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A64364 Of idolatry a discourse, in which is endeavoured a declaration of, its distinction from superstition, its notion, cause, commencement, and progress, its practice charged on Gentiles, Jews, Mahometans, Gnosticks, Manichees Arians, Socinians, Romanists : as also, of the means which God hath vouchsafed towards the cure of it by the Shechinah of His Son / by Tho. Tenison ... Tenison, Thomas, 1636-1715. 1678 (1678) Wing T704; ESTC R8 332,600 446

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Serpent in the Wilderness even so must the son of man be lifted up 'T is the Son of Man here plainly made the Antitype and not the old Serpent as a learned man would have it destroyed indeed on the Cross but not said by the Scripture to be lifted up upon it And though the Saraph was not Christ yet it was the Symbol by which he appeared and by its stretched-out wings it may seem to the Fancy at least very aptly to express Christs Crucifixion with arms extended If it be here said that to make this Serpent a Saraph and a part of Christs Shechinah is to overthrow that which was suggested before of the concealment of the Seraphim in the Ark and of the Cherubim behind the Veil from the eyes of the people prone to Idolatry this being exposed to their daily sight I answer in two Particulars First It was agreeable to the Wisdom of God to give some Type of Christ as crucified that being one great part of that substance of the Gospel of which the Law was a shadow though he pleased not to do it too plainly in the shape of an humane body on a Cross. And no other Type I think occurreth under Judaism but this of the brazen Saraph Secondly Here was not such occasion of Idolatry as might have been taken from the Ark for that was an Oracle and a Divine Light shone forth and a Divine Voice was heard and signs of Adoration to God were there commanded But this was no Oracle It doth not appear that at this symbol any extraordinary cloud or glory shone that hence any Coelestial thunder was heard Only men were helped in thinking on God by the symbol of an Angel which executeth Gods will on Earth whilst a secret virtue from the unseen God made them whole He that turned himself towards it saith the Book of Wisdom was not saved by any thing that he saw but by Thee that art the Saviour of all And if the people had been then prone to Idolize that Symbol it had not remained undefaced till the days of Hezekiah This then is my conjecture and I offer it no otherwise about the Urim and likewise about the Brazen Serpent For Thummim I imagin it to be a thing of a very differing nature So do they who take it to be deriv'd from the Jewel in the Brest-plate of the High-Priest of Egypt called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 It is true such a Brest-plate there was in Egypt and it is mentioned by Diodorus Siculus and AElian And Diodorus supposeth it to have consisted of many Gems but AElian calleth it an Image made of a Saphire It is also confessed that the Seventy Interpreters do render Thummim by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But here two things are to be observed First This Egyptian Pectoral deserving the name of truth it being put on as an ornament for the Bench in the execution of justice and maintenance of truth as we learn from Diodorus and AElian and not in order to the delivery of Oracles may as well have been taken from the Brest-plate of the High-Priest of the Jews There is no mention of it in Herodotus and before the Graecian times And Diodorus when he speaketh of it he referreth to those days when Heliopolis Thebés and Memphis were the three head-Cities in Egypt out of each of which ten Judges were chosen and for On or Heliopolis it had a publick Temple built in it for the Jews with the consent of Ptolomy Philadelphus by Onias the High-Priest who was then by the power of Antiochus deprived of his Authority and Office in Judaea And concerning the Egyptian Pectoral its name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is plainly modern It may in the second place be observed that upon supposition that this Pectoral was originally Egyptian it doth not follow that the Seventy meant the same thing by their 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that the Egyptians did by theirs It may be rather guessed that those Interpreters translating divers words and phrases which grated on Egyptian matters in such prudential manner that Ptolomy might not be offended as is manifest that they did in several places of their Version they made use of this name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as of a name which would at once recommend them to his favour and well express the sense of Scripture or the meaning of Thummim Now if Urim be Images in the lesser Ark of the Pectoral answering in some sort to the Cherubim on the greater Ark what possibly can Thummim be but a copy of the Moral Law put into the Pectoral a copy written in some Roll or engraven in some stone according to the pattern of the Tables brought down from the Mount for what else was there in the other Ark nothing sure though some Rabbins and after them the learned Hugo Grotius believed otherwise Josephus thought nothing else to be there and he had ground for his opinion from the holy Scriptures For it is said in the first of the Kings That there was nothing in the Ark save the two Tables of stone which Moses put there at Horeb. And this is repeated in the second of Chronicles And to say as some adventure to do that the Manna and the Rod of Aaron were there in the time of Moses and taken out in process of time lest the Manna should putrifie and the Rod be worm-eaten as if they could any-where have been so long preserved without miracle soundeth very like to a Rabbinical whimsey For the places of Scripture alledged by Grotius in favour of his opinion they answer themselves For in Exodus it is not said that Moses commanded Aaron to take a pot of Manna and to put it into the Ark but that he required him to lay it up before the Lord or before the Ark where the Lord by his Shechinah then dwelt Also in Numbers it is not said that God commanded Moses to put the Rod of Aaron into the Ark but that he required him to bring it before the Testimony that is the Ark of the Covenant Wherefore that of the Author to the Hebrews In the Holiest of all was the Ark of the Covenant wherein was the Golden pot that had Manna and Aarons Rod that budded and the Tables of the Covenant must be interpreted as if in signified both in and by So saith Capellus upon the place it is usual for them who live by Rome to say they live in it So in Cariathjarim in the Book of Judges signifieth nigh it They pitched saith the Text in Kiriath-jearim in Judah wherefore they called that place Mahaneh-Dan unto this day behold it is behind Kiriath-jearim Neither doth Gorionides say as Grotius maketh him that the Manna and Rod were in the Ark for he speaketh of the Holiest and saith they were there not determining in what part of it they were placed Thummim was not an Image as the Urim were neither