eden_n to_o till_o the_o ground_n we_o see_v likewise_o the_o scripture_n call_v it_o husbandry_n noah_n be_v call_v a_o husbandman_n when_o he_o plant_v a_o vineyard_n gen._n 9.20_o god_n bless_v for_o ever_o be_v call_v a_o husbandman_n for_o that_o he_o prune_v purge_v and_o order_v his_o mystical_a vine-tree_n the_o church_n joh._n 15.1_o so_o that_o i_o shall_v keep_v the_o phrase_n throughout_o the_o work_n i_o have_v see_v i_o suppose_v the_o best_a work_n both_o of_o ancient_a and_o late_a writer_n upon_o this_o subject_a and_o have_v learn_v from_o they_o what_o i_o can_v for_o the_o accomplish_n of_o this_o art_n and_o have_v observe_v the_o practice_n and_o experiment_n of_o many_o from_o time_n to_o time_n concern_v it_o and_o have_v improve_v they_o to_o my_o own_o advantage_n and_o likewise_o i_o have_v set_v myself_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o this_o work_n about_o thirty_o and_o seven_o year_n endeavour_v to_o find_v out_o thing_n of_o use_n and_o profit_n by_o practice_n and_o experience_n that_o i_o may_v speak_v upon_o better_a and_o sure_a ground_n than_o some_o other_o who_o have_v write_v upon_o this_o subject_a for_o experience_n guide_v and_o inform_v reason_n in_o many_o thing_n in_o which_o without_o experience_n it_o will_v often_o err_v some_o who_o have_v teach_v this_o art_n of_o plant_v fruit-tree_n have_v be_v in_o it_o only_o contemplative_a man_n have_v little_a or_o no_o experience_n in_o it_o so_o that_o in_o many_o thing_n they_o have_v err_v and_o that_o gross_o as_o shall_v appear_v in_o due_a place_n see_v pag._n 165_o 166_o etc._n etc._n a_o learned_a author_n say_v the_o write_n of_o speculative_a man_n upon_o active_a matter_n for_o the_o most_o part_n seem_v to_o man_n of_o experience_n to_o be_v but_o as_o dream_n and_o dotage_n study_v and_o practise_v by_o degree_n frame_v new_a art_n and_o add_v to_o the_o old_a per_n vary_v usus_fw-la meditando_fw-la extunderet_fw-la art_fw-la paulatim_fw-la experience_n be_v call_v the_o perfect_a of_o art_n and_o the_o most_o sure_a and_o best_a teacher_n in_o any_o art_n contemplation_n and_o action_n be_v the_o two_o leg_n whereon_o art_n run_v steedy_o and_o strong_o and_o the_o one_o without_o the_o other_o can_v but_o hop_v or_o go_v â—amely_o they_o be_v the_o two_o eye_n wherewith_o man_n see_v nature_n secret_n clear_o but_o the_o one_o alone_o discern_v but_o dim_o and_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o some_o who_o be_v only_a contemplator_n of_o nature_n without_o experience_n and_o will_v needs_o adventure_v to_o write_v and_o give_v instruction_n touch_v the_o practic_n part_n of_o plant_v fruit-tree_n have_v in_o many_o thing_n as_o the_o aforesaid_a author_n say_v present_v we_o with_o smoke_n instead_o of_o the_o lucide_n flame_n of_o light_n they_o have_v indeed_o show_v we_o a_o comely_a and_o beautiful_a body_n paint_v according_a to_o art_n but_o yet_o lifeless_a and_o without_o a_o spirit_n and_o have_v offer_v we_o shell_n and_o husk_n instead_o of_o kernel_n but_o now_o speculation_n and_o action_n be_v as_o soul_n and_o body_n unite_v which_o labour_v together_o work_v out_o both_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n many_o advantage_n to_o ourselves_o and_o other_o experience_n as_o a_o philosopher_n say_v be_v the_o root_n of_o art_n and_o it_o may_v well_o be_v so_o call_v from_o which_o spring_v a_o numerous_a multitude_n of_o new_a experiment_n for_o from_o one_o root_n or_o single_a experiment_n though_o perhaps_o a_o poor_a and_o mean_a one_o in_o itself_o if_o thorough_o weigh_v with_o reason_n and_o judgement_n may_v arise_v many_o rich_a and_o rare_a invention_n and_o it_o be_v most_o true_a which_o the_o lord_n bacon_n say_v to_o this_o purpose_n as_o through_o a_o small_a hole_n or_o cranny_n a_o man_n may_v see_v great_a object_n so_o through_o small_a and_o contemptible_a instance_n man_n may_v see_v great_a axiom_n singular_a secret_n of_o nature_n man_n will_v labour_v hard_a and_o a_o long_a time_n in_o some_o labour_v full_a of_o hazard_n and_o danger_n and_o perhaps_o unjust_a too_o and_o all_o for_o a_o little_a profit_n but_o here_o in_o this_o employment_n man_n may_v with_o a_o little_a labour_n in_o a_o short_a time_n without_o hazard_n or_o danger_n and_o that_o just_o obtain_v great_a and_o many_o profit_n and_o those_o with_o pleasure_n superad_v work_n and_o labour_n which_o have_v in_o they_o but_o a_o vain_a and_o unprofitable_a pleasure_n be_v approve_v but_o only_o of_o some_o sensual_a person_n and_o such_o labour_n as_o have_v but_o only_a profit_n and_o do_v not_o ease_v the_o pain_n with_o some_o pleasantness_n in_o they_o be_v yet_o harsh_a and_o dislike_v of_o many_o but_o such_o as_o yield_v both_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n be_v universal_o like_v and_o allow_v of_o all_o according_a to_o the_o poet_n omne_fw-la tulit_fw-la punctum_fw-la qui_fw-la miscuit_fw-la utile_fw-la dulci._n either_o of_o these_o be_v the_o better_a because_o of_o the_o other_o join_v with_o it_o when_o they_o run_v along_o hand_n in_o hand_n the_o profit_n be_v the_o more_o because_o of_o the_o pleasure_n and_o the_o pleasure_n be_v more_o because_o of_o the_o profit_n now_o therefore_o that_o man_n may_v obtain_v yearly_a a_o plentiful_a harvest_n of_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o remove_v whatsoever_o may_v hinder_v and_o have_v lay_v down_o some_o argument_n of_o encouragement_n to_o set_v upon_o and_o prosecute_v the_o mean_n to_o obtain_v they_o discover_v the_o best_a way_n i_o can_v find_v out_o how_o they_o may_v be_v get_v with_o most_o speed_n and_o keep_v with_o most_o security_n if_o any_o man_n think_v the_o divine_a and_o humane_a argument_n precede_v the_o work_n to_o be_v needless_a because_o general_o man_n know_v that_o plant_v fruit-tree_n be_v a_o very_a profitable_a work_n none_o doubt_v it_o i_o answer_v some_o know_v it_o by_o experience_n many_o other_o do_v not_o and_o although_o man_n be_v convince_v of_o the_o profitableness_n of_o the_o work_n yet_o there_o be_v need_n of_o some_o quicken_a motive_n to_o it_o as_o to_o some_o person_n and_o i_o know_v none_o more_o prevalent_a than_o those_o take_v from_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n consider_v in_o so_o great_a and_o so_o many_o respect_n accept_v of_o what_o be_v make_v ready_a at_o present_a which_o as_o it_o may_v be_v profitable_a to_o some_o in_o respect_n of_o encouragement_n and_o direction_n in_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o work_n so_o also_o i_o desire_v it_o may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o stir_v up_o other_o to_o do_v something_o in_o the_o like_a kind_n for_o public_a profit_n there_o be_v many_o good_a wit_n exercise_v about_o toy_n and_o trifle_n some_o man_n bestow_v excessive_a time_n cost_n and_o labour_n about_o mere_a shadow_n empty_a speculation_n and_o well_o deserve_v marshal_n motto_n turpe_fw-la est_fw-la difficiles_fw-la habere_fw-la nugas_fw-la et_fw-la stultus_fw-la labour_n est_fw-la ineptiarum_fw-la while_o they_o may_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n by_o the_o study_n and_o practise_v of_o this_o art_n in_o search_v out_o many_o hide_a secret_n of_o nature_n and_o experiment_n much_o advantage_n themselves_o and_o many_o other_o both_o in_o respect_n of_o temporal_n and_o spiritual_n a_o ancient_a author_n say_v not_o he_o that_o know_v many_o thing_n but_o he_o that_o know_v thing_n fruitful_a be_v wise._n this_o art_n be_v a_o full_a store_n house_n out_o of_o which_o may_v be_v bring_v both_o meat_n drink_v and_o money_n it_o be_v a_o rich_a mine_n without_o bound_n or_o bottom_n out_o of_o which_o we_o may_v dig_v profit_n and_o pleasure_n great_a and_o many_o and_o worthy_a the_o study_n and_o labour_n of_o the_o most_o wise_a and_o learned_a and_o may_v be_v call_v the_o philosophers-stone_n virtual_o and_o effectual_o though_o not_o proper_o for_o it_o turn_v by_o the_o help_n of_o nature_n though_o not_o metal_n yet_o trees_n and_o fruit_n yea_o earth_n and_o water_n into_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o a_o short_a time_n the_o good_a of_o this_o employment_n both_o in_o the_o theoric_n and_o practic_n part_n spread_v itself_o over_o all_o place_n in_o the_o world_n to_o all_o person_n in_o the_o world_n from_o the_o cradle_n to_o the_o grave_a from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n to_o the_o end_n of_o it_o so_o that_o no_o work_n can_v be_v more_o universal_o good_a than_o this_o now_o therefore_o see_v there_o be_v so_o much_o profit_n and_o advantage_n to_o be_v receive_v from_o this_o employment_n of_o plant_v fruit-tree_n both_o in_o temporal_a and_o spiritual_a respect_n let_v we_o set_v about_o it_o and_o labour_n in_o it_o either_o with_o body_n or_o mind_n or_o both_o that_o thereby_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o public_a profit_n together_o with_o our_o own_o advantage_n may_v be_v promote_v the_o blessing_n of_o god_n go_v along_o with_o we_o and_o give_v the_o increase_n in_o all_o
moâ—e_n into_o the_o shoot_n and_o make_v they_o large_a tâ—en_n if_o it_o bear_v fruit_n and_o the_o issue_n as_o to_o â—earing_v more_o or_o better_a fruit_n will_v be_v nothing_o worth_a there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o graft_a for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v meliorate_a fruit_n 452._o the_o cause_n be_v manifest_a for_o that_o the_o nourishment_n be_v better_a prepare_v in_o the_o stock_n then_o in_o the_o crudâ—_n earth_n graft_v do_v not_o at_o all_o meliorate_a the_o fruit_n simple_o in_o its_o self_n observation_n for_o a_o tree_n will_v not_o be_v the_o better_a for_o graft_v unless_o the_o graft_n be_v take_v from_o a_o good_a tree_n if_o the_o tree_n from_o which_o graft_n be_v cut_v be_v no_o better_o than_o the_o tree_n which_o be_v graft_v then_o graft_v will_v not_o a_o jot_n mend_v the_o fruit_n which_o it_o will_v if_o graft_v be_v any_o thing_n towards_o the_o better_n of_o the_o fruit_n the_o cause_n why_o graft_a tree_n bear_v better_a fruit_n then_o wild_a ungraft_v tree_n be_v not_o because_o they_o be_v graft_v but_o because_o the_o graft_n be_v good_a the_o tree_n from_o which_o the_o graft_n be_v cut_v be_v of_o a_o good_a kind_n and_o nature_n and_o every_o twig_n graft_n and_o bud_n have_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o tree_n in_o it_o perfect_o the_o property_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v in_o all_o and_o every_o part_n as_o the_o soul_n in_o the_o body_n which_o iâ—_n tota_fw-la in_o toto_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la in_o qualibet_fw-la parte_fw-la use_v the_o graft_n retain_v the_o nature_n and_o property_n be_v graft_v upon_o wild_a stock_n and_o bring_v forth_o â—uits_v according_o â—nd_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o graft_v do_v memorate_v the_o fruit_n and_o not_o because_o the_o nourishment_n be_v better_a prepare_v in_o the_o stock_n then_o â—n_v the_o crude_a earth_n for_o the_o branch_n of_o a_o engraft_a tree_n do_v no_o more_o receive_v nourishment_n from_o the_o crude_a earth_n than_o the_o branch_n of_o a_o graft_a tree_n but_o the_o sap_n and_o nourishment_n pass_v up_o a_o body_n or_o stock_n to_o the_o branch_n in_o the_o one_o as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o other_o and_o as_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o peach_n and_o molocotone_n as_o the_o author_n say_v do_v bear_v good_a fruit_n come_v up_o of_o stone_n which_o be_v not_o always_o so_o neither_o only_o here_o and_o there_o one_o so_o it_o be_v true_a also_o that_o they_o bear_v as_o good_a fruit_n of_o the_o bud_n be_v inoculate_v 453._o it_o have_v be_v receive_v that_o a_o small_a pear_n graft_v upon_o a_o stock_n that_o bear_v a_o great_a pear_n will_v become_v great_a etc._n etc._n observation_n it_o be_v true_a as_o the_o author_n think_v that_o this_o will_v not_o succeed_v because_o the_o graft_n do_v govern_v they_o always_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n answerable_a to_o their_o own_o nature_n and_o kind_n else_o it_o be_v to_o little_a purpose_n to_o get_v graft_n from_o such_o or_o such_o a_o good_a tree_n to_o have_v more_o of_o the_o kind_n yet_o it_o be_v true_a also_o that_o the_o stock_n have_v some_o influence_n upon_o the_o graft_n so_o as_o to_o make_v the_o fruit_n better_o or_o worse_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o stock_n in_o some_o small_a degree_n as_o if_o we_o graft_v upon_o a_o stock_n that_o natural_o bear_v a_o sour_a harsh_a fruit_n the_o fruit_n of_o the_o graft_n will_v not_o be_v altogether_o so_o pleasant_a as_o if_o it_o be_v graft_v upon_o a_o stock_n that_o bear_v natural_o a_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a fruit_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o pear_n graft_v upon_o quince-stock_n will_v be_v more_o delicate_a then_o upon_o pear-stock_n the_o quince-stock_n give_v a_o excellent_a taste_n to_o it_o but_o these_o tree_n upon_o quince_n will_v never_o attain_v to_o any_o great_a bigness_n for_o all_o quince-tree_n be_v but_o small_a in_o comparison_n of_o pear-tree_n and_o where_o the_o stock_n can_v be_v but_o small_a the_o graft_n can_v be_v great_a yet_o as_o i_o have_v see_v it_o somewhat_o big_a than_o the_o stock_n as_o for_o a_o pear_n upon_o a_o thorn_n which_o this_o author_n speak_v of_o it_o can_v be_v good_a it_o make_v it_o a_o harsh_a hard_a pear_n at_o the_o core_n if_o it_o thrive_v and_o bear_v but_o most_o common_o they_o die_v in_o two_o or_o three_o year_n we_o know_v its_o natural_a fruit_n hawes_n have_v stone_n in_o they_o but_o for_o the_o apple_n upon_o the_o crab_n that_o be_v natural_a the_o crab_n be_v a_o wild_a apple_n and_o very_o proper_a to_o graft_v all_o sort_n of_o apple_n upon_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o soundness_n of_o the_o stock_n its_o long_a last_a and_o aptness_n to_o take_v with_o graft_n and_o also_o to_o grow_v when_o set_v in_o the_o ground_n although_o it_o be_v true_a it_o make_v the_o fruit_n somewhat_o more_o tart_a than_o the_o same_o fruit_n upon_o sweet_a apple-stock_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o seed_n of_o some_o apple_n and_o pear_n bring_v forth_o very_o good_a fruit_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o i_o suppose_v be_v for_o that_o the_o stock_n whereon_o these_o fruit_n be_v graft_v or_o inoculate_v be_v good_a kind_n of_o themselves_o kind_n that_o come_v good_a of_o seed_n former_o and_o if_o so_o no_o marvel_n though_o the_o seed_n bring_v forth_o good_a fruit_n without_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v and_o upon_o the_o experience_n peach-stone_n have_v bring_v forth_o a_o paltry_a naughty_a fruit_n many_o of_o they_o though_o some_o good_a as_o concern_v the_o graft_a of_o a_o apple_n cion_n upon_o a_o sallow_a poplar_n alder_n elm_n or_o horse-plum_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o try_v for_o trial_n have_v be_v make_v upon_o stock_n near_o in_o kind_n than_o these_o and_o it_o will_v not_o come_v to_o perfection_n they_o will_v grow_v a_o year_n or_o two_o it_o may_v be_v and_o then_o decay_n and_o die_v 452._o flower_n remove_v wax_v great_a because_o the_o nourishment_n be_v more_o easy_o come_v by_o in_o the_o loose_a earth_n it_o may_v be_v that_o often_o regraft_v of_o the_o same_o cion_n may_v likewise_o make_v fruit_n great_a observation_n to_o remove_v flower_n small_a young_a root_n into_o good_a fresh_a earth_n will_v improve_v they_o in_o growth_n and_o bigness_n especial_o if_o withal_o some_o of_o the_o side-slips_a and_o also_o of_o the_o bud_n which_o the_o root_n shoot_v up_o for_o flower_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o some_o half_n a_o dozen_o or_o half_o a_o score_n of_o the_o bud_n or_o shoot_v be_v leave_v to_o grow_v upon_o the_o root_n the_o root_n then_o will_v be_v able_a to_o give_v plentiful_a nourishment_n to_o they_o whereby_o they_o will_v become_v much_o large_a then_o if_o all_o the_o spindle_n bud_n be_v suffer_v to_o grow_v but_o as_o for_o often_o regraft_v the_o same_o graft_n in_o order_n to_o make_v a_o large_a fruit_n this_o will_v not_o do_v it_o for_o we_o see_v it_o be_v constant_o do_v from_o year_n to_o year_n for_o what_o else_o be_v the_o cut_n of_o graft_n from_o young_a tree_n it_o may_v be_v of_o two_o or_o three_o or_o but_o of_o one_o year_n growth_n and_o graft_v they_o again_o upon_o stock_n and_o repeat_v this_o for_o many_o year_n together_o and_o yet_o we_o know_v the_o graft_n hold_v their_o own_o natural_a property_n from_o one_o year_n to_o another_o and_o though_o there_o be_v as_o have_v be_v say_v some_o small_a alteration_n according_a to_o the_o kind_n of_o the_o stock_n while_o it_o grow_v upon_o it_o yet_o that_o alteration_n be_v lose_v and_o fall_v off_o when_o the_o graft_n be_v engraft_v upon_o another_o stock_n and_o the_o graft_n retain_v its_o own_o natural_a property_n only_o with_o some_o small_a addition_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o stock_n on_o which_o it_o at_o present_a grow_v 455._o it_o make_v fig_n better_a if_o a_o figtree_n when_o it_o begin_v to_o put_v forth_o leave_v have_v his_o top_n cut_v off_o observation_n if_o the_o figtree_n be_v very_o old_a cut_v off_o the_o top_n may_v be_v profitable_a for_o that_o such_o cut_v as_o in_o all_o other_o tree_n make_v the_o sap_n shoot_v forth_o into_o branch_n more_o vigorous_o than_o otherwise_o it_o will_v by_o which_o lively_a rise_n of_o sap_n the_o whole_a tree_n and_o the_o fruit_n upon_o it_o fare_v the_o better_o but_o if_o the_o top_n of_o young_a tree_n be_v cut_v off_o figtree_n or_o other_o there_o will_v shoot_v forth_o in_o the_o room_n thereof_o such_o huge_a strong_a shoot_n that_o the_o main_a stream_n of_o sap_n will_v run_v that_o way_n which_o great_a shoot_n will_v be_v for_o a_o year_n or_o two_o it_o may_v be_v unfruitful_a 456._o it_o be_v report_v that_o mulberry_n will_v be_v fair_a and_o the_o tree_n more_o fruitful_a if_o you_o bear_v the_o trunk_n of_o the_o tree_n through_o in_o several_a place_n
strong_o and_o the_o bud_n and_o blossom_n breathe_v forth_o precious_a and_o pleasant_a odour_n rejoice_v and_o delight_v the_o inward_a and_o outward_a sense_n promise_v a_o plentiful_a harvest_n of_o fruit_n in_o autumn_n and_o all_o the_o summer_n long_a joy_n be_v cherish_v with_o cool_a fresh_a air_n sing_v of_o bird_n sight_n of_o abundance_n of_o fruit_n burd'n_v all_o the_o the_o tree_n delight_v the_o eye_n with_o their_o beautiful_a form_n and_o colour_n and_o in_o autumn_n joy_n be_v renew_v again_o with_o a_o rich_a and_o plentiful_a harvest_n of_o fruit_n and_o all_o the_o winter_n long_a joy_n be_v nourish_v and_o feed_v with_o a_o free_a use_n of_o all_o the_o fruit_n and_o wine_n and_o delicate_n make_v of_o they_o so_o here_o be_v a_o succession_n of_o joy_n one_o follow_v on_o the_o neck_n of_o another_o whereby_o the_o spirit_n be_v still_o keep_v in_o a_o cheerful_a temper_n and_o condition_n and_o work_v powerful_o on_o the_o grosser_n part_n of_o the_o body_n conduce_v to_o long-life_n concern_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o rejoice_v in_o earthly_a blessing_n with_o a_o caution_n see_v afterward_o another_o affection_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o in_o this_o employment_n work_v powerful_o upon_o the_o spirit_n for_o long_a life_n 225._o be_v admiration_n the_o lord_n bacon_n say_v admiration_n and_o light_a contemplation_n be_v very_o powerful_a to_o the_o prolongation_n of_o lief_a this_o affection_n ascend_v a_o step_n high_o than_o the_o other_o two_o for_o as_o joy_n rise_v high_a than_o hope_n so_o admiration_n high_o than_o joy._n it_o be_v our_o duty_n to_o admire_v god_n in_o his_o work_n which_o be_v a_o step_n high_o than_o simple_o to_o praise_v he_o when_o we_o look_v upon_o the_o work_n of_o a_o skilful_a artificer_n and_o commend_v it_o it_o be_v for_o his_o credit_n but_o when_o we_o admire_v and_o wonder_v at_o it_o this_o be_v a_o high_a commendation_n the_o holy_a prophet_n will_v have_v we_o search_v out_o and_o wonder_n at_o the_o the_o work_n of_o god_n ps._n 111_o 2._o the_o work_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v great_a seek_v out_o of_o all_o they_o that_o have_v pleasure_n therein_o vers._n 3._o his_o work_n be_v honourable_a and_o glorious_a and_o he_o call_v we_o to_o this_o duty_n of_o admiration_n o_o come_v hither_o and_o behold_v the_o work_n of_o god_n how_o wonderful_a he_o be_v in_o his_o do_n ps._n 111.4_o he_o have_v so_o do_v his_o marvellous_a work_n that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v have_v in_o remembrance_n now_o in_o this_o employment_n of_o plant_v fruit-tree_n be_v many_o thing_n to_o be_v see_v and_o understand_v to_o cause_v admiration_n which_o work_v effectual_o upon_o the_o spirit_n for_o long-life_n baptist_n port_n speak_v of_o the_o wonderful_a effect_n of_o graft_a 17._o say_v it_o be_v a_o ádmirable_a art_n and_o the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o husbandman_n work_n artem_fw-la insitionis_fw-la admirabilem_fw-la esse_fw-la ac_fw-la totius_fw-la agriculturae_fw-la nobilissimam_fw-la partem_fw-la volupâ—tuosam_fw-la utilem_fw-la etc._n etc._n when_o he_o consider_v thaâ—_n strange_a effect_n of_o graft_a he_o fall_v a_o wonder_v o_o mira_fw-la insitionis_fw-la potestas_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o mizaldus_n speak_v of_o graft_v say_v insitionis_fw-la open_a artificiosâ_fw-la multa_fw-la ad_fw-la stuporem_fw-la usquâ—_fw-la miranda_fw-la fiâ—ri_fw-la many_o thing_n may_v be_v do_v even_o to_o admiration_n austin_n wonder_v at_o these_o thing_n qui_fw-la majus_fw-la mirabiliusque_fw-la spectaculum_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la cuâ—_n positis_fw-la seminibus_fw-la plantatis_fw-la surculis_fw-la &_o c_o 〈◊〉_d exiguo_fw-la grano_fw-la mirabilior_fw-la praestantior_fw-la que_fw-la viâ—_n est_fw-la etc._n etc._n what_o more_o strange_a thing_n be_v to_o 〈◊〉_d see_v in_o nature_n then_o to_o be_v sow_v seed_n set_v and_o graft_v young_a plant_n and_o suâ—_n like_o work_n in_o a_o small_a seed_n there_o be_v a_o wonderful_a and_o admirable_a power_n and_o virtue_n many_o strange_a thing_n may_v be_v find_v in_o this_o employment_n will_v it_o not_o cause_v admiration_n to_o consider_v that_o a_o huge_a and_o mighty_a body_n the_o big_a of_o all_o body_n whatsoever_o that_o have_v life_n do_v arise_v of_o a_o small_a kernel_n or_o seed_n that_o that_o seed_n shall_v contain_v in_o it_o virtual_o or_o potential_o a_o great_a tree_n with_o all_o the_o property_n of_o it_o and_o retain_v its_o nature_n exact_o in_o every_o particular_a will_v it_o not_o cause_v admiration_n to_o see_v goodly_a wholesome_a and_o beautiful_a fruit_n come_v forth_o of_o rough_a and_o crooked_a tree_n especial_o to_o observe_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o come_n forth_o the_o care_n that_o nature_n take_v to_o secure_v and_o preserve_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o fruit_n by_o cover_v it_o with_o the_o bud_n blossom_n skin_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o fruit_n with_o the_o core_n stones_n or_o shell_n and_o also_o with_o the_o leaf_n of_o the_o tree_n will_v it_o not_o cause_v admiration_n to_o consider_v that_o the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o a_o great_a tree_n be_v enclose_v and_o lie_v in_o every_o small_a twig_n yea_o in_o every_o bud_n of_o the_o tree_n even_o in_o the_o least_o bud_n yea_o in_o the_o root_n of_o that_o least_o bud_n in_o some_o no_o big_a than_o a_o pin_n point_n which_o bud_n be_v set_v on_o a_o small_a plant_n according_a to_o art_n will_v grow_v to_o a_o tree_n in_o all_o respect_v like_a to_o that_o whence_o it_o be_v take_v will_v it_o not_o cause_v admiration_n to_o consider_v how_o many_o several_a substance_n be_v make_v of_o one_o simple_a substance_n for_o of_o the_o sap_n of_o tree_n be_v make_v the_o bark_n wood_n pith_n leave_n bud_n blossom_n stalk_n fruit_n and_o seed_n will_v it_o not_o cause_v admiration_n to_o consider_v that_o graft_n and_o bud_n set_v upon_o wild_a stock_n such_o as_o natural_o bring_v forth_o sour_a harsh_a and_o naughty_a fruit_n that_o though_o the_o graft_n and_o bud_n be_v nourish_v by_o that_o harsh_a and_o different_a sap_n and_o receive_v all_o their_o substance_n and_o growth_n from_o it_o that_o yet_o these_o graft_n and_o bud_n shall_v retain_v their_o own_o nature_n and_o not_o be_v alter_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o stock_n whereon_o they_o grow_v but_o have_v power_n to_o digest_v change_n and_o assimilate_v this_o harsh_a and_o sour_a sap_n into_o their_o own_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a nature_n and_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n according_o will_v it_o not_o cause_v admiration_n to_o see_v little_a small_a plant_n of_o but_o two_o year_n old_a and_o some_o but_o of_o one_o year_n if_o graft_v to_o hang_v full_a of_o fruit_n and_o to_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v they_o forth_o to_o their_o natural_a bigness_n and_o goodness_n and_o notwithstanding_o to_o make_v a_o large_a and_o sufficient_a growth_n the_o same_o year_n will_v it_o not_o cause_v admiration_n to_o see_v the_o busy_a and_o industrious_a bee_n to_o gather_v huny_n evenfrom_o the_o flower_n or_o blossom_n of_o bitter_a almond-tree_n and_o other_o flowerâ—_n and_o plant_n that_o to_o our_o sense_n be_v bitter_a and_o unpleasant_a will_v it_o not_o cause_v admiration_n to_o see_v very_o many_o 85._o and_o very_o great_a fruit_n hang_v upon_o only_o one_o small_a and_o slender_a twig_n a_o great_a author_n note_v it_o for_o a_o strange_a thing_n that_o all_o the_o nourishment_n which_o produce_v sometime_o such_o great_a fruit_n shall_v be_v force_v to_o pass_v through_o so_o narrow_a neck_n as_o the_o stalk_n of_o the_o fruit._n but_o may_v it_o not_o be_v account_v a_o more_o strange_a thing_n to_o see_v five_o or_o six_o or_o more_o fair_a and_o large_a fruit_n to_o hang_v upon_o a_o slender_a twig_n little_o big_a than_o the_o stalk_n of_o each_o particular_a fruit_n grow_v on_o it_o will_v it_o not_o cause_v admiration_n to_o see_v one_o tree_n hang_v full_a of_o different_a and_o several_a kind_n of_o fruit_n as_o a_o appletree_n with_o all_o or_o maâ—y_v kind_n of_o apple_n or_o a_o cherrytree_n with_o â—ll_a or_o many_o kind_n of_o cherry_n so_o of_o other_o kind_n of_o tree_n to_o see_v one_o tree_n hang_v full_a of_o fruit_n different_a in_o their_o form_n colour_n leave_n and_o blossom_n which_o may_v be_v do_v by_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v so_o many_o several_a kind_n of_o bud_n or_o graft_n upon_o one_o tree_n will_v it_o not_o cause_v admiration_n to_o stand_v upon_o a_o mount_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o fair_a large_a orchard_n in_o the_o spring_n time_n and_o to_o behold_v round_o about_o a_o multitude_n of_o several_a sort_n of_o fruit-tree_n full_a of_o beautiful_a blossom_n different_a in_o their_o shape_n and_o colour_n ravish_v the_o sense_n with_o their_o sweet_a odour_n and_o within_o a_o while_n turn_v into_o fair_a and_o goodly_a fruit_n of_o divers_a colour_n and_o kind_n the_o fruit-tree_n gorgeous_o array_v with_o green_a leaf_n and_o various_a colour_a fruit_n as_o with_o so_o many_o
be_v the_o most_o wholesome_a drink_n for_o melancholic_a person_n and_o excel_v all_o other_o liquor_n in_o goodness_n and_o the_o cider_n of_o pippin_n and_o pearmains_n be_v most_o commend_v by_o some_o as_o contain_v in_o they_o more_o of_o the_o balsamum_n of_o nature_n than_o other_o apple_n et_fw-la humidum_fw-la radical_a oleosum_fw-la spiritus_fw-la vitalis_fw-la vigore_fw-la impregnatum_fw-la preserve_v the_o radical_a moisture_n and_o vital_a spirit_n of_o the_o body_n which_o do_v singular_o preserve_v health_n ad_fw-la extremum_fw-la usque_fw-la senium_fw-la to_o very_o old_a age._n second_o as_o learned_a physician_n do_v approve_v of_o it_o for_o the_o most_o wholesome_a drink_n so_o also_o experience_n speak_v and_o prove_v the_o same_o not_o only_o of_o many_o person_n but_o even_o of_o many_o generation_n in_o hereford_n shire_n worcester-shire_n and_o other_o fruit_n country_n where_o it_o have_v be_v and_o be_v of_o continual_a use_n three_o and_o beside_o the_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n of_o physician_n herein_o and_o continual_a experience_n in_o the_o use_n of_o it_o for_o many_o year_n this_o also_o be_v a_o convince_a argument_n thereof_o god_n have_v be_v please_v in_o his_o wisdom_n bounty_n and_o goodness_n to_o mankind_n to_o create_v and_o give_v such_o commodity_n in_o every_o country_n and_o nation_n as_o be_v most_o useful_a and_o best_a for_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o each_o particular_a climate_n for_o instance_n in_o spain_n italy_n and_o those_o hot_a country_n they_o have_v orange_n lemon_n and_o pomecitrons_a which_o have_v in_o they_o the_o most_o cool_a refresh_a juice_n and_o liquor_n of_o any_o fruit_n which_o be_v most_o necessary_a for_o the_o cool_a and_o refresh_v the_o blood_n spirit_n and_o body_n of_o the_o inhabibitant_n and_o in_o the_o northern_a cold_a country_n god_n have_v give_v they_o great_a store_n of_o coal_n and_o wood_n for_o fuel_n which_o be_v not_o in_o so_o great_a plenty_n in_o hot_a country_n so_o also_o for_o fruit-tree_n some_o part_n of_o worcester-shire_n gloucester-shire_n etc._n etc._n the_o ground_n do_v natural_o bring_v forth_o fruit-tree_n beside_o the_o labour_n and_o diligence_n of_o man_n in_o plant_v the_o soil_n be_v natural_o fit_a to_o receive_v cherish_v &_o increase_v all_o sort_n of_o appletree_n pear-tree_n etc._n etc._n which_o bring_v forth_o abundance_n of_o fruit_n whereof_o to_o make_v this_o wholesome_a and_o best_a drink_n cider_n and_o perry_n and_o england_n afford_v the_o great_a store_n of_o apple_n and_o the_o best_a of_o any_o other_o country_n which_o be_v a_o argument_n i_o say_v of_o the_o profitableness_n and_o healthfulness_n of_o this_o liquor_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o climate_n so_o then_o if_o health_n and_o long_a life_n be_v in_o esteem_n with_o man_n they_o must_v needs_o also_o value_v this_o mean_n thereof_o the_o seasonable_a and_o moderate_a use_n of_o cider_n and_o consequent_o fruit-tree_n and_o the_o work_n and_o labour_n about_o they_o as_o conduce_v to_o those_o great_a and_o desirable_a end_n before_o you_o gather_v apple_n to_o keep_v apple_n let_v they_o be_v ripe_a which_o may_v be_v know_v by_o the_o colour_n and_o by_o the_o seed_n cut_v some_o of_o they_o and_o if_o the_o seed_n be_v turn_v brown_a or_o somewhat_o black_a such_o may_v be_v gather_v gather_v they_o in_o a_o dry_a day_n pull_v they_o one_o by_o one_o and_o put_v they_o into_o basket_n line_v with_o woollen_a cloth_n that_o they_o brâ—ise_v not_o carry_v they_o into_o a_o loft_n or_o upper_a chamber_n and_o lay_v they_o on_o mat_n or_o board_n not_o on_o plaster_n or_o clay_n floor_n they_o will_v be_v moist_a lay_v they_o thin_a not_o on_o heap_n as_o some_o do_v let_v the_o window_n and_o hole_n be_v open_a especial_o upon_o the_o north-side_n in_o dry_a day_n that_o the_o air_n and_o wind_n may_v dry_v up_o their_o superfluous_a moisture_n lay_v every_o kind_n by_o themselves_o and_o pick_v out_o all_o the_o leaf_n and_o such_o as_o rot_v from_o time_n to_o time_n turn_v they_o sometime_o and_o in_o frost_n cover_v they_o with_o mat_n straw_n or_o the_o like_a if_o apple_n offend_v any_o through_o wind_n 777._o eat_v with_o they_o ginger_n or_o other_o hot_a spice_n or_o carroway-seed_n fennelseed_n or_o the_o like_a so_o dodonaeus_n quorum_fw-la malignitas_fw-la vel_fw-la aromatis_fw-la vel_fw-la aliis_fw-la corrigi_fw-la potest_fw-la apple_n be_v prepare_v for_o the_o table_n all_o the_o year_n long_o many_o way_n i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o speak_v of_o particular_n and_o be_v pleasant_a and_o healthful_a to_o the_o body_n ibid._n dulcia_fw-la poma_fw-la minus_fw-la frigida_fw-la sunt_fw-la ac_fw-la humida_fw-la alimentum_fw-la conferunt_fw-la amplius_fw-la quam_fw-la cetera_fw-la poma_fw-la he_o say_v pleasant_a apple_n be_v less_o cold_a and_o moist_a and_o afford_v more_o nourishment_n than_o other_o concern_v their_o physical_a use_n 20_o galen_n ascribe_v heat_n to_o some_o kind_n of_o apple_n he_o speak_v of_o their_o physical_a property_n in_o relax_v the_o belly_n and_o say_v the_o acid_n &_o acrid_a perform_v this_o but_o with_o some_o difference_n haec_fw-la cum_fw-la calefactione_fw-la illa_fw-la autem_fw-la cum_fw-la refrigeratione_fw-la the_o acrid_a do_v it_o with_o heat_n the_o other_o with_o cold_a sweet_a apple_n relax_v the_o belly_n more_o than_o other_o kind_n a_o good_a author_n say_v every_o sweet_a thing_n deterge_v and_o relax_v and_o therefore_o pear_n which_o be_v general_o more_o sweet_a than_o apple_n loosen_v the_o body_n more_o than_o apple_n 569._o apple_n also_o help_v concoction_n so_o galen_n post_fw-la cibum_fw-la statim_fw-la dare_v ipsa_fw-la etc._n etc._n take_v after_o meat_n nonnunquam_fw-la autem_fw-la cum_fw-la pane_fw-la ad_fw-la ventriculum_fw-la &_o stomachum_fw-la roborandum_fw-la eat_v with_o bread_n they_o strengthen_v the_o stomach_n so_o avicen_n confortant_fw-la debilitatem_fw-la stomachi_fw-la galen_n say_v pleasant_a apple_n be_v profitable_a in_o hot_a disease_n dioscor_fw-la saepe_fw-la in_o morbis_fw-la afferunt_fw-la praesidium_fw-la so_o matth_n pomum_fw-la coctivum_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la sanis_fw-la competit_fw-la sed_fw-la etiam_fw-la agris_fw-la he_o say_v they_o be_v cordial_a to_o person_n in_o hot_a disease_n calidis_fw-la cordis_fw-la affectibus_fw-la succurrunt_fw-la be_v roast_v and_o eat_v with_o rose-water_n and_o sugar_n and_o that_o the_o pleasant_a kind_n be_v helpful_a against_o melancholy_n and_o be_v good_a against_o the_o pleurisy_n if_o roast_v and_o eat_v glycyrrhizae_fw-la succo_n &_o saccharo_fw-la â—irifice_n juvant_n with_o juice_n of_o liquorice_n and_o sugar_n morning_n and_o evening_n two_o hour_n before_o meat_n they_o wonderful_o help_v observe_v one_o special_a physical_a property_n more_o of_o apple_n set_v down_o by_o a_o learned_a and_o experience_a author_n these_o be_v his_o word_n the_o pulp_n of_o roast_a apple_n 1270._o four_o or_o five_o if_o pomewaters_n mix_v in_o a_o wine_n quart_n of_o fair_a water_n labour_v together_o and_o drink_v at_o night_n last_o within_o a_o hour_n do_v in_o one_o night_n cure_v those_o that_o piss_n by_o drop_n with_o great_a anguish_n and_o dolour_n the_o strangury_n and_o all_o other_o disease_n proceed_v of_o the_o difficulty_n of_o make_v water_n but_o in_o twice_o take_v it_o never_o fail_v in_o any_o also_o the_o run_v of_o the_o rein_n which_o i_o have_v often_o prove_v and_o gain_v thereby_o both_o crown_n and_o credit_n so_o the_o author_n pear_n concern_v pear_n 20._o galen_n say_v they_o have_v like_o property_n with_o apple_n and_o what_o be_v say_v of_o apple_n if_o we_o attribute_v the_o same_o to_o pear_n there_o need_v nothing_o anew_o to_o be_v say_v of_o they_o quae_fw-la de_fw-la maliâ—_n diximus_fw-la si_fw-la ad_fw-la pira_fw-la transtuleris_fw-la nihil_fw-la erit_fw-la quod_fw-la nos_fw-la de_fw-la ipsis_fw-la novum_fw-la dicere_fw-la oportet_fw-la 548._o avicen_n say_v sedant_fw-la choleram_fw-la they_o mitigate_v choler_n 3._o dodonaeus_n commend_v they_o above_o apple_n for_o their_o nourish_a property_n alimenta_fw-la pira_fw-la omne_fw-la amplius_fw-la &_o copiosius_fw-la quam_fw-la mala_fw-la conferunt_fw-la so_o 548._o avicen_n humour_n eorum_fw-la plurimus_fw-la &_o laudabilior_fw-la est_fw-la humour_n pomorum_fw-la pear_n make_v a_o excellent_a wine_n be_v well_o order_v a_o late_a author_n say_v we_o may_v have_v wine_n of_o pear_n and_o other_o of_o our_o fruit_n not_o inferior_a to_o french_a wine_n and_o another_o tell_v we_o rust._n that_o a_o famous_a physician_n of_o his_o time_n be_v not_o content_a to_o equal_v they_o with_o wine_n of_o grape_n but_o prefer_v they_o before_o it_o in_o every_o thing_n crab_n or_o wilding_n mix_v with_o pear_n make_v a_o excellent_a liquor_n better_a than_o pear_n alone_o i_o need_v not_o tell_v herefordshire_n and_o worcestershire_n man_n the_o good_a property_n of_o perry_n and_o cider_n they_o know_v by_o experience_n it_o be_v both_o alimental_a and_o physical_a that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o for_o health_n but_o also_o for_o long-life_n and_o that_o wine_n make_v of_o the_o best_a kind_n of_o
to_o this_o purpose_n open_v the_o shell_n of_o a_o almond_n and_o write_v upon_o the_o kernel_n what_o you_o will_v and_o wrap_v it_o in_o paper_n and_o set_v it_o in_o clay_n mingle_v with_o swine_n dung_n a_o late_a author_n say_v steep_v the_o stone_n of_o peach_n two_o or_o three_o day_n and_o then_o open_v they_o and_o with_o a_o brass_n pen_n write_v on_o the_o rind_n of_o the_o kernel_n after_o put_v they_o again_o into_o the_o stone_n and_o wrap_v they_o about_o with_o paper_n or_o parchment_n and_o plant_v they_o and_o the_o fruit_n will_v be_v write_v and_o engrave_v be_v not_o this_o a_o odd_a conceit_n that_o write_v upon_o the_o book_n kernel_n shall_v produce_v fruit_n write_v or_o engrave_v a_o man_n no_o doubt_n with_o as_o good_a success_n may_v engrave_v or_o write_v upon_o the_o shell_n or_o husk_n of_o a_o almond_n or_o other_o fruit_n as_o upon_o the_o kernel_n or_o if_o he_o will_v upon_o the_o paper_n or_o parchment_n in_o which_o it_o be_v enwrap_v for_o the_o rind_n of_o the_o kernel_n contribute_v nothing_o to_o the_o tree_n or_o fruit_n but_o open_v as_o the_o husk_n or_o shell_n to_o let_v out_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o kernel_n the_o vegetative_a virtue_n or_o internal_a form_n but_o if_o a_o man_n desire_v to_o have_v fruit_n with_o inscription_n and_o engraving_n he_o must_v take_v another_o course_n prescribe_v by_o a_o learned_a 128._o author_n upon_o better_a ground_n which_o be_v by_o write_v upon_o the_o fruit_n with_o a_o needle_n or_o bodkin_n when_o the_o fruit_n be_v young_a and_o as_o they_o grow_v big_a so_o the_o letter_n will_v grow_v more_o large_a and_o graphical_a concern_v the_o second_o sort_n of_o error_n thus_o much_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o mention_v many_o more_o as_o idle_a as_o these_o but_o i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v my_o self_n nor_o the_o reader_n with_o they_o at_o present_a only_o i_o say_v in_o the_o general_n let_v man_n take_v â—eed_o of_o such_o thing_n assert_v by_o author_n â—â—_o have_v neither_o reason_n nor_o experience_n to_o uphold_v they_o lest_o they_o spend_v their_o money_n labour_n and_o time_n about_o they_o and_o instead_o of_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n find_v discouragement_n and_o trouble_n the_o three_o sort_n of_o error_n be_v assign_v wrong_a cause_n to_o effect_n one_o of_o these_o error_n be_v this_o some_o have_v conceive_v plant._n that_o graft_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o early_o bear_v of_o fruit_n and_o do_v much_o better_a all_o fruit_n albert._n mag._n say_v it_o be_v better_a propter_fw-la digestionem_fw-la succi_n in_fw-la nodo_fw-la factam_fw-la because_o of_o the_o digestion_n of_o the_o sap_n in_o the_o knot_n so_o also_o cressentius_n 87._o and_o add_v et_fw-la iste_fw-la nodus_fw-la facit_fw-la diversitatem_fw-la omnem_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la in_o malis_fw-la &_o pyris_fw-la &_o caeteris_fw-la fructibus_fw-la the_o knot_n which_o be_v between_o the_o graft_n and_o the_o stock_n make_v all_o the_o difference_n which_o be_v find_v in_o pear_n apple_n and_o other_o fruit_n bapt._n port._n likewise_o ascribe_v all_o to_o graft_v 97._o he_o say_v tree_n come_v of_o seed_n longa_n est_fw-la expectatio_fw-la ad_fw-la fructuum_fw-la productionem_fw-la insitio_fw-la vero_fw-la in_o aliquibus_fw-la eodem_fw-la anno_fw-la producit_fw-la tree_n come_v of_o seed_n be_v long_o ere_o they_o bear_v fruit_n but_o be_v graft_v some_o kind_a bear_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o so_o also_o columell_v lib._n de_fw-fr arbor_n pag._n 490._o lo._n bac._n want_v some_o experience_n in_o this_o point_n who_o say_v there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o graft_v for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v meliorate_a fruit_n and_o again_o graft_v do_v general_o advance_v and_o meliorate_a fruit_n above_o that_o which_o they_o will_v be_v if_o they_o be_v set_v of_o kernel_n or_o stone_n the_o cause_n say_v he_o be_v manifest_a for_o that_o the_o nourishment_n be_v better_a prepare_v in_o the_o stock_n then_o in_o the_o crude_a earth_n i_o say_v herein_o these_o author_n assign_v a_o wrong_a cause_n to_o a_o eff_a for_o simple_o graft_v contribute_v nothing_o at_o all_o to_o the_o early_a bear_n of_o fruit_n nor_o to_o its_o goodness_n but_o the_o cause_n be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o graft_n if_o they_o be_v graft_n cut_v from_o bear_v tree_n and_o of_o good_a kind_n they_o bear_v good_a fruit_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o but_o if_o they_o be_v graft_n from_o young_a unbearing_a tree_n come_v of_o seed_n such_o graft_n will_v not_o bear_v the_o soon_o for_o graft_v it_o be_v not_o simple_o graft_v i_o say_v nor_o the_o knot_n as_o the_o author_n speak_v of_o that_o make_v tree_n bear_v one_o year_n one_o day_n the_o soon_o for_o if_o so_o then_o graft_v from_o young_a unbearing_a tree_n come_v of_o seed_n graft_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o upon_o as_o good_a stock_n as_o other_o graft_n from_o old_a bear_v tree_n they_o will_v bear_v fruit_n the_o one_o sort_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o other_o but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o so_o that_o the_o cause_n lie_v not_o simple_o in_o graft_v but_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o graft_n neither_o do_v graft_v make_v fruit_n at_o â—ll_a the_o better_a otherwise_o then_o as_o you_o choose_v graft_n of_o a_o good_a kind_n for_o we_o know_v graft_n rule_v and_o keep_v their_o own_o nature_n only_o with_o some_o small_a advantage_n from_o the_o stock_n â—f_o special_a stock_n or_o prejudice_n if_o a_o very_a bad_a stock_n and_o the_o cause_n be_v not_o well_o assign_v by_o the_o author_n who_o say_v it_o be_v for_o that_o the_o nourishment_n be_v better_a prepare_v in_o the_o stock_n then_o in_o the_o crude_a earth_n for_o we_o know_v the_o branch_n of_o a_o ungraft_v tree_n receive_v sap_n not_o immediate_o from_o the_o crude_a earth_n but_o from_o a_o stock_n or_o body_n as_o well_o as_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o grafted-tree_n the_o stock_n of_o the_o grafted-tree_n be_v a_o wild_a stock_n and_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o be_v the_o stock_n or_o body_n of_o the_o ungrafted-tree_n they_o be_v both_o alike_o and_o the_o concoction_n and_o nourishment_n in_o both_o be_v alike_o and_o the_o cause_n be_v a_o like_a why_o be_v not_o the_o effect_n alike_o it_o be_v plain_a this_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n but_o the_o cause_n be_v in_o the_o graft_n 115._o not_o in_o the_o stock_n though_o the_o nourishment_n be_v never_o so_o well_o concoct_v in_o the_o stock_n and_o the_o fruit_n be_v not_o make_v better_a or_o worse_o simple_o by_o graft_v the_o author_n assert_v this_o truth_n plain_o elsewhere_o the_o graft_n say_v he_o over-ruleth_a the_o stock_n and_o again_o the_o graft_n will_v govern_v that_o be_v they_o keep_v the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o the_o tree_n from_o which_o they_o be_v get_v another_o of_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o error_n be_v this_o 362._o a_o late_a author_n say_v the_o cause_n why_o tree_n bear_v not_o fruit_n in_o a_o few_o year_n after_o graft_v be_v because_o they_o be_v graft_v in_o the_o old_a of_o the_o moon_n for_o say_v he_o so_o many_o day_n as_o the_o moou_n be_v old_a when_o you_o graft_v so_o many_o year_n will_v the_o graft_v be_v ere_o it_o bear_v fruit_n the_o cause_n be_v here_o mistake_v for_o the_o moon_n have_v no_o such_o influence_n upon_o fruit-tree_n as_o to_o withhold_v their_o fruit_n in_o this_o manner_n man_n we_o see_v by_o experience_n graft_v in_o all_o season_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o find_v no_o such_o difference_n in_o the_o bear_n of_o the_o tree_n the_o chief_a cause_n of_o unfruitfulness_n of_o tree_n be_v when_o they_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o the_o country_n where_o they_o be_v plant_v second_o when_o the_o graft_n be_v choose_v from_o young_a wild_a unbearing_a tree_n or_o such_o as_o natural_o bear_v little_a or_o seldom_o three_o repletion_n or_o overmuch_a nourishment_n four_o coldness_n or_o overmoistness_n of_o the_o ground_n five_o frost_n or_o cold_a wind_n in_o the_o spring_n three_o another_o of_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o error_n be_v this_o many_o conceive_v that_o sap_n in_o tree_n do_v descend_v from_o the_o branch_n to_o the_o root_n which_o cause_v several_a effect_n as_o fall_v of_o the_o leaf_n goodness_n of_o the_o root_n of_o divers_a plant_n for_o use_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o effect_n be_v mistake_v for_o sap_n in_o tree_n never_o descend_v but_o always_o ascend_v and_o leave_v of_o tree_n fall_v in_o autumn_n not_o because_o sap_n descend_v from_o they_o but_o because_o sap_n ascend_v not_o to_o they_o sufficient_a to_o nourish_v or_o feed_v they_o any_o long_o and_o if_o root_n be_v best_a in_o autumn_n that_o be_v not_o cause_v by_o descent_n of_o sap_n but_o for_o that_o the_o body_n and_o branch_n of_o a_o tree_n in_o autumn_n draw_v but_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o sap_n from_o
the_o root_n and_o the_o root_n even_o then_o draw_v sap_n from_o the_o earth_n and_o increase_v upon_o it_o and_o be_v well_o store_v with_o sap_n after_o the_o branch_n have_v do_v increase_v and_o there_o the_o sap_n rest_v chief_o at_o that_o season_n some_o who_o hold_v descend_v of_o sap_n may_v perhaps_o confirm_v their_o opinion_n from_o small_a spring_n of_o the_o root_n of_o plant_n when_o they_o be_v remove_v in_o autumn_n it_o be_v true_a the_o root_n of_o plant_n set_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o september_n or_o about_o that_o time_n do_v spring_n forth_o a_o little_a at_o the_o cut_v end_n of_o the_o root_n before_o winter_n not_o because_o sap_n descend_v from_o the_o branch_n to_o they_o for_o though_o all_o the_o branch_n be_v cut_v off_o before_o set_v as_o sometime_o they_o be_v yet_o the_o root_n will_v spring_v then_o because_o some_o degree_n of_o heat_n proportionable_a to_o that_o purpose_n be_v at_o that_o season_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o immediate_a forego_v summer_n so_o that_o plant_n set_v while_o this_o heat_n last_v they_o will_v germinate_v &_o spring_v forth_o in_o their_o root_n before_o winter_n the_o husbandman_n know_v in_o this_o season_n it_o be_v best_o to_o sow_v his_o wheat_n and_o rye_n and_o also_o because_o the_o sun_n as_o yet_o have_v a_o influence_n sufficient_a to_o make_v seed_n and_o plant_n to_o spring_v forth_o which_o towards_o december_n it_o have_v not_o be_v then_o too_o remote_a from_o we_o so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o descend_v of_o sap_n that_o cause_v these_o effect_n 94._o the_o learned_a lord_n bacon_n do_v not_o well_o consider_v this_o point_n who_o suppose_v a_o descension_n of_o sap_n in_o autumn_n speak_v concern_v set_v a_o bough_n in_o the_o ground_n prepare_v by_o disbarking_a for_o that_o purpose_n say_v the_o cause_n why_o it_o will_v soon_o after_o be_v a_o fair_a tree_n may_v be_v this_o the_o bare_n of_o the_o bark_n keep_v the_o sap_n from_o descend_v towards_o winter_n here_o be_v a_o wrong_a cause_n assign_v to_o a_o effect_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o suppose_a keep_v up_o of_o the_o sap_n by_o that_o mean_n he_o speak_v of_o that_o cause_v such_o a_o bough_n to_o grow_v the_o better_a but_o the_o cause_n be_v for_o that_o such_o a_o bough_n by_o disbarking_a have_v get_v some_o small_a root_n or_o string_n or_o at_o least_o some_o roughness_n or_o knob_n capable_a of_o root_n in_o the_o passage_n up_o of_o the_o sap_n whereby_o be_v set_v it_o will_v become_v a_o tree_n in_o certain_a year_n this_o opinion_n of_o descension_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n thing_n be_v a_o old_a error_n of_o many_o year_n stand_v and_o be_v radicate_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o most_o man_n yea_o many_o use_v it_o as_o a_o similitude_n to_o illustrate_v some_o spiritual_a matter_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o real_a and_o undoubted_a truth_n whereas_o it_o be_v but_o a_o weak_a and_o groundless_a conceit_n and_o contrary_a both_o to_o reason_n and_o experience_n take_v up_o by_o man_n from_o hand_n to_o hand_n without_o consideration_n or_o weigh_v of_o it_o with_o reason_n and_o judgement_n i_o will_v therefore_o lay_v it_o open_v more_o plain_o and_o demonstrate_v and_o prove_v the_o truth_n concern_v the_o motion_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n the_o first_o argument_n against_o descension_n of_o sap._n sap_n in_o tree_n always_o move_v upward_o and_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o course_n of_o nature_n for_o sap_n to_o descend_v natura_fw-la nil_fw-la agit_fw-fr frustra_fw-la nature_n do_v nothing_o in_o vain_a now_o it_o be_v a_o vain_a work_n in_o nature_n to_o cause_n sap_n to_o ascend_v up_o in_o the_o branch_n to_o descend_v again_o to_o the_o root_n the_o root_n send_v sap_n to_o the_o branch_n and_o not_o the_o branch_n to_o the_o root_n when_o it_o once_o come_v into_o the_o branch_n it_o be_v convert_v into_o wood_n bark_n leaves_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n whence_o be_v all_o that_o great_a bulk_n and_o body_n which_o we_o see_v a_o tree_n arise_v to_o in_o a_o few_o year_n if_o sap_n shall_v descend_v one_o while_n as_o it_o ascend_v another_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o as_o a_o tree_n increase_v by_o ascension_n of_o sap_n so_o it_o will_v descrease_v by_o its_o descension_n this_o may_v be_v more_o clear_a if_o we_o consider_v the_o cause_n why_o sap_n in_o tree_n stir_n and_o ascend_v and_o also_o why_o it_o rise_v not_o after_o such_o a_o time_n to_o make_v any_o growth_n when_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o year_n by_o degree_n draw_v near_o to_o we_o than_o sap_n in_o tree_n begin_v by_o its_o heat_n and_o influence_n to_o move_v to_o swell_v and_o open_v the_o bud_n and_o to_o cause_v the_o branch_n to_o shoot_v forth_o which_o increase_n by_o it_o all_o the_o summer_n and_o as_o the_o sun_n by_o degree_n draw_v near_o and_o grow_v hot_a so_o the_o sap_n by_o degree_n increase_v and_o rise_v more_o plentiful_o and_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v near_a than_o tree_n be_v full_a of_o sap._n now_o observe_v as_o by_o the_o vicinity_n and_o nearness_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v by_o degree_n the_o sap_n be_v increase_v by_o degree_n so_o likewise_o by_o the_o sun_n remoteness_n and_o absence_n which_o be_v also_o by_o degree_n in_o his_o go_v back_o again_o the_o sap_n be_v also_o diminish_v by_o degree_n that_o be_v ascend_v less_o and_o less_o in_o quantity_n until_o the_o sun_n be_v go_v so_o far_o from_o we_o and_o the_o heat_n and_o influence_n of_o it_o be_v so_o weak_a that_o it_o work_v not_o to_o cause_v sap_n to_o rise_v up_o whereby_o the_o branch_n may_v increase_v any_o long_o and_o then_o the_o branch_n and_o bud_n of_o tree_n be_v all_o at_o a_o stand_n and_o grow_v no_o more_o until_o the_o next_o spring_n and_o at_o that_o time_n the_o leaf_n lose_v their_o beauty_n and_o fall_v off_o because_o sap_n rise_v not_o up_o sufficient_a to_o feed_v they_o any_o long_o but_o only_o so_o much_o as_o to_o preserve_v life_n in_o the_o tree_n the_o second_o argument_n there_o be_v no_o cause_n to_o produce_v such_o a_o effect_n i_o will_v fain_o know_v of_o those_o who_o hold_v descension_n of_o sap_n what_o shall_v cause_v it_o to_o descend_v for_o nullus_fw-la effectus_fw-la datur_fw-la sine_fw-la causa_fw-la there_o can_v be_v no_o effect_n without_o a_o cause_n they_o can_v say_v that_o as_o heat_n cause_v it_o to_o ascend_v so_o cold_a cause_v it_o to_o descend_v cold_n never_o cause_v sap_n to_o stir_v but_o to_o stand_v or_o move_v slow_o cold_n be_v of_o a_o condense_a nature_n and_o do_v constipate_v and_o fix_v rare_a &_o fluid_a body_n if_o cold_a shall_v cause_v sap_n to_o descend_v then_o as_o the_o cold_a increase_v sap_n will_v descend_v more_o &_o more_o in_o quantity_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a as_o heat_n increase_v in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n the_o sap_n in_o tree_n also_o increase_v in_o quantity_n and_o if_o so_o what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o tree_n but_o if_o sap_n of_o its_o own_o nature_n will_v descend_v yet_o there_o be_v none_o in_o the_o branch_n at_o that_o season_n of_o the_o year_n that_o they_o can_v spare_v but_o all_o that_o have_v ascend_v in_o the_o summer_n be_v convert_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tree_n its_o leave_n and_o fruit_n concern_v that_o objection_n that_o be_v make_v against_o this_o and_o bring_v as_o a_o argument_n that_o sap_n descend_v viz._n that_o if_o we_o disbarke_v a_o bough_n or_o branch_n when_o sap_n be_v up_o a_o inch_n round_o about_o and_o lay_v and_o keep_v up_o mould_n about_o the_o disbark_v place_n there_o will_v be_v small_a root_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o place_n so_o disbark_v which_o say_v they_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o descension_n of_o sap_n out_o of_o the_o bough_n to_o that_o part_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o such_o root_n be_v not_o make_v by_o any_o descension_n of_o sap_n but_o by_o the_o ascension_n of_o sap_n for_o sap_n ascend_v up_o into_o such_o a_o bough_n notwithstanding_o the_o disbark_v part_n through_o the_o pith_n and_o pore_n of_o the_o wood_n though_o in_o small_a quantity_n than_o it_o will_v do_v if_o the_o bark_n be_v on_o this_o be_v plain_a because_o such_o a_o bough_n do_v grow_v and_o shoot_v forth_o and_o bear_v fruit_n after_o disbarking_a which_o can_v not_o be_v but_o by_o the_o rise_n up_o of_o sap._n now_o i_o say_v sap_n in_o its_o rise_n up_o some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v pendulous_a about_o that_o place_n and_o do_v somewhat_o hang_v or_o rest_n at_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o disbark_v place_n in_o the_o very_a edge_n of_o the_o bark_n have_v recourse_n to_o this_o creature_n wound_a part_n in_o great_a quantity_n then_o
to_o any_o other_o part_n and_o so_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o moisture_n about_o it_o break_v forth_o into_o some_o small_a root_n in_o some_o kind_n of_o tree_n or_o into_o some_o roughness_n and_o small_a knub_n like_o root_n but_o this_o can_v be_v cause_v by_o descension_n of_o sap_n if_o any_o be_v for_o such_o as_o hold_v descension_n of_o sap_n pretend_v not_o to_o it_o until_o autuâ—â—e_v or_o about_o the_o end_n of_o september_n now_o these_o root_n be_v make_v long_o before_o that_o time_n in_o long_o summer_n by_o the_o rise_n up_o of_o sap_n as_o be_v say_v especial_o if_o the_o bough_n be_v disbark_v in_o may._n can_v the_o effect_n be_v before_o the_o cause_n can_v root_n be_v make_v in_o summer_n by_o sap_n that_o descend_v in_o autumn_n if_o any_o such_o thing_n be_v so_o that_o this_o argument_n for_o descension_n of_o sap_n be_v of_o no_o weight_n but_o be_v weak_a and_o childish_a the_o three_o argument_n against_o descension_n and_o also_o circulation_n of_o sap_n it_o be_v contrary_a to_o its_o nature_n as_o concern_v circulation_n of_o sap_n in_o summer_n which_o some_o also_o hold_v i_o apprehend_v no_o more_o ground_n for_o that_o then_o for_o descension_n in_o autumn_n for_o as_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n to_o work_v such_o a_o effect_n so_o neither_o be_v it_o natural_a to_o sap_n to_o have_v such_o a_o motion_n of_o itself_o for_o plantsâ—n_n â—n_z some_o sort_n like_o a_o thin_a airy_a vapour_n from_o some_o moist_a substance_n partly_o cause_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n sun_n the_o sun_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o rise_n up_o of_o sap_n though_o also_o and_o principal_o the_o vegetative_a spirit_n excite_v by_o th'sun_n carry_v it_o up_o and_o disperse_v it_o to_o all_o the_o part_n for_o nourishment_n and_o growth_n now_o we_o know_v there_o be_v no_o descend_v of_o vapour_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o ascend_v vapour_n come_v not_o down_o again_o to_o the_o earth_n until_o they_o be_v condense_v and_o thicken_v into_o rain_n snow_n hail_o etc._n etc._n when_o they_o be_v become_v a_o ponderous_a and_o weighty_a substance_n than_o they_o natural_o tend_v downward_o not_o while_o they_o be_v a_o leight_n airy_a substance_n so_o be_v it_o concern_v sap_n in_o tree_n it_o ascend_v partly_o by_o attraction_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o native_a spirit_n as_o a_o thin_a airy_a substance_n subtle_a light_a spirituous_a as_o well_o through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o wood_n as_o between_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n where_o it_o rise_v more_o plentiful_o and_o be_v more_o condense_a now_o while_o it_o be_v thus_o light_a and_o vaporous_a it_o can_v neither_o descend_v nor_o circulate_v for_o every_o leight_n body_n as_o flame_n air_n smoke_n vapour_n etc._n etc._n ascend_v upward_o omne_fw-la leave_n sursum_fw-la and_o can_v descend_v or_o fall_v downward_o no_o more_o than_o a_o heavy_a thing_n as_o such_o can_v rise_v or_o ascend_v upward_o by_o its_o own_o natural_a motion_n indeed_o when_o sap_n be_v turn_v into_o wood_n leaves_z bud_n blossom_n and_o fruit_n these_o thing_n have_v some_o ponderosity_n or_o weight_n in_o they_o and_o so_o natural_o descend_v omne_fw-la grave_n deorsum_fw-la as_o air_n and_o vapour_n be_v condense_v and_o become_v water_n in_o the_o cloud_n do_v natural_o fall_v downward_o but_o whatsoever_o be_v a_o thin_a aerious_a light_a body_n ascend_v upward_o and_o can_v as_o such_o neither_o descend_v nor_o condense_v circulate_v and_o such_o a_o substance_n be_v sap_n in_o tree_n four_o the_o appetite_n of_o the_o spirit_n in_o all_o vegetable_n be_v upward_o there_o be_v a_o innate_a spirit_n in_o tree_n and_o all_o vegetable_n sap._n which_o some_o call_v the_o soul_n of_o plant_n yea_o in_o all_o body_n animate_v and_o inanimate_a this_o sir_n fran._n bacon_n have_v abundant_o set_v forth_o this_o spirit_n as_o he_o show_v be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o compound_n of_o flame_n and_o air_n be_v of_o a_o flammeous_a and_o aerious_a nature_n now_o this_o be_v the_o vehicle_n or_o mean_n of_o conveyance_n of_o the_o sap_n unto_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o tree_n every_o twig_n and_o bud_n of_o it_o its_o appetite_n be_v upward_o because_o it_o be_v a_o light_a body_n and_o all_o light_a thing_n natural_o ascend_v upward_o 387._o as_o be_v say_v and_o not_o downward_o unless_o it_o be_v to_o observe_v a_o law_n in_o nature_n in_o avoid_v a_o vacuum_n at_o any_o time_n the_o great_a quantity_n of_o spirit_n there_o be_v in_o any_o creature_n the_o leight_a it_o be_v either_o animate_v or_o inanimate_a especial_o if_o it_o be_v the_o lively_a spirit_n if_o it_o be_v say_v this_o spirit_n in_o tree_n exert_n itself_o downward_o in_o the_o root_n as_o well_o as_o upward_o it_o be_v true_a so_o much_o and_o so_o far_o as_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v a_o foundation_n to_o support_v the_o body_n and_o branch_n and_o to_o draw_v nourishment_n for_o feed_v &_o increase_v thereof_o which_o it_o do_v but_o only_o in_o a_o subserviency_n to_o the_o body_n and_o branch_n and_o though_o the_o root_n spread_v wide_a yet_o depth_n be_v but_o little_a to_o the_o height_n of_o a_o tree_n the_o root_n spread_v and_o run_v as_o near_o the_o superficies_n and_o top_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o may_v be_v as_o have_v still_o a_o appetite_n upward_o as_o near_o the_o sun_n as_o may_v be_v and_o all_o the_o sap_n and_o moisture_n which_o this_o spirit_n carry_v upward_o which_o be_v by_o far_o the_o great_a part_n it_o never_o carry_v down_o again_o be_v against_o its_o nature_n to_o descend_v as_o it_o be_v a_o leight_n body_n the_o five_o argument_n and_o further_o as_o another_o argument_n from_o experience_n and_o that_o which_o be_v obvious_a to_o our_o very_a sense_n we_o see_v and_o know_v that_o when_o we_o bend_v down_o a_o bough_n of_o a_o tree_n upon_o a_o wall_n towards_o the_o ground_n to_o cause_v it_o to_o grow_v and_o spread_v as_o near_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o wall_n as_o may_v be_v we_o find_v i_o say_v how_o poor_o such_o bough_n do_v grow_v shoot_v forth_o but_o a_o very_a little_a and_o sometime_o a_o part_n die_v and_o sometime_o all_o and_o this_o show_v it_o against_o the_o nature_n of_o sap_n to_o descend_v or_o circulate_v for_o otherwise_o why_o be_v not_o such_o bough_n so_o bend_v downward_o as_o plentiful_o feed_v with_o sap_n as_o those_o that_o grow_v straight_o up_o or_o straight_o out_o and_o not_o so_o much_o bow_v as_o the_o other_o so_o it_o be_v in_o plash_v hedge_n if_o bough_n be_v lay_v too_o low_a they_o die_v or_o grow_v poor_o but_o we_o see_v the_o sap_n press_v upward_o with_o vigour_n and_o violence_n the_o bough_n and_o branch_n that_o grow_v upward_o shoot_v forth_o strong_o and_o be_v full_o feed_v but_o such_o as_o bow_v down_o low_a be_v almost_o starve_v so_o that_o its_o plain_a its_z as_o much_o against_o the_o nature_n of_o sap_n to_o descend_v or_o to_o circulate_v as_o it_o be_v for_o water_n to_o ascend_v which_o yet_o we_o know_v by_o art_n may_v be_v make_v to_o ascend_v in_o pipe_n from_o below_o as_o high_a as_o the_o fountain_n or_o spring_n but_o no_o high_o for_o its_o natural_a motion_n be_v to_o descend_v so_o sap_n though_o its_o natural_a motion_n be_v upward_o yet_o by_o art_n be_v ascend_v up_o into_o a_o branch_n it_o may_v be_v somewhat_o force_v downward_o and_o yet_o very_a hardly_o slow_o and_o weak_o although_o to_o the_o nourishment_n &_o keep_v life_n in_o any_o of_o its_o part_n or_o branch_n so_o bow_v down_o which_o plain_o show_v how_o much_o against_o its_o nature_n this_o motion_n of_o descension_n or_o that_o of_o circulation_n be_v the_o six_o argument_n against_o descension_n of_o sap._n and_o last_o to_o prove_v this_o more_o full_o and_o clear_o by_o a_o plain_a undeniable_a argument_n if_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a ascension_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n than_o there_o be_v no_o descension_n but_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a ascension_n therefore_o no_o descension_n to_o prove_v the_o minor_a proposition_n that_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a ascension_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n the_o sun_n and_o aire_n continual_o draw_v sap_n and_o moisture_n out_o of_o tree_n and_o other_o vegetable_n d._n as_o the_o lord_n bacon_n and_o other_o conclude_v and_o as_o may_v be_v make_v appear_v by_o reason_n and_o experience_n we_o know_v if_o branch_n and_o twig_n of_o tree_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o lay_v aside_o in_o the_o sun_n and_o air_n but_o a_o few_o day_n they_o will_v be_v contract_v and_o wrinkle_a the_o air_n draw_v out_o the_o sap_n and_o moisture_n and_o such_o have_v no_o supply_n of_o sap_n from_o the_o root_n they_o quick_o wither_v now_o know_v also_o that_o the_o sun_n and_o air_n
have_v the_o same_o operation_n upon_o the_o liâ—ing_a branch_n and_o twig_n draw_v sap_n and_o moisture_n continual_o out_o of_o they_o likewise_o but_o they_o be_v not_o contract_v and_o wrinkle_a as_o the_o other_o because_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a supply_n of_o sap_n from_o the_o root_n as_o well_o in_o winter_n as_o in_o summer_n which_o keep_v they_o in_o their_o full_a dimension_n without_o wrinkle_a or_o contract_n further_o observe_v to_o prove_v this_o if_o we_o remove_v plant_n in_o september_n or_o about_o that_o time_n the_o pretend_a season_n of_o descension_n of_o sap_n and_o let_v they_o lie_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n a_o day_n or_o two_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o sun_n and_o aire_n will_v in_o that_o short_a time_n have_v rock_v and_o draw_v out_o sap_n and_o moisture_n from_o the_o branch_n so_o that_o they_o will_v be_v apparent_o shrink_v and_o contract_v i_o have_v see_v some_o branch_n so_o much_o wrinkle_v that_o i_o question_v whether_o they_o be_v dead_a or_o alive_a but_o after_o the_o plant_n have_v be_v set_v certain_a day_n so_o much_o sap_n will_v be_v ascend_v â—u_n will_v again_o have_v fill_v up_o the_o wrinkle_a or_o contract_a bark_n so_o that_o it_o be_v evident_a and_o apparent_a hereby_o that_o some_o small_a quantity_n of_o sap_n have_v even_o then_o ascend_v into_o the_o branch_n since_o their_o set_n and_o if_o so_o thâ—â—_n it_o be_v clear_a there_o be_v no_o decension_n of_o sap_n for_o câ—â—_n any_o thing_n move_v contrary_a way_n at_o one_o lime_n and_o if_o we_o graft_v in_o november_n and_o december_n as_o i_o have_v do_v with_o good_a success_n the_o very_a dead_a time_n of_o winter_n the_o graft_n have_v some_o small_a supply_n of_o sap_n even_o then_o else_o the_o sun_n and_o aire_n will_v spoil_v they_o by_o daily_o suck_v out_o their_o moisture_n be_v there_o not_o supply_v of_o sap_n from_o the_o root_n sufficient_a tâ—_n keep_v they_o alive_a until_o the_o spring_n it_o be_v manifest_a then_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o sâ—â—_n in_o tree_n ascend_v as_o well_o in_o autumn_n and_o winter_n as_o in_o summer_n so_o much_o as_o to_o preserve_v life_n in_o tree_n by_o supply_v what_o be_v extractâ—â—_n by_o the_o sun_n and_o aire_n so_o that_o upon_o this_o also_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v there_o be_v no_o descension_n of_o sap_n unless_o man_n will_v hold_v that_o a_o thinâ—_n may_v move_v several_a way_n upward_o and_o downward_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n which_o iâ—_n a_o contradiction_n and_o impossible_a in_o nature_n thus_o much_o concern_v the_o three_o sort_n of_o error_n in_o the_o theory_n of_o this_o art_n first_o instruction_n hurtful_a and_o dangerous_a second_o instruction_n for_o effect_v something_n impossible_a to_o be_v effect_v by_o the_o mean_v prescribe_v and_o other_o impossible_a to_o be_v effect_v by_o any_o mean_n three_o assign_v wrong_a cause_n to_o effect_n will_v now_o discover_v some_o error_n that_o i_o find_v in_o the_o practice_n of_o this_o art_n of_o plant_v fruit-tree_n that_o they_o may_v be_v avoid_v one_o error_n in_o practice_n be_v this_o plant_v tree_n too_o near_o together_o together_o this_o be_v a_o great_a and_o general_a error_n many_o think_v the_o more_o tree_n they_o have_v the_o more_o fruit_n but_o a_o few_o have_a room_n enough_o to_o spread_v will_v bear_v more_o fruit_n then_o many_o crowd_v â—â—e_v upon_o another_o as_o the_o custom_n be_v and_o fruit_n will_v also_o be_v better_o when_o the_o sun_n may_v come_v round_o about_o the_o tree_n i_o account_v 8_o or_o 10_o yard_n a_o competent_a distance_n for_o appletree_n and_o pear-tree_n upon_o ordinary_a soil_n but_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v special_a good_a then_o give_v they_o the_o more_o room_n for_o standard_n cherry_n tree_n plum-tree_n and_o such_o like_a 5_o or_o 6_o yard_n be_v a_o convenient_a distance_n another_o error_n be_v this_o many_o plant_v fruit_n tree_n unfit_a for_o the_o country_n where_o they_o plant_v they_o country_n their_o care_n be_v chief_o to_o choose_v graft_n of_o the_o best_a kind_n and_o fair_a plant_n to_o look_v upon_o not_o consider_v so_o much_o whether_o such_o kind_n will_v prosper_v and_o bear_v fruit_n well_o in_o those_o climate_n and_o place_n where_o they_o plant_v they_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v often_o that_o many_o who_o have_v fair_a and_o goodly_a fruit-tree_n have_v very_o little_a fruit_n from_o they_o it_o be_v a_o excellent_a rule_n to_o choose_v those_o kind_n of_o fruit_n which_o we_o or_o other_o find_v by_o many_o year_n experience_n to_o be_v good_a bear_v tree_n in_o those_o part_n near_o to_o usâ—_n although_o the_o fruit_n be_v not_o altogether_o so_o good_a as_o some_o other_o this_o be_v another_o error_n tree_n many_o man_n when_o they_o procure_v fruit-tree_n to_o plant_v a_o orchard_n they_o most_o common_o desire_v the_o great_a and_o fair_a plant_n hope_v such_o will_v be_v tree_n the_o soon_a whereas_o great_a tree_n many_o of_o they_o die_v and_o other_o live_v very_o poor_o but_o small_a plant_n remove_v live_v general_o and_o thrive_v more_o in_o two_o or_o three_o year_n then_o great_a one_o in_o six_o or_o seven_o for_o remove_v great_a tree_n be_v a_o very_a great_a check_n to_o nature_n such_o as_o many_o time_n it_o be_v not_o able_a to_o recover_v another_o error_n in_o practice_n be_v this_o disbranâ—ing_n man_n general_o leave_v too_o many_o branch_n on_o the_o tree_n they_o plant_v and_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n have_v branch_n cut_v off_o whereas_o for_o want_v of_o disbranch_a tree_n they_o lose_v branch_n body_n root_n and_o all_o if_o they_o will_v plant_v great_a tree_n they_o must_v disbranch_v they_o small_a one_o need_v not_o or_o very_o little_a another_o be_v this_o for_o the_o most_o part_n man_n neglect_v to_o plant_v their_o young_a tree_n in_o as_o good_a or_o better_a soil_n mould_n then_o that_o from_o which_o they_o be_v remove_v they_o fetch_v they_o from_o nursery_n about_o london_n which_o be_v general_o of_o very_o fertile_a soil_n and_o plant_v they_o it_o may_v be_v in_o ordinary_a or_o poor_a soil_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o many_o of_o they_o die_v or_o grow_v weak_o whereas_o they_o ought_v to_o lay_v special_a soil_n the_o best_a they_o can_v get_v next_o to_o the_o root_n which_o have_v take_v hold_v and_o be_v well_o root_v in_o the_o ground_n they_o will_v by_o degree_n thrust_v their_o root_n and_o grow_v well_o in_o that_o which_o be_v worse_o another_o be_v this_o some_o in_o graft_v outside_n take_v care_n to_o set_v the_o graft_n and_o stock_n even_o and_o smooth_a on_o the_o outside_n not_o consider_v that_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o stock_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n thick_a then_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o graft_n whereas_o they_o ought_v to_o take_v special_a care_n to_o set_v the_o inner-side_n of_o the_o bark_n together_o which_o be_v the_o chief_a rule_n in_o graft_v because_o there_o be_v the_o chief_a current_n of_o the_o sap._n another_o error_n be_v this_o graft_n graft_v long_o or_o fork_a graft_n common_o the_o long_a graft_n be_v the_o less_o they_o grow_v and_o the_o short_a they_o be_v cut_v the_o long_o they_o grow_v in_o a_o year_n as_o for_o fork_a graft_n either_o they_o take_v not_o or_o else_o grow_v but_o poor_o another_o be_v this_o tree_n many_o let_v their_o fruit-tree_n grow_v straight_o up_o very_o high_a before_o they_o spread_v into_o bough_n and_o they_o be_v rather_o like_o timber-tree_n for_o building_n than_o fruit-tree_n for_o bear_v fruit_n whereas_o they_o ought_v to_o cut_v off_o the_o top_n while_o the_o plant_n be_v young_a about_o a_o ell_n or_o a_o yard_n and_o half_a from_o the_o ground_n that_o so_o the_o plant_n may_v spread_v and_o enlarge_v itself_o and_o one_o tree_n well_o order_v in_o this_o respect_n for_o spread_v will_v have_v as_o many_o small_a bough_n and_o consequent_o will_v bear_v as_o much_o fruit_n as_o three_o or_o four_o it_o may_v be_v of_o such_o tree_n as_o run_v spire_v up_o a_o great_a height_n without_o spread_v another_o error_n be_v this_o some_o give_v too_o much_o nourishment_n to_o some_o fruit-tree_n fruit-tree_n let_v some_o fat_a water_n it_o may_v be_v run_v to_o the_o root_n or_o lie_v too_o near_o they_o or_o else_o by_o pour_v or_o lay_v some_o fertile_a substance_n to_o their_o root_n when_o there_o be_v sometime_o more_o need_n to_o deprive_v they_o of_o their_o too_o fat_a feed_n which_o cause_v they_o to_o luxuriate_v and_o spend_v their_o strength_n in_o great_a and_o large_a shoot_n and_o broad_a leaf_n and_o blossom_n and_o leave_v off_o bear_v fruit_n nourishment_n to_o fruit-tree_n ought_v to_o be_v moderate_a as_o to_o other_o creature_n another_o error_n in_o practice_n be_v this_o many_o in_o prune_v aprecot-tree_n wal-tree_n and_o
be_v danger_n in_o some_o ground_n lest_o they_o harbour_v ant_n or_o pismire_n about_o the_o tree_n root_n under_o the_o stone_n which_o i_o have_v see_v to_o the_o hurt_n and_o destruction_n of_o divers_a young_a tree_n but_o it_o be_v a_o safe_a and_o better_a way_n to_o lay_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o rot_a dung_n or_o litter_n straw_n etc._n etc._n round_o about_o the_o root_n of_o new_a set_a tree_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mould_n this_o keep_v they_o warm_a in_o winter_n and_o cool_v and_o moist_a in_o summer_n and_o steady_a and_o the_o moisture_n and_o fatness_n of_o the_o mock_n soak_v down_o to_o the_o root_n and_o refresh_v the_o tree_n very_o much_o or_o for_o want_v thereof_o lay_v a_o heap_n of_o weed_n round_o about_o the_o new_a set_a tree_n root_n and_o so_o all_o the_o next_o summer_n after_o these_o thing_n be_v special_a advantage_n to_o new_a set_a tree_n 423._o a_o tree_n at_o first_o set_v shall_v not_o be_v shake_v but_o after_o a_o year_n root_n than_o shake_v be_v good_a observation_n when_o young_a tree_n be_v first_o plant_v it_o be_v very_o convenient_a to_o set_v a_o stake_n to_o each_o of_o they_o and_o tie_v they_o together_o with_o a_o hayband_n or_o some_o soft_a band_n that_o wind_n shake_v they_o not_o and_o this_o not_o for_o a_o year_n only_o but_o divers_a year_n until_o the_o young_a tree_n be_v well_o root_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o also_o be_v grow_v strong_a that_o the_o wind_n bow_v not_o their_o body_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o grow_v crooked_a which_o fault_n i_o have_v see_v in_o very_a many_o tree_n cut_v away_o sucker_n 424._o and_o side_n bough_n make_v tree_n grow_v high_a all_o sucker_n must_v be_v cut_v away_o from_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n observation_n and_o as_o for_o side_n branch_n those_o may_v be_v cut_v as_o man_n be_v mind_v to_o have_v their_o tree_n to_o spread_v near_o or_o high_a from_o the_o ground_n but_o cut_v not_o the_o side_n branch_n too_o soon_o before_o the_o body_n be_v grow_v strong_a enough_o to_o bear_v the_o head_n else_o it_o will_v be_v top_n heavy_a and_o grow_v crooked_a to_o have_v many_o new_a root_n of_o fruit-tree_n 426._o lay_v the_o branch_n in_o the_o ground_n etc._n etc._n the_o branch_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o tree_n will_v not_o take_v root_n thus_o observation_n this_o way_n of_o propagation_n be_v only_o for_o some_o kind_n as_o mulberry_n fig_n vine_n quadling_n nurs-garden_n and_o some_o other_o kind_n of_o tree_n who_o branch_n be_v soft_a and_o porous_a as_o for_o aprecot_n peach_n and_o such_o like_a they_o will_v not_o take_v root_n thus_o i_o have_v try_v but_o not_o one_o root_n can_v be_v get_v neither_o will_v they_o take_v with_o graft_v i_o have_v try_v many_o the_o way_n to_o propagate_v these_o kind_n be_v by_o inoculate_v bud_n upon_o young_a stock_n full_a of_o sap_n 427._o from_o may_n to_o july_n you_o may_v take_v off_o thâ—_n bark_n of_o any_o bough_n etc._n etc._n and_o set_v it_o and_o it_o wilâ—_n grow_v to_o be_v a_o fair_a tree_n in_o one_o year_n the_o cause_n may_v be_v for_o that_o the_o bare_n from_o the_o bark_n keep_v the_o sap_n from_o descend_v towards_o winter_n observation_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o bough_n of_o some_o kind_n of_o tree_n will_v take_v root_n in_o this_o manner_n as_o be_v here_o express_v that_o be_v such_o kind_n as_o will_v take_v root_n with_o lay_v down_o in_o the_o ground_n mention_v in_o the_o last_o experiment_n which_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o set_v may_v grow_v to_o be_v a_o fair_a tree_n in_o certain_a year_n not_o in_o one_o year_n as_o be_v say_v for_o the_o root_n get_v in_o this_o manner_n be_v but_o small_a and_o very_o disproportionable_a to_o the_o bough_n so_o that_o it_o can_v come_v on_o but_o very_o poor_o and_o slow_o for_o divers_a year_n as_o for_o the_o bare_n from_o the_o bark_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o keep_v sap_n from_o descend_v towards_o winter_n i_o say_v the_o sap_n be_v as_o far_o from_o descend_v when_o the_o bark_n be_v on_o as_o when_o it_o be_v off_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o nature_n as_o descension_n of_o sap_n in_o any_o tree_n whatsoever_o this_o worthy_a author_n take_v this_o upon_o trust_n according_a to_o the_o general_a opinion_n of_o man_n for_o have_v he_o but_o stay_v a_o little_a to_o consider_v it_o he_o will_v have_v find_v it_o groundless_a and_o a_o mere_a conceit_n for_o all_o the_o sap_n that_o ascend_v into_o the_o body_n and_o branch_n of_o tree_n be_v change_v into_o wood_n bark_n bud_n blossom_n leaf_n and_o fruit_n it_o be_v turn_v inâ—o_o that_o body_n and_o substance_n which_o we_o see_v â—bove_o ground_n and_o none_o at_o all_o descend_v at_o â—ny_n time_n for_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n and_o therefore_o no_o such_o effect_n sap_n be_v continual_o ascend_v all_o the_o year_n long_o more_o or_o less_o either_o for_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o tree_n in_o summer_n or_o for_o the_o conservation_n of_o it_o in_o life_n and_o in_o all_o its_o dimension_n in_o winter_n for_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a extrastion_n of_o sap_n out_o of_o the_o body_n boughs_z and_o branch_n by_o the_o sun_n and_o aire_n as_o this_o author_n elsewhere_o assert_n and_o which_o experience_n prove_v now_o if_o there_o be_v at_o any_o time_n a_o descension_n also_o what_o then_o will_v become_v of_o the_o tree_n it_o will_v quick_o wither_v be_v contract_v and_o shrink_v apparent_o whosoever_o be_v unsatisfied_a with_o what_o be_v here_o say_v against_o descension_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n may_v see_v hereof_o more_o large_o many_o argument_n against_o it_o in_o my_o treatise_n of_o fruit-tree_n pag._n 191_o 192_o etc._n etc._n if_o tree_n bear_v not_o 428._o bear_v a_o hole_n through_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o it_o will_v bear_v perhaps_o this_o course_n may_v do_v some_o good_a in_o let_v out_o some_o superflous_a sap_n observation_n if_o too_o much_o repletion_n be_v the_o cause_n but_o there_o be_v divers_a other_o cause_n of_o barrenness_n of_o fruit-tree_n as_o too_o deep_a set_n the_o root_n run_v down_o into_o gravel_n clay_n water_n etc._n etc._n which_o must_v have_v answerable_a remeâ—dies_n and_o sometime_o it_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o tree_n that_o all_o the_o culture_n in_o the_o world_n use_v to_o the_o root_n and_o body_n wilâ—_n not_o help_v without_o engraft_v the_o brancheâ—_n with_o graft_n of_o some_o good_a bear_a kind_n which_o be_v the_o best_a way_n i_o know_v to_o have_v store_n of_o good_a fruit_n and_o speedy_o too_o from_o barren_a tree_n 429._o to_o make_v tree_n bear_v cleave_v the_o chief_a root_n and_o put_v in_o a_o small_a pebble_n observation_n this_o may_v be_v profitable_a not_o only_o for_o that_o the_o root_n may_v be_v barkâ—bound_a as_o well_o as_o the_o body_n and_o branch_n which_o must_v be_v score_v down_o and_o cut_v to_o the_o wood_n but_o also_o it_o will_v cause_v the_o root_n to_o shoot_v forth_o many_o small_a root_n at_o the_o place_n open_v which_o will_v afford_v more_o vigour_n life_n and_o sap_n to_o the_o branch_n and_o so_o make_v the_o tree_n strong_a and_o more_o in_o heart_n and_o able_a to_o bring_v forth_o more_o and_o fair_a fruit_n 430._o tree_n against_o a_o southwall_n have_v more_o of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n then_o when_o they_o grow_v round_o observation_n aprecot_n peach_n and_o such_o like_a â—old_a fruit_n will_v scarce_o ripen_v but_o against_o a_o 〈◊〉_d they_o have_v need_n both_o of_o the_o 〈…〉_z and_o reflex_n beam_n of_o the_o sun_n 〈…〉_z it_o be_v more_o practise_v to_o set_v some_o other_o choice_a kind_n of_o fruit_n upon_o a_o southwall_n as_o the_o great_a burgamet_n summer_n boncriten_v green-fleld_a pear_n and_o other_o special_a kind_n this_o will_v advantage_v they_o great_o not_o only_o in_o bigness_n but_o also_o in_o their_o early_a ripen_n and_o goodness_n of_o taste_n thus_o one_o or_o a_o few_o will_v be_v worth_a many_o ordinary_a one_o some_o pull_v off_o the_o leaf_n from_o wall_n tree_n 431._o that_o the_o sun_n may_v come_v the_o better_a upon_o the_o bough_n and_o fruit_n this_o may_v hasten_v ripen_v observation_n but_o it_o hinder_v the_o bigness_n of_o the_o fruit_n the_o sun_n ripen_v they_o before_o they_o have_v attain_v their_o natural_a greatness_n in_o case_n it_o prove_v then_o very_a hot_a weather_n so_o that_o if_o leaf_n be_v pull_v off_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v till_o fruit_n be_v at_o bige_v and_o then_o but_o where_o they_o overmuch_o shade_v the_o fruit_n some_o convenient_a shade_n by_o the_o leaf_n be_v as_o necessary_a for_o the_o fruit_n in_o order_n to_o bigness_n and_o goodness_n as_o the_o sun_n the_o lowness_n of_o the_o bough_n 432._o make_v the_o fruit_n great_a and_o to_o ripen_v