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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A46295	The wonderful, and most deplorable history of the latter times of the Jews with the destruction of the city of Jerusalem. Which history begins where the Holy Scriptures do end. By Josephus Ben Gorion whereunto is added a brief of the ten captivities; with the pourtrait of the Roman rams, and engines of battery, &c. As also of Jerusalem; with the fearful, and presaging apparitions that were seen in the air before her ruins. Moreover, there is a parallel of the late times and crimes in London, with those in Jerusalem.; Josippon. English. Abridgments.	Joseph ben Gorion, ha-Kohen, attributed name.; Howell, James, 1594?-1666.; Ibn Daud, Abraham ben David, Halevi, ca. 1110-ca. 1180.; Fuller, Thomas, 1608-1661.	1671 (1671)	Wing J1086A; ESTC R216340	213,458	417

stones And another like chance hapned A stone came and hit one of Josephs men of war a valiant man in such sort that it divided his head from his body and made it fly a large mile off At the same time one of the Roman souldiers devised with himself how to hit Joseph with a venomed arrow and gat him under a wall where Joseph was to accomplish his purpose but Joseph espied him and cryed to him Hold thy hand thou wicked fellow and do not kill me With that the fellow started somewhat aside being afraid at Josephs voice and suddenly the Jews out of the Town poured hot Oyl upon him from the wall and his skin was scalded off and he ran away naked howling and yelling to the Romans Camp where he died Vespasian and his son Titus were fully determined to continue the assault until the 47. day notwithstanding the walls were so high that they could not win the Town Yet at length the men were so spent within the Town that they that remained alive were so wearied with toyling that they were not able any longer to furnish theirwatch upon the wall This upon a certain night Vespasian and Titus understanding scaled the walls at a quarter where watchmen were lacking and after them many more of the Roman souldiers followed which went down on the inside and brake open the great gate of the Town whereat entred the whole Army of the Romans And being within the Town sounded their Trumpets and shouted to battel The Jews with the alarum tumult and hurly burly of the Romans awaked out of their sleep and were sore afraid Notwithstanding every man took him to his weapon and drew to the Market-place as fast as they might They had made the Market-place of the Town so large of purpose that if any businesse should happen there might come together the whole City if they would and as they looked about them they saw the Roman Army entring in at the Town by the way that came from the great gate Then fought they with the Romans and divided even in the Market-place where they stood exhorting one another and saying Let us die here fighting and never suffer our selves to be taken alive But Joseph and forty men with him worthy men all fled away into a wood where they found a ●…ain Cave and hid themselves therein All the 〈◊〉 of the Citizens were slain in that conflict for they would not yield nor commit themselves to the Romans they trusted them so little For on a time a certain Jew besought a Roman souldier to save his life and the Roman sware unto him saying God deal thus and thus with me if I slay thee therefore yield and come hither to me The Jew required him to give his right hand that he might trust him and the Roman reached him his left hand The Jew being dismayed in that great fear mark't not that it was his left hand But when the Roman had once hold of him he kept him fast with that hand and with his right took his sword slew the Jew that then was naked having cast away his weapon upon trust of the Roman When the Jews saw how the Roman regarded not his oath but slew the Jew that upon the trust of his promise and oath had yielded himself unto him they determined to die altogether and never to trust the Romans Whereupon they resolved with themselves utterly to die for the holinesse of the Lord God of Israel but in so doing they slew much people of the Romans and far more than they had done in any other battel yet at length the City was taken When Vespasian had knowledge where Joseph and his company was he sent Nicanor Pilerinus and Callicanus with him to Joseph to will him to come forth and he should have his life and not be slain upon that Joseph debated the matter with them that were with him in the Den requiring their advice For my part saith he if ye will follow my counsel I think it best we go unto them but upon this condition That they will make us a formal assurance of our lives effectually as we shall require them which done I doubt not but Vespasian when we come unto him will extend his favour towards us When these men perceived Joseph to be inclined to yield unto the Romans they said We marvel at thee O Prince Joseph at thee we say that wast chosen out of thousands of people and promoted to the Priesthood and Kingdom to sanctifie and hallow the Lord God of Israel who wast also appointed Captain General of so great an host and hast seen with thine eyes the shameful reproach of thy people with the displeasures and damages of thy Sheep that thou hast yet any desire to live in this dishonour What seest thou that thou wouldest desire to live Should'st thou not rather desire death than life Peradventure thou perswadest thy self that they call unto thee to save thy life or for thy commodity but without doubt this were a vain perswasion For they call thee for none other intent than to take thee alive and to brag how they took Joseph that was consecrated and addicted to the Wars and make it an argument that their power prospereth Now therefore our dear Brother and our Prince consider that this they will do yea if they save thy life But put the case they put thee to death Were it not better for thee to die on thine own sword than on theirs yea if it were for nothing but this it is better for thee to die than live lest thou should'st hear their reproaches their upbraidings and their quarrellings and if they preserve thee alive never think they do it for thy good but rather for thy ignominy and shame which is far more grievous than death it self Wherefore our dear Brother and our Prince What comes in thy mind that thou purposest to live after that thou hast lost thy people and thy brethren And to what purpose serveth thy life after they be 〈◊〉 one Mark diligently what Moses of worthy memory our Master did how he spake before God touching the people of Israel O pardon their sins saith he or else blot me quite out of thy book whi●…h thou hast written He would not live after the destruction of his people although the Almighty said unto him Let me alone that I may wreak mine anger upon them and consume them Why dost thou not call unto thy remembrance Aaron his brother that went betwixt life and death in withstanding the Angel that plagued the people and offered himself to die for his people that the plague might cease from Israel Where is King Saul and his son Jonathan that foughtfor the people of God and died in the field Could not Saul have saved his life and his sons both if he had been so disposed But he when he saw Israel had the overthrow in the battel he had no desire to live longer but chose to die rather than to

say That season which was ordained for their salvation turned to their perdition Moreover the very inanimate creatures and vegetals the very soil of the Country became co-sufferers with them being forc't to part with her plenty as well as with her people ever since From that time to this day 't is well known what Runagates and Land-lopers they have been up and down the world For although it is known there be many scores of thousands of them d●…spersed and squandred here and there upon the surface of the earth yet these straglers could never since grow to such an unity and coalition as might form the species of any setled Government but they still shuffle and prog up and down being no better then slaves wheresoever they take footing Moreover it is observed that they apply themselves to the most sordid and servile conditions for commonly they are either Lombardiers and Brokers for the pettiest things as far as a blew point Or they are Gabeliers and Tollmen having some inferiour places in the Custom-houses a profession so undervalued and held infamous by their Ancestours Or they serve for Spies and panders for intelligence so that there be few great Officers in Turky but have a Jew for that purpose For they are known to be the subtilest and the most subdolous race of people upon earth as also the most fearfull and pusillanimous inso much that they are imployed no where in the wars nor worth the making slaves of Now the reason why they are so far degenerated from their primitive simplicity and courage is their frequent captivities their desperate fortunes the necessities and hatred they have been habituated unto from time to time For no Nation on earth hath been so generally contemned both by Christians and Pagans witness one Heathen Poet among divers ot●…ers in these Hexameters wherein there is an accumulation of so many base attributes cast upon them Tum Judaea cohors infida molesta rebellis Perfida dira ferox perjura ingrata superba Now the moralists observe that nothing doth depress and deprave ingenious spirits or corrupt clear wits more then scorn and necessity nothing cowes them more then wan●… and indigence Virtutibus obstat Resangusta domi Touching the ten Tribes that were led Captives beyond E●…phrates the present Jews know not what 's become of them yet they believe th●…y never became Apostates or Gentiles to this day Some there are and those of the best rank of Learned men who hold that the Tartars of Scythia who about the year 1200. or a little before became first known to the rest of the world by that name and hold at this day a great part of Asia in subjection are of the Israelits progeny namely of those ten Tribes which were carried Captive to Assyria by Salmanazar and some of his Predecessors The first argument they pr●…duce is that the word Tartari signifies in the Syriak a Residue or Remainder such as those Tartars are supposed to be of those ten Tribes Secondly they alledge that they have alwaies embraced the Circumcision the An●…ent Character of Jud●…ism Thirdly they urge sundry Texts in E●… 〈◊〉 proba●… hereof But this opinion hath found no 〈◊〉 entertainment with the best sort of Antiquaries The Jews of the Tribe of Benjamin they say are thos●… in Italy Poland Germany the Turks dominions and all the Levantine parts The Tribe of Judah they hold to be setled in Portugal where they will not stick to say that some thousands families of their race are whom they dispence with all to make a semblance of Christianity as far as the taking of investitures in holy orders From hence they say their Messias is to come of whom one may hear them discourse with such a relish such a self-pleasing conceit and confidence that is wonderfull This may be the reason why they instruct their children and expound their law in the Lusitanian language in their Synagogues where women are not permitted to enter for they hold them to be of an inferiour creation to man and made only for sensuall pleasure and propagation They much glory of their mysterious Cabal wherein they make the reality of things to depend upon letters and words but they hold that the Hebrew hath the sole priviledge of this This Cabal or kind of knowledg which is nought else but tradition transmitted fr●…m father to son so from one generation to another is as they say a reparation in some measure for the loss of our knowledg in Adam And they say it was revealed four times First to Adam who being thrust out of Paradise and sitting one day very sad and sorrowing for the loss he had of that dependency the creatures have upon the Creator the Angel Raguel was sent to comf●…rt him as also to instruct him and repair his lost knowledge This they call their Cabal which was lost the second time by the Flood and Babel Then God discovered it to Moses in the bush The third time to Solomon in a dream whereby he came to know the commencement the mediety and consummation of times whereof he composed many Volums which were lost in the grand Captivity The last time they hold that God restored the Cabal to Esdras a book they highly value who by Gods command withdrew himself to the wilderness forty daies attended by five Scribes who in that space wrote 200. and four books whereof the first 134. were to be publikely read but the other seventy were to pass privately among the Levites and those they pretend to be Cabalisticall and not to be all lost Concerning the present Religion of the Jews there be three Sects of them The first which is the greatest are called the Talmudists in regard that besides the Holy Scriptures they hold the Talmud for authenticall a book composed by their Rabbines The second sect of Jews receive only the Scriptures The third which is called the Samaritan and whereof there are but very few at this day admit only of the Pentateuch viz. the five books of Moses for authentick Scripture As according to my former observation this Nation is grown cowardly cunning even to a proverb which must be imputed to their various thraldoms contempt and poverty which though it use to dastardize and depress the courage yet it whets the wit so besides these qualities they are commonly leight and gidd●…-headed much symbolizing in humour with some of the Apocalypticall zelots of these times and bold expounders of Daniel with the other Prophets whereby they use to sooth or rather fool themselves into some egregious fanaticall 〈◊〉 which nevertheless passeth among them for an Illumination The first Christian Prince that expelled the Jews out of his Territories was that heroick King our Edward the first who was such a sore scourge also to the Scots and it is thought divers families of those banish●…d Jews fled then to Scotland where they have propaga●…ed since in great numbers witness the aversion that Nat●…on hath above others to hogs-flesh Nor

Levi. The fruits of this Land were these in special Balm Hony Spices Myrrhe Nuts Almonds nor is their Wheat to be forgotten nor their Oyl with which they traded in the market of Tyrus besides the forenamed commodities Ezech. 27.17 That it did excel in Palm-trees Strabo tels us and the Roman coyns which in their reverse represent a woman sitting in the gesture of a mourner under a Palm-tree signifying Judaea captivated But the Almighty as he drove out and destroyed the Nations which dwelt in this land before so did he afterwards his own people because of the greatness of their sins so that the Land as he tels us by his Prophet spued them out and turned part of this countrey whereabout Sodom and Gomorrah stood into slime pits or the dead or salt sea when as before it was for pleasantness like to the garden of God even so did God deal with his own unthankfull and rebellious people first he carried the ten Tribes into bondage by Salmanazer who at this day are not to be found the other two Tribes were carried away into Babylon where they indured 70. years Captivity and last of all for rejecting and crucifying his own son the Lord of glory they have been destroyed driven out of their own Country and continue as vagabonds thorow the whole world And the fruitfulness of this goodly Country doth scarce appear at this day according to that of the Psalmist Psal. 07.33 34. He turneth rivers into a wilderness and the water-springs into dry ground a fruitfull land into barrenness for the wickedness of them that dwell therein No man hath observed the great increase of their seed which Isaac fonnd who sowed in that Land and reapt a hundred fold at this day the balm which Justin the Historian writes of brought in their treasure was a plant not as some have thought proper or common to Arabia but as Pliny notes peculiar to the Lan●… of Judaea or Syria as others call it and of that high price that it was valued at an equall rate and somtimes double to silver is now no where to be found Nevertheless lest men should think in their foolish imaginations that this Land had never been such as it is by the Word of God himself commended to be in some places there are certain marks and signs of the ancient fertility thereof for in a certain Plain divers miles long and broad there is found such fruitfull pastures that in so hot a Country the gras●… is seen to grow in some places as high as a mans middle in other places as high as to the brest But though the Lord for a time hath cut off this his people and turned their fruitfull Land into barrenness yet he hath abundantly shewed as in his word that the fulness of the Gentiles being come in God will have mercy upon and take into his favour this his Ancient people re-establish them in their own Land in security and without all doubt restore the Land to its former fruitfulness All which let us humbly pray to God the Father that for his infinite mercies in Jesus Christ he will speedily accomplish and turn the wilderness into a standing water and dry ground into water-springs Amen The first Book of the WARRES OF THE JEWES The Proeme IN the great Volum of Josephus there were Historicall Narrations made of things ●…s they had reference in chief to the Romans and other Nations This lesser Piece or Epitome rather declares matters as they relate principally to the Jews themselves and the State of their Common-wealth from the Macchabees unto their final subversion and ruine of the second House therefore according unto those things that we have found in the Book of Joseph the Priest son of Gorion and in other books written according to most certain truth we will draw forth and rehearse some things for the comfort that may thence arise especially seeing all the Prophets have bent and directed their Prophesies and predictions to this point that the Kingdom of the house of David should be restored and and flourish in time to come Therefore if there had been any Kings of the house of David during the time of the second Temple then should we have been in suspence yea even now already our hope had been dasht But there was no Kingdom of the house of David in that Age save only a certain Dominion that Zerrubbabel and Nehemiah had Yea rather the Kingdom remaine at that time in the House of the Machabees and in such that were toward Them and their Servants But now to the purpose CHAP. I. VVHen Alexander the first King of the Greeks had established his Kingdom he died being yet but a young man and his Kingdom was divided among four of his Captains as it is written Whiles He is yet alive His Kingdom shall be broken and delivered into four coasts of the Heavens Dan. 8. He left behind him a son of tender years called Archelaus whose Tutor or Governour perceiving him to be toward gave him impoysoned drink and made him away These Captains made war one upon another of whom one that was named Ptolomy procured M●…ses Law to be Translated into Greek to the intent he might find some occasion to pick a quarrell against Israel For by their Law he sought means to withdraw them from their Religion accord●…ng to Psal. 129. Many a time have they aff●…cted me from my youth up may Israel now say There were Seventy ancient men that Translated the Law whom P●…olomy the King separate●… one from another putting every man a part in a house by himself But they all agreed in one sence albeit they changed 13. places which was not done without miracle that they all agreed together in the meaning and writing as though one alone had writ it These 13 places be these First God created in the beginning Here no word or thing is put before Name of God and also for that in the Greek Tongue the thing that doth is put before and that that is made is placed after least this word Ber●…shith should be taken for a ●…reator and E●…him for a creature The second I will make man according to the image and likeness Gen. 1. I for we that it should not be thought as though he were one that consulted with other therein The third And God finished the sixth day and rested the seventh Gen. 2. 〈◊〉 for seventh least it should seem as though He had made any thing in the seventh day and in it ended his working The fourth Go to I will go down and ●…here will confound their La●…guage Gen. 2. I for we least by speaking in the p●…all number He should have been thought to be 〈◊〉 The fifth And Sarah laughed speaking to them that stood by her Gen. 18. With them that stood by her for to her self because Ptolomy the King should not mock them and say Who shewed you what she said to her self The sixth Because in their fury they killed an Oxe

therefore use to name them with no other Ceremony then at the six weeks end to have some young wenches lift up the Cradle with the child in it which she that standeth at the head giveth the name unto Of their Sabbath so extreaml●… doting that they have added to the superstitions left them by the Pharisees And herein they are so precise that if a J●…w travel on the Friday and in the evening fall so short of his journey's end that it amounts to m●…re than 2000. cubits or six furlongs which they account a Sabbath-dayes journey there must he sit him down and keep his Sabbath though in a Wood or Field or the High-way side without fear of wind or weather of Thieves or Robbers or without taking order for meat or drink And so far have they gone in despight of Christ as to declare it unlawful to lift the Oxe or Asse out of a ditch permitted in the strictest times of Pharisaical rigour So pertinacious in retaining the difference of meats and drinks that they will by no means sit at the same Table with other men and so precise in the dressing of it that they will eat of no flesh but of their own killing only and that too with such cautions and reservations that if any of the entrails be corrupt or dislocated they wil sell the whole beast to the Christians for a very trifle beneficial in that only to the neighbouring Christians Wine they forbear except it be of their own planting not so much out of dislike of that liquor for they are generally good fellows and love their bellies as for fear the wine should be baptized A Ceremony much used in the Eastern parts Of the coming of their Messiah so full of hopes that there is no great Warriour stirring but they look upon him as the man till some sad Tragedy or other which suffer under that perswasion makes them see their errour promising to themselves whensoever he cometh a restitution of their Kingdom and such felicities therein in the literal sense of some Texts of Scripture which carry in them a more mystical and sacred meaning That in good time but Gods not theirs they shall be made partakers of the several blessings which those Texts do speak of is both the hope and wish of all pious men who cannot chuse but grieve to behold the natural branches so long dismembred and cut off from the Tree of Life And this they neither hope nor wish for but on some fair grounds presented to them by St. Paul who said expressely that when the fulnesse of the Gentiles is once come in that then all Israel shall be saved Rom. 11. 25 26. The words are so plainly positive that they need no Commentary Or if they did we have the general consent of the Antients Besides the constant current of most Modern Writers who cherish the glad hopes of their Conversion to the Gospel which the Apostle doth there aim at Origen Athanasius Hierom Augustine Chrysostome for the Primitive times Beda and Hugo Cardinalis in the times succeeding Farrara and Thomas Aq●…inas for those of Rome Calvin Beza Bullinger and Peter Martyr for the Reformed Churches besides divers others of great note so expound that Text. Nor want there other Texts of Scripture to affi●…m as much which he that doth desire to see may find them with the expositions of most Christian Writers in a Book writ by Doctor Willet entituled De generali novissima Judaeorum vocatione●… And ●…hither I refer the more curious Reader Out of all I shall take these words De illorum salute spes supersit The Jews saith he are not so wholly fallen from the favour of God but that there still remain some hopes of their salvation Of their salvation then by the Gospel of Christ when the fulnesse of the Gentiles is once come in we conceive good hopes but whether there be any of their restitution to their temporal Kingdom is a farther question and not so clearly evidenced in the Book of God though there be somewhat in that Book which may seem to intimate it Th●…t the opinion of being restored by the Messiah to that temporal power which was taken from them by the Romans was prevalent as well amongst Christs Disciples as the rest of the Jews is as I take it clear enough in the Holy Gospel In such a Kingdom and no other do the two sons of Zebedee desire to sit on both hands of their Master And the same was it and no other which all of them expected as appeareth by the words of Cleophas Luke 24. 21. that Christ should have restored unto them We thought said he that This would have proved the man that should have redeemed From what from sin and Satan or the curse and bondage of the Law Not so 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but from the yoke of vassallage which the Romans had so lately imposed on them say the Fathers rightly Touching the same it was that they moved him saying Lord wilt thou at this time restore again the Kingdom of Israel Act. 1. 6. In answer whereunto our Saviour makes them no denial as unto the thing nor tells them that they never must expect such a restauration but only puts them off as unto the Tim●… and bids them rest themselves on the pleasure of God the Father in whose hand the disposing of all Kingdoms was It is not for you saith he to know the times and seasons which the Father hath in his own power ver 7. By which answer as it seems to me there is a possibility of restoring to their Kingdom also though not in the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 at that very instant when they were most desirous to have it done or at any other time sit for them to know that being a secret which the Father hath reserved to Himself alone A Prayer Let the Consideration of these things be unto us as it was sometimes unto an Eminent Divine now with God an occasion of prayer unto God on their behalf saying with him in this or to the like effect O Lord who art righteous in all thy wayes and holy in all thy works we acknowledg and admire the justice of thy proceedings in binding and hardning the Jews as for their manifold impieties soespecially for stoning thy Prophets despising thy Word and crucifying the Lord of Life For which thou hast cursed them according to the prediction of thy Prophet to abide many daies without a King and without a Prince and without a Sacrifice and without an Image and without an Ephod and without Teraphim But thou O Lord how long How long O Lord holy and true How long Lord wilt thou be angrie for ever Thine anger is said to endure but a moment but Lord how many millions of millions of momeuts are contained in sixteen hundred years since thou hast first cast off thy first and antient people the Jews Remember Abraham Isaac and Jacob not for any merit in their persons which