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A69171	A treatise, touching Antichrist VVherein, the place, the time, the forme, the workmen, the vpholders, the proceeding, and lastly, the ruine and ouerthrow of the kingdome of Antichrist, is plainly laid open out of the word of God: where also manie darke, and hard places both of Daniell and the Reuelation are made manifest. By Lambert Danæus.; Tractatus de Antichristo. English	Daneau, Lambert, ca. 1530-1595?; Swan, John, d. 1617.	1589 (1589)	STC 6229; ESTC S111048	137,818	208

any right iudgement that can make any further doubt who it is of whom this place of Paule is to be vnderstood And this opinion and interpretation of mine is holpen hereby for that the very schoole-men themselues do flatly denie that Mahumet is the right Antichrist or he whom Paule meant in this place And agayne Bernard ouer and besides those things which he wrote vnto Eugenius Bishop of Rome and ruler at that time of the Popish Synagogue wherein it easely appeareth that he acknowledged the Sea of Rome to bée the Seate of Antichrist Yet further vpon the Canticles Sermon 33. he saith that Antichrist should bee a noone Diuell because he should rise and sit in the South And as for the scituation of Rome it is toward the South as by the Geographicall description of Climates may easily bee proued Lastly in the Epistle of the Church of Leodium written to Paschall the second Bishoppe of Rome and is extant in the second Tom. of the Counsells it is flatly affirmed that Rome was meant by Peter vnder the name of Babylon 1. Pet. 5.13 and that it is at this day the very true and right Babylon And as for that which Viguierus bringeth out of the Comments of his schoole-men namely that Antichrist should bee borne in Babylon and liue in Iudea in the Cities of Bethsaida and Corazin It is very sottish and is not to bee warranted by any place of Scripture but he like a subtile merchaunt was disposed by that meanes to corrupt the true meaning of that place and peruert the sence of the Scripture that so no man might once thinke of the Pope of Rome That Rome which is in Italie and is repayred out of the dust and ruines of the olde ouerthrowne Citie is the seate or Chaire pointed at and painted out by God himselfe for Antichrist that should come The sixtenth Chapter BVt whereas Austin writeth lib. 20. De Ciuitate Dei cap. 19. that it is vncertaine and not plainly exprest in the Scripture in which of the Churches of God Antichrist should sit as whether at Rome or at Ierusalem but only that it is generally sayd that he should not sit in the Temple of Idols but should rule in the midst of Gods Church this saying of Austin I say is but feeble and is at no hand to be yeelded vnto For if other places of the Scripture be compared with Paule we shall finde that it is clearely set downe not only in what place generally but euen in what Citie perticularly Antichrist should sit and strengthen himselfe and exercise his power And that verie Citie is Rome which to bee true experience and the issue of things which is the expositour and true accomplishment of this Prophecie hath and doth sufficiently declare from whence wee may and must fetch a most plaine and cleare interpretation of this place and of certaine other obscure and darke speaches in the Reuelation Now that Rome is the place long since allotted by God to be the seate of Antichrist it appeareth hereby First whereas the state of Poperie is as I haue shewed before nothing else but a liuely Image of the olde Empyre of Rome such as it was while it kept in Rome and remayned Idolatrous it could not otherwise choose but that as Rome is the Seate and Metropolitane Citie for that Empire so likewise the Chaire of this counterfait and new fourbisht Kingdome should bee planted at Rome repayred and made newe the which also as Blondus in his booke that treateth of Rome affirmeth is a verie picture and platforme of olde Rome restored Secondly that place of the Apocal. 17.18 doth most euidently conuince it where it is flatly affirmed that the seate of the Beast should bee That great Citie which at that time had rule ouer all the world and stood vpon seauen Hils which is euident out of the 9. verse of that Chapter in these words Here is the minde that hath wisedome The seauen heads are seauen Mountaines whereon the woman sitteth Wherein Rome is most certainly and plainly desciphered which at that time was Maistris of al the world and was commonly called the * Septicollis seauen-hild Citie because it contayned within the compasse and circuit of her walles seauen Hilles In respect whereof Virgill in the second booke of his Georg. handling matters of husbandrie writeth thus This life the old Italians led both Remus and his brother And so Etruria waxed strong by this meanes and no other And so did Rome arise at last the brauest towne of all Which doth inclose seauen seuerall hils in compasse of her wall And againe in the 6. booke of Aenaeados bringing in Anchises speaking to his sonne Aenaeas of the acts which Romulus should performe he saieth Behold my sonne by this mans meanes shall Rome arise on hie And stretch her power as farre as land her courage to the Skie That famous Rome The names of these Hills are Capitolinus Aventinus Esquilinus Quirinalis Viminalis Palatinus Caelius that goodly towne both stately stout and tall Which doth enuiron seauen hills in circuit of a wall Thirdly and lastly this mine assertion receiueth further strength and light from an other place of the Reuel 16.16 if it at least bee rightly vnderstood which is thus And they gathered thē together into a place called in Hebrew Armageddon Wherein this is it which he foretelleth that all they which should bee sent by the false Prophet that is by Antichrist to wage warre agaynst GOD and his Saincts which are the faithfull should assemble themselues in a place which is called in Hebrewe indeede after the common manner Armageddon But as it ought to bee read Geddon-Harma That is where the high place was cut downe as if ye should tearme it the Ruine of Rome For all they that seeke the ouerthrowe of Christes kingdome in fauour of Antichrist do vsually repayre to that place where that auncient high and stately Rome sometime stoode and where now new Rome is restored the very place of old ruinous Rome together with all that coast wheresoeuer any ruine appeares of that auncient Rome How is it then that all those do especially resort to this place who perfourme seruice to the false Prophet and to the Beast Marry because euen by the decree and appoyntment of God both the Beast and his false Prophet which is the man of sinne of whom Paule speaketh were and still are to haue their certaine aboad in that place Whereby we see that from hence wee may most certainly gather and conclude that Antichrist may not sit in any other place at a venture but only at Rome that is in that very place where sometime that auncient Rome was built and where now are to be seene the sheards and rubbage of that olde building Experience hath prooued this to be true For the Pope sitteth and dwelleth in newe Rome as in the true and proper Metropolitane Chaire belonging to his Kingdome And it is so certaine true that Rome

Church vnder the Bishop of Rome at last he flatly determineth of him in this sort He is the very Antichrist Agayne vpon the Canticles Sermon 33. that I prosecute not many places of this Authour touching this poynt he vseth the very same speach and assertion Further what shall wee thinke of that famous Epistle of the Church of Leodium agaynst Paschall the 2. which is extant in the 2. Tome of the Councels doth it not adde great testimonie and credit in this behalfe The words whereof are these Wee do vtterly dislike those Legates a Latere sent from the Pope that runne prolling about to scrape vp pence and fill their bagges as in the daies of Zosimus Celestine and Boniface the Counsells of Affricke approued For that we may iudge them by their fruites there insued by their meanes no amendment of manners but oppression of men and spoyle of Gods Church Touching the matter of Haughtinesse or Ambition where in al the world was it euer greater Surely Peter 2. Pet. 2. toucheth and tainteth this true of Clergie men with the note of extreame insolencie as men who set not a button by lawfull Magistrates And seeing the Man of Rome maketh open challenge that himselfe is set aboue all Kingdomes and Kings in the world as did Leo the 12. in a Bull and Preface beginning Concordat And Boniface the 8. vpon a day of Iubilie causing to be caried before him in the sight of the people a Key and a Sword what could bee more plainlie and fitly spoken then to compare both Antichrist himselfe his whole Hierarchie vnto the weake and impotent affection of a sielie woman All the world knowes and the thing it selfe shewes no lesse what often and bitter contentions and bickerings haue been raised about the getting of the triple Crowne And indeede Austin himselfe euen in his daies obserued no lesse as he reporteth in his 6. Booke agaynst Iulian cap. 4. yea very heathen men haue obserued recorded the same in writings as namely Ammianus Marcellinus of Pope Damasus Agayne Bernard vpon the Canticles Sermon 33. speaking of that stately State and of those that were preeminent in it There are arisen sayth he vaine men itching after renowne and glorie and faine they would become somebodie and procure themselues a name And lastly in his 4. Booke De Consideratione vnto Eugenius the Pope after he hath described and detested the pride and pompe of the Bishops of Rome at last hée shutteth vp the matter in these words Herein saith he thou shewest thy selfe to haue succeeded not Peter but Constantine Peter is he who neuer knew what belonged to such solemne shewing himselfe abroad in braueries of precious stones or silkes or golde or riding vpon a white palfray or being guarded with a troupe of tall fellowes or inuironed with a companie of ruffling seruing-men But to say the truth Bernard speaketh sparingly to compare the Bishop to Constantine he should rather haue named Dioclesian that cruell tyrant or Caligula both which by meanes of their precious and glorious attyre would needes bee accompted and reuerenced as Gods Agayne Hilarius contra Auxent speaking of the state of Antichrist These fellowes saith he do ambitiously affect the countenance and maiesticall port of the Secular power and so thinke to vphold the flourishing estate of the Church by a shewe of worldly pompe And lastly he saith They make great accompt of this to be greatly accompted of in the world All this he speaketh of Antichrist And I pray what was more vsuall or common to be seene in the Papacie than the practise hereof Or what was there euer more puft vp and insolent then that route of the Romish rabble Insomuch as the Bishop of Rome decreed and established it that his Cardinalls should take the vpper hand of Kings themselues which is euident to be seene in their Clementines And thus much of their Ambition As concerning their Idolatry the penne of euery writer is plentifull in shewing how outragious it should be in the kingdome of Antichrist Austin in his treatise De Antichristo He shall reuiue saith he the worshipping of Deuils he shall set vp and magnifie the wicked and shall violate and reiect the lawe of the Gospell And all these things saith he shall he do in the midst of the Church Whereupon it is that in many places of the Reuel as cap. 17. 18. The Kings of the earth are said to commit fornication with the Harlot which is to be referred vnto the matter of Idolatry But what and where was ther euer Idolatry so grosse and apparant as was and is in Poperie As concerning their riot and licentious behauiour there was no want of that to be found in that kingdome and that in the very bosome of the Church by occasion whereof it is said Reuel 18.9 that the kings and nations of the earth did not only commit whoredome but also liued with her in licentious wantonnesse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 drenched drowned in all manner of pleasures as Paule speaketh of wanton Widdowes 1. Tim. 5.11 This loosenesse of life is both common and commended among the very Bishops and Priests and other Prelates of the popish Cleargy the which also begā not of late to be espied but such as liued aboue 400. yeares ago as namely Bernard bewrayed and bewailed it often and that in vehement manner as in his 5. booke De considerat and vpon the Canticles Sermon 33. the which place because it expresseth as it were in colours the loose behauiours of the Romish Prelates I haue thought good to exemplifie it word for word They beare out themselues saith he in an honorable port with the goods of the Church whereunto notwithstanding themselues bring no credit or worship at all Hence commeth that whorish tricking that Stage-like attire that Prince-like pompe which daily we see in them Hence proceedes the golde that they vse in their bridles saddles and spurres in so much as their spurres are more glittering then their Alters Hence came their stately tables their varietie of dishes and quaffing cups hence issued their ionketing bankets their dronkennes and surfaicts hence followed their Viols Harpes and Shawmes hence flowed their Cellers and Pantries so stuffed with wines and viands of all sorts hence gat they their Lee-pots painting boxes and hence had they their pursses so wel lined with coine fye vpon it such men they will needes be and yet they are our great maisters in Israel as Deanes Archdeacons Bishops and Archbishops These works of theirs are little inferiour vnto that filthines which they commit in darknesse And lastly he addeth these words For he is the very Antichrist Let any that list peruse the whole place as also the said Fathers Epistle vnto Eugenius and againe set him reade the little booke of Nicholas de Clemengis wherein he complaineth of all the orders of the Papacie And lastly Peter de Vineis in his Epistles To conclude let him reade and obserue what Platina himselfe

who otherwise for the most part shewes himselfe the Popes claw-backe writeth of these matters in many places but especially what he reporteth of Samosatenus in the life of Dionisius the first where he sheweth that neuer was there seene or heard of more retchlesse and lewde behauiour then was found in the pontificall and Romish minions Ierome also in his Prologue De spiritu sancto confirmes this same where he tearmeth Rome Babilon and that purple coloured whore spoken of in the Reuelation Therefore to conclude seeing this place of Paule is not to be vnderstoode of any one man but of the whole bodie and order of Apostates which should succéede and last for many ages boasting it selfe vnder the name of the Church it may now easily be discerned who be the men and what corporation or state that is whereof Paule in this place fore-warned and no man can doubt except such as are wilfully blind that the Papists are they VVhich Beast of those three that are mentioned in the Reuelation doth point vs out Antichrist The ninth Chapter THe which that it may yet more plainely apeare let vs sée which beast it is vnder whose shape or figure Antichrist is expressed and shewed vnto vs in the Apocalypse And first it is manifest out of Daniell that by the name of a beast a certaine state or condition of things is signified Cap. 7. and 8. Now the Beasts that are mentioned in the Reuelation are in number three besides the Dragon himselfe who is the Diuell as the Angell there expoundeth it the father and begetter of those other three Beasts The first whereof is that which there is said to come vp out of the bottomlesse pit and is not otherwise described vnto vs by any expresse fourme or shape Reuel 11.7 17.8 The second is that which commeth vp out of the Sea and is there likened vnto many beasts as vnto a Leopard a Beare and a Lyon which also is there described to haue seauen heads and ten hornes euen as his graundsire the Dragon had Cap. 13.1 12.3 The third is that which is there said to be like vnto the second but hauing two hornes like vnto the hornes of the Lambe and this to rise out of the earth Cap. 13.11 And vnto this Beast in other places is added as a companion a false Prophet by whose helpe the Beast can worke many things and is maintained in flourishing state whose father also the Dragon is said to be Cap. 16.13 19.20 Concerning the first Beast mentioned in the 11. Chapter it is all one with the third as we may perceiue by the effects of them both For by either of these Beasts one and the selfe-same order and state of men is signified which was hatched by the Dragon their Sire and vphelde and maintained by the same false Prophet But in the said 11. Chapter there is first briefely and in generall that set downe which after in more perticular plentifull manner is described where the beginning the end the drift practise and purpose thereof is displayed that so we might take the déeper knowledge of it Cap. 13. 17. And it is all one to rise out of the earth and out of the bottomlesse pit for the pit in the Scripture is said to be vnder the earth but yet he is said to rise out of the pit and out of the earth in diuers respects For this Beast is said to rise out of the earth in respect héereof for that they that should sway and rule this state and kingdome should rise of the riffe-raffe and skomme of the people Againe he is said to rise out of the pit because those raskals brewe breathe out nothing else but that that is dogged dunghill-like and diuelish and flat opposite to God and godlinesse Therefore in regard of the base condition of those by whom this gouernment is manadged this Beast and this kingdome is said to rise out of the earth that is of the verie raskally people For for the most part such are the Cardinals of Rome and such others as are crept vp into the Prelacie and Primacie in the Kingdome of Popery And in regard of their precepts rules and doctrine the same Beast and this order of men is said to rise out of the pit that is out of Hell for that it sauoureth teacheth followeth and enioyeth nothing but diuelishnes that is as the Spirit of God teacheth Reuel 2.24 the déepenes of Sathan and out of doubt such is the doctrine of Popery Therefore the first second Beast is all one but heerein the difference that the description of the first being but rudely or confusedly at first set downe is after distinctly handled and laide open that so we might the more easily take knowledge of it So it is also in Daniell with whome the Reuelation is principally to be compared both in respect of the order by them both obserued and of their stile or manner of writing where after the Prophet had in vision séene the 4. Monarchs and so briefely set downe Cap. 7. those things which made for the comfort of the Church and were to be obserued in the two latter Monarches afterwards he rippeth vp the same matter againe and handleth it more distinctly and seuerally Cap. 10. 11. and as there so héere there are two Chapters interlaced betwéene the first generall propounding and the last more perticular handling of those matters Wherefore séeing the first and the third Beast signifie all one thing the question is only of the second whether by it rather then by the third Antichrist is purtraited of whome Paule in this place speaketh Truly that I may speake my mind briefely in this behalfe I thinke that by this second Beast mentioned Apoc. 13.1 is signified euidently the Romane Empire being Idolatrous such as it was while the Emperours had their residence in Rome before they remoued their seate to Constantinople For that Romane Empire together with the succession of the Gouernours in the same is purtraited out vnto vs vnder the tipe of seauen heads and ten hornes But these ten were after abridged and brought vnto two for afterwards there were but two hornes of the Romane Empire that is two Princes seates or places of residencie whereof the first and most auncient was at Rome in Italie the second and latter at Bizantium otherwise called Constantinople in Thracia whether Constantine the Great translated his mansion or abiding place whereupon it came to passe that both in generall Counsels and in the Decrées of Emperours mention is of two Romes one the olde which is the true Rome built by Romulus the other the new which is Constantinople which also began to holde vp the head by vertue of the priuiledges prerogatiue of olde Rome But betweene these two hornes of this one and the same Romane Empire this was the difference which also is of vs diligently to be obserued that so long as the horne or seate was in Italie the Romane Emperours were

him-selfe and that in the midst of the Church of God Whereby it appeareth first that this defection whereof Paule héere speaketh is not to be vnderstoode of the secte of Mahumet or the Turkes because they neither sit in nor pretend the Church of God but verie directly of the state of Poperie This speach of Paule might séeme to agrée with that of Daniell Cap. 7.8 20. where mention is made of a little horne which arose among the ten other hornes and is said there to speake presumptuous things But in my iudgement their opinion is truer who referre that place of Daniell not to Antichrist but vnto the gouernment of the Romane Emperours and especially to Vespasian who in regard of his vnknowne pedigrew is there tearmed a little horne Therefore touching this which Paule speaketh heere that Antichrist the Prince of this Apostacie should vsurpe the name of God the question is whether it be to be vnderstoode of the verie name and title of God or onely of the power of God which he should wickedly arrogate to him-sefe Some therefore do not thinke that the very expresse name of God is héere meant but only that he should rush into the office and vsurpe and challenge to him-selfe the power and maiestie of the highest But vndoubtedly seeing that the thing it-selfe which is the complishment of this so renowned a prophecie doth proclaime it openly that the Bishop of Rome the highest Potentate in the state of Popery hath made intrusion vpon them both in taking vpon him as well the very name as the authoritie of the Lord God this place without all question is to be vnderstoode of both And touching the name of God the Romane Bishop hath not made squaimish but verie flatly and without any circumlocution hath both admitted of the name him-selfe and neuer refused it at the hands of others For is he not by them called a God in the earth doth he not suffer the very Emperours them-selues to kisse his feete nay with an impudent face he acknowledgeth him-selfe to be so called he admitteth plausibly of it and inwardly ioyeth at the stately title as appeareth Distinct 21. throughout the whole Treatise Further where-as not only he suffereth himselfe to be called the vniuersall Bishop of the whole Church but accoumpteth that title and honour of right to belong vnto him doth he not in effect vsurpe and take vpon him the name of God for who else is the vniuersall Bishop of the Church but God him-selfe and Christ Iesus who only and rightly is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the chiefe Sheepheard high Priest 1. Pet. 2.25 5.4 Hebr. 6.20 7.26 9.11 And what is it else I pray to be called Prince of Bishops and head of the Church then to be called a God as Cyprian in the Counsell of Carthage affirmeth The first and auncient Bishops yea of Rome it-selfe did so shunne and were so afraide of this blasphemous and abhominable title of vniuersall Bishop as being in their iudgements properly belonging to none but to Antichrist as that they in truth acknowledged openly affirmed and publikely proclaimed that he was the verie Antichrist of whome Paule speaketh in this place who soeuer would take vpon him to be so called so doth Gregorie the great giue it out Booke 7. Epist 3. to Eubolius Bishop of Alexandria and 80. to the same Bishop And againe Epist 78.79 reade also what is written in way of detestation of this proude title in the Canon of the first Session taken out of the third Counsell of Carthage and out of the Epistles of Pelagius Bishop of Rome in Ca. nullus Dist 99. Moreouer reade what the same Gregorie wrote to Mauritius Augustus Epist 194. 188. lib. 6. Item reade the Counsell of Carthage celebrated vnder Mauritius the Emperour who liued in the yeare of the Lord 595. died 604. At the first there arose an vnhappie contention betweene Iohn Bishop of Constantinople and Pelagius Bishop of Rome about this title Now Iohn being Bishop of Constantinople had Mauritius the Emperour of Constantinople on his side and so he began to be called the vniuersall Bishop and that at the instance and commaundement of Mauritius the Emperour who was so earnest in the cause that in anger he called Gregorie a foole for refusing to do so yea and procéeded so farre in displeasure against the Romanes as that he stirred vp those of Lombardie which then was a part of Italie to wage warre against them about that quarrell After Iohn succeed Cyriacus Bishop of Constantinople who also by the commaundement of the Emperour was called the vniuersall Bishop But then Pelagius Bishop of Rome began stoutly to oppose him-selfe against these two yea and that while Mauritius him-selfe as yet liued And after him Gregorie the great would none of that title but with-stoode it verie earnestly and when it was offered him he like a good and godly man refused it But Boniface the third being tickled with an itching humour after such stately preheminence and hauing opportunitie thereunto by meanes of the great fauour of Phocas who succeeded Mauritius in the Empire obtained that he who was Bishop of Rome rather then the Bishop of Constantinople should be called vniuersall Bishop Now the occasion of this their contention rose by meanes hereof for that the Bishops of Constantinople were woont publikely to consecrate the Emperours of Rome as Iohn installed the said Mauritius and also crowned Tyberius as Euagrius reporteth lib. 5. cap. 13. and Zonaras Tom. 3. Wherevpon they began to looke aloft and waxe insolent towards the Bishops of Rome as being more worthy then they On the other side the Romane Bishops relied much vpon the dignitie of old auntient Rome and looked thereby to haue themselues and their Sea respected And by this meanes that pestilent garboyle began in the Church In which quarrell the other Bishops did not sit still and play the lookers on but shewed them-selues partakers and in the ende after much contention the Romane Bishops preuailed through subtile practises but more by meanes of wicked treacherie In so much that on his side the prerogatiues of the Romane Sea were by the Emperour him-selfe proclaimed and the Bishop him-selfe blazed out with the title of Vniuersall Byshop the which to say the truth could not otherwise come to passe for that Antichrist must néedes haue bin seated at Rome and not at Constantinople as heereafter shall be declared And thus much touching the name of God vsurped by him That Antichrist did wickedly arrogate to himselfe the power of God The fourtenth Chapter AND concerning the power of God no doubt the sayd Romane Bishoppe takes that vpon him and aduaunceth himselfe aboue the diuine Maiestie For whereas the high power of God sheweth it selfe especially in these two poynts In the disposing of kingdomes Dan. 4.22 and in the frée gouernment of his Church that beastly fellowe hath incroached vpon both these And as

people not pliable to peace trained vp in tumults a nation fierce cruell intractable neuer yeelding but where it is not able to resist what one among a thousand shall ye finde in that Citie that will preferre ye to the Popedome without a present bribe or hope of reward try me if yee will whether I haue any skill or knowledge of their behauiour They are principally wise to do a mischiefe but starke fooles to do any good they are hated both of God and men as hauing offered iniurie and violence to them both Impious they are against God foole-hardie in matters of religion seditious among them-selues enuious to their neere neighbours discurteous and currish toward Strangers and Forraigners them-selues louing no man are beloued of none and seeing they would be feared of all men it can not be but they should stand in feare of all They be such as can not abide to be inferiours and yet knowe not how to behaue them-selues in superioritie treacherous and vnfaithfull they are toward their betters prowde and vntollerable toward their inferiours Impudent they are in begging and insolent in denying importunate in vpseeking neuer quiet till they are sped and most vnthankefull when they haue obtained They haue taught their tongues to boast of Mountaines when they meane to perfourme as small matters as Moale-hills plentifull in promises but as sparing in performance smooth-tonged flatterers and dogged back-biters meale-mouthed dissemblers and despitefull traytours Thus farre that famous Doctour Bernard of Romane manners But before the dayes of Bernard one Saluianus Byshop of * A Citie in Fraunce Marseill who liued Anno Domini 480. in his Booke De prouidentia Dei writeth thus of those men Therefore saith he the name of a Romane Citizen was some-time not only in high price but obtained also at a great price but it is now voluntarily refused yea abandoned of all men in so much as it is not only coumpted contemptible but abhominable Now can there be a greater proofe of the impietie of Rome then this that many men of good calling to whome otherwise the flourishing state of Rome should be a credit and dignitie should notwithstanding in regard of the wickednesse crueltie of Rome be glad to renounce the name of Romanes thus farre Saluianus Now these fellowes in processe of time proued neuer a whit better nay another bird of their owne neast and one greatly accoumpted of among them I meane Mantuan speaketh thus of them Practise ye may at Rome what you will saue godlinesse only But touching that place of the Reuelation Cap. 16.16 that it ought so to be refourmed and read as I haue set downe Geddon-Harma I learned of Ioseph Scaliger a man verie excellent in antiquities and other knowledge For it is certaine that those words were written thus in Hebrew Geddon-Harma therfore according to the maner of the Hebrewes we must in reading the words goe from the right hand toward the left but the Notarie who afterward exemplified the words when they were translated out of the Hebrewe into Gréeke or Latin following the order that is vsuall with the Gréekes and Latines in their reading and so beginning at the left hand procéeding to the right put downe Harmageddon in stead of Geddon-Harma Now this place of the Reuelation is taken and applyed although some thinke otherwise in resemblance and imitation of that which is written Daniell 4.11 in these wordes Hewe downe the tree where the word Geddon is first and then Harma followeth next And that Hebrew word Harma signifieth among the Hebrews an high place or as Hierome would haue it a porche or as may be gathered out of Iudges 1.17 a place destroyed and being written with an asperation the letter H before it a stately and famous Citie such as ould Rome was Lastly in the verie word there is an allusion vnto the name of Rome being written in Hebrewe which is exprest with the verie same pricks letters and all So doth Hierome thinke Isa 21.11 that in the word Romé Rome was alluded vnto So Iohn Mercer a verie skilfull man in the Hebrew tongue vpon the Cant. 4.6 thinketh that in the word Mor allusion was added vnto the mount Moria which was one of the heads of Sion hill Verie certaine it is that the allusion or resemblance is very fit proper in that Roma should be tearmed Horma that is that high and stately place whether ye respect the hilles and scituation of the soyle wherein it was built and reared at what time Iohn wrote these things or the bruite and fame that went of it because that Citie was more glorious then any other and was coumpted as Austine speaketh the Lady and Mistresse of the whole world yea euen Virgill in the first of his Eclog. testifieth héereof in this manner I like a foole did liken Rome friend Melib. to a Village And to our simple countrie towne that stāds by plough tillage But she doth shadow all the rest and shewes her head farre higher Then doth the Caedar tree exceede the Bramble and the Briar And agayne That roiall Rome that spreads her power abroad both farre and nigh As farre as doth the Ocean sea her glory to the skie Vpon all these euidences we may boldly giue sentence that the seate of Antichrist the place where-unto all resort that fight against God is expressely determined and set downe and that is Rome which at this day standeth but built vpon the graue ruines and asshes of that auncient and famous Rome which was layde in the dust by the Gothes that is which is seene to be re-edified and inhabited againe in the verie place where the former prowde Citie was ouerthrowne Re-edified I say but to a cleane contrarie purpose to that of the restoring of the second Ierusalem after the captiuitie of Babylon which likewise was reared againe in place of the ould For Ierusalem was renewed to the ende that God againe might therein be serued but this Rome was new raysed that God againe should therein be blasphemed In what respect the assemblyes of the Papists and of Antichrist are called the Temple and Church of God wherein aunswere is made to manie of their obiections The seauententh Chapter NOw this question is great and right worthy the handling namely how and in what sence Paule giues the name of the Church vnto this defection or Apostacie and the name of the temple of God vnto that companie and crewe of the backsliders Is Poperie the Church of God may one say Indéede this point hath troubled and still doth trouble many and those not vnlearned who are therefore kept still in Poperie for that they thinke and estéeme the same as the Church of God although corrupt and hauing blemishes Now for the better clearing of this matter we must thus distinguish Things that are called after one and the selfe-same name and haue a resemblance or likelyhood the one of the other they are either iust of the same nature and

which I will enforce out of the words them-selues for Iohn describeth Rome both touching the ould state of the Empire and also touching the state there-of being after renewed and restored as it is euident in the 13. Chapter And as for the ruinous and decaied estate thereof it was the Pope only that restored it and which gaue life vnto that Image which was as it were starke dead therefore he mentioneth and meaneth both the states thereof Afterwards he in the 17. Chapter vers 8. speaketh plainely of the Beast which should arise out of the bottomlesse pit Now as for the ould Romane Empire it was in force while Iohn was yet aliue wherefore it is most certayne that Iohn spake of the Byshops kingdome that should after ensue And this is that seauen-headed Beast where-of he speaketh Thus therefore it is euident that those things whiche Iohn heere wrote are to be vnderstoode of the kingdome and monarch of the Bishop other-wise all thinges will be out of frame and disagree To what ende should I heape vp many things what neede I adioyne vnto these heauenly oracles being so manifest so certaine and so many in number the testimonies of men which are vncertaine and doubtfull therefore I heere ende gathering out of all that hath bin spoken this most manifest and strong conclusion The Conclusion with a repetition If he be Antichrist which opposeth him-selfe vnto Christ which lifteth vp him-selfe against all that is called God or is worshipped which hath brought an Apostacie or backsliding into the Church which sitteth in the Temple of God which boasteth him-selfe that he is God which when the Italian and Romane Empire was ouerthrowne vsurped vnto him-selfe a kingdome and tirannie which immediatly after the ascension of Christ began in his fore-runners which shall last to the end of the world which hath Sathan for his fellow-worker which braggeth of his signes and wonders counterfaiteth himselfe like vnto the Lambe and yet speaketh like vnto the Dragon which restoreth the Image of the first Beast which in euery respect is a right Latine which possesseth Rome the mysticall Babylon the Citie with seauen hilles which is clad in Purple which is an Harlot and which hath all the markes of Antichrist that are diligently and plainlie set downe in the Scriptures by the Spirit of God which of necessitie must needes be so except we thinke that Antichrist is ill set out by the holy Spirit then is the Romane Bishop and no other Antichrist But the antecedent or first is true therefore the consequent or that that followeth is also true Thus haue I hitherto handled my matter in way of propugnation or defence now will I also by the grace of Christ maintaine the same agaynst the oppugnation or battrie that the graue Doctors shall bring agaynst it FINIS Bernard a Monke of Cluniacke liued about 400. yeares agoe He wrote vnto Peter Abbot of that Monasterie three satyricall inuectiues in the two latter whereof he taketh vp roundly and that not vniustly the tyrannous behauiour of the Cleargie and Bishop of Rome Some of these verses I haue copied out as they stand extant in a Booke of his intituled A Catalogue of witnesses of the truth which I haue caused to be written out not so much for the elegancie of the stile or verse as for testifying the truth and to shewe what opinion men in those daies had of the Romane Antichrist LEX mala furibus his subeuntibus intrat abundè O mala secula venditur infula pontificalis Infula venditur haud reprehenditur emptio talis Vēditur annulus hinc lucra Romulus auget et vrget Est modò mortua Roma superflua quando resurget Roma superfluit arida corruit afflua plena Clamitat tacet eriget iacet dat egena Roma dat omnibus omnia dantibus omnia Romae Cum pretio quia iuris ibi via ius perit omne Roma nocens nocet atque viam docet ipsa nocendi Iura relinquere lucra requirere pallia vendi Saepe notarius est ibi carius emptus vt ille Quae cupis exaret sacra praeparet ipse sigilla Si tua nuntia praeuenit vncia surge sequaris Si datur vncia stat prope gratia pontificalis Sin procul haec valet haec tibi lex manet schola talis Diues es indiga pinguis es arida libera seruis Libera subderis aeréqae venderis ipsa proteruis Saepe reuenderis hinc reprehenderis ore Iugurthae Sylla vorax rapis cupis capis trahis ad te Roma ruens Rota foeda satis nota cauteriat te Gurges es altior arca voracior alta lacuna Infociabilis insatiabilis omnibus vna Quò bibis amplius hoc inhiantius huc date clamas Dic rogo sufficit at mihi deficit ipsa reclamas Si tibi det sua non repleat tua guttera Croesus Marca vel aureus amodò non Deus est tibi Iesus Mittis in extera tollere munera sola flagrantes Quem tua dirigit huc manus exigit ille tributum Nec bona secula sed bona fercula molléquefulcrum Suetus ab vbere non nisi currere vel peditare Celtica curribus exit equestribus arua meare Qui modò gressibus ibat ovantibus incomitatus Clerus equestria vix animalia pascit auena Serica pallia dat tibi Gallia Roma caprinum Errat tibi pedes ambulat hîc eques in resupinum Gens fluit obuia fit sibi gloria pulchra videri Ductus in atria pontificalia molle recumbit Pocula praecipit agmina suscipit oscula iungit Roma quid exequar imò quid eloquar aut tibi promam Vncia te rotat vncia te notat non esse Romam Tu populos tibi te rutilans sibi marca subegit Semper enim lucra progenies tua vult agit egit Haec sitis ebria stat tibi propria marte togáque Te cremat impiat vrit inebriat excruciátque Das sacra culmina das moderamina sacra probrosis Arida mitibus afflua ditibus ambitiosis Fas mihiscribere fas mihi dicere Roma fuisti Ecce relaberis atque resolueris ordine tristi Vrbs sine viribus sine patribus obruta marces Dardanias premit Ausonias emit aureus arces Fas mihi scribere fas mihi dicere Roma peristi Obruta moenibus obruta moribus occubuisti Vrbs ruis inclyta tam modò subdita quàm prius altta Quò prius altior hoc mihi pressior labefacta Clauda redis caput alta iacis apud omnipotentem The same in English AN ill custome when these theeues tooke place came in apace O wicked world a Bishops pall is sould A pall is sould and yet such sale is not comptrolde The Ring is sould thence the Pope doth heape hunt for gould Rome is now dead I meruaile when she wil again raise vp her head She ouer-flowes and yet she wants her plentie proueth scantie She cries in