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A50249 A disputation concerning church-members and their children in answer to XXI questions wherein the state of such children when adult, together with their duty towards the church, and the churches duty towards them is discussed by an assembly of divines meeting at Boston in New England, June 4th, 1657 / now published by a lover of truth. Mather, Richard, 1596-1669. 1659 (1659) Wing M1271A; ESTC R3585 21,931 42

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a_o disputation_n concerning_o church-member_n and_o their_o child_n in_o answer_n to_o xxi_o question_n wherein_o the_o state_n of_o such_o child_n when_o adult_a together_o with_o their_o duty_n towards_o the_o church_n and_o the_o church_n duty_n towards_o they_o be_v discuss_v by_o a_o assembly_n of_o divine_n meet_v at_o boston_n in_o new_a england_n june_n four_o 1657._o now_o publish_v by_o a_o lover_n of_o truth_n london_n print_v by_o i._n hayes_n for_o samuel_n thomson_n at_o the_o bishop_n head_n in_o paul_n churchyard_n 1659._o to_o the_o reader_n it_o be_v just_o account_v one_o of_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n that_o god_n have_v honour_v they_o with_o special_a light_n in_o some_o momentous_a truth_n above_o what_o he_o have_v other_o protestant_a church_n round_o about_o they_o the_o morality_n of_o the_o christian_a sabbath_n deep_a and_o spiritual_a insight_n into_o those_o secret_a transaction_n between_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o soul_n of_o his_o elect_a at_o their_o first_o conversion_n and_o also_o in_o their_o after_o walk_v in_o communion_n with_o god_n be_v usual_o observe_v as_o instance_n hereof_o and_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n though_o perhaps_o in_o a_o low_a rank_n be_v those_o truth_n about_o the_o institute_a worship_n of_o god_n which_o have_v be_v now_o for_o some_o year_n a_o considerable_a part_n of_o those_o disquisition_n which_o do_v also_o at_o this_o day_n exercise_v the_o most_o search_a thought_n and_o able_a pen_n that_o be_v among_o we_o and_o true_o the_o deal_n of_o god_n in_o his_o providence_n towards_o the_o people_n of_o this_o land_n in_o bring_v out_o the_o light_n and_o glory_n of_o these_o truth_n have_v be_v observable_a and_o different_a from_o the_o way_n that_o he_o have_v walk_v in_o to_o other_o church_n for_o whereas_o they_o rise_v up_o from_o antichristian_a apostasy_n in_o doctrine_n and_o discipline_n both_o at_o once_o together_o with_o his_o abomination_n in_o faith_n reject_v 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scripture_n from_o the_o subject_a thereof_o viz._n a_o believer_n rom._n 10._o 10._o every_o believer_n be_v a_o confessor_n from_o the_o matter_n the_o great_a truth_n i_o e._n the_o doctrine_n of_o christ_n jesus_n heb._n 3._o 1._o the_o apostle_n of_o our_o confession_n from_o the_o manner_n other_o not_o be_v exclude_v as_o we_o be_v call_v thereunto_o 1_o pet._n 3._o 15._o in_o a_o church_n way_n mat._n 16._o 16_o 19_o paul_n 2_o cor._n 9_o 13._o in_o a_o special_a manner_n commend_v the_o subjection_n of_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o church_n astipulation_n of_o the_o corinthian_n from_o its_o excellency_n a_o good_a profession_n 1_o tim._n 6._o 12._o a_o good_a confession_n v._n 13._o it_o be_v give_v glory_n unto_o god_n 2_o cor._n 9_o 13._o it_o be_v victorious_a exemplariness_n in_o respect_n of_o man_n rev._n 12._o 11._o the_o blessing_n upon_o the_o sincere_a performance_n thereof_o heb._n 11._o 13_o 16._o mat._n 10._o 32._o with_o the_o heart_n man_n believe_v unto_o righteousness_n and_o with_o the_o mouth_n confession_n be_v make_v unto_o salvation_n quest_n 7._o whether_o as_o large_a qualification_n be_v not_o require_v of_o a_o member_n child_n to_o the_o participation_n of_o the_o lord_n supper_n and_o the_o privilege_n of_o vote_n and_o censure_n as_o be_v requirable_a of_o his_o parent_n at_o their_o first_o entrance_n ans._n the_o hold_v forth_o of_o faith_n and_o repentance_n with_o a_o ability_n to_o examine_v themselves_o by_o way_n of_o confession_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o charity_n 7._o be_v all_o requirable_a in_o the_o parent_n for_o admission_n into_o the_o church_n to_o full_a communion_n and_o the_o same_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o regular_a admission_n of_o the_o parent_n child_n be_v grow_v adult_a unto_o his_o full_a communion_n with_o the_o church_n for_o the_o clear_n of_o this_o proposition_n two_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v prove_v 1._o that_o they_o be_v to_o have_v faith_n and_o repentance_n 2._o that_o this_o faith_n and_o repentance_n must_v appear_v to_o other_o first_o they_o be_v to_o have_v faith_n and_o repentance_n 1._o because_o examination_n be_v the_o duty_n and_o faith_n and_o repentance_n be_v the_o matter_n of_o their_o examination_n without_o both_o the_o be_v and_o exercise_n of_o which_o they_o can_v come_v worthy_o to_o the_o lord_n supper_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o their_o examination_n 2._o from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o lord_n supper_n which_o be_v institute_v not_o for_o regeneration_n but_o for_o nourishment_n and_o confirmation_n it_o be_v a_o supper_n and_o a_o seal_n that_o their_o faith_n and_o repentance_n ought_v to_o appear_v to_o other_o be_v manifest_a thus_o the_o officer_n ought_v to_o be_v wise_a and_o faithful_a steward_n now_o to_o such_o it_o belong_v not_o only_o to_o dispense_v a_o portion_n in_o reason_n but_o to_o see_v also_o that_o those_o to_o who_o it_o be_v dispense_v be_v meet_v to_o receive_v their_o portion_n luke_n 12._o 42._o 1_o cor._n 4._o 2._o the_o lord_n supper_n can_v regular_o be_v administer_v to_o any_o receiver_n concerning_o who_o personal_o according_a to_o truth_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o charity_n the_o minister_n can_v say_v take_v and_o eat_v this_o be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o lord_n jesus_n which_o be_v give_v for_o you_o but_o this_o the_o minister_n can_v say_v with_o good_a conscience_n to_o any_o one_o upon_o his_o mere_a have_n of_o faith_n and_o repentance_n without_o a_o visible_a hold_v forth_o of_o the_o same_o to_o other_o in_o their_o own_o person_n because_o both_o the_o exercise_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o exercise_n of_o grace_n be_v requisite_a to_o the_o take_n and_o eat_v here_o require_v as_o this_o prove_v the_o assertion_n concerning_o the_o officer_n so_o 1_o cor._n 10._o 15_o 16_o 17._o prove_v the_o same_o concerning_o the_o whole_a body_n because_o in_o a_o regular_a celebration_n of_o the_o lord_n supper_n the_o whole_a church_n do_v judge_v all_o the_o partaker_n thereof_o to_o have_v spiritual_a communion_n with_o christ_n crucify_v and_o one_o with_o another_o as_o one_o body_n in_o he_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o church_n and_o officer_n respective_o as_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o holy_a thing_n so_o to_o discern_v between_o the_o holy_a and_o profane_a the_o clean_a and_o the_o unclean_a as_o that_o the_o sacrament_n may_v only_o be_v administer_v unto_o worthy_a receiver_n ezek._n 44._o 7_o 8_o 23._o but_o this_o can_v be_v except_o the_o premise_a essential_a requisite_n be_v make_v appear_v to_o they_o in_o judgement_n of_o charity_n concerning_o the_o power_n of_o vote_v it_o be_v not_o rational_a that_o they_o shall_v exercise_v a_o church-power_n as_o to_o the_o administration_n of_o church-ordinance_n which_o vote_v imply_v who_o themselves_o be_v unfit_a for_o all_o ordinance_n they_o who_o be_v thus_o unfit_a will_v abuse_v the_o ordinance_n themselves_o and_o admit_v and_o retain_v unworthy_a officer_n and_o member_n and_o discourage_v the_o worthy_a and_o therefore_o power_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o be_v not_o for_o edification_n but_o for_o destruction_n contrary_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o christ_n 2_o cor._n 10._o 8._o quest_n 8._o whether_o by_o covenant_n seed_n be_v mean_v the_o seed_n of_o immediate_a parent_n only_o or_o of_o remote_a also_o ans._n the_o gospel_n by_o covenant_n seed_n intend_v only_o the_o seed_n of_o immediate_a parent_n in_o church_n covenant_n as_o appear_v from_o 1_o cor._n 7._o 14._o the_o parent_n there_o speak_v of_o be_v immediate_a parent_n their_o progenitor_n be_v heathen_n the_o gospel_n extend_v not_o the_o external_a covenant_n beyond_o the_o immediate_a parent_n if_o neither_o of_o the_o immediate_a parent_n be_v in_o covenant_n their_o child_n be_v unclean_a see_v the_o text_n the_o next_o parent_n may_v bring_v in_o his_o seed_n though_o his_o progenitor_n be_v unbeliever_n and_o the_o next_o parent_n may_v cut_v off_o their_o seed_n though_o the_o progenitor_n be_v believer_n witness_v the_o instance_n of_o ishmael_n and_o esau_n ier._n 9_o 25_o 26._o ezek._n 32._o 29._o psal._n 83._o 6._o mal._n 1._o 4._o gen._n 21._o 10._o otherwise_o there_o can_v no_o generation_n be_v give_v where_o the_o covenant_n interest_n of_o posterity_n can_v expedient_o be_v bound_v depinge_fw-la ubi_fw-la sistam_fw-la show_v we_o where_o we_o shall_v make_v our_o stand_n the_o contrary_a expose_v the_o church_n to_o inevitable_a and_o intolerable_a impurity_n quest_n 9_o whether_o adopt_a child_n and_o bond_n servant_n be_v covenant-seed_n ans._n adopt_a child_n and_o infant-servant_n regular_o and_o absolute_o subject_v to_o the_o government_n and_o dispose_n of_o such_o head_n of_o family_n as_o be_v in_o church-covenant_n though_o they_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v their_o natural_a seed_n yet_o in_o regard_n the_o scripture_n according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o many_o godly_a learned_a extend_v to_o they_o the_o same_o covenant_n privilege_n 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own_o person_n whether_o we_o say_v the_o child_n of_o such_o a_o person_n be_v to_o be_v baptise_v whereunto_o we_o answer_v in_o these_o follow_a proposition_n propos._n 1._o infant_n either_o of_o who_o immediate_a parent_n be_v in_o church-covenant_n do_v confaederate_a with_o their_o parent_n and_o be_v therefore_o church-member_n with_o they_o see_v ans._n to_o quest_n 1._o propos._n 2._o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o those_o infant_n when_o grow_v up_o to_o year_n of_o discretion_n though_o not_o yet_o fit_a for_o the_o lord_n supper_n to_o own_v the_o covenant_n they_o make_v with_o their_o parent_n by_o enter_v thereinto_o in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o church_n to_o call_v upon_o they_o for_o the_o performance_n thereof_o as_o appear_v by_o scripture_n example_n of_o person_n both_o call_v to_o and_o enter_v into_o covenant_n many_o of_o who_o can_v not_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o personal_o gracious_a and_o therefore_o not_o fit_a for_o
all_o ordinance_n and_o full_a communion_n deut._n 29._o 12_o 14._o 2_o chron._n 15._o 12._o 2_o chron._n 34._o 31_o 32._o where_o it_o be_v mention_v as_o the_o performance_n of_o a_o duty_n whereto_o they_o stand_v oblige_v by_o the_o covenant_n make_v in_o their_o infancy_n propos._n 3._o be_v according_o call_v thereunto_o if_o after_o church-admonition_n and_o other_o due_a mean_n with_o patience_n use_v 7._o they_o shall_v refuse_v the_o performance_n of_o this_o great_a duty_n or_o in_o case_n they_o shall_v notwithstanding_o like_o mean_n apply_v any_o otherwise_o continue_v scandalous_a it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o the_o church_n to_o proceed_v with_o they_o to_o the_o censure_n of_o excommunication_n because_o the_o fact_n mention_v deserve_v excommunication_n 2_o chron._n 15._o 13._o mat._n 18._o 17._o 2_o cor._n 5._o 11._o 2_o thes._n 3._o 6_o 14._o and_o the_o person_n be_v church-member_n be_v confederate_a with_o their_o parent_n and_o the_o church_n as_o the_o matter_n require_v administer_v discipline_n to_o the_o member_n thereof_o without_o respect_n of_o person_n according_a to_o their_o capacity_n 1_o cor._n 5._o 12._o 1_o tim._n 5._o 21._o add_v hereunto_o the_o instance_n of_o those_o who_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o congregation_n for_o their_o nonobservance_n of_o that_o covenant_n ezr._n 10._o 3_o 7_o 8._o together_o with_o the_o example_n of_o cain_n ishmael_n and_o esau_n not_o a_o little_a contribute_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o assertion_n by_o way_n of_o proportion_n propos._n 4._o in_o case_n they_o understand_v the_o ground_n of_o religion_n be_v not_o scandalous_a and_o solemn_o own_o the_o covenant_n in_o their_o own_o person_n wherein_o they_o give_v up_o both_o themselves_o and_o their_o child_n unto_o the_o lord_n and_o desire_v baptism_n for_o they_o we_o with_o due_a reverence_n to_o any_o godly_a learned_a that_o may_v dissent_v see_v not_o sufficient_a cause_n to_o deny_v baptism_n unto_o their_o child_n these_o reason_n for_o the_o affirmative_a be_v propose_v to_o consideration_n 1._o church-member_n without_o offence_n and_o not_o baptise_v be_v to_o be_v baptise_v the_o child_n in_o question_n be_v church-member_n without_o offence_n and_o not_o baptise_v therefore_o the_o child_n in_o question_n be_v to_o be_v baptise_v 2._o child_n in_o the_o covenant_n of_o abraham_n as_o to_o the_o substance_n thereof_o i_o e._n to_o who_o the_o promise_n make_v to_o abraham_n as_o to_o the_o substance_n thereof_o do_v belong_v be_v to_o be_v baptise_v the_o child_n in_o question_n be_v child_n in_o the_o covenant_n of_o abraham_n as_o to_o the_o substance_n thereof_o therefore_o the_o child_n in_o question_n be_v to_o be_v baptise_v 3._o child_n in_o the_o same_o estate_n with_o those_o child_n under_o the_o law_n unto_o who_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o righteousness_n of_o faith_n because_o in_o that_o estate_n be_v by_o institution_n divine_a to_o be_v apply_v the_o precept_n for_o so_o do_v not_o repeal_v and_o the_o reason_n for_o so_o do_v still_o remain_v be_v to_o be_v baptise_v but_o the_o child_n in_o question_n be_v child_n in_o the_o same_o estate_n viz._n regular_o in_o church-covenant_n with_o those_o child_n under_o the_o law_n unto_o who_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o righteousness_n of_o faith_n because_o in_o that_o estate_n be_v by_o institution_n divine_a to_o be_v apply_v the_o precept_n for_o so_o do_v not_o repeal_v and_o the_o reason_n for_o so_o do_v still_o remain_v therefore_o the_o child_n in_o question_n be_v to_o be_v baptise_v 4._o either_o the_o child_n in_o question_n be_v to_o be_v baptise_v or_o the_o gospel_n dispensation_n forbid_v the_o application_n of_o the_o seal_n unto_o child_n regular_o in_o church-covenant_n unto_o who_o the_o mosaical_a dispensation_n command_v it_o to_o be_v apply_v but_o the_o gospel_n despensation_n forbid_v not_o the_o application_n of_o the_o seal_n unto_o child_n regular_o in_o church-covenant_n unto_o who_o the_o mosaical_a dispensation_n command_v it_o to_o be_v apply_v therefore_o the_o child_n in_o question_n be_v to_o be_v baptise_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n infer_v that_o the_o gospel_n bereave_v the_o child_n mention_v at_o least_o in_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o their_o glory_n advantage_n mercy_n blessing_n and_o that_o in_o this_o respect_n it_o cast_v reproach_n yea_o bring_v disadvantage_n a_o judgement_n a_o curse_n upon_o they_o iosh._n 5._o 9_o rom._n 3._o 1_o 2._o and_o 9_o 4_o 5._o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o less_o evangelical_a tenent_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o gospel_n be_v to_o enlarge_v and_o better_o not_o to_o contract_v and_o diminish_v the_o external_a dispensation_n of_o grace_n 5._o child_n unto_o who_o the_o gospel_n testify_v both_o the_o promise_n and_o baptism_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o promise_n to_o belong_v aught_o to_o be_v baptise_v the_o child_n in_o question_n be_v child_n unto_o who_o the_o gospel_n testify_v both_o the_o promise_n and_o baptism_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o to_o promise_v to_o belong_v act_n 2._o 39_o therefore_o the_o child_n in_o question_n ought_v to_o be_v baptise_v obj._n the_o parent_n though_o a_o church-member_n own_v the_o covenant_n in_o his_o own_o person_n and_o qualify_v according_a to_o the_o premise_n be_v not_o admit_v to_o full_a communion_n therefore_o the_o child_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v baptise_v ans._n the_o church-act_n only_o and_o not_o any_o other_o act_n much_o less_o defect_n of_o the_o parent_n be_v by_o divine_a institution_n account_v to_o the_o child_n the_o membership_n of_o the_o child_n be_v a_o distinct_a membership_n from_o the_o membership_n of_o the_o parent_n in_o case_n the_o parent_n membership_n cease_v by_o death_n or_o censure_n the_o membership_n of_o the_o child_n remain_v still_o the_o membership_n of_o the_o child_n be_v the_o same_o in_o kind_n with_o and_o not_o inferior_a to_o the_o membership_n of_o the_o parent_n membership_n be_v a_o relation_n and_o therefore_o admit_v not_o of_o magìs_fw-la and_o minùs_fw-la more_o or_o less_o member_n be_v better_a or_o worse_o and_o communion_n be_v more_o or_o less_o but_o membership_n admit_v not_o of_o degree_n benjamin_n a_o infant_n but_o of_o a_o hour_n old_a be_v as_o true_o a_o son_n as_o reuben_n a_o man_n of_o twenty_o two_o year_n of_o age_n the_o child_n be_v baptise_v by_o virtue_n of_o his_o own_o membership_n and_o not_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o parent_n membership_n the_o parent_n death_n be_v not_o with_o we_o a_o obstacle_n of_o the_o child_n baptism_n propos._n 5._o the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v concerning_o the_o child_n of_o such_o person_n in_o question_n who_o be_v dead_a or_o necessary_o absent_a either_o do_v or_o do_v give_v the_o church_n cause_n in_o judgement_n of_o charity_n to_o look_v at_o they_o as_o thus_o qualify_v and_o such_o as_o have_v they_o be_v call_v thereunto_o will_v so_o act_v for_o in_o charity_n that_o be_v here_o do_v interpretative_o which_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o four_o proposition_n express_o propos._n 6._o though_o the_o person_n forementioned_a own_o the_o covenant_n according_a to_o the_o premise_n yet_o before_o they_o be_v admit_v to_o full_a communion_n i_o e._n to_o the_o lord_n supper_n and_o vote_v they_o must_v so_o hold_v forth_o their_o faith_n and_o repentance_n unto_o the_o judgement_n of_o charity_n by_o way_n of_o confession_n in_o the_o congregation_n as_o it_o may_v appear_v unto_o the_o church_n that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o examine_v themselves_o and_o to_o discern_v the_o lord_n body_n see_v the_o proof_n hereof_o in_o ans._n to_o quest_n seven_o quest_n 11._o whether_o child_n beget_v by_o a_o excommunicate_a person_n be_v to_o be_v baptise_v he_o so_o remain_v ans._n we_o can_v for_o the_o present_a answer_n the_o follow_a argument_n for_o the_o negative_a 1._o person_n excommunicate_a be_v not_o member_n and_o the_o promise_n make_v to_o the_o seed_n belong_v under_o the_o gospel_n only_o to_o the_o seed_n of_o immediate_a parent_n in_o covenant_n 2._o excommunicate_a parent_n be_v to_o be_v look_v at_o in_o church_n account_n as_o heathen_n and_o publican_n now_o the_o church_n ought_v not_o to_o baptise_v the_o child_n of_o those_o which_o she_o be_v to_o account_v as_o heathen_n and_o publican_n because_o their_o child_n be_v unclean_a 1_o cor._n 7._o 14._o 3._o to_o baptise_v the_o child_n of_o the_o excommunicate_a be_v to_o have_v church-communion_n with_o the_o excommunicate_a but_o those_o that_o we_o be_v forbid_v to_o have_v civil_a communion_n with_o 1_o cor._n 5._o 11._o we_o be_v much_o more_o forbid_v to_o have_v church_n communion_n with_o quest_n 12._o whether_o a_o child_n bear_v of_o a_o just_o censurable_a person_n yet_o not_o actual_o excommunicate_v be_v to_o be_v baptise_v ans._n we_o answer_v affirmative_o 1._o because_o the_o child_n be_v a_o church-member_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o covenant_n with_o his_o parent_n 2._o