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A52606 A brief history of the Unitarians, called also Socinians in four letters, written to a friend. Nye, Stephen, 1648?-1719.; Biddle, John, 1615-1662.; Firmin, Thomas, 1632-1697. 1687 (1687) Wing N1505; ESTC R37735 58,564 186

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not for himself or People he cannot die and he deriveth his Power from none but himself But 't is certain that the Lord Christ could not himself without the previous Ordination of the Father confer the prime Dignities of Heaven or of the Church He placed his Safety in the Father's Presence and Help He prayed often and fervently to the Father both for himself and for his Disciples He died and was raised from the dead by the Father After his Resurrection he received of another that great Power which he now injoyeth Matth. 20. 23. To sit on my right Hand and on my left is not mine to give but it shall be given to them for whom it is prepared of my Father John 8. 29. He that sent me is with me and the Father hath not left me alone for I always do those things that please him Luke 22. 42. Father if thou be willing remove this Cup from me Heb. 5. 7. Who in the Days of his Flesh offered up Prayers and Supplications with strong Crying and Tears unto him that was able to save him John 17. 20. Neither pray I for these alone but for them also which shall believe in me through their Word Ephes 1. 19 20. According to the mighty working of his Power which he wrought in Christ when he raised him from the dead Matth. 28. 18. Jesus came and spake to them saying All Power is given to me 7. Jesus Christ is in holy Scripture always spoken of as a distinct and different Person from God and described to be the Son of God and the Image of God Rom. 16. 27. To God only wise be Glory through Jesus Christ. Luke 18. 19. Why callest thou me good there is none good save one that is God. 1 Tim. 2. 5. There is one God and one Mediator between God and Men the Man Jesus Christ. John 13. 18. He that believeth not is condemned already because he hath not believed on the Name of the only begotten Son of God. Luke 1. 35. The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee Blessed Mary and the Power of the Highest shall overshadow thee therefore also or and therefore the Holy thing that is born of thee shall be called the Son of God. Col. 1. 15. The Image of the invisible God. ' Tis. say the Socinians as impossible that the Son or Image of the one true God should himself be that one true God as that the Son should be the Father and the Image that very thing whose Image it is which they take to be simply impossible and contradictory to common sense which Religion came not to destroy but to improve Whereas to these arguings 't is objected that these things are in Holy Scripture spoken of Christ according to only his humane Nature or as he is a Man but that he is also God the Son though united to an humane Nature that is to an humane Soul and Body The Socinians reply that there is in Scripture no real Foundation for such a Conceit that 't is inconsistent with almost all the Texts already cited especially those in which the Lord Christ is spoken of as a distinct and different Person from God and that there are many other Considerations and Passages of holy Scripture which no less than demonstrate it to be false As 8. Because so many Texts expresly declare that only the Father is God John 17. 1 2 3. Father this is Life eternal that they know thee the only true God and Jesus Christ whom thou hast sent or Jesus Christ thy Messenger 1 Cor. 8. 6. But to us there is but one God the Father of whom are all things and we in him and one Lord or Master i. e. Teacher by whom are all things In the Greek thus One Lord Jesus Christ for whom are all things and we for him See the Note on Heb. 1. 2. in the Fourth Letter Eph. 4. 4 5 6. One Spirit one Lord one God and Father of all who is above all 1 Cor. 15. 24. Then 〈◊〉 the End when he Christ ver 23. shall deliver up the Kingdom to God even the Father Jam. 3. 9. Therewith with the Tongue ver 8. bless we God even the Father Rom. 15. 6. With one Mind and with one Mouth glorify God even the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ 9. If Christ were indeed God as well as Man or as Trinitarians speak God the Son incarnate in an humane Nature it had been altogether superfluous to give the Holy Spirit to his said humane Nature as a Director and Guide For what other help could that Nature need which was one Person with as they speak God the Son and in which God the Son did personally dwell Luke 4. 1. Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost departed from Jordan Acts 1. 2. After that he through the Holy Ghost i. e. through direction and motion of the holy Spirit and Inspiration of God had given Commandments unto the Apostles Acts 10. 38. God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost 10. Had the Lord Christ been as Trinitarians speak God the Son joyned to an humane Nature he could not have ascribed his miraculous Works to the Holy Ghost or to the Father dwelling in him but to the Son dwelling in him and united to him Matth. 12. 28. I cast out Devils by the Spirit of God. John 14. 10. The Father that dwelleth in me he doeth the Works John 5. 30. I can do nothing of my self Acts 2. 22. Jesus of Nazareth a Man approved of God among you by Miracles and Wonders and Signs which God did by him in the midst of you 11. Had our Lord been more than a Man the Prophecies of the Old Testament in which he is promised would not describe him barely as the Seed of the Woman the Seed of Abraham a Prophet like unto Moses the Servant and Missionary of God on whom God's Spirit should rest Gen. 3. 5. I will put Enmity between thy Seed and her Seed Her Seed is by all Interpreters understood to be Christ Gen. 22. 18. In thy Seed shall all the Nations of the Earth be blessed This again is universally interpreted of Christ Deut. 18. 18. I will raise them up a Prophet from among their Brethren like unto thee and I will put my Words into his Mouth This is interpreted of our Lord Christ in many Texts of the New Testament as John 1. 45. and Acts 3. 22. and Acts 7. 37. Isai 41. 1. Behold my Servant whom I uphold mine Elect in whom my Soul delighteth I will put my Spirit upon him and he shall bring forth Judgment to the Gentiles This is interpreted of Christ Matth. 12. 17 18. Now that the Holy Ghost or Spirit is only the Power and Inspiration of God at least is not himself God they hold is ascertained by these Considerations 1. The Holy Ghost or Spirit and the Power of God are spoken of as one and the same thing 1 Cor. 2. 4 5. My preaching was not with enticing Words
in and by him performed Works not much less wonderful than was the first Creation And the World knew him not Knew not that the Word abiding on Jesus was that very Divine Word which made both the World and all Men. Ver. 11. He came unto his own i. e. To those whom he had made ver 10. He is to be understood of the Word The Word came in the Person of Christ His own received him not i. e. did not own him for what he indeed was the Divine Word 'T is again repeated to brand the Ingratitude and Stupidity of the Jews of that Age. Ver. 12. Them that believe on his Name On his Name is an Hebrew Phrase as much as to say on him i. e. Them that believed on the Word made Flesh or them that received and owned him for what he indeed was even the Divine Word Ver. 14. And the Word was made Flesh Or For the Word was made Flesh i. e. did abide on and inhabit an humane Person the Person of Jesus Christ and so was in Appearance made Flesh or Man for Flesh is the usual Scripture Phrase for Man Gen. 6. 12. Deut. 5. 26. Jer. 12. 12. Jer. 17. 5. Mark 13. 20. And we beheld his Glory i. e. The Glory of the Man on whom the Word did abide and inhabit in him We beheld his Glory in his many Miracles John 2. 11. Also in his Transfiguration 2. Pet. 1. 17. And on many other occasions The Glory as of the only begotten of the Father i. e. A Glory worthy of the only-begotten of the Father Christ is called the only-begotten on several accounts this especially that he only was begotten by the Divine Power on a Woman Luke 1. 35. Ver. 15. John bare Witness of him saying He was before me i. e. Was before me in Dignity being the only-begotten of God. So Erasmus and Beza as well as Grotius Ver. 18. Which is in the Bosom of the Father i. e. Who is most dear to the Father So the Phrase signifies in other Texts Numb 11. 12. Deut. 13. 6. Hath declared him i. e. hath revealed his Mind and Will to Men. Hitherto for the most part Grotius Briefly The Word according to Grotius is not an eternal Son of God but is here the Power and Wisdom of God which Word abiding without measure on the Lord Christ as it is expresly said Heb. 1. 3. Matth. 28. 18. Col. 2. 3. see the Notes on these Texts 't is therefore spoken of as a Person and as one Person with Christ and he with that This notion of the Word will lead a Man through all the Difficulties of this Chapter with far more ease than any other hitherto offered Besides that it is so well founded as has been shown on ver 1. 't is also as easy and obvious and clears the sense as much as can be expected on a Portion of Scripture that is so obscure and dark and which was designedly written after a mysterious and sublime manner 13. John 2. 19 21. Destroy this Temple and in three Days I will raise it up He spake of the Temple of his Body Answ Christ raised his Body by a Power communicated to Him by the Father and accordingly his being raised is always attributed to the Father not to himself Gal. 1. 1. Paul an Apostle by Jesus Christ and God the Father who raised him from the dead See also Eph. 1. 19 20. 1 Thess 1. 9 10. Had our Lord raised himself by his own proper Power his Resurrection could in no respect be ascribed to the Father 14. John 2. 25. He knew what was in Man. Answ The Knowledg which the Lord Christ had or now in his state of Exaltation hath of the Secrets of Mens Hearts is the pure Gift of and Revelation from God and the Divine Word abiding on him Rev. 1. 1. The Revelation of Jesus Christ which God gave to him to shew unto his Servants John 3. 34. God giveth not the Spirit by measure that is sparingly unto him But see also what they say on Rev. 2. 23. 15. John 3. 13. No Man hath ascended up to Heaven but he that came down from Heaven even the Son of Man which is in Heaven Answ 1. Erasmus Beza Camerarius acknowledg that the Greek should be rendred which was in Heaven Neither so are the Words which was in Heaven an idle Repetition of what went before for it is repeated majoris asseverationis causâ for its greater Confirmation The most learned Orthodox Interpreters understand this ascending into and being in Heaven as also the descending only metaphorically and interpret thus No Man hath ascended up to Heaven No Man hath known the Mind of God our Heavenly Father But he that came down from Heaven i. e. but he that is sent to you as the Messenger of Heaven or of God. Even the Son of Man which is in Heaven i. e. even I whose Meditation and Conversation is in Heaven As St. Paul says of himself Phil. 3. 20. Our Conversation is in Heaven So they interpret the whole Passage of the humane Nature I suppose because our Lord considers and speaks of himself here by the Name only of the Son of Man. But the Socinians do generally understand this Text literally and say that 't is here intimated that before our Lord entred upon his Office of Messias he was taken up to Heaven to be instructed in the Mind and Will of God as Moses was into the Mount Exod. 24. 1 2 12. and from thence descended to execute his Office and declare the said Will of God. The same thing they say is also hinted John 6. 38 46 51 62. John 8. 40. 16. John 3. 18. The only begotten Answ See on John 1. 14. 17. John 5. 19. Whatsoever things He the Father doth those also doth the Son. Answ The Son doth them only by the Spirit or Power of the Father inhabiting in him John 5. 30. I can do nothing of my self John 14. 10. The Father that dwelleth in me He doth the Works Matth. 12. 28. I cast out Devils by the Spirit of God. 18. John 5. 23. That all Men should honour the Son even as they honour the Father Answ The meaning only is as we honour God or the Father so we must not forget to honour also the Son of God because to him the Father hath committed the last Judgment of all Men ver 22. An Equality of Honour is no more intended here than an Equality of Perfection in those words Be ye perfect even as your Father which is in Heaven is perfect Matth. 5. 48. For the sense there is as God is truly perfect so do ye endeavour to be perfect with that Perfection of which your finite Natures are capable 19. John 6. 44. I will raise him up at the last Day Answ The Lord Christ shall raise and change our Bodies by the same Divine Word or Power of God communicated to him and abiding on him by which while he was in this
World that he gave his only begotten Son to die and shed his Blood for us From SIR Your Faithful and Assured A Fourth Letter TO A FRIEND Concerning the UNITARIANS Called also SOCINIANS Containing the Texts objected to them out of the Epistles and Revelation Rom. 1. 25. Who changed the Truth of God into a Lie and worshipped and served the Creature more than the Creator who is blessed for ever Amen Printed in the Year 1687. A Fourth Letter Concerning the Unitarians vulgarly called Socinians SIR WE are come to the last part of our Task the Texts of the Epistles and Revelation and the Answers of the Socinians to them 1. Rom. 1. 3. Jesus Christ our Lord which was made of the Seed of David according to the Flesh Rom. 9. 5. Of whom as concerning the Flesh Christ came who is over all God blessed for ever Amen Answ 1. It is very probable by the Syriae and by some Passages in Ignatius and other Fathers that the word God was not originally in this Text for they read it thus Of whom as concerning the Flesh Christ came who is blessed above all for ever 2. But admitting the reading in the vulgar Editions of the Greek the Greek Words as Erasmus and Curcellaeus observe should have been thus translated Of whom as concerning the Flesh Christ came God who is over all be blessed for ever For the Words are a Thanksgiving for Christ and for his Exaltation The Addition of the word Amen proper in Prayers and Thanksgivings doth much countenance this Translation 3. These Words according to the Flesh and as concerning the Flesh never signify as Trinitarians would here interpret them according to his humane Nature as if Christ had also a Divine Nature Rom. 9. 3. My Kinsmen according to the Flesh Rom. 4. 1. Abraham our Father as pertaining to the Flesh Col. 3. 22. Servants obey in all things your Masters according to the Flesh Had now Abraham or Paul's Kinsmen or have Masters a Divine Nature because these Words according to the Flesh and as pertaining to the Flesh are used of them The Truth is these Phrases are only as much as to say according to the Body and are to signify that Abraham is the Father of the Jews according to their Bodies as God is the Father of their Souls or Spirits and that the Jews were Paul's Kinsmen according to the Body but not of Kin to him in Respect of Likeness in Faith or Manners also that Masters are Masters over our Bodies not of our Minds or Spirits Therefore in the other Texts also where Christ is said to be of the Seed of Abraham of Israel and of David according to the Flesh the meaning can only be that as to his Body or outward Man he descended of the House of David and of the Stock of Israel and Abraham his Soul or Spirit being from God. 2. Rom. 2. 16. God shall judg the Secrets of Men by Jesus Christ 1 Cor. 4. 5. Who both will bring to light the hidden things of Darkness and will make manifest the Counsels of Hearts Answ The Knowledg Christ hath or at the last Judgment shall have of the Secrets of Hearts is purely by Revelation from God and the Divine Word communicated to him Rev. 1. 1. The Revelation of Jesus Christ which God gave to him to shew unto his Servants 3. Rom. 10. 12. The same Lord over all is rich unto all that call upon him Answ This and what follows is spoken of God not of Christ 4. 1 Cor. 1. 2 3. All that in every place call upon the Name of Jesus Christ Ver. 3. Grace be to you and Peace from God our Father and from the Lord Jesus Answ 1. As to the former of these Texts see on Acts 9. 14 21. For all that is there said takes place here also 2. But as to ver 3. It shows plainly that Christ is not God for it speaks of him as a distinct and different Person from God Therefore Grace and Peace is wished to the Corinthians from God as the Author of every good and perfect Gift and from Christ to use the Words of Origen as the Procurer by his Intercession with God. 5. 1 Cor. 6. 9. Your Body is the Temple of the Holy Ghost 2 Cor. 6. 16. Ye are Temples of the living God. Answ The Holy Ghost or Spirit being the Inspiration and Power of God the same Bodies that are Temples of one must needs be Temples also of the other 6. 1 Cor. 10. 9. Neither let us tempt Christ as some of them also tempted and were destroyed of Serpents It had been said before at ver 4. They drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them and that Rock was Christ Answ 1. The Rock was Christ not really but in Signification it signified and prefigured Christ for which reason 't is called a spiritual Rock So St. Austin contr Advers Leg. et Prophet l. 2. c. 6. This Interpretation is confirmed by Instances of like Nature Gen. 41. 26. The seven good Kine are seven Years and the seven good Ears are seven Years that is they signify and prefigure seven Years of plenty This Rock prefigured Christ as he is the true Rock of his People and Church Its Waters also signified Christ for as they were the Refreshment and Life of the Israelites in the Wilderness so is Christ of the true Israel of God in the howling Wilderness of this present World. 2. Whereas we are bid at ver 9. not to tempt Christ 't is to be noted that the ancient and true reading of this Text is Let us not tempt God. S. Epiphanius hath left upon record that it was the Heretick Marcion who corrupted this Text by putting Christ for God in the Copies by him published Epiphan L. 1. T. 3. p. 358. Edit Petav. But admitting the reading in the English Bibles yet the sense will be Let us not tempt that is murmur against Christ as the Israelites tempted or murmured against God in the Wilderness That tempting God and Christ is rightly interpreted by murmuring against them appears by Numb 14. 27 28 29. 7. 1 Cor. 12. 4 5 6 11. There are Diversities of Gifts but the same Spirit Differences of Administrations but the same Lord Diversities of Operations but it is the same God which worketh all in all All these worketh that one and the same Spirit Answ The plain meaning is God and his Spirit that is God by his Spirit and Inspiration worketh that great Diversity of Gifts Prophecy Tongues Healing which were in the Christians of those times and that though there are different Administrations that is Orders of Men in the Church yet they are all under one Lord or Head even Christ 8. 2 Cor. 8. 9. Ye know the Grace of our Lord Jesus Christ that though he was rich yet for our sakes he became poor that we through his Poverty might become rich Answ The sense is Such was the Favour and Love of Christ to Mankind that in his