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A31298 The New atlas, or, Travels and voyages in Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, thro' the most renowned parts of the world ... performed by an English gentleman, in nine years travel and voyages, more exact than ever. T. C. 1698 (1698) Wing C139; ESTC R6334 161,632 252

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as a Rule to them in their Government He abaseth himself not to set down in the Divan only he passes very stately through it when he is sent for by the Grand Signior who rises at his approach to do him Honour then places him by him on his Seat and discourses familiarly with him about matters of Religion State or Previous Questions and this Honour is allowed to no other Next to the Mufti in this sort of Dignity are the Cadile-Squires Talismen or two Doctors of the Law whose business it is to examine the Cadi's or Judges dispersed in the Provinces of the Empire and these for the most part are attendant on the Grand Signior One has Jurisdiction over the European Cadi's and the other over the rest and are Sovereign Judges within their own Jurisdiction in all causes about matters of Religion and are as it were Patriarchs These are of great Authority having places in the Divan and in the Council of Bassa's where they are consulted in the weighty Affairs of the Empire There are a degree of Churchmen not belonging to their Law called Mulli and these are instead of Bishops but directed in their proceedings by the Mufti Another sort there are called Nuderisi who act in the Nature of Suffragans and have under them several young Doctors of the Law called Naipi who are constituted in the absence of the Cadi's to hear and Redress grievances Next to the foregoing are the Hagi who write Books and inferior to them are the Cassii who Read to them as they Write These are their several degrees of Churchmen and Lawyers for the Turks are govern'd by a kind of an Ecclesiastical Law according to their Alcoran They have many Colleges which they call Medressa's Scituate in Constantinople and divers other Cities CHAP. IV. The Belief of the Turks and many other things practised among them as their Charity Mourning at Funerals Games Just Observances c. THE Turks believe that after any Person is Dead and layed in the Grave the Angels come to examine them and that they have Angels to guard them in their Life time every one being appointed to a particular Member and when they take up any piece of Paper in the Street least the Name of God should be writ on it they will not take it along with them for fear of putting it to prophane Uses but stick it on the next Wall so that the Cranies are often found stuck full of them yet they will Swear by the Name of God but it is to what is Truth for otherways they are looked on as Ignominious and Infidels As to their Belief they hold that divers Beasts go to Paradise as the Camel of Selch one of their Prophets the Ram of Abraham offered up in Sacrifice the Cow of Moses whose Ashes was mingled with the Water of Purification which seems to be the Golden Calf in Horeb Solomon's Ant the Parrot of the Queen of Sheba They also believe Jonas's Whale that cast him on dry Land and Mahomet's Ass shall be there likewise four Sleepers and a little Dog who led them to a Cave in time of Persecution where they slept 300 Years which seemed to them but as one Night for one of them going to buy Victuals when they awaked with Antiquated Money the time was discovered by the Date of the Coin They hold in Paradise according to Mahomet's promise that they shall enjoy Virgins fresh Coloured with large Black Eyes and Beautiful Boys attending them who at first shall be but Fifteen and never exceed Thirty Years of Age always in a Bloom or Spring of Beauty and that God shall appear to them every Friday which is their Sabbath that there they shall have Rivers pleasant Fields Gardens and the like They say those in Hell shall Drink scalding Water and Eat of the Fruit of a Tree called Zacon which grows out of the bottom of Hell and rises to a great heighth the Branches of it being like the Heads of Devils and if those that are in Hell have a little Faith after they are purged by Fire to consume their Sins they shall be washed in a Water called Selzaboul and then admitted into Paradise but those that have not Faith when they are consumed to Ashes shall be Created a new and so prepared Eternally to endure the Torments they hold a kind of Purgatory but they say there are many back Doors by which they may give the Devil the slip if they are watchful and cunning They Pray for the Dead and invocate a sort of Saints of their own making The Turks have many Fountains and in washing they think they are free from Defilements even after having lain with their Wives Noctural Pollutions their Urin dropping on their Garments or touch-a Dog and indeed in any other matters that they conceive they are Polluted and they are so Nice in it that upon Travelling they will go a great way to seek Water and if they find none to do it with Sand and indeed they keep their Bodies in all parts extream cleanly even to Superstition in many Rights and Ceremonies they use as the Abdest and Goust The sober Turks are very Charitable to Men and Beasts doing all they can to relieve them in their Necessities so that they supply the Poor for the most part without putting any to the Shame of appearing in the Streets to Beg some of them when they die leave Pensions to maintain Beasts to keep them during their Natural Lives and in Constantinople I saw a Bitch who had got into a Corner to cast her Whelps the Turks no sooner saw it but they made a Wall with Bricks and Stones about her and several run and fetched Victuals and other Necessaries which in a wonderful manner shewed their compassion towards the poor Creature nor did one or other leave attending her till the Puppies were taken from her and she capable of shifting for her self Images as I have already hinted are prohibited amongst the Turks but they are very desirous of curious Paintings though they are not Artists at it There is a prohibition of Usury by their Alcoran though it is connivingly done by the Turks and the Jews practice it frequently Swines Flesh is counted unclean among them and some Turks would rather die than Eat it nor dare the Shoomakers use Hog's Bristles in sowing their Shooes if it should be known they would be punished When a Turk dies there is great Mourning the greater the Quality the more the Women fall a howling excessively and those that cannot frame themselves to it hire those that are accustomed to it and as often as any Visitants come the Lamentation is renewed and when the Corps is in the Grave they go often thither to Weep the Widow expressing what good things her deceased Husband has done for her they often spread Carpets with Victuals that those that pass by may Eat it and Pray for the Soul of the deceased They set at the Head of the Grave a Stone which