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in_o his_o chair_n and_o the_o distemper_n urge_v still_o with_o more_o violence_n he_o send_v for_o the_o father_n who_o give_v he_o the_o viaticum_fw-la and_o extreme_a unction_n after_o he_o have_v some_o day_n before_o make_v a_o general_a confession_n and_o so_o about_o eight_o a_o clock_n he_o placid_o surrender_v his_o soul_n to_o his_o creator_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o the_o father_n the_o servant_n the_o neighbour_n and_o several_a christian_a mandarin_n who_o can_v not_o forbear_v weep_v at_o his_o departure_n the_o next_o day_n f._n verbiest_n now_o vice_n provincial_a of_o this_o mission_n go_v betimes_o in_o the_o morning_n to_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o father_n the_o prince_n bid_v he_o return_v home_o whither_o he_o in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n will_v send_v
restrain_v some_o within_o the_o bound_n of_o duty_n than_o the_o tartar_n enlarge_v their_o offer_n but_o then_o such_o be_v the_o eager_a desire_n of_o those_o perfidious_a officer_n to_o heap_v up_o wealth_n that_o at_o length_n they_o surrender_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o small_a number_n of_o half_a barbarian_n the_o rich_a and_o most_o populous_a kingdom_n in_o the_o world._n in_o the_o same_o book_n you_o see_v the_o number_n of_o soldier_n that_o keep_v guard_n upon_o the_o frontier_n to_o the_o number_n of_o nine_o hundred_o and_o two_o thousand_o and_o fifty_o four_o the_o auxiliary_a force_n that_o lie_v ready_a to_o march_v to_o their_o assistance_n when_o the_o tartar_n be_v upon_o enter_v into_o china_n be_v innumerable_a there_o be_v nine_o hundred_o fourscore_o and_o nine_o thousand_o a_o hundred_o sixty_o seven_o horse_n appoint_v for_o those_o force_n the_o emperor_n expense_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n amount_v every_o year_n to_o 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seven_o hundred_o sixty_o seven_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o man_n which_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n guard_n and_o attend_v in_o the_o day_n time_n upon_o the_o mandarin_n ambassador_n and_o other_o person_n who_o expense_n the_o king_n defray_v and_o in_o the_o night_n time_n keep_v guard_n about_o their_o bark_n or_o their_o lodging_n the_o horse_n also_o which_o the_o king_n keep_v as_o well_o for_o the_o service_n of_o his_o troop_n as_o for_o his_o post_n and_o messenger_n amount_v to_o five_o hundred_o sixty_o four_o thousand_o and_o nine_o hundred_o but_o when_o there_o happen_v any_o revolt_n or_o any_o war_n the_o army_n which_o rendezvous_n from_o all_o the_o province_n be_v almost_o innumerable_a and_o now_o because_o my_o time_n be_v short_a and_o my_o occasion_n oblige_v i_o to_o brevity_n i_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o the_o principal_a wonder_n of_o this_o empire_n of_o which_o the_o author_n before_o mention_v give_v a_o large_a account_n there_o be_v in_o the_o fifteen_o province_n three_o hundred_o thirty_o and_o one_o famous_a bridge_n not_o much_o inferior_a to_o that_o of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v and_o to_o those_o which_o be_v describe_v by_o father_n martini_n and_o m._n polo_n in_o their_o description_n of_o china_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o upon_o this_o subject_a see_v that_o if_o i_o be_v to_o describe_v every_o structure_n in_o particular_a that_o be_v considerable_a it_o will_v require_v the_o labour_n of_o several_a volume_n there_o be_v also_o in_o china_n two_o thousand_o fourscore_o and_o nineteen_o mountain_n famous_a â—…her_n for_o be_v cut_v into_o the_o shape_n of_o monstrous_a idol_n as_o be_v that_o which_o i_o have_v mention_v in_o the_o relation_n of_o my_o travel_n from_o the_o province_n of_o kiam_fw-la nân_n or_o nankim_v to_o that_o of_o su_n chuen_n and_o which_o i_o send_v into_o europe_n in_o the_o year_n 1643._o or_o for_o their_o fountain_n their_o particular_a plant_n and_o their_o mineral_n of_o great_a virtue_n or_o for_o their_o extraordinary_a strength_n and_o other_o prerogative_n which_o distinguish_v they_o from_o other_o their_o famous_a water_n such_o as_o be_v their_o lake_n full_a of_o fish_n their_o hot_a fountain_n no_o less_o medicinal_a than_o wonderful_a the_o large_a stream_n and_o navigable_a river_n be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o one_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o seventy_o and_o two._n there_o be_v one_o thousand_o fourscore_o and_o nineteen_o piece_n of_o antiquity_n to_o be_v see_v as_o statue_n famous_a painting_n and_o vessel_n of_o high_a price_n and_o great_o esteem_v one_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o fifty_o nine_o tower_n triumphal_a arch_n and_o other_o such_o like_a magnificent_a piece_n of_o workmanship_n erect_v in_o honour_n of_o renown_a prince_n man_n famous_a for_o their_o valour_n or_o their_o learning_n or_o of_o widow_n and_o virgin_n renown_v for_o their_o chastity_n and_o virtue_n two_o hundred_o seventy_o two_o library_n embellish_v with_o sundry_a ornament_n store_v with_o great_a number_n of_o book_n and_o build_v at_o vast_a expense_n there_o be_v likewise_o to_o be_v see_v seven_o hundred_o and_o nine_o temple_n erect_v by_o the_o chinese_n at_o several_a time_n in_o memory_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o considerable_a for_o their_o largeness_n and_o the_o beauty_n of_o their_o architecture_n for_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o chineses_n to_o testify_v a_o extraordinary_a affection_n and_o obedience_n to_o their_o parent_n especial_o after_o their_o death_n and_o therefore_o to_o make_v this_o manifest_a to_o the_o world_n they_o cause_v to_o be_v build_v at_o great_a expense_n most_o stately_a hall_n wherein_o instead_o of_o image_n and_o statue_n they_o set_v up_o in_o cartredge_n the_o name_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o parent_n also_o upon_o certain_a day_n of_o the_o year_n appoint_v by_o the_o family_n to_o which_o the_o temple_n belong_v they_o assemble_v all_o together_o in_o these_o hall_n where_o they_o prostrate_v themselves_o upon_o the_o ground_n in_o token_n of_o love_n and_o veneration_n which_o do_v they_o offer_v incense_n and_o afterward_o make_v a_o spendid_a feast_n at_o several_a table_n rich_o set_v forth_o and_o adorn_v with_o a_o extraordinary_a decency_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o dish_n and_o viand_n well_o dress_v they_o reckon_v about_o four_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o temple_n of_o idol_n very_o famous_a and_o much_o frequent_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o riches_n their_o magnisicence_n and_o the_o pretend_a miracle_n and_o fable_n which_o they_o report_v concern_v their_o idol_n in_o these_o temple_n and_o in_o other_o of_o which_o the_o number_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v incredible_a no_o less_o than_o three_o hundred_o &_o thousand_o bonze_n have_v their_o habitation_n i_o must_v confess_v i_o can_v not_o conceive_v there_o shall_v be_v so_o great_a a_o number_n and_o therefore_o i_o put_v the_o question_n to_o a_o mandarin_n of_o the_o tribune_n of_o ceremony_n who_o be_v one_o of_o my_o friend_n whether_o it_o be_v true_a or_o no_o â—…_n for_o that_o the_o bonze_n be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o tribunal_n and_o receive_v their_o licence_n from_o it_o which_o they_o call_v tutie_z this_o mandarin_n upon_o a_o diligent_a search_n inform_v i_o that_o within_o the_o city_n and_o court_n of_o pekim_n only_o there_o be_v six_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o sixty_o eight_o bonze_n unmarried_a call_v by_o they_o ho_o xám_n and_o five_o thousand_o and_o twenty_o two_o marry_v and_o which_o like_o the_o former_a have_v also_o their_o passport_n and_o licence_n by_o which_o say_v he_o you_o may_v judge_v of_o the_o number_n disperse_v over_o the_o whole_a empire_n beside_o that_o you_o be_v far_o to_o observe_v that_o within_o the_o number_n of_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o mention_v by_o the_o chinese_n historian_n be_v only_o comprehend_v the_o bonze_n which_o have_v licence_n but_o in_o regard_n that_o among_o six_o or_o seven_o bonze_v not_o above_o one_o or_o two_o general_o have_v licence_n shall_v they_o all_o be_v reckon_v into_o the_o number_n they_o will_v certain_o amount_v to_o above_o a_o million_o there_o be_v moreover_o six_o hundred_o fourscore_o and_o five_o mausoleum_n famous_a for_o their_o architecture_n and_o their_o riches_n for_o in_o china_n all_o person_n be_v prohibit_v under_o great_a penalty_n to_o bury_v their_o dead_a within_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o city_n or_o of_o any_o other_o place_n whatever_o so_o that_o after_o they_o have_v put_v the_o corpse_n in_o the_o cousin_n all_o the_o chincks_n and_o jointure_n of_o which_o be_v stop_v up_o with_o bitumen_n to_o prevent_v the_o scent_n of_o the_o dead_a body_n they_o leave_v they_o in_o the_o house_n where_o they_o die_v for_o some_o month_n and_o many_o time_n for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n together_o the_o magistrate_n in_o all_o that_o
ancient_o say_v of_o rome_n all_o thing_n be_v there_o put_v to_o sale_n there_o be_v not_o any_o employment_n of_o governor_n of_o a_o city_n or_o town_n which_o do_v not_o cost_v the_o person_n who_o be_v prefer_v to_o it_o several_z thousand_o of_o crown_n sometime_o twenty_o sometime_o thirty_o and_o so_o proportionable_o for_o all_o other_o office_n great_a and_o small_a to_o be_v a_o viceroy_n or_o governor_n of_o a_o province_n before_o a_o man_n can_v have_v his_o commission_n seal_v will_v cost_v he_o twenty_o thirty_o forty_o and_o sometime_o threescore_o sometime_o seventy_o thousand_o crown_n and_o yet_o so_o far_o be_v the_o king_n from_o receive_v a_o farthing_n of_o this_o money_n that_o he_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o abuse_n only_o the_o grand_a minister_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o colao's_n or_o counsellor_n of_o state_n and_o the_o six_o supreme_a tribunal_n of_o the_o court_n be_v they_o that_o private_o sell_v all_o office_n and_o employment_n to_o the_o viceroy_n and_o great_a mandarin_n of_o the_o province_n on_o the_o other_o side_n they_o to_o satisfy_v their_o avarice_n and_o to_o reimburse_v themselves_o of_o the_o money_n lay_v out_o for_o their_o preferment_n extort_v present_n from_o the_o precedent_n of_o territory_n and_o city_n who_o repay_v themselves_o upon_o the_o governor_n of_o town_n and_o burrough_n and_o they_o or_o rather_o all_o together_o make_v themselves_o whole_a again_o and_o replenish_v their_o purse_n at_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o miserable_a people_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o common_a proverb_n in_o china_n that_o the_o king_n unwitting_o let_v loose_v so_o many_o hangman_n murderer_n hungry_a dog_n and_o wolf_n to_o ruin_n and_o devour_v the_o poor_a people_n when_o he_o create_v new_a mandarin_n to_o govern_v they_o in_o short_a there_o be_v not_o any_o viceroy_n visitor_n of_o a_o province_n or_o any_o such_o like_a officer_n who_o at_o the_o end_n of_o three_o year_n of_o his_o be_v employ_v that_o do_v not_o return_v with_o six_o or_o seven_o hundred_o thousand_o and_o sometime_o a_o million_o of_o crown_n from_o whence_o i_o draw_v one_o conclusion_n which_o to_o i_o seem_v undeniable_a that_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o natural_a inclination_n and_o insatiable_a avarice_n of_o the_o chinese_n there_o be_v very_o little_a money_n in_o china_n but_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o riches_n which_o she_o possess_v within_o herself_o there_o be_v not_o any_o kingdom_n that_o may_v compare_v with_o it_o there_o be_v in_o china_n a_o vast_a quantity_n of_o copper_n iron_n tin_n and_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o metal_n especial_o copper_n and_o latin_n of_o which_o they_o make_v their_o great_a gun_n a_o infinite_a number_n of_o idol_n and_o statue_n and_o several_a sort_n of_o dish_n and_o cup_n of_o various_a form_n and_o of_o a_o price_n and_o value_n extraordinary_a there_o be_v some_o of_o these_o vessel_n which_o either_o for_o their_o antiquity_n or_o because_o they_o be_v make_v in_o such_o a_o king_n reign_n or_o by_o such_o a_o workman_n though_o otherwise_o very_o ordinary_a and_o clownish_a be_v value_v at_o several_a hundred_o of_o crown_n nay_o sometime_o a_o thousand_o and_o more_o and_o indeed_o the_o city_n of_o macao_n afford_v we_o a_o evident_a proof_n of_o the_o great_a plenty_n of_o these_o metal_n for_o that_o in_o that_o one_o city_n there_o be_v cast_v such_o number_n of_o great_a gun_n to_o be_v admire_v for_o their_o goodness_n their_o bigness_n and_o their_o workmanship_n which_o not_o only_o serve_v for_o the_o use_n of_o that_o city_n but_o to_o supply_v several_a place_n in_o the_o indies_n and_o even_o portugal_n itself_o moreover_o a_o man_n may_v judge_v of_o the_o great_a plenty_n of_o copper_n and_o tin_n in_o china_n by_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o copper_n and_o tin_n money_n that_o be_v make_v over_o all_o the_o empire_n these_o piece_n of_o money_n have_v square_a hole_n in_o the_o middle_a and_o so_o be_v thread_a upon_o string_n which_o contain_v every_o one_o a_o thousand_o denier_n and_o general_o you_o exchange_v a_o string_n of_o a_o thousand_o denier_n for_o one_o crown_n or_o chinese_n tael_n and_o this_o exchange_n be_v make_v in_o banks_n and_o public_a place_n appoint_v for_o the_o same_o purpose_n by_o the_o way_n we_o be_v here_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o memorial_n extant_a in_o china_n neither_o do_v we_o meet_v with_o any_o record_n in_o their_o history_n or_o any_o other_o oâ—…_n their_o book_n that_o ever_o they_o make_v use_v oâ—…_n paper-money_n in_o that_o kingdom_n as_o m._n polo_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o second_o book_n chapter_n eighteen_o but_o in_o regard_n that_o m._n polo_n be_v a_o author_n of_o good_a reputation_n i_o will_v here_o unfold_v the_o reason_n that_o make_v he_o commit_v that_o mistake_n the_o copper_n money_n of_o china_n be_v round_o and_o general_o about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o portuguese_a real_a and_o a_o half_a it_o have_v letter_n stamp_v upon_o it_o which_o on_o the_o one_o side_n declare_v the_o name_n of_o the_o reign_v prince_n on_o the_o other_o the_o name_n of_o the_o tribunal_n that_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v covn_v the_o piece_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v not_o coin_v but_o cast_v into_o lingot_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o small_a boat_n which_o at_o macao_n be_v call_v paes_n or_o loaf_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v of_o a_o different_a value_n the_o loaf_n of_o gold_n be_v of_o the_o value_n of_o one_o two_o ten_o and_o twenty_o crown_n those_o of_o silver_n of_o the_o value_n of_o half_a a_o crown_n one_o crown_n ten_o twenty_o fifty_o and_o sometime_o a_o hundred_o and_o three_o hundred_o crown_n these_o they_o cut_v with_o steel_n scissors_n which_o the_o people_n carry_v about_o they_o for_o that_o purpose_n and_o divide_v they_o into_o piece_n big_a or_o lesser_a according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o purchase_a commodity_n this_o be_v grant_v you_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o first_o and_o fifteen_o day_n of_o every_o month_n and_o at_o all_o time_n that_o the_o chineses_n carry_v their_o dead_a to_o enterrment_n they_o burn_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o money_n and_o loaf_n make_v of_o pasteboard_n cover_v over_o with_o leaf-tin_n and_o guild_v over_o with_o leaf-gold_n varnish_v with_o yellow_a now_o these_o pasteboard_n figure_n be_v so_o like_o the_o real_a tin_n money_n and_o loaf_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n that_o foreigner_n who_o be_v not_o well_o instruct_v in_o the_o custom_n and_o superstition_n of_o this_o nation_n may_v easy_o be_v deceive_v so_o much_o the_o rather_o because_o they_o see_v in_o the_o street_n and_o piazza_n at_o every_o turn_n man_n lade_v &_o shop_n full_a of_o this_o counterfeit_n money_n now_o the_o chineses_n burn_v they_o because_o they_o believe_v the_o ash_n turn_v to_o copper_n money_n and_o loaf_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o their_o decease_a parent_n make_v use_v of_o in_o the_o other_o world_n to_o hire_v house_n and_o to_o buy_v clothes_n and_o victual_n and_o to_o purchase_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o king_n of_o hell_n his_o minister_n and_o his_o executioner_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v use_v they_o with_o less_o severity_n and_o be_v more_o remiss_a in_o their_o torment_n as_o also_o to_o oblige_v they_o not_o to_o delay_v but_o rather_o to_o hasten_v the_o time_n of_o their_o transmigration_n or_o metempsychosis_n by_o translate_n their_o soul_n not_o into_o the_o body_n of_o beast_n but_o into_o the_o body_n of_o man_n considerable_a for_o their_o learning_n their_o honour_n and_o their_o wealth_n such_o be_v the_o extraordinary_a ignorance_n and_o blindness_n of_o these_o infidel_n we_o be_v also_o far_o to_o observe_v that_o ancient_o when_o the_o king_n of_o china_n want_v money_n they_o give_v to_o the_o mandarin_n and_o soldier_n in_o part_n of_o their_o pay_n certain_a ticket_n sign_v and_o seal_v with_o the_o king_n seal_n which_o ticket_n be_v make_v of_o pasteboard_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o half_a a_o sheet_n of_o paper_n with_o their_o price_n or_o value_v write_v upon_o they_o thus_o when_o any_o person_n be_v to_o receive_v a_o hundred_o crown_n they_o pay_v he_o fifty_o in_o ready_a money_n and_o the_o other_o fifty_o in_o these_o sort_n of_o ticket_n which_o be_v call_v chaos_n whence_o the_o word_n chaos_n fu_o be_v derive_v but_o because_o the_o people_n scruple_v to_o receive_v these_o billet_n instead_o of_o money_n the_o king_n order_v that_o a_o employment_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o he_o that_o shall_v take_v up_o these_o billet_n and_o bring_v a_o hundred_o back_n into_o the_o royal_a treasury_n and_o a_o more_o considerable_a employment_n to_o he_o that_o shall_v bring_v in_o a_o thousand_o and_o so_o proportionable_o for_o a_o great_a number_n which_o as_o