example_n in_o all_o history_n as_o namely_o by_o the_o example_n of_o achilles_n in_o homer_n of_o mago_n and_o turnus_n in_o virgil_n which_o do_v therefore_o stand_v yet_o upon_o record_n to_o justify_v the_o like_a practice_n hereafter_o by_o the_o right_n of_o war_n for_o st._n augustine_n himself_o commend_v the_o goth_n for_o spare_v suppliant_n 2._o de_fw-fr civit._n dei_fw-la c._n 2._o and_o such_o as_o flee_v unto_o temple_n for_o protection_n yet_o say_v that_o which_o by_o the_o right_n of_o war_n they_o may_v do_v they_o think_v unlawful_a for_o they_o to_o do_v neither_o be_v they_o always_o receive_v to_o mercy_n that_o beg_v it_o witness_v the_o grecian_n that_o side_v with_o the_o persian_n against_o alexander_n at_o that_o great_a battle_n fight_v at_o the_o river_n granicum_fw-la 12._o ann._n 12._o and_o the_o uspense_v in_o tacitus_n who_o crave_v leave_n but_o to_o depart_v their_o city_n with_o their_o body_n free_a be_v reject_v by_o the_o conqueror_n because_o it_o will_v have_v be_v think_v cruelty_n to_o have_v kill_v they_o in_o cold_a blood_n after_o they_o have_v yield_v themselves_o and_o hard_o to_o keep_v a_o guard_n upon_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n therefore_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o let_v they_o perish_v by_o the_o sword_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o arms._n observe_v here_o also_o the_o right_n of_o war._n xii_o yea_o and_o to_o such_o as_o yield_v without_o condition_n neither_o do_v they_o always_o find_v mercy_n that_o surrender_v themselves_o without_o any_o condition_n at_o all_o but_o even_o these_o be_v sometime_o put_v to_o death_n as_o the_o prince_n of_o pomeria_fw-la be_v by_o the_o roman_n the_o samnite_n by_o sylla_n the_o numidian_n yea_o and_o vercingentoriges_n himself_o by_o caesar_n nay_o it_o be_v almost_o the_o perpetual_a practice_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n upon_o the_o day_n of_o their_o triumph_n 1._o dion_n 45._o livy_n 2._o cicero_n in_o ver._n 5._o livy_n lib._n 28._o annal._n 1._o to_o put_v to_o death_n all_o the_o captain_n and_o other_o commander_n whether_o they_o be_v take_v prisoner_n during_o the_o war_n or_o have_v yield_v themselves_o as_o cicero_n in_o form_n we_o in_o his_o five_o oration_n against_o verres_n which_o both_o livy_n and_o tacitus_n confirm_v nay_o the_o same_o tacitus_n record_v it_o of_o galba_n that_o he_o cause_v the_o ten_o man_n to_o be_v kill_v of_o those_o who_o upon_o submission_n he_o have_v receive_v to_o mercy_n and_o caecina_n upon_o the_o surrender_n of_o aventicum_n cause_v julius_n alpinus_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n as_o be_v the_o principal_a instigator_n of_o the_o war_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o citizen_n he_o leave_v to_o either_o the_o mercy_n or_o the_o severity_n of_o vitellius_n xiii_o this_o right_a not_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o other_o cause_n it_o be_v the_o usual_a custom_n of_o historian_n to_o ascribe_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o cruelty_n and_o outrage_n against_o captive_n or_o suppliant_n either_o to_o the_o like_a cruelty_n do_v by_o they_o unto_o other_o or_o to_o their_o obstinacy_n in_o resist_v they_o but_o these_o be_v rather_o pretence_n than_o just_a cause_n for_o retaliation_n proper_o so_o call_v be_v not_o to_o be_v execute_v but_o upon_o the_o same_o person_n that_o offend_v as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v where_o we_o discourse_v concern_v the_o communication_n of_o punishment_n but_o contrariwise_o in_o war_n this_o right_n of_o retaliation_n be_v often_o exercise_v on_o those_o who_o be_v in_o no_o measure_n guilty_a of_o the_o crime_n for_o which_o they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v punish_v this_o custom_n be_v thus_o describe_v by_o diodorus_n siculus_n the_o chance_n of_o war_n be_v on_o both_o side_n equal_a neither_o party_n can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o this_o that_o in_o case_n they_o be_v vanquish_v what_o they_o intend_v to_o do_v against_o their_o enemy_n have_v they_o be_v victor_n that_o they_o must_v be_v content_v to_o suffer_v from_o they_o thus_o do_v philomelus_n the_o phocensian_a general_n persuade_v his_o enemy_n to_o refrain_v from_o a_o proud_a and_o insolent_a revenge_n by_o threaten_v to_o exact_v the_o like_a in_o case_n the_o victory_n fall_v on_o his_o side_n but_o as_o to_o the_o other_o pretence_n which_o be_v usual_o plead_v namely_o a_o obstinate_a endeavour_n to_o defend_v their_o own_o party_n 1._o goth._n l._n 1._o it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v punishable_a as_o a_o crime_n as_o the_o neapolitan_n allege_v to_o belisarius_n in_o procopius_n that_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a roman_a discipline_n it_o be_v ever_o account_v a_o capital_a crime_n to_o do_v otherwise_o especial_o if_o we_o be_v engage_v therein_o either_o by_o some_o natural_a obligation_n or_o by_o a_o honest_a and_o deliberate_a choice_n for_o in_o these_o case_n they_o seldom_o admit_v of_o any_o excuse_n be_v the_o fear_n or_o danger_n never_o so_o great_a 24._o polyb._n l._n 1._o &_o 5._o liv._o lib._n 24._o praesidio_fw-la decedere_fw-la apud_fw-la romanos_fw-la capital_fw-it est_fw-la to_o desert_n a_o garrison_n say_v livy_n be_v ever_o account_v among_o the_o roman_n a_o capital_a crime_n every_o man_n therefore_o may_v make_v use_n of_o this_o rigour_n and_o severity_n so_o far_o as_o he_o see_v it_o may_v conduce_v to_o his_o own_o advantage_n and_o be_v therein_o justify_v before_o man_n by_o that_o common_a right_n and_o licence_n of_o nation_n whereof_o we_o here_o treat_v fourteen_o it_o extend_v also_o to_o hostage_n this_o right_a or_o licence_n do_v sometime_o extend_v itself_o to_o hostage_n and_o that_o not_o only_o to_o those_o who_o voluntary_o give_v themselves_o as_o pledge_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o article_n agree_v upon_o but_o unto_o those_o also_o who_o be_v deliver_v up_o by_o other_o thus_o we_o read_v of_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o hostage_n slay_v by_o the_o thessalian_n and_o of_o three_o hundred_o slay_v by_o the_o roman_n 4._o plut._n de_fw-fr claris_fw-la mulierib_n diony_n 16._o tac._n an._n 12._o 1_o mac._n 13.17_o hist_o 4._o where_o also_o by_o the_o way_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o sometime_o child_n be_v admit_v as_o hostage_n as_o by_o the_o example_n of_o simon_n the_o maccabite_n we_o may_v learn_v and_o sometime_o woman_n as_o by_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o time_n of_o porsenna_n and_o by_o the_o german_n in_o tacitus_n xv._o to_o kill_v by_o poison_n unlawful_a as_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n tolerate_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n in_o this_o sense_n that_o we_o now_o speak_v of_o which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v prohibit_v so_o be_v there_o many_o thing_n forbid_v by_o the_o former_a which_o by_o the_o latter_a be_v tolerate_v for_o if_o we_o respect_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n only_o if_o a_o man_n have_v deserve_v to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n it_o matter_n not_o much_o whether_o it_o be_v by_o the_o sword_n or_o by_o poison_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n i_o say_v though_o otherwise_o it_o be_v far_o more_o noble_a so_o to_o invade_v another_o man_n life_n as_o to_o give_v he_o a_o equal_a power_n to_o defend_v himself_o but_o this_o be_v not_o due_a unto_o every_o man_n that_o have_v deserve_v to_o die_v but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n if_o not_o of_o all_o yet_o of_o the_o great_a and_o better_a part_n of_o they_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o take_v away_o the_o life_n no_o not_o of_o a_o enemy_n by_o poison_n which_o custom_n be_v introduce_v for_o a_o general_a good_a lest_o danger_n which_o be_v too_o rife_a and_o frequent_a in_o war_n shall_v be_v beyond_o all_o measure_n multiply_v and_o very_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o this_o law_n be_v first_o enact_v by_o king_n and_o emperor_n who_o life_n as_o they_o be_v principal_o guard_v by_o arm_n so_o be_v they_o most_o easy_o endanger_v by_o poison_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o severity_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o sear_n of_o infamy_n 42._o lib._n 42._o this_o livy_n call_v a_o clandestine_v villainy_n speak_v of_o pyrrhus_n and_o claudian_n concern_v the_o design_n of_o pyrrhus_n physician_n who_o offer_v fabritius_n to_o poison_v he_o call_v it_o a_o detestable_a act_n 3._o offic._n l._n 3._o not_o fit_a to_o be_v speak_v so_o do_v cicero_n glance_v at_o the_o same_o story_n which_o offer_v of_o the_o physician_n the_o consul_n not_o only_o reject_v but_o discover_v unto_o pyrrhus_n not_o so_o much_o for_o his_o sake_n as_o to_o prevent_v the_o reproach_n and_o scandal_n that_o may_v ensue_v to_o themselves_o lest_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v of_o they_o that_o who_o they_o can_v not_o conquer_v by_o true_a valour_n they_o have_v by_o treachery_n destroy_v pyrrhi_n plut._n vit_fw-mi pyrrhi_n or_o as_o aulus_n gellius_n recite_v the_o epistle_n of_o the_o consul_n out_o of_o claudius_n quadrigarius_n communis_fw-la exempli_fw-la &_o fidei_fw-la ergo_fw-la visum_fw-la est_fw-la we_o think_v it_o
it_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o god_n that_o set_v up_o one_o and_o pull_v down_o another_o and_o that_o transfer_v crown_n and_o sceptre_n from_o one_o nation_n to_o another_o people_n and_o that_o rule_v the_o people_n by_o who_o he_o please_v now_o to_o such_o as_o judicial_o peruse_v the_o write_n of_o the_o prophet_n they_o will_v appear_v most_o evident_a for_o they_o do_v not_o only_o foretell_v the_o counsel_n of_o god_n but_o the_o very_a king_n and_o prince_n by_o who_o god_n intend_v to_o bring_v about_o his_o secret_a purpose_n be_v therein_o describe_v yea_o and_o sometime_o name_v long_o before_o they_o be_v bear_v as_o josias_n by_o name_n 1_o kin._n 13.2_o cyrus_n by_o name_n es_fw-ge 45.3_o which_o plain_o argue_v that_o god_n do_v not_o only_o foresee_v what_o will_v come_v to_o pass_v but_o preordains_a such_o and_o such_o person_n by_o who_o he_o intend_v to_o effect_v his_o purpose_n yea_o and_o fit_v they_o with_o habit_n and_o grace_n according_o he_o make_v use_v of_o that_o supereminent_a power_n that_o he_o have_v over_o the_o life_n of_o every_o of_o his_o creature_n whereby_o to_o punish_v those_o king_n by_o take_v away_o their_o subject_n it_o be_v the_o proper_a punishment_n of_o king_n to_o be_v thus_o weaken_v subject_n weaken_v the_o proper_a punishment_n of_o king_n be_v to_o be_v deprive_v of_o their_o subject_n ix_o mutual_a subjection_n refute_v other_o there_o be_v that_o seem_v to_o fancy_n to_o themselves_o mutual_a subjection_n as_o in_o case_n the_o king_n shall_v govern_v well_o than_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o people_n shall_v obey_v but_o in_o case_n he_o govern_v ill_a than_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v subject_a unto_o the_o people_n now_o if_o what_o they_o say_v do_v amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o our_o obedience_n to_o king_n bind_v we_o not_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v manifest_o wicked_a they_o say_v no_o more_o than_o what_o all_o sober_a man_n will_v grant_v yet_o do_v not_o this_o imply_v any_o compulsion_n or_o any_o right_n of_o empire_n that_o be_v in_o the_o people_n but_o in_o case_n they_o have_v a_o purpose_n to_o divide_v the_o government_n with_o the_o king_n whereof_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n hereafter_o to_o speak_v somewhat_o they_o ought_v to_o assign_v bound_n and_o limit_n to_o the_o power_n of_o either_o party_n which_o may_v easy_o be_v do_v by_o make_v distinction_n of_o either_o place_n person_n or_o affair_n but_o the_o well_o or_o ill_a management_n especial_o of_o civil_a affair_n be_v apt_a to_o admit_v of_o great_a debate_n be_v not_o so_o sit_v to_o distinguish_v the_o part_n for_o great_a confusion_n must_v necessary_o arise_v where_o the_o right_a of_o power_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v of_o by_o the_o pretension_n of_o good_a or_o evil_a act_n some_o judge_n of_o these_o act_n in_o favour_n to_o the_o king_n other_o in_o savour_n to_o the_o people_n which_o confusion_n no_o people_n that_o i_o as_o yet_o know_v be_v ever_o so_o imprudent_a as_o to_o introduce_v x._o caution_n in_o judge_v of_o the_o supreme_a power_n these_o error_n be_v thus_o refute_v it_o remain_v that_o we_o set_v down_o some_o caution_n which_o may_v guide_v we_o to_o give_v a_o right_a judgement_n to_o who_o in_o every_o nation_n the_o supreme_a power_n belong_v whereof_o the_o first_o be_v this_o that_o we_o suffer_v not_o ourselves_o to_o be_v deceive_v by_o such_o name_n as_o be_v ambiguous_a in_o sense_n nor_o with_o the_o show_n of_o outward_a thing_n as_o for_o example_n although_o among_o the_o latin_n a_o kingdom_n and_o a_o principality_n be_v usual_o opposite_n as_o when_o caesar_n say_v the_o father_n of_o vercingetorigis_fw-la have_v get_v the_o principality_n of_o gallia_n use_v kingdom_n and_o principality_n promiscuous_o use_v be_v slay_v for_o his_o affect_v the_o kingdom_n and_o when_o piso_n in_o tacitus_n say_v that_o germanicus_n be_v indeed_o the_o son_n of_o a_o prince_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o not_o of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o parthian_n and_o when_o suetonius_n say_v that_o caligula_n want_v but_o a_o little_a of_o change_v his_o principality_n into_o a_o kingdom_n yet_o we_o find_v these_o title_n of_o time_n promiscuous_o use_v for_o both_o the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n who_o derive_v themselves_o from_o hercules_n 1._o lib._n 1._o though_o afterward_o they_o be_v subject_v to_o the_o ephori_fw-la yet_o be_v still_o call_v king_n and_o some_o ancient_a king_n of_o germany_n there_o be_v as_o tacitus_n relate_v who_o reign_v magis_fw-la suadendi_fw-la quam_fw-la jubendi_fw-la potestate_fw-la more_o by_o persuasion_n than_o by_o power_n and_o as_o livy_n speak_v of_o king_n evander_n 15._o lib._n 15._o that_o he_o govern_v rather_o as_o a_o prudent_a magistrate_n than_o as_o a_o king_n thus_o solinus_n call_v hanno_n the_o king_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o he_o that_o write_v the_o life_n of_o hannibal_n say_v that_o as_o the_o roman_n choose_v every_o year_n two_o consul_n so_o the_o carthaginian_n choose_v two_o king_n mean_v their_o suffete_n or_o judge_n among_o these_o king_n improper_o so_o call_v we_o may_v likewise_o reckon_v their_o son_n who_o their_o father_n be_v please_v to_o honour_n with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n though_o they_o reserve_v unto_o themselves_o the_o regal_a power_n such_o be_v that_o darius_n who_o his_o father_n artaxerxes_n command_v to_o be_v kill_v be_v first_o condemn_v for_o plot_v his_o father_n death_n as_o plutarch_n relate_v the_o story_n so_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o roman_a emperor_n finâ—m_fw-la plut._n aâ—taxâ—_n ad_fw-la finâ—m_fw-la after_o they_o have_v open_o assume_v unto_o themselves_o regal_a power_n content_v themselves_o with_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o general_n or_o prince_n nay_o the_o ensign_n of_o regal_a power_n be_v in_o some_o free_a city_n usual_o give_v to_o prince_n but_o now_o the_o assembly_n of_o state_n that_o be_v of_o those_o that_o represent_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n digest_v as_o gunther_n speak_v into_o three_o order_n namely_o call_v parliament_n why_o call_v prelate_n noble_n and_o the_o principal_a burgess_n of_o city_n do_v in_o some_o place_n indeed_o serve_v to_o this_o end_n only_o to_o be_v the_o king_n great_a council_n whereby_o the_o grievance_n of_o the_o people_n which_o be_v ofttimes_o conceal_v by_o his_o privy_a council_n may_v come_v to_o the_o king_n knowledge_n who_o have_v also_o power_n to_o determine_v they_o as_o it_o shall_v seem_v good_a unto_o they_o according_a to_o custom_n but_o in_o other_o place_n they_o have_v power_n to_o call_v into_o question_n the_o action_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o also_o to_o prescribe_v law_n which_o shall_v be_v bind_v even_o to_o the_o prince_n himself_o there_o be_v many_o also_o that_o place_n the_o difference_n between_o the_o supreme_a and_o the_o lesser_a power_n in_o the_o translation_n of_o the_o empire_n by_o election_n or_o succession_n attribute_v the_o supreme_a power_n to_o this_o latter_a but_o not_o unto_o the_o former_a but_o this_o hold_v not_o universal_o true_a for_o succession_n assign_v not_o the_o form_n of_o government_n but_o the_o continuation_n of_o a_o form_n in_o the_o same_o family_n for_o the_o right_n which_o begin_v in_o the_o election_n of_o such_o a_o family_n be_v by_o succession_n continue_v among_o the_o lacedaemonian_n the_o kingdom_n even_o after_o the_o ephori_fw-la be_v constitute_v be_v hereditary_a and_o of_o such_o a_o kingdom_n or_o principality_n it_o be_v that_o aristotle_n speak_v where_o he_o say_v that_o some_o pass_n by_o the_o right_n of_o blood_n and_o some_o by_o election_n and_o such_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o ancient_a hero_n be_v most_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o greece_n i_o mean_v successive_a as_o both_o aristotle_n and_o thucydides_n observe_v so_o do_v dionysius_n halicarnassensis_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o roman_a empire_n even_o after_o all_o power_n be_v take_v as_o well_o from_o the_o senate_n as_o people_n be_v always_o transfer_v by_o election_n xi_o the_o second_o caution_n a_o second_o caution_n shall_v be_v this_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o inquire_v concern_v the_o thing_n and_o another_o to_o inquire_v concern_v the_o manner_n of_o hold_v it_o which_o hold_v good_a not_o in_o thing_n corporeal_a only_o but_o in_o thing_n incorporeal_a for_o as_o a_o field_n be_v a_o thing_n so_o also_o be_v a_o passage_n it_o the_o thing_n itself_o distinguish_v from_o the_o manner_n of_o hold_v it_o a_o act_n or_o way_n but_o these_o some_o may_v have_v by_o a_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n other_o by_o a_o right_a usufructuary_n as_o a_o farmer_n have_v a_o right_a to_o his_o farm_n and_o some_o other_o by_o a_o temporary_a right_n as_o the_o roman_a dictator_n the_o sovereignty_n but_o by_o a_o temporary_a right_n so_o king_n as_o well_o those_o that_o be_v first_o elect_v as_o
and_o call_v her_o holy_a mystery_n thefmophoria_n they_o doubtless_o insinuate_v that_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o cornfield_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o creation_n of_o a_o new_a right_n for_o as_o a_o house_n or_o field_n unoccupied_a be_v common_a but_o if_o possess_v the_o possessor_n so_o the_o earth_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a parcel_n that_o each_o man_n may_v till_o and_o hold_v his_o own_o iii_o that_o some_o thing_n will_v not_o admit_v of_o propriety_n as_o the_o sea_n take_v universal_o now_o these_o thing_n be_v admit_v we_o say_v that_o the_o sea_n consider_v either_o universal_o or_o as_o to_o its_o principal_a part_n can_v be_v hold_v in_o propriety_n by_o any_o this_o because_o grant_v by_o some_o as_o to_o private_a person_n only_o but_o not_o unto_o people_n or_o nation_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v first_o by_o moral_a reason_n for_o the_o cause_n that_o move_v man_n to_o decline_v their_o tenure_n of_o land_n in_o common_a do_v not_o at_o all_o hold_n in_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v so_o vast_a and_o boundless_a and_o ship_n and_o man_n thereon_o employ_v so_o few_o must_v needs_o be_v abundant_o sufficient_a to_o all_o nation_n and_o for_o all_o use_n whether_o for_o water_n fish_v or_o navigation_n the_o very_a same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o air_n if_o any_o such_o use_n can_v be_v make_v thereof_o whereunto_o the_o use_n of_o the_o earth_n under_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a as_o in_o the_o sport_n of_o hawk_v and_o in_o the_o right_n of_o habitation_n both_o which_o do_v receive_v law_n from_o he_o who_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o soil_n for_o as_o pomponius_n observe_v tam_fw-la soli_fw-la quam_fw-la coeli_fw-la mensura_fw-la facienda_fw-la est_fw-la and_o again_o cajus_n cujus_fw-la est_fw-la solum_fw-la ejus_fw-la est_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la coelum_fw-la who_o be_v the_o soil_n his_o be_v all_o that_o be_v above_o it_o even_o unto_o heaven_n the_o very_a same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o shelf_n and_o quicksand_n where_o nothing_o can_v be_v make_v to_o grow_v and_o whereof_o there_o can_v be_v make_v no_o other_o use_n but_o to_o ballast_n ship_n bound_v the_o ocean_n not_o bound_v and_o whereof_o there_o be_v such_o store_n that_o it_o can_v possible_o be_v exhaust_v there_o be_v also_o a_o natural_a reason_n why_o the_o sea_n so_o take_v can_v be_v hold_v in_o propriety_n because_o occupatio_fw-la non_fw-la procedit_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o re_fw-la terminata_fw-la nothing_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v possess_v that_o be_v not_o bound_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o thucydides_n call_v land_n unoccupied_a land_n unbounded_a and_o isocrates_n paneg._n paneg._n of_o some_o land_n occupy_v by_o the_o athenian_n say_v that_o that_o land_n be_v by_o we_o bound_v and_o limit_v 2._o de_fw-fr gener_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 2._o now_o aristotle_n tell_v we_o that_o liquid_a thing_n can_v be_v contain_v within_o their_o own_o bound_n and_o if_o so_o than_o they_o can_v be_v possess_v unless_o they_o be_v contain_v in_o somewhat_o that_o be_v solid_a and_o comprehensive_a of_o they_o as_o pond_n lake_n and_o river_n be_v they_o proper_o who_o be_v the_o land_n be_v wherewith_o they_o be_v embank_v now_o the_o sea_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o earth_n be_v equal_a to_o it_o nay_o great_a than_o the_o earth_n earth_n great_a than_o the_o earth_n as_o jarcha_v in_o philostratus_n think_v of_o the_o ocean_n and_o therefore_o the_o ancient_n hold_v that_o the_o sea_n do_v contain_v the_o earth_n 11._o lib._n 3._o c._n 11._o what_o say_v gellius_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v about_o the_o ocean_n when_o the_o ocean_n do_v every_o where_n circumscribe_v and_o encompass_v the_o earth_n and_o a_o little_a after_o since_o that_o every_o where_o and_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o way_n it_o flow_v about_o the_o earth_n nothing_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v about_o it_o but_o all_o region_n be_v entrench_v and_o environ_v with_o its_o wave_n whatsoever_o be_v enclose_v within_o the_o brink_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o so_o likewise_o speak_v livy_n of_o the_o ocean_n qâ—i_fw-la orbem_fw-la terraram_fw-la amplexu_fw-la finit_a which_o encircle_n with_o its_o wave_n the_o terrestrial_a globe_n seneca_n call_v the_o ocean_n vinculum_fw-la totius_fw-la orbis_fw-la custodiaque_fw-la terrarum_fw-la the_o bond_n or_o ligament_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o safeguard_n of_o the_o nation_n neither_o be_v a_o division_n of_o that_o vast_a body_n of_o water_n to_o be_v imagine_v for_o when_o at_o the_o first_o land_n be_v divide_v the_o sea_n at_o least_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o be_v unknown_a and_o therefore_o no_o mean_n can_v possible_o be_v invent_v whereby_o the_o nation_n so_o far_o distant_a shall_v agree_v about_o the_o division_n of_o that_o which_o they_o know_v not_o wherefore_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o what_o then_o be_v the_o common_a right_n of_o all_o and_o in_o the_o first_o division_n be_v leave_v undivided_a be_v not_o now_o the_o proper_a right_n of_o any_o either_o people_n or_o person_n by_o division_n but_o by_o occupancy_n neither_o can_v be_v divide_v until_o they_o have_v first_o be_v occupy_v iu_o place_n not_o inhabit_v be_v his_o that_o first_o possess_v they_o let_v we_o now_o descend_v unto_o such_o thing_n wherein_o we_o may_v have_v a_o right_n of_o propriety_n though_o as_o yet_o we_o have_v none_o such_o be_v many_o place_n which_o be_v as_o yet_o desert_a and_o unoccupied_a island_n in_o the_o sea_n wild_a beast_n fish_n and_o bird_n concern_v which_o two_o thing_n be_v observable_a first_o concern_v place_n unpeople_v there_o be_v a_o twofold_n right_o of_o the_o occupancy_n of_o land_n the_o one_o universal_a or_o of_o the_o whole_a the_o other_o partial_a as_o that_o of_o manor_n and_o farm_n the_o former_a be_v usual_o gain_v at_o the_o charge_n and_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o of_o he_o who_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o people_n the_o other_o by_o private_a lord_n or_o farmer_n which_o be_v do_v rather_o by_o assignation_n from_o the_o former_a than_o by_o any_o free_a and_o unlimited_a occupancy_n but_o in_o case_n there_o be_v any_o part_n or_o parcel_n of_o that_o country_n or_o island_n so_o universal_o occupy_v that_o be_v not_o yet_o assign_v to_o particular_a person_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o to_o be_v repute_v as_o waste_v but_o it_o be_v still_o suppose_a to_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o first_o occupant_n be_v they_o king_n or_o people_n such_o be_v usual_o river_n lake_n pond_n wood_n steep_a mountain_n and_o the_o like_a v._o bird_n beast_n and_o fish_n the_o first_o occupier_n unless_o restrain_v by_o law_n second_o as_o to_o wild_a beast_n fish_n and_o bird_n this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o he_o that_o have_v the_o dominion_n over_o the_o land_n and_o water_n may_v by_o his_o law_n interdict_v other_o from_o take_v they_o or_o be_v take_v from_o carry_v they_o away_o and_o by_o this_o law_n shall_v stranger_n also_o be_v oblige_v the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v that_o to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v moral_o necessary_a that_o whosoever_o shall_v sojourn_v among_o the_o people_n though_o but_o for_o a_o while_n yet_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o shall_v enter_v into_o their_o dominion_n he_o shall_v render_v himself_o conformable_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o that_o people_n neither_o do_v it_o avail_v to_o the_o contrary_a to_o say_v that_o in_o the_o roman_a law_n we_o often_o read_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n it_o be_v free_a for_o any_o man_n to_o hunt_v such_o kind_n of_o creature_n for_o this_o may_v be_v while_o there_o be_v no_o civil_a law_n to_o prohibit_v it_o as_o indeed_o there_o be_v many_o other_o thing_n that_o be_v leave_v free_a and_o arbitrary_a by_o the_o roman_a law_n in_o the_o infancy_n of_o their_o commonwealth_n which_o the_o law_n of_o other_o nation_n do_v severe_o restrain_v free_n though_o the_o civil_a law_n can_v enjoin_v nothing_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n forbid_v yet_o it_o may_v bind_v that_o which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n leave_v free_n but_o when_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v otherwise_o decree_v it_o than_o the_o very_a law_n of_o nature_n do_v require_v that_o we_o shall_v observe_v it_o for_o although_o the_o civil_a law_n can_v enjoin_v nothing_o that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n forbid_v nor_o forbid_v any_o thing_n that_o it_o command_v yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o may_v limit_v and_o circumscribe_v that_o which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n leave_v free_a and_o forbid_v that_o which_o natural_o may_v be_v lawful_a and_o so_o the_o civil_a law_n may_v by_o interpose_v her_o authority_n prevent_v that_o dominion_n which_o natural_o may_v be_v acquire_v vi_o in_o time_n of_o necessity_n what_o
body_n x._o of_o promise_n some_o be_v favourable_a some_o grievous_a and_o some_o mix_v it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v promise_v in_o any_o league_n some_o be_v friendly_a and_o favourable_a as_o those_o that_o be_v on_o both_o part_n equal_a and_o to_o both_o profitable_a which_o the_o far_a it_o extend_v the_o great_a be_v the_o favour_n in_o the_o promise_n as_o in_o those_o that_o belong_v to_o peace_n the_o favour_n be_v great_a than_o in_o those_o that_o belong_v to_o war_n and_o in_o war_n those_o that_o respect_n defence_n be_v more_o favourable_o to_o be_v interpret_v than_o those_o that_o be_v make_v for_o other_o cause_n some_o also_o be_v odious_a as_o those_o that_o be_v impose_v on_o one_o party_n only_o or_o which_o be_v more_o burdensome_a to_o one_o party_n than_o to_o the_o other_o and_o those_o that_o be_v impose_v by_o way_n of_o punishment_n or_o which_o make_v some_o act_n void_a or_o alter_v what_o have_v be_v agree_v on_o former_o but_o in_o case_n any_o be_v mix_v as_o those_o which_o do_v alter_v somewhat_o former_o agree_v for_o the_o settle_n of_o peace_n that_o according_a to_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o good_a or_o of_o the_o alteration_n shall_v be_v judge_v either_o favourable_a or_o odious_a yet_o so_o as_o if_o other_o thing_n be_v equal_a those_o make_v in_o favour_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o other_o xi_o as_o to_o the_o act_n of_o king_n or_o people_n the_o distinction_n between_o contract_n due_a in_o equity_n and_o strict_a law_n reject_v the_o difference_n of_o act_n due_a in_o equity_n and_o those_o due_n in_o strictness_n of_o law_n if_o we_o mean_v only_o the_o roman_a law_n appertain_v not_o to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n yet_o may_v it_o in_o some_o sense_n be_v better_o apply_v as_o namely_o if_o in_o any_o region_n there_o be_v some_o act_n which_o have_v one_o certain_a common_a form_n that_o form_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o be_v not_o change_v may_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v in_o the_o very_a act_n but_o in_o other_o act_n by_o themselves_o indefinite_a such_o as_o be_v a_o free_a donative_n or_o a_o free_a promise_n we_o shall_v more_o adhere_v to_o the_o very_a word_n xii_o by_o these_o rule_v we_o may_v frame_v interpretation_n of_o word_n and_o promise_n these_o distinction_n be_v thus_o observe_v we_o be_v to_o guide_v our_o conjecture_n by_o these_o rule_n in_o thing_n not_o odious_a the_o word_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o their_o full_a propriety_n as_o they_o be_v vulgar_o take_v and_o in_o case_n there_o be_v any_o ambiguity_n in_o they_o then_o be_v they_o to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o large_a sense_n as_o when_o the_o masculine_a only_o be_v express_v both_o sex_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v and_o where_o thing_n be_v mention_v indifferent_o they_o shall_v be_v understand_v universal_o so_o these_o word_n unde_fw-la quis_fw-la dejectus_fw-la est_fw-la from_o whence_o one_o be_v thrust_v out_o 11._o see_v book_n 3._o c._n 20._o §._o 11._o shall_v be_v understand_v so_o as_o to_o imply_v the_o restore_v he_o to_o the_o possession_n of_o that_o which_o have_v be_v forcible_o detain_v from_o he_o for_o the_o word_n in_o their_o large_a signification_n will_v admit_v of_o this_o construction_n as_o cicero_n plead_v in_o his_o oration_n against_o caecina_n but_o in_o such_o as_o be_v yet_o more_o favourable_a if_o he_o that_o promise_v any_o thing_n be_v verse_v in_o the_o law_n or_o use_v the_o advice_n of_o lawyer_n the_o word_n shall_v then_o be_v yet_o more_o large_o understand_v so_o as_o to_o include_v the_o signification_n of_o art_n or_o that_o sense_n which_o the_o law_n have_v give_v it_o but_o to_o have_v recourse_n to_o such_o interpretation_n as_o be_v plain_o improper_a we_o ought_v not_o unless_o it_o be_v where_o some_o absurdity_n will_v otherwise_o ensue_v or_o when_o somewhat_o will_v render_v the_o agreement_n unprofitable_a on_o the_o contrary_a if_o necessity_n shall_v so_o require_v to_o avoid_v either_o some_o manifest_a injustice_n or_o some_o as_o evident_a absurdity_n we_o may_v not_o interpret_v the_o word_n more_o strict_o than_o their_o propriety_n will_v bear_v and_o though_o there_o be_v no_o such_o necessity_n yet_o if_o there_o appear_v either_o manifest_a equity_n or_o very_o great_a utility_n in_o the_o restriction_n we_o be_v to_o confine_v ourselves_o within_o the_o strict_a bound_n of_o propriety_n unless_o other_o circumstance_n forbid_v it_o but_o in_o such_o as_o be_v odious_a that_o the_o burden_n may_v be_v moderate_v even_o figurative_a speech_n be_v sometime_o admit_v and_o therefore_o in_o voluntary_a grant_n and_o in_o the_o remission_n of_o that_o which_o be_v a_o man_n right_a though_o the_o word_n be_v general_a yet_o be_v they_o to_o be_v restrain_v unto_o those_o thing_n to_o which_o in_o probability_n they_o be_v intend_v and_o among_o thing_n of_o this_o kind_n that_o be_v sometime_o understand_v to_o be_v possess_v which_o we_o have_v hope_n may_v be_v recover_v so_o succour_v promise_v by_o one_o party_n only_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v raise_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o that_o party_n that_o require_v they_o xiii_o under_o the_o name_n of_o associate_n whether_o those_o at_o present_a only_o be_v comprehend_v but_o here_o a_o notable_a question_n be_v sometime_o start_v whether_o by_o friend_n mention_v in_o a_o league_n we_o be_v to_o understand_v those_o only_o who_o be_v so_o at_o the_o league_n make_v or_o those_o also_o which_o shall_v afterward_o be_v admit_v in_o that_o league_n make_v between_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n after_o the_o sicilian_n war_n it_o be_v covenant_v thus_o vtriusque_fw-la populi_fw-la socii_fw-la ab_fw-la utroque_fw-la populo_fw-la tuti_fw-la sunto_fw-la that_o the_o friend_n of_o either_o party_n shall_v not_o be_v molest_v by_o either_o party_n hence_o the_o roman_n will_v infer_v that_o though_o the_o league_n make_v with_o asdrubal_n of_o not_o pass_v the_o river_n iberas_n do_v nothing_o avail_v they_o because_o the_o carthaginian_n refuse_v to_o sign_v it_o yet_o in_o case_n the_o carthaginian_n shall_v own_v that_o fact_n of_o hannibal_n in_o besiege_v the_o saguntines_n who_o have_v be_v admit_v into_o league_n with_o the_o roman_n though_o after_o the_o say_a league_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n they_o may_v just_o denounce_v war_n against_o they_o as_o have_v first_o break_v the_o league_n livy_n think_v the_o saguntines_n well_o enough_o provide_v for_o discuss_v lib._n 21._o the_o case_n of_o the_o saguntines_n discuss_v in_o that_o the_o ally_n on_o either_o side_n be_v except_v for_o neither_o be_v this_o clause_n add_v they_o that_o be_v at_o that_o time_n friend_n nor_o be_v they_o exclude_v that_o shall_v afterward_o be_v admit_v which_o be_v add_v in_o the_o peloponnesian_a league_n between_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o the_o athenian_n and_o see_v that_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o they_o to_o admit_v of_o new_a 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that_o they_o who_o be_v to_o be_v admit_v be_v not_o comprehend_v for_o the_o matter_n in_o treaty_n now_o be_v of_o the_o break_n of_o a_o league_n which_o be_v res_fw-la odiosa_fw-la a_o thing_n in_o itself_o odious_a sense_n the_o breach_n of_o a_o league_n be_v a_o thing_n odious_a and_o the_o take_n of_o a_o just_a revenge_n natural_a the_o carthaginian_a league_n with_o the_o roman_n must_v be_v understand_v in_o the_o strict_a sense_n and_o second_o it_o concern_v the_o abridge_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n of_o their_o liberty_n in_o take_v a_o just_a revenge_n upon_o those_o who_o have_v injure_v they_o which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v their_o due_n and_o so_o not_o rash_o to_o be_v understand_v as_o give_v away_o what_o then_o shall_v we_o hence_o conclude_v that_o the_o roman_n may_v not_o admit_v of_o the_o saguntine_n as_o their_o friend_n or_o be_v so_o admit_v
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happen_v to_o the_o
that_o forbid_v it_o yet_o can_v he_o never_o attain_v unto_o that_o perfection_n of_o holiness_n that_o the_o gospel_n seem_v to_o commend_v unto_o we_o so_o for_o a_o believe_a husband_n to_o put_v away_o his_o unbelieve_a wife_n be_v lawful_a as_o st._n augustine_n affirm_v which_o with_o what_o circumstance_n be_v to_o be_v verify_v it_o be_v not_o to_o our_o purpose_n in_o this_o place_n to_o discuss_v but_o yet_o he_o may_v and_o that_o haply_o more_o laudable_o retain_v she_o wherefore_o he_o add_v both_o be_v equal_o lawful_a according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o divine_a justice_n for_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v prohibit_v by_o god_n but_o yet_o both_o be_v not_o equal_o expedient_a ulpian_n concern_v he_o that_o have_v sell_v his_o wine_n and_o covenant_v with_o the_o buyer_n that_o if_o he_o fetch_v it_o not_o by_o such_o a_o day_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o he_o to_o pour_v it_o out_o say_v that_o although_o he_o may_v do_v it_o yet_o if_o he_o do_v it_o not_o he_o be_v the_o more_o to_o be_v commend_v second_o this_o word_n lawful_a may_v be_v take_v for_o that_o which_o be_v not_o punishable_a by_o humane_a law_n although_o it_o consist_v not_o with_o piety_n or_o the_o rule_n of_o morality_n thus_o in_o many_o country_n fornication_n be_v lawful_a that_o be_v not_o punishable_a among_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o egyptian_n theft_n be_v lawful_a and_o in_o quintilian_n we_o read_v that_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n which_o though_o not_o in_o their_o own_o nature_n commendable_a yet_o that_o be_v by_o the_o law_n tolerate_v as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n the_o body_n of_o the_o debtor_n may_v the_o divide_a among_o the_o creditor_n all_o which_o though_o in_o themselves_o unfit_a and_o unseemly_a yet_o be_v by_o some_o lawgiver_n permit_v to_o avoid_v great_a inconvenience_n licentia_fw-la plerumque_fw-la est_fw-la tentatio_fw-la disciplinae_fw-la licence_n say_v tertullian_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n but_o the_o 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be_v only_o permit_v injuria_fw-la summum_fw-la jus_o summa_fw-la injuria_fw-la whence_o columella_n conclude_v that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o prosecute_v our_o revenge_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o what_o we_o may_v for_o extreme_a severity_n be_v too_o near_o a_o neighbour_n to_o extreme_a cruelty_n yet_o notwithstanding_o though_o this_o acception_n of_o the_o word_n lawful_a be_v not_o so_o proper_a yet_o be_v it_o among_o the_o roman_n very_o frequent_a as_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o same_o cicero_n who_o thus_o bespeak_v the_o judge_n posthumo_fw-la orat._n pro_fw-la rabirio_n posthumo_fw-la quid_fw-la deceat_fw-la vos_fw-la non_fw-la quantum_fw-la liceat_fw-la vobis_fw-la spectare_fw-la debetis_fw-la you_o that_o be_v judge_n ought_v to_o consider_v not_o so_o much_o what_o in_o strictness_n of_o law_n you_o may_v do_v but_o what_o in_o every_o case_n be_v most_o fit_a and_o convenient_a to_o be_v do_v for_o if_o you_o regard_v your_o own_o power_n only_o you_o may_v put_v to_o 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opposition_n one_o to_o the_o other_o 30._o lib._n 30._o as_o in_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n sunt_fw-la aliqua_fw-la quae_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la oportet_fw-la etiam_fw-la si_fw-la licet_fw-la some_o thing_n there_o be_v which_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v do_v though_o lawful_o we_o may_v do_v they_o so_o in_o pliny_n epistle_n thing_n that_o be_v dishonest_a we_o must_v avoid_v not_o as_o they_o be_v unlawful_a but_o as_o they_o be_v shameful_a and_o as_o cicero_n himself_o affirm_v the_o same_o est_fw-la enim_fw-la aliquid_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la oporteat_fw-la etiamsi_fw-la licet_fw-la balbo_n orat._n pro_fw-la balbo_n something_o be_v be_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v do_v though_o lawful_a and_o in_o his_o oration_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o milo_n he_o distinguish_v between_o fas_fw-la and_o licet_fw-la attribute_v to_o the_o former_a that_o which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o to_o the_o latter_a that_o which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o particular_a country_n so_o quintilian_n the_o father_n in_o one_o of_o his_o declamation_n tell_v we_o 251._o orat._n 251._o that_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o look_v strict_o to_o what_o be_v a_o man_n right_a i._n e._n to_o what_o a_o man_n may_v do_v and_o another_o thing_n to_o respect_n that_o which_o be_v just_a aliud_fw-la est_fw-la spectare_fw-la jura_fw-la aliud_fw-la justitiam_fw-la iii_o in_o war_n the_o effect_n be_v lawful_a general_o that_o be_v not_o punishable_a in_o this_o sense_n therefore_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o one_o enemy_n to_o hurt_v another_o both_o in_o his_o person_n or_o in_o his_o estate_n it_o be_v lawful_a i_o say_v not_o only_o for_o he_o that_o make_v war_n upon_o a_o just_a ground_n and_o that_o in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o that_o war_n contain_v himself_o within_o those_o bound_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v prescribe_v he_o as_o we_o have_v already_o say_v but_o for_o both_o party_n and_o that_o without_o distinction_n so_o that_o he_o that_o do_v thus_o injure_v his_o enemy_n though_o he_o be_v apprehend_v in_o another_o prince_n dominion_n yet_o can_v he_o not_o be_v proceed_v against_o as_o a_o homicide_n or_o as_o a_o thief_n neither_o can_v any_o other_o prince_n for_o this_o only_a cause_n make_v war_n upon_o he_o and_o in_o this_o sense_n be_v that_o of_o sallust_n true_a by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n all_o thing_n be_v lawful_a to_o the_o conqueror_n iu._n why_o such_o effect_n be_v introduce_v now_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o so_o great_a a_o licence_n grant_v by_o all_o nation_n be_v this_o because_o when_o two_o nation_n be_v at_o war_n for_o any_o other_o nation_n to_o judge_v where_o the_o right_o be_v have_v be_v dangerous_a for_o by_o that_o mean_n that_o nation_n may_v quick_o be_v entangle_v in_o the_o other_o war_n as_o the_o marseillian_o plead_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n and_o therefore_o they_o confess_v that_o they_o have_v neither_o wisdom_n nor_o power_n sufficient_a to_o determine_v whether_o of_o they_o have_v the_o just_a cause_n beside_o even_o where_o the_o war_n be_v manifest_o just_a it_o be_v a_o very_a nice_a thing_n by_o any_o outward_a token_n to_o judge_v which_o be_v the_o just_a rule_n or_o measure_n either_o of_o defend_v ourselves_o of_o recover_v our_o own_o right_n or_o of_o exact_v punishment_n so_o that_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o it_o be_v much_o better_a to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o honesty_n and_o conscience_n of_o the_o prince_n engage_v to_o determine_v of_o these_o thing_n among_o themselves_o than_o to_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o other_o thus_o do_v the_o achaian_n demand_n of_o the_o roman_a senate_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o what_o have_v former_o be_v act_v by_o the_o right_n of_o war_n shall_v now_o fall_v into_o debate_n now_o beside_o this_o of_o licence_n and_o impunity_n there_o be_v another_o effect_n of_o a_o just_a and_o solemn_a war_n namely_o
cum_fw-la pauca_fw-la aliis_fw-la sibi_fw-la multa_fw-la tenebat_fw-la from_o which_o city_n achilles_n bring_v to_o agamemnon_n all_o the_o rich_a plunder_v which_o he_o divide_v distribute_v some_o few_o thing_n for_o other_o but_o reserve_v the_o great_a part_n to_o himself_o for_o here_o we_o look_v at_o agamemnon_n partly_o as_o he_o be_v at_o that_o time_n prince_n of_o all_o greece_n and_o so_o represent_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n by_o which_o right_a he_o divide_v the_o spoil_n but_o with_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o his_o council_n and_o partly_o as_o a_o general_n and_o so_o out_o of_o that_o which_o be_v public_a he_o claim_v a_o great_a share_n than_o other_o to_o himself_o and_o therefore_o achilles_n thus_o bespeak_v agamemnon_n nam_fw-la neque_fw-la i_o tecum_fw-la praedae_fw-la pars_fw-la aequa_fw-la sequetur_fw-la si_fw-la danaûm_fw-la virtus_fw-la trojanum_fw-la everterit_fw-la urbem_fw-la my_o part_n of_o the_o prey_n with_o thou_o must_v not_o compare_v though_o by_o our_o valour_n troy_n subvert_v be_v and_o so_o in_o another_o place_n agamemnon_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n offer_v unto_o achilles_n a_o ship_n lade_v with_o brass_n and_o gold_n with_o twenty_o woman_n which_o he_o may_v take_v first_o out_o of_o the_o spoil_n troy_n be_v take_v virgil_n speak_v of_o king_n priamus_n palace_n say_v custodes_fw-la lecti_fw-la phoenix_n &_o dirus_fw-la ulysses_n praedam_fw-la asservabant_fw-la huc_fw-la undique_fw-la troïa_n gaza_fw-la incensis_fw-la erepta_fw-la adytis_fw-la mensaeque_fw-la deorum_fw-la craterésque_fw-la auro_fw-la solidi_fw-la captiuáque_fw-la vestis_fw-la congeritur_fw-la 2._o aen._n l._n 2._o there_o phoenix_n and_o ulysses_n guard_v the_o spoil_n and_o from_o all_o part_n troy_n precious_a thing_n do_v pile_n snatch_v from_o burn_a temple_n and_o from_o altar_n rare_a goblet_n of_o gold_n and_o sacred_a vestment_n be_v thus_o we_o read_v lysand_n plut._n aristid_n herod_n l._n 9_o plut._n lysand_n that_o in_o after_o age_n aristides_n preserve_v the_o spoil_n at_o marathon_n entire_a and_o after_o the_o battle_n at_o plataeae_n it_o be_v severe_o forbid_v that_o any_o man_n shall_v presume_v to_o take_v to_o himself_o any_o part_n of_o the_o spoil_n afterward_o the_o spoil_n be_v preserve_v and_o distribute_v among_o the_o people_n according_a to_o each_o man_n desert_n after_o this_o when_o athens_n be_v conquer_v lysander_n cause_v the_o spoil_n of_o the_o city_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o open_a market_n and_o the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v public_a officer_n who_o be_v appoint_v to_o make_v portsale_n of_o all_o their_o prize_n take_v in_o the_o war._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o we_o look_v into_o asia_n virgil_n will_v inform_v we_o that_o the_o trojan_n be_v wont_a to_o divide_v the_o spoil_n by_o lot_n as_o be_v usual_a where_o thing_n hold_v in_o common_a be_v to_o be_v divide_v among_o many_o 10._o homer_n iliad_n 10._o in_o other_o place_n the_o spoil_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o general_n by_o which_o right_a hector_n at_o the_o special_a instance_n of_o dodonis_n promise_v to_o give_v he_o achilles_n horse_n whereby_o we_o may_v understand_v that_o this_o right_n of_o gain_v propriety_n be_v not_o always_o in_o the_o bare_a take_n of_o the_o thing_n 3._o pliny_n lib._n 23._o c._n 3._o so_o the_o spoil_n take_v in_o asia_n be_v bring_v to_o cyrus_n the_o conqueror_n and_o not_o distribute_v but_o by_o his_o order_n who_o whole_a care_n be_v to_o choose_v out_o such_o thing_n to_o offer_v unto_o the_o god_n as_o the_o magi_n think_v most_o acceptable_a to_o they_o if_o we_o look_v into_o africa_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o same_o custom_n there_o 23._o plut._n alex._n curt._n diod._n l._n 17._o strab._n 15._o greg._n turon_n l._n 2._o c._n 27._o aen._n l._n 3._o servius_n liv._o l._n 23._o so_o whatsoever_o be_v take_v at_o agrigentum_n or_o in_o the_o fight_n at_o cannae_n or_o in_o other_o place_n be_v send_v unto_o carthage_n among_o the_o ancient_a franc_n whatsoever_o be_v take_v in_o war_n be_v divide_v by_o lot_n neither_o have_v the_o king_n himself_o any_o other_o share_n than_o what_o fall_v to_o he_o captivi_fw-la &_o praedae_fw-la inter_fw-la victores_fw-la sort_n dividebantur_fw-la the_o conqueror_n divide_v by_o lot_n both_o the_o captive_n and_o the_o spoil_n say_v servius_n upon_o virgil._n but_o look_v how_o much_o more_o excellent_a the_o roman_n be_v than_o other_o nation_n in_o military_a discipline_n so_o much_o the_o more_o worthy_a they_o be_v of_o our_o imitation_n dionysius_n halicarnassensis_n a_o most_o exact_a observer_n of_o their_o manner_n and_o custom_n thus_o instruct_v we_o in_o this_o case_n whatsoever_o be_v take_v from_o the_o enemy_n by_o valour_n in_o war_n be_v decree_v by_o the_o law_n to_o be_v public_a so_o that_o not_o only_o the_o private_a soldier_n be_v forbid_v to_o claim_v any_o propriety_n in_o it_o but_o even_o the_o general_n himself_o can_v claim_v no_o interest_n therein_o but_o the_o quaestor_n receive_v it_o and_o in_o a_o open_a market_n expose_v it_o to_o sale_n these_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o those_o that_o undertake_v to_o accuse_v coriolanus_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n which_o word_n though_o true_a yet_o smell_v too_o rank_o of_o envy_n and_o distraction_n xv._o yet_o be_v some_o power_n herein_o always_o grant_v to_o the_o general_n for_o that_o the_o people_n be_v the_o right_a owner_n of_o the_o spoil_n be_v most_o true_a as_o simler_n testify_v in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o swisser_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v as_o true_a that_o the_o power_n of_o dispose_v thereof_o be_v allow_v in_o every_o free_a state_n to_o the_o general_n yet_o so_o that_o he_o be_v to_o render_v a_o account_n thereof_o unto_o the_o people_n polybius_n concern_v l._n aemilius_n paulus_n testify_v thus_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o have_v it_o thereby_o in_o his_o own_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o all_o thing_n at_o his_o pleasure_n he_o yet_o covet_v nothing_o 37._o liv._o l._n 37._o so_o do_v livy_n concern_v the_o same_o aemilius_n it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o general_n to_o destroy_v those_o city_n that_o be_v take_v by_o the_o sword_n but_o not_o those_o that_o be_v surrender_v yet_o even_o in_o these_o also_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o spoil_n be_v in_o his_o power_n and_o not_o in_o the_o soldier_n but_o notwithstanding_o this_o power_n that_o custom_n have_v give_v to_o general_n some_o of_o they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o may_v free_v themselves_o from_o all_o manner_n of_o suspicion_n have_v wise_o transfer_v it_o back_o to_o the_o senate_n 5._o liv._o l._n 5._o as_o camillus_n do_v and_o they_o that_o have_v claim_v it_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v dispose_v of_o the_o spoil_n to_o several_a use_n according_a to_o their_o several_a design_n to_o the_o promote_a of_o either_o religion_n honour_n or_o ambition_n xvi_o who_o have_v either_o bring_v into_o the_o public_a treasury_n but_o those_o among_o they_o who_o desire_v to_o be_v or_o to_o appear_v most_o holy_a will_v not_o at_o all_o enrich_v themselves_o with_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v in_o money_n the_o quaestor_n of_o the_o people_n be_v command_v to_o receive_v it_o or_o in_o other_o good_n he_o be_v command_v to_o make_v portsale_n of_o they_o and_o the_o money_n for_o which_o they_o be_v sell_v go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o manubiae_fw-la 23._o lib._n 13._o c._n 23._o as_o favorinus_n in_o gellius_n note_n and_o be_v by_o the_o quaestor_n bring_v into_o the_o treasury_n but_o in_o case_n there_o be_v matter_n for_o a_o triumph_n than_o it_o be_v first_o ostentous_o show_v to_o the_o people_n manius_n curius_n call_v the_o god_n to_o witness_v that_o he_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o touch_v any_o of_o the_o spoil_n but_o only_o one_o poor_a beechen_a cup_n wherewith_o to_o sacrifice_v to_o the_o go_n but_o that_o of_o aemilius_n paulus_n aemil._n vit._n aemil._n which_o plutarch_n record_v be_v admirable_a and_o for_o which_o all_o man_n do_v extol_v he_o for_o his_o magnanimity_n namely_o that_o when_o he_o have_v collect_v from_o the_o enemy_n a_o infinite_a mass_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n nec_fw-la inspicere_fw-la voluisset_fw-la he_o will_v not_o be_v tempt_v with_o the_o sight_n of_o it_o but_o deliver_v it_o to_o the_o quaestor_n for_o the_o public_a use_n 2._o lib._n 2._o the_o like_a do_v pompey_n of_o who_o vellejus_n write_v thus_o the_o money_n that_o he_o take_v from_o tigranes_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o quaestor_n as_o his_o custom_n be_v ep._n lib._n 2._o ep._n and_o to_o be_v public_o register_v so_o also_o marcus_n tullius_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o sallust_n give_v this_o testimony_n of_o his_o own_o integrity_n de_fw-fr praeda_fw-la mea_fw-la praeter_fw-la quaestores_fw-la vrbanos_n teruntium_n nec_fw-la attigit_fw-la nec_fw-la tacturus_fw-la