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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A61893	A reply unto the letter written to Mr. Henry Stubbe in defense of The history of the Royal Society whereunto is added a Preface against Ecebolius Glanville, and an answer to the letter of Dr. Henry More, containing a reply to the untruthes he hath publish'd, and a censure of the cabbalo-pythagorical philosophy, by him promoted.	Stubbe, Henry, 1632-1676.; Sprat, Thomas, 1635-1713. History of the Royal Society of London.	1671 (1671)	Wing S6063A; ESTC R31961	66,995	80

lignis viridibus quae si cremes egredietur primò aquosum quiddam quod ignis flammae concipiendae plane inidoneum est in fumum conversum si colligatur in aquam resolvitur diciturque Mercurius deinde exibit oleaginosum quiddam vocaturque Sulphur tandem remanet siccum terrestre salisque nomen obtinet But I proceed to demand of our Virtuosi why do they say That All that the drudging Art of Chymistry aims at is by Solution of Bodies to separate their three Elements and by coagulation to bring a liquid or humid Body to a solid substance Is there no other operation in Chymistry but solution and coagulation of Bodies Enquire into the Chymical Tyrocinia 't will trouble you to reduce all their Operations of Calcination Digestion Fermentation Distillation Circulation Sublimation and Fixation to these two Have those Artists no other end but the discovery of their three Elements in their laborious processes What think you of the Opus magnum the preparation of Medicaments c. about which they are very solicitous without any such aim as this Chymical Analysis What do ye mean when ye speak of only three Elements of the Chymists do not they separate an inutile insipid phlegme or water also and a Terra damnata And what is more then all this have not I demonstrated that Chymistry owes its Original and Improvements to the Peripateticks I adde 'T is not oriously false that all Chymical coagulation is the reducing of an humid and liquid Body to a solid substance since there are coagulations in Chymistry wherein the Body coagulated comes not to a solidity but continues still liquid as any Man knows to appear upon the mixtures of Liquors in the making of Lac virginis c. A cold Posset comes not to a solid consistence But our Grangousiers enlarge themselves upon Coagulation This fine feat you so well understand and it is so much beneath you that you leave it to the Apothecaries Boy when you prescribe troches for colds besides Rose-water and Sugar c. to make this solid you appoint white starch q. s. and then refer it to the Lad to be made S. a. and here is so good a coagulation that you never desire to learn any other kinde of it so long as you live except it be the secret of making the hard Sea-bisket Is not this a most excellent parade and a good account of the three moneths study of so many eminent Wits to contrive this harangue they are most excellent Diviners They tell what I doe and what I acquiesce in with as much vanity and falshood as if 't were one of their Experiments Physicians do indeed put Starch into some Troches for Coughs but 't is not to coagulate it meerly but as an operative part of the Medicament otherwise we can boil the Sugar high enough to coagulate without Starch or use the mucilage of Gum Dragàcanth c. But that we understand no other coagulation or desire to know none else is a Saying becoming the Virtuosi and none else How many ways had the Ancients of separating the caseous part of the Milk and making of Whey Is there not any of us inquifitive how to make a Sack-posset or Cheese Could not we coagulate Oyle and Red lead into a Cere-cloth nor give consistence to Plaisters with Wax before these Insolents Did not we understand the making of Common Salt Salt-peter and Alcalisate Salis c. before these Pig-wiggin Myrmidons appear'd To conclude since Chymistry and its several Operations were the discovery of the Peripateticks as I have largely proved elsewhere 't is not for the R. S. to upbraid them with the ignorance thereof thus nor for the Virtuosi to pretend to any praise therefrom till they discover more then they have yet done in that Science which my Adversaries here you see understand not at all Pittiful Scriblers I am concern'd for the Honour of our Nation least it suffer more then ever by such defenses as these I assure the Virtuosi I could not wish a sharper Revenge upon them then to publish such Writings as these Whatever Folly and Ignorance I charge upon them they furnish me with new Arguments to prove it I advise them hereafter to write against me in the Universal Character that the Ignominy of our Nation may be more conceal'd or to retire into some Deserts fit receptacles for such Plagiaries Cheats and Tories least this second sort of worth-less Fanaticks these Alumbrado's in Religion and all Sciences for 't is now manifest that they understand Chymistry as little as the Languages Rhetorick Logick and History continue the Infamy of our Kingdoms There needs no more to be said to this Paragraph and as to the next I desire onely that my Reader would compare this Answer and my Censure and see how Material the one is and how Superficial the other and let him take notice of the great usefulness which he ascribes to Doctors of Divinity There is one Argument against the Author not inconsiderable to which you have some reference that is The study of such Controversies Distinctions and Terms is of great use when we have to deal with a Papist-disputant It 's very true yet it proves not any excellency in that knowledge of it self but meerly in relation to the Adversary though we have fresh Instances of worthy Persons amongst us who have with good advantage managed the debate in behalf of our Church against that of Rome without much help from those Schools yet that sort of Learning even for this reason may be still maintained in the same manner as Trades-men who lye on the English Borders towards Wales usually keep a Servant to Jabber Welsh though no learned Language to the Brittains their Customers This is the great acknowledgement our Doctors have for dubbing any of the Virtuosi the Universities who are mainly in the Colleges design'd for that study are in a fair way to be sold though at present they may be continued This defense is pretty and I think justifies my Imputation that they are enemies to the Universities and would change the education of England I am astonished to finde such a passage as this in a juncture when the R. S. is under so great an odium The next passage I have nothing to say unto beyond the Censure onely he tells me that He could not find any such passage in the Page I refer unto The reason is because he never looked The truth is the History is there wrongly paged and there is twice 362 and that which I cite is the second 362 following after 369. How accurate are these men not to know thus much in their own Books I argue according to the Church of England how they answer and how pertinently let others judge The last passage under debate is the application of Scripture to common raillery Let any Man weigh the Words of the Historian and the Form of my Censure and he will find my reprehension just

their defamations and menaces of an assassination or bastinado not to mention the Suit at Law whereunto Dr. Ch. M. was obliged by certain persons of that neither Generosity Morality or Religion had any tye upon them superiour to their revenge Not the relation that the Virtuosi pretend to have unto his Majesty could reclaim my Adversaries from violating that Amnesty the indulgence whereof signalizeth him to all Ages and the inscription whereof he dignifieth with the honour of his Royall Motto Not conscience which is still engaged to an utter oblivìon by the ACT though the PENALTY be determined not Civill prudence which might have represented unto them how fatall this president might prove by raising jealousies and seeds of discontent in the breasts of others whose case might be the same erelong and whose crimes had transcended mine as much as the actions I had done to efface my offences did exceed their performances T was strange to find as it were S. Paul upbraided with what he had done at the death of S. Stephen and to see that I was upbraided not only with what I had formerly writ but blamed for contradicting my self though the contradiction amounted to a profession of Loyalty to the King obedience to the Church and regard to the Universities Was there ever Indiscretion transported thus far If that decision be true of Aerodius That t is in vain to pardon offences if the party so gratified may be upbraided therewith afterwards May I not adde that t is in vain to expect any compliance from the discontented and non-conformists if their Conversion shall be reckoned to their disparagement and their ignominy aggravated thereby Thus Hudybras is come to Court A wise objection becoming such as have transcended mee in their actings and Schismaticalness To aggravate the malignity of my temper t is made my fault that I defended M. H. in some Grammatical Questions against a member of the Royal Society one much more criminall than I could be I am reviled with opposing Mr. B. in his Holy Common-wealth and Key for Catholicks and to shew how barbarous my demeanour towards him was after the Elogies of Reverend learned and ingenious HE is said to bee a person worthy of great respect and our Ecebolius addes that hee can scarce forbear affirming concerning him as a learned Doctor of our Church did that HE was the only man that spoke sense in an Age of non-sense As may be demonstrated out of the Evangelium armatum I shall not recriminate upon Mr. Glanvill there is a disloyalty which extends beyond writeing it may be found in praying preaching and communicating with Rebellious Schismaticks and if Education and the being bred in ill times may excuse him what is it that deprives me of that accessional alleviation But since what I have said hath been satisfactory to my Prince and is more than many of my Adversaries can pretend I shall now insist upon NO OTHER EXCUSE After our Impertinent hath spent three parts of his book in this unchristian Satyre and which I had effectively prevented that which hee saith to the controversies in agitation is very little and his performances very meane Hee gives no reparation to the Physicians for these injurious words The moderne Experimenters think that the Philosophers of elder times though their wits were excellent yet the way they took was not like to bring much advantage to knowledge or any of the uses of humane life being for the most part that of notion and dispute which still runnes round in a labyrinth of talke but ADVANCETH NOTHING And the unfruitfulness of those Methods of Science which in so many Centuries never brought the world so much practical beneficial knowledge as would help towards the cure of a CUT FINGER is a palpable Argument that they were fundamental mistakes and the way was not right For as my Lord Bacon observes well Philosophy as well as faith must be shown by its works And if the moderns cannot shew more of the works of their Philosophy in six yeers then the Aristotelians can produce of theirs in more than thrice so many hundred let them be loaded with all that contempt which is usually the reward of vain and unprofitable projectors That this procedure hath effected more for the information and advantage of Mankind then all the Ages of Notion the records of the Royal Society alone are a sufficient evidence as the world will see when they think fitting to unfold their Treasure This passage as it gave first occasion to the controversy in hand so the indignity therof ought alone to continue it though no further incentives had been added For what Physician can with patience endure to heare so great a contumely done to all our Ancestours from Hippocrates and Aristotle down to the latter days when our most eminent Galenists did flourish in London Of the Methods of Ancient Science there were two the one consisting of more general principles or rules the other making up a particular Systeme or hypothesis such as the Aristotelian and Galenical philosophy with its variations and discrepancies accommodated to Physick and that part of it especially which is called Materia Medica Amongst the more general rules I doe comprehend the Art of reasoning and Method as also those other preliminaries of Aristotle and Galen that the final determination of philosophical truthes relating to material beings is SENSE that we ought never to relie so far upon any prejudicate reasons as to desert the convictions of our SENSES That Physick as well as the more universal philosophy of nature did subsist upon two leggs or props viz. REASON and EXPERIENCE that though in obscure cases Analogismes had their place yet that t was always best to relye on direct experience where it was to be had Now this being so ancient a Method of Science and so received by the Physicians and which is agitated in the disputes of our writers I doe justly complain that our Virtuoso should say that the way they took was so unfruitful and brought so little practical beneficial knowledge as t would not help towards the Cure of a Cut finger For they could from THINGS EXPERIMENTED demonstrate their abilities THAT WAY As I evinced As to the particular Hypothesis called Aristotelian or Galenical that even That was of much more advantage than our Virtuoso allowed it I demonstrated hereby that the Doctrine of Elements of the first second and third qualities as they were explicated and disputed had been the occasion of most of our compositions be they plaisters or other Medicaments that they were invented at first or used afterwards that according to those Principles of old Galen and afterwards his successours generally till of late did regulate themselves in their new mixtures and discoveries and this way continues still amongst the † Spanyards and Italians then whom the world never produced better Physicians and in France till the days of Quercetan and Mayerne the practise was regulated

and yet other Observators pretend to see them every day yet doth Mr. Boyle professe that he neither wanted the conveniency of excellent Telescopes nor omitted any circumstance requisite to the Enquiry Thus the Animadverter and hence he is sure that Mr. B. is in the same Error with Mr. C. that Telescopes are fallacious Let this be an instance how this Swaggerer quotes Authors and let the Reader look into the place cited from Mr. Boyle If he do so he will see that that Honorable Person saith nothing there that tends to the proving the deceitfulness of Telescopes much less that he believes them fallacious I have not the Latine Translation of those Essays but in the second Edition of the Original English I find the Discourse to which Mr. Stubbe refers p. 103. Where the excellent Author imputes it not to the Glasses that he could not for several Moneths see the Maculae or Faculae Solares but seems a little to blame those Astronomers who have so written of the Spots and more shining parts as to make their Readers to presume that at least some of them are almost always to be seen there which he conjectured was occasioned by their so often meeting such Phaenomena in the Sun ibid. But these for many Moneths our Learned Author could not discover by his Telescopes not because of their fallaciousness but because for so many Moneths they appeared so much seldomer then it seems they did before These are the Words of that Honorable Gentleman ubi sup And now how doth it appear hence that Mr. Boyle is in the same Error about the deceitfulness of Telescopes with Mr. Cross Is it sure that he thought those Glasses fallacious because he could not see the Maculae and Faculae in the Sun when they were not there What are we to expect from this Man in reference to the other Authors he cites when he so grosly and impudently mis-reports so known a one of our own who is yet alive and sees how maliciously the Caviller perverts him I shall examine his carriage to other Writers in my next Book and in that shew that most of the Arguments he brings to argue the fallaciousness of Telescopes prove only the Diversity and Changes of Mediums and of the Celestial Phaenomena not the deceit of those Glasses I have repeated Mr. Glanvills Words at large that the solidity of my Answer may appear for 't is not my intention to abuse the Reader with false Citations or amuse him with great confidence grounded upon a bare Reference to an Author which he hath not at hand thus these Virtuosi may prepossess the unwary into an ill Opinion of their Adversaries whereas they that know them as well as I do will suspend their Assent till more diligent enquiry convince them Haveing informed my Reader that this Book Caesalpinus Sir H. Savils Lectures and many others have no Index's I proceed to repeat the entire Discourse of Mr. Boyle out of the Edition my Antagonist follows pag. 102 103. But to say no more of the contingent Observations to be taken notice of in tryals Medical I could tell you that I have observed even Mathematical Writers themselves to deliver such Observations as do not regularly hold true For although it hath been looked upon as their Priviledge and Glory to affirm nothing but what they can prove by no less than Demonstration and though they use to be more attentive and exact then most other Men in making almost any kind of Philosophical Observations yet the Certainty and Accurateness which is attributed to what they deliver must be restrained to what they teach concerning those purely-Mathematical Disciplines Arithmetick and Geometry where the affections of Quantity are Abstractedly considered But we must not expect from Mathematicians the same accurateness when they deliver Observations concerning such things wherein 't is not only Quantity and Figure but Matter and its other Affections that must be considered And yet less must this be expected when they deliver such Observations as being made by the help of material Instruments framed by the Hands and Tooles of Men cannot but in divers cases be subject to some if not many Imperfections upon their account Divers of the Modern Astronomers have so written of the Spots and more shining Parts or as they call them Faculae that appear upon or about the Sun as to make their Reader presume that at least some of them are almost always to be seen there And I am willing to think that it was their having so often met with such Phaenomena in the Sun that made them to write as they did And yet when I first applyed my self to the Contemplation of these late Discoveries though I wanted neither good Telescopes nor a dark Room to bring the Species of the Sun into yet it was not till after a great while and a multitude of fruitless Observations made at several times that I could detect any of those Solar spots which having dured many Moneths at least appear'd so much seldomer then it seems they did before that I remember a most Ingenious Professor of Astronomy excellently well furnished with Dioptrical Glasses did about that time complain to me that for I know not how long he had not been able to see the Sun spotted And as for the Faculae which are written of as such ordinary Phaenomena I must profess to you Pyrophilus that a multitude of Observations made with good Telescopes at several places and times whil'st the Sun was spotted has scarce made me see above once any of the so look'd for Brightnesses And as the nature of the Material Object wherewith the Mathematician is conversant may thus deceive the Expectations grounded on what he delivers so may the like happen by reason of the imperfection of the Instruments which he must make use of in the sensible Observations whereon the mixt Mathematicks as Astronomy Geography Opticks c. are in great part built This is but too manifest in the disagreeing Supputations that famous Writers as well Modern as Ancient have given us of the circuit of the Terrestrial Globe of the distance and bigness of the fixed Stars and some of the Planets nay and of the heighth of Mountains which disagreement as it may oftentimes proceed from the different Method and unequal skill of the several Observers so it may in divers cases be imputed to the greater or less exactness and manageableness of the Instruments employed by them And on this occasion I cannot omit that sober Confession and Advertisement that I met with in the Noble Tycho who having laid out besides his Time and Industry much greater sums of Money on Instruments then any Man we have heard of in latter Times deserves to be listned to on this Theam concerning which he hath among other things the following Passage Facile saith he lapsus aliquis pene insensibilis in Instrumentis etiam majoribus conficiendis subrepit qui inter observandum aliquot scrupulorum primorum jacturam