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A09819 The substance of Christian religion soundly set forth in two bookes, by definitions and partitions, framed according to the rules of a naturall method, by Amandus Polanus professor of diuinitie. The first booke concerneth faith. The second concerneth good workes. The principall pointes whereof are contained in a short table hereunto annexed. Translated out of Latin into English by E.W.; Partitionum theologicarum, logica methodo institutarum. English Polanus von Polansdorf, Amandus, 1561-1610.; Wilcocks, Elijahu, b. 1576 or 7. 1595 (1595) STC 20083.7; ESTC S121514 121,376 286

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the table of the Lord. 1. Cor. 10.21 Therefore thou doest come to the banket of Christ thou art his guest as oft as thou doest eat and drinke of this supper The Lords supper commeth in the roome of the Paschall Lambe therefore it doth also keepe the analogie or proportion thereof For both the one and the other is a Sacrament of nourishment and spirituall bringing vp And as the eating of the Paschall Lambe was often vsed so also the vsing of the Lords Supper is oftentimes performed For as the Passeouer was the nourishing of Iudaisme so the Lords Supper is the nourishing of Christianity which nourishing often times standeth in neede of meat and drinke that is to say restoring and renewing euen as our life doth daily want refreshing which is performed by meat and drinke The parts of the Lords Supper as of other sacraments are two the earthly matter and outward action in the Supper The earthly matter in the Supper is two fold the bread and the wine Because we liue not only by meat but by drinke also The bread in the holy Supper is a signe or image of Christs body giuen to death for vs. Ioh. 6.35.48.50.51.55.56 The wine in the holy Supper is a signe or image of Christs bloud shed on the crosse for vs. Therefore the bread also is called the body it selfe and the wine or cup in which the wine is is called the bloud it selfe Not that the body of Christ descendeth from the seate of his glory out of heauen and doth hide it selfe inuisibly in the bread and his bloud in the wine which opinion is most absurd but therefore the bread is called the body of Christ because it is a signe remembrance token figure similitude and image of his body giuen for vs. And the wine or cup is called the new Testament or couenant in the bloud of Christ because it is a signe of the new Testament or couenaunt that is to say of reconciliation wrought with God by the bloud of Christ shed vppon the Crosse for the forgiuenesse of sinnes The bread by a metaphor is called the body of Christ deliuered for vs because the bread being broken is a signe calling into our remembraunce or imprinting in vs and as it were setting before our eyes the breaking that is to say the crucifying of the body of Christ The wine by the same metaphor is the bloud of Christ because it is a signe calling into our remembrance and imprinting in vs the shedding of Christs bloud done on the crosse for the forgiuenesse of our sinnes Yea the bread is not a signe of his glorious body as it is now already glorified but of his body deliuered vnto death of his body broken on the crosse and slayne for our sakes as the Lord expresly sayth This is my body which is giuen for you And the wine is not a signe of his bloud contayned in the veines but of his bloud shed on the Crosse or as it was shed as the same Lord expresly testifieth And therefore the body of Christ is not now in the bread because it is already glorious and shall not before the last day descend from heauen vnto this miserable earth neyther is his bloud already in the wine because he once shed his bloud and died now he sheddeth it no more death shall no more raigne ouer him By the bread being broken is represented vnto vs as by a similitude a certaine image his body that suffered for vs. For the whole action of the Lords Supper is to be referred to this end that we might preach the death of the Lord vntill he come The metaphor seemeth to be more conuenient in the laying open of these wordes because not the bread simply but the bread broken by a certaine similitude doth represent the body broken as Paul sayeth that is to say deliuered vnto death For the breaking of the bread putteth vs in mind of the breaking of the body of Christ as it were by a certaine picture set before our eyes Christ did not simply call the bread his body but the bread which is broken But to what end As I see with mine eyes that the bread is broken for me so I am certainely confirmed in my faith that the body of Christ was giuen vnto death for me Secondly as certainely as the minister of the word doth giue me the bread broken so certainely doth Christ giue me his body deliuered to death for my sake That this is the naturall meaning of the words of Christ by this it appeareth For Christ commaundeth to doe all these things in remembraunce of him and Paul expoundeth that saying yee shall preach the death of the Lord vntill he come Christ truely hath not said the bread is the signe of my body but because he ordayned the Sacrament he speaketh of it as the Scripture is alwayes wont to speake concerning Sacraments vnder a metaphor calling the signe by the name of the thing signified And therefore the faithfull comming to the holy Supper when they behold with the eyes of the body the Sacramentall bread they are admonished that withall by the eyes of faith they behold and embrace the body of Christ broken or crucified vppon the crosse for vs. For therefore the bread hath the name of the body not that the faithfull should stand vppon the bread onely or seeke the body of Christ in the earthly Element but that they should by faith lift vp themselues into Heauen whither he did ascend and where he is and by the eyes of faith should behold and eate the vnspotted Lambe that was slaine for them on the heauēly Altar the Church nameth it saying Lift vp your hearts By the same metaphor the bread which we breake is by Paul called the communion of the body of Christ the cuppe of blessing which we blesse is called the communion of the bloud of Christ 1. Cor. 10.16 Because by this bread and cup as by a seale the faithfull are assured that they haue communion that is to say fellowship with Christ Both the matters that is to say the earthly and heauenly are indeede present in the holy Supper the former indeede bodily and visibly but the other spiritually by the sight which faith affordeth vs. We with the eyes of the body see the bread and wine but with the eyes of the soule that is to say with faith we see the body and bloud of Christ Therefore as certainely as we see the bread and wine to be present so certainely doe we beleeue that the body and bloud of Christ is present to vs yea we doe not beleeue that it is the Lords supper except his body bloud be present to vs. Otherwise if they were absent how could it be made the partaking of the body and bloud of Christ for the partaking is not of things that are absent but present But the body and bloud of Christ are truly present to the faithfull that is to say to those who receiue it
by faith and yet this is by a spirituall presence not by a locall or bodily presence or placing by a Sacramental presence and such as belongeth to a couenant not by a naturall presence the body bloud of Christ are present by such a kinde of presence as faith requireth would haue not as the bodily mouth such a one as the spirit requireth and not the letter such a one as the purpose of Christ calleth for not a Capernaiticall interpretation and therefore rather we should by our minde be caried vp into heauen then to haue the blessed and glorious flesh of our Lord Iesus Christ pulled out of heauen vpon this miserable earth to imagine his inuisible descending into the bread and againe his ascending into heauen after the holy supper is celebrated Hitherto concerning the earthly matter in the holy Supper now concerning the outward action The outward action in the Lordes supper as in other Sacraments is two fold one of the minister that administreth the Lords supper and another of a faithfull man vsing the holy supper The action of the minister that administreth the holy supper is two fold the sanctifying of the bread and wine and the administring of it Of the sanctifying of the bread The sanctifying of the bread and wine is an action of the minister whereby according to the commandemēt of Christ he ordaineth the bread and wine to a holy vse The reciting of the words of the institutiō and promise is done for the blessing of the bread and wine that is to say that of the cōmon bread wine they might be made holy signes of the body bloud of Christ Which consecrating sanctifying and appointing of the bread and wine to a holy vse was called of old writers a change that is to say such a chaunging as belongeth to Sacraments Of the change belonging to Sacraments Which chaunging of the earthly matter is not a change of the substāce as the Papists erroniously affirme but a change of the end because the bread wine are no more common meat and drinke but serue to a holy end and vse For the mysticall signes Theod Dial. 2. euen after sanctifying doe not loose their owne nature Paul after the blessing calleth the bread still bread The administring of the earthly matter is the other part of the ministers actiō wherby he administreth the earthly matter in the holy supper And that administring is two fold partly of the bread partly of the wine Of the administring of the bread there are two parts the breaking and the distributing Of the breaking of the bread The breaking of the bread is an action of the minister whereby is signified that the bodie of Christ was no lesse certainely offered and broken on the crosse for me then I with my eyes see the bread of the Lord broken for me The distributing of the bread is an action of the minister whereby is signified that the body of Christ is as certainely offered to me as the bread broken is certainely offered to me Of the administring of the wine there are also two parts the powring of the wine into the cup and the distributing of the cup. The powring out of the wine is an action of the minister whereby is signified the shedding of the bloud of Christ done on the crosse The distributing of the cup is an action of the minister whereby is signifyed that the bloud of Christ is as certainely giuen vs as the cup is certainely deliuered vnto vs. Thus farre concerning the action of the minister now concerning the outward action of a faithfull man vsing the holy Supper The outward action of a faithfull man vsing the holy supper is two folde the receiuing of the bread and wine and thankesgiuing The receiuing of the bread and wine is an action of a faithfull man vsing the holy supper wherby he eateth the bread and drinketh the wine to signifie that he doth as certainely by faith eate the body of Christ and drinke his bloud as hee doth certainely with the mouth of the body eate the bread and drinke the wine out of the cup. To eate the body of Christ is to be made a partaker of the benefites of the couenant of grace that is to say of reconciliation iustification and regeneration in Christ of adoption c. Abraham did eate the flesh of Christ before that by his owne substance he had any being in his manhood We eate the flesh of Christ no otherwise then Abraham did neither are wee made partakers of the flesh of Christ otherwise then Abraham was Ioh. 6.51 1. Cor. 10.16 This eating is onely spirituall because it is done by faith and the spirite Whereby it appeareth that the beleeuers only doe eate the body and drinke the bloud of Christ the reprobate doe not because they haue no faith Now the flesh of Christ in that respect only that it was slaine and dead for vs is eaten to quicken the godly the bloud of Christ onely as it was shed on the crosse is drunke for the forgiuenesse of our sinnes For although Christ being once dead and raysed from the dead dyeth not anie more and so is not now any more in the state of humiliation but of glory yet the Sacraments leade our faith to the sacrifice of Christ performed on the crosse as Christ sayth Doe this in remembrance of me and Paul sayth As oft as you shall eate of this bread and drinke of this cuppe yee shall preach the death of the Lord vntill he come Hitherto concerning the receiuing of the bread and wine now concerning thankesgiuing Thankesgiuing is an action of a faithfull mā vsing the holy supper by which through true faith he thinketh speaketh of Christs death to his praise 1. Cor. 11.26 Thus farre concerning the parts of the Lordes Supper now concerning the preparation of a faithfull man before the vse thereof Of the preparation of a faithfull man before the vse of the holy supper The preparation to the vse of the holy Supper is two fold inward and outward The inward preparation is spiritual which consisteth in a mans examining of himselfe or in trying his owne worthinesse or vnworthinesse The worthinesse and vnworthinesse of those who come to the holy Supper and the effects of them both are two folde either of the person or of the vsing The worthines of the person is faith or the righteousnesse of Christ imputed by fayth which whosoeuer hath they are worthy guests receiue this food to eternal saluatiō Therfore the worthines of the person cōsisteth in faith alone and the effect of it is the escaping of eternall punishment The vnworthines of a person is infidelity wherewith whosoeuer are possessed they are vnworthy of this table and receiue to themselues iudgement and eternall damnation The worthinesse of the vsing is true reuerence inward and outward forgiuenes loue a serious bewayling of sinnes repentance the meditation of the benefites of Christ the
of the sacramentall vnion is the ioyning together of the outward action with the inward action For in the right vse of the Sacrament the offering and receiuing of the signe and thing signified is ioyned together the offering receiuing of the sign indeede is bodily by the hand of the minister but the offering and receiuing of the thing signified is spirituall through true faith by the hād of Christ himselfe For a Sacrament is not onely an earthly and bodily action but a heauenly and spirituall action also in which not only the earthly matter which is on earth but also those things which are in heauen which are in God and which are in the hearts of the faithfull are present with vs. And the holy spirit ioyning vs together with Christ doth couple vs euen we being most farre asunder as in regard of distance of place much more nearly and straightly then either the soul is ioyned with the body or the vine with the braunches Hitherto concerning the parts of the couenant of the Sacrament of Grace the ends follow Of the ends of the Sacrament of the couenant of Grace There are seuen ends of the Sacrament of the couenant of Grace 1 That it might be a remembraunce of Gods benefits both already offered and hereafter to be offered that is to say that it might put the faithfull in minde of Christs benefites eyther already bestowed or hereafter to be bestowed on them So the Passeouer was a remembrance not only of the deliueraunce out of Egypt already past but also of the deliueraunce to come by Christ So the holy Supper is a remembrance not onely of our redemption made vpon the erosse but also of that which is to be performed when he shall come to iudge the quick the dead and shall fully deliuer his elect from sin and all their enemies Luk. 21.28 2 That our faith might thereby be increased exercised and strengthened 3 That by it we might be stirred vp to thanksgiuing for the benefit of our redēptiō 4 That it might be a bond of mutuall loue and concord in the Church that is to say that by the partaking thereof we might more and more be bound amongst our selues in mutuall loue for we that are many are one bread and one body 5 That it might be the bond of publicke meetings of the preseruing of the ecclesiasticall ministery Exod. 12.16 1. Cor. 11.20 6 That it might be a note of our profession whereby as by a cognisance the Church is discerned frō infidels Exo. 12.45 So by circūcisiō the Iews were discerned frō the Gētiles As all vncleane men were to be kept from eating the things offered to God this threatning being added that whatsoeuer vncleane man did eat of them his soul should be cut off frō his people Leu. 7.20 euen so no vncleane or vnbeleeuing man ought to vse the Sacrament of the couenant of Grace 7 That it might be a witnesse of our confession and society with the church The sixt end pertaineth to the whole Church but the last end pertaineth to euery beleeuer He that shall not be circumcised his soule shall be cut off frō the people of God Whosoeuer vseth not the Sacraments whē he may he sheweth that he is not a member of the Church and the companion of our confession For the Sacrament is a witnesse which testifieth that he who vseth the Sacraments doth pertaine to the company of the church that he is a member of the Church and that he hath fellowship with it Whosoeuer in any congregation vseth the Sacrament he by this vse doth testifie that he embraceth the confession of that company and that he hath fellowship with it Thus farre concerning the ends of the couenant of grace Of the Sacraments ef the couenant of grace in the old Testament The Sacrament of the couenant of Grace is two fold of the old Testament or of the new The Sacrament of the old Testament is that which before the cōming of Christ was instituted for the Church of the old Testament Gen. 17. Exod. 12. 16.15 17.6 1. Cor. 10.1.2.3.4 The Sacraments of the old Testamēt were either ordinary or extraordinary Ordinary Sacraments were those which did ordinarily and alwayes pertaine to the Church of the old Testament Genes 17. Exod. 12. And they were two Circumcision and the Passeouer Of circumcisiō Circumcision was a Sacrament of the old Testament by which all the males amongst the people of Israell circumcised in the foreskin of their flesh were ingraffed into the couenant that God made with Abraham Gen. 17.10.11 Ios 5.2 Rom. 4.11 The parts thereof are two the foreskin and the outward action in the Circumcision Genes 17.11 The foreskin was a signe that our nature is corrupted that men are borne guilty in this carnall generation and therefore stand in neede of the regeneration and renewing which was to come by ●he blessed seede who should bruise the head of the serpent and in whom all nations should be blessed The outward action in Circumcision was two fold the one of the minister administring Circumcision the other of a faithfull man receiuing Circumcision Gen. 17.9.10 Rom. 2.19 4.11 The action of the minister administring Circumcision was two fold the laying open of the institution of Circumcision and the Circumcision of the foreskin The Circumcision of the foreskin was a signe of the Circumcision of the heart that is to say of iustification by faith Rom. 4.11 of forgiuenesse of sinnes and of regeneration Deut. 30.6 The action of a faithfull man receiuing Circumcision was two fold the receiuing of circumcision and thankesgiuing The receiuing of Circumcision was that wherby a faithfull man through the circumcision that was done by the hāds of the minister did put off the foreskin of the flesh to signifie that he put off from him the sinnes of the flesh Col. 2.11 Rom. 4.11 Thankesgiuing was done by the parents and kinsfolkes in stead of the infants being circumcised Thus farre concerning circumcision now concerning the Passeouer Of the Passeouer The Passeouer was a Sacrament of the old Testament whereby the faithfull hauing eaten the Paschall Lambe were put in minde of their deliuerance out of Egypt whether it were bodily already past or spir uall and was to come Exod. 12.1.2.3.5 11. The parts of the Passeouer were two the Paschall Lambe and the action pertaining to the vse thereof The Paschall Lambe The Paschall Lambe by a spirituall signification did note Christ the lambe of God taking away the sinnes of the world 1. Cor. 5.7.8 10.3 The action in the Passeouer was eyther of the minister or of the receiuer The actiō of the Minister is two fold both the laying open of the institution of the Sacrament of the Passeouer and also the offering of it to men Exod. 12.3.4.5.21 The laying open of the institution of he Sacrament of the Passeouer is commanded Exod. 12.26.27 The offering of the Paschall Lambe to others