which_o be_v so_o very_o filthy_a and_o intolerable_o obscene_a that_o it_o be_v a_o shame_n even_o so_o much_o as_o to_o repeat_v they_o after_o he_o these_o than_o must_v never_o be_v do_v for_o one_o country_n nor_o will_v one_o country_n ever_o desire_v that_o they_o shall_v for_o the_o best_a on_o it_o be_v it_o be_v impossible_a such_o a_o conjuncture_n shall_v happen_v as_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v profitable_a for_o any_o republic_n to_o have_v wise_a man_n be_v guilty_a of_o such_o abominable_a action_n we_o may_v lay_v down_o this_o then_o for_o a_o certain_a conclusion_n that_o when_o several_a duty_n come_v into_o competition_n those_o shall_v take_v place_n before_o any_o other_o which_o relate_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o human_a society_n for_o wise_a and_o considerate_a act_n be_v the_o end_n of_o all_o knowledge_n and_o prudent_a think_v and_o end_n and_o according_a to_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o philosopher_n the_o end_n be_v always_o more_o valuable_a than_o that_o which_o be_v only_o do_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o end_n by_o consequence_n that_o be_v more_o valuable_a than_o this_o and_o so_o much_o may_v suffice_v upon_o this_o subject_a for_o i_o think_v i_o have_v sufficient_o clear_v the_o way_n so_o that_o hereafter_o there_o will_v be_v no_o difficulty_n to_o know_v which_o duty_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o which_o but_o those_o very_a duty_n which_o relate_v to_o society_n be_v of_o different_a rate_n and_o degree_n among_o themselves_o but_o it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o see_v in_o what_o order_n they_o lose_v they_o a_o eminent_a stoic_a scholar_n of_o panaetius_n he_o be_v bear_v at_o apamea_n a_o town_n in_o syria_n but_o live_v at_o rhodes_n where_o panaetius_n have_v be_v before_o he_o see_v chap._n 2._o book_n 3._o he_o be_v one_o of_o cicero_n master_n who_o some_o where_n call_v he_o well_fw-mi omnium_fw-la stoicoram_n maximum_fw-la pompey_n the_o great_a in_o his_o return_n from_o the_o asian_a war_n go_v to_o rhodes_n on_o purpose_n to_o hear_v he_o his_o work_n be_v lose_v ought_v to_o be_v perform_v as_o in_o the_o first_o place_n those_o to_o the_o immortal_a go_n second_o to_o our_o native_a country_n three_o to_o our_o parent_n and_o so_o on_o to_o all_o other_o in_o their_o respective_a place_n what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o a_o few_o word_n on_o this_o last_o head_n i_o hope_v be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o man_n not_o only_o to_o doubt_v whether_o such_o and_o such_o a_o action_n be_v honest_a or_o dishonest_a but_o also_o of_o two_o that_o be_v both_o of_o they_o honest_a which_o be_v the_o most_o so_o this_o be_v one_o of_o those_o two_o head_n which_o i_o at_o first_o observe_v be_v omit_v by_o panaetius_n let_v we_o now_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o our_o propose_a division_n the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o book_n tully_n be_v office_n the_o second_o book_n chap._n i._n what_o will_v be_v the_o subject_a of_o this_o second_o book_n he_o applies_z himself_o to_o the_o study_n of_o philosophy_n as_o his_o great_a consolation_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o public_a calamity_n of_o his_o country_n what_o those_o duty_n be_v son_n mark_z which_o honesty_n and_o virtue_n require_v of_o we_o and_o how_o they_o arise_v from_o their_o several_a fountain_n be_v i_o think_v plain_a enough_o from_o the_o former_a book_n i_o be_o now_o in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o speak_v of_o those_o other_o which_o whole_o regard_v the_o convenience_n of_o life_n and_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o get_v and_o enjoyment_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o serve_v for_o our_o comfortable_a subsistence_n here_o such_o as_o interest_n riches_n etc._n etc._n and_o here_o i_o tell_v you_o the_o common_a head_n of_o deliberation_n be_v what_o be_v profitable_a and_o what_o unprofitable_a and_o of_o several_a profitable_n which_o be_v more_o and_o which_o most_o of_o all_o such_o write_v such_o have_v propose_v the_o subject_a about_o which_o he_o be_v to_o treat_v in_o this_o book_n he_o defer_v discourse_v of_o it_o till_o he_o have_v answer_v two_o objection_n make_v against_o he_o for_o this_o sort_n of_o write_v concern_v which_o i_o shall_v begin_v to_o speak_v after_o i_o have_v premise_v but_o a_o word_n or_o two_o in_o vindication_n of_o myself_o and_o my_o present_a undertake_n for_o though_o my_o book_n have_v excite_v several_a both_o to_o the_o read_n and_o even_o write_v of_o philosophy_n maxim_n philosophy_n the_o first_o objection_n against_o he_o be_v that_o he_o spend_v too_o much_o time_n and_o take_v too_o much_o pain_n in_o such_o a_o fruitless_a study_n as_o that_o of_o philosophy_n for_o the_o roman_n be_v a_o rough_a and_o ambitious_a people_n mind_v nothing_o before_o those_o time_n but_o the_o art_n of_o war_n and_o increase_a the_o glory_n of_o their_o empire_n as_o for_o philosophy_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v count_v fit_a for_o none_o almost_o but_o pedant_n and_o as_o they_o use_v to_o call_v they_o the_o trifle_a insignificant_a grecian_n tu_fw-la regere_fw-la imperia_fw-la populos_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v their_o maxim_n yet_o i_o be_o now-and-then_a apt_a to_o be_v afraid_a lest_o some_o who_o be_v otherwise_o very_o good_a man_n shall_v hate_v and_o despise_v the_o very_a name_n of_o that_o study_n and_o wonder_v at_o i_o for_o bestow_v such_o portion_n of_o my_o time_n and_o pain_n in_o so_o very_o fruitless_a and_o insignificant_a a_o manner_n to_o who_o i_o answer_v he_o answer_v he_o excuse_v himself_o for_o spend_v his_o time_n in_o this_o idle_a manner_n by_o show_v what_o he_o have_v former_o do_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o how_o desirous_a he_o be_v of_o do_v the_o same_o again_o if_o the_o time_n will_v permit_v he_o that_o so_o long_o as_o the_o republic_n be_v govern_v by_o those_o to_o who_o care_n and_o management_n she_o have_v entrust_v herself_o i_o be_v ever_o diligent_a and_o employ_v all_o my_o thought_n for_o her_o good_a and_o preservation_n but_o when_o hand_n when_o julius_n caesar_n who_o have_v conquer_v pompey_n the_o great_a get_v the_o whole_a power_n of_o rome_n into_o his_o hand_n one_o man_n have_v seize_v of_o she_o whole_o to_o himself_o and_o there_o be_v no_o place_n leave_v for_o my_o counsel_n or_o authority_n and_o when_o i_o have_v lose_v those_o extraordinary_a person_n who_o have_v be_v my_o companion_n in_o labour_v for_o her_o interest_n i_o resolve_v not_o to_o sink_v into_o anguish_n and_o despair_n which_o have_v whole_o overwhelmed_a i_o if_o i_o have_v not_o resist_v they_o nor_o to_o follow_v such_o pleasure_n or_o idle_a way_n of_o live_v as_o be_v improper_a and_o unbecoming_a a_o man_n of_o learning_n i_o can_v hearty_o wish_v have_v it_o so_o please_v the_o god_n that_o the_o republic_n have_v continue_v in_o its_o ancient_a condition_n and_o never_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o plut._n of_o not_o only_o caesar_n but_o mark_v anthony_n and_o his_o adherent_n who_o after_o the_o murder_n of_o caesar_n endeavour_v to_o get_v the_o sole_a power_n to_o himself_o see_v his_o life_n in_o plut._n those_o man_n who_o aren't_a so_o much_o for_o change_a as_o overturning_a every_o thing_n i_o shall_v then_o as_o i_o do_v in_o its_o flourish_a circumstance_n spend_v my_o time_n rather_o in_o business_n than_o write_v and_o what_o i_o do_v write_v will_v not_o be_v thing_n of_o this_o moral_a nature_n but_o my_o public_a oration_n as_o i_o have_v often_o do_v but_o when_o the_o poor_a state_n which_o have_v take_v up_o all_o my_o care_n and_o thought_n and_o for_o which_o i_o have_v labour_v with_o all_o my_o power_n be_v utter_o ruin_v and_o sink_v into_o nothing_o there_o be_v quick_o no_o room_n leave_v for_o such_o oration_n either_o at_o the_o bar_n or_o in_o the_o senate-house_n and_o my_o active_a mind_n which_o have_v always_o be_v employ_v in_o that_o kind_n of_o study_n now_o not_o be_v able_a to_o lie_v whole_o idle_a i_o think_v i_o can_v not_o find_v out_o a_o better_a way_n to_o get_v rid_v of_o those_o trouble_n which_o oppress_v my_o mind_n than_o by_o return_v again_o to_o the_o study_n of_o philosophy_n i_o have_v spend_v a_o good_a part_n of_o my_o time_n in_o these_o whilst_o i_o be_v young_a for_o the_o improvement_n of_o my_o reason_n but_o when_o i_o come_v once_o to_o be_v a_o candidate_n for_o place_n and_o devote_a myself_o to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o public_a i_o have_v little_a time_n leave_v for_o philosophical_a inquiry_n only_o so_o much_o as_o can_v be_v spare_v from_o the_o business_n of_o my_o friend_n and_o the_o state_n which_o be_v whole_o take_v up_o in_o nothing_o but_o read_v without_o any_o leisure_n at_o all_o for_o write_v chap._n ii_o some_o advantage_n to_o be_v draw_v out_o
though_o he_o be_v sure_a to_o keep_v it_o secret_a from_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o man_n and_o even_o the_o god_n themselves_o that_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o duty_n of_o prudence_n and_o justice_n of_o fortitude_n and_o moderation_n in_o a_o word_n here_o be_v rule_n for_o the_o government_n of_o our_o life_n in_o relation_n to_o god_n our_o neighbour_n and_o ourselves_o such_o as_o be_v deserve_o admire_v in_o a_o heathen_a and_o may_v have_v well_o become_v even_o a_o christian_a writer_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o to_o procure_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o former_a we_o must_v live_v a_o religious_a and_o holy_a life_n that_o as_o to_o the_o second_o there_o be_v a_o alliance_n or_o society_n between_o all_o mankind_n whereby_o each_o particular_a be_v oblige_v to_o do_v his_o best_a towards_o promote_a the_o happiness_n and_o welfare_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o rather_o to_o die_v than_o do_v another_o any_o injury_n that_o as_o to_o ourselves_o we_o shall_v always_o consider_v the_o dignity_n and_o excellence_n of_o our_o reasonable_a nature_n and_o take_v care_n that_o we_o never_o be_v guilty_a of_o any_o action_n that_o may_v any_o wise_a stain_n or_o unbecome_v its_o honour_n this_o as_o he_o go_v on_o will_v quick_o teach_v we_o how_o base_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o dissolve_v in_o luxury_n softness_n etc._n etc._n thus_o have_v i_o endeavour_v to_o present_v the_o reader_n with_o a_o general_a view_n of_o this_o incomparable_a treatise_n shall_v i_o proceed_v to_o tell_v he_o that_o some_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a writer_n in_o the_o world_n have_v owe_v great_a part_n of_o their_o credit_n to_o it_o that_o the_o sanderson_n grotiuse_n pufendorfs_n etc._n etc._n be_v particular_o oblige_v to_o it_o for_o their_o skill_n in_o determine_v moral_a case_n perhaps_o he_o may_v think_v i_o rather_o zealous_a than_o impartial_a in_o my_o account_n of_o it_o though_o i_o can_v assure_v he_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v strict_o true_a the_o first_o of_o those_o great_a person_n as_o the_o writer_n of_o his_o life_n tell_v we_o have_v it_o all_o by_o heart_n and_o how_o much_o use_v the_o two_o latter_a have_v make_v of_o it_o i_o leave_v those_o to_o judge_v who_o have_v be_v conversant_a with_o their_o write_n but_o the_o book_n can_v much_o better_o recommend_v itself_o by_o its_o own_o true_a value_n than_o i_o can_v do_v by_o any_o thing_n i_o be_o able_a to_o say_v of_o it_o thither_o therefore_o i_o shall_v refer_v the_o reader_n for_o his_o further_a satisfaction_n after_o i_o have_v tell_v he_o in_o a_o few_o word_n what_o have_v be_v attempt_v in_o this_o new_a translation_n i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o express_v what_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v the_o sense_n and_o mean_v of_o the_o author_n in_o as_o full_a and_o comprehensive_a word_n as_o i_o be_v able_a attend_v all_o along_o to_o the_o principal_a scope_n and_o design_n of_o his_o discourse_n rather_o than_o to_o the_o particular_a word_n and_o expression_n i_o have_v take_v care_n however_o to_o let_v none_o of_o his_o word_n escape_v without_o give_v the_o sense_n of_o they_o in_o our_o own_o language_n so_o far_o from_o that_o that_o i_o rather_o expect_v to_o be_v condemn_v on_o the_o other_o hand_n for_o explain_v some_o of_o they_o a_o great_a deal_n too_o much_o and_o spend_v a_o line_n perhaps_o or_o more_o in_o that_o which_o the_o author_n express_v in_o but_o one_o single_a word_n but_o whoever_o consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n and_o our_o author_n way_n of_o write_v especial_o in_o this_o book_n will_v easy_o perceive_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o i_o to_o do_v so_o otherwise_o the_o english_a will_v have_v be_v almost_o as_o hard_o to_o be_v understand_v as_o the_o latin_a for_o the_o truth_n of_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o chap._n 35_o 36_o 37._o book_n 1._o not_o to_o name_v innumerable_a other_o place_n i_o have_v have_v a_o peculiar_a eye_n all_o along_o to_o the_o method_n of_o the_o discourse_n and_o the_o connexion_n or_o dependence_n of_o one_o part_n of_o it_o upon_o another_o which_o because_o it_o be_v oftentimes_o very_o obscure_a i_o have_v general_o add_v the_o distinguish_a term_n of_o first_o second_o etc._n etc._n and_o where_o that_o can_v not_o be_v do_v have_v sometime_o add_v a_o line_n perhaps_o to_o show_v how_o he_o pass_v from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o but_o this_o i_o have_v general_o tell_v the_o reader_n of_o or_o else_o have_v print_v what_o be_v so_o add_v in_o a_o different_a letter_n as_o may_v be_v see_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o chap._n 6_o and_o the_o end_n of_o chap._n 7._o book_n 1._o as_o to_o some_o thing_n that_o be_v of_o little_a or_o no_o consequence_n towards_o understand_v the_o author_n as_o if_o i_o have_v translate_v caena_n dinner_n hominis_fw-la honorati_fw-la &_o principis_fw-la a_o gentleman_n or_o a_o person_n of_o honour_n convivium_fw-la sit_v at_o a_o table_n and_o over_o a_o glass_n of_o wine_n etc._n etc._n or_o if_o in_o a_o philosophical_a discourse_n as_o this_o be_v i_o have_v sometime_o make_v use_n of_o a_o unusual_a word_n i_o suppose_v they_o will_v be_v count_v not_o unwarrantable_a liberty_n but_o such_o as_o be_v common_o take_v by_o translator_n if_o in_o the_o main_a i_o have_v hit_v upon_o the_o true_a sense_n and_o mean_v of_o my_o author_n and_o express_v it_o in_o such_o clear_a and_o intelligible_a term_n as_o may_v make_v the_o reader_n see_v what_o be_v the_o force_n of_o his_o argument_n the_o reasonableness_n of_o his_o precept_n the_o fitness_n of_o his_o several_a illustration_n and_o example_n with_o those_o other_o virtue_n which_o have_v render_v this_o book_n so_o deserve_o famous_a i_o have_v obtain_v what_o i_o principal_o design_v by_o this_o attempt_n the_o design_n of_o the_o note_n be_v chief_o to_o point_v out_o the_o author_n method_n and_o explain_v some_o passage_n in_o he_o that_o seem_v more_o obscure_a than_o the_o rest_n if_o the_o reader_n find_v fault_n that_o some_o of_o they_o regard_v rather_o the_o latin_n than_o the_o english_a and_o other_o seem_v trivial_a and_o inconsiderable_a i_o desire_v he_o will_v take_v notice_n that_o i_o will_v not_o have_v the_o english_a thrust_v out_o the_o latin_a but_o rather_o promote_v and_o facilitate_v the_o read_n of_o it_o and_o that_o i_o do_v not_o design_n to_o make_v note_n for_o man_n of_o learning_n by_o who_o i_o be_o fit_a to_o be_v teach_v myself_o but_o rather_o for_o the_o young_a and_o less-knowing_a sort_n of_o people_n i_o have_v go_v according_a to_o that_o division_n of_o chapter_n which_o be_v usual_o receive_v because_o the_o book_n have_v be_v quote_v according_a to_o it_o and_o to_o have_v make_v any_o alteration_n will_v but_o have_v breed_v confusion_n though_o otherwise_o i_o think_v it_o be_v the_o most_o ignorant_a and_o ridiculous_a one_o that_o be_v ever_o make_v except_o in_o some_o other_o of_o our_o author_n write_n i_o have_v put_v before_o each_o chapter_n a_o summary_n of_o what_o be_v contain_v in_o it_o and_o to_o the_o whole_a have_v subjoin_v a_o index_n refer_v to_o all_o the_o principal_a matter_n that_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o book_n in_o a_o word_n i_o have_v not_o wilful_o omit_v any_o thing_n as_o far_o as_o be_v possible_a in_o so_o small_a a_o volume_n for_o i_o do_v not_o design_n to_o write_v a_o large_a commentary_n or_o play_v the_o critic_n upon_o my_o author_n that_o seem_v necessary_a or_o useful_a towards_o a_o full_a explication_n of_o this_o excellent_a discourse_n i_o have_v make_v some_o use_n of_o sir_n r._n l'estrange_n english_a and_o especial_o mr._n du_n b.'s_n french_a translation_n which_o i_o grateful_o acknowledge_v i_o have_v follow_v that_o sense_n which_o to_o i_o seem_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o author_n design_n without_o find_v fault_n with_o the_o interpretation_n of_o other_o people_n or_o speak_v ill_o of_o those_o who_o have_v not_o be_v of_o my_o mind_n and_o if_o i_o have_v be_v mistake_v myself_o in_o any_o thing_n as_o i_o do_v question_v but_o i_o many_o time_n have_v i_o desire_v the_o reader_n to_o use_v the_o same_o candour_n and_o forgiveness_n towards_o i_o that_o as_o i_o think_v i_o have_v give_v no_o body_n any_o just_a cause_n of_o complaint_n so_o i_o may_v not_o have_v any_o myself_o from_o other_o people_n in_o fine_a i_o be_o sure_a my_o design_n be_v commendable_a the_o success_n of_o it_o i_o must_v leave_v to_o the_o reader_n be_v judgement_n i_o shall_v only_o say_v that_o as_o i_o look_v for_o no_o honour_n from_o any_o thing_n i_o can_v do_v more_o especial_o of_o this_o nature_n so_o i_o hope_v that_o however_o i_o may_v expect_v a_o pardon_n tully_n be_v office_n the_o first_o book_n chap._n i._n cicero_n
in_o what_o measure_n and_o in_o what_o particular_a case_n etc._n etc._n and_o first_o he_o divide_v beneficence_n into_o two_o fort_n of_o which_o he_o prefer_v the_o former_a for_o several_a reason_n have_v give_v this_o account_n of_o the_o particular_a duty_n which_o young_a man_n must_v do_v for_o the_o attainment_n of_o glory_n we_o be_v next_o to_o discourse_v of_o beneficence_n or_o liberality_n of_o this_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n the_o one_o of_o which_o consist_v in_o oblige_v those_o who_o need_v it_o by_o our_o labour_n and_o industry_n the_o other_o by_o our_o money_n the_o latter_a of_o these_o two_o be_v much_o the_o more_o easy_a especial_o for_o those_o who_o have_v plentiful_a fortune_n but_o the_o former_a on_o the_o other_o hand_n more_o glorious_a and_o magnificent_a and_o more_o suitable_a to_o the_o character_n of_o a_o brave_a and_o exalt_a soul_n for_o though_o there_o be_v a_o goodwill_n and_o generous_a readiness_n to_o oblige_v show_v in_o either_o yet_o in_o the_o one_o case_n we_o be_v behold_v to_o the_o chest_n in_o the_o other_o to_o the_o virtue_n and_o ability_n of_o the_o person_n beside_o those_o sort_n of_o kindness_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o assistance_n of_o money_n or_o the_o like_a within_o a_o short_a space_n of_o time_n draw_v their_o own_o fountain_n dry_a so_o that_o this_o liberality_n do_v as_o it_o be_v eat_v out_o its_o own_o bowel_n and_o the_o more_o you_o have_v former_o oblige_v in_o this_o kind_n the_o few_o you_o will_v be_v able_a to_o oblige_v for_o the_o future_a but_o now_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n he_o who_o generosity_n show_v itself_o in_o labour_n that_o be_v in_o virtue_n and_o be_v active_a for_o another_o good_a the_o more_o man_n he_o have_v former_o show_v himself_o kind_a to_o the_o more_o he_o will_v have_v ready_a to_o assist_v he_o ever_o after_o beside_o that_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o do_v good_a office_n he_o get_v a_o kind_n of_o habit_n and_o grow_v much_o more_o expert_a in_o the_o art_n of_o oblige_v philip_n the_o father_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a reprove_v his_o son_n sharp_o in_o one_o of_o his_o epistle_n for_o endeavour_v to_o purchase_v the_o goodwill_n of_o the_o macedonian_n by_o give_v they_o donation_n in_o the_o name_n of_o wonder_n say_v he_o what_o reason_n can_v you_o have_v to_o hope_v that_o those_o people_n will_v ever_o be_v faithful_a to_o you_o who_o you_o yourself_o have_v corrupt_v with_o money_n what!_o do_v you_o design_n to_o be_v think_v not_o the_o king_n but_o only_o the_o steward_n and_o purse-bearer_n of_o the_o macedonian_n that_o steward_n and_o purse-bearer_n be_v admirable_o well_o say_v because_o it_o be_v so_o scandalous_a a_o business_n for_o a_o prince_n and_o that_o call_v donation_n a_o corrupt_v the_o people_n be_v better_a yet_o for_o those_o that_o receive_v they_o be_v perpetual_o the_o worse_a for_o it_o and_o only_o make_v ready_a to_o expect_v the_o same_o again_o philip_n write_v this_o to_o his_o son_n alone_o but_o it_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o direction_n to_o all_o man_n in_o general_n i_o think_v we_o may_v take_v it_o for_o grant_v therefore_o that_o that_o sort_n of_o bounty_n which_o consist_v in_o do_v kindness_n by_o our_o labour_n and_o industry_n be_v more_o virtuous_a and_o creditable_a can_v oblige_v more_o people_n and_o have_v more_o way_n of_o do_v it_o than_o that_o other_o have_v not_o but_o that_o sometime_o a_o man_n shall_v give_v nor_o be_v this_o sort_n of_o bounty_n to_o be_v whole_o reject_v nay_o one_o ought_v oftentimes_o to_o distribute_v some_o part_n of_o one_o money_n to_o those_o who_o be_v well-deserving_a person_n and_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o such_o assistance_n but_o still_o it_o must_v be_v do_v with_o person_n with_o the_o word_n diligentia_fw-la in_o this_o place_n proper_o signify_v the_o make_v a_o choice_n and_o distinction_n between_o person_n great_a prudence_n and_o moderation_n for_o some_o man_n have_v squander_v away_o whole_a estate_n by_o inconsiderate_o give_v which_o be_v certain_o the_o foolish_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n for_o so_o a_o man_n disable_v himself_o ever_o after_o from_o do_v of_o that_o already_o that_o viz._n show_v his_o bounty_n and_o generosity_n in_o give_v because_o he_o have_v give_v away_o all_o already_o which_o he_o take_v most_o delight_n in_o but_o the_o worst_a thing_n be_v this_o that_o profuseness_n in_o give_v be_v usual_o accompany_v by_o unjust_a way_n of_o get_v for_o when_o by_o this_o mean_n man_n have_v part_v with_o what_o be_v their_o own_o they_o be_v force_v to_o lay_v hand_n upon_o that_o which_o be_v another_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o miss_v what_o be_v their_o principal_a design_n viz._n the_o obtain_v man_n love_n by_o their_o bounty_n and_o generosity_n for_o they_o get_v more_o hatred_n from_o those_o who_o they_o injure_v than_o goodwill_n from_o those_o who_o they_o hope_v to_o oblige_v by_o it_o we_o ought_v not_o therefore_o so_o to_o lock_v up_o our_o riches_n as_o that_o even_a liberality_n itself_o can_v open_v they_o nor_o so_o to_o keep_v they_o open_a as_o if_o they_o be_v common_a to_o all_o man_n in_o general_a the_o best_a way_n be_v always_o to_o observe_v a_o due_a medium_fw-la and_o give_v more_o or_o less_o in_o proportion_n to_o our_o estate_n in_o fine_a we_o will_v do_v well_o to_o remember_v a_o say_v which_o be_v now_o grow_v so_o common_a as_o to_o be_v a_o proverb_n among_o we_o bounty_n have_v get_v no_o bottom_n for_o how_o indeed_o be_v it_o possible_a there_o shall_v ever_o be_v any_o end_n on_o it_o when_o those_o who_o be_v use_v to_o it_o look_v to_o receive_v again_o and_o other_o from_o see_v they_o be_v teach_v to_o expect_v the_o same_o chap._n xvi_o two_o sort_n of_o giver_n how_o liberality_n and_o prodigality_n differ_v what_o the_o chief_a advantage_n of_o riches_n public_a show_n to_o the_o people_n very_o foolish_a several_a example_n of_o magnificent_a aedile_n among_o the_o roman_n liberal_a roman_n have_v give_v his_o reason_n why_o the_o first_o sort_n of_o beneficence_n which_o consist_v in_o oblige_v man_n by_o our_o labour_n and_o industry_n be_v preferable_a to_o the_o second_o which_o do_v it_o by_o money_n he_o begin_v in_o this_o chap._n to_o discourse_v of_o the_o latter_a and_o divide_v those_o that_o use_v it_o the_o largi_fw-la as_o he_o speak_v into_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o predigal_a and_o the_o other_o liberal_a in_o the_o proper_a and_o strict_a sense_n of_o that_o word_n he_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o and_o discourse_n of_o it_o to_o chap._n 18._o where_o he_o come_v to_o the_o second_o the_o liberal_a of_o those_o who_o give_v large_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n the_o one_o of_o which_o be_v prodigal_a and_o the_o other_o liberal_a the_o prodigal_n be_v those_o who_o consume_v vast_a sum_n in_o make_v public_a feast_n and_o distribute_v portion_n of_o meat_n to_o the_o people_n or_o in_o provide_v gladiator_n to_o fight_v with_o one_o another_o or_o with_o wild_a beast_n in_o the_o theatre_n or_o in_o make_v preparation_n for_o other_o such_o sport_n and_o recreation_n of_o the_o multitude_n thing_n that_o be_v forget_v in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n if_o ever_o at_o all_o thought_n on_o after_o once_o they_o be_v over_o but_o the_o liberal_n be_v those_o who_o dispose_v of_o their_o money_n in_o redeem_v poor_a prisoner_n in_o help_v their_o friend_n and_o acquaintance_n out_o of_o debt_n in_o assist_v they_o towards_o the_o marry_v their_o daughter_n or_o put_v they_o into_o some_o method_n of_o make_v or_o increase_v their_o fortune_n i_o admire_v therefore_o what_o shall_v come_v into_o laertius_n into_o the_o same_o that_o he_o mention_v book_n 1._o ch_n 1._o his_o book_n here_o mention_v be_v now_o quite_o lose_v but_o it_o be_v quote_v by_o diogenes_n laertius_n theophrastus_n head_n who_o in_o a_o book_n of_o he_o which_o he_o write_v concern_v riches_n among_o several_a noble_a and_o excellent_a thing_n have_v be_v guilty_a of_o one_o very_o grievous_a absurdity_n for_o he_o run_v out_o mighty_o in_o commendation_n of_o magnificence_n and_o give_v public_a show_n or_o donation_n to_o the_o people_n and_o think_v the_o supply_v of_o such_o expense_n as_o these_o the_o very_a principal_a fruit_n and_o advantage_n of_o riches_n but_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o be_v both_o a_o much_o great_a and_o more_o durable_a advantage_n to_o be_v furnish_v with_o money_n for_o these_o act_n of_o bounty_n of_o which_o i_o have_v just_a now_o be_v give_v some_o instance_n but_o riches_n but_o nothing_o of_o this_o here_o quote_v be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o of_o the_o work_n of_o aristotle_n now_o extant_a which_o make_v the_o learned_a maretus_fw-la think_v that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v read_v aristo_n who_o be_v a_o stoic_a philosopher_n
fellow_n a_o great_a enemy_n to_o cicero_n who_o in_o his_o tribuneship_n he_o get_v banish_v see_v cicero_n be_v life_n in_o plut._n but_o milo_n be_v tribune_n the_o year_n follow_v endeavour_v to_o bring_v back_o cicero_n again_o clodius_n violent_o oppose_v it_o and_o get_v together_o some_o of_o his_o own_o gang_n and_o a_o parcel_n of_o gladiator_n fall_v upon_o the_o people_n as_o they_o assemble_v about_o it_o and_o show_v several_a milo_n on_o the_o other_o side_n buy_v gladiator_n to_o defend_v cicero_n and_o in_o he_o as_o he_o say_v the_o republic_n itself_o this_o be_v that_o milo_n who_o afterward_o kill_v this_o clodius_n for_o which_o be_v accuse_v he_o be_v defend_v by_o our_o author_n in_o that_o incomparable_a oration_n which_o be_v still_o extant_a clodius_n such_o charge_n therefore_o be_v not_o to_o be_v shun_v when_o either_o they_o be_v necessary_a or_o very_a advantageous_a but_o even_o when_o they_o be_v so_o we_o must_v still_o not_o exceed_v the_o due_a limit_n of_o mediocrity_n luc._n philippus_n the_o son_n of_o quintus_n a_o extraordinary_a ingenious_a and_o eminent_a man_n be_v wont_a i_o confess_v to_o be_v make_v his_o brag_v that_o he_o get_v all_o the_o honour_n the_o republic_n can_v give_v he_o without_o ever_o spend_v one_o farthing_n that_o way_n pompey_n way_n a_o excellent_a roman_a cos._n with_o cn._n octavius_n the_o year_n of_o rome_n 677_o a_o good_a man_n and_o a_o lover_n of_o virtue_n as_o well_o as_o learning_n he_o be_v also_o a_o very_a good_a orator_n and_o be_v often_o mention_v by_o our_o author_n his_o son_n be_v that_o curio_n who_o be_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o grand_a incendiary_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n between_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n caius_n curio_n use_v to_o say_v the_o same_o and_o even_o i_o myself_o have_v some_o reason_n to_o boast_v upon_o this_o account_n for_o consider_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o honour_n i_o get_v and_o that_o too_o by_o every_o one_o of_o the_o vote_n and_o the_o very_a first_o year_n i_o be_v capable_a of_o they_o which_o be_v more_o than_o can_v be_v say_v by_o any_o one_o of_o those_o two_o who_o i_o just_o now_o mention_v the_o charge_n of_o my_o aedileship_n be_v very_o inconsiderable_a but_o the_o best_a way_n of_o lay_v out_o money_n in_o this_o kind_n be_v to_o repair_v the_o city-wall_n make_v dock_n havens_n aqueduct_n and_o the_o like_a thing_n that_o may_v serve_v to_o the_o general_a use_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o public_a for_o though_o thing_n which_o be_v present_a and_o give_v down_o upon_o the_o nail_n be_v more_o acceptable_a for_o a_o time_n yet_o the_o memory_n of_o these_o will_v be_v more_o last_a and_o continue_v even_o down_o to_o posterity_n i_o forbear_v to_o speak_v much_o against_o theatre_n portico_n new_a temple_n and_o the_o like_a out_o of_o respect_n to_o my_o old_a friend_n pompey_n but_o i_o find_v they_o not_o approve_v of_o by_o the_o famous_a man_n particular_o not_o by_o panaetius_n himself_o who_o i_o have_v very_o much_o follow_v but_o not_o quite_o translate_v in_o this_o work_n neither_o be_v they_o like_v by_o demetrius_n phalereus_n who_o blame_v pericles_n one_o of_o the_o great_a man_n among_o all_o the_o grecian_n for_o squandr_v away_o such_o cecropia_n such_o above_o two_o thousand_o talent_n this_o be_v that_o entrance_n to_o their_o ancient_a tower_n call_v acropolis_n and_o because_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o pallas_n glaucopia_n so_o often_o mention_v by_o ancient_a writer_n it_o have_v five_o noble_a door_n be_v cover_v with_o curious_a white_a stone_n and_o be_v five_o year_n in_o building_n see_v meurs_fw-fr cecropia_n a_o vast_a sum_n of_o money_n upon_o that_o noble_a structure_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o acropolis_n but_o i_o have_v speak_v sufficient_o upon_o all_o this_o subject_a in_o those_o book_n i_o have_v write_v book_n write_v this_o work_n be_v in_o ten_o book_n but_o it_o be_v now_o all_o lose_v except_o some_o few_o fragment_n of_o which_o scipio_n dream_n be_v much_o the_o large_a as_o make_v a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o six_o book_n concern_v the_o republic_n to_o conclude_v therefore_o all_o such_o profusion_n be_v general_o speak_v i_o think_v to_o be_v blame_v but_o yet_o at_o sometime_o and_o upon_o certain_a occasion_n may_v be_v render_v necessary_a however_o even_o then_o they_o must_v be_v proportion_v to_o one_o estate_n and_o keep_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o reason_n and_o moderation_n chap._n xviii_o liberality_n to_o be_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o circumstance_n the_o merit_n of_o the_o receiver_n especial_o to_o be_v consider_v what_o act_v of_o bounty_n we_o shall_v more_o particular_o exercise_n measure_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o receive_v money_n it_o be_v profitable_a sometime_o to_o part_v with_o one_o right_n when_o a_o man_n use_v a_o estate_n as_o he_o ought_v hospitality_n deserve_o commend_v in_o that_o to_o that_o he_o have_v do_v with_o the_o first_o sort_n of_o give_v large_o viz._n prodigality_n which_o he_o think_v general_o blamable_a but_o in_o some_o case_n excusable_a he_o come_v now_o to_o the_o second_o liberality_n which_o be_v see_v not_o only_o in_o give_v but_o in_o receive_v too_o he_o begins_z with_o giving_z concern_v which_o his_o first_o rule_n be_v that_o we_o shall_v consider_v the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o person_n we_o give_v to_o other_o sort_n of_o give_v which_o proceed_v from_o liberality_n we_o shall_v not_o keep_v constant_o to_o one_o certain_a measure_n but_o vary_v according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o circumstance_n in_o the_o person_n that_o receive_v his_o case_n for_o instance_n who_o struggle_v at_o present_a under_o some_o press_a necessity_n be_v different_a from_o he_o who_o be_v well_o enough_o to_o pass_v and_o only_o desire_v to_o improve_v his_o fortune_n we_o shall_v lend_v our_o assistance_n in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o those_o who_o be_v under_o the_o burden_n and_o weight_n of_o some_o misfortune_n unless_o they_o be_v such_o as_o deserve_v to_o be_v miserable_a we_o shall_v be_v ready_a however_o to_o forward_o those_o likewise_o who_o desire_v only_o our_o helping-hand_n not_o so_o much_o to_o save_v they_o from_o be_v unfortunate_a as_o to_o raise_v they_o to_o some_o high_a degree_n of_o fortune_n kind_n fortune_n second_o in_o give_v we_o shall_v consider_v the_o person_n be_v desert_n for_o kindness_n bestow_v upon_o those_o who_o dont_fw-fr deserve_v but_o will_v make_v ill_a use_n of_o they_o be_v indeed_o no_o kindness_n we_o shall_v make_v honest_a man_n the_o object_n of_o our_o bounty_n in_o this_o kind_n but_o here_o we_o must_v be_v careful_a to_o acquaint_v ourselves_o thro'_o with_o the_o fitness_n of_o the_o person_n for_o that_o of_o ennius_n be_v admirable_o well_o say_v i_o take_v good_a action_n when_o ill_o apply_v to_o become_v ill_a one_o now_o that_o which_o be_v give_v to_o a_o true_o honest_a and_o grateful_a person_n be_v pay_v we_o in_o the_o acknowledgement_n he_o himself_o make_v and_o in_o the_o goodwill_n that_o be_v get_v by_o it_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n for_o nothing_o more_o please_v to_o all_o mankind_n than_o bounty_n bestow_v without_o rashness_n and_o precipitancy_n and_o the_o generality_n of_o man_n praise_v it_o so_o much_o the_o more_o because_o the_o liberality_n of_o every_o great_a man_n be_v a_o common_a kind_n of_o sanctuary_n for_o all_o that_o be_v needy_a we_o shall_v endeavour_v therefore_o as_o far_o as_o we_o be_v able_a to_o oblige_v many_o man_n by_o such_o act_n of_o generosity_n as_o may_v not_o be_v forget_v as_o soon_o as_o ever_o they_o be_v over_o but_o be_v remember_v by_o the_o child_n and_o posterity_n of_o the_o receiver_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o to_o lay_v a_o necessity_n upon_o they_o of_o show_v their_o gratitude_n i_o say_v necessity_n for_o all_o people_n hate_v one_o that_o take_v no_o care_n of_o be_v grateful_a to_o his_o benefactor_n and_o count_v he_o that_o be_v such_o injurious_a to_o themselves_o because_o he_o discourage_v bounty_n and_o liberality_n and_o so_o be_v a_o common_a enemy_n to_o all_o the_o poor_a sort._n beside_o this_o way_n of_o give_v whereby_o captive_n be_v ransom_v and_o the_o mean_a folk_n enrich_v be_v useful_a and_o advantageous_a to_o the_o public_a itself_o and_o have_v frequent_o be_v practise_v by_o those_o of_o our_o order_n as_o appear_v very_o full_o from_o the_o oration_n of_o crassus_n that_o other_o way_n therefore_o of_o expend_v money_n which_o consist_v in_o make_v show_n for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o vulgar_a ought_v i_o think_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o this_o the_o one_o comport_v well_o with_o the_o character_n of_o a_o great_a and_o a_o prudent_a person_n the_o other_o of_o such_o as_o cajole_v the_o people_n and_o look_v out_o
canius_n immediate_o be_v all_o on_o fire_n and_o beg_v of_o pythius_n that_o he_o will_v sell_v he_o the_o place_n he_o pretend_v abundance_n of_o unwillingness_n at_o first_o but_o at_o length_n to_o make_v short_a of_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o compliance_n canius_n buy_v it_o together_o with_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o it_o and_o be_v very_o rich_a and_o desirous_a of_o the_o purchase_n give_v as_o much_o for_o it_o as_o pythius_n demand_v security_n give_a and_o take_v for_o the_o money_n and_o the_o whole_a bargain_n final_o bring_v to_o a_o conclusion_n the_o next_o day_n canius_n invite_v some_o acquaintance_n thither_o and_o he_o come_v himself_o somewhat_o early_a than_o ordinary_a but_o see_v not_o one_o of_o the_o fisherman_n boat_n there_o hereupon_o he_o inquire_v of_o one_o of_o the_o next_o neighbour_n whether_o or_o no_o that_o be_v any_o holiday_n with_o the_o fisherman_n because_o he_o see_v none_o of_o they_o thereabouts_o not_o that_o i_o know_v of_o reply_v the_o other_o but_o they_o none_o of_o they_o ever_o use_v to_o fish_v here_o and_o therefore_o i_o wonder_v what_o the_o matter_n be_v yesterday_o this_o put_v canius_n into_o a_o lamentable_a fret_v but_o how_o can_v he_o remedy_v himself_o 2._o himself_o a_o noble_a and_o learned_a roman_a oftentimes_o mention_v and_o commend_v by_o our_o author_n who_o colleague_n he_o be_v in_o the_o praetorship_n he_o be_v excellent_o skilled_a in_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o he_o learn_v of_o muc._n scaevola_n the_o highpriest_n there_o be_v no_o action_n against_o a_o man_n it_o seem_v for_o this_o sort_n of_o knavery_n before_o his_o time_n the_o occasion_n of_o his_o make_v these_o formulae_fw-la see_v in_o valer._n max._n book_n 8._o chap._n 2._o for_o aquillius_n my_o colleague_n and_o familiar_a friend_n have_v not_o then_o publish_v his_o court-form_n about_o knavery_n upon_o which_o when_o he_o be_v ask_v what_o he_o mean_v by_o the_o word_n knavery_n he_o answer_v etc._n answer_v these_o word_n must_v be_v take_v in_o a_o ill_a sense_n for_o all_o make_n show_v etc._n etc._n be_v not_o knavery_n but_o only_o that_o which_o be_v join_v cum_fw-la malitia_fw-la with_o a_o ill_a design_n of_o cheat_v etc._n etc._n the_o make_v show_n of_o one_o thing_n while_o one_o do_v another_o a_o very_a perspicuous_a and_o plain_a definition_n as_o indeed_o he_o be_v a_o man_n very_o happy_a at_o define_v pythius_n then_o and_o all_o other_o whatever_o that_o make_v show_v of_o one_o thing_n and_o yet_o do_v the_o contrary_a be_v perfidious_a wicked_a and_o knavish_a rascal_n it_o be_v impossible_a therefore_o that_o any_o of_o their_o action_n shall_v ever_o be_v profitable_a when_o they_o be_v under_o the_o scandal_n of_o such_o a_o number_n of_o filthy_a and_o detestable_a vice_n chap._n xv._o all_o hypocrisy_n and_o dissimulation_n to_o be_v take_v away_o knavery_n or_o dolus_fw-la malus_fw-la punish_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o judgement_n of_o equity_n a_o remarkable_a action_n of_o scaevola_n '_o s._n he_o be_v not_o a_o wise_a man_n who_o be_v not_o wise_a for_o his_o own_o advantage_n in_o what_o sense_n true_a a_o true_o good_a man_n be_v not_o content_a with_o be_v as_o just_o as_o the_o law_n require_v a_o definition_n of_o such_o a_o one._n he_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o be_v find_v if_o then_o this_o definition_n of_o aquillius_n be_v good_a all_o hypocrisy_n and_o dissimulation_n must_v be_v banish_v from_o among_o man_n so_o that_o no_o honest_a man_n will_v be_v guilty_a of_o either_o of_o they_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o buy_v or_o sell_v to_o his_o great_a advantage_n case_n advantage_n he_o proceed_v from_o natural_a honesty_n or_o the_o law_n of_o right_a reason_n to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o city_n and_o show_v that_o knavery_n be_v punishable_a by_o those_o though_o not_o in_o all_o yet_o in_o several_a case_n nay_o this_o knavery_n or_o cozenage_n have_v always_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o city_n witness_v the_o xii_o table_n about_o the_o case_n of_o guardianship_n and_o laetorius_n law_n about_o the_o overreach_a of_o minor_n nay_o where_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o a_o law_n against_o it_o it_o be_v nevertheless_o punishable_a in_o those_o judgement_n of_o equity_n the_o form_n of_o which_o be_v exit_fw-la fide_fw-la bona_fw-la agitur_fw-la that_o all_o thing_n be_v do_v faithful_o and_o honest_o and_o the_o same_o sort_n of_o word_n be_v in_o all_o other_o judgement_n as_o when_o a_o wife_n for_o example_n enter_v a_o action_n for_o her_o dowry_n upon_o a_o divorce_n from_o her_o husband_n melius_fw-la aequius_fw-la that_o thing_n be_v settle_v better_a and_o more_o equitable_o when_o any_o thing_n have_v be_v mortgage_v and_o pawn_v to_o another_o ut_fw-la inter_fw-la bonos_fw-es be_v agier_n that_o among_o honest_a man_n there_o be_v nothing_o do_v but_o only_o that_o which_o be_v honest._n and_o can_v there_o possible_o be_v any_o knavery_n allow_v of_o in_o that_o where_o the_o very_a court-form_n be_v melius_fw-la aequius_fw-la for_o the_o better_a and_o more_o equitable_a settle_n of_o thing_n or_o any_o thing_n do_v through_o deceit_n and_o roguery_n where_o these_o word_n be_v public_o read_v in_o court_n inter_fw-la bonos_fw-es be_v agier_n that_o among_o honest_a man_n there_o may_v be_v nothing_o do_v except_o that_o which_o be_v honest_a now_o there_o be_v something_o of_o this_o knavery_n as_o aquillus_fw-la say_v in_o all_o false_a show_n and_o hypocritical_a pretence_n lie_v therefore_o shall_v whole_o be_v banish_v from_o all_o sort_n of_o business_n and_o commerce_n in_o the_o world_n nor_o shall_v seller_n bring_v people_n to_o bid_v high_a for_o their_o good_n and_o enhance_v their_o prize_n nor_o purchaser_n other_o to_o bid_v undervalue_n and_o so_o beat_v they_o down_o low_a but_o each_o of_o they_o if_o they_o come_v to_o speak_v about_o a_o bargain_n shall_v say_v at_o a_o word_n what_o he_o will_v give_v and_o take_v 1._o take_v mention_v before_o chap._n 32._o book_n 1._o quintus_fw-la scaevola_n the_o son_n of_o publius_n go_v to_o buy_v a_o estate_n desire_v the_o owner_n to_o tell_v he_o at_o one_o word_n what_o it_o be_v he_o must_v have_v for_o it_o the_o seller_n do_v so_o and_o scaevola_n tell_v he_o he_o think_v it_o be_v worth_n more_o than_o what_o he_o have_v demand_v for_o it_o and_z according_o give_v he_o a_o thousand_o crown_n over_o now_o there_o be_v no_o one_o but_o will_v grant_v this_o be_v do_v like_o a_o honest_a but_o they_o will_v not_o allow_v it_o be_v like_o a_o prudent_a man_n any_o more_o than_o if_o he_o have_v sell_v a_o thing_n for_o less_o than_o he_o may_v have_v have_v for_o it_o here_o now_o you_o may_v see_v be_v that_o pernicious_a opinion_n thus_o to_o make_v a_o distinction_n between_o prudence_n and_o honesty_n ennius_n have_v a_o say_v to_o this_o purpose_n that_o he_o will_v not_o give_v a_o farthing_n for_o a_o prudent_a man_n that_o can_v not_o be_v prudent_a for_o his_o own_o advantage_n to_o which_o i_o be_o ready_a to_o set_v my_o hand_n if_o he_o and_o i_o can_v agree_v upon_o one_o and_o the_o same_o mean_v of_o the_o word_n advantage_n i_o find_v that_o lose_v that_o mention_v again_o afterward_o chap._n 23._o he_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 640._o all_o his_o work_n be_v lose_v hecaton_n a_o rhodian_a philosopher_n and_o scholar_n of_o panaetius_n in_o his_o book_n about_o office_n which_o he_o write_v to_o 63._o to_o a_o noble_a roman_a grandson_n to_o paullus_n aemilius_n and_o nephew_n to_o the_o young_a africanus_n belove_v of_o laelius_n scaevola_n and_o all_o the_o great_a man_n of_o that_o time_n he_o be_v hearer_n of_o the_o famous_a panaetius_n a_o letter_n of_o who_o to_o he_o be_v mention_v by_o our_o author_n who_o often_o commend_v he_o for_o a_o man_n of_o wisdom_n industry_n and_o learning_n he_o be_v a_o great_a admirer_n of_o the_o stoic_a philosophy_n which_o lose_v he_o the_o praetorship_n see_v orat._n pro_fw-la muraena_fw-la chap._n 63._o q._n tubero_n have_v lay_v this_o down_o as_o a_o wise_a man_n duty_n first_o to_o conform_v to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n and_o practice_n of_o his_o country_n and_o when_o he_o have_v do_v that_o to_o make_v the_o best_a improvement_n he_o can_v of_o his_o estate_n since_o we_o ought_v to_o seek_v riches_n not_o only_o for_o ourselves_o but_o our_o child_n friend_n relation_n and_o especial_o the_o commonwealth_n who_o public_a riches_n must_v principal_o consist_v in_o the_o wealth_n and_o stock_n of_o its_o particular_a member_n this_o man_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n approve_v of_o that_o action_n which_o i_o just_a now_o mention_v of_o quintus_n scaevola_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o will_v scruple_n to_o do_v for_o his_o own_o advantage_n if_o it_o be_v but_o permit_v and_o
few_o case_n be_v always_o to_o be_v keep_v even_o with_o our_o great_a adversary_n for_o whatever_o you_o swear_v for_o example_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o that_o etc._n that_o so_o i_o understand_v the_o word_n ut_fw-la mens_fw-la conciperet_fw-la etc._n etc._n not_o as_o though_o it_o be_v mens_fw-la deferentis_fw-la for_o i_o be_o not_o bind_v to_o perform_v whatever_o i_o swear_v according_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o he_o that_o give_v the_o oath_n for_o it_o may_v be_v unlawful_a or_o the_o like_a beside_o it_o be_v unreasonable_a to_o interpret_v oath_n just_o according_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o imposer_n he_o may_v have_v his_o private_a meaning_n etc._n etc._n as_o well_o as_o the_o receiver_n see_v upon_o this_o whole_a subject_n sanderf_n grotius_n etc._n etc._n your_o conscience_n tell_v you_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v you_o be_v bind_v most_o inviolable_o to_o perform_v it_o but_o where_o it_o be_v otherwise_o you_o do_v lie_v under_o any_o such_o obligation_n and_o be_v not_o perjure_v though_o you_o shall_v not_o perform_v it_o suppose_v for_o the_o purpose_n you_o have_v swear_v to_o a_o pirate_n that_o you_o will_v pay_v he_o such_o a_o sum_n if_o he_o will_v spare_v your_o life_n it_o will_v not_o be_v perjury_n though_o you_o shall_v not_o pay_v it_o he_o opinion_n he_o grotius_n do_v not_o like_o this_o decision_n of_o gicero_n because_o in_o a_o oath_n we_o be_v not_o only_o to_o consider_v the_o person_n be_v right_o who_o we_o swear_v to_o but_o god_n also_o by_o who_o we_o swear_v it_o be_v true_a the_o pirate_n can_v demand_v nothing_o in_o this_o case_n but_o the_o majesty_n of_o god_n by_o who_o i_o swear_v lay_v a_o obligation_n of_o performance_n upon_o i_o but_o pufendorf_n de_fw-fr jur._n n._n &_o g._n book_n 4._o chap._n 2._o §._o 9_o seem_v rather_o to_o favour_v our_o author_n opinion_n for_o a_o pirate_n be_v by_o no_o mean_n a_o lawful_a adversary_n but_o rather_o a_o common_a pest_n and_o enemy_n of_o mankind_n so_o that_o no_o one_o be_v oblige_v to_o keep_v his_o faith_n or_o oath_n with_o he_o for_o to_o swear_v to_o a_o thing_n and_o yet_o not_o perform_v it_o be_v not_o immediate_o to_o forswear_v one_o self_n but_o then_o a_o man_n be_v proper_o say_v to_o be_v perjure_a when_o he_o swear_v like_n swear_v that_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o exit_fw-la animi_fw-la sententia_fw-la and_o not_o with_o design_n of_o oblige_v yourself_o oath_n will_v signify_v just_a nothing_o at_o all_o if_o they_o oblige_v no_o further_a than_o people_n design_v to_o be_v oblige_v by_o they_o it_o be_v the_o form_n of_o oath_n among_o the_o roman_n do_v you_o swear_v such_o a_o thing_n be_v so_o or_o so_o exit_fw-la animi_fw-la tui_fw-la sententia_fw-la which_o word_n signify_v either_o according_a to_o your_o mind_n or_o upon_o your_o conscience_n hence_o that_o jest_n which_o our_o author_n quote_v in_o his_o the_o orat._n cato_n the_o censor_n ask_v a_o man_n have_v you_o a_o wife_n or_o not_o exit_fw-la animi_fw-la tui_fw-la sententia_fw-la mean_v upon_o your_o conscience_n or_o oath_n to_o which_o he_o answer_v non_fw-la quidem_fw-la ex_fw-la animi_fw-la mei_fw-la sententia_fw-la meaning_n not_o according_a to_o my_o mind_n or_o like_n upon_o his_o conscience_n as_o our_o form_n run_v to_o do_v such_o and_o such_o thing_n and_o yet_o do_v not_o do_v they_o for_o that_o of_o euripides_n may_v be_v say_v in_o 2._o in_o when_o for_o example_n a_o man_n only_o read_v or_o repeat_v the_o word_n of_o a_o oath_n or_o the_o like_a see_v grot._n book_n 2._o chap._n 13._o §._o 2._o some_o case_n to_o be_v very_o good_a my_o tongue_n indeed_o swear_v but_o my_o conscience_n do_v not_o assent_v but_o have_v regulus_n in_o his_o case_n do_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o condition_n that_o be_v keep_v between_o enemy_n it_o have_v be_v downright_a perjury_n for_o the_o carthaginian_n with_o who_o he_o have_v then_o to_o do_v be_v a_o lawful_a adversary_n between_o who_o and_o we_o there_o be_v all_o 1._o all_o see_v chap._n 11._o book_n 1._o the_o fecial_a and_o several_a other_o law_n that_o be_v common_a to_o nation_n for_o have_v it_o be_v otherwise_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o senate_n will_v never_o have_v deliver_v up_o some_o people_n some_o general_n who_o have_v make_v league_n with_o the_o enemy_n without_o power_n from_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n eminent_a person_n in_o chain_n to_o their_o enemy_n chap._n xxx_o example_n of_o several_a eminent_a roman_n give_v up_o to_o the_o enemy_n answer_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o argument_n bring_v against_o regulus_n but_o they_o do_v deliver_v both_o 1._o both_o about_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 433_o caius_n pontius_n who_o he_o mention_v chap._n 21._o book_n 2._o be_v then_o general_n of_o the_o samnite_n see_v livy_n book_n 9_o chap_n 1._o lucius_n veturius_n and_o sp._n posthumius_fw-la in_o their_o second_o consulship_n to_o their_o enemy_n the_o samnite_n because_o be_v beat_v at_o the_o passage_n of_o caudium_n and_o the_o legion_n be_v disarm_v and_o send_v away_o with_o disgrace_n they_o have_v conclude_v a_o peace_n of_o their_o own_o head_n without_o any_o order_n from_o the_o senate_n or_o people_n t._n numicius_n and_o q._n melius_n who_o be_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n at_o the_o same_o time_n because_o by_o their_o authority_n the_o peace_n be_v conclude_v be_v likewise_o deliver_v that_o so_o we_o may_v be_v free_v from_o any_o obligation_n of_o keep_v it_o and_o all_o this_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o proposal_n and_o advice_n of_o posthumius_fw-la himself_o who_o be_v the_o person_n deliver_v the_o case_n of_o 1._o of_o c._n hostilius_n mancinus_n cos._n about_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 613_o who_o be_v bring_v into_o very_o great_a strait_n by_o the_o numantine_n be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o dishonourable_a league_n with_o they_o the_o senate_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o league_n deliver_v the_o author_n of_o it_o up_o to_o the_o enemy_n but_o they_o refuse_v to_o receive_v he_o as_o the_o samnite_n have_v posthumius_fw-la before_o see_v vell._n paterc_n book_n 2._o chap._n 1._o mancinus_n a_o great_a many_o year_n after_o be_v exact_o the_o same_o who_o have_v without_o any_o order_n from_o the_o senate_n strike_v up_o a_o alliance_n with_o those_o of_o africanus_n of_o a_o small_a town_n in_o spain_n which_o with_o a_o very_a few_o man_n hold_v a_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n fourteen_o year_n and_o beat_v they_o several_a time_n at_o last_o it_o be_v raze_v by_o the_o young_a africanus_n numantia_n be_v the_o first_o man_n that_o speak_v for_o that_o bill_n in_o the_o senate-house_n which_o by_o l._n furius_n and_o sext._n atilius_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o people_n and_o which_o they_o agree_v to_o he_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o enemy_n he_o do_v more_o honest_o than_o cos._n than_o cos._n the_o year_n before_o mancinus_n who_o make_v the_o first_o shameful_a league_n with_o the_o numantine_n but_o by_o 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as_o for_o the_o business_n of_o get_v a_o estate_n and_o place_v out_o money_n to_o the_o best_a advantage_n and_o i_o wish_v i_o may_v add_v of_o apply_v to_o the_o best_a uses_n there_o be_v certain_a imus_n certain_a so_o he_o call_v by_o way_n of_o derision_n the_o banker_n changer_n etc._n etc._n who_o frequent_v the_o janus_n a_o street_n in_o rome_n of_o that_o name_n very_o note_v and_o eminent_a for_o such_o sort_n of_o people_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o be_v call_v janus_n summus_n the_o middle_a janus_n medius_n and_o the_o low_a janus_n imus_n honest_a man_n who_o attend_v at_o the_o exchange_n that_o can_v better_o inform_v you_o than_o any_o of_o the_o philosopher_n that_o dispute_n in_o the_o school_n it_o be_v worth_a while_o however_o to_o know_v these_o thing_n because_o they_o relate_v to_o the_o business_n of_o profit_n which_o have_v make_v up_o the_o subject_a of_o all_o this_o book_n let_v we_o now_o pass_v on_o to_o what_o remain_v behind_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o book_n tully_n be_v office_n the_o three_o book_n chap._n i._n a_o excellent_a say_v of_o the_o elder_a scipio_n africanus_n cicero_n betake_v himself_o to_o a_o life_n of_o leisure_n and_o retirement_n the_o republic_n be_v quite_o ruin_v the_o difference_n between_o his_o retirement_n and_o africanus_n '_o s._n some_o good_a to_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o evil_n book_n evil_n who_o he_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o the_o former_a book_n cato_n son_n mark_n who_o be_v near_o of_o the_o same_o age_n with_o publius_n scipio_n the_o first_o that_o have_v the_o surname_n of_o praise_n of_o because_o he_o beat_v hannibal_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o africa_n he_o be_v grandfather_n of_o the_o young_a africanus_n the_o roman_a historian_n be_v full_a of_o his_o praise_n africanus_n give_v he_o tell_v we_o it_o be_v a_o usual_a say_v of_o his_o that_o he_o never_o be_v less_o idle_a than_o when_o he_o be_v idle_a nor_o ever_o less_o alone_o than_o when_o he_o be_v alone_o a_o noble_a and_o excellent_a sentence_n indeed_o and_o worthy_a of_o so_o great_a and_o so_o wise_a a_o person_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o leisure_n he_o can_v think_v of_o business_n and_o be_v use_v when_o alone_o to_o converse_v with_o his_o own_o thought_n so_o that_o he_o never_o be_v proper_o idle_a and_o need_v no_o company_n to_o entertain_v he_o in_o his_o solitude_n the_o two_o thing_n therefore_o which_o bring_v a_o kind_n of_o dullness_n and_o heaviness_n upon_o other_o serve_v but_o to_o sharpen_v and_o invigorate_v his_o mind_n viz._n solitude_n and_o leisure_n i_o wish_v i_o can_v true_o say_v the_o same_o of_o myself_o but_o though_o i_o be_o not_o able_a to_o arrive_v at_o that_o inimitable_a temper_n of_o soul_n i_o desire_v at_o least_o to_o come_v as_o near_o it_o as_o be_v possible_a and_o be_v exclude_v by_o open_a violence_n and_o adherent_n and_o those_o of_o caesar_n first_o but_o after_o his_o death_n of_o mark_n anthony_n and_o his_o adherent_n impious_a arm_n from_o have_v aught_o to_o do_v with_o affair_n of_o the_o senate_n or_o business_n of_o the_o bar_n i_o whole_o betake_v myself_o to_o a_o life_n of_o retirement_n and_o for_o that_o very_a reason_n have_v abandon_v the_o city_n and_o be_o often_o alone_o only_o go_v from_o one_o seat_n to_o another_o in_o the_o country_n but_o alas_o my_o leisure_n be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o that_o of_o africanus_n nor_o my_o solitude_n with_o his_o solitude_n for_o he_o be_v employ_v at_o that_o very_a time_n in_o place_n of_o the_o great_a reputation_n in_o the_o public_a and_o his_o leisure_n be_v only_o a_o voluntary_a retirement_n to_o give_v himself_o respite_n from_o business_n for_o a_o season_n and_o his_o solitude_n only_o a_o kind_n of_o port_n or_o haven_n into_o which_o he_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o the_o disturbance_n of_o company_n whereas_o my_o leisure_n proceed_v not_o from_o any_o desire_n of_o respite_n but_o from_o a_o want_n of_o business_n to_o employ_v myself_o about_o for_o what_o proper_a work_n can_v i_o find_v to_o do_v when_o there_o be_v no_o more_o himself_o more_o the_o two_o place_n in_o which_o he_o before_o use_v to_o show_v himself_o a_o senate_n nor_o any_o court_n of_o justice_n remain_v arms._n remain_v because_o all_o thing_n be_v act_v by_o violence_n and_o force_n of_o arms._n entire_a in_o which_o i_o may_v honourable_o show_v myself_o therefore_o whereas_o it_o be_v my_o former_a custom_n to_o appear_v much_o in_o public_a and_o in_o the_o eye_n of_o my_o citizen_n i_o now_o on_o the_o contrary_n hide_v myself_o from_o they_o to_o avoid_v the_o very_a sight_n of_o such_o pack_n of_o villain_n as_o be_v everywhere_o abroad_o and_o as_o much_o as_o be_v possible_a confine_n myself_o to_o solitude_n but_o since_o this_o be_v give_v we_o for_o a_o rule_n by_o the_o learned_a that_o when_o several_a evil_n be_v threaten_v we_o at_o once_o we_o shall_v not_o only_o choose_v to_o undergo_v the_o least_o but_o extract_v some_o advantage_n out_o of_o they_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a i_o therefore_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o these_o present_a misfortune_n gain_v the_o small_a advantage_n of_o quiet_a and_o retirement_n though_o not_o such_o a_o quiet_a as_o he_o may_v have_v expect_v who_o wisdom_n have_v former_o 1._o former_o by_o free_v it_o from_o catiline_n conspiracy_n see_v chap._n 22._o book_n 1._o procure_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o public_a and_o endeavour_v not_o whole_o to_o languish_v out_o that_o solitude_n which_o not_o choice_n but_o necessity_n have_v lay_v upon_o i_o though_o africanus_n indeed_o i_o myself_o must_v confess_v have_v get_v much_o great_a glory_n by_o his_o solitude_n and_o retirement_n for_o none_o of_o his_o thought_n
be_v commit_v to_o write_v nor_o any_o monument_n remain_v of_o what_o he_o do_v in_o his_o leisure_n and_o when_o he_o be_v alone_o whereby_o we_o be_v give_v to_o understand_v that_o he_o never_o be_v idle_a nor_o ever_o proper_o alone_a because_o he_o be_v always_o employ_v in_o meditation_n and_o in_o search_v out_o those_o thing_n which_o by_o think_v he_o become_v master_n of_o but_o i_o who_o have_v get_v such_o a_o strength_n of_o genius_n as_o to_o be_v content_a when_o alone_o with_o the_o company_n of_o my_o bare_a thought_n be_o force_v to_o apply_v all_o my_o study_n and_o endeavour_n to_o the_o drudgery_n of_o write_v i_o have_v write_v more_o therefore_o within_o a_o very_a short_a time_n since_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o state_n than_o i_o do_v for_o some_o year_n while_o it_o be_v in_o its_o flourish_a condition_n chap._n ii_o the_o subject_a of_o duty_n the_o most_o useful_a part_n of_o all_o philosophy_n a_o exhortation_n to_o his_o son_n to_o be_v diligent_a in_o his_o study_n the_o subject_a of_o this_o three_o book_n panaetius_n neglect_v to_o treat_v of_o it_o though_o he_o do_v at_o first_o design_n it_o a_o say_v of_o rutilius_n rufus_n now_o though_o all_o philosophy_n my_o dear_a cicero_n be_v a_o rich_a as_o it_o be_v and_o plentiful_a soil_n which_o have_v not_o any_o part_n of_o it_o waste_v and_o uncultivate_v yet_o there_o be_v no_o place_n that_o be_v more_o fruitful_a in_o it_o or_o from_o which_o more_o advantage_n accrue_v to_o the_o husbandman_n than_o that_o which_o be_v employ_v about_o office_n or_o duty_n from_o whence_o those_o precept_n and_o direction_n be_v draw_v which_o lead_v towards_o a_o steady_a and_o virtuous_a way_n of_o live_v wherefore_o though_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o cratippus_n the_o great_a philosopher_n of_o our_o age_n be_v daily_o inculcate_v these_o thing_n to_o you_o and_o you_o be_v receive_v they_o with_o that_o attention_n they_o deserve_v yet_o i_o have_v think_v it_o not_o whole_o unnecessary_a myself_o to_o remind_v you_o of_o so_o important_a a_o matter_n and_o can_v wish_v that_o your_o ear_n may_v continual_o ring_v as_o it_o be_v with_o such_o precept_n and_o not_o hear_v as_o far_o as_o possible_a any_o thing_n else_o and_o as_o this_o be_v a_o method_n which_o be_v useful_a for_o all_o man_n who_o design_n to_o lead_v virtuous_a and_o creditable_a life_n so_o for_o no_o one_o live_v perhaps_o more_o than_o yourself_o for_o consider_v you_o be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o industrious_a father_n one_o who_o have_v bear_v the_o great_a honour_n in_o the_o republic_n and_o have_v get_v himself_o some_o credit_n and_o reputation_n in_o the_o world_n people_n therefore_o will_v expect_v that_o you_o shall_v follow_v my_o step_n and_o it_o be_v your_o part_n to_o see_v that_o you_o answer_v their_o expectation_n beside_o it_o be_v no_o small_a thing_n you_o have_v take_v upon_o you_o by_o be_v at_o athens_n and_o under_o the_o great_a cratippus_n whither_o since_o you_o be_v go_v as_o it_o be_v to_o a_o staple_n and_o mart_n of_o good_a literature_n it_o will_v be_v scandalous_a for_o you_o to_o return_v again_o empty_a and_o bring_v a_o reproach_n both_o upon_o the_o place_n and_o your_o master_n wherefore_o dear_a son_n be_v industrious_a and_o diligent_a and_o spare_v no_o manner_n of_o pain_n and_o labour_n if_o i_o may_v call_v it_o a_o labour_n and_o not_o rather_o a_o pleasure_n to_o study_v and_o learn_v that_o you_o may_v make_v a_o good_a use_n of_o these_o advantage_n before_o you_o and_o when_o all_o thing_n be_v thus_o plentiful_o supply_v on_o my_o part_n let_v it_o never_o be_v say_v that_o you_o yourself_o be_v want_v to_o your_o own_o great_a interest_n but_o i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o upon_o this_o at_o present_a have_v heretofore_o write_v again_o and_o again_o to_o you_o by_o way_n of_o exhortation_n let_v we_o now_o proceed_v to_o the_o five_o and_o last_o part_n of_o our_o propose_a division_n in_o division_n after_o this_o discourse_n and_o advice_n to_o his_o son_n he_o come_v now_o to_o his_o subject_n of_o compare_v profit_n and_o honesty_n but_o tell_v we_o first_o that_o panaetius_n though_o he_o propose_v yet_o do_v not_o discourse_n upon_o this_o three_o head_n show_v he_o design_v to_o have_v do_v it_o and_o be_v large_a in_o explain_v the_o sense_n it_o be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o panaetius_n then_o who_o without_o all_o controversy_n have_v write_v most_o accurate_o upon_o the_o subject_a of_o duty_n and_o who_o in_o this_o work_n with_o a_o little_a alteration_n i_o have_v hitherto_o follow_v lay_v down_o as_o be_v say_v three_o general_a head_n which_o man_n use_v in_o consult_v or_o deliberate_v concern_v their_o duty_n in_o the_o first_o it_o be_v question_v whether_o the_o action_n they_o be_v go_v about_o be_v honest_a or_o dishonest_a in_o the_o second_o whether_o it_o be_v profitable_a or_o unprofitable_a in_o the_o three_o how_o a_o good_a man_n ought_v to_o determine_v the_o case_n if_o that_o which_o seem_v honest_a shall_v come_v into_o competition_n with_o that_o which_o seem_v profitable_a of_o the_o two_o former_a head_n he_o have_v give_v we_o a_o account_n in_o his_o three_o first_o book_n and_o therein_o have_v promise_v to_o go_v on_o with_o the_o three_o of_o they_o but_o have_v fail_v it_o shall_v seem_v of_o be_v so_o good_a as_o his_o word_n which_o i_o wonder_v at_o the_o more_o upon_o this_o account_n because_o we_o be_v tell_v by_o his_o scholar_n possidonius_fw-la that_o he_o live_v thirty_o year_n after_o those_o book_n be_v publish_v and_o i_o can_v but_o admire_v at_o the_o same_o possidonius_fw-la that_o have_v a_o occasion_n in_o some_o of_o his_o write_n to_o discourse_v upon_o this_o argument_n he_o shall_v do_v no_o more_o than_o just_a touch_n upon_o it_o in_o short_a especial_o see_v he_o himself_o have_v observe_v that_o in_o all_o philosophy_n there_o be_v no_o one_o subject_n more_o necessary_a and_o important_a some_o indeed_o think_v who_o i_o can_v agree_v with_o that_o panaetius_n do_v not_o forget_v this_o part_n but_o omit_v it_o on_o purpose_n and_o that_o in_o plain_a truth_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v omit_v since_o profit_n can_v never_o be_v real_o contrary_a to_o honesty_n whether_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v omit_v or_o not_o may_v perhaps_o be_v a_o question_n but_o whether_o panaetius_n design_v it_o or_o no_o and_o afterward_o neglect_v it_o i_o think_v can_v be_v none_o for_o a_o writer_n certain_o that_o propose_v three_o head_n and_o go_v through_o with_o but_o two_o of_o they_o must_v needs_o design_n to_o discourse_v upon_o the_o three_o nay_o he_o tell_v we_o himself_o in_o the_o close_a of_o his_o three_o book_n that_o he_o will_v afterward_o proceed_v to_o this_o remain_a part._n beside_o we_o have_v the_o authority_n of_o possidonius_fw-la to_o vouch_v it_o who_o in_o one_o of_o his_o letter_n have_v give_v we_o a_o say_v of_o rutilius_n rufus_n who_o be_v scholar_n to_o panaetius_n as_o well_o as_o himself_o that_o as_o never_o any_o painter_n have_v be_v yet_o so_o bold_a as_o to_o venture_v upon_o finish_v that_o piece_n of_o venus_n which_o it_o which_o one_o of_o the_o famous_a painter_n that_o ever_o be_v of_o the_o island_n cos_n in_o the_o aegaean_a sea_n therefore_o by_o ovid_n call_v artifex_n cous._n he_o be_v often_o mention_v by_o greek_a and_o latin_a writer_n and_o particular_o for_o a_o admirable_a piece_n of_o venus_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n he_o begin_v a_o second_o which_o be_v here_o mention_v but_o do_v not_o live_v to_o finish_v it_o apelles_n leave_v imperfect_a at_o the_o island_n cos_n the_o beauty_n of_o the_o face_n make_v all_o man_n despair_v ever_o to_o paint_v a_o body_n that_o shall_v be_v answerable_a to_o it_o so_o the_o excellency_n of_o that_o which_o panaetius_n have_v write_v upon_o this_o subject_a make_v other_o afraid_a of_o attempt_v to_o add_v that_o which_o he_o have_v omit_v chap._n iii_o whether_o panaetius_n do_v well_o in_o make_v this_o three_o head_n reason_n why_o he_o do_v not_o the_o danger_n of_o separate_a profit_n from_o honesty_n what_o the_o stoic_n mean_v by_o live_v according_a to_o nature_n two_o sort_n of_o virtue_n the_o perfect_a and_o ordinary_a the_o former_a belong_v to_o the_o wise_a only_o the_o latter_a be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o most_o perfect_a virtue_n as_o it_o be_v count_v by_o the_o multitude_n be_v real_o imperfect_a not_o imperfect_a have_v show_v from_o reason_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o possidonius_fw-la that_o panaetius_n design_v to_o have_v write_v upon_o this_o head_n he_o now_o proceed_v to_o inquire_v whether_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v do_v it_o or_o not_o that_o panaetius_n therefore_o do_v think_v he_o be_v oblige_v to_o discourse_n upon_o this_o part_n be_v