his_o child_n too_o 3_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n give_v the_o tchaou-mevang_a some_o man_n to_o execute_v his_o order_n they_o accompany_v he_o everywhere_o and_o they_o row_v in_o his_o balloon_n the_o siamese_n do_v call_v they_o kenlai_n or_o paint_a arm_n by_o reason_n that_o they_o pink_a and_o mangle_v their_o arm_n and_o lay_v gunpowder_n on_o the_o wound_n which_o paint_v their_o arm_n with_o a_o fade_a blue_n the_o portuguese_n do_v call_v they_o paint_a arm_n and_o officer_n and_o these_o paint_a arm_n be_v still_o use_v in_o the_o country_n of_o laos_n 4_o in_o the_o maritime_a government_n the_o tchaou-mevang_a sometime_o take_v custom_n of_o the_o merchant_n ship_n but_o it_o be_v general_o inconsiderable_a at_o tenasserim_n it_o be_v eight_o per_fw-la cent._n in_o the_o kind_n according_a to_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o foreign_a mission_n some_o have_v assure_v i_o shipwreck_n the_o humanity_n of_o the_o siamese_n towards_o those_o that_o have_v suffer_v shipwreck_n that_o the_o siamese_n have_v the_o humanity_n not_o to_o appropriate_v any_o thing_n to_o themselves_o of_o what_o the_o tempest_n cast_v on_o their_o coast_n by_o shipwreck_n yet_o ferdinand_n mendez_n pinto_n relate_v that_o lewis_n de_fw-fr monteroyo_n a_o portugese_n have_v suffer_v shipwreck_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o siam_n near_o patana_n the_o chabaudar_n or_o custom-house_n officer_n which_o he_o name_v chatir_n confiscate_v not_o only_o the_o ship_n and_o its_o cargo_n but_o monteroyo_n himself_o and_o some_o child_n allege_v that_o by_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whatever_o the_o sea_n cast_v upon_o the_o coast_n be_v the_o profit_n of_o his_o office_n it_o be_v true_a that_o this_o author_n add_v with_o great_a praise_n on_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n who_o then_o reign_v that_o this_o prince_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o portuguese_n which_o be_v at_o his_o court_n set_v monteroyo_n at_o liberty_n and_o restore_v he_o all_o the_o prize_n and_o the_o child_n but_o he_o subjoin_v also_o that_o it_o be_v out_o of_o charity_n and_o on_o the_o day_n that_o this_o prince_n go_v through_o the_o city_n mount_v on_o a_o white_a elephant_n to_o distribute_v alm_n to_o the_o people_n 5_o tchaou-mevang_a a_o continuance_n of_o the_o right_n or_o profit_n of_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a the_o tchaou-mevang_a arrogate_a to_o themselves_o all_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o frontier_n do_v levy_v when_o they_o can_v extraordinary_a tax_n on_o the_o people_n 6_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a do_v exercise_n commerce_n every_o where_o but_o under_o the_o name_n of_o their_o secretary_n or_o some_o other_o of_o their_o domestic_n and_o this_o last_o circumstance_n demonstrate_v that_o they_o have_v some_o shame_n and_o that_o the_o law_n perhaps_o prohibit_v they_o but_o that_o in_o this_o they_o be_v not_o more_o scrupulous_a than_o their_o king_n 7_o in_o some_o place_n where_o there_o be_v fishpond_n the_o tchaou-mevang_a take_v the_o best_a of_o the_o fish_n when_o the_o pond_n be_v empty_v but_o he_o take_v for_o his_o own_o use_n only_o and_o not_o to_o sell_v and_o the_o rest_n he_o leave_v to_o the_o people_n 8_o venison_n and_o salt_n be_v free_a throughout_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v lay_v no_o prohibition_n nor_o impost_n thereon_o salt_n be_v there_o of_o little_a value_n i_o have_v hear_v that_o they_o have_v rock-salt_n and_o they_o make_v it_o of_o sea-water_n some_o have_v tell_v i_o with_o the_o sun_n other_o with_o fire_n and_o perhaps_o both_o be_v true_a at_o the_o place_n where_o the_o shore_n be_v too_o high_a to_o receive_v the_o sea_n and_o in_o those_o where_o wood_n be_v not_o near_o at_o hand_n the_o salt_n may_v fail_v or_o cost_v too_o much_o to_o make_v as_o in_o the_o island_n of_o jonsalam_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o do_v rather_o choose_v to_o import_v their_o salt_n from_o tenasserim_n pouran_a the_o right_n or_o profit_n of_o the_o pouran_a the_o pouran_a or_o governor_n by_o commission_n have_v the_o same_o honour_n and_o the_o same_o authority_n as_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a but_o not_o the_o same_o profit_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n name_v the_o pouran_a upon_o two_o account_n either_o when_o he_o will_v have_v no_o tchaou-mevang_a or_o when_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a be_v oblige_v to_o absent_v himself_o from_o his_o government_n for_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a have_v no_o ordinary_a lieutenant_n who_o can_v supply_v his_o place_n in_o his_o absence_n as_o in_o france_n the_o chancellor_n have_v none_o in_o the_o first_o case_n the_o pouran_a have_v only_o the_o profit_n which_o the_o king_n assign_v he_o at_o name_v he_o in_o the_o second_o case_n he_o take_v the_o moiety_n of_o the_o profit_n from_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a and_o leave_v he_o the_o other_o moiety_n tribunal_n the_o name_n and_o function_n of_o the_o officer_n which_o compose_v a_o tribunal_n now_o follow_v the_o ordinary_a officer_n of_o a_o tribunal_n of_o judicature_n not_o that_o there_o be_v so_o many_o in_o every_o one_o but_o that_o in_o any_o one_o perhaps_o there_o be_v not_o more_o ocya_a tchaou-mevang_a the_o tchaou-mevang_a be_v not_o always_o ocya_a he_o have_v sometime_o another_o title_n and_o the_o other_o officer_n of_o his_o tribunal_n have_v always_o some_o title_n proportion_v to_o he_o oc-pra_a belat_n his_o name_n signify_v second_o but_o he_o preside_v not_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o tchaou_fw-la mevang_n because_o he_o have_v no_o determinative_a voice_n oc-pra_a jockebate_v a_o kind_n of_o attorney-general_n and_o his_o office_n be_v to_o be_v a_o strict_a spy_n upon_o the_o governor_n his_o office_n be_v not_o hereditary_a the_o king_n nominate_v some_o person_n of_o trust_n but_o experience_v evince_n that_o there_o be_v no_o fidelity_n in_o these_o man_n and_o that_o all_o the_o officer_n hold_v a_o private_a correspondence_n to_o pillage_v the_o people_n oc_fw-la pra_fw-la peun_fw-mi command_v the_o garrison_n if_o there_o be_v any_o but_o under_o the_o order_n of_o the_o tchaou-mevang_a and_o he_o have_v no_o authority_n over_o his_o soldier_n but_o when_o they_o be_v in_o the_o field_n oc-pra_a maha-tai_a be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o chief_z of_o the_o people_n his_o name_n seem_v to_o signify_v the_o great_a siamese_n for_o maha_n signify_v great_a and_o tai_n signify_v siamese_n it_o be_v he_o that_o levy_v the_o soldier_n or_o rather_o that_o demand_v they_o of_o the_o nai_n who_o send_v provision_n to_o the_o army_n who_o watch_v that_o the_o roll_n of_o the_o people_n be_v well_o make_v and_o who_o in_o general_a execute_v all_o the_o governor_n order_n which_o concern_v the_o people_n oc-pra_a sassedi_n make_v and_o keep_v the_o roll_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v a_o office_n very_o subject_a to_o corruption_n by_o reason_n that_o every_o particular_a person_n endeavour_v to_o get_v himself_o omit_v out_o of_o the_o roll_n for_o money_n the_o nai_n do_v likewise_o seek_v to_o favour_v those_o of_o their_o band_n who_o make_v present_n to_o they_o and_o to_o oppress_v those_o with_o labour_n who_o have_v nothing_o to_o give_v they_o the_o maha_n tai_n and_o the_o sassedi_n will_v prevent_v this_o disorder_n if_o they_o be_v not_o the_o first_o corrupt_v the_o sassedi_n begin_v to_o enter_v down_o child_n upon_o the_o roll_n when_o they_o be_v three_o or_o four_o year_n old_a oc-lovang-mevang_a be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o mayor_n of_o the_o city_n for_o as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v mevang_n signify_v city_n but_o as_o for_o what_o concern_v the_o title_n of_o oc-lovang_a it_o do_v not_o signify_v mayor_n and_o be_v no_o more_o apply_v to_o that_o office_n than_o another_o title_n this_o mayor_n take_v care_n of_o the_o polity_n and_o watch._n they_o keep_v a_o watch_n every_o night_n round_o the_o ambassador_n lodging_n as_o round_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n palace_n and_o this_o be_v a_o very_a great_a token_n of_o honour_n oc-lovang_a vang_z be_v the_o master_n of_o the_o governor_n palace_n for_o vang_z signify_v palace_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v repair_v he_o command_v the_o governor_n guard_n and_o even_o their_o captain_n and_o in_o a_o word_n he_o order_v in_o the_o governor_n palace_n whatever_o have_v relation_n to_o the_o governor_n charge_n oc-lovang-peng_a keep_v the_o book_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o custom_n according_a to_o which_o they_o judge_v and_o when_o judgement_n be_v pass_v he_o read_v the_o article_n thereof_o which_o serve_v for_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o process_n and_o in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v he_o that_o pronounce_v the_o sentence_n oc-lovang_a clang_n have_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o king_n magazine_n clang_n signify_v magazine_n he_o receive_v certain_a of_o the_o king_n revenue_n and_o sell_v to_o the_o people_n the_o king_n commodity_n that_o be_v to_o say_v those_o the_o trade_n of_o which_o the_o king_n appropriate_v to_o himself_o as_o in_o europe_n the_o prince_n
have_v also_o other_o dignity_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o they_o contain_v but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o believe_v that_o these_o city_n have_v ever_o be_v so_o populous_a as_o the_o title_n of_o their_o governor_n import_n by_o reason_n as_o i_o have_v often_o allege_v that_o these_o people_n be_v very_o proud_a in_o title_n only_o the_o great_a title_n be_v give_v to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o big_a city_n and_o the_o least_o title_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n less_o inhabit_v thus_o the_o city_n of_o metac_a of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v at_o the_o beginning_n have_v a_o governor_n call_v pa-ya-tac_a and_o the_o word_n i_o which_o signify_v mother_n and_o which_o be_v join_v to_o tac_n seem_v to_o intimate_v that_o the_o city_n of_o metac_a be_v very_o great_a the_o city_n of_o porselouc_n have_v also_o a_o pa-ya_a tenasserim_n ligor_fw-la corazema_fw-la and_o other_o have_v still_o some_o ocya_a lesser_a city_n as_o pipeli_n and_o bancock_n have_v the_o oc-pra_a other_o have_v the_o oc-lovang_a or_o the_o oc-counnes_a and_o the_o least_o of_o all_o have_v the_o oc-meving_a the_o portuguese_n have_v translate_v these_o title_n according_a to_o their_o fancy_n by_o those_o of_o king_n viceroy_n duke_n marquis_n earl_n etc._n etc._n they_o have_v give_v the_o title_n of_o kingdom_n to_o metac_n tenassarim_n porselouc_n ligor_fw-la and_o pipeli_n either_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o hereditary_a governor_n or_o for_o have_v be_v like_o pipeli_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n and_o to_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n they_o have_v give_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n because_o the_o spaniard_n have_v ever_o think_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o king_n that_o have_v other_o king_n for_o feudatary_n so_o that_o upon_o this_o single_a reason_n some_o king_n of_o castille_n have_v bear_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n give_v to_o their_o child_n the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o the_o several_a kingdom_n which_o be_v unite_v to_o their_o crown_n province_n the_o dignity_n of_o the_o siamese_n be_v not_o annex_v to_o the_o single_a government_n of_o city_n or_o province_n to_o return_v to_o the_o title_n of_o the_o siamese_n they_o be_v give_v not_o only_o to_o the_o governor_n but_o to_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n because_o that_o they_o be_v all_o nai_n and_o the_o same_o title_n be_v not_o always_o join_v to_o the_o same_o office_n the_o barcalon_n for_o example_n have_v sometime_o have_v that_o of_o pa-ya_a as_o some_o have_v inform_v i_o and_o now_o he_o have_v only_o that_o of_o ocya_a but_o if_o a_o man_n have_v two_o office_n he_o may_v have_v two_o different_a title_n in_o respect_n to_o his_o two_o office_n and_o it_o be_v not_o rare_a that_o one_o man_n have_v two_o office_n one_o in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o other_o in_o the_o province_n or_o rather_o one_o in_o title_n and_o the_o other_o by_o commission_n thus_o ocya_a prasedet_a who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o city_n of_o siam_n in_o title_n be_v now_o ocya_a barcalon_n by_o commission_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n find_v it_o his_o interest_n because_o that_o upon_o this_o account_n he_o give_v not_o to_o one_o officer_n a_o double_a salary_n relation_n the_o equivocation_n which_o this_o cause_n in_o relation_n but_o this_o multiplication_n of_o office_n on_o the_o same_o head_n cause_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o obscurity_n and_o equivocation_n in_o the_o ancient_a relation_n of_o siam_n because_o that_o when_o a_o man_n have_v two_o office_n he_o have_v two_o title_n and_o two_o name_n and_o when_o the_o relation_n import_v that_o such_o a_o ocya_a for_o example_n be_v concern_v in_o such_o a_o thing_n one_o be_v incline_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o relation_n have_v style_v this_o ocya_a by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o function_n which_o it_o attribute_n to_o he_o and_o frequent_o it_o have_v name_v he_o by_o the_o title_n of_o another_o office_n thus_o if_o a_o relation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n make_v by_o a_o siamese_n shall_v intimate_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o mayne_n be_v general_n of_o the_o swiss_n the_o siamese_n may_v groundless_o persuade_v themselves_o that_o every_o general_n of_o the_o swiss_n bear_v the_o title_n of_o duke_n of_o mayne_n and_o this_o be_v what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v touch_v the_o people_n of_o siam_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n in_o general_n mandarin_n the_o proper_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n mandarin_n the_o portuguese_n have_v general_o call_v all_o the_o officer_n throughout_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o the_o east_n mandarin_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o they_o have_v form_v this_o word_n from_o that_o of_o mandar_fw-la which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v to_o command_v navarette_n who_o i_o have_v already_o cite_v be_v of_o this_o opinion_n and_o we_o may_v confirm_v it_o because_o that_o the_o arabian_a word_n emir_n which_o be_v use_v at_o the_o court_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n and_o in_o several_a other_o mahometan_a court_n of_o the_o indies_n to_o signify_v the_o officer_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o arabian_a verb_n amara_fw-la which_o signify_v to_o command_v the_o word_n mandarin_n extend_v also_o to_o the_o child_n of_o the_o principal_a officer_n which_o be_v consider_v as_o child_n of_o quality_n call_v mon_n in_o siamese_n but_o i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o the_o word_n mandarin_n only_o to_o signify_v the_o officer_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n therefore_o make_v no_o considerable_a mandarin_n mandarin_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n give_v name_n to_o the_o considerable_a mandarin_n but_o he_o give_v he_o a_o new_a name_n a_o custom_n establish_v also_o at_o china_n and_o in_o other_o state_n of_o the_o east_n this_o name_n be_v always_o a_o elogium_fw-la sometime_o it_o be_v purposely_o invent_v like_o that_o which_o he_o give_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o metelpolis_n and_o like_o those_o which_o he_o give_v to_o the_o foreigner_n that_o be_v at_o his_o court_n but_o oftentimes_o these_o name_n be_v ancient_a and_o know_v for_o have_v be_v former_o give_v to_o other_o and_o those_o be_v the_o most_o honourable_a which_o have_v be_v heretofore_o bear_v by_o person_n very_o high_o advance_v in_o dignity_n or_o by_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n and_o although_o such_o name_n be_v not_o always_o accompany_v with_o office_n and_o authority_n they_o cease_v not_o to_o be_v a_o great_a mark_n of_o favour_n it_o likewise_o happen_v that_o the_o same_o name_n be_v give_v to_o several_a person_n of_o different_a dignity_n so_o that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o one_o for_o example_n will_v call_v himself_o oc-pra_a pipitcharatcha_n and_o the_o other_o oc-counne_a pipitcharatcha_n these_o name_n of_o which_o the_o first_o word_n be_v only_o speak_v and_o which_o do_v every_o one_o make_v a_o period_n be_v take_v almost_o all_o entire_a out_o of_o the_o baly_n tongue_n and_o be_v not_o always_o well_o understand_v but_o this_o and_o the_o style_n of_o the_o law_n which_o participate_v very_o much_o of_o the_o baly_n and_o the_o book_n of_o religion_n which_o be_v baly_n be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n ought_v not_o to_o ignore_v this_o tongue_n forasmuch_o as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o say_v it_o lend_v all_o its_o ornament_n to_o the_o siamese_n and_o that_o oftentimes_o they_o do_v elegant_o intermix_v they_o either_o in_o speak_v or_o in_o writing_n the_o law_n of_o the_o state_n be_v that_o all_o office_n shall_v be_v hereditary_a hereditary_a all_o office_n be_v hereditary_a and_o the_o same_o law_n be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o laos_n and_o be_v ancient_o at_o china_n but_o the_o sell_n of_o office_n be_v not_o there_o permit_v and_o moreover_o the_o least_o fault_n of_o the_o patent_n or_o the_o capricious_a humour_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o dotage_n of_o the_o inheritor_n may_v take_v away_o the_o office_n from_o the_o family_n and_o when_o this_o happen_v it_o be_v always_o without_o recompense_n very_o few_o family_n do_v long_o maintain_v themselves_o therein_o especial_o in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o court_n which_o be_v more_o than_o the_o rest_n under_o the_o master_n power_n moreover_o no_o officer_n at_o siam_n have_v any_o salary_n the_o prince_n lodge_v they_o office_n the_o profit_n of_o the_o office_n which_o be_v no_o great_a matter_n and_o give_v they_o some_o moveable_n as_o box_n of_o glod_n or_o silver_n for_o betel_n some_o arm_n and_o a_o balloon_n some_o beast_n as_o elephant_n horse_n and_o buffalo_n some_o service_n slave_n and_o in_o fine_a some_o arable_a land_n all_o which_o return_v to_o the_o king_n with_o the_o office_n and_o which_o do_v principal_o make_v the_o king_n to_o be_v the_o heir_n of_o his_o officer_n but_o the_o principal_a gain_n of_o the_o office_n
the_o sight_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o king_n palace_n they_o use_v a_o kind_n of_o waterclock_n it_o be_v a_o thin_a copper_n cup_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o which_o they_o do_v make_v a_o almost_o imperceptible_a hole_n they_o put_v it_o quite_o empty_a upon_o the_o water_n which_o by_o little_a and_o little_o enter_v therein_o through_o the_o hole_n and_o when_o the_o cup_n be_v full_a enough_o to_o sink_v down_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o hour_n or_o a_o twelve_o part_n of_o the_o day_n they_o measure_v the_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n by_o such_o a_o like_a method_n and_o they_o make_v a_o noise_n on_o copper_n basin_n when_o the_o watch_n be_v end_v i_o have_v relate_v how_o cause_n be_v determine_v in_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n council_n they_o how_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n examine_v affair_n in_o his_o council_n and_o how_o he_o terminate_v they_o affair_n of_o state_n be_v there_o examine_v and_o decide_v almost_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o councillor_n to_o who_o this_o prince_n have_v commit_v a_o business_n make_v the_o report_n thereof_o which_o consist_v in_o read_v it_o and_o then_o proceed_v to_o the_o consultative_a opinion_n and_o hitherto_o the_o king_n presence_n be_v not_o necessary_a when_o he_o be_v come_v he_o hear_v the_o report_n which_o be_v read_v to_o he_o concern_v the_o former_a consult_v he_o resume_v all_o the_o advice_n confute_v those_o which_o he_o approve_v not_o and_o then_o decide_v but_o if_o the_o affair_n seem_v to_o he_o to_o merit_v a_o more_o mature_a deliberation_n he_o make_v no_o decision_n but_o after_o have_v propose_v his_o difficulty_n he_o commit_v the_o examination_n thereof_o to_o some_o of_o his_o council_n who_o he_o purposely_o appoint_v and_o principal_o to_o those_o who_o be_v of_o a_o different_a opinion_n from_o he_o they_o after_o have_v again_o consult_v together_o do_v cause_n the_o report_n of_o their_o new_a consultation_n to_o be_v make_v by_o one_o of_o they_o in_o a_o full_a council_n and_o before_o the_o king_n and_o hereupon_o this_o prince_n consummate_v his_o determination_n yet_o sometime_o but_o very_o rare_o and_o in_o affair_n of_o a_o cerrain_a nature_n he_o will_v consult_v the_o principal_a sancras_n which_o be_v the_o superior_n of_o the_o talapoin_n who_o credit_n in_o other_o matter_n he_o depress_n as_o much_o as_o he_o can_v though_o in_o appearance_n he_o honour_v they_o exceed_o in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v such_o a_o sort_n of_o affair_n wherein_o he_o will_v call_v the_o officer_n of_o the_o province_n but_o on_o all_o occasion_n and_o in_o all_o affair_n he_o decide_v when_o he_o please_v and_o he_o be_v never_o constrain_v to_o either_o ask_v advice_n of_o any_o person_n or_o to_o follow_v any_o other_o advice_n than_o his_o own_o he_o oftentimes_o punish_v ill_a advice_n or_o recompense_v good_a good_a he_o punish_v bad_a counsel_n and_o recompense_v good_a i_o say_v good_a or_o bad_a according_a to_o his_o sense_n for_o he_o alone_o be_v the_o judge_n thereof_o thus_o his_o minister_n do_v much_o more_o apply_v themselves_o to_o divine_a his_o sentiment_n than_o to_o declare_v he_o they_o and_o they_o misunderstand_v he_o by_o reason_n he_o also_o endeavour_n to_o conceal_v his_o opinion_n from_o they_o in_o a_o word_n the_o affair_n on_o which_o he_o consult_v they_o men._n sometime_o he_o consult_v about_o affair_n invent_v by_o way_n of_o exercise_n he_o examine_v his_o officer_n about_o their_o obligation_n a_o law_n against_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o great_a men._n be_v not_o always_o a_o real_a concern_v it_o be_v sometime_o a_o question_n which_o he_o propound_v to_o they_o by_o way_n of_o exercise_n he_o likewise_o have_v a_o custom_n of_o examine_v his_o officer_n about_o the_o pra-tam-ra_n which_o be_v that_o book_n which_o i_o have_v say_v contain_v all_o their_o duty_n and_o cause_v such_o to_o be_v chastise_v with_o the_o bastinado_n who_o answer_v not_o very_o exact_o even_o as_o a_o father_n chastize_n his_o child_n in_o instruct_v they_o it_o be_v a_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o state_n establish_v for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o king_n who_o authority_n be_v natural_o almost_o unarm_v that_o the_o courtier_n shall_v not_o render_v he_o any_o visit_n without_o his_o express_a leave_n and_o only_o at_o wedding_n and_o funeral_n and_o that_o when_o they_o meet_v they_o shall_v speak_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n and_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o three_o person_n but_o if_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n be_v unactive_a or_o negligent_a not_o any_o law_n secure_v they_o at_o present_v the_o courtier_n may_v appear_v again_o at_o the_o academy_n of_o sport_n where_o the_o great_a number_n seem_v to_o take_v away_o all_o opportunity_n of_o caballing_n the_o trade_n of_o a_o informer_n so_o detest_v in_o all_o place_n where_o man_n be_v bear_v free_a law_n the_o trade_n of_o a_o informer_n command_v at_o siam_n by_o the_o law_n be_v command_v to_o every_o person_n at_o siam_n under_o pain_n of_o death_n for_o the_o least_o thing_n and_o so_o whatever_o be_v know_v by_o two_o witness_n be_v almost_o infallible_o relate_v to_o the_o king_n because_o that_o every_o one_o hasten_v to_o give_v information_n thereof_o for_o fear_v of_o be_v herein_o prevent_v by_o his_o companion_n and_o remain_v guilty_a of_o silence_n deceive_v the_o king_n of_o siams_n precaution_n to_o prevent_v be_v deceive_v the_o present_a king_n of_o siam_n rely_v not_o in_o a_o important_a affair_n upon_o the_o single_a report_n of_o he_o to_o who_o he_o have_v commit_v it_o but_o neither_o do_v he_o rely_v also_o on_o the_o report_n of_o a_o single_a informer_n he_o have_v a_o number_n of_o secret_a spy_n who_o he_o separately_z interrogate_v and_o he_o sometime_o send_v more_o than_o one_o to_o interrogate_v those_o who_o have_v act_v in_o the_o affair_n whereof_o he_o will_v be_v inform_v and_o yet_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o he_o to_o be_v deceive_v ineffectual_a why_o they_o be_v frequent_o ineffectual_a for_o throughout_o the_o country_n every_o informer_n be_v a_o dishonest_a man_n and_o every_o dishonest_a man_n be_v a_o infidel_n moreover_o flattery_n be_v so_o great_a in_o india_n that_o it_o have_v persuade_v the_o indian_a king_n that_o if_o it_o be_v their_o interest_n to_o be_v inform_v it_o be_v their_o dignity_n to_o hear_v nothing_o that_o may_v displease_v they_o as_o for_o example_n they_o will_v not_o tell_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n that_o he_o want_v slave_n or_o vassal_n for_o any_o enterprise_n he_o will_v go_v about_o they_o will_v not_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o can_v perform_v his_o command_n but_o they_o execute_v they_o ill_o and_o when_o the_o mischief_n appear_v they_o will_v excuse_v it_o by_o some_o defect_n they_o will_v tell_v he_o ill_a news_n quite_o otherwise_o than_o it_o be_v to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o truth_n reach_v his_o ear_n only_o by_o degree_n may_v vex_v he_o less_o and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v easy_a to_o pacify_v he_o at_o several_a time_n they_o will_v not_o counsel_v he_o a_o bad_a thing_n but_o will_v so_o insinuate_v it_o that_o he_o may_v think_v himself_o the_o author_n and_o only_o take_v to_o himself_o the_o bad_a success_n and_o then_o they_o will_v not_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o must_v alter_v a_o thing_n that_o he_o have_v do_v amiss_o but_o they_o will_v persuade_v he_o to_o do_v it_o better_v some_o other_o way_n which_o will_v only_o be_v a_o pretence_n and_o in_o the_o new_a project_n they_o will_v suppress_v without_o acquaint_v he_o what_o they_o design_v to_o reform_v and_o will_v put_v in_o the_o place_n what_o they_o design_v to_o establish_v i_o myself_o have_v see_v part_n of_o what_o i_o relate_v and_o and_o they_o have_v assure_v i_o the_o rest_n justice_n the_o king_n of_o siams_n rigorous_a justice_n now_o such_o like_a artifices_fw-la be_v always_o very_o perilous_a they_o offend_v the_o present_a king_n in_o nothing_o without_o be_v punish_v be_v severe_a to_o extreme_a rigour_n he_o put_v to_o death_n who_o he_o please_v without_o any_o formality_n of_o justice_n and_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o who_o he_o please_v and_o in_o his_o own_o presence_n and_o sometime_o the_o accuser_n with_o the_o criminal_a the_o innocent_a with_o the_o calumniator_n for_o when_o the_o proof_n remain_v doubtful_a he_o as_o i_o have_v say_v expose_v both_o party_n to_o the_o tiger_n body_n how_o he_o insult_v over_o the_o dead_a body_n after_o the_o execution_n he_o insult_v over_o the_o dead_a body_n with_o some_o word_n which_o be_v a_o lesson_n to_o the_o live_n as_o for_o example_n after_o have_v make_v he_o who_o have_v rob_v his_o magazine_n to_o swallow_v some_o melt_a silver_n he_o say_v to_o the_o dead_a body_n miserable_a wretch_n thou_o have_v rob_v i_o of_o ten_o piece_n of_o silver_n and_o three_o
the_o history_n of_o illustrious_a man_n even_o of_o those_o that_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o deluge_n moses_n cite_v certain_a place_n thereof_o wherein_o be_v remark_v the_o poetic_a style_n i_o conceive_v therefore_o that_o man_n be_v weary_v with_o sing_v always_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o lose_v by_o little_a and_o little_a the_o sense_n of_o the_o old_a song_n music_n how_o the_o talapoin_n and_o their_o brethren_n may_v have_v succeed_v the_o ancient_a poetry_n and_o music_n have_v cease_v to_o sing_v they_o and_o have_v seek_v some_o commentary_n on_o the_o verse_n which_o they_o they_o sing_v no_o more_o for_o lack_v of_o understand_v they_o that_o then_o the_o magistrate_n leave_v the_o care_n of_o these_o commentary_n to_o other_o man_n and_o that_o they_o by_o little_a and_o little_o impose_v on_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o people_n have_v insert_v in_o their_o lecture_n many_o thing_n to_o their_o particular_a advantage_n which_o be_v the_o source_n of_o the_o superstitious_a veneration_n which_o the_o indian_n do_v still_o retain_v for_o the_o talapoin_n and_o their_o fellow-brethren_n however_o it_o be_v their_o habit_n their_o convent_v and_o their_o temple_n be_v inviolable_a though_o the_o revolution_n of_o this_o country_n may_v have_v show_v some_o example_n of_o the_o contrary_n vâ—iet_n who_o i_o have_v often_o quote_v relate_v that_o when_o the_o present_a king_n father_n seize_v on_o the_o crown_n he_o think_v it_o impossible_a secure_o to_o make_v a_o attempt_n upon_o the_o person_n of_o one_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o royal_a family_n till_o he_o have_v cunning_o make_v he_o first_o to_o quit_v the_o talapoin_n pagne_fw-fr which_o he_o wear_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n when_o this_o usurper_n be_v dead_a his_o son_n who_o now_o reign_v see_v his_o uncle_n by_o the_o father_n side_n seize_v on_o the_o throne_n turn_v talapoin_v to_o secure_v his_o life_n as_o i_o have_v report_v at_o the_o biginning_n of_o this_o relation_n chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o fabulous_a story_n which_o the_o talapoin_n and_o their_o brethren_n have_v frame_v on_o their_o doctrine_n the_o talapoin_n be_v therefore_o oblige_v to_o supply_v the_o ancient_a music_n indian_n fable_n common_a to_o all_o the_o indian_n and_o to_o explain_v their_o balie_n book_n unto_o the_o people_n with_o a_o audible_a voice_n these_o book_n be_v fill_v with_o extravagant_a story_n graft_v on_o the_o doctrine_n which_o i_o have_v explain_v and_o these_o fable_n be_v almost_o the_o same_o throughout_o india_n as_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o doctrine_n be_v every_o where_o the_o same_o or_o very_o near_o they_o every_z where_o believe_v the_o metempsychosis_n and_o that_o it_o be_v only_o a_o way_n to_o punish_v the_o soul_n for_o their_o fault_n and_o to_o carry_v they_o gradual_o unto_o perfection_n they_o believe_v spirit_n every_o where_o diffuse_v good_a and_o bad_a capable_a of_o aid_v and_o of_o hurt_v but_o which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o dead_a and_o they_o admit_v the_o worship_n of_o these_o spirit_n though_o they_o raise_v no_o altar_n to_o they_o but_o only_o to_o the_o mane_n of_o the_o man_n who_o they_o conceive_v to_o be_v arrive_v at_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o virtue_n as_o far_o as_o they_o think_v virtue_n possible_a they_o all_o have_v some_o quadrupe_v which_o they_o prefer_v before_o all_o other_o some_o favourite_n bird_n and_o some_o tree_n which_o they_o principal_o adore_v they_o all_o believe_v the_o same_o thing_n of_o the_o pretend_a dragon_n which_o cause_v the_o eclipse_n and_o of_o the_o pretend_a mountain_n round_o which_o the_o whole_a heaven_n turn_v to_o make_v the_o day_n and_o the_o night_n they_o have_v almost_o the_o same_o five_o precept_n of_o morality_n they_o reckon_v near_o the_o same_o number_n of_o hell_n and_o paradise_n they_o all_o expect_v other_o man_n who_o ought_v to_o merit_v altar_n like_o those_o to_o who_o they_o have_v already_o consecrate_v some_o to_o the_o end_n that_o every_o one_o may_v have_v the_o field_n free_a to_o pretend_v to_o the_o supreme_a virtue_n they_o all_o suppose_v that_o the_o planet_n the_o mountain_n the_o river_n and_o particular_o the_o ganges_n may_v think_v speak_v marry_v and_o have_v child_n they_o all_o relate_v the_o ridiculous_a metempsychosis_n of_o the_o man_n who_o they_o adore_v in_o pig_n ape_n and_o other_o beast_n abraham_n roger_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o brahmin_n relate_v that_o the_o pagan_n of_o paliacata_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o coromandel_n do_v believe_v that_o their_o brama_n who_o they_o adore_v be_v bear_v almost_o as_o some_o balie_n book_n do_v say_v sommona-codom_a be_v bear_v viz._n of_o a_o flower_n which_o be_v spring_v from_o the_o navel_n of_o a_o infant_n which_o they_o say_v be_v a_o leaf_n a_o tree_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o infant_n bite_v its_o toe_n and_o swim_v on_o the_o water_n which_o alone_o subsist_v with_o god_n they_o take_v no_o notice_n that_o the_o leaf-infant_n subsist_v too_o and_o according_a to_o abraham_n roger_n they_o in_o this_o country_n believe_v in_o god_n but_o in_o a_o god_n which_o be_v not_o adore_v and_o without_o doubt_n he_o have_v with_o as_o little_a ground_n advance_v that_o other_o have_v write_v that_o the_o siamese_n believe_v a_o god_n sommona-codom_a the_o fable_n which_o the_o siamese_n relate_v of_o their_o sommona-codom_a it_o be_v no_o fault_n of_o i_o that_o they_o give_v i_o not_o the_o life_n of_o sommona-codom_a translate_v from_o their_o book_n but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o obtain_v it_o i_o will_v here_o relate_v what_o be_v tell_v i_o thereof_o how_o marvellous_a soever_o they_o pretend_v his_o birth_n have_v be_v they_o cease_v not_o to_o give_v he_o a_o father_n and_o a_o mother_n his_o mother_n who_o name_n be_v find_v in_o some_o of_o their_o balie_n book_n be_v call_v as_o they_o say_v maha_n maria_n which_o seem_v to_o signify_v the_o great_a mary_n for_o maha_n signify_v great_a but_o it_o be_v find_v write_v mania_n as_o often_o as_o maria_n which_o prove_v almost_o that_o these_o be_v two_o word_n man-ya_a because_o that_o the_o siamese_n do_v confound_v the_o n_z with_o the_o r_o only_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o word_n or_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o syllable_n which_o be_v follow_v with_o a_o consonant_a however_o it_o be_v this_o cease_v not_o to_o give_v attention_n to_o the_o missionary_n and_o have_v perhaps_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o siamese_n to_o believe_v that_o jesus_n be_v the_o son_n of_o mary_n be_v brother_n to_o sommona-codom_a and_o that_o have_v be_v crucify_v he_o be_v that_o wicked_a brother_n who_o they_o give_v to_o sommona-codom_a under_o the_o name_n of_o thevetat_n and_o who_o they_o report_v to_o be_v punish_v in_o hell_n with_o a_o punishment_n which_o participate_v something_o of_o the_o cross_n the_o father_n of_o sommona_n codom_n be_v according_a to_o this_o same_o balie_n book_n a_o king_n of_o teve_n lanca_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o king_n of_o the_o famous_a ceylon_n but_o the_o balie_n book_n be_v without_o date_n and_o without_o the_o author_n name_n have_v no_o more_o authority_n than_o all_o the_o tradition_n who_o origin_n be_v unkow_v this_o now_o be_v what_o they_o relate_v of_o sommona-codom_a it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o bestow_v all_o his_o estate_n in_o alm_n and_o that_o his_o charity_n not_o be_v yet_o satisfy_v he_o pluck_v out_o his_o eye_n and_o slay_v his_o wife_n and_o child_n to_o give_v they_o to_o the_o talapoin_n of_o his_o age_n to_o eat_v a_o strange_a contrariety_n of_o idea_n in_o this_o people_n who_o prohibit_v nothing_o so_o much_o as_o to_o kill_v and_o who_o relate_v the_o most_o execrable_a parricide_n as_o the_o most_o meritorious_a work_n of_o sommona-codom_a perhaps_o they_o think_v that_o under_o the_o title_n of_o property_n a_o man_n have_v as_o much_o power_n over_o the_o live_v of_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n as_o to_o 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say_v in_o some_o place_n of_o my_o relation_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o presumptive_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o fault_n which_o that_o prince_n commit_v and_o that_o there_o be_v find_v some_o prince_n who_o be_v become_v king_n have_v revenge_v their_o governor_n beside_o the_o colao_n who_o be_v the_o king_n be_v principal_a council_n he_o have_v other_o officer_n who_o sole_a function_n be_v to_o reprehend_v he_o public_o for_o his_o fault_n yuus_n the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o race_n hiaa_n who_o according_a to_o their_o history_n begin_v to_o reign_v 2207_o year_n before_o jesus_n christ_n give_v full_a liberty_n to_o all_o good_a person_n to_o give_v he_o counsel_n and_o yet_o because_o that_o he_o find_v himself_o once_o reprove_v with_o too_o much_o sharpness_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o principal_a councillor_n he_o be_v so_o vex_v thereat_o that_o he_o have_v resolve_v to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n who_o have_v give_v he_o this_o affront_n 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age_n and_o be_v still_o his_o favourite_n some_o do_v call_v he_o his_o adopt_a son_n other_o suspect_v he_o to_o be_v his_o bastard_n he_o be_v at_o least_o foster_n brother_n to_o his_o lawful_a daughter_n country_n that_o the_o siamese_n come_v not_o from_o far_o to_o inhabit_v their_o country_n but_o if_o you_o consider_v the_o extreme_o low_a land_n of_o siam_n that_o they_o seem_v to_o escape_v the_o sea_n as_o it_o be_v by_o miracle_n and_o that_o they_o lie_v annual_o under_o rain_n water_n for_o several_a month_n the_o almost_o infinite_a number_n of_o very_o incommodious_a infect_v which_o they_o engender_v and_o the_o excessive_a heat_n of_o the_o climate_n under_o which_o they_o be_v seat_v it_o be_v difficult_a to_o comprehend_v that_o other_o can_v resolve_v to_o inhabit_v they_o except_v such_o as_o come_v thither_o by_o little_a and_o little_a from_o place_n adjacent_a and_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o they_o have_v be_v inhabit_v not_o many_o age_n if_o a_o judgement_n may_v be_v make_v thereof_o by_o the_o few_o wood_n that_o be_v stub_a as_o yet_o moreover_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o travel_v more_o to_o the_o north_n of_o siam_n to_o find_v out_o the_o warlike_a people_n which_o can_v yield_v those_o innumerable_a swarm_n of_o man_n which_o depart_v out_o of_o their_o own_o country_n to_o go_v and_o possess_v other_o and_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v stop_v on_o the_o road_n among_o some_o of_o those_o soft_a and_o effeminate_a people_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o country_n of_o the_o scythian_n and_o the_o wood_n and_o impassable_a river_n of_o the_o siamese_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o probable_a that_o the_o lesser_a siamese_n which_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o great_a and_o that_o the_o great_a withdraw_v into_o the_o mountain_n which_o they_o inhabit_v to_o free_v themselves_o from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n under_o which_o they_o be_v bear_v three_o baly_n alphabet_n kià _fw-la keù̈_n keuà _fw-la koù̈a_o koüà _fw-it ké_v kê_fw-la quoth_fw-mi kaou_fw-la koum_fw-la kam_fw-mi karama_n quoth_fw-mi koüaÃ_n keva_fw-it reu_fw-fr reû_fw-fr leu_n leû_fw-fr ca_o kha_n kha_n go_v nga_fw-mi tcha_fw-mi tcha_fw-mi tcha_fw-mi tcha_fw-mi ya_fw-mi thá_fw-fr than_z da_fw-mi na_fw-mi ta_o than_z tâ—a_o da_fw-mi na_fw-mi pa_z ppa_fw-la da_fw-mi i_o ca_o ra_fw-mi la_fw-fr va_fw-la ta_o ha_o la_fw-fr ang_fw-mi ka_o kaa_o ki_v ku_n kou_n koû_fw-fr ke_n kái_fw-it quoth_fw-mi káon_fw-gr kamÌ€_n ká_fw-fr ka-na_a ka_o nâ_fw-la kad-ni_a kard_n kanou_n kanou_n ka-ne_a kanai_n ka_o na_fw-mi ka_o naoÅ„_n kananǵ_n ka-na_a the_o siamese_n cipher_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o 10_o the_o siamese_n numeral_a name_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o 10_o 11_o 12_o 20_o 30_o a_o smoke_v instrument_n which_o the_o modâ—â—_n of_o siamâ—do_n use_n aa_n a_o pipe_n of_o bambou_n 8_o or_o 9_o footlong_o the_o chinese-chese-boord_n 1_o the_o king_n 2_o the_o guards_z 3_o the_o elephant_n 4_o the_o knight_n 5_o the_o wagon_n 6_o the_o canon_n 7_o the_o pawn_n 8_o the_o river_n a_o musical_a instrument_n with_o the_o bell_n the_o chinese_n abacus_fw-la or_o arithmetical_a instrume_n nt_o or_o count_v they_o inhabit_v different_a quarter_n in_o the_o city_n or_o suburb_n of_o siam_n numerous_a the_o people_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n not_o very_o numerous_a and_o yet_o this_o city_n be_v very_o little_o inhabit_v in_o respect_n to_o its_o bigness_n and_o the_o country_n much_o less_o in_o proportion_n it_o must_v be_v imagine_v that_o they_o desire_v not_o a_o great_a people_n for_o they_o count_v they_o every_o year_n and_o do_v well_o know_v what_o no_o person_n ignore_v that_o the_o only_a secret_a to_o increase_v they_o will_v be_v to_o ease_v they_o in_o the_o tax_n and_o imposition_n the_o siamese_n do_v therefore_o keep_v a_o exact_a account_n
more_o in_o a_o word_n these_o nen_n be_v not_o all_o young_a some_o there_o be_v which_o do_v grow_v old_a in_o this_o condition_n which_o be_v not_o think_v entire_o religious_a and_o the_o elder_a of_o all_o they_o call_v taten_n it_o belong_v to_o he_o to_o pluck_v up_o the_o weed_n which_o grow_v in_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o convent_n which_o the_o talapoin_v themselves_o can_v do_v in_o their_o opinion_n without_o sin_n convent_n the_o hall_n of_o the_o convent_n the_o school_n of_o the_o nen_n be_v a_o hall_n of_o bambou_n stand_v alone_o and_o beside_o this_o hall_n there_o be_v always_o such_o another_o where_o the_o people_n carry_v their_o alm_n on_o the_o day_n when_o the_o temple_n be_v shut_v and_o where_o the_o talapoin_v assemble_v for_o their_o ordinary_a conference_n steeple_n the_o steeple_n the_o steeple_n be_v a_o wooden_a tower_n stand_v also_o alone_o they_o call_v it_o horacang_v or_o the_o belfry_n but_o the_o bell_n have_v no_o clapper_n they_o strike_v it_o with_o a_o mallet_n or_o wooden_a hammer_n to_o sound_v it_o and_o it_o be_v only_o in_o war_n or_o for_o thing_n of_o war_n that_o they_o strike_v their_o basin_n and_o other_o instrument_n of_o brass_n or_o copper_n with_o iron_n hammer_n superior_n of_o the_o superior_n every_o convent_n be_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o a_o superior_a call_v tchaou-vat_a that_o be_v to_o say_v lord_n or_o master_n of_o the_o convent_n but_o all_o the_o superior_n be_v not_o of_o equal_a dignity_n the_o most_o honourable_a be_v those_o which_o they_o call_v sancrat_v and_o the_o sancrat_fw-mi of_o the_o convent_n of_o the_o palace_n be_v the_o most_o reverend_a of_o all_o yet_o no_o superior_a nor_o no_o sancrat_fw-mi have_v authority_n or_o jurisdiction_n over_o another_o this_o body_n will_v be_v too_o formidable_a if_o it_o have_v but_o one_o head_n and_o if_o it_o act_v always_o unanimous_o and_o according_a to_o the_o same_o maxim_n sancrats_n of_o the_o sancrats_n the_o missionary_n have_v compare_v the_o sancrats_n to_o our_o bishop_n and_o the_o simple_a superior_n to_o our_o curate_n and_o they_o have_v some_o inclination_n to_o believe_v that_o this_o country_n have_v former_o have_v some_o christian_a bishop_n to_o who_o the_o sancrats_n have_v succeed_v none_o but_o the_o sancrats_n indeed_o can_v make_v talapoin_n as_o none_o but_o bishop_n can_v make_v priest_n but_o otherwise_o the_o sancrats_n have_v not_o any_o jurisdiction_n nor_o any_o authority_n neither_o over_o the_o people_n nor_o over_o the_o talapoin_n which_o be_v not_o of_o their_o convent_n and_o they_o can_v not_o inform_v i_o whether_o they_o have_v any_o particular_a character_n which_o make_v they_o sancrats_n save_v that_o they_o be_v superior_n of_o certain_a convent_v design_v for_o sancrats_n every_o convent_n therefore_o design_v for_o a_o sancrat_fw-mi be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o other_o convent_v wherein_o there_o be_v only_o simple_a superior_n by_o some_o stone_n plant_v round_o the_o temple_n and_o near_o its_o wall_n each_o of_o which_o be_v double_a and_o bear_v some_o resemblance_n but_o at_o a_o very_a great_a distance_n with_o a_o mitre_n set_v upon_o a_o pedestal_n i_o have_v insert_v the_o figure_n thereof_o in_o the_o print_n of_o a_o temple_n their_o name_n in_o siamese_n be_v sema_n now_o it_o be_v this_o resemblance_n of_o these_o stone_n with_o the_o mitre_n that_o be_v the_o principal_a foundation_n of_o the_o suspicion_n which_o the_o missionary_n have_v that_o the_o sancrats_n have_v succeed_v some_o bishop_n the_o more_o of_o these_o stone_n there_o be_v round_o a_o temple_n the_o more_o the_o sancrat_fw-mi be_v think_v advance_v in_o dignity_n but_o there_o never_o be_v few_o than_o two_o nor_o more_o than_o eight_o the_o ignorance_n under_o which_o the_o siamese_n be_v as_o to_o what_o these_o stone_n do_v signify_v have_v put_v the_o missionary_n upon_o seek_v the_o origine_fw-la thereof_o in_o christianity_n sancrats_n the_o honour_n of_o the_o sancrats_n the_o king_n of_o siam_n give_v to_o the_o principal_a sancrats_n a_o name_n a_o umbrella_n a_o sedan_n and_o some_o man_n to_o carry_v it_o but_o the_o sancrats_n do_v make_v use_n of_o this_o equipage_n only_o to_o wait_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o they_o never_o be_v talapoin_n that_o carry_v the_o sedan_n the_o sancrat_fw-mi of_o the_o palace_n be_v now_o call_v pra_fw-la viriat_n institution_n the_o spirit_n of_o this_o institution_n the_o spirit_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o talapoin_n be_v to_o keep_v themselves_o from_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o people_n to_o lead_v a_o penitent_a life_n for_o the_o sin_n of_o those_o that_o bestow_v alm_n upon_o they_o and_o to_o live_v on_o alms._n they_o eat_v not_o in_o common_a and_o though_o they_o be_v very_o hospitable_a to_o the_o secular_o which_o have_v recourse_n to_o they_o and_o even_o to_o christian_n yet_o it_o be_v prohibit_v they_o to_o share_v the_o alm_n which_o they_o receive_v or_o at_o least_o to_o do_v it_o present_o because_o that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v think_v to_o repent_v sufficient_o have_v no_o need_n to_o redeem_v his_o sin_n by_o bestow_v alm_n on_o his_o companion_n and_o perhaps_o they_o will_v also_o oblige_v they_o all_o to_o the_o fatigue_n of_o beg_v nevertheless_o a_o talapoin_n be_v not_o prohibit_v from_o ever_o give_v any_o thing_n to_o his_o brother_n or_o from_o assist_v he_o in_o a_o real_a necessity_n they_o have_v two_o lodging_n one_o on_o each_o side_n of_o their_o door_n to_o receive_v the_o passenger_n who_o desire_v a_o bed_n among_o they_o talapoin_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o talapoin_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o talapoin_n at_o siam_n as_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o indies_n some_o do_v live_v in_o the_o wood_n and_o other_o in_o the_o city_n and_o those_o of_o the_o wood_n do_v lead_v as_o they_o say_v a_o life_n which_o will_v appear_v intolerable_a and_o which_o will_v doubtless_o be_v so_o in_o country_n less_o hot_a than_o siam_n or_o than_o the_o thebais_n of_o egypt_n all_o that_o be_v to_o say_v those_o of_o the_o city_n and_o those_o of_o the_o wood_n fire_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o celibacy_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v oblige_v under_o pain_n of_o fire_n strict_o to_o keep_v celibacy_n so_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v in_o their_o profession_n and_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n from_o who_o jurisdiction_n they_o can_v withdraw_v themselves_o pardon_v they_o not_o in_o this_o point_n for_o as_o they_o have_v great_a privilege_n and_o among_o other_o thing_n be_v exempt_v from_o the_o six_o month_n service_n it_o import_v he_o that_o the_o profession_n of_o talapoin_n become_v not_o altogether_o convenient_a for_o fear_v lest_o all_o his_o subject_n embrace_v it_o to_o diminish_v the_o number_n of_o these_o privilege_a person_n convent_n and_o to_o a_o certain_a degree_n of_o literature_n under_o pain_n of_o be_v expel_v out_o of_o the_o convent_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n examine_v as_o to_o their_o knowledge_n which_o respect_v the_o balie_n language_n and_o its_o book_n and_o when_o we_o arrive_v in_o this_o country_n he_o have_v just_o reduce_v several_a thousand_o to_o the_o secular_a condition_n because_o they_o have_v not_o be_v find_v learned_a enough_o their_o examiner_n be_v oc-lovang_a souracac_n a_o young_a man_n of_o about_o twenty_o eight_o or_o thirty_o year_n old_a the_o son_n of_o that_o oc-pra_a pipitcharatcha_n who_o as_o i_o have_v say_v command_v the_o elephant_n but_o the_o talapoin_n of_o the_o wood_n have_v refuse_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o examination_n of_o a_o secular_a and_o consent_v to_o be_v examine_v only_o by_o one_o of_o their_o superior_n they_o educate_v the_o youth_n as_o i_o have_v relate_v people_n they_o educate_v the_o youth_n and_o instruct_v the_o people_n and_o they_o explain_v their_o doctrine_n to_o the_o people_n according_a as_o it_o be_v write_v in_o their_o balie_n book_n they_o preach_v the_o next_o day_n after_o every_o new_a and_o every_o full_a moon_n and_o the_o people_n be_v ever_o very_o constant_a in_o the_o temple_n when_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o river_n be_v full_a of_o rain-water_n until_o the_o inundation_n begin_v to_o sink_v they_o preach_v every_o day_n from_o six_o in_o the_o morning_n till_o dinnertime_n and_o from_o one_o in_o the_o afternoon_n till_o five_o in_o the_o evening_n the_o preacher_n be_v seat_v cross-legged_a in_o a_o high_a chair_n of_o state_n and_o several_a talapoin_n release_v one_o another_o in_o this_o office_n the_o people_n approve_v the_o doctrine_n which_o be_v preach_v to_o they_o in_o these_o balie_n word_n sa_fw-fr thou_fw-mi sa_fw-it which_o signify_v it_o be_v so_o sir_n gainful_a this_o trade_n be_v gainful_a or_o in_o other_o siamese_n word_n which_o amount_v to_o the_o same_o sense_n and_o then_o they_o give_v alm_n to_o the_o
to_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o doctrine_n sommona-codom_a before_o his_o death_n order_v that_o some_o statue_n and_o temple_n shall_v be_v consecrate_a to_o he_o and_o since_o his_o death_n he_o be_v in_o that_o state_n of_o repose_n which_o they_o express_v by_o they_o word_n nireupan_n this_o be_v not_o a_o place_n but_o a_o kind_n of_o be_v for_o to_o speak_v true_o they_o say_v sommona-codom_a be_v not_o where_o and_o he_o enjoy_v not_o any_o felicity_n he_o be_v without_o power_n and_o out_o of_o a_o condition_n to_o do_v either_o good_a or_o evil_a unto_o man_n expression_n which_o the_o portuguese_n have_v render_v by_o the_o word_n annihilation_n nevertheless_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o siamese_n do_v esteem_v sommona-codom_a happy_a they_o offer_v up_o prayer_n unto_o he_o and_o demand_v of_o he_o whatever_o they_o want_v whether_o that_o their_o doctrine_n agree_v not_o with_o itself_o or_o that_o they_o extend_v their_o worship_n beyond_o their_o doctrine_n but_o in_o what_o sense_n soever_o they_o attribute_v power_n to_o sommona-codom_a they_o agree_v that_o he_o have_v it_o only_o over_o the_o siamese_n and_o that_o he_o concern_v not_o himself_o with_o other_o people_n who_o adore_v other_o man_n beside_o he_o be_v that_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o sommona-codom_a never_o have_v be_v as_o therefore_o they_o report_v nothing_o but_o fable_n of_o their_o sommona-codom_a that_o they_o respect_v he_o not_o as_o the_o author_n of_o their_o law_n and_o their_o doctrine_n but_o at_o most_o as_o he_o who_o have_v reestablish_v they_o among_o man_n and_o that_o in_o fine_a they_o have_v no_o reasonable_a memory_n of_o he_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v in_o my_o opinion_n that_o there_o ever_o be_v such_o a_o man_n he_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v invent_v to_o be_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o man_n who_o virtue_n as_o they_o apprehend_v it_o have_v render_v happy_a in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o fable_n that_o be_v to_o say_v beyond_o what_o their_o history_n contain_v certain_a and_o because_o that_o they_o have_v think_v necessary_a to_o give_v at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o opposite_a idea_n of_o a_o man_n who_o his_o wickedness_n have_v subject_v to_o great_a torment_n they_o have_v certain_o invent_v that_o thevetat_n who_o they_o suppose_v to_o have_v be_v brother_n to_o sommona-codom_a and_o his_o enemy_n they_o make_v they_o both_o to_o be_v talapoin_n and_o when_o they_o allege_v that_o sommona-codom_a have_v be_v king_n they_o report_v it_o as_o they_o declare_v he_o have_v be_v a_o ape_n and_o a_o pig_n they_o suppose_v that_o in_o the_o several_a transmigration_n of_o his_o soul_n he_o have_v be_v all_o thing_n and_o always_o excellent_a in_o every_o kind_n that_o be_v to_o say_v he_o have_v be_v the_o most_o commendable_a of_o all_o pig_n as_o the_o most_o commendable_a of_o all_o king_n i_o know_v not_o from_o whence_o mr._n gervaise_fw-fr judge_n that_o the_o chineses_n pretend_v that_o sommona-codom_a be_v of_o their_o country_n i_o have_v see_v nothing_o thereof_o in_o the_o relation_n of_o china_n but_o only_o what_o i_o have_v speak_v concern_v chekia_n or_o chaka_n the_o life_n of_o thevetat_n be_v give_v i_o translate_v from_o the_o baly_n but_o not_o to_o interrupt_v my_o discourse_n i_o will_v put_v it_o at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o relation_n it_o be_v also_o a_o texture_n of_o fable_n and_o a_o curious_a specimen_fw-la of_o the_o thought_n of_o these_o man_n touch_v the_o virtue_n and_o vice_n the_o punishment_n and_o reward_n the_o nature_n and_o the_o transmigration_n of_o soul_n i_o must_v not_o omit_v what_o i_o borrow_v from_o mr._n harbelot_n be_v a_o conjecture_n upon_o the_o etymology_n of_o sommona-codom_a and_o what_o language_n the_o baly_n may_v be_v i_o have_v think_v it_o necessary_a to_o consult_v he_o about_o what_o i_o know_v of_o the_o siamese_n to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v observe_v what_o the_o word_n which_o i_o know_v thereof_o have_v in_o common_a with_o the_o arabian_a turkish_a and_o persian_a and_o he_o inform_v that_o suman_n which_o must_v be_v pronounce_v souman_n signify_v heaven_n in_o persian_a and_o that_o codum_fw-la or_o codom_n signify_v ancient_a in_o the_o same_o tongue_n so_o that_o sommona-codom_a seem_v to_o signify_v the_o eternal_a or_o uncreated_a heaven_n because_o that_o in_o persian_a and_o in_o hebrew_n the_o word_n which_o signify_v ancient_a imply_n likewise_o uncreated_a or_o eternal_a and_o as_o touch_v the_o baly_n tongue_n he_o inform_v i_o that_o the_o ancient_a persian_a be_v call_v pahalevi_n or_o pahali_n and_o that_o between_o pahali_n and_o bahali_n the_o persian_n make_v no_o difference_n add_v that_o the_o word_n pout_v which_o in_o persian_a signify_v a_o idol_n or_o false_a god_n and_o which_o doubtless_o signify_v mercury_n when_o the_o persian_n be_v idolater_n signify_v mercury_n among_o the_o siamese_n as_o i_o have_v already_o remark_v mercury_n who_o be_v the_o god_n of_o the_o science_n seem_v 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among_o the_o other_o nation_n there_o be_v other_o man_n who_o have_v render_v themselves_o worthy_a of_o altar_n and_o which_o those_o other_o nation_n must_v adore_v all_o the_o indian_n in_o general_n be_v therefore_o persuade_v tradition_n what_o be_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o indian_n or_o the_o submission_n which_o they_o have_v to_o their_o tradition_n that_o different_a people_n must_v have_v different_a worship_n but_o by_o approve_v that_o other_o people_n have_v each_o their_o worship_n they_o comprehend_v not_o that_o some_o will_v exterminate_v they_o they_o think_v not_o like_o we_o that_o faith_n be_v a_o virtue_n they_o believe_v because_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o doubt_v but_o they_o persuade_v not_o themselves_o that_o there_o be_v a_o faith_n and_o worship_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o faith_n and_o the_o worship_n of_o all_o nation_n their_o priest_n preach_v not_o that_o a_o soul_n shall_v be_v punish_v in_o the_o other_o world_n for_o not_o have_v believe_v the_o tradition_n of_o his_o country_n in_o this_o because_o they_o understand_v not_o that_o any_o of_o they_o deny_v the_o fable_n of_o their_o book_n they_o be_v ready_a to_o believe_v whatever_o be_v tell_v rhem_n of_o a_o foreign_a religion_n how_o incomprehensible_a soever_o it_o be_v but_o they_o can_v believe_v that_o their_o own_o be_v false_a and_o much_o less_o can_v they_o resolve_v to_o change_v their_o law_n their_o manner_n and_o their_o worship_n one_o have_v better_a to_o show_v they_o the_o contrariety_n and_o gross_a ignorance_n in_o their_o book_n they_o do_v sometime_o agree_v herein_o but_o for_o all_o this_o they_o reject_v not_o their_o book_n as_o for_o some_o falsity_n we_o reject_v not_o every_o historian_n nor_o every_o physical_a book_n they_o believe_v not_o that_o their_o doctrine_n have_v be_v dictate_v by_o a_o eternal_a and_o infallible_a truth_n of_o which_o they_o have_v not_o
not_o so_o considerable_a ancient_o when_o these_o star_n be_v near_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o solstice_n vi_o a_o determination_n of_o the_o time_n of_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o five_o planet_n in_o the_o constellation_n xe._n have_v reduce_v these_o star_n to_o the_o equinoxial_a in_o the_o twenty_o four_o and_o twenty_o five_o age_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o jesus_n christ_n we_o have_v not_o find_v that_o between_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o declination_n which_o pass_v through_o these_o star_n five_o planet_n can_v be_v find_v join_v together_o neither_o in_o these_o age_n nor_o in_o two_o other_o before_o and_o after_o whilst_o that_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o sign_n of_o aquarius_n as_o the_o chinese_n history_n import_v but_o we_o have_v find_v that_o saturn_n jupiter_n venus_n mercury_n and_o the_o moon_n meet_v in_o that_o chinese_n constellation_n determine_v by_o this_o method_n the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o 20_o of_o aquarius_n in_o the_o 2012_o year_n before_o the_o 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difference_n of_o five_o age_n whereby_o it_o appear_v according_a to_o this_o calculation_n that_o the_o chineses_n do_v make_v their_o epocha_n too_o ancient_a be_v confirm_v by_o another_o place_n of_o father_n martinius_n his_o history_n where_o this_o author_n report_v that_o under_o jao_n the_o seven_o emperor_n of_o the_o chinese_n the_o winter_n solstice_n be_v observe_v about_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o the_o constellation_n hiu_fw-mi which_o at_o present_a begin_v about_o the_o 18_o of_o aquarius_n so_o that_o since_o this_o time_n the_o solstice_n be_v remove_v above_o 48_o degree_n from_o its_o first_o place_n he_o refer_v this_o observation_n to_o the_o 20_o year_n of_o jao_n which_o he_o report_v to_o have_v be_v the_o 2341_o before_o the_o birth_n of_o jesus_n christ_n it_o appear_v by_o the_o table_n that_o this_o constellation_n hiu_n begin_v with_o the_o star_n which_o be_v in_o the_o left_a shoulder_n of_o aquarius_n which_o in_o the_o year_n 1628._o be_v at_o 18_o degree_n 16_o minute_n of_o aquarius_n but_o the_o 20_o year_n of_o jao_n it_o be_v in_o 29_o degree_n of_o sagitarius_n and_o some_o minute_n see_v that_o the_o winter_n solstice_n which_o be_v always_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o capricorn_n be_v at_o the_o first_o of_o the_o constellation_n hiu_fw-mi the_o distance_n between_o these_o two_o place_n of_o the_o zodiac_n be_v 49_o degree_n 16_o minute_n which_o the_o fix_a star_n according_a to_o tycho_n table_n do_v make_v in_o 3478_o year_n by_o reason_n of_o 51_o second_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la from_o whence_o have_v deduct_v 1625_o year_n at_o most_o which_o be_v elapse_v from_o the_o epocha_n of_o jesus_n christ_n the_o 20_o of_o jao_n will_v be_v the_o 1852_o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o jesus_n christ_n which_o father_n martinius_n according_a to_o the_o chinese_n history_n place_v in_o the_o 2347_o year_n before_o jesus_n christ_n make_v it_o more_o ancient_a by_o about_o 497_o year_n thus_o there_o be_v about_o 5_o age_n difference_n between_o this_o epocha_n take_v from_o the_o chinese_n history_n and_o the_o same_o draw_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n make_v in_o this_o interval_n of_o time_n as_o we_o have_v find_v by_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o 5_o planet_n in_o the_o constellation_n xe._n according_a to_o father_n martinius_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o history_n of_o china_n it_o seem_v that_o the_o chineses_n do_v reckon_v but_o five_o planet_n saturn_n jupiter_n mars_n venus_n and_o mercury_n and_o that_o they_o suppose_v at_o the_o time_n of_o their_o five_o emperor_n the_o concourse_n of_o those_o five_o planet_n in_o the_o constellation_n xe_n on_o the_o same_o day_n that_o there_o be_v a_o conjunction_n of_o the_o moon_n with_o the_o sun_n but_o if_o this_o chinese_n observation_n must_v be_v thus_o understand_v it_o will_v be_v a_o mere_a groundless_a mistake_n such_o a_o concourse_n have_v not_o happen_v at_o the_o time_n denote_v by_o the_o 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it_o be_v not_o only_a from_o a_o well_o adjust_v succession_n that_o the_o history_n to_o which_o we_o give_v credit_n do_v take_v their_o certainty_n but_o from_o that_o they_o be_v confirm_v one_o by_o the_o other_o all_o the_o nation_n that_o can_v have_v a_o knowledge_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n relate_v they_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n at_o least_o as_o to_o the_o most_o important_a circumstance_n so_o that_o where_o there_o be_v a_o diversity_n of_o advice_n we_o fall_v into_o doubt_n the_o history_n of_o the_o chinese_n have_v neither_o be_v contradict_v nor_o confirm_v by_o their_o neighbour_n no_o authority_n can_v be_v draw_v from_o their_o silence_n and_o thus_o all_o that_o we_o have_v to_o do_v be_v to_o believe_v it_o true_a in_o the_o gross_a especial_o from_o about_o 200_o year_n before_o jesus_n christ_n but_o not_o in_o what_o oppugn_v our_o history_n which_o be_v better_a attest_v than_o they_o concern_v the_o isle_n taprobane_n by_o mounseur_fw-fr cassini_n the_o situation_n of_o the_o isle_n taprobane_n according_a to_o ptolemy_n in_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o his_o geography_n be_v over_o against_o the_o promontory_n cari._n this_o promontory_n be_v place_v by_o ptolemy_n between_o the_o river_n indus_n and_o ganges_n near_a indus_n than_o the_o ganges_n this_o isle_n taprobane_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o equinoxial_a line_n into_o two_o unequal_a part_n the_o great_a of_o which_o be_v in_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n extend_v to_o 12_o or_o 13_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n the_o least_o part_n be_v in_o the_o southern_a hemisphere_n extend_v to_o two_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a of_o southern_a latitude_n round_o about_o this_o island_n there_o be_v 1378_o little_a isle_n among_o which_o there_o be_v 19_o more_o considerable_a the_o name_n of_o which_o be_v know_v in_o the_o west_n the_o promontory_n cory_n can_v be_v