infinite and incomparable but bycause of the short time it was like a bright lightning The whiche beyng diuided into manye Prouinces part of them continued noble a good whyle But our kings only dyd maintaine two hundred thousande footeinen fortie thousand horsemen thrée hundred Elephants vsed to the warre two thousande armed Chariots and so muche armoure as woulde serue thrée hundred thousande Besides this prouision for the lande they had two thousande of the small vessels and of galleys little and greate a thousande fyue hundreth with double furniture eyghte hundred shippes of shewe whiche they vsed for pompe with stems and sternes of golde seauen hundred and fortie talents of Egipt in their treasure al the whiche appeareth by the Princes recordes which be yet extant The seconde king of Egipt after Alexander who of al other was moste able to spende most bountifull to bestow most desirous to get lefte this behinde him Other Princes were not muche inferiour but by mutuall discorde of their posteritie which is the onely destruction of great kingdomes they came to nothing But the Romane Empire passed for greatnesse and felicitie for continuaunce and wisedom in the Senate neither wanted they manhoode nor patience nor painefulnesse til they had established their power nor gaue place to misfortune they loste sometime twenty thousande sometyme fortie and fiftye thousand at a battaile â–ª diuerse tymes the Citie was in daunger by famine pestilence and sedition Yet all this woulde not abate their ambition by the space of seauen hundred yeares stryuing with paine and perill till they brought their dominion kéeping stilâ—one â—rade â–ª to this heigth as they receyue moste ample fruits of their wisedome and happinesse These things many Gretians and Romanes haue put in writing and the Historie is farre excéeding the Macedonians and where as I haue considered their valiauntnesse and would sée it in euery nation my penne hath carried me from Lybia to Vberia from Iberia into Sicilie or Macedonie or to embassages confederacies of sundrye nations and then brought me againe as a forced man to Sicilie and to Carthage and eftsoones carried mee away from these vnperfect til I had gathered by partes howe of tthey sent ambassadours or armyes into Siâ—ily and what they did in that Iland til they had conquered it TheÌ„ how many ambassages how many leagues were made betwéen them what ouerthrowes on bothe sides were giuen till Carthage was ouercome and Africa made a prouince and then Carthage restored againe to the state that it is nowe I haue done the like in euerye prouince bycause I would know what the Romaines did euery where that I might sée the manhoode or fayntnesse of al natioÌ„s and the vertue and fortune of them that conquered and whatsoeuer other matter chaunced Thinking this woulde be acceptable to other also to vnderstand the Romaines actes after thys sorte I haue written of euery nation by it selfe leauing to write what was done in the meane time of other placyng them seuerally To set the times to euery thing I thought it too much the moste notable I will expresse by their distance of time At the firste the Romaines had one name as al other after came another and at length the thirde also was added to some of them to be known by some marke of body or vertue of mind as the Grecians had surnames ioyned to their names Some time I wyll put all chiefly of the noble men that they may be the better knowen the most I will name by the one or the other as shal be moste fitte And where there be thrée bokes that declare the Romaines doings in Italie I call them thrée the Romaines actes with the Italians and for the multitude of matter are thus diuided The firste conteyneth the reignes of the seauen kings therefore I call them The Historie of the Romane Kings Then followeth the Booke of matters done in Italy beside them that dwell in the coast of Ionia the which Booke for a difference is called The Romanes warre after the Kings The last of all in that land were the Samnites next the Ionian sea a nation most fierce and warlike fighting with the Romanes fourescore yeares till they and the Grecians their fellowes that inhabite Italy were subdued and this booke for the difference from the other two is called The Romanes warres with the Samnites All the other haue their seuerall titles as The Romanes warre with the Galles the Sicilians the Iberians with Hanniball with Carthage with Macedonia and so forthe The order of the whiche is after the order of the time in the which they were done though that many other things happened by the way The ciuill seditions and warre among themselues most horrible of all the rest shall be declared by their names that were chiefe doers of the same as Marius and Sylla Pompey and Caesar Antony and Caesar Augustus and the killers of Caesar the elder Then shall be shewed of Antony and Caesar whiche made an end of ciuill warre when Aegipt came vnder the Romanes dominion So all the warres are diuided into bookes of their nation or to the names of the Captaines if they be ciuill The last booke shall declare what armies they haue what reuenue they take of euery Nation â–ª what charges they be at with their ordinarie garrisons by sea and suche other And séeing I shall wright of their vertue it shall be fitte to beginne of theyr originall Who I am that haue written these things many knowe I haue shewed it before and to tell it more playnely â–ª I am of Alexandria accepted in my Countrey and exercised at Rome in causes of Justice touching the Emperoures til it pleased them to thinke ine worthy their seruice He that will know the rest may learne it of the Bookes that I haue written ¶ The Romanes warre with Mithridates King of Pontus by Appian of Alexandria WHen the Romanes had ouercome Mithridates the King after xlâ—j yeares warre they made Bithinia Cappadocia and other nations bordering vppon theÌ„ inhabiting the sea called â—â—xinuâ— subiecte vnto them And in the same warre they wonne of Cilicia those that were not yet of their obedience and of Syria Phoenitia Coelosiria and Palestina and the midde land to the floud Euphrates not béeing vnder Mithridates but by the violence of that victory And to some they put tributes by and by to some afterward Paphlagonia Galatia and Phrygia and Mysia ioyning to Phrygia and after them Lydia and Caria and Ionia and all the rest of Asia that is aboute Pergamo and old Grecia and Macedonia whiche Mithridates hadde gotten they recouered soone agayne and to manye of them appointed tributes that neuer had payd any For that which I thinke they call this chiefly the greate warre and the victory of it also greate and the Captayne of it that was Pompey in their proper language they name greate to this day for the number of the
brother when he was toward mane estate Which two being taken away he lay close a great whye and vexed Spayne wyth priuie robberies tyll he hadde good rescet to him and then he professed hymselfe to he Pompeys sonne aâ—â— made open rodes and when Iulius Caesar was slayne he moued playne warre béeyng ayded wyth greate multitudes and forces of the suddayne gayning Shippes and publike treasure He â—ppressed Italy wyth famine and broughte hys enimies to what conditions he woulde and that most is when the wicked condemnation was executed in Rome he saued manye of the noble men that enioyed theyr Countrey by his benefyte but Fortune not fauouring hym he woulde neuer take the aduantage of hys enimie neglecting manye occasions he would lye still Thys was he that now is in bondage Titius commaunded hys army to sweare to Antony and put hym to death at Mileto when he hadde lyued to the age of fortye yeares eyther for that he remembred late displeasure and forgot olde good rurnes or for that he had such commaundemente of Antony There bée that saye that Plancus and not Antony dyd commaunde hym to dye whyche héeyng president of Syria had Antonyes signet and in greate causes wrote letters in hys name Some thynke it was done wyth Antonyes knowledge he fearyng the name of Pompey or for Cleopatra who fauoured Pompey the great Some thynke that Plancus dyd it of hymselfe for these causes and also that Pompey shoulde gyue no cause of dissention betwéene Caesar and Antony or for that Cleopatra woulde turne hyâ—auour to Pompey When hée was dispatched Antony tooke hys iourney into Armenia and Caesar agaynste the Slauonians continuall enimyes of the Romanes neuer obeying the Romane Empire but reâ—oltyng in euery ciuill warre And bycause the warres of Illyria are not thoroughly knowen vnto me nor sufficient to make a iust volume and can not â—e declared commodiously otherwise I hâ—ue thought it good to referre them to the time that theâ— were subiect to the Romances and making a compendious Treatise of them to ioyne thâ—â— with the affayres of 〈◊〉 FINIS Faultes escaped in the printing of the fiue Bookes of ciuill vvarres of Rome Pag. Line Faulte Correction 1 1â— shoulde shall â— 35 Liâ—bia Libya 4 1 duke of Loma gulfe of Ionia 4 vlt. Colligant Colligauit â— 20 of that of them that 13 2 Paperius Papirius 16 33 pastime pasture 25 25 Hirsians Hirpinianâ— 29 17 Falerno Ealerno 32 16 Canue Canne â—8 2â— Cithegus Cethegus â—0 17 meanes malice 54 14 warres wayes 69 vlt. Garinus Garganus 70 8 birdes burdens 73 20 Cateline Catilina â—3 35 that Milo Milo that 85 26. 28. 29. Ptotolomie Ptolomie 95 3 Dirrachium Dyrrachium 97 2 Sypris Sycoris â—â—2 â—4 mnalyâ— manly â—05 1 Baron barne 106 â—31 seyning seeming â—07 34 os .viij. C. sauing 800 â–ª â—â—0 1 Veâ—ona Velona 114 7 slingers slingers 110 â—â— any 120. onely 120. 115 2 fourtie 40â— 115 27 so soe 126 9 Methridates Mithridates â—40 â—7 came comming â—61 2 4â— 400. ibid. 5 horse hoâ—â—e ibid. â—◠〈◊〉 Tuâ—rciâ—◠¶ A CONTINVATION of Appian of Alexandrîa Wherein is declared the last acte of the wofull Tragedie of the Romaines bloudie Dissentions in the whiche Marcus Antonius was ouerthrown by sea at Actio and by land at Alexandrîa Where both he and Cleopatra killed themselues after the which Octauius Caesar was the only Monarch of all the Romane Empire alone In this we be taught That Gods vengeance is sharp although it be â—â—â—vv and that peoples rule must gâ—â—â— place and princely povver preuayle AT LONDON Imprinted by Raulfe Newberry and Henry Bynniman Anno 1578. ¶ TO THE RIGHT HONOrable his singular good Mayster Sir Christopher Hatton Knight Capitaine of the Queenes Maiesties Garde Vicechamberlaine to hir Highnesse and one of hir Maiesties most honourable priuie Counsayle AS the losse of old possessioÌ„s is a griefe to the landed men eueÌ„ so the decay of auÌ„tient bokes is a smart to the learned sort Titus Liuius father of the Romane historie whom to see repaire was made of Gentlemen froÌ„ farre places vvhiles he liued hath not escaped the iniurie of time but bin left vnperfitte to the great sorovv of posteritie after he dyed Cornelius Tacitus that folowed him both in matter and age could not auoyde that iniquitie althoughe the Emperor Tacitus commaunded his bokes to be written ten times euery yeare This Authour Appianus Alexandrinus hath had the like lucke for al the estimation he vvas in the halfe of his labour being lost and the last part of the vvhole ciuill tumult not now to be had froÌ„ him but briefly supplyed otherwise that the end of the Romanes wo the beginning of our ioy might be declared the one successiuely folovving of the other The vvhich it may please your honour to accept according to your accustomed goodnesse beseeching the liuing Lord long to preserue the same Your Honours humble seruaunt H. B. A Continuation of Appian of Alexandrîa till the ouerthrow of M. Antonius vvhiche vvas the laste ciuill dissention after the whiche Octauius Caesar had the rule of all the Romane Empire alone AFter that Octauius Caesar and M. Antonius had agréed with Sextus the yonger sonne of Pompey â–ª the great â–ª it was determined that Antonius shold make warre vpon the Parthians to reuenge the death of Crassus Wherefore presently he sent Ventidius to represse the Parthians and he to gratifie Octauius was content to marie his sister and to be made the holy minister of Iulius Caesar that was dead he remayning in Rome ruling by common consent with Octauius Caesar as well the matters of the Cittie as of the whole Empire And as it befalleth betwéene such Princes to make pastimes in play and matches Antonie alwayes had the worse at the whiche he was somewhat moued He had in his company an Aegiptian after the maner of a Soothsayer who eyther to please Cleopatra or to shew the very truth tolde Antonie then that hys fortune was obseured by the fortune of Octauius Therefore hée aduised him to go furder off For sayth he wheÌ„ thou art abrode thy nature is noble and coragious but when thou art with him it is deiect and afrayde of his Antonie whether by this motion or his owne inclination was content to leaue all there to Octauius and to go towarde his olde loue of Aegipt yet carying his new wife with him into Graecia pretending an earnest desire to reuenge the iniurie that was done to Crassus which was after this sorte Crassus Pompey and Caesar were all suters for the Consulship in Rome agaynst them stoode Cicero and Cato Crassus and Pompey were chosen and they continued Caesars authoritie in France for fiue yeares longer which he only desired In castyng lottes for the prouinces Spayne fell to Pompey whereof he was glad beyng giuen to please his wife and the people was gladde beyng desirous to haue Pompey nigh the Citie Syria fell to Crassus whereof he was
the help of the Romanes and oppressed of famine and continuallye assaulted of Annibal for he hearing the Cittie was riche and full of golde gaue them no time to rest they commaunded all the golde and siluer both publique and priuate to be broughte into the market and mixed it with lead and yron that it shoulde bée vnprofitable to Annibal And bycause they hadde rather dye by sworde than by hunger at mydnyght when it was most darke they came out and assailed the watch of the Carthagies looking for no such thing and killed many of them whiles some sought and some putte on their armour The sight was long many Carthagies were slaine and all the Saguntinesâ— whose decay beyng séene from the wals some of the women leapt from the top of their houses some hanged themselues some killed first their little childreÌ„ then themselues This was the end of Sagunt which was a great mighty city When Annibal vnderstoode what was cone with y mony he tooke as many of the youth as was left whom he tormented and killeÌ„d And not thinking it good for a Citie situate at the sea and in a fertile soyle to be vnhabited he made it an inhabitation of Carthage whiche nowe as I thinke they call Carthage Spartâ—gena The Romaines sent Ambassadours to Carthage whiche shoulde require Annibal as a breaker of league vnlesse they wold confesse it to be done with the common consent except they wold deliuer hym to denounce theÌ„ war presently They dyd so and where the Carthagies would not deliuer Annibal they gaue the desyaunce and they saide it was done after this sorte The Carthages scorned the Romane Ambassador Hee tooke vppe the â—â—irt of his gawne and saide In this garment O Carthagies I bring you war and peace chose which you wil. They aunswered giue vs which thou listest he giuing war they cried al with one voice and we receiue it by by they sent to Hannibal to ouerrun al Iberia for the league was broken Wherfore he raunging euerye where got some by flattery some by threats and some by force He gathered many souldioures not shewyng to what purpose he didde it Hys meaning was to goe into Italy to sende Ambassadors to the Galles to search the way of the Alps to carry his army to Rome leaue Asdrubal in Spaine The Romaynes thinking they must make war with the Carthagies in Spaine and Affrica not once suspecting their comming into Italy sente Tiberius so 〈…〉 into Affrica with one hundred thrèescore and twoo ships and two 〈◊〉 What 〈◊〉 Longue and other Generalles didde in Labya all is shewen in the booke of the Libyan warres They sente into 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Scipio with thréescore Shyppes and ten thousande sâ—â—temen and seauen hundred horsemen to whome they ioyned for 〈◊〉 his brother Câ— Cornelius Scipio But one of them that is 〈◊〉 when he heard of the Marchants of 〈◊〉 that Anniball was comming into Italy and had passed the Alpes being aâ—raâ—â—â— he shoulde haue taken the Italians vnpâ—câ—â—ted he deliuered the army to hys brother and in a Galley sayled into 〈◊〉 What he or other Captaynes did that succeeded hym in thys war tyll Anniball was driuen out of Italy after sixteene yeares it is shewed of vs in the booke that followeth wherein also wee shewe all Annibals actes and therefore name the booke by Annibals name Cneus in this warre of the Romanes didde nothing worthy of wrytyng till his brother retourned vnto hym For when hys tyme was expired the Romanes sent the Consulls for hys successors to make the warre againste Anniball and hée was vnderconsull to them and sent againe into Spaine And so the twoo Scipioâ— didde make warre agaynste Asdruball in Spaine The Carthagies being prouoked to fight of Syphax kyng of Numidia they called home Asdrubal with part of his armye wherby the Scipios did easily gette the reste of Spaine and mayne Citties yéelded fréely For they were apte to gouerne armyes and also by persuasion to winne Cities to their obedience The Carthagies compounding with Syphax sente Asdruball into Spaine wyth more menne and wyth thyrtye Elephantes adioyning other two Captaines to them that is Mago and Asdrubal Gysgons sonnes After that tyme the Scipios had sharpe warre and yet were superiors of the whiche manye souldiours of the Carthagies and Elephants were consumed till the winter beyng come the Carthagies went to winter at the Turditanes And Pub. Scipio stayed at Caâ—â—ulone and Cncus at Orsonae To whom when it was shewed that Asdrubal was comming he went out of the Citie wyth a fewe to sée his enimies power but going too far vnaduisedlye he was circumuented of the contrary horsemen and killed and al that were with him Cneus Scipio not knowing the chaunce of hys brother sent hys souldiors to fetche artillerie wyth whom the Affricanes made a fraye Whiche Cneus vnderstanding came foorth in haste with the light harnessed to helpe hys men wherof the former being killed and putte backe Scipio was driuen into a Tower the whiche they sette a fyre and burned hym and hys companye Thus the two Scipios were killed men certainly of great worthinesse greatly loued and lamented of the Spaniards that had committed themselues for their sakes to the Romaine obedience When this was knowen at Rome the Romanes tooke it very grieuously and sent Marcellus which a little before was come out of Sicilie and with him Claudius wyth a nauy and ten thousande footemen two thousand horsemen and mony and victuall sufficient to make warre in Spaine Of the whiche no notable thing being done the Carthagies encreased very much for nowe they had wellnigh gotten all Spaine the Romaynes béeing dryuen into a little streight so as they were caste to the Pyrene hils The whiche when they at Rome hearde they were more grieued and afraide least whiles Anniball wasted those Regions whiche were at the sides of Italie the other army shoulde inuade another way therfore thoughe they woulde neuer so muche they coulde not leaue Spaine fearing the warre of Spaine woulde stretch to Italy Therefore they appointed a day to determine a Generall for the war in Spaine To the whiche prouince when none nowe offered hymselfe they were in more trouble and feare than before for all the Senators were still for feare till Cornelius Scipio sonne to Publius that was slaine in Spaine a yong man of xxiiij yeres of age but wise accompted noble in mind did step forth boldly spake lamentably the harde happe of hys father vncle affirming that he alone was left to reuenge both their deaths and other things he added with great eloquence and vehemenete so as it were by a diuine inflamation he promised to restore not onely Spaine but also to take Carthage wherefore he was thoughte to boaste too muche lyke a young man but he got the fauoure of the people whiche was stroken with greate feare For they that â—eare when better hope is promised them they
that were yet holden of the enimies xl furlongs about in the meane season gaue an onset vpon Teutinus another captaine of the Dalmatians put him to flight and chased him by the mountaines toke the citie in his sight For y Citizens coÌ„ming out before the preparation was finished they had a repulse and the Romanes in the flight got into the Citie with theÌ„ when they had slaine the third part of the Citizens they droue the rest into the Castle There was one bande of the Romanes that kept the gats vppon whom when the Barbarians issewed the fourth night they were afrayd and forsoke the gates but Caesar came repulsed the enimies and the next day they yeelded to them Of the band that offended he punished euery tenth man by lot Of y Captaines of that bands he chastised two of euery ten the other at the sommer he coÌ„maunded to eate barley in stead of wheate Thus was Pomona taken Teutinus had diuided his army into diuerse parts in the hils wherefore the Romanes did not folow them farre being ignoraunt of the way and fearing the vnknowen and consounded pathes For there is no entrie into the woods by any plain way and the Dalmatians did lurke between two hils when they layd wayte for Gobinius in the which place they set also an ambushe for Caesar but he burned the woods on eyther side the way and sent his army by the hils and himselfe went vp the vallies cutting downe the woods inuading the Cities and burning what so euer was in his way He besieged the Citie Setouia into ayde of the whiche came a great number of Barbarians with whom Caesar met and wold not suffer them to passe Being hurt in that fight in the knée he lay sicke many dayes Being recouered he went to Rome for the Consulshippe which he toke with Bar batio Tullo leauing Statilius Taurus to ende the warre he entring his office at the beginning of the month That daye Antonie being appointed to his charge he went again against y Dalmatians keping yet the power of the thrée men for now the seconde fiue yeares were expired the which they toke of themselues the people confirmed it Therfore the Dalmatians being in waÌ„t of victuals on euery side they came of theÌ„selues to Caesar humbly yéelding and deliuering seauen hundered hostagies of their olune children Caesar commaunded them to bring the ensignes that they had taken from Gabinius and to pay the tribute whiche they promised to Caius Caesar and had deferred to this tyme And so they were made the more obedient to the Romaines euer after Caesar set these ensignes in the Gallerie that is called Octauia When the Dalmatians were ouercome the Derbanes came to yéelde themselues and to deliuer pledges and pay tributes which they had so long omitted Then Caesar came néerer to them and they deliuered their pledges which in his absence being sicke they refused to do These are thought to be the laste whiche Caesar brought to obedience whiche before had reuolted and were not acquainted with others rule Wherefore the Senate appoynted him to triuâ—phe of the Illyrians which he did when he had ouercome Antonie The other Illirians that the Romanes had before the Paeonians were the Retians Nâ—rigians Mitians whiche inhabite at the Euxine sea I thinke C. Caesar did subdew the Retians and Noritians when he made warre vpon the Celtians or that Augustus did conquere them when he inuaded the Paeonians for they haue their habitation betwéene both I finde no warre made against them of purpose wherfore I thinke they were ouercome with their neighbours For M. Lucullus L. Lucullus brother that ouercame Mithridates did ouerrunne all the region of the Mytians and helde his course to the floud in the which place there be foure Greeke cities next to y Mytians that is Histrâ—s Dionisopâ—lâ—s Odisus and Mesembria Then he brought out of Gallia that great Apollo that standeth in the palace I do not remember that any other that ruled that common wealth did bring the Mytians to tribute or Augustus but Tiberius which reigned after Augustus had them But these things are shewed of me in their place Before they had Egipt what the Emperours did after Egipt was wonne or how they spedde in warre we haue shewed them as their proper actes after these coÌ„mon enterprises in the which many things be also conteyned of the Mysians Now seing the Romanes take the Mysians to be Illyrians this booke shal be named of me the Illyrians the which I wrote that it might be an absolute matter For Lucullus ruling in the peoples time did ouerrun the Mysians and Tiberius did receyue them vnder his Monarchie ¶ The Romanes warre with the Celtes THe Celtes did first inuade the Romanes and toke Rome without the Capitoll and burned it Camillus did ouercome them and dryue them away and when they came agayne another time he dyd ouerthrow them and triumphed of them wheÌ„ he was fourescore yeares of age The thirde time they came into Italy when they were destroyed by the Romanes vnder Tiâ—us Quintus their Generall After them the Boians a most fierce nation of the Celtes came vpon the Romanes and Caius Sulpitius Dictator wente agaynste them and vsed this policie He had the Souldyoures of the front to cast their darts and streight way to set downe till the seconde thirde and fourth had done the like then euery one stouping when they had done their shotte that the contrarie weapons mighte be throwne in â—ayne when the last hadde throwne then to runne all with one force and crye with violence vpon the enimie for so they shoulde affray them if they came so suddaynely to fight with them at hand after so greate a brunt of strength Their weapons were not like the dartes which they of Rome call Gese the halfe of a square staffe with a péece of yron square also and that soft beside the poynt and euen thus these Boyans were destroyed of the Romanes with all their armie Popilius ouercame other Celtes and after him Camillus sonne to Camillus did the same and Paulus Aemilius sette vp tokens of victorie against the Celtes Before the CoÌ„sulships of Marius a greater number more warlike and for age to bée feared inuaded Italy and Gallia and ouercame some Censuls of Rome and ouerthrewe their armies againste whome Marius went and ouercame them all The last and greatest fight with the Galles was done by C. Caesar being generall there fortie huÌ„dred thousands of fierce nations did he ouerthrow in tenne yeares whiche if a man will put togither in one summe he shall finde they were about foure hundreth thousande it is certen that a hundred thousand were slayne a hundreth thousande taken foure hundreth nations eight hundred Cities some reuoltyng some fréely yéeldyng he brought to obedience Before Marius Fabius Maximus Aâ—milianus