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a_o historical_a and_o geographical_a description_n of_o france_n extract_v from_o the_o best_a author_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a by_o j._n de_fw-fr lacrose_n eccl._n angl._n presb._n london_n print_v for_o t._n salusbury_n at_o the_o king's-arm_n near_o st._n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1694._o to_o his_o most_o excellent_a majesty_n william_n iii_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n and_o ireland_n defender_n of_o the_o faith_n etc._n etc._n may_v it_o please_v your_o majesty_n the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n though_o never_o so_o large_a and_o powerful_a have_v former_o belong_v either_o â—n_a part_n or_o in_o whole_a to_o your_o glorious_a ancestor_n the_o vast_a dutchy_n of_o normandy_n and_o guyenn_n maine_n touraine_n perche_n and_o poictou_n the_o county_n of_o ponthieu_n and_o guisnes_n calais_n boulogne_n ardres_n 〈◊〉_d and_o their_o dependency_n be_v thâ—_n patrimonial_a estate_n of_o the_o â—_z of_o england_n beside_o many_o county_n and_o lordship_n that_o your_o predecessor_n the_o prince_n of_o orange_n hauâ—_n enjoy_v in_o dauphine_n provence_n languedoc_n and_o burgundy_n 〈◊〉_d that_o though_o the_o pretend_a salic_a law_n by_o which_o the_o house_n of_o valois_n anâ—_n bourbon_n endeavour_v to_o maintain_v their_o usurpation_n shall_v takâ—_n place_n your_o majesty_n have_v still_o thâ—_n lawful_a claim_n of_o inheritance_n to_o thâ—_n best_a part_n of_o the_o french_a territory_n all_o the_o world_n know_v that_o nâ—_n such_o motive_n have_v engage_v youâ—_n majesty_n in_o this_o present_a war_n youâ—_n generous_a mind_n aim_v at_o nothing_o else_o than_o to_o get_v restore_v to_o your_o allieâ—_n what_o a_o ambitious_a prince_n have_v usurp_v from_o they_o but_o as_o when_o solomon_n prefer_v wisdom_n to_o riches_n god_n give_v he_o the_o latter_a too_o as_o a_o overplus_n so_o it_o may_v be_v that_o the_o just_a distributer_n of_o kingdom_n be_v please_v with_o that_o act_n of_o justice_n of_o 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themselves_o as_o to_o geographer_n comminges_n and_o darity_n be_v too_o old_a and_o confuse_a the_o map_n of_o sanson_n the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n be_v excellent_a those_o of_o du_n val_n next_o to_o they_o and_o by_o compare_v they_o together_o as_o i_o have_v do_v one_o may_v be_v pretty_a sure_a of_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n situation_n and_o distance_n of_o place_n but_o neither_o of_o the_o sansons_n have_v make_v a_o modern_a and_o particular_a description_n of_o france_n and_o that_o of_o du_n val_n be_v too_o short_a and_o not_o methodical_a enough_o as_o to_o antiquity_n andre_n du_fw-fr chesne_n in_o his_o curious_a inquiry_n concern_v the_o town_n of_o france_n be_v full_a of_o fable_n and_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v follow_v but_o very_o cautious_o though_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o vast_a read_n and_o much_o to_o be_v commend_v for_o have_v publish_v several_a historian_n of_o the_o middle_a age_n that_o have_v write_v of_o the_o french_a affair_n and_o 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of_o history_n to_o be_v gather_v here_o and_o there_o with_o great_a trouble_n i_o have_v peruse_v three_o other_o modern_a geographer_n which_o i_o must_v not_o forget_v viz._n robbe_n memoires_n geographiques_n morery_n grand_a dictionnaire_n historique_n and_o geographique_a with_o the_o supplement_n of_o perayre_n and_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr croix_n geography_n vniverselle_n as_o to_o the_o first_o he_o can_v commit_v many_o fault_n for_o he_o have_v almost_o nothing_o beside_o french_a name_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o presume_v to_o say_v something_o more_o for_o instance_n to_o determine_v the_o extent_n of_o a_o government_n or_o its_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n one_o may_v very_o near_o be_v sure_a to_o find_v he_o in_o a_o error_n as_o to_o morery_n it_o be_v pity_n he_o do_v not_o live_v long_o enough_o or_o have_v not_o the_o conveniency_n to_o read_v ancient_a author_n his_o want_n of_o learning_n in_o ecclesiastical_a history_n and_o mystery_n of_o state_n make_v he_o too_o passionate_a when_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o protestant_n and_o lead_v he_o into_o many_o mistake_n as_o to_o latin_a name_n and_o other_o antiquity_n as_o to_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr croix_n all_o his_o performance_n consist_v in_o have_v put_v a_o abridgement_n of_o morery_a into_o robâ—e's_n method_n and_o a_o very_a unjudicious_a one_o too_o for_o he_o leave_v out_o what_o be_v most_o curious_a and_o essential_a in_o the_o great_a dictionary_n and_o the_o rest_n he_o take_v it_o word_n for_o word_n unless_o it_o be_v to_o corrupt_v and_o abridge_v it_o again_o but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n he_o be_v so_o faithful_a as_o to_o transcribe_v the_o very_a fault_n of_o the_o press_n as_o p._n 200._o l._n 29._o anvers_n for_o anâ—t_n whatever_o he_o add_v of_o his_o own_o here_o and_o there_o as_o the_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n and_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n be_v always_o falâ—e_a for_o he_o never_o take_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o look_v into_o one_o of_o sanson_n or_o du_fw-fr val_n maâ—s_n for_o instance_n
the_o love_n of_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o chieâ—_n motive_n of_o their_o change_n this_o inconvenience_n may_v have_v be_v prevent_v by_o some_o foundation_n for_o promote_a learning_n and_o piety_n and_o erect_v up_o school_n college_n and_o place_n for_o the_o retirement_n of_o the_o learned_a who_o have_v serve_v the_o church_n a_o certain_a time_n or_o be_v fit_a for_o write_v than_o preach_v 2_o calvin_n chance_v to_o light_n upon_o geneva_n establish_v there_o a_o form_n of_o ecclesiastical_a government_n very_o suitable_a to_o a_o commonwealth_n but_o not_o at_o all_o to_o a_o kingdom_n the_o french_a protestant_n however_o set_v up_o the_o fame_n among_o they_o which_o be_v pardonable_a enough_o during_o the_o persecution_n since_o they_o have_v not_o the_o mean_n to_o keep_v up_o bishop_n and_o that_o they_o have_v be_v more_o expose_v than_o simple_a minister_n both_o because_o of_o their_o dignity_n and_o their_o opposition_n to_o the_o roman_a prelate_n but_o when_o god_n 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chieftenaâ—â—_n and_o promoter_n of_o it_o but_o they_o who_o haâ—â—_n not_o read_v the_o book_n of_o those_o time_n be_v 〈◊〉_d so_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o artifices_fw-la thâ—_n use_v to_o draw_v in_o so_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n they_o persuade_v they_o that_o the_o huguenâ—â—_n be_v commonwealth-man_n who_o intend_v to_o subvert_v the_o kingdom_n and_o dismember_v 〈◊〉_d into_o several_a petty_a principality_n and_o republic_n just_a as_o their_o brethren_n the_o swisser_n 〈◊〉_d the_o free_a town_n and_o prince_n of_o germanâ—_n by_o these_o insinuation_n great_a and_o aspire_a man_n who_o can_v make_v considerable_a â—_z under_o a_o weak_a government_n stick_v close_v they_o 6._o as_o to_o the_o last_o persecution_n of_o the_o french_a protestant_n as_o it_o have_v be_v long_o and_o in_o a_o â—â—nner_n insensible_a during_o thirty_o or_o forty_o â—ars_n but_o at_o the_o latter_a end_n extreme_o cruâ—â—_n sudden_a and_o unfore-seen_a so_o it_o can_v 〈◊〉_d be_v prevent_v 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and_o let_v this_o suffice_v to_o the_o first_o part_n of_o â—ur_n description_n i_o have_v resolve_v to_o follow_v 〈◊〉_d the_o second_o part_n the_o ordinary_a division_n â—f_n france_n in_o twelve_o government_n but_o â—â—nce_o i_o consider_v that_o this_o method_n will_v â—e_v troublesome_a both_o to_o i_o and_o my_o reader_n and_o perhaps_o make_v i_o overskip_v some_o of_o thâ—_n country_n include_v in_o the_o general_a government_n beside_o that_o there_o be_v now_o nineteeâ—_o and_o not_o twelve_o of_o they_o so_o that_o i_o think_v more_o convenient_a to_o begin_v at_o one_o end_v 〈◊〉_d with_o lorraine_n then_o pursue_v my_o way_n northwards_o to_o make_v the_o grand_fw-fr tour_n of_o francâ—_n and_o go_v out_o of_o it_o through_o the_o county_n 〈◊〉_d burgundy_n than_o to_o puzzle_v myself_o and_o uther_n with_o unnecessary_a bound_n and_o division_n however_o i_o will_v not_o fail_v to_o maâ—_n the_o extent_n of_o each_o government_n and_o thâ—_n country_n belong_v to_o it_o a_o description_n of_o france_z part_n ii_o wherein_o â—ach_n of_o its_o great_a province_n small_a county_n city_n town_n royal_a house_n forest_n mountain_n coast_n river_n and_o lake_n be_v geographical_o and_o historical_o describe_v chap._n i._o lorraine_n the_o three_o bishopric_n and_o the_o duchy_n of_o bar._n this_o province_n be_v call_v thus_o from_o lothaire_n grandson_n of_o lewis_n the_o meek_a emperor_n and_o king_n of_o france_n who_o be_v sovereign_a thereof_o when_o it_o be_v far_o great_a and_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o kingdom_n the_o whole_a duchy_n belong_v now_o to_o thâ—_n king_n of_o france_n who_o have_v usurp_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o upon_o charles_n iii_o the_o true_a sovereign_n and_o force_v he_o to_o make_v over_o 〈◊〉_d right_o to_o he_o the_o present_a bound_n of_o thâ—_n province_n be_v elzas_n and_o the_o palatinate_n oâ—_n the_o east_n champaign_n on_o the_o west_n luxeâ—bourg_n and_o the_o electorate_v of_o trier_n on_o thâ—_n north_n and_o the_o county_n of_o burgundy_n on_o thâ—_n south_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v warlike_a anâ—_n the_o country_n for_o the_o most_o part_n cover_v witâ—_n wood_n and_o forest_n yet_o well_o stock_v witâ—_n corn_n vine_n and_o mineral_n nor_o do_v it_o waâ—_n pleasant_a river_n and_o good_a water_n it_o be_v town_n be_v well_o build_v strong_a and_o rich_a nancy_n the_o capital_a of_o lorraine_n be_v the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o duke_n who_o courâ—_n be_v crowd_v with_o great_a number_n of_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n it_o be_v here_o that_o those_o prince_n riches_n make_v a_o fine_a sight_n especial_o two_o table_n of_o a_o great_a length_n and_o breadth_n one_o marble_n the_o other_o silver-gilt_n or_o wash_v over_o witâ—_n gold_n with_o several_a figure_n and_o emblem_n and_o latin_a verse_n most_o artificial_o engraveâ—_n upon_o they_o there_o be_v also_o costly_a hang_n and_o the_o effigy_n of_o a_o man_n in_o wood_n who_o muscle_n seem_v to_o move_v and_o werâ—_n interweave_v with_o so_o much_o art_n that_o it_o waâ—_n a_o perfect_a wonder_n the_o duke_n tomb_n arâ—_n likewise_o here_o among_o which_o that_o of_o renatus_n who_o overcome_v the_o burgundian_n be_v moâ—â—_n considerable_a that_o of_o charles_n duke_n of_o buâ—gundy_n be_v there_o also_o the_o arsenal_n be_v well_o provide_v with_o all_o necessary_n and_o its_o fortification_n seem_v to_o render_v it_o impregnable_a before_o the_o french_a take_v it_o there_o be_v a_o bog_n or_o fenny_a place_n pretty_a nigh_o the_o town_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o which_o be_v a_o cross_n of_o stone_n with_o a_o inscription_n in_o french_a that_o mark_v the_o defeat_n of_o the_o burgundian_n under_o charles_n the_o rash_a their_o last_o duke_n an._n 1477._o the_o town_n be_v situate_v about_o a_o hundred_o step_n from_o the_o meurte_fw-fr which_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o moselle_n four_o or_o five_o mile_n from_o thence_o nancy_n be_v divide_v into_o old_a and_o new_a town_n the_o old_a have_v the_o palace_n of_o the_o duke_n
for_o the_o helvii_n of_o caesar_n who_o be_v rather_o those_o of_o vivarais_n and_o sanson_n for_o the_o fleuthere_n or_o heleuthere_n subject_a to_o the_o auvergnat_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o quercy_n gevaudan_n and_o velay_n add_v withal_o that_o the_o cambolectri_n who_o pliny_n place_n in_o aquitania_n inhabit_v the_o diocese_n of_o alby_n and_o the_o cambolectri_n atlantici_n the_o diocese_n of_o castres_n but_o as_o he_o ground_n his_o conjecture_n upon_o no_o certain_a foundation_n so_o they_o be_v reject_v by_o de_fw-fr valois_n we_o have_v already_o see_v that_o the_o tectosages_n fill_v up_o all_o the_o western_a part_n of_o languedoc_n to_o the_o very_a cevennes_n and_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o consequent_o that_o the_o albigeois_n may_v well_o be_v the_o ancient_a tolistobogii_n or_o trocmi_n neighbour_n ally_n or_o subject_n to_o the_o tectosages_n i_o have_v observe_v in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o book_n how_o the_o disciple_n of_o vigilantius_n spread_v in_o guyenne_n and_o languedoc_n be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n as_o a_o bank_n that_o stop_v the_o overflow_a superstition_n but_o when_o this_o torrent_n grow_v so_o strong_a that_o this_o barrier_n prove_v too_o weak_a god_n raise_v new_a defensor_n to_o his_o church_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o xii_o century_n peter_n of_o bruys_n a_o native_a of_o dauphiné_n preach_v and_o write_v successful_o against_o the_o prevail_a error_n and_o be_v happy_o second_v by_o henry_n a_o monk_n of_o toulouse_n the_o papist_n have_v recourse_n to_o their_o usual_a arm_n fire_n and_o sword_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o both_o get_v the_o crown_n of_o martyrdom_n but_o their_o blood_n prove_v as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o first_o christian_n the_o seed_n of_o the_o true_a church_n so_o that_o after_o the_o dispersion_n of_o valdo_n disciple_n about_o 1160_o some_o â—_z retire_n in_o those_o part_n they_o be_v kind_o receive_v the_o vulgar_a have_v so_o good_a a_o opinion_n of_o they_o that_o they_o common_o call_v they_o les_fw-fr bons_fw-fr hommes_fw-fr the_o good_a man_n and_o even_o raymâ—â—d_v the_o old_a count_n of_o toulouse_n peter_n king_n of_o arragon_n the_o count_n of_o foix_n comminges_n and_o the_o viscount_n of_o bearn_n spouse_v their_o cause_n and_o as_o error_n and_o vice_n be_v always_o timorous_a so_o the_o pope_n begin_v to_o fear_v that_o their_o fatal_a day_n be_v come_v and_o publish_v a_o crusade_n against_o those_o pretend_a heretic_n as_o though_o they_o have_v be_v heathen_n or_o mahometan_n the_o albigeois_n under_o the_o wing_n of_o their_o lord_n and_o protector_n defend_v themselves_o almost_o a_o age_n but_o at_o last_o they_o be_v overpow'red_n by_o the_o number_n the_o french_a king_n be_v catch_a hold_n of_o that_o opportunity_n to_o deprive_v those_o petty_a sovereign_n of_o their_o principality_n then_o it_o be_v that_o such_o as_o have_v escape_v the_o sword_n in_o the_o field_n of_o battle_n fall_v in_o the_o bloody_a hand_n of_o the_o inquisitor_n who_o at_o long_o run_v make_v a_o end_n of_o they_o however_o not_o so_o as_o whole_o to_o root_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o truth_n out_o of_o their_o heart_n which_o sprout_v out_o again_o when_o our_o first_o reformer_n appear_v in_o the_o last_o age_n for_o then_o the_o province_n of_o languedoc_n and_o guienne_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o albigeois_n produce_v more_o convert_v than_o all_o the_o other_o of_o france_n take_v together_o we_o have_v hardly_o any_o account_n of_o the_o albigeois_n then_o by_o such_o as_o be_v their_o swear_a enemy_n accuser_n or_o rather_o executioner_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o plain_a confession_n of_o popish_a author_n that_o the_o albigeois_n hold_v almost_o all_o the_o same_o doctrine_n with_o the_o protestant_n and_o that_o they_o reject_v the_o same_o superstition_n for_o which_o the_o last_o be_v still_o divide_v from_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n we_o may_v look_v as_o calumny_n some_o manichean_a tenet_n ascribe_v to_o they_o as_o to_o deny_v the_o divinity_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n to_o admit_v a_o good_a and_o a_o bad_a principle_n etc._n etc._n but_o to_o clear_v these_o christian_a hero_n for_o ever_o we_o have_v but_o to_o observe_v that_o the_o manichean_o have_v be_v banish_v the_o east_n by_o the_o greek_a emperor_n they_o first_o spread_v themselves_o into_o germany_n thence_o they_o pass_v into_o italy_n and_o france_n where_o meet_v with_o a_o people_n averse_a from_o persecution_n they_o ready_o creep_v and_o skulk_v among_o they_o and_o the_o malicious_a inquisitor_n catch_v some_o of_o these_o heretic_n take_v hold_v of_o this_o occasion_n to_o defame_v the_o true_a albigeois_n the_o r._n d._n allix_n have_v give_v such_o incontestable_a proof_n of_o these_o matter_n of_o fact_n that_o i_o can_v imagine_v that_o a_o roman_n catholic_n of_o any_o sincerity_n will_v ever_o renew_v such_o notorious_a calumny_n alby_n albia_n or_o albiga_n capital_a of_o this_o country_n lie_v upon_o the_o river_n taâ—n_n 17_o league_n north-east_n of_o toulouse_n and_o 14_o southeast_n of_o montauban_n it_o be_v foundation_n and_o antiquity_n be_v unknown_a for_o no_o ancient_a geographer_n remember_v it_o and_o the_o first_o mention_n of_o it_o that_o de_fw-fr valois_n can_v find_v be_v in_o a_o old_a notice_n of_o the_o gaul_n which_o put_v civitus_fw-la albiensum_fw-la in_o the_o four_o place_n among_o the_o 8_o city_n of_o the_o first_o aquitain_n though_o some_o of_o latter_a date_n name_n it_o but_o the_o seven_o in_o order_n gregory_n of_o tours_n testify_v that_o one_o salvius_n be_v bishop_n of_o alby_n under_o the_o child_n of_o clovis_n and_o another_o call_v sabinus_n subscribe_v to_o the_o council_n of_o agde_v in_o 506._o but_o whether_o s._n clair_n a_o martyr_n plant_v there_o christianity_n and_o be_v the_o first_o bishop_n of_o that_o town_n be_v uncertain_a charlemaign_v have_v erect_v aquiâ—â—â—â—_n into_o a_o kingdom_n on_o behalf_n of_o lewis_n the_o meek_a his_o son_n establish_a count_n in_o the_o principal_a city_n who_o together_o with_o the_o bishop_n be_v to_o be_v the_o young_a prince_n counselor_n and_o aimoin_n be_v name_v the_o first_o count_n of_o alby_n all_o these_o count_n have_v make_v themselves_o sovereign_n during_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o french_a monarchy_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o count_n of_o alby_n pass_v by_o marriage_n into_o the_o house_n of_o toulouse_n and_o then_o both_o return_v to_o the_o french_a king_n by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d i_o have_v hint_v speak_v of_o languedoc_n alby_n have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n a_o suffragan_n to_o bourâ—â—â—_n and_o one_o of_o the_o rich_a bishopric_n in_o france_n being_n about_o 50000_o crown_n worth_a but_o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v make_v a_o metropolitan_a by_o pope_n â—â—cent_a xi_o in_o behalf_n of_o hyacinthe_n serroni_n a_o roman_a gentleman_n and_o the_o diocese_n of_o rodez_n castrer_fw-fr cahors_n vabres_fw-es and_o mende_n detach_v from_o bourge_n to_o who_o prelate_n have_v be_v give_v a_o recompense_n of_o some_o additional_a revenue_n the_o archbishop_n of_o alby_n be_v still_o lord_n temporal_a of_o that_o city_n and_o the_o king_n have_v but_o there_o a_o viguier_n for_o his_o chief_a justice_n the_o cathedral_n under_o the_o name_n of_o s._n cecile_n have_v one_o of_o the_o fine_a quire_n in_o that_o kingdom_n the_o other_o town_n or_o considerable_a burrough_n of_o this_o diocese_n be_v pen_n upon_o the_o aveyrou_n cordes_n monestier_n and_o caramous_a upon_o the_o ceron_n pampelone_n upon_o the_o biaur_n gaulene_n and_o valence_n near_o the_o source_n of_o the_o ceron_n tais_fw-fr maillat_n ville-neuve_a cajousac_n castelnau_n de_fw-fr montmirail_n and_o peucelsy_n upon_o the_o vere_n rabasteins_n l'isle_n gaillac_n la_o bastide_n de_fw-fr lenis_n lescure_a and_o trebas_fw-la upon_o the_o tarn_n on_o the_o north_n side_n grioussens_n cadelens_n denat_n albain_n on_o the_o south_n of_o that_o river_n lomber_v on_o the_o assou_n realmont_n on_o the_o dadou_n etc._n etc._n gaillac_n be_v famous_a for_o its_o white_a wine_n who_o drunkenness_n be_v not_o feel_v but_o a_o hour_n after_o the_o debauch_n at_o rabasteins_n be_v fight_v a_o memorable_a battle_n between_o the_o duke_n of_o berri_n and_o the_o count_n of_o foix_n in_o 1381._o castres_n the_o second_o bishopric_n contain_v in_o albigeois_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o agout_n nine_o league_n south_n of_o alby_n and_o 16_o east_n of_o toulouse_n both_o the_o town_n and_o the_o bishopric_n be_v new_a for_o we_o find_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o town_n in_o ancient_a geographer_n only_o the_o historian_n of_o the_o albigenses_n as_o peter_n the_o monk_n mention_v it_o as_o a_o illustrious_a castle_n under_o the_o name_n of_o castra_n and_o as_o the_o head_n of_o the_o country_n of_o albigeois_n as_o to_o the_o bishopric_n it_o be_v erect_v by_o pope_n john_n xxii_o in_o 1317_o instead_o of_o the_o abbey_n of_o s._n vincent_n who_o body_n be_v secret_o convey_v from_o