of 30. markes going foorthe of the issues and profites of that countie ouer and beside a M. markes by yeare assigned to him and to his saide wise and to the heires males of their bodyes begotten to be payde foorth of the Eschecker Froissart Iames Meir A treatie of â—…ringe for â—…he Earle of Cambridge About this time there was a treatie also for a mariage to be had betwixt the L. Edmond Erle of Cambridge and y e Lady Margaret daughter and heire to the Earle of Flanders whiche treatie went so farre that the Erle came ouer the Douer where the King was ready to receiue him there the Erle promised by words of affiance to gyue his said daughter vnto y e said L. EdmoÌ„d in mariage The Earle of â—…aunders and after that the Erle had bin at Douer the space of three dayes passing y e time in greate solace banquetting wheÌ„ he had finished his busines he returned backe againe into his countrey The Lord Laâ—…mer Whilest the K. was thus at Douer with the Erle of Flanders the L. Latimer came from the L. Iohn de Mountfort to vnderstande his pleasure touching y e offers that were made for peace vppon whose returne with aunswere the peace was concluded as before ye haue heard The king of 〈◊〉 chased â—…e of his â—…alme â—…ssart This yere was Peter K. of Castile chased out of his Realme by his bastard brother HeÌ„ry whiche was ayded in that enterprice by sir BerthraÌ„ de Cleaquin lately deliuered and other Frenchmen so that the said HeÌ„ry was crowned at Burgus vpon Easter day wherefore the saide Peter was costreined to flee so came to Burdeaux to sue for aid at the hands of the Prince of Wales This yere by y e kings coÌ„mandemeÌ„t a restraint was ordeined that Peter pence should not be froÌ„ thenceforth any more gathered within his realm nor any such paymente made at Rome whyche had bin vsed to be paid there euer fith the dayes of Ine King of West Saxons Peter pens Ine king of Westsaxons which ordeyned this paymente towarde the maintenaunce of a Schole for Englishe Schollers but howsoeuer this payment was abrogated at this time by K. Edwarde it was after renued againe and y e money gathered in certayne Shires of this realme till the dayes of King Henry the eight In this yeare A raynye haruest Caxton fell greate abundance of rayne in the time of hay haruest so that much corne and hay was lost There was also such fighting amongst sparrowes in that season that they were founde dead on the ground in great numbers Also Death there followed greate mortalitie of people the sicknesse being so sharp and vehemeÌ„t that many beeing in perfecte health ouer night when they went to bed wer found dead in y e morning Also many dyed of the small pockes both meÌ„ women and children Moreouer this yeare Simon Islep Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury departed this life and Simon Langham Byshop of Elie succeeded in his place This yeare at Burdeaux King Richard the seconde borne was borne the second sonne of Prince Edward named Richard on y e third day of Aprill his Godfather at y e fount stone was Iamys K. of Maiorke Peter Kyng of Spayne whiche as ye haue heard was expulsed out of his realme by his bastard brother made suche earnest sute vnto the Prince of Wales for aide to be restored home that finally the Prince aduertising his father K. Edwarde of the whole matter by aduice from him determined to bring home the saide K. Peter Froissart to restore him agayne to his kingdome by force of armes in despite of al his aduersaries The Prince indeede was very desirous to take this enterprice vpon him both of a certain pitiful affection to relieue the miserable state of K. Peter also of an ardent desire which he had to purchase a glorious fame through martiall deedes and noble actes of chiualrie Therefore hauing this occasion to employ his time in such exercises and now coÌ„manded thereto of his father he was exceedingly glad in his mind and w t all speede y t might be made his prouision both of a sufficient army of meÌ„ of war also of all other things necessary for the furniture of such an enterprise but first he tooke good assuraÌ„ce of king Peter for y e paimeÌ„t of y e souldiers wages so y t K. Peter left at BaioÌ„ne three of his daughters Beatrice CoÌ„stance Isabell as pledges for performaÌ„ce of al y e couenants agreed betwixt him the Prince Thus wheÌ„ y e Prince 1367. An. reg 41. by y e aduice couÌ„saile of sir Iohn Chandos sir Robert Knolles by whome he was much ruled had takeÌ„ directioÌ„ in his busines for that his iourney into Spayne in each condition as was thought behoofefull he with the K. of Spaine in his company The prince Setteth foreward towardes Spayne passed foorth with a right puissante army and came to y e streghtes of Ronceualle at the entrie into Nauerre and obteyning so muche friendship of the King of Nauerre as to haue the passages of hys countrey opened He entreth into Nauarre they entred into his realme thorough the same as friendes without finding any resistance In this meane time Henry Kyng of Spaine hauing knowledge that the Prince of Wales was thus comming againste him to restore his brother King Peter to his former degree by aduice of sir Berthram de Cleaquin gote a great number of souldiers out of Fraunce by whose aide he might the better defend himselfe against his enimies It chanced that whilest the Prince of Wales was passing thorough Nauarre The king of Nauarre taken by the French men towarde the entrie of Spaine certaine of those Frenchmenne vnder the leading of sir Oliuer Manny tooke the King of Nauarre prisoner as he was riding from one Towne to an other many maruelled of that chance and some there were that thought he suffered himselfe to be taken for a cautele bycause hee woulde not ayde the Prince of Wales anye further nor conduct him through his Realme as hee had promised to doe But the Prince nothing dismaid herewith passed forwarde by the guyding of a Knighte of Nauarre Sir Martin de Care called sir Martin de Kare and finally came to the confynes of Spayne and lodged at Victoria not farre from his enimies For Kyng Henry of Spayne vnderstanding whiche way the Prince drewe came forwarde to encounter him and pight downe his fielde not farre froÌ„ the bordures of his Realme at a place called Saint Muchavle Saint Muchaule and thus were both the hostes lodged within a small distance the one againste the other The king of Spayn sendeth to the prince King Henry had sent to the Prince an Herault of armes with a letter requiring to knowe of him for what cause he moued warre agaynste him sith he had neuer offended him The Prince taking deliberation for aunswere
in garrison and therewith on the morrowe after the feast of Simon and Iude hee raysed his field The King returneth foorth of Wales Irishmen destroyed Anglesey and returned towards England leauing the Welchmen in great miserie and lyke to sterue for want of necessary foode For the I le of Anglesey whiche is as a nurse to the Welchmen those Irishmen that came to the Kynges ayde had vtterly wasted and destroyed Agayne the King of purpose had consumed all the prouision of Corne and vittayles whiche remayned in the Marches so that in Cheshire and other the parties adioyning there was such dearth that the people vnneth could get sufficiente vittayle to susteyne themselues withall The King also gaue forth commandement A dearth that no prouision of corne or vittayles should be conneyed vnto the Welchmen out of any partes eyther of Englande or Irelande on payne of forfeyting lyfe landes and goodes Brine pittes destroyed in Wales The Lorde Maurice chief Iustice of Irelande Moreouer he caused the brine pittes in Wales to be stopped vp and destroyed Thus the Kyng hauing ordred his businesse returned into Englande and shortly after taking displeasure with the Lord Maurice chiefe Iustice of IrelaÌ„d bycause he had not made suche speede as had 〈◊〉 conuenient in bringing the Irishmen to his 〈◊〉 he discharged him of the office of chiefe Iustice and placed in his roomth Iohn Fitz Geffrey Iâ—…â—…frey 〈…〉 Iâ—… this .xxx. yere of K. Henries raigne Ma The 〈◊〉 of Wâ—… 〈…〉 Walter Erle Marshal and of Pembroke departed this life and shortly after to witte three dayes before Christmas his brother Anselme that succeeded him 〈◊〉 the inheritance deceassed also without issue and so all the fiue sonnes of the great Earle William Marshall beeing departed this world withoute heires of their bodies begotten the whole heritage discended to y e sisters and so was deuided amoÌ„gst them as coparteners 124â—… The K. this yeare held hys Christmas at London and had there with hym a greate number of the nobilitie of his Realme whiche hadde bin with him in Wales that they mighte be partakers of pastime mirth and pleasure as they had bin participauÌ„t with him in suffering y e diseases of heate colde and other paines abroade in the fieldes and high Mountaynes of Wales But that no pleasure should passe without some steyne of griefe ther was a rumor spred abroade that the Pope had conceyued freshe rancor in his stomacke against the K. and Realm of England for the complayntes which had bin exhibited in the Counsell at Lion by the Englishe Orator for the oppression done to the Church of England that therevpon minding nowe to bee reuenged as was sayde The Poâ—… quiâ—… French 〈◊〉 to make againâ—… lande hee earnestly moued the Frenche King to make warre against the Englishmen and to subdue them vnder his dominion whiche enterprice the French King vtterly refused both for that hee and the King of Englande were Cousins and againe The Frâ—… King 〈◊〉 to gâ—… Pope 〈◊〉 bycause the Kyng of Fraunce had no iust title of right to make claime to Englande And further there was as theâ—… a truce betwixt England and Fraunce and before that Englande could be subdued muche giltlesse bloud should be spilt Also the Christians in the holy lande were sore oppressed and looked dayly for the arriuall of the Kyng of Fraunce therefore he would be loth to attempt any new enterprise to hinder his iorney thither But about the feast of the Epiphany other newes came out of Prouaunce that troubled the Kyng of England worse than the other before as thus The Câ—… of Proâ—… dealeth â—…stly witâ—… King of 〈◊〉 land 〈◊〉 in laâ—… That the Countesse Beatrice his wiues mother had delyuered vp the Countie of Prouaunce into y e FreÌ„ch Kings handes togyther with sixteene Castels whiche in right of the Queene ought to haue remayned vnto the King of England and for the safekeeping of the same to hys vse The sayde Countesse Bratrice hadde receyued yeerely for the tearme of fyue yeares last past the summe of foure thousande markes of the Kyngs of Englande and get nowe in the deliuering of them with the residue of the Countrey vnto y e French King she neuer made any mention of his right â—…es the 〈◊〉 Kings â—…er is 〈◊〉 Earle of â—…ace Shortly after also Charles the French kings brother married the Ladye Beatrix yongest daughter of Earle Raymond and had with hir the same Countie of Prouaunce and so was entituled Earle thereof as in the Frenche History appeareth Archâ—…op of â—…terbury â—…aseth â—…e of the 〈◊〉 to leuie â—…y Moreouer the Archbyshop of Caunterbury procured a graunt from the Pope to recouer for one yeare the first fruites of all Charges that chaÌ„ced to be voyd within the Citie diocesse and prouince of Caunterbury by during the tearme of seuen yeares then next following till the summe of tenne thousand markes were leuied towardes the discharge of the sayde Archebyshops debtes The collection of the whiche tenne thousande markes was assigned by the Popes Bulles vnto the Byshop of Hereford who shoulde also leauie two thousande markes of the reuenewes belonging to the Churche of Caunterbury to be conuerted to the same vse The King at the first was sore offended heerewith but shortly after hee was pacified and so the Archbyshop had his will â—…d prince â—…ales ceâ—…th this After this aboute the beginning of the nexte spring Dauid Prince of Wales departed thys life after great pensiuenesse of mynde for the destruction and miserie into the which his countrey had bin broughte through the presente warres with the EnglishmeÌ„ After his decesse y e Welchmen elected to succeede in his place Griffin â—…n Prince Wales the sonne of Griffin whome King Henry had reteyned in seruice and honorably vsed euen of a childe but now that he heard that the Welchmen had elected him to their Prince he stale away and fledde into Wales On the day of the Purification of our Lady a robberie was committed vpon certayne Iewes at Oxforde â—…es robbed Oxford for the whiche fact fiue and fortie of the offendors were put in prison but at the sute of Robert Bishop of Lincolne they were deliuered by the Kyngs commaundement bycause no man impeached them of any breache of peace or other crime â—…e Londoâ—… pay a â—…ge The Citizens of London also about the beginning of the spring were compelled to pay a talage wherewith they founde themselues sore agreeued â—…arliament About the middest of Lent there was a Parliament holden at London wherin diuers statutes and ordinances were deuised as penalties for those that offended in other mens Parkes â—…tuâ—… aâ—… huÌ„ters and warrennes but the chiefest occasion of assembling this Parliamente was to take aduice in matters touching the griefes wherewith the Church of England seemed to be oppressed by the Pope and the Court of Rome The Pope indede to quiet the Englishe Ambassadors and
Kyng to enter into this Realme and to leauie warre againste the King and his people to the intent to destroy the K. and his frendes and to make Iohn his son King of this realm marying him to Margaret sole heire to Iohn Duke of Somerset pretending and declaring hir to be nexte heire inheritable to the crowne for lack of issue of the kings body laufully begotten 2 Item the saide Duke being of the Kings priuie and neare counsaile allured by greate rewards and faire promisses made by the forsaid Earle of Dunois caused the King to delyuer and sette at libertye Charles Duke of Orleans ennemy to the King and the Kings noble father whiche delyueraunce was prohibited by expresse words in the laste will of the kings moste victorious father 3 Item that beefore the departure of the saide Duke of Orleans the aforenamed Duke of Suffolke trayterouslye faste cleauyng to Charles called the Frenche King counsailed prouoked and entised the saide Duke of Orleans to moue the same Kyng to make warre againste England both in Fraunce and Normandie according to which procurement and counsayle the saide Frenche King hathe recouered the whole Realme of Fraunce and all the Duchie of Normandie and taken prisoners the Earle of Shrewesoury the Lorde Fauconbridge and many other valiant Capitaines These three Articles aforenamed he denyed eyther for facte or thought 4 Farther it was alledged that he beeyng ambassador for the K. of England to Charles calling hymselfe Frenche King promysed to Reyner king of Sicile and to Charles Dangiers his brother ennemies to the king the release of Aniow wyth the deliueraunce of the Countie of Maine and the citie of Mawnt or Mauns wythout the knowledge of the other Ambassadours which him accompanied which promise after his return he caused to be performed to the kings disinheritance and losse irrecuperable and to the strengthe of his enemies and feeblishement of the Duchie of Normandie To this article he answered that his commission was to conclude and doo all thinges accordyng to his discretion for the obteynyng of a peace and bycause wythout deliuerye of those countreys hee perceyued that truce coulde not bee obteyned he agreed to the release and deliueraunce of them 5 Also they surmised that the saide Duke beeing in Fraunce in the Kings seruice and one of the priuiesie of his counsaile there traiterouslye declared and opened to the Capitains and Conduiters of warre apperteyning to the Kinges enemies the Kinges counsaile purueyance of his armies furniture of his towns and all other ordynaunces whereby the Kings enemies enformed by hys trayterouse information haue gotten Townes and fortresses and the king by that meane depriued of his inherytaunce 6 Item the sayde Duke declared to the Earle of Dunoys to the Lord Presigny and Wyllyam Cosinet ambassadors for the french king lying in Londō the priuities of the kings counsaile bothe for the prouision of further warre and also for defence of the Duchie of Normandye by the disclosing whereof the Frenchemenne knowing the Kinges secretes preuented the tyme and obteyned theyr purpose 7 Item that the saide Duke at suche time as the King sent Ambassadours to the French King for the intreating of peace tr◅cou◅y beefore their comming to the Frenche Courte certified king Charles of their commission authoritie and instructions by reason whereof neither peace nor amitie succeded the kings inheritaunce loste and by hys enemyes possessed 8 Item the same Duke sayde openly in the starre chamber before the lords of the counsaile that hee had as highe a place in the counsaile house of the French king as hee had there and was aswell truffed there as here and could remoue from the French king the p◅iest man of his counsaile if hee would 9 Item when armies haue bene p◅ared and souldiours readie waged to passe on◅ the Sea to resiste the Kings enemies the sayde duke corrupted by rewards of the french king hathe restrayned and stayed the saide armies to passe any farther 10 Item the said Duke being Ambassador for the King comprised not in the league as the kings alies neyther the king of Arragon neyther the Duke of Britaigne but suffred them to bee comprised on the contrarie parte by reason wherof the olde amitie of the king of Arragon is estranged from this Realme and the Duke of Britaine became enemie to the same Giles his brother the Kinges sure freinde caste in strong prison and there like to ende and finishe his dayes All these obiections hee vtterly denyed or faintly auoided but none fully excused Diuers other crimes were layde to hys charge as enriching hymselfe with the Kynges goodes and lands gathering togither and making a Monopolie of offices fees wardes and Farmes by reason wherof the Kings estate was greatly minished and decayed and he and his kinne highely exalted and enriched with many other pointes which bycause they be not notable nor of greate force or strengthe I omitte and ouerpasse The Quene which entierly loued the duke doubting some commotion and troudle to arise if hee were let go vnpunished The Duke of Suffolke committed to the Tovver caused him to be committed to the tower where he remained not paste a Moneth but was agayne deliuered and restored to the Kynges fauour as muche as euer hee was beefore This dooing so much displeased the people that if politike prouision hadde not bin greate mischiefe had immedyatly ensued for the commons in sundry places of the Realme assembled togyther in greate companyes and chose to them a Capitaine whome they called Blewberde Blevvberde Capitaine of the Rebe◅ but ere they hadde attempted any enterprise their leaders were apprehended and so the matter pacified without any hurte committed After this little rage thus asswaged the parliament was adiourned to Leicester whyther came the King and Queene in great estate and wyth them the Duke of Suffolke as chiefe counsellors The commons of the lower house not forgetting their olde grudge besought the King that suche persons as assented to the release of Aniow and delyueraunes of Mayne might bee duely punished and to bee priuie to that sake they accused as principall the Duke of Suffolke with Iohn Bishop of Salisbury and Sir Iames Fines Lord Day and diuers other When the king perceiued that there was ◅o remedy to appease the peoples fury by any dissembling wayes to beginne a shorte way to pacifie so long an hatred hee fyste sequestred the Lorde Saye being Threasourer of England and other the Dukes adherems from their offices and toomthes and after banished the Duke of Suffolke as the abhorred tode and common noysaunce of the realme for the terme office yeares meaning by this exile to appease the furious rage of the people and after when the matter was forgotten to reuolte hym home againe but fortune woulde not that to vngracious a person shoulde so escape for when hee shipped in Suffolke intending to transporte ouer into Fraunce hee was encountred with a shippe of warre apperteyning to the Duke of Exceter Connestable of
long before his death wherof eche of his childreÌ„ so sone as he was enterred toke seisure and possession Howbeit after two yeres it happened that Albanact was slayne wherevpon Locrinus and Camber raysed their powers reuenged his death and finally the sayde Loctinus made an entraunce vpoÌ„ Albania seyzed it into his owne handes as excheated wholly vnto himselfe without yéelding any part therof vnto his brother Camber who made no clayme nor title vnto any portion of the same Herby then sayth Adams it euidently appeareth that the entier seigniorie ouer Albania consisted in Locrinus according to which example lykeland among brethren euer since hath continued in preferring the eldest brother to the onely benefite of the collaterall assencion from the youngest asswell in Scotlande as in England vnto this daye Ebranke the lineall heire from the bodie of this Locrine that is to say the sonne of Mempris sonne of Madan sonne of the same Locrine buylded in Albania the castle of Maydens nowe called Edenbrough and the Castle of Alcluith or Alclude now called Dunbriton as the Scottish Hector Boethius confesseth wherby it most euidently appeareth that our Ebranke was then thereof seased This Ebranke reigned in the 〈…〉 ouer theÌ„ a long time after whose death Albania as annexed to the empire of the Britaine descended to the onely king of Britons vntill the discent to the two sisters sonnes Mâ—â—gan and Conedage lineall heires from the sayde Ebranke who brotherly vpoÌ„ the first example deuided y e realme MorgaÌ„ had Lhoegrâ—â— and Conedage haâ—… Albanâ—â— but shortly after Morgan the elder brother pondeâ—â—â—g in hys hed the loue to his brother with the loue to a kingdome excluded nature gaue place to ambition and therupoÌ„ denouncing warre death miserably ended hys life as the rewarde of his vntruth wherby Conedage obtayned the whole Empire of all Britaine in which state he remayned during his naturall lyfe From him the same lineally descended to the onelye king of Britons vntill after the reigne of Gorbodian who had issue two sons Ferres and Porres This Porres requyring lyke diuision of the lande affirming the forâ—…er particions to be rather of lawe then fauour was by the handes of his elder brother both of his lyfe and hoped kingdome bereued at once whereupon their vnnaturall mother vsing hir natural malice for the deth of hir one sonne without regard of the lossing of both miserably slew the other Cloten by all writers aswell Scottishe as other was the next inheritour to the whole Empire but lacking power the only meane in those dayes to obtayne right he was contented to deuide the same among thrée of his kinsmen so that Scater had Albania But after the death this Cloten his sonne Dunnallo Mulmutius made warâ—…e vpon these thrée Kinges and at last ouercame them and so recouered the whole dominion in token of which victorie he caused himselfe to be crowned with a crowne of gold the very first that was worne among the kinges of this nation This Dunuallo erected temples wherein the people shoulde assemble for Prayer to which temples he gaue benefite of Sanctuarie he made the 〈◊〉 for wager of battaile in cases of murder and â—â—lonte whereby a théefe that lyued and made his art of â—…ighting shoulde for his purgation fight wyth the true man which he had robbed but he beléeued that the Goddes for then they supposed many would by myracle assigne victorie to the innocent partie The priuileges of which first sawe benefite of the latter aswell in Scotlande as in Englande be midyed to this day few causes by late positiue lawes among vs excepted wherein the benefite of wager of battaâ—…le is expelled â—… by which obedience to hys lawes it doth manifestly appeare that thys Dunuallo was then seased of Albania nowe called Scotland This Dunuallo reigned in thys estate ouer them many yeares Beline Brenne the sonnes of this Dunuallo dyd after theyr fathers death fauourably deuide the land betwéene them so that Beline had Logres and Brenne had Albania but for that this Brenne a subiect without the consent of his elder brother and Lord aduentured to marry with the daughter of the king of Denmarke Beline seased Albania into his owne handes and thereuppon caused the notable wayes priuileged by Dunuallons Lawes to be newly wrought by mens handes which for the length was from the furder part of Cornewall vnto the the sea by North Cathnes in Scotland for religion in those daies he coÌ„stituted ministers called Archeflamines in their functions most like the aucthoritie of Bishoppes at this daye the one of which remained at Ebranke now called Yorke and whose power exteÌ„ded to y e vttermost bondes of Albany wherby lykewyse appeareth that it was then within his dominion After his death the whole Isle was enioyed by the onlye kings of Britaine vntill the tyme of Vigenius and Perydurus lineall heires from the sayde Belyne who fauourably made particion so that Vigenius had all the land from Humber south and Perydurus from thence North all Albania This Vigenius died and Perydurus suruiued and thereby obtayned the whole from whome the same quietly discended and was by his posteritie accordingly enioyed vnto the reigne of king Coell of that name the first In hys tyme an obscure nation by most writers supposed Scithians passed by seas from Irelande and arriued in that part of Britaine called Albania against whome this Coell assembled his power and being entred Albania to expell theÌ„ one Fergus in the night disguised entered the tent of this Coell and in his bed traiterously slew him This Fergus was therefore in reward of such vertue made there King whereupon they sat downe in that part with their wiues and children and called it Scotlande and themselues Scottes from the beginning of the worlde After the Scottishe accompt foure thousande and sixe hundred and seuentéene yeares which by iust computacion and confession of all their owne wryters is sixe hundred yeares lacking tenne after that Brutus had reigned ouer y e whole Island the same land being enioyed by him and his posteritie before their comming during two and fiftie discentes of the kinges of Britaine Certes this intrusion into a land so many hundred yeares before inhabited and by so many disceÌ„ts of kings quietly enioyed is the best tytle that all their owne writers alledge for them This Fergus hereupoÌ„ immediately did deuyde Albania also amoÌ„g his Capitaines and their people whereby it most euidently appeareth that there were no people of that nation inhabiting there before in proofe wherof the same particion shall followe The landes of Cathnes lying against Orknay 〈…〉 betwéene Dummesbey and the Water of Thane was giuen vnto one Cornath a capitaine and his people The landes betwéene the Water of Thane and Nes nowe called Rosse lying in bredth from Cromart to the mouth of the water of Lochte were giuen to Lutorke another Capitaine and his people The landes betwéene Spay and Nes from the Almaine seas to the Ireland
Seas now called Murray land were giueÌ„ to one Warroche and his people The lande of Thalia now called Boyn Aynze Bogewall Gariot Formartine and Bowguhan were giuen to one Thalis and his people The landes of Marr Badezenoche Lochquhaber were giuen to Marrache and his people The lands of Lorne and Kintier with the hilles mountaynes thereof lying from Mar to the Irelande seas were giuen to Capitaine Nonaunce and his people The landes of Athole were giuen to Atholus another capitaine his people The landes of Strabraun and Brawdawane lying West from Dunkell were giuen to Creones and Epidithes two Capitaynes The landes of Argile were giuen to Argathelus a Capitaine The landes of Linnor Clidisdale were allotted to Lolgona a captaine The landes of Siluâ—…ia now called Kile Carrike and Cunyngham were giuen to Silurche another Capitaine The landes of Brigance nowe called Gallowaie were giuen to the compaignie called Brigandes which as their best menne were appointed to dwell next the Britons who afterwarde expulsed the Britons from Aunandale in Albany whereby it is confessed to be before inhabited by Britons The residue of the lande now called Scotland that is to say Meirnis Angas SteremoÌ„de Gowry Strahern Pirth Fiffe Striucling Callendes Calderwoode Lougthian Mers Teuedale with other the rement Dales and the Sherifdome of Berwicke were then enioyed by a nacion mingeled in marriage wyth Britons and in their obedience whose capitaine called Berynger buylded the castle towne of Berwicke vpon Twede and these people were called Pictes vppon whome by the death of this Coell these Scottes had oportunitie to vse warre wherof they ceased not vntill such time as it pleased God to appoint an other Coli king of BritoÌ„s agaynst whose name albeit they hoped for a like victory to y e first yet he preuayled and ceased not his â—…ar vntill these Scotâ—…es were vtterly expulsed out of all the boundes of Britayne in which they neuer dared to reenter vntill the troublesome raigne of Scicill kyng of Britones which was the xij king after this Coll. Duryng all which tyme the countrey was reenhabited by the Britons But then the Scots turning the ciuill discord of this realme betwene this Sycill and his brother Blede to their best auauntage arriued agayne in Albania there made one Reuther theyr king Vpon this their new arriuall new warre was made vpon them by this Sicill kyng of Britons in which warre Reuther their new kyng dyed and There as succéeded agaynst whom the warre of Britones ceaâ—…ed not vntill he fréely submitted himselfe vnto the said Sicill king of Britones at Ebranke that is Yorke where shortly after the tenth yeare of his raigne he dyed Fynnane brother of Iosine succeded by their election to the kingdom of Scottes who shortly after compelled by the warres of the same Sicill declared hymselfe subiect and for the better assuraunce of his fayth and obessaunce to the kyng of Britons deliuered his sonne Durstus into the handes of this Sicill who fantesâ—…yng y e child and hopyng by his owne succession to alter their subtiltle I will not say duplicitie maried hym in the ende to Agasia hys owne daughter This Durstus was their next kyng but for that he had maried a Britton woman thoughe she was a kynges daughter the scots hated hym for the same cause for which they ought rather to haue liked hym â—…he better and therfore not onely traiterously slewe hym but further to declare the ende of theyr malice dishenheriâ—â—â— as much as in them was the â—â—hes of the same Durstus and Agasia Hherupon new warre sprong betwene them and vs which 〈◊〉 not vntill they were contented to receyue Edeir to theyr kyng the 〈◊〉 in bloudâ—… then liuyng discended from Durstus and Agasia and thereby the bloud of Britons of the partâ—… of the mother was restored to the crowne of Albania so that nature whose law is immutable caused this hand of loue to hold For shortly after this Edeir attended vpon Castibelane king of Britons for the repulse of Iulius Caesar as their owne author Boctius confesseth Who coÌ„mauÌ„ded the same as his subiect but Iulius Caesar after his third arriual by treâ—…son of 〈◊〉 preuayled against the 〈◊〉 and thereupon 〈◊〉 this Eder into scotland and as 〈…〉 mentalies subdued all the Isle of 〈◊〉 which thoughe the liuyng Scottes 〈…〉 their head writers confesse that he cause beyond Callender woode and call downe Camelon the principall city of Picâ—…tes and in token of this victory not â—…ere from 〈◊〉 builded a round Temple 〈…〉 which remayned in some perfection vnto the raign of our king Edwarde called the first after the Conquest by whome it was 〈◊〉 but the monumeÌ„t therof remayneth to thys 〈◊〉 Marius the son of Arâ—â—ragus being king of all Britaine in his tyme one Rodericke a Scythian with a greatâ—…rable of needy souldiours came to the water of Frithe in Scotland which is an arme of the sea deuidyng Pentland from Fiffe against whome thys Marius assembled a power by whiche he slew this Rodericke and discomfited his people in Westmerland but to those that remained in lyfe he gaue the countrey of Cathenes in Scotlande which prooueth it to be within hys owne dominion Coill the sonne of this Marius had 〈◊〉 Lucius counted the first christiaÌ„ king of this nacion â–ª he conueâ—â—ed the thrée 〈◊〉 of this land into Bishoprikes and ordeyned bishops vnto eche of them the first remained at London and his power extended from the farthest part of Cornewall to Humber water the second remayned at Yorke and hys power stretched from Humber to y e farthest part of all Scotland The third remayned at Caerles vpoÌ„ the riuer of Wiske in Glamorgan in Wales and his power extended froÌ„ Seuerne thorough all Wales Some write that he made but two turned their names to Archbishops the one to remayne at Canterbury the other at Yorke yet they confesse that 〈◊〉 of Yorke had iurisdiction through all Scotland eyther of which is sufficient to proue scotlaÌ„d to be then vnder his dominion Seuerus by birth Romaine but in bloud a Briton and the lineall heire of the body of Androgius son of Luâ—… and Nephwe of Cassibelaine was shortly after Emperour and king of Britons in whose tyme the people to whom his auncester Marius gaue the land of Cathenes in Scotland conspired wyth the Scottes and receyued them from the Isles into Scotland But hereupon this Seuerus came into Scotland and méetyng with their fayth and false hartes together droue them all out of the mayne lande into Isles the vttermost bondes of all great Britayne But notwithstanding this glorious victory the Britons considering their seruitude to the Romaines imposed by treason of Androgeus auncester to this Seuerus began to hate hym whome yet they had no tyme to loue who in their defence and suretie had slayne of the Scottes and their confederates in one battaile xxx thousandes but such was the coÌ„sideration of the common sort in those dayes whose malice no tyme
ecclesiasticall thorough Christendome conferred the whole clergy of Scotland accordyng to the olde lawes vnder the iurisdiction of the Archbishop of Yorke In the yeare of our Lord 1185. in the month of August at Cairleil Roulande Talnante lord of Galway did homage and fealty to the said king Henry with all that held of hym In the 22. yeare of the raigne of king Henry the 2. Gilbert sonne of Ferguse prince of Galway did homage and fealtie to the sayd king Henry and left Dunecan his sonne in hostage for conseruation of peace Richard surnamed Coeur de Lyon sonne of this Henry was next king of england to whoÌ„ the same William king of Scottes dyd homage at Caunterbury for the kyngdome of Scotland This king Richard was taken prisoner by the Duke of Ostrich for whose redemptioÌ„ the whole realme was taxed at great summes of money vnto the which this William king of Scots as a subiect was contributory and payed two M. markes sterlyng In the yere of our Lord 1199. Iohn kyng of england sent to William king of Scottes to come do his homage which William came to Lincolne in the moneth of December the same yeare and did his homage there vpon an hill in the presence of Hubert Archbishop of Caunterbury and of all the people there assembleâ—… and there was sworne vpon the crosse of the said Hubert Also he grâ—â—â—ted by his charter conâ—â—â—â—ed that he should haue the mariage of Alexander hys 〈◊〉 as hys liegeman alwayes to hold of the king of england promising moreâ—â—er that he the sayde king William his soâ—…e Alexander should kepe and hold faith and allegeance to Henry 〈◊〉 of the sayd king Iohn as to their chiefe Lord against all maner of men Also where as William king of Scots had put Iohn Bishoppe of s Andrewe out of his Bishopricke Pope Clemente wrote to Henry kyng of englande that he shoulde 〈◊〉 and indure the same William and if néede were requyre by hys Royall power compell hym to leaue his rancour agaynst y e sayd Bishop and suffer him to haue and occupye his sayde Bishopricke againe In the yeare of our Lorde 1216. and fiue and twenty of y e reign of king Henry sonne to king Iohn the same king Henry and the Quéene were at Yorke at y e feast of Christmasse for the solemnization of a marryage made in the feast of s Stephane the Martir the same yeare betwéene Alexander king of Scottes Margarete the kings daughter and there the sayde Alexander dyd homage to Henry king of Englande In Buls of diuers Popes were admonitions geueÌ„ to the kings of Scottes that they should obserue truly kéepe all such appointments as had ben made betwéene the kings of england and Scotland And that the kings of Scotland should holde the realme of Scotlande of the kings of englande vpon payne of curse and interditing After the deathe of Alexander kyng of Scottes Alexander his sonne beyng nyne yeres of age was by the lawes of Edgar inwarde to king Henry the 3. and by the nobles of Scotland brought to Yorke and there deliuered to him During whose minoritie king Henry gouerned Scotland and to subdue a commocion in this realme vsed the ayde of v. M. Scottishmen but king Henry dyed during the nonage of this Alexander whereby he receiued not his homage which by reason and law was respited vntil his full age of xxj yeares Edward the first after the conquest sonne of this Henry was next king of england immediately after whose coronation AlexaÌ„der king of Scottes being then of ful age did homage to hym for Scotlande at Westminster swearyng as all the reast did after this maner I.D.N. king of Scottes shal be true and faithfull vnto you Lorde E. by the grace of God king of England the noble and superior lord of the kingdome of Scotland and vnto you I make my fidelitie for the same kingdome the which I hold and claime to hold of you And I shall beare you my faith and fidelitie of lyfe and limme and worldly honour against all meÌ„ faithfully I shall knowledge and shall doe you seruice due vnto you of the kingdom of Scotland aforesayde as God me so helpe and these holy Euangelies This Alexander king of Scottes died leauing one only daughter called Margaret for his heire who before had maried Hanygo sonne to Magnus king of Norway which daughter also shortly after died leauyng one onely daughter her heire of the age of two yeares whose custody and mariage by the lawes of king Edgar and Edward the confessour belonged to Edward the first whervpon the nobles of Scotland were commauÌ„ded by our king Edward to send into Norway to conuey this yong Quéene into England to him whom he entended to haue maried to his soÌ„ne Edward and so to haue made a perfite vnion betwéene bothe Realmes Hereuppon their nobles at that tyme considering the same tranquillitie that many of them haue sithens refused stoode not vpon shiftes and delayes of minoritie nor conteÌ„pt but most gladly consented and therupon sent two noble men of Scotlande into Norway for hir to be brought to this king Edwarde but she died before their comming thither therefore they required nothing but to enioye the lawful liberties that they had quietly possessed in the last king Alexander his tyme. After the death of this Margaret the Scots were destitute of any heire to the crown from this Alexander their last king at which time this Edwarde discended from the bodye of Mawde daughter of Malcolme sometyme king of Scottes beyng then in the greatest broile of his warres with Fraunce mynded not to take the possession of that kingdome in his own right but was contented to establish Balioll to be king therof the weake title betwene him Bruse Hastings being by the humble peticion of all the realme of Scotland committed to the determination of this king Edward wherin by autentique writing they confessed the superioritie of the realme to remaine in king Edward sealed with the seales of iiij Bishops vij earles and xij barons of Scotland which shortly after was by the whole assent of y e thrée estates of Scotland in their solemne Parliament confessed and enacted accordingly as most euidently doth appeare The Balioll in this wise made kyng of ScotlaÌ„d did immediately make hys homage and fealty at Newcastle vpon saint Freâ—â—â—â— day as 〈◊〉 likewise all the Lordes of Scotland â—â—he one setting his hand to the compoâ—â—â—ion in writing to king Edward of England for the kingdom of Scotland but shortly after defrauding the benigne goodnesse 〈◊〉 this king Edward he rebelled and did 〈◊〉 much hurt in englande Hereupon king Edward inuaded Scotland seaâ—â—d into his haÌ„dâ—… the greater part of the countrey and tooke all the strengthes thereof whereuppon Baliol king of Scottes came vnto king Edwarde at Mauntrosse in Scotland with a white 〈◊〉 in his hand and there resigned the crownâ—… of Scotland with all his right title and interest to the same into the
the March to haue their homages released whose good will therin they obtayned so that for the same release they shoulde pay to thys king Edward thirtie thousand poundes sterling in thrée yeares next following that is to say tenne thousand pounde sterling yearely But bicause the nobilitie commons of this realme woulde not by parliament consent vnto it their king being within age the same release procéeded not albeit the Scottes ceased not their practises with thys Quéene and Earle But before those three yeres in which their money if y e bargaine had taken place shoulde haue béene payed were exspired our king Edwarde inuaded Scotlande and ceased not the warre vntill Dauid the sonne of Robert le Bruse then by their election king of scotlande absolutelye submytted hymselfe vnto hym But for that the sayde Dauid Bruse had before by practise of the Quéene and the Earle of Marche marryed Iane the sister of this king Edward he mooued by naturall zeale to his sister was contented to giue the realme of scotlande to this Dauid Bruse to the heires that shoulde be degotten of the body of the sayde Iane sauing the reuersion and meane homages to this king Edwarde and to his owne children wherewith the same Dauid Bruse was right well contented and therevpon immediately made his homage for scotlande vnto him Howbeit shortly after causelesse conteyning cause of displeasure this Dauid procured to disolue this same estate taâ—…ly and thervpon not onely rebelled in scotlande but also inuaded englande whylest king Edwarde was occupyed about hys warres in France But this Dauid was not onely expelled englaÌ„d in th end but also thinking no place a sufficient defence to his vntrueth of his owne accorde fled out of scotlaÌ„d wherby the couÌ„treis of Annandale Gallaway Mars Teuydale Twedale and Ethrike were seased into the king of englandes handes and new Marches set betwéene englande and scotland at Cockburnes pathe and Sowtry hedge which wheÌ„ this Dauid weÌ„t about to recouer againe his power was discomfited and himself by a few englishmen taken and brought into englande where he remayned prysoner eleuen yeres Duryng thys tyme kyng Edwarde enioyed Scotlande peaceably and then at the contemplacion and wery suite of his sorowfull sister wyfe of this Dauid he was contented once againe to restore him to the kingdome of Scotlande wherevpon it was concluded that for this rebellion Dauid shoulde paye to king Edward the somme of one hundred thousande markes sterling and thereto destroy all his holdes and fortresses standing agaynst the english borders further assure the crowne of scotland to the children of thâ—â— kyng Edward for lacke of heire of his owâ—â— bodye all which thinges he dyd accordingly And for the better assurance of his obeisance also he afterward deliuered into the haÌ„ds of king Edward sundry noble men of scotlaÌ„d in this behalf as his pledges And this is the effect of the history of Dauid touching his dâ—â—lings now let vs sée what was done by Edwarde Bailioll whereof our Chronicles doe make report as followeth In y e yere of our lord 1326. Edward y e third king of england was crowned at Westminster and in the 5. yere of his reigne Edward Bailiol right heire to y e kingdome of scotlaÌ„d came in claymed it as due to him Sundry lordes and gentlemen also which had title to diuers landes there either by themselues or by their wiues did y e like wherupoÌ„ the sayde Bailiol they went into scotland by sea and landing at Kinghorne with 3000. Englishmen discomfited 10000. Scottes and slewe 1200. and theÌ„ went forth to Dunfermeline where the scots assembled against them with 40000. men and in the feast of s Laurence at a place called Gastmore or otherwyse Gladmore were slaine v. Erles xiij BaroÌ„s a hundred and thrée score knightes two M. men of armes and many other in all xl M. and there were slaine on the english part but xiij persons only In the eight yere of the raign of kyng Edward he assembled a great hoste and came to Barwike vpon Twéede laid siege thereto To him also came Edward Bailiol king of scots w t a great power to strength aide him against the scottes who came out of scotland in foure battailes well armed and arayed Edwarde kyng of england and Edwarde king of scottes apparelled their people either of them in foure battailes and vppon Hâ—…lidon hyll beside Barwike met these two hostes and there were discomfited of y e scots xxv M. and vij C. whereof were slayne viij erles a thousand and thrée hundred knightes and gentlemen This victory done the kyng returned to Barwike and the towne wyth the castell were yelded vp vnto him In the eyght yeare of the reigne of king Edward of englande Edward Bailiol kyng of scottes came to Newcastell vpon tine and dyd homage In the yeare of our Lorde 1346. Dauid Bruys by exhortacion of the king of France rebelled and came into england with a great hoste vnto Neuilles crosse But the Archbishoppe of Yorke with diuers temporall men fought w t him and the said king of scots was takeÌ„ and William earle Duglas Morrise earle of Strathorne were brought to LondoÌ„ many other Lords slayne which wyth Dauid dyd homage to Edward king of england And in the thirtie yere of the kings reigne and the yeare of our Lorde 1355. the scottes wanne the towne of Barwicke but not the Castell Hereupon the king came thither w t a great hoste and anone the towne was yéelden without any resistance Edwarde Bailiol considering that God dyd so many marueylous gracious thinges for kyng Edwarde at his owne will gaue vp the crowne and the realme of scotland to king Edwarde of england at Rokesborough by his letters patents And anon after the king of england in presence of all his Lordes spirituall and temporall let crowne himselfe kyng there of the realme of scotlande and ordayned all thinges to hys intent and so came ouer in englande Richarde the sonne of Edward called the blacke prince sonne of this kyng Edward was next king of Englande who for that the sayde Iane the wyfe of the sayde king Dauyd of Scotland was dâ—â—â—â—ed without issue and being enformed how 〈◊〉 Scottes deuised to their vttermost power to breake the limitacion of this inheritance touching y e crowne of scotland made forthwith war against theÌ„ wherin he brent EdeÌ„brough spoyled all their countrey tooke all their holdes and maintained continually warre against them vnto his death which was Anno domi M.CCC.xcix Henry the fourth of that name was next kyng of englande he continued these warres begun against them by king Richard ceassed not vntyll Robert king of scots the third of y e name resigned hys crowne by appointment of this kyng Henry and deliuered hys sonne Iames beyng then of the age of nyne yeares into his handes to remayne at his custodie wardship and disposition as of his superiour Lord according to the olde lawes of king Edwarde the
report of his malitious practises to bryng hymselfe and hys sonnes to the chiefe seate of gouernemente in the Kingdome or that of hatred such slaunders were reysed of him it may of some perhappes be doubted bycause that in the dayes of King Edwarde whiche was a soft and gentle Prince hee bare greate rule and authoritie and so mighte procure to himselfe euill report for euery thing that chanced amisse as oftentimes it commeth to passe in suche cases where those that haue greate doyngs in the gouernemente of the common wealthe are commonly euill spoken of and that now and theÌ„ without their gilt But truth it is that Goodwin beeing in authoritie both in the dayes of K. Edward and his predecessors did many thyngs as should appeare by Writers more by will than by law Hen. Hunt and so likewise did his sonnes vpo presumption of the great puissance that they and theyr father were of within the Realme Hee had to wife the sister of K. Cnute Editha of whome hee begate three sonnes as some write that is to saye Polidor Harrolde Biorne and Tostie also his daughter Editha the which he found meanes to bestowe in marriage vpon King Edward as before ye haue heard But other write VVil. Malm. that he had but one sonne by Cnutes sister the whiche in riding of a rough Horse was throwen into the Riuer of Thames and so drowned His mother also was striken with a thunderbolte and so perished worthely as is reported for hir naughty doyings She vsed to buy great numbers of yong persons and namely maides that were of any excellencie in beutie and personage y t which she sent ouer into Denmarke and there sold them to hir most aduantage After hir decesse as the same authours record Goodwin married another woman by whome he had issue sixe sonnes Suanus or Swayne Harrolde Tostie or Tosto Wilnote Gurth and Leofricke of them mention is and shall be further made as places conuenient shall serue thereto Shortly after in the yeare .1057 Aldred Bishop of Worceter was sente ouer vnto the Emperoure Henry the third to fetche Edwarde the sonne of Edmund Ironside into EnglaÌ„d whom King Edwarde was desirous to see meaning to ordeyne him heire apparante to the Crowne but he died the same yere after he was now returned into England Edward the outlaw departed this life This Edward was surnamed the outlawe his body was buryed at Westminster or as other say in y e Church of Saint Paule within London 1056 Leofricke Erle of Chester departed this life Ran. Higd. Mat. VVest The same yeare that is to witte in the seuenteenth or in the sixtenth yeare of King Edwards raigne as some write Leofricke the noble Earle of Chester or Mercia that was sonne to Duke Leofwine departed this life in his owne Towne of Bromeley the last day of August and was buried at Couentrie in the Abbey there which he had builded This Earle Leofricke was a man of greate honor wise and discret in all his doyngs His high wisedome and policie stoode the Realm in great steede whilest he liued He had a noble Lady to his wife named Gudwina at whose earnest sute he made the Citie of Couentrie free of all manner tolle Couentrie made free of tolle and custome except for Horses and to haue that tolle layde downe also his foresaide Wife rode naked through the middest of the Towne without other couerture saue only hir heare Moreouer partly â–ª moued by his owne deuotion and partly by the perswasion of that noble Lady his wife he builded or beneficially augmeÌ„ted and repared many Abbeyes and Churches as the saide Abbey or Priory at Couentrie the Abbeyes of Wenlocke Worceter Stone Eueshame and Leof beside Herford Also he buylded two Churches within the Citie of Chester Churches in Chester built the one called S. Iohns and the other Saint Werbrough The valew of y e iewels and ornaments which he bestowed on the Abbey Church of Couentrie was inestimable After Leofrickes death his sonne Algar was made Earle and entituled in all his landes and Seigniories In the yeare following to witte 1058. H. Hunt Algar Earle of Chester exiled the same Algar was accused again through malice of some enuious persons of treason so that he was exiled the land wherevppon he repared agayne vnto his old friend Griffin Prince of Northwales of whome hee was ioyfully receyued and shortly after by his ayde and also by the power of a nauie of Ships that by chaunce arriued in those parties at that selfe season vnlooked for out of Norway Sim. Dunel the said Algar recouered hys Earledome by force as some haue written King Edward about the twentith yere of his raine 1063 Sim. Dunel Math. VVest as then remayning at Glocester appoynted Earle Harrolde to inuade the Dominions of Griffin King of Wales Harrold taking with him a power of Horsemen made speed and came to Rutland and there brenned Griffins Palace and also his Shippes and then about midlent returned againe into England After this about the Rogation weeke Harrold eftsoones by the Kings commaundemente wente against the Welchmen and taking the Sea sayled by Bristowe round about the coast compassing in maner al Wales His brother Tostie that was Earle of Northumberland met him by appointment with an host of Horsemen and so ioyning togither Wales destroyed and harried by the Englishmâ—â— The Welchmen agree to pay their accustomed tribute they destroyed the countrey of Wales in suche sorte that the Welchmen were compelled to submit themselues to deliuer hostages and conditioned to pay the auntient tribute which before time they had payd And moreouer they renounced their Prince the forenamed Griffin so that he remayned as a banished person and finally about the fifth day of August they slewe him and sent his head to Earle Harrold 1064 VVil. Malm. Sim. Dunel Afterwards King Edward graunted y e rule of Wales vnto Blengent or Blethgent and Riuall Griffins two brethren whiche did homage vnto hym for the same and hadde serued vnder Harrold against their brother the foresaid Griffin There be that write that not onely Griffin but also another of his brethreÌ„ also called Rise was brought to his death by the manfull meanes and politike order of Earle Harrold VVil. Malm. and all the sauadge people of Wales reduced into the forme of good order vnder the subiection of King Edwarde Shortly after Harrold goeth ouer into Normandy Polidor Earle Harrolde chaunced to passe ouer into Normandy whether of happe or of purpose it is harde to define writers varry so much in report thereof Some write that he made earnest suite to King Edward to haue licence to goe ouer to see his brother Wilnote Edmerus and his nephewe Hacun which as yee haue heard were deliuered as pledges to Kyng Edwarde and sente into Normandy to remayne there with Duke William and at length with muche adoe gote leaue but yet he was told
therewith mislyking such dismeasured talke wished in wordes that the victorie might chaunce vnto him For the which wish king Edwarde informed thereof caused them by a trumpet to be conueyed vnto the Scottish campe with commaundement to ayde King Robert to the vttermoste of theyr powers purposing to punish them according to his minde if he atteyned the victorie as hee put no doubt but he shoulde And herevpon before the ioyning of the battayles he caused proclamation to be made A proclamation that whosoeuer brought their heades vnto him should haue an hundred Markes in rewarde King Robert hearing in what daunger they had run for his sake rewarded them with great riches of the spoyle got in the field The Scottish house in Andwarpe buyld with the which they returning into Brabāt buylt a goodly house in Andwarpe naming the same Scotlande and causing the Scottishe armes and the picture of Bruce to be set vp in the same appoynted it for a lodging to receyue them of the Scottishe nation that shoulde resort vnto that towne as may appeare euen vnto this day And this was done for a memoriall to shew what loue and heartie beneuolence these two knights bare towardes king Robert his people for the great liberalitie receyued at his handes This glorious victorie chaunced to the Scots on the day of the natiuitie of S. Iohn Baptist in the yere .1314 Immediatly after 1314 K. Robert called a Parliamēt at Ayre where by cōsent of the three estates he was cōfirmed king The crown of Scotlande entayled the crown entailed to the heyres males of his bodie lawfully begotten for want of such heyres to remaine vnto his brother Edward Bruce to the heyres male of his body Mariorie the daughter of king Robert by his first wife and if he chanced to die without such heyres thē should the crowne descend vnto Mariory the daughter of K. Robert and to the heyres generall of hir bodie by lawfull succession This Mariorie was gotten by king Robert on the Earle of Mar his sister his first wife and was maryed by the aduice of his Nobles vnto Walter great Steward of Scotlande The seconde maryage of king Robert Also K. Robert for that his first wife aforesaid was deceassed maried shortly after Elizabeth the daughter of the Earle of Vlster on whom he got a sonne named Dauid The issue of king Robert by his seconde wife and two daughters the one named Margaret and the other Maulde The firste was maryed to the Earle of Sutherlande and bare him a sonne named Iohn The seconde departed this worlde in hir infancie After the maryage solemnized betwixt hys daughter Mariorie and the foresayde Walter Steward King Robert went through all the boundes of his Realme and did not onely confirme the auncient lyberties and priuiledges of the Burrowes and townes in al places where he came Liberties by king Robert but also augmented the same and graunted vnto diuerse aswel townes as baronies sundrie newe prerogatiues and franchises as maye appeare by his charters made vnto them of the same specially to the townes of Perth Dundee and Aberdene In the yeare following whiche was in the yeare 1315. the Princes of Irelande oppressed as they tooke it with long and insufferable tyrannie of the English men 1315 and trusting by support of Scottes to recouer their libertie now after so notable an ouerthrowe of the whole Englishe puissance The Lordes of Irelande require ayde of king Robert sent Ambassadors vnto king Robert requyring that it might please him to sende hys brother Edwarde Bruce to receyue the crowne and gouernment of theyr Countrey of Irelande This request being graunted Edwarde prepared to take that iourney in hande and so with a small power of Scottish men transporting ouer into Irelande and ioyning with an army of such as were readie to assist him there he tooke the town of Vlster Vlnester and slue a great number of English men which were found in the same Then afterwardes by the generall consent of all the estates of Irelande ▪ Edward Bruce proclaimed K. of Irelande Edwarde Bruce was proclaymed king of that Realme and certaine of the Irish Nobilitie sent Ambassadors vnto the Pope to sewe for a ratification of theyr act and proceedings for the suretie and weale of theyr Countrey sithe they were not able longer to susteyne the grieuous yoke of the English thraldome These Ambassadours through their earnest diligence got such fauour in theyr sute that the Pope sundrie tymes charged the English men to auoyde out of Irelande The English men passe litle on the Popes commaundements howbeit they seemed to passe little of his commaundements in that behalfe for they dayly sought how to make themselues strong in that part least they shoulde lose the possession of that Countrey whiche theyr enimies were aboute to get foorth of their handes King Robert being enformed howe through the reenforcement of the Englishe armie beeing dayly refreshed with newe succours his brother was like to runne in perill and daunger to be cast away See more hereof in Irelande he left sir Iames Dowglas gouernour in Scotland with a competent number of men to defend the borders and he himself with a great power of other souldiers and men of warre went ouer into Ireland to support his brother King Robert passeth ouer into Irelande but suffering great distresse at his first comming thither for want of vitayles and other prouisions he lost almost the one halfe of his folkes throughe verye famine and hunger the residue were constrayned to eate Horses and other suche lothsome meates therewith to susteyne theyr languishing lyues At length beeing approched within a dayes iourney of his brother in purpose to haue supported him with those people which he had left hys brother not abyding his comming Edward Bruce is slaine in Irelande fought vnwisely with the Englishe men at a place called Dundach receyuing the ouerthrow was slaine himselfe with a great number of other It is vncertaine whether hee had any knowledge of the cōming of his brother king Robert See more of this matter in Irelande or that through desire of fame he feared least if he stayed till his brother came a greate parte of the prayse if they got the victorie should remaine to him and therfore he made such hast to fight But howsoeuer it was thus he was slaine the .xiiij. of October in the yeare 1317. Edwarde King of Englande hearing that K. Robert was passed ouer into Ireland thought the time to serue well for his purpose eftsoones to inuade Scotlande and herevpon comming with a great power to the borders he purposed to haue done some great feate but sir Iames Dowglas the gouernor hauing likewise gathered an army gaue him battaile and put both him and his people to flight In this battail were slain three notable Captaynes on the English side as sir Edmond Lylaw a Gascoigne Captaine
army after y e feast of the Epiphanie entred into England The Bishoprike of Durham burnt by the Scottes comming to Daâ—â—ngton stayed there for a season whilest the Lord Iames Dowglas and the Lord Steward of Scotlande went abrode to harie and spoyle the countrey on eche side the one of them passing forth towardes Hartilpoole Cliueland and the other towardes Richmond Richmondshire redemed from spoyle with a summe of money The inhabitants of Richmondshire hauing no captain amongst them to defend their countrey from that grieuous inuasion of the enimie gaue a great summe of money in like maner as at other times they had don to haue their couÌ„try spared from fire spoyle The Scots taryed at this time about .xv. dayes within Englande in the end returned without battaile For when the Knightes of the north Countreys repayred to the Duke of Lancaster then lying at Pomfret and offred to goe into the field with him agaynst the Scots The Duke of Lancasters disloyaltie he would not once styrre his foote by reason of the discorde that was depending betwixt him and king Edward but howsoeuer the matter went king Edward sore grieued in hys minde with such inuasion made by his enimies the Scots he gaue order to leuie an army of an hundred thousand men what on horsebacke and on foote as the report went appoynting them to be readie to enter into Scotlande at Lanynas next wherof king Robert being aduertised King Robert inuadeth Englande ment to preuent him and therevpon in the Octaues of the natiuitie of Saint Iohn Baptist hee entred into Englande with an armie neare to Carleil burnt a manor place that sometime belonged to him at Rosse Allerdale The Abbey of Holme burnt spoiled the monastery of Holme notwithstaÌ„ding his fathers corps was there interred FroÌ„ thence he marched forward destroying and spoyling the country of Copland so keeping vpon his iourney passed Doden sandes towards the Abbay of Furneis Fourneis Abbey but y e Abbot meeting him on the way redeemed his landes from spoile and brought king Robert to his house and made to him great chere but yet the Scots could not hold their hanors from burning and spoyling dyuerse places Leuyn sandes And marching forwarde vnto Cartmele beyond Leuyn sands brent spoyled all the countrey about except a Priorie of blacke Chanons which stood there Passing from thence they came to Lancaster which towne they also brent The towne of Lancaster brunt saue onely the Priorie of blacke Monkes and a house of preaching Friers Here came to them the Erle of Murrey and the Lorde Iames Dowglas with an other armie wherevpon marching further southwards they came to Preston in Anderneis Preston in Anderneis burnt brent that towne also the house of Friers minors only excepted And thus being lxxx miles within England froÌ„ their owne borders they returned homewards w t al their prisoners cattel other booties which they had got in that iorney coÌ„ming to Carleil in the vigill of S. Margaret lodging about that towne the space of .v. dayes they wasted destroyed the corne al other things y t came within their reach Which done on S. Iames euen they entred into Scotland again hauing bene within England at this time three weekes and three dayes Immediately herevpon to wit about the feast of Lammas King Edwarde rayseth an armie King Edwarde with his armie came to Newcastell and desirous to be reuenged of suche iniuries done to his subiects entred into Scotlande He entred Scotlande and passing forth till he came to Edenbourgh through want of vitayles and other necessarie prouision he was constrayned to returne home within the space of .xv. dayes For king Robert aduertised of his coÌ„ming had caused all the corne and cattell in the Countrey to be conueyed out of the way into certain strengthes where the English men might not come to get it into their handes so to relieue themselues therewith But in their returning homewardes somewhat to reuenge their displeasures they spoyled brunt the Abbayes of Melrose and Drybourgh The Abbeyes of Mewrose or Melrose and Drybourgh burned with diuerse other religious houses places not sparing any kinde of crueltie agaynst all those of the inhabitants that fell into their handes In reuenge hereof King Robert shortly after entred with a puissant army into England King Robert inuadeth the north partes of England approching almost to York spoyling and wasting the Countrey till he câ—…me almost to Yorke At length hearing that king Edwarde was comming towards him with an army he chose a plot of grounde betwixt the Abbay of Bysâ—…nde and S. Sauiour there to abyde battayle whiche King Edward refused not to giue though in the end he was put to flight with his whole power King Edwarde is put to flight and chased with great slaughter both of English men and Normans whiche were there in hys ayde The Earle of Richmont is taken Diuerse also of the Nobilitie were taken prisoners as Iohn de Brytaine Earle of Richmont and Henrie Sowly with others This battaile was fought in the yeare of our sauiour 1323 .xv. dayes after the feast of Saint Michael the Archangell 1323 Ri. Southwel Riuale Abbay King Edward lying the same time at the Abbay of Riuale aduertised of this ouerthrowe fled and got him into Yorke leauing his plate and much other stuffe behind him for want of cariage in that his sodaine departure which the Scottes comming thither founde and tooke away with them And from thence they passed forth into Yorkswolde spoyling and wasting the countrey euen vnto Beuerley Yorkeswolde wasted by Scottes which town for a summe of money they were contented to spare and so then they returned homewardes entering agayne into Scotlande on all Soules daye whiche is the seconde of Nouember after they had remayned wythin Englande at that tyme the space of a Month and foure dayes Shortly after king Robert sent an Ambassadour to the French King to renue the auncient bonde of amitie betwixte the two Realmes of which might be auouched for any cause or consideration from the beginning of the worlde vnto that present day After the returne of sir Iames Dowglas forth of Fraunce with so good expedition and dispatch of that businesse where aboute he was sent King Robert right ioyfull thereof A Parliament at Cambuskenneth assembled a Parliament of the Nobles and other estates of the Realme at Cambuskenneth where hee procured a new acte to be established touching the succession of the crowne An act for the succession of the crowne which was that if his sonne Dauid deceassed without heires of his body lawfully begotten that then Robert Steward begotten on Mariorie Bruce his daughter should succeede in possession of the Crowne All the Lordes at the same time were sworne to mainteyne this ordinance In the meane while King Edward the thirde sent vnto king Robert for
dayes of this king Dauid within the bounds of Albion Straunge wonders In the .xvj. yeare of his raigne Crowes Rauens and Pyes in the Winter season brought foorth theyr broode and ceassed in the Sommer and Spring tyme contrarie to theyr kynde All the Yewes in the countrey the same yeare were barren and brought no lambes Yewes barren There was such plentie of Myse and Rattes both in houses and abrode in the fieldes that they might not be destroyed In the .xxvij. Great rayne yeare of hys raigne the Riuers and other waters rose on suche heigth throughe aboundaunce of rayn◅ that fell in the latter ende of Haruest Great rayne that breaking foorth of theyr common Chanelles wyth theyr violent streame manye houses and townes were borne downe and destroyed About thys tyme lyned diuerse notable Clerkes as Iohn Duns of the order of Saint Francis Richard Middleton and William Ocham Iohn Duns with other King Dauid beeing thus deade and buryed The assemble of the Lordes for the election of a new king the Nobles assembled at Lythquo aboute the election of hym that shoulde succeede in hys place The greater part of the Nobilitie and suche as were of the sounder iudgement agreeed vpon Robert Stewarde William Erle of Dowglas claymeth the crowne but William Erle of Dowglas being come thither with a great power claimed to be preferred by right of Edwarde Ballyoll and the Cumyn which right he pretended to haue receyued of them both and there ought to be no doubt as he alledged but that the crowne apperteined by iust title vnto them as all the world knewe and therfore sith he had both their rightes he mainteyned that he was true and indubitate inheritour to the crowne It appeared that the sayde Earle Dowglas purposed to vsurpe the Crowne by force if hee might not haue it by friendly and quiet meanes But neuerthelesse he was disappointed of his purpose by reason that George Earle of March and Iohn Dunbar Earle of Murrey with the Lorde Erskyne and others of whose friendly furtherance hee thought himselfe assured gaue theyr voyces with the Stewarde assysting his side to their vttermost powers He resigneth his right to the Stewarde The Dowglas perceyuing hereby that hee should not be able to mainteyne his quarel resigned therevpon his pretensed title which in effect was of no importāce nor worthy the discussing Moreouer that the fyrmer amitie and friendship might continue and bee nourished betwixt this King Robert and his subiect the Earle of Dowglas aforesayde it was accorded that Eufame eldest daughter to king Robert should be giuen in maryage to Iames sonne to the Earle of Dowglas aforesayde The first comming of the Stewardes to the Crowne Thus ye may perceyue how the Stewardes came to the crown whose succession haue enioyed the same vnto our time Queene Mary mother to Charles Iames that now raigneth being the viij person from this Robert that thus first atteyned vnto it He had to wife at the time of his atteyning to the crowne Eufame daughter to y e Erle of Ros by whō he had two sonnes Walter and Dauid But before he was maried to hir Elizabeth Mure king Roberts concubine he kept one Elizabeth Mure in place of his wife and had by hir three sonnes Iohn Robert and Alexander with diuerse daughters of the which one was maried to Iohn Dunbar Erle of Murrey and an other to Iohn Leon Lord of Glames The Erledome of Murrey continued in possession of the Dunbars onely during the lyfe of this Erle Iohn and his sonne in whom the succession failed touching the name of the Dunbars How the Dowglasses came to the Erledome of Murrey in the inioying of that Erledome for leauing a daughter behinde him that was maryed to the Dowglas the same Dowglas came by that meanes to the sayd Erledome of Murrey King Robert after his coronation made sundrie Erles Lordes Barons and Knightes Amongst other Iames Lindsey of Gle◅uish was made Erle of Crawford His wife Queene Eufame deceassed the third yeare after hir husband atteyned the crowne Eufame the Queene deceasseth and then incontinently hee maryed Elizabeth Mure his olde lemman Elizabeth Mure maried to K. Robert to the ende that the children which he had by hir might be made legitimate by vertue of the matrimonie subsequent Not long after by authoritie of a Parliament assembled he made his eldest sonne Iohn The preferment of the kings sonnes to dignitie begotten on Elizabeth Mure aforesayde Erle of Carrik his second sonne begottē on hir Erle of Menteith and Fife and his third sonne Alexander begotten likewise on the same mother he created Earle of Buchquhane and Lorde of Badzenocht Hys eldest sonne Walter begotten on Eufame his fyrst wyfe was made Earle of Atholl and Lorde of Brechin his seconde sonne Dauid begotten on the same Eufame was made Earle of Stratherne The sayde Walter procured the slaughter of Iames the first for that hee pretended a right to the crowne as after shall appeare Shortly after An Act for succession of the Crowne he called another Parliament at Perth where it was ordeyned that after the death of King Robert the crowne should discend vnto Iohn his eldest sonne and to his issue male and for default thereof vnto Robert his seconde sonne and to his heyres male and for default of such heyres to Alexander his thirde sonne and to his heyres male And in default of them to remayne to his sonne Walter begotten on Eufame his wife and to the heyres male of his body begotten and if suche succession fayled then it shoulde discende vnto his yongest sonne Dauid the Erle of Stratherne and to his heyres generall eyther male or female and all the Nobles of the Realme were sworne to perfourme this newe ordinance touching the succession to the Crowne and that in most solemne maner About this time The borderers desirous of warre the borderers which are men euer desirous of warres and trouble to the ende they may apply their Market wherby they most chiefely liue that is to witte reife and spoyle of their neighbours goodes through enuie of long peace and quietnesse vpon a quarell pyked slue certaine of the householde seruauntes of George Earle of Dunbar at the Fayre of Roxbourgh Roxbourgh Fayre which as then the English men helde Earle George sore offended herewith sent an Heralde vnto the Earle of Northumberlande Warden of the Englishe Marches requyring that suche as had committed the slaughter might bee deliuered to receyue according to that they had deserued But when hee coulde get nought but dilatorie answeres full of derision rather than importing any true meaning he passed ouer his displeasure tyll more oportunitie of tyme might serue The truce violated In the yeare following agaynste the nexte Fayre to be holden at Roxbourgh aforesayde the sayd Erle of March with his brother the Erle of Murrey gathered a power of men secretely togither Roxbourgh surprised
ouercome and so by all likelihood gote the vpper hand had not Patrike Hepborne with his sonne and such other of his company as attended him come to the reskew by whome the fight was begunne afreshe The valiancie in the Earle of Dowglas Herewith also came the Earle of Dowglas and with a great mace in his hand layd such sore strokes round about him that none came within his reach but downe he went The Englishmen put to fight Finally the whole number of the Scottishmē bare themselues so manfully that the Englishmē being broken and put to flighte were slayne and borne downe The chase continued till the breake of the day with killing and taking as in suche cases is euer seene though the more parte indeede were taken with their liues saued after they once fell in chase Amongst other Raufe and Henry Percy taken prisoners Raufe Percy and his brother Henry were taken by Keith the Marshall of Scotland somewhat before the Englishmen began to turne There were also taken besydes the two Percies diuers other men of name as Robert Ogill Other persons taken Thomas Halberke Iohn Lilborne William Wauchlute Robert Heron the Baron of Hiltō Iohn Colwell and Patrike Louel Knightes There were taken in all of Englishmen The number of prisoners taken to the number of a thousande and fortie and slayne what in the fielde and chase as Froysart recounteth aboue an eyghteene hundred But yet the Scottish writers themselues report a lesse number There were slayne but fiue hundreth Englishmen as Hector Boetius hath The death of Iames Earle of Dowglas Neyther did this victory chaunce to the Scottes withoute greate losse and slaughter For amongst other the Earle of Dowglas himselfe was thrice striken through the body and also wounded so mortally on the head that being borne to his tent a little before the end of the battell he dyed of those hurtes immediately after to the greate discomforte of all his armie conceyuing more dolorous griefe for the losse of so worthy a chieuetayne See more of this matter in Englande than ioy for the gayne of so greate a victory His body was conueyed vnto Melros and buryed beside his father Earle William in the Abbey church there And bycause this Earle Iames had no heires of his body begotten Archimbalde Dowglas succeeded the Earle Iames of Dowglas his Cousin Archembald Dowglas Lord of Galloway succeeded him in the Earledome The house of the Hepbornes of the whyche this Patrike Hepborne that fought so valiauntly in this battell at Otterborne did discend arose in Scotland after this wise It chanced in the dayes of King Dauid the thirde there was an Englishman of that name taken prisoner in Scotland who by chaunce being in place where the Earle of March was got vpon a yong gelding vnbroken the whiche playing the vnruly Iade in fetching and flinging aloft put the Earle in greate daunger of his lyfe and when all other that were presente there gaue backe and durst not steppe in to make any shifte to help the Earle this Englishman lept to hym and boldly catching holde on the bridle reyne held the Horse fast till the Earle was safely gote beside him The first aduancement of the Hepborns In rewarde of which benefite the sayd Earle gaue vnto this Hepborne certayn lands in Lowthian whose posteritie increased afterwardes in such power of landes and surname The Earles of Bothwell that the same enioyed not only the Earledome of Bothwel but was also deuided into sundry braunches and many Knightes thereof haue risen of right worthy fame and estimation This battell of Otterborne was foughte on saint Oswaldes day which is the fifth of August in the yeere .1388 1388. The Bishop of Durham approcheth the Scottes with an armie The Bishop of Durham was comming the day nexte following with a newe power to haue ayded the Percies but hearing of the ouerthrowe and beeing come within a little of the Scottishe camp hee was enformed that the Scottes were as ready to defende as hee was to assayle and therevpon doubting the issue of his enterprise if he shoulde giue battell he turned backe to Newcastell He retireth and suffered the Scottes to returne into their countrey without any further pursute A Parliament at Perth In the yeere following a Parliamente was holden at Perth in the whiche demonstratiō was made by King Roberte that for asmuche as hee was brokē by great age and might not through feeblenesse occasioned thereof attende to his office in gouernemente of the Realme Robert Earle of Fyfe is chosen gouernoure of the Realme it was necessary that some gouernoure should be chosen and therfore hee required that his seconded sonne Roberte Earle of Fife might enioy that office considering his eldest sonne Iohn Earle of Carrike by reason of a stripe which he had receyued on the legge by an horse of Sir Iames Douglas of Dalketh was not able to trauell but kept his bed mighte sturre no way foorth abroade The Lordes consented to the Kings request and so the Earle of Fife was constituted gouernour of Scotland by common consente of all the Lords of the Realme Also the Earle Marshall of Englande The Earle Marshal of England warden of the Marches was sent by King Richard to the bordures to remain there as Warden in the place of Henry Percye prisoner in Scotland It is reported by y e Scottishe writers that this Earle should make stoute bragges that he woulde fighte with the Scottes the next time he mette with any power of them whether he were like in number to them or not but when it came to passe that Robert Steward the Scottishe gouernoure was entred into Northumberlande with an Army The gouernour of Scotland inuadeth Northumberlande he withdrewe into places of sauegard and suffered the most parte of the Countrey to be harryed and brente Indeede our English writers affirme that the sayd Earle hauing with him but fiue hundred men of armes he was not able to accomplish any great exploite auaylable against the greate multitude of hys enimies The same yeere was a truce taken betwixte England and France A truce taken the Scottes if they would so agree being comprised therein Herevpon there came Ambassadours foorthe of England English ambassadors sent into Scotland The King of Scottes agreth to the truce to vnderstād what the King of Scots would determine in that behalfe By whome it was aunswered that he woulde with good will stand to the same truce according as it was concluded Whilest things passed thus in Scotland Alexander Stewarde Earle of Buchquhan brente the Cathedrall Church of Murray The Cathedrall Church of Murray brente the lanterne and ornament of all the north part of Scotland vpon displeasure conceyued againste the Byshop of the same place Whereat his father the Kyng tooke suche indignation that when his sonne the said Alexander was broughte to his presence The Earle of Buchquhane
determined that the elect of Yorke shoulde eyther acknowledge his subiection to the Churche of Canterbury or else forgoe his dignitie of Archbishop and so in the end he came to London where vpon the .xxviij. day of Maye hee was consecrated by Richarde the Bishop of London as Deane to the sea of Canterburye and there hauyng the profession whiche he oughte to make his subiection to the sea of Canterbury deliuered to him vnder seale he brake vp the same and read the wrttyng in forme as followeth Ego Thomas Eboracensis ecclesiae consecrandus Metropolitanus profiteor subiectionem canonicam obedientiam sanctae Dâ—…robernensi ecclesia eiusdem Ecclesiae primati canonice electo consecrâ—â—o successoribus suis canonice inchronizatis salua fidelitate Domini mei Henrici regis Anglorum saluae obedientia ex parte mea teneÌ„da The tenour of the profession vvhiche the Archb. of York made vnto the Archbishop of Canterbury quaÌ„ Thomas antecessor meus sanctae Romanae ecclesiae ex partâ—… sua professus est The English wherof is thus I Thomas to be consecrated Metropolitane Archbyshop of Yorke professe my subiection and canonicall obedience vnto the holy Church of Canterburye and to the primate of the same churche canonically elected and consecrated and to hys successoures Canonically inthronizate sauyng the faythe which I owe vnto my soueraine lord K. Henry inthronizated sauing the obedience to be holden of my parte which Thomas my antecessour professed on his behalfe vnto the holy churche of Rome When this writing was thus redde the Bishoppe of London tooke it and deliuered it vnto the Prior of Canterbury appoynting him to keepe the same as a witnesse and recorde of the thing in tyme to come Thus was Thomas the Archebishoppe of Yorke consecrated the .xxvij. in number that had gouerned that See 1110. and when he was thus consecrate the Popes Legate went vnto York and there delyuered to the same Archebishoppe the Palle and so hauyng inuested hym therewith he departed and retourned towards Rome as he was appointed At the feast of Christmasse next ensuing the king helde his courte at London with greate solemnitie The Archbishop of Yorke prepared to haue sette the crowne on the kings head and to haue song the Masse afore hym bycause the Archebishoppes sea of Canterburye was voyde But the Bishop of London woulde not suffer it claymyng as hyghe Deane to the sea of Canterburye to execute that office and so did Strife betvvixt Bishops leading the kyng to the Churche after the maner but when they should come to sitte downe at diner there rose eftsoones a stryfe betwixte the sayde two Bishops aboute their places bycause the Bishoppe of London for that hee hadde bene ordeyned long before the Archebishoppe and therefore not onely as Deane to the Sea of Canterburye but also by reason of prioritie pretended to haue the vpper seate But the King perceyuing theyr maner woulde not heare them but commaunded them out of his house and to gette them to dynner at their Innes An. reg 11. Aboute the same tyme the cause of the maryage of Priestes and their keeping of Women come againe into question so that by the kings commaundement they were more straightly forbidden the companye of women than before in Anselmes tyme. For after hys deceasse dyuers of them as it were promising to themselues a newe libertie to doe that whiche in his lyfe time they were constrayned sore against their willes to forbeare deceiued themselues by their hastie dealing For the King being enfourmed therof by the forâ—â— of the Ecclesiastical lawes compelled them to stande to and to obeye the decree of the Counsell holden at London by Anselme as before ye haue hearde at the leaste wyse in the sight of men But if so it be sayeth Eadmerus that the Priests attempt to do worse as it were to the condemnation and reproofe of Anselmes dooings lette the charge lighte on theyr heades sithe euery manne shall beare his owne burthen for I knowe sayth he that if fornicatours and adulterers God shall iudge the abusers of their owne cousyns I will not say their owne sisters daughters shal not surely escape his iudgement Aboute the same tyme many wonders were seene and hearde of The riuer of Trent neare to Notingham for the space of a myle ceassed to runne the wonted course duryng the tyme of foure and twentie houres so that the chanelle beyng dryed vp menne might passe ouer too and fro on foote drye shodde Also a sowe brought foorth a Pigge wyth a a face lyke to a man And a chicken was hatched with foure feete Moreouer a Comete or blasing starre appeared after a straunge sorte VVi. Thorne Mat. VVest for rysing in the east when it once came alofte in the firmamente it kepte not the course forwarde but seemed to goe backewarde as if it hadde bin retrograde Iohn Stow Robert the kings base son created earle of Gloucester Aboute this season the kyng maryed his base sonne Robert vnto the Ladie Maude daughter and heire vnto Robert Fitz Ham and withall hee made his sayde sonne Earle of Gloucester who afterwards buylded the castels of Bristow and Cardiffe and the Priorie of S. Iames in Bristowe where his bodie was buryed 1111. An. reg 12. In the yeare followyng the Earle of Aniou named Foulke enuying the prosperous estate of kyng Henrye Polidore The citie of Constances taken and lamentyng the case of Duke Robert wanne the Citie of Constances by corrupting certain of y e kings subiects inhabiters of the same Citie The king passeth into Normandie Wherof King Henrye being aduertised passed ouer into Normandie recouered the sayd Citie punished the offendours and reuenging hymself of the Earle returned into Englande After this rested there an other warre to be finished 1112. whyche brake off the kinges studye from heapyng vppe of money in his coffers whervnto he was moste inordinately giuen An. reg 13. and wherby hee pinched many so sore that they ceassed not to speake the worste of his doings and namely he was euyll spoken of bycause hee kepte still the Archebishoppes sea of Canterburye in his handes The Archebishops sea of Canterbury in the kings hand and woulde not bestowe it of any man for that he found a sweâ—…enesse in receiuing all the profites and reuenues whiche belonged thervnto during the tyme that it remayned vacant whiche was the space of foure yeares or thereaboutes 1113 An. reg 14. In like manner when he was admonished to place some meete man in the roome he woulde say that he was willing to bestow it but he tooke the longer tyme for that he ment to find some such one to preferre therto as shuld not he too far behind Lanfrank Anselm in doctrine vertue wisdome And sith there was none suche yet to be found he suffred that sea to be voide till such coulde be prouined The kings excuse This excuse he
shoulde keepe with them suche armoure and weapon according to his precepte and commaundemente thereof hadde and made And no man after he bee furnished with suche armour shoulde sell pledge lende or otherwise alien the same neyther maye his Lorde by anye meanes take the same from him neyther by way of forfeyture neyther by distresse nor pledge nor by any other meanes and wheÌ„ any man dyeth hauing such armour he shal leaue it to his heire and if his heire be not of lawfull age to weare it into the fielde then he that hathe the custodie of his body shall haue the armour and fynde an able man to weare it for him till he come to age If any burgesse of any good towne haue more armoure than hee oughte to haue by this statute he shall sell it or gyue it to some man that maye weare it in the Kings seruice No Iewe might haue armour by this statute Iewes might haue no armoure but those that had any were appoynted to sell the same to suche as were inhabitantes within the Realme for no man might sell or transporte any armoure ouer the Sea withoute the Kings licence Also for the better execution of this ordinance it was ordeyned that inquests should be taken by sufficiente Iurors what they were that were able to haue armoure by theyr abilitie in landes and goodes Also the King woulde that none shoulde be sworne to haue armour excepte hee were a free man of birth and bloud The same yere the King being at Waltham Mat. Par. assigned an ayde to the maintenance of the Christian Souldiers in the holy land that is to witte 42. thousande markes of siluer and fiue hundred markes of golde Hugh Bosun otherwise called Keuelocke the sonne of Ranulfe the seconde of y e name Earle of Chester deceassed this yeare The decesse of Hugh Earle of Chester Ran. Higd. and was buried at Leeke Hee left behind him issue by his wife the Countesse Beautrice daughter of Richard Lacie Lord Iustice of EnglaÌ„d a sonne named Ranulfe that succeeded hym beeyng the sixth Earle of Chester and thirde of that name after the Conquest Beside this Ranulfe he had also four daghters by his said wife to wit Maud married to Dauid Erle of Angus Huntington Galloway Mabell coupled with WilliaÌ„ Daubigny Erle of Arundell Agnes married to William Ferrers Erle of Derbie and Hauise ioyned with Robert Quincy Earle of Lincolne The Archb. of York deceasseth The .21 of Nouember dyed Roger Archbishop of Yorke who when he perceyued hymselfe in daunger of death by force of that his last sicknesse deliuered greate summes of money vnto certayne Bishoppes and other graue personages to be distributed amongst poore people but after his deathe the Kyng called for the money and seased it to hys vse alledging a sentence gyuen by the same Archbishop in his lyfe time that no ecclesiasticall person myghte giue any thyng by will except hee deuised the same whilest he was in perfect healthe yet the Bishoppe of Durham woulde not departe with foure hundred markes which he had receyued to distribute amongst the poore alledging that he dealt the same away before the Archbishops death and therefore hee that would haue it againe must goe gather it vppe of them to whome he had distributed it whiche hee himselfe woulde in no wise do But the K. tooke no small displeasure with this vndiscrete aunswere in so muche that hee seased the Castell of Durham into his handes and sought meanes to disquiete the said Bishoppe by dyuers manner of wayes 1182 The K. â—â—letha ouer into Normandy The King helde his Christmas this yeare at Winchester and afterwardes sayled ouer into Normandy bycause he heard that the Kyng hys sonne was gone to his brother in lawe K. Phillip and began to practise eftsoones newe trouble which was true indede but yet at length he came backe The K his son eftsoones reconciled and was reconciled to his father and tooke an oth that from thencefoorthe hee woulde neuer swarue from hym nor demaunde more for hys mayntenance but an hundred poundes Aniouin by the day and tenne lb a day of the same money for his wife Hys father graunted this and also couenanted that within the tearme of one yeare hee woulde giue him the seruices of an hundred Knightes After this King Henry the father as a mediator betwixt the King of Fraunce and the Erle of Flaunders touching suche controuersies as hanged betwixt them did so much in the matter that he set them at one for that time Ro. Houed About the same season King Henry the father sente William de Mandeuille Earle of Albemarle and other Ambassadors vnto the Emperour Frederike The Duke of Saxonie to intreate for his sonne in lawe y e Duke of Saxony that he might be againe restored into his fauour which could not be obteined for hee was already condemned to exile but yet thus much to pleasure the King of England the Emperour granted that so many as went with him out of their countrey might returne agayne at their pleasure and that his wife the Duches Maude the King of Englands daughter should enioy hir dowry and be at libertie whether shee would remayne vpon it or followe hir husbande into exile therefore when the day came that hee must departe out of his countrey he set forwarde with his wife and children and a great number of the Nobles of his Countrey and finally came into Normandy where he was right ioyfully receyued of his father in law King Henry Shortly after his comming thither he gaue licence to y e noble menne that were come thither with him to returne home and then hee himselfe wente into Spayne to visite the body of Saint Iames the Apostle Hys wife beeyng greate with childe The Ducheâ—â—â— of Saxony deliuered 〈◊〉 sonne remayned with hir father in Normandy and at Argenton she was deliuered of a sonne This yere the Welchmen slew Ranulph Poer Sherife of Glowcestershire Ranulfe Poâ—â— slayne An. reg 〈◊〉 1183 King Henry helde hys Christmas at Caen with his three sonnes Henry the King Richard Earle of Poictow and Geffrey Earle of Brytayne There was also Henry Duke of Saxony with his wife and their children besydes the Archbyshoppes of Caunterbury and Dublin with other Byshoppes Earles and Barons in great number Heere woulde Kyng Henry the father that hys sonne the Kyng shoulde receyue homage of his breethren Richarde Earle of Poictowe and Geffrey Earle of Britayne The Earle of Brytayne did not stay at the matter but the Earle of Poictow refused alledging that it was not conuenient so long as their father liued to acknowledge any superioritie in their brother VVil. Parâ—â—â— for as the fathers inheritance was due to the eldest sonne so he claymed the landes whiche hee helde due to him in righte of his mother This denyall so much offended his brother the King that afterwards when Richard would haue done homage he would not receyue it
the Lords to Pope Innocent TO our holy father in Christ I. by the grace of God the hyghest Bishoppe Alexander by the same grace Kyng of Scotlande Erle Patricke the Earle of Stratherne the Earle of Leuenox the Erle of Angus the Earle of Mar the Earle of Athole the Earle of Râ—… the Earle of Catnesse the Erle of Buch Roger de Mombeay Laurence de Ahirneâ—… Peter de Manuere Richarde Cumyn William de Veypont Roberte de Brus Roger Auenel Nicholas de Souleys William de Murray de Dunfel William de Murray de Petin Iohn Biset the yonger Willyam de Lyndesey Iohn de Valeys Dauid de Liâ—…dsey William Giffarde Duncan de Ergyle Iohn de Matreuers Eymere his sonne Roger Earle of Winchester Hugh Earle of Oxforde William de Vesey Richard Siwâ—… William de Ros Roger de Clere Henrye Fitz Conte de Breffere Eustace de Stoâ—…teville Earle Malcolme of Fife the Earle of Mentethshire Walter Fitz Alayne Wallet Olyfarde Bernarde Fraser Henry de Balllioâ—… Dauid Cumyn Dauid Mareschall Dauid Fitz Randulf William de Fortere Iohn de Baistiol and Roberte Ros sende greetyng and due reuerence with all honoure We doe signifye vnto your holynesse that we haue receyued a corporall othe before the reuerend father Otho deacon Cardinall of Sainct Nicholas in carcere Tulliano Legate to the Sea Apostolike in Englande Scotland and Irelande and haue made our Charter or died whyche beginneth thus Sciant praesentes c. Whyche Charter or deed indented and sealed remaineth with the Kyng of Englande and with vs. Also an other deed or writing that beginneth thus Ad omnium vestrum notitiam volumus peruenire Wheras therfore by the foâ—… of our precedent deedes obligatorie wee haue submitted our selues to your iurisdiction that you may brydle and restrayn vs our helâ—…s â—…y the Ecclesiastical censures if at any time we go against the sayd peace And if it happen at any time that any of vs all or one of vs shall fortune to presume rashly and vnaduisedly to got against it or be aboute or hereafter shall de about so to presume therby may procure 〈◊〉 perill as well to the soules of our owne selues as of our heires and no small danger may also be redy through the same our default to â—…ight vpon our bodies and goodes we beseeche your holy fatherhood that you will giue in coÌ„mandement vnto some of the Suffraganes of the Archbishop of Canterbury that he do compeâ—… vs and oure heires vnto the obseruing of the same peace accordingly as in the instruments therof more fully it is conteined or else so order by your authoritie vppon the same peace that which shal be agreable to the Châ—… 〈◊〉 And to the performaunce of this our petition wee haue to this present writing set our seales When all things were throughly concluded and order taken in what sorte the assuraunces of this accorde shuld passe the king of Scottes retourned into the inner partes of his Realme and the King of Englande likewise retourned to London â—…e VVelchâ—… sâ—…orre â—…les At the same time also the Welchmen wer very busy for hearing that the Kings of Englande and Scotland were agreed they doubted leaste all the burthen of the warre woulde be turned agaynste them Wherefore as it were to preuente the matter they began to waste the englishe confines On saint Hughs day died the Countesse of Penbroke Margaret the widowe of Gilbert Marshall late Earle of Penbroke and sister to the Kyng of Scottes and shortely after the bishoppe of Exeter WilliaÌ„ de Brewer likewise deceased as yet beeing in his florishing age a man in manners parentage and knowledge right honorable and highely commended On the daye of Saint Marcellus was the Queene deliuered of a man childe whyche at the fonte stone was named Edmonde In the Lent folowing nere to the Castell of Mountgomerye in Wales three hundred Welchemen were slayne by them that laye in garison there by a pollycie of the Capitayne whyche faining a counterfeted flight drew the Welchemen wythin daunger of an Ambushe whiche hee had layde to surprise them vnwares as it came euen to passe acording to his deuise Dauid king or prince of VVales Dauid that tooke himselfe for Kyng of Wales coueting to be auenged of this displeasure cessed not daye nor night to make incursions and to exploite enterprises to the domage of the marchers the whiche valyantly resisted the ennemies and droue them oftentimes into the mountaines woodes bogs and other places of refuge and oftentimes the enimies hauing the aduantage of place did much displeasure to the Englishmen It chaunced that aboute this time a poste commyng from the Pope with Letters to his â—…uncâ—…o maister Martin The Popes leâ—…s stayed conteyning instructions how he shoulde proceede for the gathering of money was staied at Douer by the practise of suche noble men as were greeued to see any suche summes of money to be conueyed out of the realm in sort as was vsed He was had into the castell his letters taken from him wherin suche secrets were conteyned for the getting of money as ought not to haue bin reueled M. Martin hearing that the poste was thus stayed and imprisoned made a greiuouse complaint vnto the K. so that the post was set at libertie had his letters to him restored so came vnto master Martin and deliuered them vnto hym that he mighte vnderstande the Popes pleasure which others to his grief vnderstoode nowe as well as himselfe The King this yeare caused inquisition to be made thorough euery countye within the realme to vnderstande the true valuation of all suche benefices spirituall promotions as were in the hands of any incumbents that were straÌ„gers borne The vaâ—… of beneâ—…â—…ken that pâ—…tained to â—…geâ—… and suche as had bene preferred by the Courte of Rome and the whole summe of all their reuenues was found to be sixty thousande markes On Whitsondaye the K. made the Earle of Gloucester Gilbert de Clare knight This Gilbert vvas 〈◊〉 Gloucester Hereforâ—… 〈◊〉 Lord of 〈◊〉 and xl other yong gentlmen that attended vpon him And perceyuing by the late inquisition what great reuenues y e beneficed strangers had possessed w tin the realm again coÌ„sidering the exceding great sums of money which the court of Rome had recouered of his subiects he begaÌ„ to detest such couetous deling And herupoÌ„ was a letter deuised by the whole body of the Realme wherein were conteyned the sundry extortions and many folde exactions of the Popes Legates and other of his Chaplaynes whiche vnder coulour of his authoritie they had vsed â—…assadors â—…o the â—…al Counâ—… There were appoynted also to goe with these letters vnto the generall Counsell certayne honorable and discret personages as Roger Bigod Earle of Northfolke â—…e were 〈◊〉 Iohn Fitz Geffrey William de Cantlow Phillip Basset and Raulfe Fitz Nicholas with other the which presenting the same letters vnto the sayde assembly should declare the griefe
a chayre at the tyme of their Coronation whyche Kyng Edwarde caused nowe to be transferred to Westminster and there placed to serue for a Chayre for the Priest to sit in at the Aulter The Kyng comming to Berwike called thither vnto a Parliament all the Nobles of Scotlande and there receiued of them their homages The 〈◊〉 of Scoâ—… feâ—…â—…selues 〈◊〉 King the whyche in perpetuall witnesse of the thyng made letters patents thereof written in French and sealed with their seales as the tenor him followeth A Touz ceux que cestes lettres verront uront c. TO all those that these present letters shall see or heare we Iohn Comin of Badenaw The iâ—…meâ—… of 〈◊〉 homâ—… the lanâ—… Scotlandâ—… K. Eâ—… c. Bycause that wee at the faithe and will of the most noble Prince and our dearest Lorde Edwarde by the grace of God Kyng of England Lorde of Irelande and Duke of Aquitaine doe vowe and promise for vs and our heires vppon payne of body and goodes and of all that wee may haue that wee shall serue him well and truly against all men whiche maye liue and die at all tymes when we shall bee required or warned by our said Lord the Kyng of Englande or hys heires and that wee shall not know of any hurte to bee done to them but the same wee shall lette and impeach with all our power and giue them warning thereof and those things to holde and keepe wee binde vs our heires and al our goodes and further receyue an oth thereof vpon the holy Euangelistes and after all wee and euery of vs haue done homage vnto oure soueraigne Lorde the King of Englande in wordes as followeth I become your liegeman of life members The sâ—… their lâ—… and earthly honor against all men which maye lyue and die And the same oure soueraigne Lorde the King receyued this homage vnder thys forme of wordes The 〈◊〉 King 〈◊〉 accepâ—… We receyue it for the land of the whiche you bee nowe seased the righte of vs or other saued and excepte the landes whiche Iohn Ballioll sometime Kyng of Scotland graunted vnto vs after that we did deliuer vnto him y e kingdome of Scotlande if happely hee hathe giuen to you any suche landes Moreouer all wee and euery of vs by hymselfe haue done fealtie to oure saide soueraigne Lord the Kyng in these wordes I as a faythfull and liege man shall keepe faith and loyaltie vnto Edward Kyng of England and to his heires of life member and earthly honor againste all men whiche may liue and die and shall neuer for anye person beare armour nor shall be of councell nor in ayde with anye person againste hym or hys heyres in any case that maye chaunce but shall faithfully acknowledge and doe the seruice that belongeth to the tenementes the which I claime to holde of hym as God me helpe and all hys Saintes I witnesse whereof these letters pattentes are made and sygned with our seales Yeuen at Warke the foure and twentith of Marche in the yeare of the reigne of oure sayde Lord the Kyng of Englande â—…ficers apâ—…ynted in â—…tlande by â—…ng Iohn Then was Iohn Warren Earle of Surrey and Sussex made by Kyng Edward warden of Scotlande Hugh Cressingham Threaforer and William Ormesdy high Iustice whome the King commaunded that hee shoulde call all those before him whyche helde any landes of the Crowne and to reteyne oâ—… them in hys name theyr homages and fealties Iohn Ballioll the late Kyng of Scotlande was sent to London Iohn Ballioll sent to London and had a conâ—…nt company of seruauntes appoynted to aâ—…de hym hauyng licence to goe anye whether abroade to that hee kepte hym selfe wâ—…hâ—… the 〈◊〉 of twentie miles neere to London Iohn Câ—… of Badenaw and Iohn Edmni of Lowan and diuers otheâ—… nobles of Scotlande were brought into Englande on the South side of Ticut being warned vpoÌ„ payne of death not to returne into Scotlande till the King â—…d made an ende of his warres with Fraunce The Cleargie by reason of a coÌ„stitution ordeyned and constituted the same yeare by Pope Boniface â—…e pretenâ—… excuse of 〈◊〉 Cleargie prohibiting vpon payne of excommunication that no â—…asages nor other exactions should beleiued or exalted of the Cleargie in any manner of wise by secular Princes or to be paid to them of things that perteyned to the Church vtterly refused to graunte any manner of ayde to the King towardes the manie gâ—…aunce of hys warres Wherevppon the Kyng to the intent they shoulde haue tyme to study for a better aunswer deferred the matter to an other Parliamente to bee holden on the morrowe after the feast of Saint Hillarie This yeare after the feast of the Epiphany An. reg 25. 1297. The Earle of Holland married Elizabeth the kings daughter Elizabeth the Kings daughter was married vnto Iohn Earle of Holland Humfrey de Bohun Earle of Hereford and Essex was sente to conuey them into Hollande there to take possession of the Earledome as then discended vnto the said Iohn by the death of his father lately before slayne by his owne â—…usheâ—…s by cause he woulde haue disinherited this Iohn and made a bastarde sonne whiche hee hadde to be his heire The daye appoynted for the Parliamente to bee holden at London bring coâ—…e and the Cleargie continuing in their deâ—…an to graunt anye subsedy the King exluded them out of his protection for the redeeming whereof many by themselues and many by mediators did afterwardes giue vnto the King truth parte of all their goodes The Archbishop of Caunterbury being found stiffe in the matter the Kyng seased all his landes and commaunded all suche debtes as were founde of his in the rolles of the Exchequer to bee leuied with all speede of his goodes and cattayle Abingdon The Archbyshoppe his wordes Some write that when the Archbishop of Caunterburie in name of all the residue hadde declared to them whome the Kyng had appoynted commissioners to receyue the aunswere that whereas they of the Cleargie hadde two soueraigne Lordes and gouernoures the one in spirituall matters and the other in temporall they ought yet rather to obey theyr Spirituall gouernoure than their Temporall Neuerthelesse to satisfye the Kynges pleasure they woulde of theyr owne charges sende to the Pope that by hys licence and permission they myghte graunte the Kyng some aide or else receyue some aunswere from hym what to doe therein for sayeth the Archbyshoppe wee beleeue that the Kyng feareth the sentence of excommunicatioÌ„ and would be as glad to auoyde it as we When the Commissioners hearde this aunswere they required that they woulde appoynte some of theyr owne company to beare this message vnto the Kyng for they durst not reporte it vnto hym which being done as the Commissioners had required the Kyng in his furie proceeded agaynste them in suche rigorous manner as yee haue hearde The declaration of the Lord chiefe Iustice in so muche that
seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer had bin giuen to them at or since the last Parliament belonging aforetime to anye of those persons whome they had appealed and all other theyr Castels Manours Lordships lands possessions rentes seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer whiche they helde of the late kings gyft the day of the arrest of the sayd Duke of Gloucester or at any tyme after shoulde also remaine in the kings disposition from thenceforth and al letters patents and Charters which they or any of them had of the same names Castels Manours Lordships landes possessions and liberties should bee surrendred vp into the Chauncerie there to be cancelled Diuerse other things were enacted in this Parliament to the preiudice of those high estates to satisfie mennes myndes that were sore displeased with their doings in the late kings dayes as nowe it manifestly appeared The hatred which the coment had committed against the appell◅ for after it was vnderstoode that they should be no further punished than as before is mentioned great murmuring rose among the people agaynst the king the Archbishop of Canterburie the Earle of Northumberlande and other of the Counsaile for sauing the liues of men whome the commons reputed most wicked and not worthie in any wise to liue But the King thought it best rather with curtesie to reconcile them than by cutting them off by death to procure the hatred of theyr friendes and allyes which were many and of no small power After that the foresayde iudgement was declared with protestation by Sir William Thirning Iustice The Earle of Salisbury has request the Earle of Salisburie came and made request that he myght haue his protestation entred agaynste the Lorde Morley whiche Lorde Morley rysing vp from his seate sayde that so hee myght not haue bycause in hys firste aunswere he made no protestation and therefore he was past it nowe Sir Mathew Gourney The Earle prayed daye of aduisement but the Lorde Morley prayed that hee might lose his aduauntage sith he had not entred sufficient plea agaynst him Then sir Mathew Gourney sitting vnderneath the king said to the Earle of Salisburie that forsomuch as at the fyrst daye in your aunsweres yee made no protestation at all none is entred of recorde and so you are past that aduauntage and therfore asked him if he would say any other thing Then the Earle desired that he might put in mainprise which was graunted The erle of Salisbury mainprised and so the Erle of Kent sir Rauf Ferrers sir Iohn Roche sir Iohn Drayton knightes mainprised the sayd Erle bodie for bodie For the Lord Morley all the Lorde◅ and Barons offred to vndertake and to be sureties for him but yet four of them had their names entred that is to wit The L. Morlei mainprised the Lordes Willoughbie Beauchampe Scales and Berkley they had day till the Friday after to make theyr libell The Lord Fitz Walter After this came the Lorde Fitzwater and prayed to haue day and place to arraigne his appeale agaynste the Erle of Rutland The king sayde he woulde send for the Duke of Norffolke to returne home and then vpon his returne he sayde he woulde proceede in that matter Many statutes were established in this Parliament as well concerning the whole bodie of the common wealth as by the booke thereof imprinted maye appeare as also concerning diuerse priuate persons then presently liuing which partly we haue touched and partly for doubt to be ouer tedious The Archb. of Canterbury restored to his see we doe omit but this among other is not to be forgottē that the Archbishop of Canterburie was not onely restored to his former dignitie being remoued from it by king Richard who had procured one Roger Walden to be placed therein as before ye haue hearde but also the sayde Walden was established Byshop of London wherewith he seemed very well contented Tho. VVals Hall Moreouer the kings eldest sonne Henry alredie created as heyre to his father to the crown Prince of Wales duke of Cornwall and Erle of Chester was also intituled Duke of Aquitaine to auoyde all tytles claymes and ambiguities there was an act made for the vniting of y e crown vnto king Henrie the fourth The crowne i◅iled and to the heyres of his bodie lawfully begotten his foure sonnes Henrie Thomas Iohn and Humfrey being named as to whom the right should discend successiuely by way of intaile in case where heyres fayled to any of them By force of this act king Hērie thought himselfe firmely set on a sure foundation not needing to feare any storme of aduerse fortune But yet shortly after he was put in danger to haue bene set besides the seate by a conspiracie begon in the Abbot of Westminsters house as after shall appeare The Scottes in time of the late Parliament taking occasion of the absence of the Northern Lords and also by reason of great mortalitie that afflicted the northren people that yeare The castel of wark taken by the Scots Sir Tho. Gray inuaded the borders tooke the Castel of Warke that was assigned to the safe keeping of sir Thomas Grey knight who then was at the Parliament as one of the knights of the shire by incanes of whose absence the enimies the sooner as is to be thought obteyned theyr desire and so kept that Castell a certaine time and finally spoyled it ouerthrew it to the ground Besides this they did many other mischiefes in the Countrey The death of the Duke of Norfolke to the vndoing of many of the kings subiects This yeare Thomas Mowbray Duke of Norffolke dyed in exile at Venice whose death might haue beene worthily bewayled of all the realme if he had not bene consenting to the death of the Duke of Gloucester The same yeare deceassed the duches of Glocester through sorrow as was thought The duches of Glocester deceaseth which she conceyued for the losse of hir sonne and heyre the Lorde Humfrey who being sent for forth of Ireland as before ye haue heard was taken with the pestilence and died by the way But now to speake of the conspiracie whiche was contriued by the Abbot of Westminster as chiefe Instrument thereof Ye shall vnderstande that this Abbot as it is reported vppon a tyme hearde king Henrie say when hee was but Earle of Darbie Nall and yong of yeares that Princes had too little and religious men too muche He therefore doubting nowe What moued the Abbot of Westminster to conspire against the K. least if the king continued long in the estate hee woulde remoue the greate beame that then grieued his eyes and pricked his conscience became an Instrument to search oute the mindes of the Nobilitie and to bring them to an assemble and counsaile where they myght cōsult and cōmen togither how to bring that to effect which they earneslly wished and desired that was the destruction of king Henry and the restoring of king
other longing to the protector with some prentises and laddes that thrust into the hall among the prease beganne sodainly at mennes backes to crie out as lowde as theyr throtes woulde giue King Richard King Richarde and threw vp their cappes in token of ioy And they that stood before cast backe their heads maruelling thereof but nothing they sayde And when the Duke and the Maior saw this maner they wisely turned it to theyr purpose 〈…〉 〈…〉 The Maiors comming to Baynards Castell 〈…〉 what they ment And therevpon the Duke of Buckingham first made huÌ„ble petition vnto him on the behalfe of them all that his grace woulde pardon them and licence them to purpose vnto his grace the intent of their comming without his displeasure without which pardon obteined they must not be holde to moue him of that matter In which albeit they ment as much honour to his grace as wealth to all the realme beside yet were they not sure howe his grace woulde take it whome they woulde in no wyse offende Then the Protectour as he was verie gentle of himselfe and also longed sore to witte what they ment gaue him leaue to purpose what him lyked verily trusting for the good minde that he bare them all none of them any thing woulde intend vnto himwarde wherewith he ought to be grieued When the Duke had this leane and pardon to speake then waxed hee holde to shew him their intent and purpose with all the causes mouing them therevnto as ye before haue heard and finally to beseech his grace that it wold like him of his accustomed goodnesse and zeale vnto the Realme now with his eye of pitie to behold the long continued distresse and decaye of the same and to set his gracious handes to redresse and amendment therof by taking vpon him the crown and gouernaunce of thys Realme accordyng to hys right and tytle lawfully descended vnto him and to the lande of God profite of the lande and vnto his grace so muche the more honour and lesse paine in that that neuer Prince reigned vpon any people that were so glad to liue vnder his obeysaunce as the people of thys Realme vnder his When the Protector had heard the proposition he looked verie straungely thereat and answered that all were it that he partly knew the things by them alledged to be true yet suche entire loue hee bare vnto king Edward and his children that so much more regarded his honor in other realmes about than the crowne of any one of whiche hee was neuer desirous that he could not finde in his hart in this point to encline to thier desire For in all other Nations where the truth were not well knowne it shoulde peraduenture be thought that it were his owne ambicious minde and deuise to depose the Prince and take himselfe the Crowne with which infamie hee woulde not haue his honour stayned for any crowne in which he had euer perceyued much more labor and paine than pleasure to him that so would so vse it as he that would not were not worthie to haue it Notwithstanding he not onely pardoned theÌ„ the motion that they made him but also thanked them for the loue and heartie fauour they bare hym praying them for hys sake to giue and beare the same to the Prince vnder whome hee was and woulde be content to liue and with his labor and counsayle as farre as shoulde lyke the King to vse him he woulde doe his vttermost deuoyr to set the realme in good state whiche was alreadie in this little while of his Protectorship the praise giuen to God well begonne in that the malice of such as were before occasion of the contrarie and of new intended to be were now partly by good policie partly more by Gods speciall prouidence than mans prouision repressed Vpon this â—…re gâ—…n the Dâ—… 〈◊〉 Protectours â—…eenes a â—…e 〈◊〉 aswell 〈◊〉 other noble men aboute 〈◊〉 as with the 〈◊〉 and Reâ—… of London And after that vpâ—… like pardon desired and oâ—…yned he shewed aloud vnto the Protector that for a finall concluâ—… y e the realm was appointed k. Edwards line shâ—… not any longer raigne vpoÌ„ theÌ„ both for that they had so farre gone that it was nowe as â—…ye to retreate as for that they thougâ—… it for the weale vniuersall to take that way although they had not yet begon it Wherefore if it woulde like his grace to â—…lle the Crowne vpon him they woulde huâ—…y beseech him therevnto If he woulde giue them a resolute aunswere to the contrarie whiche they woulde be lothe to heare then muste they needes seeke and should not fayle to find some other noble man that would These wordes much mooued the Protector whiche else as euerie man may wit woulde neuer of likelyhoode haue enclyned therevnto But when hee sawe there was none other waye but that eyther hee muste take it or â—…e hee and hys both gâ—… from it he sayde vnto the Lordes and Commons Sith we perceyue well that all the Realme is so set whereof we bee very sorie that they was not suffer in any wise King Edwards line to gouerne them whome no man earthlye can gouerne agaynst theyr willes and we well also perceyue that no man is there to whome the Crowne can by iust tytle apperteyne as to our selfe as verie right heyre lawfully begotten of the bodie of our moste deare father Rycharde late Duke of Yorke to whiche tytle is now ioyned your election the Nobles and Commons of thys Realme whiche we of all tytles possible take for moste effectuall We be content and agree fauourablye to encline to your petition and request and according to the same The proâ—… taketh vpâ—… him to be king here we take vpon vs the royall estate preâ—…minence and kingdome of the two noble Realmes Englande and Fraunce the tone fro this daye forwarde by vs and our heyres to rule gouerne and defende the tother by Gods grace and your good helpe to get againe and subdue and establishe for euer in due obedience vnto thys Realme of Englande the aduauncement whereof wee neuer aske of God longer to liue than we intend to procure With this there was a greate shoute crying King Rycharde King Richarde And then the Lordes went vp to the King for so was he from that tyme called and the people departed talking dyuerselye of the matter euery man as hys fantasie gaue hym But much they talked and marueyled of the maner of this dealing that the matter was on both partes made so straunge as thoughe neyther had euer communed with other thereof before when that them selfe wyâ—… there was no manne so dull that hâ—…de them bin hee perceyued well ynough that all the matter was made betwene them Howbeit some exâ—…d that agayne and sayde all muste be owne at good order though And men muste sometyme for the manners sake not be a known what they know For at the consecration of a Bishop euery man â—…teth well by the paying
much esteemed amongst great estates of the Realm with whome the vsed sometime liberally familiarly to talke now hauing opportunitie and occasion to breake hir minde vnto him of this weighty matter declared that the time was come that hir sonne should be ioyned in mariage with Lady Elizabeth daughter and heire to K. Edward and that K. Richard being taken and reputed of all men for the common enimie of the Realme should out of all honoure and estate bee detected of his rule kingdome be cleerely spoiled and expulsed and required him to goe to Q. Elizabeth with whome in his facultie he was of counsaile not as a messenger but as one y t came friendly to visite consolate hir and as time and place shoulde require to make hir priuie of thys deuise not as a thing concluded but as a purpose by him imagined This phisician did not long ◅ger to accomplish hir desire but with good diligence repared to the Q. being stil in the sanctuary at West And whē he saw time propice and conuenient for his purpose he saw vnto hir Madame although my imaginatiō be very simple my deuice more folish yet for the entier affection that I beare toward you your childrē I am so bold to vtter vnto you a secrete priuie conceit y t I haue cast cōpassed in my fantastical braine Whē I wel remēbred and no lesse considered the greate losse dammage that you haue susteyned by the death of your noble and louing husbande the great doloure and sorow that you haue suffered and tollerated by y e cruell murther of youre innocent children I can no lesse do both of bounden duetie and christian charitie than dayly to studie hourely imagine not only how to bring your heart to comfort and gladu◅s but also deuise how to reuēge the righteous quarell of you your children on that bloudy bloudsupper and cruel tyrant K. Richard And first cōsider what battaile what manslaughter what mischief hath risen in this Realme by the dissention betweene the two noble houses of Yorke and Lancaster which two families as I haue contriued if they may bee ioyned in one I thinke yea and doubte not but youre line shal be againe restored to the pristinate estate and degree to your great ioy and cōfort and to y e vtter cōfusion of your mortall enimie the vsurper K. You know very well Madame y t of the house of Lancaster y e erle of Richmond is next of bloud which is liuing a lustie yōg batcheler to y e house of York your daughters now are heires if you could agree and inuēt the meane howe to couple youre eldest daughter with the yong erle of Richmond in matrimonie no doubt but the vsurper of the Realme shoulde be shortly deposed and your heire againe to hir right restored When the Queene had hearde this friendely motion which was as farre from hir thought as the man that the rude people say is in y e Moone lord how hir spirites reuiued and how hir hearte lept in hir body for ioy and gladnesse and fyrste giuing lawde to Almightie GOD as the chiefe author of hyr comfort secondarily to master Lewes as the deuiser of the good newes and tydyngs instantely besought hym that as hee hadde bin the fyrste inuenter of so good an enterprise that nowe hee woulde not relinquishe nor desist to follow the same requiring hym farther bycause he was apperteyning to the Countesse of Richmonde mother to the Earle Henry that he would with all diligente celeritie resort to hir then lodging in hir husbandes place within the Citie of London and to declare on the Queenes behalfe to the Countesse that all the friends and fautors of King Edwarde hir husband shoulde assist and take parte with the Earle of Richemond hir sonne so that he would take a corporall othe after the Kingdome obteined to espouse and take to wife the Lady Elizabeth hir daughter or else Lady Cecyle if the eldest daughter were not then liuing Maister Lewes with all dexteritie so sped his businesse that he made and concluded a final end and determination of this enterprise betweene the two mothers and bycause he was a Phisition and out of all suspicion and misdeeming hee was the common curter and dayly messenger betweene them ayding and setting forth the inuented conspiracie against King Richarde So the Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmonde broughte into a good hope of the preferment of hir sonne made Reignold Bray hir most faithfull seruaunt chiefe soliciter and priuie procurer of this conspiracie giuing him in charge secretely to enuegle and attract such persons of nobilitie to ioyne with hir take hir part as he knewe to be ingenious faithfull diligent and of actiuitie This Reignold Bray within few dayes brought vnto his lure firste of all taking of euery person a solemne othe to be true and secret sir Giles Daubeney sir Iohn Cheyney Knight Richard Guylford and Thomas Rame Esquiers and diuers other The Countesse of Richemond was not so diligente for hir parte but Q. Elizabeth was as vigilant on the other side and made friends and appoynted Counsellors to set forward and aduaunce hir businesse In the meane season the Countesse of Richmonde tooke into hir seruice Christopher Vrswike an honest and a wise Prieste and after an othe of him for to bee secrete taken and sworne the vttered to him all hir minde and counsayle adhibiting to hym the more confidence and trueth that hee all his life had fauoured and taken partee with King Henrye the sixte and as a speciall iewell put to hir seruice by Sir Lewes hee hir Phisition So the mother studious for the prosperitie of hir sonne appoynted this Christopher Vrswike to sayle into Britaine to the Earle of Richmonde and to declare and to reueale to him all pactes and agreementes betweene hir and the Queene agreed and concluded but suddaynely shee remembring that the Duke of Burkingham was one of the firste inuentors and a secret founder of thys enterprise determined to send some personage of more estimation than hir Chaplayne and so elected for a messenger Hugh Conwey Esquier and sente him into Britaine with a greate summe of money to hir sonne gyuing him in charge to declare to the Earle the greate loue and especiall fauoure that the most part of the nobilitie of the Realme bare towarde him the louing heartes and beneuolent mindes whiche the whole communaltie of theyr owne free will frankely offe◅and liberally exhibited to him willing and aduising him not to neglect so good an occasion apparantly offered but with all speede and diligence to addict and settle his mind and ful intētion how to returne home againe into Englād where hee was both wished and looked for gyuing him farther monicion and councell to take land and arriuall in the principalitie of Wales where he should not doubt to finde both and cōfort friēds Richard Guilford least Hugh Cōwey mighte fortune to bee taken or stopped at
Chandew of Britain his especial frend he made erle of Bath Sir Giles Daubency was made lord Daubeney sir Robert Willoughby was made L. Brooke And Edward Stafforde eldest sonne to Henrye late Duke of Buckingham he restored to his name dignitie and possessions which by king Richard were confiscate and attainted Beside this in this parliament was this notable acte assented to and concluded as followeth To the pleasure of Almightye God wealth prosperitie and suretie of this Realme of England and to the singular comfort of all the kinges subiectes of the same in auoyding all ambiguitie and questions An acte for the establishing of the Crovvne Be it ordeined established and enacted by this present parliament that the inheritance of the crowne of this realme of England and also of Fraunce with all the preeminēce and dignitie royal to the same apertaining and all other seigniories to the king belongyng beyond the sea w t the appurtenāces therto in any wise due or apertaining shal rest remain abide in the most royal person of our nowe soueraigne lord K. Henry the seuēth and in the heires of his body laufully coming perpetually with y e grace of god so to endure in none other And beside this act al atteynders of this K. enacted by king Edward and Kyng Richard were adnichilate and the recorde of the same adiudged to be defaced and all persones attented for his cause and occasion were restored to their goods landes and possessions Diuers acts also made in this time of king Edward and king Richard were reuoked and other adiudged more expedient for the cōmon wealthe were put in their places and concluded After the dissolution of this parliament the king remembring his frends left in hostage beyonde the seas that is to wit the Marques Dorset and sir Io. Bourchier he with all conueniēt spede redemed them sente also into Flanders for Iohn Morton Bishop of Ely These actes performed he chose to bee of his counsayle a conuenient number of right graue and wyse counsellours Although by this meanes al things seemed to be brought in good and perfect order yet ther lacked a wrest to the harpe to set all the strings in a monacorde and perfecte tune which was the matrimonie to be finished betwene the king and the Lady Elizabeth daughter to king Edward which like a good Prince according to his othe promise King Henrye the seuenthe taketh to vvife Elizabeth eldeste daughter of Edvvard the fourthe 1486 did both solemnise cosummate shortely after that is to saye on the .xviij. day of Ianuarie by reason of whych mariage peace was thought to descende out of heauen into Englād considering that the lynes of Lancaster Yorke were now brought into one knot and connexed togither of whose two bodies one heire myghte succeede to rule and enioye the whole monarchie and realme of Englande Shortly after for the better preseruation of his royall person he constituted and ordeyned a certaine number as well of good Archers as of dyuers other persons hardie strong and actiue to giue dayly attendance on his persone whome he named yeomen of his garde Yeomen of the garde firste brought in which president men thought that he lerned of the French king when he was in France For it is not remembred that any Kyng of Englande before that daye vsed any such furniture of dayly souldiours In the same yeare a newe kynde of sicknesse inuaded sodeynly the people of this lande Another parliament the same yeare passing thorough the same from the one ende to the other It began about the .xxj. of September and continued till the latter end of October beyng so sharpe and deadly that the lyke was neuer hearde of to any mannes remembrance before that tyme. For sodeynely a deadely burnyng sweate so assayled theyr bodies The svveating sickenesse and distempered their bloud wyth a moste ardent heat that scarse one amongst an hundred that sickned did escape with life for all in maner as soone as the sweat tooke them or within a short tyme after yelded vp the ghost besyde the great number which deceassed within the citie of London two Mayres successiuely died within viij days .vj. Aldermē At length by the diligent obseruatiō of those that escaped whiche marking what things had done thē good holpen to their deliuerance vsed the lyke agayne when they fell into the same disease A remedye for ◅e svveating ◅sse the second or thirde tyme as to dyuers it chaunced a remedie was founde for that mortall maladie which was this If a man on the daye tyme were taken with the sweate then should he streight lye downe withal his clothes and garments and continue in hys sweat .xxiiij. houres after so moderate a sort as might bee If in the nyghte hee chaunced to be taken then shoulde he not ryse out of his bedde for the space of .xxiiij. houres so castyng the cloathes that he myght in no wyse prouoke the sweate but so lye temperately that the water mighte distyll out softly of the owne accord and to abstein from all meat if he might so long suffer hunger to take no more drinke neyther hot nor colde thā wold moderatly quench assuage his thirstie appetite And thus with lukewarme drinke temperate heate and measurable clothes manye escaped fewe whiche vsed this order after it was founde out dyed of that sweat Mary one point diligētly aboue all other in this cure is to be obserued that he neuer put out his hande or feete out of the bed to refreshe or coole himself which to do is no lesse ieopardie than short and present death Thus this disease comming in the first yeare of king Henries reigne was iudged of some to be a token and signe of a troublous reigne of the same king as the profe partly afterwardes shewed it selfe The king standing in neede of money to discharge suche debtes and to maynteyn such port as was behouefull sente the Lorde Treasourer with Maister Reignold Bray and others vnto the Lord Mayre of London requiryng of the Citie a prest of sixe thousand markes Whervpon the sayd Lord Mayre and his brethren with the Commons of the Citie graunted a preast of two thousande poundes whiche was leuyed of the companies and not of the wardes and in the yeare next ensuyng it was well and truly agayne repayde euery penny to the good contentation and satisfying of them that disbursed it The king considering that the suretie of his royall estate and defence of the realme consisted chiefly in good lawes and ordinaunces to bee hadde and obserued among his people summoned eftsoones his highe courte of Parliamente therein to deuise and establishe some profitable actes and statutes for the wealth and commoditie of his people and then after hauyng sette thinges in quiet about London hee tooke his iorney into the North partes there to purge all the dregges of malicious treason that myghte rest in the heartes of vnquiet persons and namely