Selected quad for the lemma: book_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
book_n	act_n	king_n	time_n	1,609	5	3.5743	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A91237	The opening of the great seale of England. Containing certain brief historicall and legall observations, touching the originall, antiquity, progresse, vse, necessity of the great seal of the kings and kingdoms, of England, in respect of charters, patents, writs, commissions, and other processe. Together with the kings, kingdoms, Parliaments severall interests in, and power over the same, and over the Lord Chancellour, and the lords and keepers of it, both in regard of its new-making, custody, admi nistration [sic] for the better execution of publike justice, the republique necessary safety, and vtility. Occasioned by the over-rash censures of such who inveigh against the Parliament, for ordering a new great seale to be engraven, to supply the wilfull absence, defects, abuses of the old, unduely withdrawne and detained from them. / By William Prynne, Utter-Barrester of Lincolns Inne. ...	Prynne, William, 1600-1669.	1643 (1643)	Wing P4026; Thomason E251_2; ESTC R234376	44,104	39

crimen_fw-la falsi_fw-la quod_fw-la in_fw-la quadam_fw-la sui_fw-la specie_fw-la tangit_fw-la coronam_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la vt_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la accusatus_fw-la fucrit_fw-la vel_fw-la convictus_fw-la falsificationis_fw-la sigilli_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la consignando_fw-la inde_fw-la chartas_n vel_fw-la brevia_fw-la writ_n than_o be_v seal_v with_o the_o king_n seal_n as_o well_o as_o patent_n and_o apponendo_fw-la signa_fw-la adulterina_fw-la quo_fw-la casu_fw-la si_fw-la inveniatur_fw-la inde_fw-la culpabilis_fw-la vel_fw-la seisitus_fw-la si_fw-la warrantum_fw-la non_fw-la habuerit_fw-la pro_fw-la voluntate_fw-la regis_fw-la judicium_fw-la sustinebit_fw-la how_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n be_v elect_v and_o the_o great_a seal_n dispose_v of_o by_o parliament_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n i_o have_v a_o 93._o elsewhere_o relate_v and_o shall_v touch_v again_o anon_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o proclaim_v king_n during_o his_o absence_n in_o the_o holy_a land_n his_o b_o 1._o lord_n and_o state_n without_o his_o privity_n make_v both_o a_o new_a great_a seal_n and_o chancellor_n to_o keep_v it_o 48._o with_o which_o in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o confirm_v the_o great_a charter_n and_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n in_o parliament_n and_o in_o another_o parliament_n in_o the_o 28_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o england_n and_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o every_o sheriff_n of_o england_n under_o the_o king_n great_a seal_n act_n to_o be_v read_v four_o several_a time_n in_o the_o year_n before_o the_o people_n in_o the_o full_a county_n and_o for_o these_o two_o charter_n to_o be_v firm_o observe_v in_o every_o point_n and_o article_n wherein_o no_o remedy_n be_v before_o at_o the_o common_a law_n there_o shall_v be_v choose_v in_o every_o shire_n court_n by_o the_o *_o parliament_n commonalty_n of_o the_o say_a shire_n three_o substantial_a knight_n or_o other_o lawful_a wise_a and_o well_o dispose_a person_n to_o be_v justice_n which_o shall_v be_v assign_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v without_o any_o other_o write_v but_o only_o their_o commission_n such_o plaint_n as_o shall_v be_v make_v against_o all_o those_o as_o commit_v or_o offend_v against_o any_o point_n contain_v in_o the_o foresay_a article_n in_o the_o shire_n where_o they_o be_v assign_v as_o well_o within_o franchise_n as_o without_o etc._n etc._n also_o e_o 2._o that_o all_o the_o king_n taker_n purveyor_n or_o rator_n from_o henceforth_o shall_v have_v their_o warrant_n with_o they_o under_o the_o king_n great_a or_o petty_a seal_n declare_v their_o authority_n and_o the_o thing_n whereof_o they_o have_v power_n to_o make_v price_n or_o purveyance_n the_o which_o warrant_v they_o shall_v show_v to_o they_o who_o good_n they_o take_v before_o that_o they_o take_v any_o thing_n and_o chap._n 6_o there_o shall_v no_o writ_n from_o henceforth_o that_o touch_v the_o common_a law_n go_v forth_o under_o any_o of_o the_o petty_a seal_n these_o be_v the_o first_o statute_n law_n extant_a prescribe_v that_o the_o king_n charter_n patent_n commission_n warrant_n writ_n shall_v issue_v forth_o under_o the_o great_a or_o petty_a seal_n though_o they_o do_v so_o usual_o before_o his_o reign_n rather_o through_o custom_n which_o creep_v in_o by_o little_a and_o little_a by_o degree_n from_o edward_n the_o confessor_n day_n unto_o this_o very_a parliament_n as_o the_o premise_n evidence_n till_o it_o get_v the_o reputation_n of_o a_o receive_v common_a law_n and_o usage_n and_o at_o last_o be_v thus_o establish_v as_o simple_o necessary_a by_o these_o present_a act_n which_o se●led_v the_o law_n in_o point_n of_o necessity_n of_o seal_v all_o writ_n charter_n patent_n with_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o add_v such_o majesty_n to_o the_o seal_n itself_o that_o britton_n a_o eminent_a judge_n and_o lawyer_n flourish_v in_o this_o king_n reign_n write_v his_o book_n as_o in_o this_o king_n name_n reso_fw-la ve_z express_o c._n 3._o f._n 10._o etc._n etc._n 8._o f._n 16._o that_o the_o *_o 15._o counterfeit_n of_o the_o king_n seal_n be_v high_a treason_n and_o that_o the_o justice_n ought_v to_o inquire_v concerning_o the_o falsifier_n of_o the_o seal_n not_o only_o whether_o any_o have_v actual_o connterfeit_v it_o but_o also_o whether_o any_o have_v hang_v any_o seal_n by_o a_o engyn_n to_o any_o charter_n without_o licence_n or_o have_v steal_v or_o take_v away_o any_o seal_n or_o otherwise_o find_v it_o have_v seal_a writ_n without_o other_o authority_n and_o chap._n 48._o exception_n aur_fw-it brefe_n f._n 122._o he_o write_v it_o be_v a_o good_a exception_n to_o abato_n a_o writ_n s●ule_fw-fr brete_n ne_fw-la fuit_fw-la unque_n enseale_v de_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr seal_n ou_fw-fr si_fw-fr le_fw-fr ordinance_n et_fw-fr le_fw-fr seal_n de_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr chancery_n we_o s●it_a point_n contenu_fw-fr and_o andrew_n horn_n another_o great_a lawyer_n live_v in_o or_o near_o this_o time_n in_o his_o my●rour_n of_o justice_n cap._n 3._o sect._n 6._o p._n 191._o among_o exception_n to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o judge_n enumerate_v this_o for_o one_o if_o the_o commission_n be_v not_o seal_v with_o the_o king_n great_a seal_n of_o the_o chancery_n car_n all_o privy_a seal_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr ou_fw-fr all_o sealed_n sealed_n l'_fw-fr exchequer_n ou_fw-fr autre_fw-fr seal_n forsque_fw-la solement_n all_o seal_n que_fw-fr est_fw-fr assign_v dée_fw-mi conud_a conud_a le_fw-fr cominalty_n del_fw-it peopl_fw-fr and_o nosmement_n en_fw-fr jurisdiction_n and_o bre_n original_n ne_fw-fr estoit_fw-fr a_fw-fr nul_fw-fr obeyer_n des_fw-fr letes_z and_o usage_n ●el_v royalme_a st_z non_fw-la solement_n pur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr du_fw-mi elle_fw-fr puira_fw-la ée_fw-fr viciouse_a pur_fw-mi le_fw-fr seal_n counterfoit_fw-fr ou_fw-fr anterment_n faux_fw-fr this_o falsify_n of_o the_o king_n seal_n to_o writ_n cap._n 1_o sect._n 6._o de_fw-la fansonners_n pag._n 28_o 29._o he_o make_v a_o crime_n next_o to_o high_a treason_n which_o forge_v he_o say_v may_v be_v indivers_a manner_n as_o where_o a_o writ_n be_v seal_v whereof_o the_o gross_a and_o matter_n or_o the_o form_n be_v not_o avowable_a by_o the_o king_n nor_o by_o the_o law_n nor_o by_o the_o right_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n if_o a_o man_n seal_n after_o that_o the_o chancellor_n or_o other_o keeper_n know_v that_o he_o have_v lose_v his_o warrant_n by_o death_n or_o any_o other_o manner_n when_o a_o writ_n or_o letter_n pass_v the_o seal_n against_o the_o king_n defence_n when_o man_n seal_v with_o counterfeit_a seal_n or_o seal_v by_o ill_a art_n or_o warrant_v not_o avowable_a and_o so_o it_o be_v falsehood_n in_o those_o who_o seal_n and_o have_v no_o authority_n and_o chap._n 4._o sect._n 2._o p._n 233._o thus_o *_o day_n our_o ancient_n ordain_v a_o seal_n and_o a_o chancellor_n for_o to_o keep_v it_o and_o to_o give_v remeliable_a writ_n to_o all_o person_n without_o delay_n then_o describe_v what_o manner_n of_o writ_n must_v issue_v he_o conclude_v thus_o and_o now_o may_v justice_n sheriff_n and_o their_o clark_n withdraw_v race_n amend_v and_o impair_v they_o without_o discern_v or_o pain_n for_o the_o writ_n that_o be_v make_v close_o to_o the_o abuse_n of_o right_a wherefore_o the_o seal_n only_a be_v the_o jurisdiction_n assignable_a to_o all_o plaintiff_n without_o difficulty_n and_o to_o do_v this_o the_o chancellor_n be_v chargeable_a by_o oath_n in_o allegiance_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o king_n that_o he_o shall_v *_o 29._o neither_o deny_v nor_o delay_n to_o render_v right_a or_o a_o writ_n remediable_a to_o any_o one_o thus_o have_v i_o give_v you_o a_o brief_a historical_a and_o legal_a narration_n of_o the_o original_a growth_n progress_n use_v and_o necessity_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o make_v subscribe_v and_o seal_v charter_n patent_n writ_n with_o other_o instrument_n in_o our_o realm_n from_o king_n aethelbert_n first_o charter_n anno_fw-la 605._o till_o the_o end_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o reign_n when_o seal_n and_o *_o 6._o seal_v grow_v more_o common_a and_o our_o ordinary_a law-book_n which_o recite_v few_o or_o none_o of_o the_o premise_n begin_v to_o make_v mention_n of_o seal_n and_o seal_v of_o who_o autiquity_n kind_n and_o present_a use_n in_o point_n of_o law_n if_o any_o desire_v further_a satisfaction_n let_v they_o consult_v with_o polydor_n virgil_n de_fw-la inventoribus_fw-la rerum_fw-la lib._n 8._o cap._n 2._o henrici_fw-la spelmani_fw-la glossarium_fw-la title_n bulla_fw-la rastal_n exposition_n of_o the_o term_n of_o the_o law_n title_n faits_fw-fr sir_n edward_n cork_n institute_n on_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la pag._n 554_o 555_o 556._o his_o 11_o report_n f._n 92._o and_o ash_n table_n title_n seales_n it_o be_v not_o my_o intention_n to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n

all_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n adjudge_v high_a treason_n attest_v whence_o it_o be_v style_v crimen_fw-la falsi_fw-la falsificatio_fw-la sigilli_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o f_o bracton_n and_o other_o and_o such_o like_a offender_n fanscors_fw-la des_fw-fr sealx_fw-fr and_o the_o inditement_n must_v be_v that_o they_o do_v it_o proditory_a neither_o of_o which_o can_v be_v intend_v of_o 185_o or_o apply_v to_o the_o new_a make_n of_o a_o great_a seal_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n for_o the_o necessary_a administration_n of_o justice_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o realm_n when_o the_o great_a seal_n be_v subtract_v as_o now_o five_o the_o lord_n and_o parliament_n make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o edward_n the_o 1_o and_o infancy_n of_o henry_n the_o 6_o without_o their_o privity_n or_o consent_n to_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o justice_n which_o else_o will_v have_v ensue_v be_v never_o repute_v treason_n but_o a_o lawful_a act_n therefore_o the_o present_a make_n of_o a_o new_a seal_n to_o remedy_v the_o wilful_a absence_n of_o the_o old_a without_o the_o king_n consent_n who_o withhold_v it_o and_o the_o keeper_n from_o the_o parliament_n *_o 29_o against_o all_o law_n and_o former_a precedent_n can_v be_v no_o treason_n but_o a_o lawful_a act._n and_o since_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n in_o the_o absence_n infancy_n and_o dotage_n of_o their_o king_n have_v usual_o of_o right_n make_v lord_n protector_n and_o chancellor_n who_o have_v power_n over_o the_o great_a seal_n as_o i_o have_v e_o 87._o elsewhere_o large_o prove_v they_o may_v be_v the_o selfsame_a reason_n make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n likewise_o to_o supply_v the_o wilful_a absence_n of_o the_o old_a final_o all_o the_o object_a statute_n and_o law_n book_n adjudge_v it_o high_a treason_n to_o counterfeit_v the_o king_n money_n as_o well_o as_o his_o seal_n and_o join_v they_o both_o together_o in_o one_o clause_n but_o the_o parliament_n have_v a_o long_a time_n coin_a money_n at_o the_o tower_n and_o make_v new_a stamp_n to_o do_v it_o when_o the_o old_a be_v break_v or_o wear_v out_o without_o any_o charge_n or_o tax_v of_o treason_n therefore_o they_o by_o like_o reason_n may_v make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n without_o treason_n if_o any_o second_o object_n that_o to_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n of_o engand_fw-mi be_v all_o one_o in_o effect_n as_o to_o make_v a_o new_a king_n of_o england_n i_o answer_v 1._o that_o to_o deface_v the_o king_n old_a seal_n and_o signet_n by_o public_a act_n of_o state_n as_o the_o hollander_n do_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n when_o they_o cast_v off_o his_o government_n for_o his_o tyranny_n which_o they_o h_o 188_o and_o popish_a author_n hold_v they_o may_v lawful_o do_v and_o to_o appoint_v new_a seal_n in_o every_o province_n only_o with_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o the_o private_a governor_n and_o provincial_n consul_n of_o every_o province_n without_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o authority_n they_o abjure_v with_o a_o solemn_a oath_n will_v in_o truth_n be_v to_o set_v up_o a_o new_a king_n and_o government_n but_o to_o make_v a_o new_a seal_n only_o like_o or_o not_o much_o different_a from_o the_o old_a to_o supply_v its_o absence_n with_o the_o king_n own_o picture_n arm_n stile_n and_o title_n be_v no_o way_n to_o impeach_v but_o confirm_v his_o royal_a authority_n be_v do_v in_o affirmance_n only_o not_o disaffirm_n of_o it_o as_o lawyer_n speak_v thus_o their_o make_n of_o a_o new_a seal_n in_o edward_n the_o 1._o and_o henry_n the_o 6._o his_o reign_n forementioned_a be_v the_o high_a confirmation_n of_o their_o authority_n and_o the_o great_a expression_n of_o the_o subject_n loyalty_n that_o may_v be_v and_o why_o the_o parliament_n make_v of_o a_o new_a great_a seal_n to_o supply_v the_o absence_n and_o defect_n of_o the_o old_a shall_v be_v deem_v a_o set_n up_o of_o a_o new_a king_n against_o his_o majesty_n more_o than_o the_o parliament_n frequent_a constitute_n of_o lord_n protector_n in_o former_a time_n to_o supply_v the_o infancy_n absence_n dotage_n or_o imperfection_n of_o our_o king_n of_o which_o i_o have_v cite_v you_o many_o precedent_n elsewhere_o which_o all_o esteem_v to_o be_v a_o ratification_n not_o nullification_n or_o alteration_n of_o their_o royal_a authority_n or_o the_o coin_v new_a money_n now_o to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o old_a transcend_v my_o understanding_n to_o apprehend_v since_o those_o who_o may_v lawful_o make_v a_o viceroy_n to_o represent_v the_o person_n or_o execute_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o a_o king_n in_o his_o name_n and_o right_n may_v with_o as_o good_a reason_n and_o authority_n to_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n to_o supply_v the_o defect_n and_o affect_a absence_n of_o the_o old_a the_o seal_n be_v less_o than_o the_o person_n and_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o proper_a seal_n of_o the_o parliament_n 2._o this_o will_v further_o appear_v by_o consider_v in_o the_o second_o place_n what_o power_n and_o authority_n our_o parliament_n have_v claim_v and_o exercise_v as_o of_o right_a over_o the_o custody_n and_o dispose_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n first_o they_o have_v usual_o choose_v and_o nominate_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n and_o keeper_n both_o of_o the_o great_a and_o privy_a seal_n of_o england_n together_o with_o the_o lord_n protector_n lord_n treasurer_n privy_a counsellor_n and_o other_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o i_o have_v i_o 73._o elsewhere_o plentiful_o manifest_v and_o commit_v the_o great_a seal_n to_o the_o chancellor_n custody_n only_o second_o they_o have_v order_v k_o 49._o that_o the_o chancellor_n shall_v not_o be_v put_v from_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o seal_n nor_o the_o seal_n take_v from_o he_o without_o the_o common_a counsel_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n in_o parliament_n upon_o which_o ground_n ralph_n nevil_n bishop_n of_o chichester_n anno._n 1236_o when_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o upon_o a_o displeasure_n earnest_o demand_v the_o great_a seal_n of_o he_o be_v then_o lord_n chancellor_n absolute_o refuse_v to_o deliver_v it_o to_o the_o king_n say_v that_o he_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n do_v it_o see_v he_o have_v receive_v it_o by_o the_o common_a counsel_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o therefore_o he_o neither_o can_v nor_o will_v resign_v it_o without_o the_o common_a counsell_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o wit_v the_o parliament_n yea_o the_o l_o 56._o parliament_n an._n 28._o of_o henry_n the_o three_o to_o prevent_v the_o abuse_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n which_o the_o king_n then_o begin_v to_o take_v from_o the_o chancellor_n into_o his_o own_o custody_n abuse_v it_o to_o ill_a end_n vote_v that_o if_o the_o king_n by_o any_o intervement_n occasion_n shall_v take_v away_o the_o great_a seal_n from_o the_o chancellor_n who_o shall_v always_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o parliament_n or_o its_o assent_n what_o soever_o shall_v be_v seal_v in_o the_o interim_n shall_v be_v repute_v void_a and_o frustrate_a till_o restitution_n of_o it_o be_v make_v to_o the_o chancellor_n after_o this_o the_o m_o 58._o parliament_n in_o richard_n the_o second_o his_o reign_n dispose_v both_o of_o the_o chancellor_n place_n and_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o henry_n scroop_n make_v lord_n chancellor_n by_o it_o refuse_v at_o first_o to_o deliver_v up_o the_o seal_n to_o the_o king_n who_o demand_v it_o of_o he_o and_o when_o he_o extort_a it_o from_o he_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v much_o displease_v and_o murmur_v against_o it_o three_o the_o chancellor_n of_o england_n n_o 71_o have_v resign_v up_o his_o office_n and_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o and_o to_o the_o parliament_n who_o have_v dispose_v of_o it_o to_o a_o new_a chancellor_n in_o parliament_n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o parliament_n roles_n of_o 4._o h._n 6._o nu._n 14._o 15._o without_o the_o king_n and_o the_o o_o 5_o archbishop_n of_o york_n l._n chancellor_n of_o england_n when_o k._n edward_n the_o four_o die_v be_v much_o blame_v for_o deliver_v up_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o the_o queen_n mother_n whereupon_o the_o seal_n be_v take_v from_o he_o and_o deliver_v by_o the_o l._n protector_n to_o dr._n russel_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n in_o regard_n of_o which_o dispose_v power_n both_o p_o parliament_n of_o the_o chancellor_n and_o great_a seal_n by_o parliament_n both_o of_o they_o be_v usual_o style_v in_o statute_n the_o act_n for_o triennial_a parliament_n history_n p_n the_o chancellur_n and_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n how_o the_o parliament_n have_v order_v and_o appoint_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o king_n other_o seal_n from_o time_n to_o time_n i_o have_v show_v in_o the_o forecited_a act_n and_o will_v not_o repeat_v but_o conclude_v that_o if_o our_o

here_o with_o trivial_a common_a thing_n concerning_o seal_n or_o seal_v but_o only_o with_o such_o antiquity_n and_o rarity_n as_o be_v not_o common_o know_v nor_o mention_v in_o our_o law_n book_n the_o king_n and_o parliament_n several_a and_o joint_a interest_n in_o and_o power_n over_o the_o new-making_n keep_v order_v of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n have_v thus_o trace_v out_o the_o original_n progress_n use_n and_o necessity_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n through_o the_o obscure_a path_n of_o abstruse_a antiquity_n with_o as_o much_o verity_n perspicuity_n brevity_n as_o possible_a i_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o place_n summary_o examine_v what_o several_a or_o joint_a interest_n the_o king_n kingdom_n and_o parliament_n have_v in_o what_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o new-making_n keep_v or_o use_v thereof_o for_o the_o better_a assoyl_n of_o which_o grand_a question_n now_o in_o public_a agitation_n i_o shall_v premise_v these_o three_o proposition_n and_o distinction_n which_o will_v much_o conduce_v to_o the_o clear_n and_o resolution_n of_o this_o doubt_n first_o that_o our_o king_n great_a and_o petty_a seal_n when_o original_o invent_v and_o while_o the_o use_n of_o they_o be_v only_o private_a or_o mere_o arbitrary_a not_o simple_o necessary_a in_o point_n of_o law_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n or_o transaction_n of_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o themselves_o alone_o and_o in_o their_o own_o dispose_n power_n only_o as_o every_o private_a man_n seal_n now_o be_v they_o use_v they_o only_o as_o private_a not_o as_o public_a person_n in_o their_o natural_a not_o politic_a capacity_n but_o after_o that_o these_o seal_n by_o use_n and_o custom_n become_v simple_o necessary_a for_o the_o public_a execution_n of_o justice_n and_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o our_o king_n make_v use_v of_o they_o in_o their_o politic_a capacity_n as_o head_n or_o supreme_a governor_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o public_a minister_n thereof_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o parliament_n by_o this_o occasion_n and_o upon_o this_o reason_n come_v to_o gain_v a_o public_a interest_n in_o and_o jurisdiction_n over_o these_o seal_n as_o well_o as_o our_o king_n even_o as_o in_o all_o other_o inferior_a corration_n the_o commonalty_n as_o well_o as_o the_o major_n in_o city_n and_o borough_n the_o chapter_n as_o well_o as_o the_o bishop_n or_o dean_n the_o covent_n as_o well_o as_o the_o abbot_n or_o prior_n the_o warden_n assistant_n and_o whole_a company_n as_o well_o as_o the_o master_n the_o fellow_n of_o college_n as_o well_o as_o the_o precedent_n have_v a_o public_a interest_n in_o and_o power_n over_o their_o several_a corporation-seal_n make_v only_o for_o their_o common_a good_a and_o affair_n as_o i_o shall_v manifest_v in_o the_o sequel_n and_o in_o this_o respect_n the_o great_a seal_n come_v to_o be_v common_o call_v *_o other_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o our_o act_n as_o in_o 14._o and_o 15._o hen_n 8._o c._n 4._o 34_o and_o 35_o hen_n 8._o c._n 26._o 1_o ed._n 6._o c._n 44._o 3_o and_o 4_o ed._n 6_o c._n 12._o 2_o and_o 3_o phil._n and_o mar._n cap._n 20._o 1_o eliz._n cap._n 1._o 5_o eliz._n cap._n 1._o 8_o eliz._n cap._n 1._o 13_o eliz_n cap._n 6_o 7_o 9_o 18_o eliz._n cap._n 2._o 23_o eliz._n cap._n 14._o 39_o eliz._n cap._n 6_o 43_o eliz._n cap._n 4._o 5_o eliz._n cap._n 18._o a_o act_n declare_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n frequent_o thus_o style_v in_o this_o act_n and_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n to_o be_v one_o 1_o jac._n c._n 28._o 1_o car._n c._n 2._o 16_o car._n c._n 1._o with_o sundry_a other_o act_n to_o omit_v law-book_n and_o historier_n and_o be_v thus_o become_v the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n the_o parliament_n the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n of_o england_n must_v necessary_o have_v a_o interest_n in_o and_o jurisdiction_n over_o it_o in_o all_o public_a respect_n even_o so_o far_o as_o to_o new_a make_v it_o when_o there_o be_v need_n and_o to_o dispose_v it_o for_o necessary_a affair_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o realm_n when_o the_o old_a seal_n the_o proper_a seal_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v purposely_o subtract_v yea_o deny_v they_o for_o necessary_a public_a use_n second_o that_o after_o the_o great_a seal_n become_v common_a and_o necessary_a to_o most_o public_a affair_n in_o which_o regard_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o parliament_n come_v to_o have_v a_o right_a in_o and_o power_n over_o it_o so_o in_o other_o respect_n the_o king_n still_o retain_v a_o peculiar_a interest_n and_o prerogative_n in_o it_o in_o all_o arbitrary_a matter_n of_o royal_a grace_n and_o favour_n to_o which_o he_o be_v no_o way_n oblige_v in_o point_n of_o law_n in_o which_o respect_n it_o be_v call_v the_o king_n great_a seal_n as_o first_o in_o case_n of_o general_a or_o particular_a charter_n of_o pardon_n second_o of_o indenization_n or_o enfranchisment_n three_o of_o erect_v new_a corporation_n or_o confirm_v old_a four_o of_o dispense_v with_o some_o kind_n of_o law_n penalty_n and_o forfeiture_n five_o of_o confer_v some_o kind_n of_o less_o public_a office_n and_o annuity_n for_o service_n perform_v or_o to_o be_v execute_v six_o of_o grant_v new_a liberty_n or_o franchise_n of_o grace_n to_o corporation_n or_o private_a subject_n seven_o of_o create_v or_o confer_v new_a honour_n on_o deserve_a man_n eight_o of_o licence_n for_o mortmain_n impropriation_n alienation_n consecration_n of_o new_a church_n or_o chapel_n etc._n etc._n nine_o of_o public_a collection_n for_o person_n or_o town_n distress_v through_o fire_n shipwreck_n or_o other_o casualty_n ten_o of_o private_a negotiation_n with_o foreign_a prince_n state_n or_o subject_n and_o some_o kind_n of_o protection_n commission_n of_o grace_n rather_o than_o right_a or_o justice_n in_o all_o these_o and_o such_o like_a particular_n of_o mere_a grace_n or_o less_o public_a concernment_n the_o kingdom_n and_o parliament_n neither_o proper_o have_v nor_o pretend_v to_o have_v any_o public_a right_n or_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o great_a or_o petty_a seal_n but_o leave_v they_o absolute_o free_a to_o the_o king_n as_o if_o they_o be_v his_o own_o private_a seal_n alone_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o his_o charter_n pardon_n grant_n license_n dispensation_n protection_n commission_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v consonant_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o not_o repugnant_a to_o they_o three_o the_o parliament_n and_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o to_o all_o public_a affair_n of_o state_n and_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n to_o all_o the_o subject_n have_v commit_v the_o make_v lawful_a use_n power_n and_o disposal_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o trust_n to_o the_o king_n as_o to_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n and_o justitiar_n over_o which_o they_o never_o claim_v a_o constitute_n or_o dispose_v jurisdiction_n while_o it_o be_v right_o manage_v according_a to_o law_n but_o if_o this_o seal_n be_v either_o wilful_o abuse_v or_o subtract_v contrary_a to_o law_n or_o trust_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o obstruction_n of_o public_a justice_n or_o violation_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n and_o not_o redress_v after_o several_a complaint_n and_o petition_n of_o the_o house_n to_o the_o king_n for_o reformation_n of_o this_o grievance_n whether_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n or_o parliament_n in_o such_o a_o case_n as_o this_o who_o have_v authority_n to_o remedy_v the_o grievance_n the_o abuse_n or_o wilful_a absence_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n have_v not_o likewise_o a_o lawful_a sovereign_a power_n to_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n and_o appoint_v a_o keeper_n of_o it_o for_o supply_v the_o absence_n regulate_v the_o abuse_n of_o the_o old_a remove_v obstruction_n of_o public_a justice_n fill_v up_o the_o commons_o house_n by_o issue_v writ_n to_o elect_a knight_n and_o burgess_n in_o the_o place_n of_o such_o as_o be_v dead_a or_o just_o expel_v now_o deny_v seal_v of_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o parliament_n and_o other_o such_o public_a parliamentary_a affair_n necessary_o require_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n the_o proper_a seal_n of_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n which_o have_v no_o other_o seal_n but_o it_o and_o lord_n chancellor_n the_o ordinary_a speaker_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o very_a office_n in_o all_o age_n and_o so_o his_o and_o the_o great_a seal_n presence_n absolute_o necessary_a unless_o dispense_v with_o by_o the_o house_n upon_o inevitable_a occasion_n of_o absence_n be_v the_o sole_a question_n now_o in_o debate_n and_o under_o correction_n in_o this_o case_n and_o for_o these_o