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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A56130	Aurum reginæ, or, A compendious tractate and chronological collection of records in the Tower and Court of Exchequer concerning queen-gold evidencing the quiddity, quantity, quality, antiquity, legality of this golden prerogative, duty, and revenue of the queen-consorts of England ... / by William Prynne, Esq. ...	Prynne, William, 1600-1669.	1668 (1668)	Wing P3898; ESTC R4976	161,571	146

issue who making his royal progresse together with his said Queen out of Scotland into England to take possession of the Crown and Realm arrived in the City of London on the 7th of May. Anno Dom. 1603. and on the 25 of July following being St. James his day he and his Queen Anne were with great solemnity an●ynted and crowned in the Coll●giate Church of Westminster by Archbishop Whitgift At which time the Earl of Oxford Lord Chamberlain to the Queens Highnesse put in a Claim to have the appointing of a Clerk in the Exchequer for the levying of AVRVM REGINAE out of the Red Book in the Exchequer and Pat. 20 R. 2. forecited p. 24 25. And about the same time Mr. William Cambden Clarencieux second Herald at Armes in a Manuscript Collection reserved in Sir John Cottons Library cap. 16. of the Priviledges of Quén wives inserted this of Aurum Reginae amongst others for which he cites the words of Gervasius Tilberiensis ex libro Rub●o in Scaccario l. 2. cap. 26. de Auro Reginae which concern Queen-gold that Ibld. f. 223. forecited Et quod hic fit mentio de Auro Reginae quod varii varia de exactione illa senserunt quibusdam dicentibus quod Aurum non debetur nisi quando quis finem fecit pro Relevio alii dixerunt quod de quocumque fine Centum Marc. supra Set licet Richardus Ep●scopus refutat istud in libro suo tamen videtur Quod debeatur AVRVM REGINAE de quolibet fine 10. Marcarum et supra quod probari potest per Rotulum Anno 10 Regis Johannis in Berks ubi Abbas Rading finem fecit pro sexaginta marcis pertinent ad Hundredum suum Et eodem Rotulo Titulo AURUM REGINAE reddit Compotum de 20 marcas pro AVRO REGINAE de praedicto five 60 marcarum By reason of the extraordinary Plague of Pestilence in London that year and in most Cities and great Towns throughout England the year following Queen Ann● for ought I find then laid no actual claim to this duty of Queen gold But in the year 1605. Mr. William Hakewill being her Sollicitor General a person well versed in the Records of the Eschequer and other Antiquities afterwards a Bencher and Reader of Lincolnes Inne my very good Friend and Acquaintance compiled and presented to Queen Anne A Treatise upon the Nature of AURUM REGINAE Conteining the Transcript of divers Records produced in proof of several points thereof To be viewed by his Most Excellent Majesty collected and disposed under certain divisions Which being an unprinted Manuscript I shall only present you with his own Preface thereunto and the Chapters thereof SInce the decease of King Henry the 8. unto the time that the Government of this Realm of England did rightfully and happily descend upon our Soveraign Lord King James being conjoyned in the blessed band of Marriage with that Right High and Excellent Princesse Queen Anne the Queens Majesty that now is our Gracious Queen It pleased God that for the space of almost Threescore Years together this Realm happened to be governed either by a King within Age by a Queen marryed unto a Forreign Prince or by a Maiden Queen and not by a marryed King in his own and proper Right as now it is So that it is no marvel that the peculiar rights and Dutyes wherewith the Common Law of this Realm hath endowed the Quéens Majesty that now is as Quéen of this Realm of England should through so long want of a person able to claim and enjoy the same be almost forgotten and being put in Vse seem strange and new Neverthelesse the Records and Remembrances of Ages past which are the surest and most impartial preservers of Rights have not only redeemed the same from the injury of Time which by that rare accident had almost brought them to utter oblivion but may give also full satisfaction to all Objections which can be made against the title right and justnesse of divers things hitherunto not claimed by her Majesty which neverthelesse do clearly belong to her and considering the great blessing which by her means we enjoy do especially deserve to be continued and with all tendernesse preserved Amongst which upon search lately made it doth appear that by the Common Law of the Land Her Majesty hath right to claim and enjoy a Revenue hitherto not demanded by her called AvRvM REGINAE or QUEEN-GOLD Of the Nature of which the Treatise ensuing is written Divided into these Chapters following 1. That there is a Revenue belonging to the Quéens of England called AURUM REGINAE or QUEEN-GOLD 2. Touching the name of AVRUM REGINAE 3. What AVRVM REGINAE is in general 4. The Ordinance of AVRVM REGINAE and the Authority thereof 5. Observations upon the Ordinance de AURO REGINAE 6. That Quéen Gold is due out of all voluntary Offers or Fines made with the King 7. What a Voluntary Offer in this Case was interpreted to be by the Ancient Quéens 8. How a Voluntary Fine is proved by an Ordinance in the Red Book in the Exchequer 9. The several kings of voluntary Fines upon which Queen gold hath been paid 10. The proportion of Queen-gold upon such voluntary Fines 11. That Queen-gold is to be paid to the Queen by the party making Fine oVer and above the Fine wholly paid to the King 12. That the Queen-gold unreceived by her in her life is due to the King after her decease 13. That processe for levying AURUM REGINAE ought to issue out of the Kings Exchequer 14. That the Queen is to have her special Officers in the same Court for the making of such processe and recovery of this to her 15. That the same processe be such as is usual in the Kings case 16. That the Kings processe is first to be served before the Queens 17. That although the Kings Majestie release part or all of his Fine or deferr his processe for the same yet shall not thereby the Queens debt be either released or deferred without her consent 18. Out of how small Fines Queen-gold is due 19. That Queen-gold is due by the Common Law of the Land Upon King James his perusal of this Treatise he referred the Examination and Consideration thereof to his Chief Justice Popham and Sir Edward Cooke as we are since informed by the 12. Part of his Reports published after his death London 1656. during our late Anarchy pag. 21 22. relating the issue and result thereof in these ensuing words Pasch 4. Jac. Regis Note by the Commandement of the King it was ref●rred to Popham Chief Baron mis-printed for Chief Justice and my self What right the Queen which now is hath and in what cases to a right claimed by her called AURUM REGINAE that is to say Pro centum Marcis Argenti una Marca Auri solvend per illum qui sponte se obligat And upon consideration had of it by a long

Jurisdictions of our English and Irish Parliaments and all other Courts and Grand Officers whatsoever Civil Ecclesiastical Naval or Military the Soveraign Rights Titles of our Kings to the Crowns and all Crown-Lands of England Scotland Ireland Wales France Normandy Aquitain Gascoign Britany the Isles of Oleron Jersy Gernsy Alderny Serke Man Anglesey Scilley Lundy and to the British Ocean the several Prerogatives Royalties of our Kings Queens Princes of Wales and Coun●y Palatines the Militia and Defence of our Realms by Land or Sea the Successions Endowments Revenues Priviledges Salaries of our Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors Judges Officers of all sorts the Charters Foundations Confirmations Franchises of all kinds of Corporations the Appropriations of Churches the Creations Pedigrees Tenures Lands Services Fairs Markets Parks Chaces Warrens Royalties Customs Revenues of most of the English Irish Scotish Nobility and Gentry the Bounds Perambulations Assarts Deafforrestations of all Forests Chaces the Mints Stanneries Mines Coine Trade Exchanges Merchandize Government of England Scotland Ireland and Isles belonging to them the Treaties Leagues with Foreign Kings States sundry rare excellent Writs Prohibitions Proclamations Inquisitions Commissions Charters Letters of our Kings to Foreign Emperors Kings States Popes Cardinals and their Letters Bulls to them concerning State and Church affairs Cases Appeals and matters of Common Martial Marine Law Law of Merchants concerning Reprisals Depredations Arms Heraldry and whatever else may conduce to make heroick studious spirits accomplished Lawyers Heralds Historians Statesmen are comprised and rolled up in obscurity in our over-much neglected Records upon which account our Kings have had special care to preserve them as sacred and their best richest Treasures in the Tower of London and other places of greatest security If these Collections shall excite any Gentlemen of my Profession or others to a more industrious search study of Records or contribute any addition to the Dignity Splendor amplitude of our Common Laws the grand Supporters Preservers of the Crowns Scepters Royalties of our Kings and Queens as well as of the Subjects Liberties Properties Lives I shall repute my pains and cost sufficiently recompenced and be thereby encouraged through Gods assistance to voluminous publications of Records of another more general usefull subject wherein I am engaged for the Honour of our English Kings Kingdom Church Nation Laws against all Foreign and Domestick Usurpations on or Underminers of them From my Study in Lincolns-Inne March 25. 1668. William Prynne A Compendious TRACTATE CONCERNING AVRVM REGINAE The PROEME OBserving in my perusal of ancient Records in the Tower of London and Kings Court of Exchequer at Westminster many remarkable Patents Writs Cases Passages Resolutions and some Accounts concerning the most ancient eminent benefical Royal Prerogative of the QUEEN CONSORTS OF ENGLAND stiled AVRVM REGINAE or QUEEN-GOLD conferred on their Majesties by the Lawes of England as an Honorary contingent Revenue inseparably annexed to their Persons by virtue of their Marriage to our Kings intituling them to this and sundry other Regalities Prerogatives frequently mentioned in our Records and law-Law-Books Yet finding no Mention nor Discourse concerning AVRVM REGINAE in Sir Henry Spelmans Glossary or any printed Volume of the Common Law except only in Sir Edward Cooks posthumus Twelf Part of his Reports published in a time of Anarchy wherein he cuts off several rich Veins of this Gold Mine contracting it into such diminutive narrow limits not warranted by the Records there briefly quoted as render it inconsiderable unworthy the Title of a Royal Prerogative or the claim receit of any future Qu●●n Consorts notwithstanding their undoubted Right Title to this Golden Duty which he doth ingenuously acknowledge Upon this account I apprehended I could not perform a more acceptable loyal Service to the KINGS and QUEENS of ENGLAND or communicate a more desirable Piece of Antiquity Law to the Students or Professors of the Common Law then to present unto their View this Summary Chronological Collection of those rare Records I have met with which most perspicuously evidence the Quiddity Quality Quantity Antiquity Legality of this ROYAL DUTY of QUEEN-GOLD the Fines or Mines out of which it springs the Officers and Processe in the Kings Exchequer by which it was anciently received levied accounted for to the Queen Consort whiles living and to the King himself after her decease with other particulars that concern it necessary for the Exact Discovery knowledge recovery of this long discontinued concealed Treasure and reducing this old GOLDEN FLEECE into our new Queens Wardrobes and Cabinets In order whereunto I have here briefly digested all I yet know that concerns this Subject into these 6. ensuing Sections SECTION I. What AURUM REGINAE is as to its Quiddity Quality Quantity or Proportion THE first thing I shall present you with is a Brief Definition of Aurum Reginae as to its Quiddity Quality Quantity or Proportion Aurum Reginae is a Royal Debt Duty or Revenue belonging and accruing to every Queen Consort during her marriage to the King of England both by Law Custom and Prescription time out of minde due by every Person of what quality or calling soever within the Realms of England or Ireland who hath made a voluntary Oblation Obligation or Fine to the King amounting to Ten Marks or upwards for any Priviledges Franchises Dispensations Licenses Pardons Grants or other Matters of royal Grace or Favor conferred on him by the King arising from and answerable to the quantity of such his Oblation or Fine to wit one full tenth part over and above the intire Fine or Oblation to the King as one Mark for every ten Marks and ten pounds for every hundred pound fine and so proportionably for every other sum exceeding ten Marks Or one Mark of gold to the Queen for every 100. Mark fine in silver to the King being both one in value and proportion Which Summe becomes a real Debt and Duty to the Quéen by the Name of Aurum Reginae by and upon the parties bare agreement with the King for his fine without any promise to or contract with the King or Queen for this tenth part exceeding it which becomes a Debt on Record to the Queen by the very recording of the Fine This Definition or Description of Aurum Reginae the following Records in the 6. Section will both explain and confirm in all its branches to which for brevity I referr you SECT II. Why it was originally and till this day stiled Aurum Reginae THE true reasons as I apprehend why it was originally stiled Aurum Reginae were two First because Gold being the Queen best chiefest purest richest fairest durablest most desirable of all other Metals as Philosophers and Divines assert though paid with a greater proportion of Silver to our Queens or Kings gave the name or denomination of Gold to the intire summe according to the received Maxim Denominatio sequitur meliorem partem to which that of Horace may be applied Et

genus et formam Gold REGINA PECUNIA donat 2ly Because anciently many if not most voluntary Oblations Fines made to our Kings and particularly this duty of Queen-gold to our Queens were paid in Gold either in masse by weight or in coyn as the Fine and Pipe Rolls during the reigns of King John Henry the 2. 3. and Edward 1. abundantly testifie I shall instance only in some Fines to the King there being hundreds of the like nature since other Records in the 6th Section will evidence this duty to our Queens to be paid in gold whereupon it was called AURUM REGINAE In the Fine Roll of 36 H. 3. m. 1. in the Tower Adam de Sumery dat Regi dimid marc Auri pro habendo respectu de Milicia sua Solvit P. Chaceper Et quietus est Willielmus fil Odonelli dat Regi pondus duorum solidorum Auri pro habendo respectu de Milicia sua Walterus de Burys dat Regi sex Bizanc Besants a Gold Coin made at Bizantium of the value of a golden Noble then frequent and currant in England and other parts especially among the Jews and Saracens and often mentioned in our Records Histories pro eodem respectu Militiae habendo Thomas de Weseham Cirurgicus Regis dat Regi 12 Talenta viz. Auri pro quadam Carta habenda Richardus de Munfichet dat Regi decem Marc. Auri de quibus solvit duas Marc. in Garderoba Regis pro habenda Balliva sua Forest● quae cap●a fuit in manum Regis Et de residuis octo Marc. Auri Rex concessit ei quod reddat ei 4. Marc. ad Pasch An. 36. Et 4. Marc. ad festnm S. Michaelis prox sequens There are hundreds of like presidents in this and other Fine Rolls Neither was this the usage only of England but of most other Countries to present Kings and pay them their Tributes Rents Customs Fines in Gold the King of all other Metals therefore most apt congruous for their Royal Majesty whose heads were usually adorned with Crowns their hands with SCEpters of pure Gold and their Queens arrayed in vestures of Gold as emblems of their Royalty Upon this ground Hyram King of Tyre and the Queen of Sheba presented King Solomon with sundry Talents of Gold who had likewise coming to him every year the weight of 666. Talents of Gold besides that he received of the Merchant men and all the Kings of Arabia and Governors of the Country in customes and rents whence Solomon stiles Gold The peculiar Treasure of Kings Upon this account King David and Isaiah prophecying of the Kingdome and Regality of Christ used these expressions The Kings of Tharshish and of the Isles shall bring presents the Kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer gifts c. and to him shall be given of the Gold of Sheba All they from Sheba shall come and shall bring Gold and Incense Literally fulfilled by the Wise men who came from the East by the conduct of a Starre to worship our Saviour Christ when born KING of the Jews who comming into the house where he was with his mother they fell down and worshipped Him not his Mother as the Romanists erroniously do yea as much or more than him and when they had opened their Treasures they offered unto him not her their gifts GOLD Frankincense and Myrrhe On which u St. Cyprian hath this memorable observation Primitiae gentium Sacramentalia munera proferunt de thesauro profitentes ex ratione munerum de eo quem adorabant quid credebant IN AVRO REGEM in thure Sacerdotem in myrrha incorruptibilem quam●is passibilem profitentur Moreover the sacred Story records that Sennacherib King of Assyria put Hezechiah King of Judah to a Fine or Tribute of 30. Talents of Gold to satisfie which he cut off the Gold from the doors and pillars of the Temple and gave it to the King of Assyria After which Pharaoh Necho King of Egypt put the land to a Tribute of 100 Talents of Silver and one Talent of Gold proportionable to Aurum Reginae which King Jehoiakim gave him exacting the silver and Gold afterwards from the people of the Land from every one according to his taxation and that by way of fine or composition for their rebellions against the King of Assyria and Pharaoh Necho In brief As the Kings of England by their Prerogative royal have all Mines of Gold in whose soil soever they are found annexed and appropriated to their Crownes whence they were stiled ROYAL MINES So this duty being a Golden Mine united to the Persons Crowns of the Queen wives of England and for the most part paid in Gold was stiled AVRVM REGINAE SECT III. The Antiquity Legality and Reasonableness of Aurum Reginae THE next thing to be inquired into and evidenced is the Antiquity Legality and Reasonableness of this Duty of Aurum Reginae which I shall but briefly touch because the ensuing Records Sect. 6. will at large demonstrate it It s Antiquity will best appear by the first Record and Discourse I have yet discovered concerning it viz. the learned Dialogue of Gervasius Tilberiensis Nephew to our K. Henry the 2. and an Officer under him in his Court of Exchequer of whom John Bale Bishop of Ossory renders us this character Gervasius Tilberiensis Henrici secundi Anglorum Regis Nepos vir non mediocriter eruditus literarum titulo bonarum insignis c. This Dialogue of his contains the foundation Constitution Jurisdiction Officers Proceedings of the Court of the Kings Exchequer in that and former Ages being reserved therein as a most Eminent Record and Directory for the proceedings thereof stiled by most The Red Book of the Exchequer wherein there is a particular Chapter and Discourse DE AURO REGINAE which I shall present you with in its proper place not as a Prerogative or Duty introduced established in that age but belonging to our Queen-Consorts time out of minde as ancient as any Debts or Duties belonging to our Kings and coaeval with them To which I shall only subjoyn the Writs of King Edward the 3d. directed to the Barons of his Exchequer on behalf of Queen Philip Term. Pasch An. regni sui 12. And to his Justices Treasurer and Chancellor of Ireland An. regni sui 34. for levying this Debt and Duty for her use in Ireland as well as England which recite That aliae Reginae praedictum aurum illud recipere consueverunt totis temporibus retroactis Ipsaque et omnes praedecessores suae Reginae Angliae habere et percipere consueverunt de tempore quo non extat memoria de AURO REGINAE unam Marcā de singulis decem Marcis omnium finium Nobis in Curiis nostris tam in Anglia quam in Hibernia factarum This Duty hath been accordingly claimed enjoyed by all Queens since till the reign

Oliver de Punchardin debet 2. m. de eod Aurum Reginae Rob. de Albeneio redd Comp. de 9 l. de eod In thesauro 7 l. 8 d. Et debet 20 s. 4 d. Willielm de Bello Campo redd Comp. de 54 m. de eod In thesaur 9 l. Et debet 24 l. di m. Duncanus de Lasceles 7 l. 4 s. de eod Walter de Trailli 45 m. pro eod In Magno Rotulo de Anno 17 Regis Johannis c. Aurum Reginae Willielmus de Belchamp 24 l. di m. de Auro Reginae Duncanus de Lascell 7 l. 4 s. pro eod Walterus de Trailli 45 m. pro eod Aurum Reginae Robertus de Curtenai deb 4 m. auri pro Fine de Sutton Josce de Plugen●i deb 1 m. auri pro terra matris suae Aurum Reginae Hawisa de Curtenai 7 m. di auri pro Honor. de Okemanton Will. Painell 2 m. Auri de Fine suo It is evident by all our Historians that Isabel daughter of the Earl of Engolisme married to King John in the first year of his reign after his divorse from Hawes the Earl of Glocesters daughter survived him which being premised I shall observe from these Records in King Johns reign 1. That this AVRVM REGINAE was claimed and received as a just legal Debt and Prerogative to the Queen in and from the first till the last year of King Johns reign by this special Name and Title 2ly That it was specially charged in the Great Rolls in the Pipe Office and levyed accounted for in the Kings Exchequer under this very Title of AVRVM REGINAE in the self-same manner by the same Process as the Kings own debts 〈◊〉 were levyed and accounted for 3ly That 〈◊〉 was due and paid out of all voluntary Fines and compositions made or pay● 〈◊〉 the King for the restitution of lands seised into his hands for reliefs wardships grants of Mariages Lands liberties and for voluntary Fines ransoms amerciaments for offences misdemeanors or pardons of them and that by Jewes as well as Christians 4ly That the proportion of this Duty was one Mark out of every Fine or Oblation of or above the sum of 10. Marks 5ly That King John no doubt by his Queens consent and agreement challenged and levyed AURUM REGINAE as a Debt Duty belonging to himself as well as to his Queen That he ordered it to be paid into and accounted for in the Court of Exchequer where he constituted a special Officer to keep the Rolls thereof and to demand levy receive and account for it from time to time 6ly That he somtimes gave several times for the payment thereof in the Exchequer by equal portions and that what could not be levyed thereof at one time by one Sheriff was afterwards levyed and accounted for by another 7ly That all the Lands as well as goods chattels of the persons from whom it grew due at the time of the Fine or Obiation first made were liable to be extended for it into whose hands soever they came by descent or grant without any suit at Law being a Debt due upon Record in the Fine and Pipe Rolls in the same manner that Debts to Jews were levyed by the King when devolved to him In the Fine Roll in the Tower Anno 17. Johan Regis m. 4 5. I find many considerable Fines and Oblations made to the King by several Persons Cities Corporations in Ireland out of which Aurum Reginae was then due and payd to the Queen in Ireland as well as in England as the Clause Roll of 33 E. 3. 〈◊〉 17. and other Records assure us though I find no Account thereof in the Pipe Rolls here From King John I descend to the reign of King Henry the 3d. his Son who being an infant scarce ten years of age when he was crowned King this Duty of Queen-gold was discontinued till his marriage of the Lady Eleanor second daughter of Raimund Earl of Province in the 20th year of his reign Anno gratia 1236. when it immediately revived and vested in her Majesty as these ensuing Records during his long turbulent reign will inform and resolve us The Red Book in the Kings Remembrancers Office in the Exchequer at Westminster records that at the Coronation of this his Queen Eleanor in the twentieth year of his reign at Westminster one John de Sanford put in his claim to be the Queens Chamberlain and that by virtue of his Office amongst other appendants thereunto belonging he ought to appoint one Clerk in the Exchequer to receive the QVEENS GOLD who ought to have 6 d. a day out of this duty for his Salary which was then deferred and disallowed afterwards as other Records assure us Which claim of his I finde thus certified out of the Red Book by the Barons of the Exchequer into the Court of Chancery and there exemplified at the request of Albred de Vere Earl of Oxford Chamberlain to King Richard the second and inserted into his Patent Anno 20 R. 2. REX omnibus ad quos c. Inspeximus c. Inspeximus etiam quandam Certificationem nobis in Cancellaria nostra per Thesaurarium Barones de Scaccario nostro de mandato nostro missam in haec verba Praetextu Brevis Regii huic Cedulae consuti scrutato Rubro Libro penes Scaccarium residente compertum est in eodem fol. viz. 232. quod Anno vicesimo Regis Henrici filii Johannis coronata fuit Regina Alienora filia Hugonis Comitis Provinciae apud Westm ubi continetur inter alia sic De praedictis Officiis nullus sibi jus vendicavit in domo Reginae excepto G. de Sanford quia veteri jure Praedecessorum suorum dixit se debere esse Camerarium Reginae Cameram Hostium ea die custodire quod ibi obtinuit habuit etiam tanquam jus suum totum lectum Reginae et Bastines et alia quae spetant ad Cameram Vendicavit etiam se debere unum Clericum in Scaccario ad exrigendum AVRVM REGINAE qui percipiet ut dicitur depraedicto AVRO qualibet die se● denarios pro liberatione set fuit dilatum Nos autem Transcripta Certificationem praedicta ad requisitionem dilecti Consanguinei nostri Albredi de Veer nunc Comitis Oxon. ●enore praesentium duximus Exemplificanda In cujus c. Teste Rege apud Westm quinto die Februarii Insteed of his Clerk REX 5 assignavit Laurentium de Castellis ad recipiendum et custodiendum AVRVM REGINAE ad magnum Scaccarium Regis ad respondendum inde per manum suam Et mandatum est Justiciariis ad custodiam Iudaeorum assignatis Quod AVRVM quod ipsam REGINAM continget ad Scaccarium Iudaeorum ei faciat liberari ad respondendum inde sicut praedictum est Teste Rege apud Mortelak 13 die Maii. REX Baronibus de Scaccario Mandamus vobis quatinus

regni Domini mei Regis nunc 2o. quamdiu nobis placuerit percipiend annuatim per manus suas proprias de Recept sua talia feod vadia qualia alii Recept temporibus aliarum Reginarum Angliae habuerunt et perceperunt ad festa Pasch Sancti Michaelis per equales porciones necnon alia vestur profic commoditat dicto officio debita consueta Damus igitur universis singulis Recept Ballivis Bedellis occupat approvat Tenen Offic. Ministris nostris quibuscunque ac omnibus aliis quorum interest tenore praesentium firmiter in mandatis quod eidem Edmundo in executione et occupatione Offic. praedicti intendentes sint respondentes in omnibus prout decet In cujus rei testimonium has Literas nostras signo nostro Manual signat fieri fecimus Patentes Dat. sub magno sigillo nostro apud Castrum metuendissimi Domini mei de Wyndesore octavo die Julii Anno regni dicti Domini mei tercio In the first year of the reign of King Henry the 8. who had no lesse than six Queen Consorts to some of whom he was very unkind I found this Patent of his first Queen Katherine to Richard Decons constituting him her Receiver General of all herrents and revenues and likewise of her Qeen-gold by expresse name enrolled in the Rolls of that year in the Kings Remembrancers Office MEmorandum quod Richardus Decons Armiger venit coram Baronibus hujus Scaccarii quartodecimo die Novembris hoc Termino in propria persona sua exhibuit Curiae hic quasdant 5 Literas Patentes Dominae Katerinae Reginae Angliae Consortis Domini Regis nunc de magno Sigillo ipsius Dominae Reginae eidem Richardo de Officio Generalis Receptoris ipsius Dominae Reginae confect petens literas illas hic in Curia irrotulari Et Barones Literas illas irrotulari praeceperunt in haec verba KATHERINA Dei Gratiâ Regina Angliae Franciae Domina Hyberniae Omnibus ad quos praesentes literae pervenerint salutem Sciatis quod nos de gratia nostra speciali ac de fidelitate circumspectione et industria dilecti Servientis nostri Richardi Decons Armigeri plenius confidentes Constituimus et 5 Ordinavimus ipsum Richardum Generalem Receptorem nostrum omnium Castrorum Honorum Dominiorum Maneriorum Terrarum Tenementorum Reddit Firm. Feod Firmarum Annuitat AVRI vocat Quene Gold ac aliarum Commoditat nostrarum quarumcunque nobis pertinen seu spectan Et ulterius officium Generalis Receptoris nostri praedicti praefato Richardo Decons damus et concedimus per praesentes Ac etiam volumus tenore praesentium Authoritatem damus et concedimus praefato Richardo ad approvand omnia praedict Castra Honores Dominia Maneria Terr Ten. caetera praemissa cum pertinentiis ad majus proficuum commodum nostra ad constituend deputand ordinand omnes officiarios pro Receptione omnium singulorum denar nobis debit imposterum debend de Exit Recept dictorum Castrorum Honorum Dominiorum Maneriorum Terr Ten. ac caeterorum praemissorum secundum suam discretionem prout sibi melius videbitur pro nostris commodo et proficuis Ac de Recept suis praedictis acquietan nomine nostro dand sigilland Habend tenend occupand officium praedictum praefato Richardo à festo Annunciationis beatae Mariae Virginis ultimo praeterito quamdiu nobis placuerit percipiend annuatim per manus suas proprias de Receptione sua praedicta talia feod vadia qualia alii Recept temporibus aliarum Reginarum habuerunt et perceperunt ad festa Sancti Michaelis Archangeli Paschae per aequales porciones unà cum omnibus aliis proficuis commoditatibus emolumentis dicto officio pertinen sive spectant Damus igitur universis singulis Receptoribus Ballivis Bedellis occupat approvat Tenen Offic. Ministris nostris quibuscunque Ac omnibus aliis quorum interest tenore praesentium firmiter in mandatis quod eidem Richardo in executione et occupatione Offic. praedicti intendentes sint respondentes in omnibus prout decet In cujus rei testimonium has Literas nostras fieri fecimus Patentes Dat. sub magno sigillo nostro apud Manerium Domini mei de Grenewich vicesimo die Junii Anno regni dicti Domini mei Regis Henrici Octavi primo Mr. William Hakewill in his Treatise of Queen-gold and others inform us That Richard Deacons was Receptor Generalis Katherinae Reginae Anno 12. usque 22 H. 8. AVRI SVI for which he received a fee of 50 l. per annum as doth appear by an Account of his in the keeping of Queen Annes Auditor Anno 5 Jacobi Regis And that Katherine first Queen Consort to King Henry the 8. constituted him her Receiver General of all her rents monyes debts and also of her Quéen-gold Which no lesse argueth the distinction of the Office of Receiver of the Quéens gold then the other special Patents for the same The words in which Account are these Richardus Deconus Armig. Generalis Receptor omnium terrarum tenementorum c. Katherinae Reginae Angliae AVRI REGINAE vocati QUEEN-GOLD Which Account of his I have not yet seen nor know where to find The Pipe Roll Anno 22 H. 8. informs us That Griffinus Richards Armig. was Generalis Receptor denarior AVRI REGINAE Katherinae Consortis H. 8. So likewise as Mr. Hakewill writes in the Letters Patents of Queen Anne Bulloigne which he and others referr to Anno 25 27 H. 8. which I cannot finde after a double search for them made unto George Taylour her Attorney General are found these words Anna c. Ordinamus c. Georgium Taylour Receptorem Generalem omnium reddituum c. et AVRI REGINAE vocati QUEEN-GOLD But how much Queen-gold any of H. 8. his Queens in his reign received or what Writs issued for the levying therof I cannot yet discover Only Mr. William Hakewill informs us of one Account in the Custody of Queen Annes Auditor and of the form of a Writ for levying AURUM REGINAE to the use of Queen Katherine last Wife to King Henry the 8. found in an old President Book of that time which I have not yet met with which no doubt agrees with the form of the pr●mised Writs of that kinde This duty of Aurum Reginae being totally suspended and put in long abeyance from the decease of King Henry the 8. in the year 1547. by reason of King Edward the 6. his death before marriage and the descent of the Crown to Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth as Soveraign Queens not Queen Consorts uncapable of this duty was again re-continued and revived by the descent of the Realm and Crown of England by undoubted Inheritance and Succession to King James the 6. of Scotland then married to Queen Anne by whom he had