n and_o at_o the_o diamond_n mine_n 4_o the_o money_n which_o the_o english_a and_o hollander_n coin_n in_o the_o indies_n 5_o the_o money_n of_o the_o king_n of_o cheda_n and_o pera._n 6_o the_o money_n of_o gold_n and_o tin_n of_o the_o king_n of_o achen_n with_o the_o money_n in_o gold_n coin_v by_o the_o king_n of_o macassar_n and_o the_o celebe_n and_o the_o silver_n and_o copper_n money_n of_o the_o king_n of_o camboya_n 7_o the_o money_n in_o gold_n silver_n and_o copper_n of_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n ibid._n the_o gold_n and_o silver_n money_n of_o the_o king_n of_o asem_n tipoura_n arakin_n and_o pegu._n 8_o lump_n or_o piece_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o go_v for_o money_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tunquin_n ibid._n the_o gold_n and_o silver_n money_n of_o japon_n 9_o the_o portraiture_n of_o the_o silver_n ingot_n of_o japon_n which_o go_v for_o money_n ibid._n money_n that_o represent_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o twelve_o sign_n and_o which_o be_v coin_v during_o the_o twenty_o four_o hour_n that_o jehan-guir_n king_n of_o the_o indies_n permit_v queen_n nourmahall_v his_o wife_n to_o reign_v in_o his_o stead_n 10_o the_o gold_n silver_n and_o copper_n money_n which_o the_o portugal_n coin_n in_o the_o east-indies_n 12_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n money_n of_o muscovy_n 13_o the_o first_o book_n of_o the_o indian_a travel_n what_o road_n to_o take_v in_o travel_v from_o ispahan_n to_o agra_n from_o agra_n to_o dehly_a and_o gehanabat_n where_o the_o great_a mogul_n reside_v at_o present_a and_o how_o to_o travel_v also_o to_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n of_o golconda_n to_o the_o king_n of_o visapour_n and_o to_o many_o other_o place_n in_o the_o indies_n chap._n i._n the_o road_n from_o ispahan_n to_o agra_n through_o gomron_n where_o be_v particular_o describe_v the_o manner_n of_o sail_v from_o ormus_n to_o surat_n pag._n 15_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o custom_n money_n exchange_n weight_n and_o measure_n of_o the_o indian_n 17_o chap._n iii_o of_o their_o carriage_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o travel_v in_o india_n 27_o chap._n iu_o the_o road_n from_o surat_n to_o agra_n through_o brampour_n and_o seronge_fw-mi 30_o chap._n v._o the_o road_n from_o surat_n to_o agra_n through_o amadabat_n 36_o chap._n vi_o the_o road_n from_o ispahan_n to_o agra_n through_o candahar_n 43_o chap._n vii_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o same_o road_n from_o deh_o to_o agra_n 48_o chap._n viii_o the_o road_n from_o agra_n to_o patna_n and_o daca_n city_n in_o the_o province_n of_o bengala_n and_o of_o the_o quarrel_n which_o the_o author_n have_v with_o cha-est-kan_n the_o king_n uncle_n 51_o chap._n ix_o the_o road_n from_o surat_n to_o golconda_n 60_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o golconda_n and_o the_o war_n which_o it_o have_v maintain_v for_o some_o few_o year_n last_o pass_v 63_o chap._n xi_o the_o road_n from_o golconda_n to_o maslipatan_n or_o masalipatan_n 69_o chap._n xii_o the_o road_n from_o surat_n to_o goa_n and_z from_z goa_n to_o golconda_n through_o visapour_n 71_o chap._n xiii_o observation_n upon_o the_o present_a state_n of_o the_o city_n of_o goa_n 74_o chap._n fourteen_o what_o the_o author_n do_v during_o his_o stay_n at_o goa_n the_o last_o time_n he_o go_v thither_o in_o the_o year_n 1648._o 78_o chap._n xv._o the_o story_n of_o father_n ephraim_n and_o how_o he_o be_v put_v into_o the_o inquisition_n at_o goa_n by_o a_o surprisal_n 85_o chap._n xvi_o the_o road_n from_o goa_n to_o maslipatan_n through_o cochin_n here_o describe_v in_o the_o story_n of_o the_o take_n of_o that_o city_n by_o the_o hollander_n 88_o chap._n xvii_o the_o passage_n by_o sea_n from_o ormus_n to_o maslipatan_n 90_o chap._n xviii_o the_o road_n from_o maslipatan_n to_o gondicot_n a_o city_n and_o garrison_n in_o the_o province_n of_o carnatica_n and_o of_o the_o deal_n which_o the_o author_n have_v with_o mirgimola_n who_o command_v the_o king_n of_o golconda_n army_n with_o a_o discourse_n at_o large_a concern_v elephant_n 91_o chap._n xix_o the_o road_n from_o gondicot_n to_o golconda_n 100_o chap._n xx._n the_o author_n return_n from_o surat_n to_o ormus_n 105_o the_o second_o book_n of_o the_o indian_a travel_n contain_v a_o historical_a and_o political_a description_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n chap._n i._n a_o relation_n of_o the_o last_o war_n of_o indostan_n which_o give_v a_o insight_n into_o the_o present_a estate_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o court_n of_o the_o mogul_n 106_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o sickness_n and_o suppose_a death_n of_o cha-jehan_a king_n of_o india_n and_o the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o prince_n his_o son_n pag._n 108_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o cha-jehan_a and_o how_o he_o be_v punish_v by_o aurenge-zebe_a his_o three_o son_n for_o the_o injustice_n he_o have_v do_v prince_n boulaki_n his_o nephew_n the_o grand_a child_n of_o jehan-guir_n to_o who_o as_o to_o the_o son_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n the_o empire_n of_o the_o mogul_n belong_v 111_o chap._n iv_o of_o the_o flight_n of_o dara-cha_a to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scindi_fw-la and_o guzerat_n of_o the_o second_o battle_n which_o he_o fight_v against_o aurenge-zebe_a his_o be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o death_n 114_o chap._n v._o how_o aurenge-zebe_a cause_v himself_o to_o be_v declare_v king_n and_o of_o the_o flight_n of_o sultan-sujah_a 116_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o sultan-mahomed_n aurenge-zebe's_a elder_a son_n and_o of_o sultan_n soliman-chekour_a elder_a son_n of_o dara-cha_a 117_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o beginning_n of_o aurenge-zebe's_a reign_n and_o the_o death_n of_o cha-jehan_a his_o father_n 120_o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o preparation_n against_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n when_o he_o be_v weigh_v solemn_o every_o year_n of_o the_o richness_n of_o his_o throne_n and_o the_o magnificence_n of_o his_o court_n 122_o chap._n ix_o some_o other_o observation_n upon_o the_o court_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n 124_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o commodity_n which_o be_v bring_v as_o well_o out_o of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n as_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o golconda_n and_o visapour_n and_o other_o neighbour_a territory_n 126_o chap._n xi_o of_o diamond_n and_o the_o mine_n and_o river_n where_o they_o be_v find_v and_o first_o of_o the_o author_n journey_n to_o the_o mine_n of_o raolconda_n 134_o chap._n xii_o the_o author_n journey_n to_o the_o other_o mine_n and_o how_o they_o find_v the_o diamond_n there_o 137_o chap._n xiii_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o author_n travel_n to_o the_o diamond_n mine_n 139_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o diversity_n of_o weight_n use_v at_o the_o diamond_n mine_n of_o the_o piece_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n there_o currant_n and_o the_o rule_n which_o they_o observe_v to_o know_v the_o price_n of_o diamond_n 140_o chap._n xv._o the_o rule_n to_o know_v the_o just_a price_n and_o value_n of_o a_o diamond_n of_o what_o weight_n soever_o from_o three_o to_o a_o hundred_o and_o upward_o a_o secret_a know_v to_o very_a few_o people_n in_o europe_n 142_o chap._n xvi_o of_o colour_a stone_n and_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v find_v 137_o chap._n xvii_o of_o pearl_n and_o the_o place_n where_o they_o fish_n for_o they_o 145_o chap._n xviii_o how_o the_o pearl_n be_v breed_v in_o the_o oyster_n and_o how_o they_o fish_n for_o they_o and_o at_o what_o
be_v officer_n pay_v by_o the_o king_n and_o never_o work_v unless_o they_o please_v themselves_o command_v all_o that_o be_v under_o their_o jurisdiction_n as_o for_o carpenter_n and_o joiner_n work_n the_o persian_n know_v little_a what_o belong_v to_o it_o which_o proceed_v from_o the_o scarcity_n of_o wood_n that_o do_v not_o allow_v they_o material_n to_o work_n upon_o so_o that_o for_o chair_n table_n and_o bedstead_n there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n to_o be_v see_v in_o persia_n the_o joiner_n business_n be_v only_o to_o make_v door_n and_o frames_n for_o window_n which_o they_o make_v very_o neat_o of_o several_a piece_n of_o wood_n join_v together_o so_o that_o a_o man_n can_v hardly_o put_v a_o tennis_n ball_n through_o the_o hole_n where_o they_o put_v the_o glass_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v expect_v that_o the_o persian_n shall_v work_v like_o other_o european_n have_v no_o other_o tool_n than_o a_o hatchet_n a_o saw_n and_o a_o chisel_n and_o one_o sort_n of_o plain_a which_o a_o frenchman_n bring_v among_o they_o their_o noble_a art_n be_v write_v for_o printer_n they_o know_v none_o all_o their_o book_n be_v write_v which_o be_v the_o reason_n they_o so_o much_o esteem_v that_o art_n there_o be_v a_o armenian_a who_o have_v set_v up_o a_o printing-press_n at_o ispahan_n and_o have_v print_v the_o epistle_n of_o st._n paul_n the_o seven_o penitential_a psalm_n and_o be_v go_v about_o to_o print_v the_o whole_a bible_n but_o not_o have_v the_o way_n of_o make_v good_a ink_n and_o to_o avoid_v the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o the_o invention_n he_o be_v force_v to_o break_v his_o press_n for_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o child_n refuse_v to_o learn_v to_o write_v pretend_v they_o write_v the_o bible_n themselves_o only_o to_o get_v it_o the_o soon_o by_o heart_n on_o the_o other_o side_n many_o person_n be_v undo_v by_o it_o that_o get_v their_o live_n by_o writing_n the_o persian_n use_v three_o sort_n of_o hand_n the_o first_o be_v call_v nestalick_a or_o the_o set-hand_n the_o second_o shakeste_n or_o divanni_n which_o be_v their_o court-hand_n the_o three_o neskre_n or_o the_o running-hand_n very_o like_o the_o arabic_a they_o write_v with_o small_a indian_a reed_n and_o say_v that_o to_o write_v well_o a_o man_n ought_v to_o lean_v so_o slight_o upon_o his_o pen_n that_o shall_v a_o fly_v stand_v upon_o the_o other_o end_v it_o will_v fall_v out_o of_o his_o hand_n when_o they_o write_v they_o hold_v their_o paper_n in_o one_o hand_n to_o turn_v it_o according_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o pen_n otherwise_o they_o can_v not_o make_v their_o dash_v large_a and_o free_a as_o the_o character_n require_v they_o make_v their_o paper_n of_o cotton_n fustian_n very_a course_n brown_a and_o of_o no_o strength_n for_o the_o least_o fould_a tear_n it_o they_o sleek_v it_o with_o a_o sleek_a stone_n and_o then_o rub_v it_o over_o to_o make_v it_o more_o sleek_a their_o ink_n be_v make_v of_o gall_n and_o charcoal_n pound_v together_o with_o soot_n the_o persian_n reckon_v four_o language_n among_o '_o they_o the_o persian_a call_v belick_n that_o be_v sweet_a and_o please_a the_o turkish_a call_v sciascet_fw-la or_o the_o rodomontado_n language_n the_o arabian_a to_o which_o they_o give_v the_o epithet_n of_o feschish_n or_o eloquent_a and_o the_o four_o call_v cobahet_n or_o the_o speech_n of_o the_o country_n people_n the_o persian_a in_o use_n among_o the_o gentry_n be_v compose_v almost_o of_o all_o arabic_a word_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o persian_a be_v very_o barren_a but_o the_o gibberish_n of_o the_o country_n people_n be_v so_o corrupt_a that_o they_o in_o the_o city_n can_v hardly_o understand_v '_o they_o the_o arabian_a be_v the_o language_n of_o the_o learned_a in_o which_o tongue_n their_o book_n be_v write_v the_o language_n of_o the_o court_n be_v turkish_a but_o much_o more_o soft_a and_o elegant_a then_o at_o constantinople_n as_o for_o the_o persian_a language_n it_o be_v speak_v in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n and_o the_o king_n of_o golconda_n and_o visapour_n in_o all_o which_o court_v a_o noble_a man_n will_v take_v it_o for_o a_o affront_n to_o be_v speak_v to_o in_o the_o indian_a language_n as_o for_o their_o painter_n they_o only_o paint_v in_o miniature_n and_o for_o bird_n and_o flower_n they_o will_v draw_v they_o indifferent_o well_o but_o for_o figure_n and_o story_n they_o know_v not_o what_o belong_v to_o any_o such_o thing_n the_o persian_n be_v most_o excellent_a artist_n for_o manufacture_n of_o gold_n silk_n and_o silver_n of_o which_o their_o rich_a carpet_n and_o tissue_n be_v make_v nor_o do_v their_o gold_n and_o silver_n manufacture_n ever_o grow_v black_a or_o loose_a their_o lustre_n by_o long_a wear_n or_o lie_v by_o there_o be_v abundance_n that_o work_n in_o silk_n stuff_v of_o all_o sort_n and_o other_o that_o make_v bonnet_n and_o girdle_n of_o gold_n and_o silk_n other_o there_o be_v who_o business_n it_o be_v to_o fasten_v flower_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o their_o taffata_n with_o gum_n water_n of_o which_o the_o woman_n make_v shift_n and_o drawer_n and_o now_o they_o begin_v to_o make_v such_o large_a quantity_n of_o taffata_n that_o they_o care_v not_o for_o the_o stuff_n which_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o india_n though_o they_o be_v much_o fine_a they_o also_o make_v great_a quantity_n of_o linen_n cloth_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o colour_n upon_o which_o they_o fasten_v several_a flower_n with_o gum_n water_n and_o some_o figure_n though_o the_o law_n forbid_v it_o which_o they_o learn_v to_o do_v upon_o the_o armenian_n carry_v out_o of_o europe_n some_o ill-favoured_a cut_n and_o piece_n in_o distemper_n which_o they_o buy_v here_o without_o judgement_n these_o piece_n they_o hang_v before_o their_o door_n and_o those_o hollow_a place_n in_o the_o wall_n where_o they_o put_v their_o quilt_n and_o carpet_n when_o they_o rise_v the_o persian_n be_v excellent_a artist_n at_o damasque_a with_o vitriol_n or_o engrave_v damask-wise_a upon_o sword_n knife_n and_o the_o like_a but_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o steel_n which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o very_o much_o contribute_v to_o their_o art_n in_o regard_n they_o can_v perform_v the_o same_o work_n neither_o upon_o their_o own_o nor_o we_o this_o steel_n be_v bring_v from_o golconda_n and_o be_v the_o only_a sort_n of_o steel_n which_o can_v be_v damasked_a for_o when_o the_o workman_n put_v it_o in_o the_o fire_n he_o need_v no_o more_o than_o to_o give_v it_o the_o redness_n of_o a_o cherry_n and_o instead_o of_o quench_v it_o in_o the_o water_n as_o we_o do_v to_o wrap_v it_o in_o a_o moist_a linen_n cloth_n for_o shall_v he_o give_v it_o the_o same_o heat_n as_o to_o we_o it_o will_v grow_v so_o hard_o that_o when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v wrought_v it_o will_v break_v like_o glass_n i_o speak_v this_o to_o undeceive_v those_o people_n who_o think_v our_o scimitar_n and_o cut-lass_n be_v make_v of_o steel_n of_o damascus_n which_o be_v a_o vulgar_a error_n there_o be_v no_o steel_n but_o that_o of_o golconda_n that_o can_v be_v damask_a the_o persian_n be_v also_o excellent_a artist_n at_o make_v bow_n and_o arrow_n and_o such_o other_o weapon_n as_o be_v use_v in_o that_o country_n as_o for_o bridle_n and_o saddle_n their_o artist_n far_o exceed_v we_o especial_o in_o their_o sow_v which_o they_o do_v so_o neat_o and_o with_o so_o much_o art_n with_o a_o kind_n of_o backstitch_n that_o it_o look_v almost_o like_o a_o embroidery_n there_o be_v a_o infinite_a number_n that_o live_v by_o dress_v seal-skin_n and_o goatskin_n the_o first_o to_o make_v boot_n for_o the_o gentry_n and_o better_a sort_n of_o merchant_n the_o latter_a for_o the_o poor_a people_n there_o be_v also_o a_o sort_n of_o earthen_a ware_n make_v at_o kerman_n which_o be_v very_o fine_a and_o be_v break_v look_n as_o white_z within_z as_o without_z it_o do_v not_o endure_v hear_v so_o well_o as_o porcelain_n which_o have_v this_o quality_n that_o if_o you_o pour_v never_o so_o hot_a liquor_n into_o a_o porcelain_n cup_n neither_o the_o foot_n nor_o the_o brim_n atop_o will_v be_v any_o thing_n the_o warm_a there_o be_v abundance_n of_o poor_a people_n that_o get_v their_o live_n by_o mend_v glass_n tobacco-pipe_n for_o when_o they_o be_v break_v they_o join_v they_o together_o again_o with_o a_o certain_a mastic_n make_v of_o lime_n and_o the_o white_a of_o a_o egg_n then_o with_o a_o diamond-pointed_n pierce_a they_o make_v hole_n in_o the_o glass_n and_o bind_v the_o piece_n together_o with_o a_o thin_a latten-wire_n the_o most_o considerable_a commodity_n of_o persia_n be_v the_o silk_n which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o guilan_n but_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o transport_v out_o of_o persia_n as_o
time_n 146_o chap._n xix_o observation_n upon_o the_o fair_a and_o large_a diamond_n and_o ruby_n which_o the_o author_n have_v see_v in_o europe_n and_o asia_n represent_v according_a to_o the_o figure_n in_o the_o plate_n as_o also_o upon_o those_o which_o the_o author_n sell_v to_o the_o king_n upon_o his_o last_o return_n from_o the_o indies_n with_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o large_a topaz_n and_o the_o fair_a pearl_n in_o the_o world_n 148_o chap._n xx._n the_o form_n of_o twenty_o ruby_n which_o the_o author_n sell_v to_o the_o king_n upon_o his_o last_o return_n from_o the_o indies_n the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o plate_n show_v the_o weight_n extent_n and_o thickness_n of_o every_o stone_n 149_o chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o coral_n and_o yellow_a ember_n and_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v find_v 151_o chap._n xxii_o of_o musk_n and_o bezoar_n and_o some_o other_o medicinal_a stone_n 153_o chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o find_v their_o gold_n both_o in_o asia_n and_o america_n 156_o chap._n xxiv_o the_o relation_n of_o a_o notable_a piece_n of_o treachery_n whereby_o the_o author_n be_v abuse_v when_o he_o embark_a at_o gomrom_n for_o surat_n 157_o the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o indian_a travel_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o particular_a religion_n of_o the_o mahometan_n in_o the_o east-indies_n pag._n 159_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o faquir_n or_o poor_a mahometan_a volunteer_n in_o the_o east-indies_n 160_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o gentile_n or_o idolatrous_a indian_n 161_o chap._n iv_o of_o the_o king_n and_o idolatrous_a prince_n of_o asia_n 163_o chap._n v._o what_o the_o idolater_n believe_v touch_v a_o divinity_n 164_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o faquir_n or_o poor_a volunteer_n among_o the_o indian_n and_o of_o their_o penance_n 165_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o idolater_n belief_n touch_v the_o state_n of_o the_o soul_n after_o death_n 167_o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o custom_n among_o the_o idolater_n to_o burn_v the_o body_n of_o their_o dead_a 168_o chap._n ix_o how_o the_o wife_n be_v burn_v in_o india_n with_o the_o body_n of_o their_o decease_a husband_n 169_o chap._n x._o remarkable_a story_n of_o woman_n that_o have_v be_v burn_v after_o their_o husband_n decease_n 171_o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o most_o celebrate_a pagod_n of_o the_o idolater_n in_o india_n 173_o chap._n xii_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o description_n of_o the_o principal_a pagod_n of_o the_o indian_a idolater_n 177_o chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o pilgrimage_n of_o the_o idolater_n to_o their_o pagod_n 179_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o divers_a custom_n of_o the_o indian_a idolater_n ibid._n chap._n xv._o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o boutan_n whence_o come_v the_o musk_n the_o good_a rhubarb_n and_o some_o fur_n 182_o chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o eipra_n 186_o chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o asem_n 187_o chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n 189_o chap._n xix_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o macassar_n and_o the_o ambassador_n which_o the_o hollander_n send_v into_o china_n 191_o chap._n xx._n the_o author_n pursue_v his_o travel_n into_o the_o east_n and_o embark_v at_o mengrelia_n for_o batavia_n the_o danger_n he_o be_v in_o upon_o the_o sea_n and_o his_o arrival_n in_o the_o island_n of_o ceylan_n 194_o chap._n xxi_o the_o author_n departure_n from_o ceylan_n and_o his_o arrival_n at_o batavia_n 195_o chap._n xxii_o the_o author_n go_v to_o visit_v the_o king_n of_o bantam_n and_o relate_v several_a adventure_n upon_o that_o occasion_n 196_o chap._n xxiii_o the_o author_n return_n to_o batavia_n his_o revisit_v the_o king_n of_o bantam_n and_o a_o relation_n of_o several_a extravagancy_n of_o certain_a faquir_n in_o their_o return_n from_o mecca_n 199_o chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o war_n of_o the_o hollander_n with_o the_o emperor_n of_o java_n 202_o chap._n xxv_o the_o author_n bury_v his_o brother_n and_o be_v again_o quarrel_v withal_o by_o the_o general_n and_o his_o council_n 203_o chap._n xxvi_o the_o author_n embark_v in_o a_o dutch_a vessel_n to_o return_v into_o europe_n 204_o chap._n xxvii_o the_o holland_n fleet_n arrive_v at_o st._n helen_n the_o description_n of_o the_o island_n 207_o the_o first_o book_n of_o monsieur_fw-fr tavernier_n persian_a travel_n contain_v the_o several_a road_n from_o paris_n to_o ispahan_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o persia_n through_o the_o northern_a province_n of_o turkey_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o road_n from_o france_n to_o the_o hither_o part_n of_o asia_n and_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o usual_o set_v out_o for_o ispahan_n a_o man_n can_v travel_v in_o asia_n as_o they_o do_v in_o europe_n nor_o at_o the_o same_o hour_n nor_o with_o the_o same_o ease_n there_o be_v no_o weekly_a coach_n or_o wagon_n from_o town_n to_o town_n beside_o that_o the_o soil_n of_o the_o country_n be_v of_o several_a nature_n in_o asia_n you_o shall_v meet_v with_o several_a region_n untilled_a and_o unpeopled_a either_o through_o the_o badness_n of_o the_o climate_n and_o soil_n or_o the_o sloth_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o rather_o choose_v to_o live_v miserable_o than_o to_o work_v there_o be_v vast_a desert_n to_o cross_v and_o very_o dangerous_a both_o for_o want_v of_o water_n and_o the_o robbery_n that_o the_o arab_n daily_o commit_v therein_o there_o be_v no_o certain_a stage_n or_o inn_n to_o entertain_v traveller_n the_o best_a inn_n especial_o in_o turkey_n be_v the_o tent_n which_o you_o carry_v along_o with_o you_o and_o your_o host_n be_v your_o servant_n that_o get_v ready_a those_o victual_n which_o you_o have_v buy_v in_o good_a to_n you_o set_v up_o your_o tent_n in_o the_o open_a field_n or_o in_o any_o town_n where_o there_o be_v no_o inn_n and_o a_o good_a shift_n too_o in_o temperate_a weather_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v not_o too_o hot_a or_o that_o it_o do_v not_o rain_n in_o the_o carvansera_n or_o inns_n which_o be_v more_o frequent_a in_o persia_n than_o in_o turkey_n there_o be_v person_n that_o furnish_v you_o with_o provision_n and_o the_o first_o come_v be_v best_a serve_v as_o for_o turkey_n it_o be_v full_a of_o thief_n that_o keep_v in_o troop_n together_o and_o waylay_v the_o merchant_n upon_o the_o road_n and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o very_o well_o guard_v will_v certain_o rob_v they_o nay_o many_o time_n murder_v they_o a_o mischief_n prevent_v in_o persia_n by_o the_o well_o order_v convenience_n which_o be_v provide_v for_o traveller_n to_o avoid_v these_o danger_n and_o inconvenience_n you_o be_v oblige_v to_o stay_v for_o the_o caravan_n that_o go_v for_o persia_n or_o the_o indies_n which_o never_o set_v out_o but_o at_o certain_a time_n and_o from_o certain_a place_n these_o caravan_n set_v out_o from_o constantinople_n smyrna_n and_o aleppo_n and_o it_o be_v from_o one_o of_o these_o city_n that_o a_o traveller_n must_v set_v out_o that_o intend_v for_o persia_n whether_o he_o keep_v company_n with_o the_o caravan_n or_o will_v hazard_v himself_o alone_o 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ragusa_n from_o ragusa_n you_o sail_v along_o by_o the_o shore_n to_o durazzo_n a_o seaport_n of_o albania_n from_o whence_o you_o travel_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o way_n by_o land_n from_o durazzo_n to_o albanopolis_n distant_a three_o day_n journey_n from_o thence_o to_o monestier_n just_a as_o far_o from_o monestier_n you_o may_v either_o take_v the_o left_a hand_n through_o sophia_n and_o philippopolis_n or_o the_o right_n through_o inguischer_n three_o day_n journey_n from_o monestier_n and_o ten_o from_o adrianople_n from_o whence_o in_o five_o day_n you_o reach_v constantinople_n through_o seliurea_n this_o last_o way_n be_v part_n by_o sea_n and_o part_n by_o land_n but_o there_o be_v two_o other_o way_n altogether_o by_o land_n above_o and_o below_o italy_n according_a to_o the_o distinction_n which_o antiquity_n make_v of_o the_o two_o sea_n that_o
be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o boy_n and_o servant_n to_o guide_v the_o ship_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n beside_o they_o have_v the_o picture_n of_o a_o bark_n which_o they_o say_v belong_v to_o the_o angel_n becan_n who_o god_n send_v to_o visit_v the_o sun_n and_o moon_n to_o see_v whither_o they_o move_v right_a or_o no_o and_o keep_v close_o to_o their_o duty_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o other_o world_n and_o life_n to_o come_v they_o believe_v there_o be_v no_o other_o world_n but_o where_o angel_n and_o devil_n the_o soul_n of_o good_a and_o bad_a reside_v that_o in_o that_o world_n there_o be_v city_n house_n and_o church_n and_o that_o the_o evil_a spirit_n have_v also_o church_n where_o they_o pray_v sing_v and_o rejoice_v upon_o instrument_n and_o feast_v as_o in_o this_o world_n that_o when_o any_o one_o lie_v at_o the_o point_n of_o death_n three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o demon_n come_v and_o carry_v his_o soul_n to_o a_o place_n full_a of_o serpent_n dog_n lion_n tiger_n and_o devil_n who_o if_o it_o be_v the_o soul_n of_o a_o wicked_a man_n tear_v it_o in_o piece_n but_o be_v the_o soul_n of_o a_o just_a man_n it_o creep_v under_o the_o belly_n of_o those_o creature_n into_o the_o presence_n of_o god_n who_o sit_v in_o his_o seat_n of_o majesty_n to_o judge_v the_o world_n that_o there_o be_v angel_n also_o that_o weigh_v the_o soul_n of_o man_n in_o a_o balance_n who_o be_v think_v worthy_a be_v admit_v immediate_o into_o glory_n that_o the_o angel_n and_o devil_n be_v male_a and_o female_a and_o beget_v child_n that_o the_o angel_n gabriel_n be_v the_o son_n of_o god_n engender_v upon_o light_n and_o that_o he_o have_v a_o daughter_n call_v souret_n who_o have_v two_o son_n that_o the_o angel_n gabriel_n have_v several_a legion_n of_o demon_n under_o he_o who_o be_v instead_o of_o soldier_n and_o other_o that_o be_v his_o officer_n of_o justice_n who_o he_o send_v from_o town_n to_o town_n and_o from_o city_n to_o city_n to_o punish_v the_o 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to_o bring_v up_o that_o he_o die_v a_o natural_a death_n but_o that_o he_o command_v his_o disciple_n to_o crucify_v he_o after_o his_o death_n that_o he_o may_v be_v like_o christ._n last_o that_o he_o die_v in_o the_o city_n of_o fuster_n and_o that_o he_o be_v bury_v in_o a_o crystal_n tomb_n bring_v by_o miracle_n to_o the_o city_n and_o that_o this_o sepulchre_n be_v in_o a_o certain_a house_n near_o the_o river_n jordan_n they_o high_o honour_v the_o cross_n and_o sign_n themselves_o with_o it_o but_o they_o be_v very_o careful_a of_o let_v the_o turk_n observe_v they_o and_o during_o their_o ceremony_n they_o set_v a_o watch_n at_o their_o church_n door_n for_o fear_v the_o turk_n shall_v enter_v and_o lay_v some_o unjust_a fine_a upon_o they_o when_o they_o have_v adore_v the_o cross_n they_o take_v it_o in_o two_o piece_n which_o they_o never_o put_v together_o again_o till_o their_o service_n rebegin_v the_o reason_n why_o they_o so_o adore_v the_o cross_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o a_o book_n which_o they_o have_v entitle_v the_o divan_n where_o it_o be_v write_v that_o every_o day_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n the_o angel_n take_v the_o cross_n and_o put_v it_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o receive_v his_o light_n from_o it_o as_o the_o moon_n also_o do_v she_o they_o add_v that_o in_o the_o same_o book_n be_v picture_v two_o ship_n one_o of_o which_o be_v name_v the_o sun_n the_o other_o the_o moon_n and_o tha●_n in_o every_o one_o of_o these_o ship_n there_o be_v a_o cross_n full_a of_o bell_n and_o moreover_o that_o if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o cross_n in_o those_o two_o ship_n the_o sun_n and_o moon_n will_v be_v deprive_v of_o light_n and_o the_o ship_n will_v suffer_v shipwreck_n their_o chief_a festival_n be_v three_o the_o one_o in_o winter_n that_o last_v three_o day_n in_o memory_n of_o our_o first_o parent_n and_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n the_o other_o in_o the_o month_n of_o august_n that_o also_o last_v three_o day_n which_o be_v call_v the_o feast_n of_o st._n john_n the_o three_o which_o last_v five_o day_n in_o june_n during_o which_o time_n they_o be_v all_o rebaptised_a they_o observe_v sunday_n do_v no_o work_n upon_o that_o day_n they_o neither_o fast_v nor_o do_v any_o penance_n they_o have_v no_o canonical_a book_n but_o a_o great_a number_n of_o other_o that_o treat_v of_o nothing_o but_o witchcraft_n in_o which_o they_o believe_v their_o priest_n to_o be_v very_o crafty_a and_o that_o the_o devil_n be_v at_o their_o beck_n they_o hold_v all_o woman_n to_o be_v unclean_a and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o at_o all_o available_a for_o they_o to_o come_v to_o the_o church_n they_o have_v one_o ceremony_n which_o they_o call_v the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o hen_n of_o which_o they_o make_v great_a account_n which_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o to_o perform_v but_o a_o priest_n bear_v of_o a_o virgin_n at_o the_o time_n of_o her_o marriage_n when_o a_o hen_n be_v to_o be_v kill_v the_o priest_n put_v off_o his_o ordinary_a habit_n and_o put_v on_o a_o linen_n cloth_n gird_v his_o waste_n with_o a_o second_o and_o throw_v a_o three_o about_o his_o shoulder_n like_o a_o steal_v then_o he_o take_v the_o fowl_n and_o plunge_v it_o in_o the_o water_n to_o make_v it_o clean_o after_o which_o he_o turn_v towards_o the_o east_n and_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n hold_v the_o body_n in_o his_o hand_n till_o it_o have_v bleed_v out_o all_o the_o blood_n while_o the_o hen_n bleed_v with_o his_o eye_n lift_v up_o to_o heaven_n as_o if_o he_o be_v in_o a_o ecstasy_n he_o repeat_v in_o his_o own_o language_n these_o word_n follow_v in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n may_v this_o flesh_n be_v profitable_a to_o all_o that_o eat_v of_o it_o they_o observe_v the_o same_o ceremony_n when_o they_o kill_v sheep_n for_o first_o they_o cleanse_v the_o place_n very_o careful_o where_o the_o sheep_n be_v to_o be_v kill_v wash_v it_o with_o water_n and_o strew_v it_o with_o bough_n nor_o be_v the_o number_n of_o people_n small_a that_o assist_v at_o this_o ceremony_n as_o if_o it_o be_v at_o some_o solemn_a sacrifice_n if_o you_o ask_v they_o why_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o the_o laity_n to_o kill_v fowl_n they_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v no_o more_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o kill_v than_o to_o consecrate_v they_o and_o that_o be_v all_o the_o reason_n which_o they_o bring_v they_o eat_v of_o nothing_o dress_v by_o the_o turk_n and_o if_o a_o turk_n ask_v they_o for_o drink_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v drink_v they_o break_v the_o cup._n and_o to_o make_v the_o turk_n more_o hateful_a they_o picture_n mahomet_n like_o a_o great_a giant_n shut_v up_o in_o prison_n in_o hell_n with_o four_o more_o of_o his_o parent_n and_o they_o say_v that_o all_o the_o turk_n be_v carry_v into_o the_o same_o place_n full_a of_o wild_a beast_n to_o be_v there_o devour_v they_o pretend_v all_o to_o salvation_n for_o say_v they_o after_o the_o angel_n gabriel_n have_v frame_v the_o world_n by_o the_o command_n of_o god_n he_o thus_o discourse_v he_o lord_n god_n say_v he_o behold_v i_o have_v build_v the_o world_n as_o thou_o do_v command_v i_o it_o have_v put_v i_o to_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o trouble_n and_o my_o brethren_n also_o to_o raise_v such_o high_a mountain_n that_o seem_v to_o sustain_v heaven_n and_o who_o indeed_o be_v able_a to_o make_v way_n for_o river_n through_o mountain_n without_o vast_a labour_n and_o to_o give_v every_o thing_n its_o proper_a place_n moreover_o great_a god_n by_o the_o aid_n of_o thy_o powerful_a arm_n we_o have_v bring_v the_o world_n to_o so_o much_o perfection_n that_o
he_o die_v a_o most_o torment_a death_n his_o successor_n be_v sha-glochtes_a he_o also_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n begin_v to_o persecute_v the_o little_a infant_n who_o now_o begin_v to_o increase_v in_o year_n and_o virtue_n the_o king_n imprison_v he_o but_o he_o be_v astonish_v when_o he_o hear_v that_o one_o of_o his_o horse_n which_o he_o always_o confide_v in_o when_o he_o go_v to_o battle_n as_o be_v assure_v of_o victory_n when_o he_o ride_v he_o have_v lose_v his_o four_o leg_n thereupon_o wise_a than_o his_o predecessor_n and_o acknowledge_v from_o whence_o so_o dire_a a_o correction_n proceed_v he_o send_v for_o the_o prophet_n out_o of_o prison_n ask_v pardon_n for_o his_o incredulity_n and_o pray_v he_o by_o his_o intercession_n to_o restore_v his_o horse_n his_o leg_n again_o the_o prophet_n willing_a to_o do_v he_o that_o favour_n pray_v to_o god_n four_o time_n and_o every_o time_n he_o pray_v one_o leg_n return_v to_o the_o horse_n again_o the_o king_n behold_v such_o a_o miracle_n be_v half_o convert_v but_o be_v desirous_a to_o be_v far_o convince_v he_o desire_v the_o prophet_n to_o throw_v himself_o into_o a_o bath_n of_o melt_a silver_n which_o he_o will_v provide_v for_o he_o promise_v if_o he_o come_v out_o safe_a that_o he_o and_o all_o his_o people_n will_v receive_v he_o as_o one_o send_v from_o god_n and_o be_v obedient_a to_o his_o precept_n in_o all_o thing_n the_o prophet_n resolute_o undertake_v his_o offer_n and_o the_o bath_n be_v ready_a cast_v himself_o fearless_o into_o it_o and_o as_o he_o go_v in_o so_o he_o come_v out_o without_o the_o least_o harm_n then_o the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o people_n that_o be_v present_a adore_v he_o for_o a_o real_a prophet_n and_o give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o zer-ateucht_a or_o wash_v in_o silver_n the_o prophet_n perceive_v that_o all_o the_o people_n have_v he_o in_o so_o much_o veneration_n withdraw_v himself_o and_o will_v not_o be_v see_v any_o more_o nor_o do_v they_o just_o know_v what-became_a of_o he_o which_o make_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o gaur_n believe_v that_o he_o be_v take_v up_o into_o paradise_n both_o soul_n and_o body_n together_o other_o say_v that_o have_v find_v a_o iron_n coffin_n upon_o the_o road_n near_o bagdat_n he_o put_v himself_o into_o it_o and_o be_v carry_v into_o heaven_n by_o the_o angel_n they_o allow_v their_o prophet_n three_o child_n who_o be_v not_o yet_o come_v into_o the_o world_n though_o their_o name_n be_v already_o give_v they_o they_o say_v that_o this_o prophet_n ebrahim_n walk_v one_o time_n upon_o the_o river_n without_o a_o boat_n three_o drop_n of_o his_o nature_n fall_v from_o he_o upon_o the_o water_n which_o be_v still_o preserve_v there_o that_o their_o god_n will_v send_v a_o virgin_n very_o much_o belove_v by_o he_o upon_o the_o same_o river_n who_o by_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o first_o drop_n shall_v become_v big_a of_o the_o first_o child_n who_o they_o call_v beforehand_o ouchider_v 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shall_v all_o the_o mountain_n and_o all_o the_o mineral_n in_o the_o world_n be_v melt_v and_o shall_v fill_v up_o the_o great_a chaos_n of_o hell_n whereby_o the_o mansion_n of_o the_o devil_n shall_v be_v utter_o destroy_v after_o this_o the_o world_n shall_v be_v level_v and_o be_v make_v fit_a to_o inhabit_v and_o man_n shall_v have_v every_o one_o their_o apartment_n answerable_a to_o the_o degree_n and_o quantity_n of_o the_o good_a which_o they_o do_v in_o their_o life_n time_n but_o that_o their_o chief_a delight_n shall_v be_v to_o behold_v and_o praise_n god_n and_o ebrahim_n their_o prophet_n they_o add_v that_o before_o the_o resurrection_n those_o that_o be_v in_o paradise_n do_v not_o behold_v the_o face_n of_o god_n no_o not_o the_o angel_n themselves_o except_o only_o one_o who_o be_v always_o attendant_a on_o he_o to_o receive_v and_o execute_v his_o command_n they_o also_o say_v that_o god_n will_v have_v pity_n upon_o the_o damn_a and_o that_o they_o shall_v go_v 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his_o favour_n and_o his_o merit_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o god_n of_o their_o marriage_n the_o religion_n of_o the_o gaur_n permit_v they_o to_o have_v five_o wife_n if_o they_o can_v maintain_v they_o nor_o be_v it_o laudable_a to_o repudiate_v any_o one_o but_o in_o case_n of_o a_o evident_a adultery_n or_o that_o she_o turn_v mahometan_a beside_o it_o behoove_v her_o husband_n to_o stay_v a_o whole_a year_n to_o see_v whether_o she_o will_v repent_v or_o no._n if_o she_o come_v and_o acknowledge_v her_o fault_n to_o the_o priest_n he_o enjoin_v her_o penance_n for_o three_o year_n after_o which_o he_o remarry_v they_o and_o they_o become_v man_n and_o wife_n again_o as_o to_o the_o ceremony_n of_o marriage_n the_o priest_n when_o the_o couple_n come_v to_o he_o ask_v the_o man_n and_o the_o woman_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o witness_n
teach_v all_o manner_n of_o science_n in_o one_o day_n for_o he_o be_v not_o learned_a that_o can_v talk_v of_o all_o and_o certain_o have_v the_o persian_n those_o advantage_n of_o book_n and_o that_o method_n of_o study_n which_o we_o have_v in_o europe_n they_o will_v prove_v to_o be_v man_n of_o great_a understanding_n for_o with_o those_o little_a help_n they_o have_v they_o will_v give_v a_o good_a account_n of_o their_o own_o theology_n of_o logic_n physic_n and_o the_o mathematics_n wherein_o they_o strive_v to_o reach_v the_o bottom_n of_o thing_n as_o deep_a as_o they_o can_v their_o book_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o work_n of_o a_o ancient_a persian_a author_n who_o name_n be_v kodgia_fw-mi nesir_n in_o the_o city_n of_o thouss_n in_o the_o province_n of_o korassan_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a he_o be_v well_o skilled_a in_o the_o greek_a and_o arabic_a have_v translate_v into_o persian_a several_a book_n out_o of_o those_o two_o language_n they_o have_v some_o 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along_o with_o the_o cry_n as_o for_o the_o child_n of_o person_n of_o quality_n they_o have_v tutor_n at_o home_n never_o stir_v out_o of_o door_n till_o they_o be_v 18_o year_n of_o age_n unless_o it_o be_v to_o go_v a_o hunt_n or_o a_o shoot_n now_o and_o they_o hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o child_n be_v discreet_a civil_a and_o modest_a so_o that_o you_o shall_v never_o hear_v a_o ill_a word_n come_v out_o of_o their_o mouth_n in_o the_o chamber_n of_o account_n be_v many_o officer_n who_o i_o look_v upon_o as_o gownsman_n all_o the_o book_n and_o register_n pass_v through_o their_o hand_n particular_o such_o paper_n as_o concern_v the_o king_n revenue_n all_o which_o be_v register_v in_o the_o chamber_n of_o account_n at_o ispahan_n which_o be_v call_v defter-krone_a as_o to_o the_o fee-land_n call_v moulkerbar_n which_o belong_v to_o particular_a person_n they_o owe_v to_o the_o king_n a_o certain_a annual_a rent_n which_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n exact_a with_o a_o severe_a extortion_n the_o mestempti_n and_o the_o memalek_n be_v they_o that_o value_v the_o rent_n of_o all_o land_n in_o demesh_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a charge_n of_o the_o defter-kroon_a they_o also_o take_v cognisance_n of_o all_o the_o king_n farm_n quitrent_n provision_n and_o expense_n of_o receiver_n and_o collector_n there_o be_v also_o a_o mestempti_n to_o value_v legacy_n the_o nazer_n control_v the_o mestempti_n and_o the_o memalek_n and_o his_o hand_n be_v require_v to_o all_o paper_n of_o dispatch_n the_o deroga_n or_o provost_n of_o the_o dester-kroon_a be_v to_o prosecute_v and_o punish_v all_o that_o be_v guilty_a of_o false_a receipt_n or_o of_o exaction_n into_o this_o office_n be_v deliver_v all_o the_o grant_n and_o assignation_n of_o the_o wage_n of_o the_o king_n officer_n every_o man_n come_v and_o receive_v his_o own_o or_o send_v for_o it_o to_o those_o place_n upon_o which_o this_o money_n be_v assign_v in_o every_o village_n or_o borough_n there_o be_v a_o reis_n or_o chief_a of_o the_o place_n to_o who_o the_o officer_n apply_v themselves_o for_o their_o money_n for_o shall_v they_o terrify_v the_o countryman_n he_o will_v run_v quite_o away_o and_o pay_v nothing_o the_o great_a cheat_n in_o this_o chamber_n of_o account_n be_v that_o in_o regard_n the_o officer_n keep_v the_o roll_n of_o the_o officer_n wage_n they_o will_v give_v they_o divers_a bill_n to_o receive_v little_a parcel_n at_o several_a place_n distant_a from_o one_o another_o till_o the_o sum_n be_v make_v up_o to_o which_o trouble_n rather_o than_o the_o king_n servant_n will_v be_v put_v he_o will_v give_v a_o good_a gratuity_n to_o the_o officer_n to_o pay_v he_o all_o together_o but_o because_o the_o officer_n be_v not_o able_a to_o satisfy_v all_o that_o come_v there_o be_v certain_a thahsilder_n or_o hoarder_n up_o of_o rent_n who_o buy_v for_o ready_a money_n as_o cheap_a as_o they_o can_v such_o bill_n as_o private_a man_n come_v to_o receive_v at_o the_o chamber_n and_o when_o they_o have_v get_v a_o good_a number_n together_o they_o go_v and_o receive_v they_o altogether_o at_o the_o chamber_n and_o make_v great_a advantage_n by_o this_o misgovernment_n of_o the_o dester-kroon_a several_a person_n be_v very_o much_o oppress_v for_o he_o that_o have_v but_o 30_o toman_o a_o year_n shall_v be_v force_v to_o give_v a_o good_a share_n out_o of_o it_o to_o have_v the_o rest_n in_o ready_a money_n which_o have_v be_v often_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o persian_a army_n through_o the_o abuse_n and_o defalcation_n put_v upon_o the_o poor_a soldier_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o sha-abbas_n the_o 1_o and_o towards_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o sha-sefi_a his_o son_n the_o exchequer_n be_v better_o regulate_v but_o when_o the_o persian_n come_v to_o be_v at_o peace_n with_o their_o neighbour_n the_o king_n and_o his_o lord_n have_v mind_v nothing_o less_o than_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o soldiery_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n in_o persia_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o be_v only_o farm_a by_o private_a person_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o land_n be_v measure_v and_o every_o land_n pay_v so_o much_o a_o measure_n the_o king_n also_o have_v a_o vast_a income_n by_o the_o merchandize_n that_o pay_v custom_n and_o toll_n the_o port_n of_o bander-abassi_a alone_o bring_v he_o one_o year_n with_o another_o when_o least_o beside_o accident_n near_o upon_o 20000_o toman_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n comprehend_v the_o tradesman_n and_o merchant_n as_o also_o of_o the_o trade_n manufacture_n and_o commodity_n of_o persia._n the_o commerce_n of_o persia_n as_o in_o all_o other_o kingdom_n consist_v in_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o country_n and_o foreign_a traffic_n only_o with_o difference_n that_o the_o country_n trade_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o persian_n and_o jew_n the_o foreign_a traffic_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o armenian_n only_a who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o king_n and_o the_o noble_a man_n factor_n to_o sell_v their_o silk_n as_o for_o the_o handicraft_n trade_n there_o be_v some_o corporation_n that_o pay_v a_o certain_a yearly_a duty_n to_o the_o king_n as_o shoemaker_n cutler_n smith_n and_o other_o some_o be_v free_a as_o the_o joiner_n and_o mason_n though_o he_o get_v by_o their_o labour_n as_o much_o as_o other_o pay_v he_o in_o money_n for_o when_o the_o king_n require_v twenty_o mason_n for_o a_o work_n which_o be_v in_o haste_n the_o marmar_n bashi_n who_o be_v their_o chief_n summons_v they_o together_o and_o they_o that_o give_v most_o be_v excuse_v for_o when_o the_o king_n require_v but_o twenty_o he_o summon_v forty_o and_o thus_o every_o man_n live_v by_o his_o call_n the_o practice_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o joiner_n and_o all_o other_o trade_n who_o
to_o give_v i_o my_o choice_n that_o i_o rather_o desire_v a_o young_a lively_a horse_n rather_o than_o a_o old_a one_o thereupon_o he_o send_v i_o one_o that_o be_v so_o give_v to_o bound_v and_o prance_v that_o he_o throw_v a_o young_a hollander_n out_o of_o the_o saddle_n but_o upon_o my_o desire_n to_o have_v he_o change_v he_o send_v i_o another_o which_o i_o sell_v afterward_o for_o four_o hundred_o roupies_n from_o amadabat_n i_o return_v to_o surat_n from_o surat_n i_o travel_v again_o to_o golconda_n and_o thence_o to_o the_o mine_n to_o buy_v diamond_n from_o whence_o return_v back_o for_o surat_n i_o resolve_v for_o persia._n chap._n xx._n my_o return_n from_o surat_n to_o ormus_n be_v upon_o my_o return_n to_o surat_n from_o the_o diamond_n mine_n i_o understand_v that_o the_o war_n be_v proclaim_v between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o hollander_n and_o the_o latter_a will_v send_v no_o more_o ship_n into_o persia._n the_o english_a also_o give_v out_o the_o same_o resolution_n for_o indeed_o they_o have_v send_v four_o ship_n into_o persia_n which_o they_o expect_v back_o every_o hour_n while_o i_o be_v thus_o in_o fear_n of_o stay_v long_o in_o a_o place_n where_o i_o have_v no_o business_n there_o arrive_v at_o surat_n five_o great_a dutch_a ship_n from_o batavia_n three_o of_o which_o be_v rather_o man_n of_o war_n than_o merchantman_n be_v order_v to_o be_v unlade_v with_o all_o speed_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o look_v out_o for_o the_o four_o english_a vessel_n that_o be_v expect_v out_o of_o persia._n the_o other_o two_o be_v appoint_v to_o follow_v two_o or_o three_o day_n after_o be_v in_o that_o time_n to_o take_v in_o provision_n for_o the_o whole_a fleet._n in_o one_o of_o those_o two_o vessel_n i_o embark_v and_o set_v sail_n the_o eight_o of_o january_n we_o come_v before_o diu_n the_o twelve_o where_o we_o overtake_v the_o other_o three_o ship_n there_o it_o be_v debate_v at_o a_o council_n of_o war_n what_o course_n to_o steer_v to_o meet_v the_o english_a and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o we_o shall_v steer_v away_o for_o scindi_fw-la where_o we_o arrive_v the_o twenty_o of_o the_o same_o month_n and_o stay_v there_o till_o the_o twenty-eighth_a and_o then_o set_v sail_n with_o a_o fair_a wind_n we_o land_v at_o gomrom_n the_o seven_o of_o march._n the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o book_n travel_n in_o india_n the_o second_o book_n contain_v a_o historical_a and_o political_a description_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n chap._n i._n a_o relation_n of_o the_o last_o war_n of_o indolstan_n which_o give_v a_o insight_n into_o the_o present_a estate_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o court_n of_o the_o mogul_n ihave_v write_v this_o history_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o i_o know_v thing_n to_o be_v transact_v during_o my_o stay_n in_o the_o country_n leave_v it_o to_o the_o reader_n to_o make_v his_o own_o reflection_n as_o he_o please_v it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o i_o to_o make_v a_o faithful_a description_n of_o the_o potent_a empire_n of_o the_o mogul_n according_a to_o the_o observation_n i_o have_v take_v upon_o the_o place_n this_o great_a and_o vast_a empire_n which_o contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o indolstan_n and_o which_o extend_v from_o the_o mountain_n on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n indus_n to_o the_o mountain_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o ganges_n border_n eastward_o upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o aracan_a tipra_n and_o asia_n towards_o the_o west_n upon_o persia_n and_o the_o usbeg_n tartar_n southward_o upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o golconda_n and_o visapour_n northward_o it_o run_v up_o as_o far_o as_o the_o mountain_n caucasus_n northeastward_a the_o kingdom_n of_o bantam_n whence_o come_v our_o musk_n part_v it_o northwestward_a it_o border_n upon_o the_o country_n of_o chegathay_n or_o the_o usbeg_n they_o be_v call_v mogul_n that_o be_v white_a of_o complexion_n for_o the_o last_o conqueror_n of_o the_o indies_n be_v whites_n the_o native_n be_v all_o brown_a or_o 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lie_v bury_v at_o samarchand_n in_o the_o country_n of_o chegathay_n or_o the_o usbeg_n tartar_n be_v the_o place_n of_o his_o nativity_n 2._o miram-cha_a the_o son_n of_o temurleng_n 3._o sultan_n mahomet_n the_o son_n of_o miram-cha_a 4._o sultan_n abousaid-mirza_n the_o son_n of_o mahomet_n 5._o hameth-sheck_a the_o son_n of_o sultan_n abousaid_a 6._o sultan_n babur_n that_o be_v the_o valiant_a prince_n the_o first_o mogul_n thatwas_fw-mi of_o great_a power_n in_o india_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1532._o 7._o homajon_n that_o be_v the_o happy_a the_o son_n of_o sultan_n babur_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1552._o 8._o abdul_n feta_n gelal-eddin_a mahomet_n common_o call_v akabar_n that_o be_v the_o great_a reign_v fifty_o four_o year_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1605._o 9_o sultan_n selim_n otherwise_o call_v jehanguir_a patsha_n that_o be_v the_o victorious_a emperor_n of_o the_o world_n succeed_v akabar_n his_o father_n and_o die_v 1627._o he_o have_v four_o son_n the_o elder_a name_v sultan_n kosrou_n the_o second_o sultan_n kourom_n the_o three_o sultan_n perviz_n the_o four_o cha-daniel_n 10._o sultan_n kourom_n the_o second_o of_o the_o four_o succeed_v jehanguir_a his_o father_n and_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o all_o the_o nobility_n at_o the_o castle_n of_o agra_n by_o the_o name_n of_o cha-bedin_a mahomed_n but_o he_o will_v be_v call_v cha-jehan_a that_o be_v king_n of_o the_o world_n 11._o aurengzeb_a that_o be_v the_o ornament_n of_o the_o throne_n be_v the_o present_a monarch_n the_o follow_a figure_n show_v you_o what_o sort_n of_o piece_n the_o king_n cause_n to_o be_v throw_v among_o the_o people_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o throne_n they_o represent_v the_o arm_n or_o signet_n of_o the_o king_n which_o i_o have_v name_v the_o big_a in_o the_o middle_n be_v cha-jehan's_a the_o ten_o king_n these_o piece_n be_v most_o of_o they_o silver_n there_o be_v very_o few_o of_o gold_n and_o as_o for_o aurengzeb_a he_o never_o coin_v any_o particular_a piece_n to_o throw_v away_o at_o his_o coronation_n the_o great_a mogul_n be_v without_o all_o question_n the_o rich_a and_o most_o potent_a monarch_n of_o asia_n the_o territory_n which_o he_o possess_v be_v his_o own_o hereditary_a possession_n and_o be_v absolute_a master_n of_o all_o the_o territory_n whence_o he_o receive_v his_o revenue_n for_o in_o the_o territory_n of_o this_o prince_n the_o great_a lord_n be_v but_o the_o royal_a receiver_n who_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n and_o they_o to_o the_o chief_a treasurer_n and_o controller_n of_o the_o exchequer_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o sickness_n and_o suppose_a death_n of_o cha-jehan_a king_n of_o india_n and_o the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o prince_n his_o son_n this_o great_a king_n have_v reign_v above_o forty_o year_n not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o king_n over_o his_o subject_n but_o rather_o as_o a_o father_n over_o his_o family_n and_o child_n insomuch_o that_o during_o his_o reign_n there_o be_v such_o a_o strictness_n in_o the_o civil_a government_n and_o particular_o for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o highway_n that_o there_o be_v never_o any_o occasion_n to_o put_v any_o man_n to_o death_n for_o robbery_n in_o his_o decline_a year_n he_o fancy_v a_o young_a lady_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a beauty_n that_o be_v not_o above_o thirteen_o year_n of_o age_n and_o because_o the_o strength_n of_o nature_n will_v not_o permit_v he_o to_o satisfy_v his_o passion_n he_o take_v certain_a provocatives_n which_o be_v so_o hot_a that_o he_o fall_v thereupon_o into_o a_o distemper_n that_o have_v almost_o kill_v he_o this_o oblige_v he_o to_o shut_v himself_o up_o in_o his_o haram_n together_o with_o his_o woman_n for_o two_o or_o three_o month_n during_o which_o time_n he_o appear_v very_o rare_o to_o the_o people_n and_o that_o
every_o year_n sixteen_o great_a galley_n but_o after_o its_o subversion_n by_o tamerlane_n this_o commerce_n cease_v and_o the_o galley_n receive_v their_o lade_n in_o syria_n and_o at_o alexandria_n of_o egypt_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o forementioned_a writer_n which_o be_v from_o the_o year_n 1436_o when_o barbaro_n first_o go_v to_o tana_n until_o his_o return_n out_o of_o persia_n in_o 1488._o and_o contarini_n who_o return_v not_o long_o before_o he_o citrachan_n be_v a_o mean_a town_n consist_v chief_o of_o tartarian_a hut_n and_o encompass_v with_o a_o pitiful_a mudwall_n a_o place_n of_o no_o considerable_a traffic_n only_o the_o muscovite_n fetch_v thence_o fish_n and_o salt_n but_o juan_n vassilowich_n have_v reduce_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1554_o under_o his_o dominion_n it_o have_v be_v by_o succeed_a emperor_n both_o fortify_v and_o enlarge_v i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o concern_v it_o olearius_n a_o most_o diligent_a and_o judicious_a writer_n have_v leave_v we_o so_o particular_a a_o description_n thereof_o i_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o i_o suppose_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o different_a name_n as_o gitterchan_n citrachan_n and_o astrachan_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o prince_n who_o successive_o preside_v as_o be_v very_o obvious_a to_o any_o who_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o arabian_n persian_n turk_n and_o other_o eastern_a people_n but_o to_o return_v unto_o our_o zavolgentian_a tartar_n so_o call_v by_o the_o neighbour_a slavonic_a nation_n because_o the_o seat_n of_o their_o empire_n and_o their_o chief_a place_n of_o residence_n be_v on_o or_o near_o the_o volga_n which_o river_n do_v also_o almost_o equal_o divide_v their_o territory_n za_n be_v only_o a_o expletive_a particle_n as_o i_o can_v manifest_v by_o induction_n of_o several_a russian_a polish_v and_o lithuanian_a name_n of_o man_n and_o country_n after_o the_o devastation_n of_o their_o country_n they_o will_v notwithstanding_o have_v soon_o recover_v their_o former_a grandeur_n have_v not_o division_n and_o intestine_a war_n long_o keep_v they_o low_o and_o at_o length_n after_o divers_a wonderful_a and_o great_a revolution_n give_v the_o russes_z leisure_n first_o to_o breath_n and_o then_o invite_v they_o to_o deprive_v they_o of_o the_o best_a part_n of_o their_o dominion_n they_o not_o able_a to_o resist_v be_v break_v as_o i_o say_v by_o discord_n and_o division_n into_o divers_a petty_a principality_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o crim_n tartar_n assist_v by_o the_o turk_n subdue_v the_o remainder_n whereby_o that_o tribe_n which_o before_o be_v comparative_o inconsiderable_a become_v supreme_a and_o be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o terror_n unto_o all_o the_o north-east_n country_n of_o christendom_n to_o show_v in_o what_o manner_n and_o by_o what_o degree_n all_o this_o be_v transact_v be_v rather_o matter_n of_o a_o just_a history_n than_o of_o a_o preface_n the_o decorum_n whereof_o i_o have_v already_o transgress_v in_o make_v a_o porch_n almost_o as_o large_a as_o the_o main_a building_n to_o which_o it_o shall_v serve_v only_o for_o a_o entrance_n i_o shall_v therefore_o conclude_v with_o some_o short_a and_o slight_a remark_n on_o divers_a passage_n in_o our_o author_n relation_n his_o account_n of_o the_o periplus_n of_o the_o euxine_a sea_n leave_v out_o what_o he_o allow_v for_o the_o teine_a sea_n or_o palus_n maeotis_n differ_v little_a in_o number_n of_o miles_n from_o that_o of_o arrian_n though_o they_o disagree_v somewhat_o in_o particular_a distance_n and_o be_v wonderful_o consonant_a to_o that_o calculation_n of_o eratosthones_n hecataeus_n ptolemy_n and_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n who_o reckon_v it_o to_o amount_v unto_o 23000_o stadia_fw-la or_o 2875_o mile_n which_o want_v but_o 15_o of_o our_o traveller_n computation_n he_o be_v also_o more_o particular_a and_o i_o believe_v more_o exact_a than_o any_o i_o have_v hitherto_o meet_v with_o in_o his_o description_n of_o crim_n or_o taurica_n chersonesus_n who_o length_n and_o breadth_n he_o give_v we_o in_o several_a place_n direct_o or_o by_o consequence_n what_o he_o tell_v we_o concern_v arbotka_n and_o the_o great_a field_n without_o it_o surround_v by_o the_o sea_n he_o call_v the_o ratten_n sea_n be_v scarce_o mention_v by_o any_o modern_a geographer_n but_o wonderful_o consonant_a to_o what_o be_v deliver_v by_o strabo_n arbotka_n seem_v to_o be_v taphre_n the_o ratten_n sea_n he_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o lacus_n putris_fw-la and_o affirm_v to_o be_v part_n of_o the_o palus_n maeotis_n in_o compass_n 4000_o furlong_n with_o divers_a other_o particular_n confirm_v our_o traveller_n discourse_n as_o may_v be_v read_v at_o large_a in_o his_o seven_o book_n and_o i_o find_v in_o a_o discourse_n publish_v by_o mr._n thevenot_n concern_v the_o tartar_n write_v late_o by_o a_o religious_a missionary_n who_o long_o reside_v in_o those_o part_n a_o description_n of_o this_o place_n very_o suitable_a unto_o our_o author_n his_o word_n be_v these_o speak_v of_o the_o most_o remarkable_a place_n in_o crim._n arbotec_fw-la est_fw-la un_fw-fr chasteau_fw-fr avec_fw-fr une_fw-fr tour_fw-fr scituée_fw-fr sur_fw-fr la_fw-fr col_fw-fr d'une_fw-fr peninsule_n que_fw-fr est_fw-fr enfermée_fw-fr entre_fw-fr la_fw-fr mer_n de_fw-fr limen_n &_o tineka_n woda_n cette_fw-fr gorge_fw-fr n'a_fw-fr plus_fw-fr d'un_fw-fr quart_n de_fw-mi lief_o elle_fw-fr est_fw-fr traversee_v d'une_fw-fr palisade_n qui_fw-fr s'ende_fw-la d'une_fw-fr mer_n a_o l'autre_fw-fr la_fw-fr peninsule_n est_fw-fr appellée_fw-fr par_fw-fr nos_fw-la cosaques_n cosa_n a_o cause_n q'elle_fw-fr a_fw-fr la_fw-fr form_n d'une_fw-fr faulx_fw-fr c'est_fw-fr on_o ce_fw-fr lieu_fw-fr ou_fw-fr le_fw-fr chan_n tient_fw-fr son_fw-fr haras_n qui_fw-fr est_fw-fr bien_fw-fr de_fw-fr septante_fw-la mille_fw-la chevaux_n et_fw-fr il_fw-fr est_fw-fr un_fw-fr destroit_fw-fr entre_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr ferme_fw-fr e_o cosa_n 200_o pas_fw-fr de_fw-fr large_a qui_fw-la est_fw-la gayable_a quand_fw-fr il_fw-fr est_fw-fr calm_a le_fw-fr cossaques_n le_fw-fr passent_fw-la quand_fw-fr ils_fw-fr vont_fw-fr derober_fw-fr le_fw-fr chevaux_n de_fw-fr haras_fw-la de_fw-fr cham._n what_o our_o author_n tell_v we_o of_o the_o communication_n between_o the_o tanais_n and_o volga_n at_o camusshanka_fw-mi be_v particular_o describe_v by_o olearius_n who_o write_v many_o year_n after_o he_o who_o also_o agree_v with_o we_o in_o his_o account_n of_o the_o river_n of_o circassia_n and_o comukes_n country_n only_o our_o writer_n be_v more_o punctual_a in_o his_o description_n of_o their_o source_n and_o course_n and_o mention_n two_o or_o three_o omit_v by_o olearius_n or_o unknown_a to_o he_o a_o frequent_a mention_n be_v make_v by_o procopius_n agathias_n and_o other_o of_o the_o bizantine_n historian_n of_o that_o strait_a passage_n between_o georgia_n and_o anadoule_n or_o as_o they_o word_n it_o between_o colchis_n and_o asia_n minor_n or_o armenia_n our_o author_n have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o course_n of_o the_o volga_n and_o of_o the_o most_o remarkable_a place_n lie_v upon_o or_o near_o it_o at_o last_o assure_v we_o that_o it_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n only_o by_o 22_o mouth_n who_o name_n he_o there_o rehearse_n whereas_o other_o writer_n ascribe_v unto_o it_o 70_o entrance_n though_o as_o olearius_n judicious_o observe_v most_o of_o they_o be_v rather_o passage_n make_v by_o the_o sea_n between_o island_n and_o break_a ground_n than_o proper_a distinct_a arm_n or_o branch_n of_o the_o forementioned_a river_n what_o be_v say_v concern_v the_o cossack_n retire_v unto_o and_o ne_n in_o a_o island_n of_o the_o caspian_a sea_n be_v confirm_v by_o a_o late_a french_a writer_n who_o long_o reside_v in_o persia_n he_o large_o acquaint_v we_o with_o the_o great_a spoil_n these_o outlaw_n make_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o mesanderon_n that_o they_o take_v asterabath_n one_o of_o the_o emperor_n royal_a seat_n and_o have_v continue_v several_a day_n in_o possession_n retire_v with_o great_a booty_n and_o little_a loss_n i_o can_v render_v some_o probable_a account_n of_o those_o thief_n our_o writer_n call_v sigake_n of_o what_o nation_n they_o be_v when_o they_o begin_v and_o how_o they_o live_v but_o shall_v for_o brevity-sake_n wave_v this_o and_o divers_a other_o remark_n and_o that_o i_o may_v manifest_v how_o impartial_a my_o sentiment_n be_v in_o reference_n unto_o the_o treatise_n i_o have_v here_o publish_v i_o shall_v first_o acknowledge_v that_o i_o never_o meet_v with_o any_o writer_n who_o call_v that_o vast_a plain_n between_o the_o river_n boristhenes_n and_o tanais_n the_o desert_n of_o ingel_n and_o vngul_n although_o i_o have_v see_v divers_a journal_o both_o ancient_n and_o modern_a of_o person_n who_o have_v frequent_o traverse_v that_o vast_a region_n and_o have_v read_v most_o history_n and_o peruse_v geographical_a book_n or_o table_n that_o relate_v unto_o the_o tartar_n or_o their_o country_n second_o i_o must_v declare_v my_o distrust_n of_o his_o computation_n concern_v the_o compass_n of_o the_o caspian_a