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A17599 Aphorismes of Christian religion: or, a verie compendious abridgement of M. I. Calvins Institutions set forth in short sentences methodically by M. I. Piscator: and now Englished according to the authors third and last edition, by H. Holland.; Institutio Christianae religionis. English. Abridgments Calvin, Jean, 1509-1564.; Piscator, Johannes, 1546-1625.; Holland, Henry, 1555 or 6-1603. 1596 (1596) STC 4374; ESTC S107177 82,272 222

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by sealing it perswades the truth of the promise and so confirmes faith V. Yet they do performe neither of both themselues by any vertue in them but in that the holy a Ephe. 1.13 14. chap. 4. v. 30. spirit worketh by them and his working is free b Iohn 3.8 so that he worketh where he will when he will and in what measure it pleaseth him VI. The Sacramentes some are of the old Testament some of the new VII The Sacraments of the old Testament were a Gene. 17. Leuit. 12. Circumcision b Leuit. 14. purifications and c Leu. 1.3.4.6 c. sacrifices of these the d Exod. 12. 2. Paral. 35. passeouer was a speciall Sacrament VIII Circūcisiō did illustrate the promise of grace vnder the type of cutting off of the foreskin of the flesh for by the circumcising of the foreskin was signified that the sins of the faithful were done away by forgiuenes of sins or free a Rom. 4.11 iustification Circumcision did also seale the promise of grace by applying the same to euery person so that the couenant of God was as it were sealed in euery mans c Gen. 17.13 flesh IX The purifications did illustrate the promise of grace vnder the type of washing for by them was signified that the sinnes of the faithfull were purged by the bloud a Leu. 14.7.8 of Christ and dayly are washed away by the holy Ghost X. The sacrifices did illustrate the promise of grace as being types of our a Leuit. 1.4 4.20 16.27.30 expiatorie sacrifice for by them was signified that Christ should b Heb. 9.26 28. c. 10.11.12.14 be slaine for an expiatorie sacrifice that is to satisfie for all the sinnes of all the elect XII The pascall lambe be not onely shadowed this as a sacrifice generally but also foreshewed some peculiar thing of Christes sacrifice to wit that his a Iohn 19.36 bones should not be broken and it signified that the soules of the faithfull did banquet and feed b 1. Cor. 5.7 and 8. vpō Christ as it were spiritually in a sacrifice that is they receiued hereby some feeling of Gods grace loue purchased for them by the sacrifice of Christ Againe it represented the holinesse of Christes sacrifice for it was commanded to be an c Exod. 12.5 vnspotted lambe XII But besides this shadowing of Christes sacrifice in respect whereof that ceremonie of eating the lambe was a Sacrament it was also ordained to a Exo. 12.27 prayse God for deliuerance out of the bondage of Egipt XIII And thus much of the Sacraments of the old Testament The Sacramentes of the new are two Baptisme and the Lords Supper XIIII Baptisme that a Col. 2.11.12 succeeded in place of Circumcision doth illustrate the promise of grace vnder the type of b Act. 22.16 washing for as by water the c 1. Pet. 3.21 filthinesse of the body is done away so by the bloud d 1. Iohn 1.7 of Christ shed on the Crosse and by faith sprinckled on our harts our soules are purged from sinne But Baptisme sealeth vnto vs the promise of grace in that euery one is washed in that water which is the Sacramēt of the bloud of Christ shed on the crosse XV. The Supper of the Lord which came a Luk. 22.15 c. in place of the passeouer doth illustrate the promise of grace partly by representing the passion b Luk. 22.19 1. Cor. 11.24 of Christ by the breaking of the bread by pouring forth the wine the c Luk. 22.20 shedding of his bloud and partly by declaring the efficacie of Christes death by this ioyfull d 1. Cor. 5.8 bāquet for that the soules of the faithfull sweetely banquet be cōforted in tasting of Gods fauour grace purchased by the death of Christ But it sealeth vnto vs the promise of grace in that the bread which is giuen to euery one of vs to be eaten is the Sacrament of Christes body crucified for vs and in that euery one of vs doth drinke of the cup which is the Sacrament of the bloud of Christ shed vpon the crosse for vs. XVI And the Supper of the Lord hath the nature not onely of a Sacrament but also of a sacrifice to wit of thankes-giuing as also the lambe which had this place before it For as that lambe was appointed to prayse God for their deliuerie from the bōdage of Pharao so the holy Supper was ordained to a 1. Cor. 11.26 prayse the Lord for our redemption from the power of the deuill by the death of Christ XVII But as the Sacramentes in respect of God are signes of grace towards his people so in respect of vs they be a Mat. 23.15 Act. 2.41 chap. 8.36.37.38 markes of our profession whereby we openly professe that we desire to be counted among the people of God and will worship onely the true God who hath manifested him self to his people as by the most sure word and doctrine of the Prophetes and Apostles so also by these Sacraments XVIII Of all these Sacraments the Scripture vsually speaketh a Gen. 17.10 and 11. Exod. 12.11 and 27. Act. 22.16 Mat. 26.26 and 28. Mar. 14.22 and 24. Luke 22.19 and 20. 1. Cor. 10.4.16 1. Cor. 11.24 and 25. metonymically that is attributing the names or properties of the things signified to the signes themselues which thing is done partly to teach vs the relation which is betweene those signes and things signified partly to signifie the truth certaintie of the working of those holy Sacramentes that the beleeuers should not doubt but that the things signified set before vs are as truly by the working of the holy spirit cōmunicated vnto them as they certainly feele that these diuine signes and seales which are named Sacraments are by the Minister of the Church giuen them XIX The difference of the old and new Sacramēts is not in the things signified for they in both are a 1. Cor. 10.2.3 4. the same but partly in the manner of signification and partly in the euidence of demonstration for the old signified and figured Christ to come but the new signifie and shew that he is come Again the new are more manifest thē the old because they represent a thing done and clearely preached by the Gospell XX. They erre that any way bind the things signified to the signes XXI As also they that attribute to the signes power to conferre grace which they onely seale and testifie XXII But the Papistes erre most shamefully in that they transforme the Lords Supper into the Masse teaching that by consecration that is by the muttering of the fiue wordes Hoc enim est corpus meum for this is my body ouer the bread the same is transubstantiated into or turned into the substance of the body of Christ as they say and by the offring vp of Christ thus created
it is very manifest that the body of Christ is not eatē with the 1 Transubstantiation mouth and that his body is not contained 2 Consubstantiation in the bread of the holy Supper for that a Act. 3.21 heauē must containe him vnto the day of iudgement Neither may we say that the body of Christ is euery where that it may be in heauen at one and the selfe same time here on earth also in the bread of the Lordes Supper for it euer retaines that propertie of a mans body which is to be finite for Christ was made like vnto vs in all b Heb. 2.17 things c Heb. 4.15 sinne onely excepted XVI Againe if the body of Christ and the bloud of Christ were cōtained vnder the formes of bread and wine the one part must be necessarily seuered from the other and so Christ must dye againe But Christ dyeth a Rom. 6.9 no more XVII Now that the bread of the Lords Supper is not transubstantiated into the body of Christ but that the substaunce of the bread remaineth after the wordes of consecration it may appeare for that Christ would teach by this bread as by a verie apt similitude that his flesh is a Iohn 6.55 spirituall meate therefore it must necessarily be very bread that we may assuredly conclude that our soules are as truly fed with Christ crucified for vs as our bodies are truly fed with that bread which there is broken for vs and giuen vs. Againe Christ commanded all the faithfull to eate of one b 1. Cor. 10.17 bread to teach that they all c Ibidem are as one bread or as one body therefore it must be very bread that the similitude may continue that like as of many grains or masse one substance is made so one bread so the faithfull being many hauing one spirit of faith to knit them vnto Christ and one spirite of loue to knit them one with another are made one Church as one body in and through their head Iesus Christ XVIII And like as neither the water of Baptisme is chaunged nor that water which streamed from the a Num. 20.10.11 rocke being smitten with Moses rod was chaunged into the bloud of Christ and yet both Sacraments of the same So in like maner the wine in the Lords Supper is not changed into the bloud of Christ wherof notwithstanding it is a Sacrament as Christ ordained and appointed XIX And yet we do not goe from the verie words of Christ but desire to giue them their naturall sense and meaning XX. The verie naturall sense of the words of Christ doth depend vpon a Metonymie or trope whereby the name of the thing signified that is the bodie is attributed to the signe which is bread and so for the cup and bloud of Christ in like maner XXI This Metonymicall or Sacramentall phrase is vsed euerie where in Scripture where the holy Spirit speaketh of Sacraments For we may not otherwise vnderstand these places as where it is sayd that circumcision is the a Gen. 17.10 couenant of God the paschall lambe is b Exod. 12.11 and 27. the Lords Passeouer in Aegypt and the c Leuit. 6.30 c. sacrifices of the Law are sayd to expiate the sinnes of the people and that the rocke which gaue thē water to drinke in the wildernesse was d 1. Cor. 10.4 Christ XXII The holy Spirit vsually retaineth this maner of speaking in all Sacraments for two causes principally first to helpe vs against our ignorance dulnesse and the blindnesse of our hearts for if the Lord spake not on this maner we would but only fasten our eyes and our hearts vpon the bare signes and ceremonies and content our selues as haue hypocrites in all ages with bare and emptie shadowes without faith Psal 50. feare repentance obedience or any reuerence of the holy couenant Therfore I say the Lord first speakes on this wise to lift vp our hearts and soules by faith to behold consider and to feede vpon the things signified The second cause of the vse of this phrase in the Sacraments is for that the verie truth is so there is a reall presence of the signe and the thing signified to the beleeuer for as he doth bodily and really participate of the signe Sacramenta sunt signa exhibentia non significantia tantū so doth he spiritually as really receiue and feed vpon the thing signified XXIII And thus speaketh Augustine also lest any thinke of this as of some new inuētiō If Sacraments had not a certaine similitude of those things of which they be Sacramēts a Epist 23. ad Bonifac. surely they should be no Sacraments and by reason of this likenesse they haue often the names of the things which are signified by them Therfore as the Sacrament of the body of Christ is after a certaine manner the body of Christ the Sacrament of the bloud of Christ the bloud of Christ so the Sacrament of faith is faith Whereas they obiect that it is not like that when Christ would minister vnto his Apostles a speciall comfort in aduersitie that then he should speake darkely and doubtfully the matter it self sheweth that this metonymicall phrase seemed not hard or obscure vnto the Apostles for if they had not thought that the Lord called the bread his body because it is a liuely true signe Sacrament thereof out of all question they had bene much troubled disquieted with so prodigious a matter which necessarily followeth from the literall sense of the word this may yet better appeare for the same verie time they could not well conceiue and vnderstand more easie and common a Ioh. 14.5.8 c. 16. v. 17. argumentes Therefore I say for that they were not troubled with these wordes it is manifest that they vnderstood them metonymically after the maner of the Scripture the rather for that a little before they had eaten of the lambe which in the same sense was called the passeouer for that it was a symbole of that memorable passeouer wherein the Angell b Exo. 12.27 of the Lord smiting all the first borne of the Aegyptians did passe ouer the houses of the people of Israell by which occasiō they were brought out of Aegypt and so freed from that extreme bondage XXV They spend here wind in vaine to obiect the omnipotencie of God to shewe that the bodie of Christ may be both in heauen and in the Sacramentall bread at one and the same time For the question is not here what God can do but what he will do and what his will and good pleasure is And his will is that Christ be like his brethren in a Heb. 2.17 all things sinne onely b Heb. 4.15 excepted Therefore his will is that he haue a true bodie that is a finite bodie and limited in place Againe albeit God be omnipotent yet can he not
Prou. 8. v. 15. Wisedome that is the sonne of God speaketh By me kings raigne and princes decree iustice Dan. 2. v. 21. God taketh away kingdomes setteth vp kings Rom. 13. v. 1. Paule saith He that resisteth power resisteth the ordinance of God V. The office of the Magistrat is to be the a Deut. 17.18.19 keeper of both the Tables of Gods law therefore his principall care must be to set vp and to defend the b Deut. 15.5 2. King 23. 2. Chron. 29. pure worship and seruice of God Next to do iudgement c Ierem. 22.3 Psal 82.3 4. Rom. 13 3.4 Gene. 9.6 and iustice that is to punish the euill to defend and reward the good VI. Againe if neede so require the Magistrat is bounde to defend the subiect with a Deut. 20. Luke 3.14 Mat. 8.10 Act. 10.4 armes and those dominions which are committed to his charge VII Notwithstanding when Magistrates punish either their subiects or their enemies they ought to haue a speciall care that they giue no place to their owne affections but respect onely the discharge of their dutie VIII The Magistrate may by good right require and demaund of his subiectes a Ro. 13.6.7 tributes and customes and he may vse the same not onely for the discharge of his publike seruices but also for the b 1. Sam. 8.11 c. Gen. 44.22.23 Dan. 2.41 honour of his house and for the preseruation of his owne state and dignitie IX And thus farre of the Magistrate now for the lawes we must first obserue that God hath three kindes of lawes the law morall ceremoniall and iudiciall X. The summe of the Morall law is comprized in the a Exod. 20. Deut. 5. Decalogue consisting in the loue of God and the neighbour and for that it is an euerlasting rule of iustice it must continue euer in force XI The Ceremoniall law was the a Gal. 3.14 pedagogie of the Iewes vntill the coming of Christ and therefore Christ being come it is b Col. 2.16 Ephes 2.15 abrogated XII The Iudiciall law in as much as it was properly applyed to the Iewes bindeth not the Christian Magistrate yet in appointing the a Leu. 24.16 Deut. 13.5 punishments of grieuous sinnes it bindeth no lesse the Christian Magistrate at this day then it bound the Magistrates of the Iewes XIII And thus farre of the lawes The third part is of the subiectes The dutie of subiectes towards their Magistrates first is to esteeme of them and a Rom. 13.7 reuerence them as the ministers and messengers or b Rom. 13.4 vicegerents of God next with readinesse of minde and in all obseruance to c Ibid. v. 1. and 5. 1. Pet. 2.13.14 obey them Lastly not to intermeddle with publique affaires nor to d 1. Pet. 4.15 enterprise anie thing without their commission XIIII They are bound also to obey them that vniustly a 1. Pet. 1.18 Ier. 27.12 and tyrannically rule ouer them so long as they commaund nothing that God hath forbidden and forbid nothing that God hath commaunded for in this case we must keepe that rule of S. Peter VVe must obey b Act. 4.19 and 5.29 God more then men and that rule of Christ c Mat. 22.21 Giue vnto Caesar those things which are Caesars and vnto God those things which are Gods A SVPPLEMENT OR ADDITION FOR THE CLEERING AND opening of the doctrine of the Lords Supper WHEREAS our Lord Iesus Christ the 6. of Iohn saith in expresse words that his flesh is a Ioh. 6.55 meate indeed his bloud is drinke indeed And againe b Ibid. v. 53. Vnlesse ye eate the flesh of the sonne of man and drinke his bloud ye haue no life in you For the right vnderstanding of these wordes and doctrine which at the first sight seemeth so strange and to the Capernaites whom Christ then taught most repugnant to all reason and that the same may minister cōfort vnto our soules which is the right end and vse of this celestiall veritie two questions principally must be cōsidered The first is VVhat kind of meate the flesh of Christ is The second How or in what maner this meate is to be eaten The same question may be made also cōcerning the cup as VVhat kind of drinke the bloud of Christ is and in what maner must we drinke the same Now then as concerning the first question If the flesh of Christ bee meate indeede as is before shewed it must be either a corporall or spirituall foode Corporall foode is that which nourisheth him bodily that feedeth thereupon and this to speake after the vsuall maner and properly is called meate Spirituall food is that whereby the soule or spirit of him which eateth is fed and nourished and this is called meate improperly tropically metaphorically because it hath the likenesse of meat properly so called For like as by natural food so properly called the bodie is nourished and sustained so by that spirituall meate the spirit and soule of man is cherished as nourished The same reason and description may be giuen of the corporall and spirituall drinke And now it is certaine that neither the flesh of Christ is a corporall food nor his bloud corporall drinke for that no bodily substance is fed preserued either by the flesh or by the bloud of Christ For to effect this the flesh of Christ must bee eaten with the mouth chewed with the teeth swallowed vp digested and so turned into that nourishing * Chilus iuyce in the stomach whereof bloud is ingendred and so deriued or sent into all partes of the bodie to be vnited thereunto or altred and chaunged into the substance thereof that the body may receiue his growth and preseruation therby And so in like maner the bloud of Christ if the bodie were to be nourished thereby must be drunke vp with the mouth swallowed c. But these things are against all reason and horrible to be spoken And this was the verie cause why the Capernaites did so tremble at the speech of Christ touching the eating of his flesh tooke it so in euil part saying c Ioh. 6.52 How can this man giue vs his flesh to eate and againe d Ibid. v. 60. This is an hard saying who can heare it For they vnderstood Christ to speake those words of a bodilie food which were to be taken with the mouth for the nourishment of the body Wherefore seeing that it is manifest by these absurde consequents that the flesh of Christ is no meate for the body it followeth that it must be a spirituall foode and his bloud spirituall drinke whereby the spirite and soule of man is fed and preserued vnto life euerlasting like as mans body is nourished and kept in this temporall fraile life by corporall meat and drinke And this Christ himselfe seemeth to haue said in these wordes It is e Ibid. v. 63. the spirite that