and Malignant IIII. In some the matter flows from the whol Body in others from the Brain Article VI. Of Nail-sores Kibes and Chilblaines Paronychia the Nail-sore is a Tumor arising upon the fingers ends beside the Nails The SIGNES are taken from the Situation and greatness of the Pain because the Nervous parts adjacent are affected and the said pain reaches somtimes al the Arme over The CAUSE is blood adust somtimes Malignant which Nature thrusts out into those parts The CURE is contrived by Evacuation Mitigation of Pain and Suppuration Repellers must not be used least we exasperate the pain and fix the Humor Oyl of Lead is commended by Agricola Page 216. And Eare-Wax applied with a peice of Ele-Skin Page 246. Perniones Kibs and Chilblains are swellings which arise in the winter time upon the Heels Toes and Fingers with other parts of the Hands and Feet The SIGNS are Refrigeration forgoing Pains Itch c. The CAUSE the winters cold weakening those parts and by pain drawing blood unto them They are somtimes long-lasting and though they go away in Summer they return again in winter In the Cure 1. The cold must be expelled by plunging the part into cold Water 2. The Part must be fomented with blood warm Milk wherein Rose-Mary Bay berries c. Have bin boyled or it must be put into hot Water wherein frozen Turneps have been boyled Article VII Of an Ecchymoma Ecchymoma is the effusion of Blood into the neighbouring spaces whereby a Part comes to have a livid black and blew color SIGNS are needless seeing the Disease is apparent to our Eye-sight The CAUSES are various viz. Anastomosis Diapedesis Diaeresis Contusion c. The CURE is performed 1. By Blood-letting if the Disease be great least Inflamation be caused 2. By Repelling Medicaments which must not be moist least blood flow in and they must have discussors mingled with them Honey of Roses laid on with blew Paper is good as is terra Sigillata dissolved with Water of Life By Digestion to which intent the Root of Solomons Seal bruised and steeped in Wine or other Liquor is good 4. By application of Cupping-Glasses if digesters help not 5. By laying on Ripeners that are Of a middle Nature between strong and weak 6. By opening the Tumor least the Quittar corrupt the neighbouring parts or make hollow fistulaes 7. If the part encline to a Gangraen we use to scarrifie the same and to wash it with hot Vinegar wherein the Root of Solomons Seal has been boyled Inwardly such things must be given as dissolve clotted Blood Article VIII Of a Carbuncle A Carbuncle is a Tumor springing from Adust thick and most fervent blood degenerating into black Choller which corrupts the part The SIGNS are these following A crusty Ulcer arises blackish or Ash colored not long after a round Bubo sharp and burning which is worst towards the evening breakes forth and the flesh round about is very hot There concurs a Feaver stomach-sickness womiting panting of the Heart Swownings Ravings c. The CAUSE is such blood as aforesaid which being bread in the Body and having attained a certain degree of Malignity is cast out and continually generated by a new afflux of Matter The CURE in general is in a manner None if having been red they presently vanish away Hard of such as are black and which are seated in the emunctories and near the noble members of the body Easier of such as are red Smal Single The manner of proceeding in the Cure is this 1. Let a Diet be prescribed cold and moist 2. Blood-letting must be practised at the beginning to take away fervent blood provided it be not drawn through some noble Members 3. The Malignant Humor must be prepared and Mitigated to which intent Scabious is most prevalent 4. We must Purge warily because of the acute Feaver 5. The part must be Scarrified where you are to note that the Scarrification is to be iterated if the blood require the same again We must not Draw if the Humor flow violently into the part least the Feaver and pain should be augmented Nay rather moderate Repression is to be caused by applying Medicaments to that end three fingers space round about the Carbuncle To which intent the Pap of Appels is used boyled with Vinegar of Roses into the form of a Pultis A Qiniment of Bole-Armoniack with a sufficient quantity of Oyl of Roses c. The Plaister of Agricola T. 1. Page 139. The part being Scarified must be washed with Salt Water hot 6. After it is washed Medicaments must be applied which resist putrefaction especially made of Scabious and Devils-bit 7. If Scarification help not we must use Burning but so that we presently anoynt the Crust with Unguentum Aegyptiacum or apply thereto a Cataplasme of Orobus meal and Oxymel simple to remove the same least if it remain upon the place it prevent the breathing forth of the Malignant Humor 8. The crust being removed the Ulcer must be cleansed c. The Cure thereof see in Agricola T. 1. Page 139. If you please The Difference is two-fold I. One sort is without any Pustle which discovers it self by those signs of which mention is made in general and there is nothing singular in the cure thereof Another is with a Pustle which is known because an Itching is first felt and soon after one smal pustle or more like the graves of Milet shoot forth which being broken a crusty Ulcer shews it self In the Cure there is nothing singular observable II. Another is Pestilential and then the Constitution of the year is such the Symptomes are stronger The Cure is most Difficult if it break out after a pestilential Feaver the heart being possessed by Malignant Humors T is easier if it break out before unless violent Symptomes appear soon after In the progress thereof these things are to be noted 1. That Blood-letting must be avoided because it breaks forth after the Patients strength is dejected 2. That we are cheifly to make use of Antidotes both Internally and Externally 3. Al possible diligence must be used to hinder the putrefaction from spreading To break it the Plaster of Heurnius in his comment upon the 55. Aphorisme of the fourth Book is commended Oyl of Antimonial butter the Magnetick Plaister of Hartman in his Chapter of the Plague Agricola his Oyl of Mercury T. 1. Page 139. Elixi Pestilential of Crollius c. A Cataplasme of radishes beaten with Rose-Vinegar described by Joel T. 6. Another is not Malignant and milder which at first looks red like a Flegmone or Inflamation and afterward waxes Yellow For its Cure see the general Rules Chap. 2. Of Tumors springing from Choller Article 1. Of an Erysipelas or Tumor so called ANd so much may suffice to have spoken concerning Tumors arising from blood From Choller proceeds Erysipelas and Herpes Erysipelas or St. Anthonies fire is a Chollerick Tumor springing from Chollerick blood flowing together into some part under
Decoction of Salsaparilia Guajacum and China Article II. Of the Phlyctaenae Sudamina Sirones and Vari Tumor so called Phlyctenoe or wild fire are little blisters or Bladders raised in the skin by exceeding sharp Humors They are known hereby because they are like such as proceed from scalding and when they are broken a yellowish Humor breaks forth Spring from a Chllerick wheyish Humor which is thrust out into the skin either by Nature or some external cause Are Cured by a Decoction of Duck-weed universal Remedies being premised if need require an Epitheme of strong Lie made of Beech Ashes mixt up with Lin-seed Oyl and walnut Oyl of each a like quantity and frequently applied 2. By Breaking a drying Cataplasme being presently applied II. Sudamina are pushes like milet seed which Vlcerate and ruff the skin They are known most easily They arise from plenty of sweat restrained within the skin especially in an hot and moist stomach after an hot Diet. Are Cured by washing with Oaken-water to which a grain or two of Camphire may be added III. Sirones or Chriones are Pustles in the Palms of the Hands or soles of the Feet which have little worms in them The worms must be Dug forth then the place must be washed with a Decoction of Oake-leaves with Alum or of Sulphar with Oyl of Tartar IIII. Vari are little hard Tumors on the skin of the Face curdled up of an hard thick Juyce They are known easily They are of the bigness of Hemp-seeds and they infest young people that are inclined to Venery and fruitfull but chast withal and continent They arise from an alimentary Humor for the most part which insinuates it self into the pores of the Skin and somtimes has Cholerick blood mingled therewith and then they shed forth an ichor and turn to ulcers They are Cured with Difficulty if there be a deep redness in the Face with pustles If the same be joyned with a bloat Face and Hoarsnese of thâ—â—â—ice The Cure is wrought by Discussers and Emollients premising such things as purifie the blood Commendations are given to Oyl of Vitriol Sulfur or Tartar smeared on in the evening and washed of again in the morning with warm water wherein bean-flower has been steeped Article III. Of the Epinyctides Alphus and Leuce Epinyctides are smal Vlcers which break out of their own accord especially in the night in the eminent parts of the Body resembling Bladders which being broke in sunder blood-waterish matter runs forrh They are known by their leadenish color or blackish vehement inflamation pain enerasing in 〈◊〉 night by reason of the motion of black-Meâ—â—choly and the nights cold stopping the pores of the skin They arise from a wheyish and Melanchollick Humor like the Cause of a Carbuncle in al things save Malignity and greatness of the Tumor The Cure consists in Evacuation and Topicks that bridle and temper the churlishness of the Humor offending II. Alphus The Morphew are great Blots or spots upon the skin changing the color thereof which are spread up and down here and there with a certain roughness They arise from blood badly nourishing and they trouble Men more than women or Children They are either Black springing from Melancholy blood through default of the Spleen which are Cured after universal Remedies by good Diet bathings anointing with Mustard-seed pouder mingled with water or White but not exactly agreeing with the whitness of the skin which spring from Flegmatick blood cheifly through default of the Liver The skin is by them made white but not the Hairs and if it be pricked blood follows They are Cured more easily than the black one They require not blood-letting by reason of the coldness of the blood II. Leuce is a continued blot changing the color and substance both of skin and flesh T is known both from what is set down in the Description and because it makes the hairs fal of and others grow in their place like down The skin is flatter than in other places If prickt with a pin a watry and white liquor comes forth It springs from Flegmatick blood with which the flesh being nourished first becomes of a middle nature between that of Animals that have blood and that of bloodless Live-wights and afterâ—â—rd when it cannot change it into the form of â—ed-flesh it becomes like the flesh of Oysters and Locusts The Cure is Desperate if after rubbing it look not red If prickt no blood follow if the blot continualy encrease Difficult if it be smal if rub'd it shew some redness or be upon the hand or foot T is Performed 1. By Preparation of Humors by heaters and cutters 2. By Evacuation with Flegmagogues 3. By external Applications the parts being first rubbed with a Course Cloath Article IIII. Of the Impetigo and Gutta Rosacea Impetiâ—â—â— Or Licheu a Tetter or Kingworm are hard pustles upon the Skin which spread themselves into the bordering parts with dryness roughness and great itching T is known by what is in the definition expressed It arises from a thin sharp wheyish Juyce mingled with an earthy Humor which comes from a suitable Diet and somtimes in the Spring and somtimes in the fal it enclines to the outward parts and breakes forth T is Cured 1. By good Diet which must be neither salt nor biting 2. By Alteration and Evacuation of the Humors if they too much offend 3. By Application of Topicks Vnguentum Citrinum with Oyl of Egs live Brimstone Oyl of wax of Cloves and Camphire are commended after a somentation of Mallows Mullein and Fumitory Also Oyl of Tartar per Deliquium with a like quantity of Oyl of Wax mingled T is Divided into a Gentle sort which being anointed with fasting Spittle or with the Roots of the sharp-pointed Dock beaten with Vinegar is somtimes cured and a Feirce or Angry sort in which besides the former Medicaments a water distilled out of Oyl of Tartar with crude Mercury is good the Mercury being in a quadruple proportion to the Oyl of Tartar Joil his Experiment of the rust of Iron Book 10. Of his Practice S. 3. II. Gutta Rosacea is a Pustulous and somtimes Tuberous redness of the Face Representing Rose-colored spots T is known by the sight It s Original is from thick blood and fervent bred through default of the Liver originally or by bad Diet and carryed up into the Face and there sticking by reason of its thickness T is Cured 1. By reducing the heated Liver to its right temper with Syrupe of Cichory Straw-berryes and Coral 2. By opening the stoppages thereof 3. By Topicks as the menstrual blood of a Virgin dissolved in hot water Oyl of Toades c. See Hartman of redness and Pustles in the Face Chap. VI. Of Tumors wherein the Humor is included in a proper Membrane TO such kind of Tumors there are three sorts referred 1. Strumae or Scrofulae which are a Scirrhous Tumors of the Glandules contained in a peculiar Membrane Their Subject
Vapors somtimes from the whole Body somtime from its parts as the Arm-pits Privities Feet From the whole Body either because of some propriety of temper or by reason of the blood and seed being corrupted in the Womb or through some accident during the time of a Womans Belly-bearing From the Parts by afflux of Excrementitious Humors in moist bodies which being thrust thither because they cannot freely exhale they conceive putrefaction and stench In the Cure regard is to be had of universal Remedies Let the Diet encline to dryness and resist Putrefaction Let also the foresaid parts be often washed with a Decoction of Scabious Mirrh Guaiacum and anoynted with an Oyntment of Orice-Roots Lignum-Aloes Ballom of Citrons and Nutmeg compounded together or let them be sprinkled with Pouders Title III. Of the Diseases incident to the Hair Chap. 1. Of falling off of the Hair THe third kind of external Diseases are those of the Hair under which are comprehended Shedding of the Hair Graynes of Hair Dandruff and the Plica Shedding of the Hairs is when they do for certain Causes fal from the Body It is divided into certain sorts viz. Defluvium Calvities Area and Tinea 1. Defluvium is such a falling of the Hairs that either all or most of the Hairs fal of here and there in several places It is known most easily It arises from divers Causes 1. From defect of nourishment as is seen in persons having the Consumption and such as are sick of a Malignant Feaver In the Consumption there is no Remedy In other sorts the Head must be frequently rubbed that the nourishment may be brought thither The Head must be washed with a Decoction of Capillary Herbs 2. From the Pravity of Humors which Eate and corrode the Roots of the Hairs In which case universal Remedies being premised things moderately Discussing are to be used Ladanum is to be mixed with Oyntments 3. From the Rarity of the Skin Then such things as thicken the Skin as Ladanum Oyl of Mastich and Myrtles a Decoction of the Roots of Burdock made in Lie II. Calvities Baldness is when the Hairs fal wholly of from the fore part of the Head T is known by the Eye-sight It Arises from defect of Aliment dryness of the Brain either through Age or some violent cause as too much use of carnal Embracements There is no Cure of baldness yet it may be preveted and deferred 1. By good Diet in which biting salt and astringent things strong Wine too much venery ought to be avoided 2. By supplying nutriment to the Hairs by such things as correct the dryness of the Brain 3. By drawing Aliment to the Roots of the Hair In which case Moderate frictions are good and drawers joyned with things moderately astringent Ladanum dissolved in Oyl of Mastich Washing the Head with a Decoction of Faenugreek c. III. Area is the falling off of the Hair from certain parts of the Head so as to leave bare bald patches here and there arising from a bad and corrupt Humor fretting the Roots of the Hairs It is known by the sight and by the differences of which anon It arises from the Humor named in the description especially from Flegm Salt adust and putrified through fault of the Brain and an hot Liver and corrupt meates as toad stooles c. The Cure is easie if the Disease be fresh If the place being rubbed quickly grows red If the Extremities of the bald patches which border upon the hairy parts begin to shoot forth Hair afresh Hard if the Skin be thick fattish and wholly void of Hair If the Disease be old None if the place being rub'd grows not red T is Performed 1. By Evacuation of the Vitious Humor by purges and Apophlegmaiismes 2. By driving back the said Humor while it is in Flux 3. By digesting the same when it is fastened into the Skin by Medicines hot and of thin parts not very dry least the Aliment be Discussed First the Weaker sort as Southern-wood reed-Roots burnt afterward the stronger Mustard Water-Cresses white-Lilly Roots which ought at first to be more Liquid and left so long on til some alteration be perceived in the Skin Beares-Grease helps by a secret Propriety of which with the Hairs of a Bear burnt Oyl of Mastich-tree and other things before recited an Oyntment may be made T is divided two manner of waies 1. Into Alopecia which keeps in its spreading any kind of Fignre and happens in the beard and hair of the Head in any Age And Ophiosis which begins on the hind part of the Head exceeds not the length of two fingers creeps towards the eares with two heads and in some as far as to the Fore-head til the two Heads meet before It cheifly haunts Infants Herein also the Skin is superficially Excoriated the Color thereof changed and if it be pricked Wheyish blood Issues forth 2. Into that which springs from the Whoremasters Pox that which comes from the Leprosie which is incurable and that which comes from other gentler Causes IIII. Tinea when the Hairs fal off one by one being Eaten and consumed by certain Worms T is known because the Hairs are shorter one than another and uneven Smal worms thick in their ends The color of the Hair becomes like that of Ashes It arises from Excrementitious Humors penetrating into the Hairs with their nourishment and therein by Heat changed into worms T is Cured Universal Remedies being premised by Abstersion with docoction of great Nettle smal Centory c. Chap. 2. Of the Porriga and Plica POrrigo Dandruff is when a man scratches or Comes his Head and there fals somwhat out like Bran. It arises from serous Cholerick and Flegmatick Humors which are carried to the Head with the nourishment of the Hairs the more thin parts being Discussed the thicker stick about the Hairs and go into dandruff They are attracted by an over-bot brain The Cure is by Evacuation of the peccant matter By Discussion and Abstersion with some astringents A Decoction of Vetches and Mallows is good in this Case II. Plica is a tangling and folding of the Hairs into Elfe-locks or thickly thrummed and matted bunches arising from plenty of matter profitable to nourish the Hairs but unprofitable for nutriment of the Body and causing divers Symptomes It is known by bunchings and complications of the Hair pains vexing the Joynts and bones convulsions plenty of Lice The Nailes of the great Toes are rough and scaly black like a Goat-Bucks-Horn The Cause cannot sufficiently be explained T is thought to be a Matter affording plenty of nourishment to the Hairs but such as is hurtful to the Body as familiar to the Hairs as in the running Gout Wheyish matter is to the joynts or Polygonon and bone-glew to the Bones whereupon if the Haires be shaven they shed blood It arises from a peculiar corruption of the place Aire and water T is carryed thither with the Blood somtimes Witchcraft may be joyned The
The Physitians care has two scopes I. Preservation which in persons of years is contrived by blood-letting purgation and taking heed of the Infection and in infants only by the last means of the three II. Curation which is Hopeful if they soon break forth and appear high above the skin great seperate white or red If the Heat abate after they are broken forth if large bleeding at the nose have proceded if no greivious symptoms attend them Doubtful if either they come flowly out or go in againe if they are of violet color green lead-color hard and touching one another If the feaver abate not after their breaking forth If the patient breaths not freely faint away and other symtoms be present 'T is performed I. By mittigation of the Ebullition or fermentation of the Blood least over Ebullition produce more greivious symptoms which is effected by blood-letting and light purgation in persons grown up by Clysters of the decoction of barly with fresh butter comon sugar in Infants or by giving them syrup of Citrons and syrup of violets mixed together or a bit of pomecitron II. By assisting nature in the expulsion where impediments are taken away by the foresaid remedies and the malignity is likewise resisted Expulsion is furthered by Pulvis Joelis in his 4 Tom Book 9. sect 5. of the seeds of Nasturtinm or water cresses and brooklime of each one dram pouder of Unicorns horn one scruple or of harts-horn half a dram Red coral pearls prepeared of each a scrupel Make al into a pouder The dose one dram or an half dram The decoction of figs of Mynsichtus in the 25. section of his Armamentarium Terra Sigillata of Silesia Seed of white turneps A decoction of lentils unhusked with fennel-seed and gum dragant c. III. By defence of the parts To which end the eyes must be rubbed with pure gold or nointed with plantane and eye bright water and a little camphire and saffron If they cannot be opened they must be fomented either with hot milk or a decoction of Barly To the Nostrils a nodule of sanders and camphire dipt in rose water must be applied If thut they must be nointed with oyle of sweet almonds The throat must either be smeared with diamorum or washed with a decoction of plantane and barly with Honey of roses The ripening of the poxs must be furthered with anointing the same with oyl of sweet almonds When they are ripe they must be opened with golden or silver pins that they may leave no warts behind them They must be washed with a water distiled of al manner of flowers and mans fat or with oyntment of Forestus IV. By removing the symptoms which appear with or folow the same now they are Epilepsy and convulsion when the membranes and nerves are beset with poxs and the palsy when they are thereby obstructed Hard swellings which must be dissipated by emollients without suppuration External Vlcers Dysentery where emollients are to be avoided and such things as dry and stop without acrimony are to be used Hearing impared where evacuation being premised either vesicatories or vapours received into the ears are useful Inflamation of the Eyes c. Of which see in their proper places Article II. Of the measels and such like Breakin gs forth The Morbilli or Measels are smal red pushes breaking forth upon the skin with a continual feaver caused by the expulsive faculty and a peculiar working or boiling of the Blood The Signs Causes Differences and Cure vary not much from those of the smal pocks of which we newly discoursed Like Breakin gs forth to the measels are I. Crystalli Cristals pushes about the bigness of Lupines breaking out upon the Body and shining like Christal out of which a watrish humor flows The Germans cal them Schafs-blattern II. Tubercula little risings not thick together with little moisture in them without any feaver and soone cured III. Rubeolae smal red Pimples which come somtimes a lone with heat and Cough sometimes they are sprinkeled among the smal poxe or measels and sometimes they happen to persons in Health IV. Rossalia red fiery spots which breake out at the begining of the disease al over the Body as it were certain smal Erysipela's though the tumor is hardly discernable sometimes they breake not forth til the fourth or fift day in the progrses of the disease they occupy the whole body so that it looks as it were alâ—on a red fire Which color is againe changed into spots as at the begining which vanish at last upon the seventh or eight day The Epidermis or scarf-skin faling off like scales The Cure of these requires nothing singular Article III. Of the spotted Feaver Febris pefechialis or the spotted feaver is a malignant Feaver in which certain spots like flea bitings of sundry colors but cheifly red appear upon the skin These spots are called puncticulae petechiae peticulae Whence the feavers are termed also puncticulares periculares and lenticulares The SIGNES are the same as in malignant feavers The sports are without any itching extuberance and exulceration They appeare in the back Armes Thighes Brest viz. places through which the most notable Arteries and veins doe passe Seldom in the face because the cold air repels the matter from thence There appears no prick in the middle of them and so they are distinguished from flea-bitings The CAUSE is the thinner part of the putrid humor which makes that they soone vanish 'T is driven forth by the expulsive faculty Seldom critically seeing they commonly shew themselves at the beginning without any remarkable evacuation alwaies for the most part Symptomatically and by how much they are more plentiful they do the more signifie the abundance of corrupt matter in the Body The CURE is Hazardous if the spots are many because they shew that there is much matter If they be few and accompained with sings of Natures weakness If they disappear because 't is a sign they strike in again If they come forth slowly because it argues grossness of matter or compactness of the Skin 'T is Performed 1. By withdrawing the matter effected by blood-letting which must be practised before the fourth day Lenitives being premised to loosen the Belly to which a little Camphire may be added if blood be drawn later the Patient wil be over weakened 2. By Expelling the same with Sudorificks resist malignity premisiug if you please such noyntings as may open the pores In this case Bezar stone is good and emulsions of Navew and Citron seeds with Carduus Water and Syrup of Citrons The Bones Blood horns and Skin of the Rhinocerote c. 3. By Roborating the Faculties with Emulsions of Corals and Pearles Confectio Alkermes c. 4. Somtimes also by Revelling the Humor to the external Parts by Vesicatories if the external parts are cold there be Head-ach ravings Convulsions c. If the Patient be loose bellyed we must not stop the loosness unless it be too excessive The
pressed from ful ripe olives it affords nourishment sutable to our Natures and is fit to correct the bad quallities of other meats and of herbs Also it molifies and loosens the Belly it takes away al Asperity it helps such as are bruised and mitigates pain 3. Juice of unripe grapes Citterns Lemmons and of Crabs which the French and Itallians much use doe coole bind and helpe the extravagant longings of women Hereunto belongs Vinegar which is extream cold and pierceing The eagerness thereof is blunted with a peice of toasted bread wine raisons elder flowers roses sugar and such like things T is hurtful for mellancholly persons and women that are subject to mother fits IV. Honey is of an hot nature saving that which is white and seems convenint for healthy people It easily turns to choller and therefore it is neither fit for hot natures nor hot parts otherwise it has a power to clense and resist putrefaction Mead is made hereof IV. In the Fourth place we reckoned BREAD of which in respect of the Matter and waies of making there are sundry differences I. In Respect of Matter I. Such as is necessary 1. It is made of fine flower and which is most nourishing to the Body 2. That which is made of bolted meal and finest flower being taken away and is next in goodness to the former 3. Houshould bread which is made of the finer sort of bran and nourishers less than the former but descends better through the belly because of the branniness 4. Of Courser bran which nourishes least of al but goes soonest through the belly 5. Bread of altogether which nourishes very wel and soone passes through the belly 6. Barley bread which if it be made of the most excellent barly is the less inferior to wheaten bread if of loose and light barly it is like the wheaten bran bread 7. Rye bread which if it be black and heavy it burthens the eater is of sad and thick juice and breeds stones in the kidneys II. In respect of the matter prepared and quallified it is 1. Leavened bread which is lighter and sooner destributed than the unleavened 2. Vnleavened bread which is of a contrary Nature 3. Soure leavened which is also hard to digest and lies heavy upon the stomach 4. Salted bread which is lighter than the unsalted 5. Vnsalted bread which is apt to breed obstructions I shal not speak of Saffron-bread Eye-bread Butterd-bread Cheese-bread Sugard-bread Hereto belong the parts of bread 1. The Crum of which that which has been here said of bread is to be understood 2. The upper crust which drinks up moisture in the body and sharpens the Heat thereof but if it be scorched and burnt it breeds adust humors and black choler 3. The Lower Crust which is of like nature with the former II. In Respect of the preparation bread is 1. Savory in which the leaven and salt are wel mingled 2. Vnsavory or tastless which is contrary wise ordered 3. Wel Kneaded which is neither too littl not too much but moderately wrought 4. Ill kneaded which obstructs pufs up burthens the stomach 5. Baked in an Oven which Because its throughly bak't is the best of al others 6. That which is baked on tiles or in a portable oven which because it is not so wel baked in the bottom is worse than the former 7. That which is back't on a gridiron or on the hearth is bad because the outer parts are scorched and the inner parts are dough-bak'd 8. Bak't under the ashes or embers from which it receives a bad quallity 9. Biscoct or Bisket which is drying and if made of fine flower it affords very little excrement 10. New Bread which if hot causes thirst and breeds winds and suffocations if cold t is wholsom to feel on if it be two or three days old t is hard of digestion because of its dryness 11. Old bread which is hard and moldy breeds a melancholly humor and binds the belly 12. A Great Loafe because the fire has not sufficiently digested the moisture thereof lies heavy upon the stomach and raises wind 13. A Little Loafe because it is more than ordinarily crusty round about produces adust blood as the material cause and makes the Body dry 14. A Loafe of a middling size which is most commended 15. Light and spungy which nourishes lightly and makes no obstructions in the bowels 16. solid and heavy which is worse than the former 17. The best bread therefore is that which is made of fine white wheat meal the wheat being ripe not very new grown in a fat soil not infected with moaths dust cockel darnel or frost not wet with rain or musty with keeping being wel kneaded leavened and salted V. In the first place we are to consider of the TIME OF EATING which varies according to the several Customs of natures The Hebrewes seem to have eaten twice a day Among the Greekes even so long as since Homers daies their times of eating were distinguished into dinner and supper The latter Grecians did eat oftener The Romans had their Breakfast dinner after noones bever their Supper and Rere-supper Our Age followes the Custom of the Romans yet thousands there are that content themselves with a dinner and supper only And so much may suffice to have spoken of meats They that would know more besides Galen of the faculties of meats let them consult Morellus upon Schola Salerni Bruyerinus of Meates Julius Alexandrinus of wholesome diet and Vlisses Aldrovandus de Animalibus Article 3. Of Drink Drink is a thing non-natural restoring the moist substance of Mans Body and quenching his thirst Touching which two things are observable The Necessity thereof to preserve Health and its kinds I. That Drink is necessary for Health is hereby manifest in that it restores the moist substance of our Bodies which daily wasts away it quenches natural thirst it carries the fat and thick moisture through the narrow passages it causes the mixture digestion and liquefaction of meats in the stomach and prohibits the inflamation of that same fat juice which is ordained to nourish the Body II. The kinds of drink are 1. Water 2. Wine 3. Beer and Ale 4. Mead. 5. Liquors made of Apples Peares and such like fruits I. Touching water two things are considerable viz ' its differences and Correction I. In respect of the Differences water is either 1. Raine water which it stormy and cloudy is condemned if it come down with thunder it is exceeding light and thin because the Sun drinks up and draws out the most subtil parts yet is it impure and subject to putrefaction because divers vapors drawen up by the heat are mixed with the Raine 2. Snow and Ice-water which because the most subtile and light parts are dissipated is thick and hurts the stomach and breeds greivous diseases of the joints nerves and bowells 3. Water gathered in Cisterns which has much setlings is slow in passage oftentimes has a strong
and more windy 8. Rostock beer which quenches thirst expells the Urine nourishes little and is good in the summer time 9. Servestan beer which hangs long in the hypochondria and sometimes causes sharpness of Urine 10. Newburg beer in Thuringia which is wel boyled and nourishes if it be taken too plentifully it causes dimness of sight some have grown blind by too much use thereof 11. Erfurt beer which conduces very much to health 12. Torgave beer which breeds good blood and by its aromatical tast strengthens the principle members 13. Wittenberg beer which is like the Rheue beer being ill-boyled 14. Rauschenburge beer which is commended against the stone 15. Paderborn beer which breeds thick blood 16. Beer of Brabant Gelder and Zutphen which breeds the scurvy 17. Flanders-beer which is very commendable especially their double beer 18. English beer which makes the drinkers fat 19. The Rhemsh beer which is for the most part base and hurtful 20. Colen beer which is better than that of Brabant I pass over the differences taken from the vessels which also change the faculties They are kept sometimes in pitched sometimes in unpitched vessells Mead and Metheglin do for the most part Heat more than wine especially if spices be added thereunto But it easily turns to choler because of the Honey Chap. 2. Of non-natural things done by a Man NOn-natural things which are done are passions of the Mind Motion and rest of the Body sleepe and waking which are of great moment towards the preservation or violation of Health Touching affections of the Mind and their Action upon the Body these things are cheifly to be observed 1. That Moderate affections preserve health and make no change in the Body 2. Such as pass their bounds oft times disorder the body and sometimes bring sudden Death 3. If you consider the good Affections or passions 1. Love if it exceed because it vehemently inflames the spirits in the Heart endeavouring to draw the thing beloved to it self and therfore sending the spirits forth to meet it does often times cause palpitation of the Heart sometimes madness fainting c. 2. Cheerfulness if it be moderate recreates the Heart and vital spirits if it be sudden and in too great a quantity it so dissipates the spirits which the Heart therein sends into the outward members because of its over great dilatation that it oftentimes brings death 3. In Evil Affections or Passions 1. Sadness by little and little dissolves the spirits cooles and dries the body spoiles digestion causes watching and breeds melancholy diseases 2. Fear dissolves the strength of the Body by reason of the sudden recourse of the Heat Blood and spirits into the outward parts causes a smal pulse with refrigeration of the external parts and is sometimes the cause of sudden gray haires even in young Men. 3. Anger in which the Spirits and Blood do as it were boile in the Heart and are violently moved from the inner to the outward parts it agitates the spirits and Humors Heats the whol body and breeds Fevers Tremblings of the joints and Palpitations of the Heart do often invade angery persons Also women are thereby brought into danger of Abortion Anger hardly ever kild any body because the Spirits are therein freely and forcibly moved if any died upon occasion of anger of necessity there was some other natural disorder in the body II. That Motion is necessary for Health is hence apparent in that by encreasing natural Heat it furthers Nutrition by moving and agitateing the Spirits it discusses vapors and excrements it makes the body after a sort hardy by adding solidity to the parts by their mutual Attrition Now according to its Differences it works diversly upon the Body of Man The best is that which exercises al parts of the body alike The next to that is whereby al parts are moved but not equally the lightest of al is that which exercises one only part I. Two much Motion exhausts the spirits and solid parts cooles the whole body dissolves the strength of the Muscles Nerves and Ligaments and hurts the Eye-sight II. Swift motion renders the body thin and compacted III. Slow motion rarifies and encreases the Flesh IV. Vehement motion makes the body hard lively but leane withal V. Continued and equable Motion because the members are weakened thereby as being much it wearies the more VI. Vnequal motion because it is parted with spaces of rest wearies less VII Distinguished and ordinate motion brings less wearyness since Interruption brings rest and the rest is cause of less wearyness VIII In hot places it burns more in moist places it moistens because the bodies being rarified by exercise are most readily disposed to receive al the qualitie of the Air and Places IX Among motions caused by a mans self I. Leaping without Intermission stirs up natural heat but hurts the Head by concussion and the Breast by compression while the back is bowed Leaping on high is good for the Hips but bad for the breast Downwards to leap clenses the Head from superfluities and strengthens the things With Springing it is good for old Diseases of the Head and brings matter which tends upwards downe into the lower parts 2. Running if it be Vehement is good for Fat and moist bodies but it is bad for such as are troubled with any kind of Head-ach If Running be moderate it excellently warms the Body excites appetite and though at first it move defluxions yet it afterwards in tract of time stops them A long course fore right by little and little performed diffuses the flesh but renders the bodies thicker Backward if it be gentle it is good for the Head Eyes stomach Loins A Circular motion distends the flesh and belly and very much offends the Head uphil t is bad for the Breast and thighs Downhil it very much affects the head it shakes the bowels troubles weake hips upon plain ground it does al that has been said The body being covered by moving sweat it moystens and heats the flesh but it makes the bodys il colored because the pure air does not come at them to clense the same The body being naked it draws out great plenty of sweat it brings away the humors in invisible exhalations and does more burne the body 3. To excercise ungirt by hurling a weight by reason of the vehement straining to throw the same the vehemency of the motion and bending of the muscles does make limbes to grow firme and purges them from excrements but this excercise must not be used by such as have weake Breasts and Kidneys 4. Darting is useful to get a good habit of Body and therefore Aesculapius and Apollo were thought to be the first Masters of darting 5. Moderate walking abroad continued without resting makes the body pure it helps defluxions and suppression of the courses Swift walking does heat much and abates the greatness of the flesh Slow walking is convenient for ancient and weake people because it
the nature of the disease if the patient beare it not wel It is bad if it happen before the state nature being provoked by malignity or plenty of matter if it were foreshewen to be such in the Indicatory day howbeit many times it comes suddenly if other things are present contrary to the best kind of Crisis Where observe 1. Oft times in a bad Crisis the patient seems to be better yet presently after he fals into a bad condition because the signs of amendment were not wel grounded 2. Somtimes in deadly sicknesses the patient being strong for one bad and simply deadly Crisis many evil imperfect ones happen in which unstable rudiments of Coction appeare before the patient come to die 3. The Prognostications of the Crisis in reference to death are unstable VI. The times of the suture Crisis are knowen 1. By the signs of Coction and crudity which must necessarily appeare upon some Indicatory or decretory day The crisis wil happen upon the fourth day If a signe therof appear on the first day or on the seventh day if the signe be on the fourth 2. By such signs as the idea magnitude and manners of the disease afford of which we spake before 3 By the signs of the times of diseases for a perfect Crisis happens not before the state but the imperfect Crisis does the deadly crisis happens also in the beginning or augment 4. By the critical signs which you had before Title II. Of The Causes of Diseases Chap. 1. Of the internal Causes in general ANother preternatural disorder which afflicts the Body of man is the cause of a disease and that is external or Internal But seeing the latter is an effect of the former or rather does therewith much conduce to produce the disease I shal therefore only define the internal The internal Cause of a disease is that which being bred and inherent in the Body of Man does preternaturally affect the same Touching which we are to consider its signs Causes and Differences I. The signs of causes are taken in general 1 From their proper tokens viz. tast colour and motion 2. From a concourse of common signs which are taken from the Antecedents and Consequents or evident causes and from the dispositions of the Body and Symptomes II. The Causes of the internal Cause are the things nonnatural Aire Meate Drink Motion and Rest Sleepe and watching Things voided and retained and Passions of the mind as far forth as they have power to disorder the Body And to that end time is requisite as also proportion between the agent and patient Fitness of the Body and Contact III. As for their differences the internal Causes are reduced to the Humors Winds and things totally besides nature Chap. 2. Of the Internal Causes of Diseases in special Article I. Touching Humors Point 1. Concerning Humor 's offending in Quantity or a Plethora so called THe first kind of internal Causes are the Humors and they are wont to offend in Quantity Quality Motion Place and in their whole substance Humors offending in Quantity are termed Plethora which is nothing else but a superabundance of Humors fit to nourish the Body which arise from their Causes Humors nourishing the body of man are contained in the mass of blood viz. Blood Cholor Flegm and Melancholly These being turned into the substance called cambium do nourish such parts as are of kin to themselves and communicate to them as much health as themselves are Masters of The signs of Plethora are wearyness because the blood not being ventilated settles into the lower parts Thick breathing after very smal Labor the Muscles of the Chest being laden with blood Swelling of the veins Distension of the Muscles carnosity of the Bodies habit Deep sleeps ruddyness of the face c. The Causes are good nourishment which affords good juice The Liver hot and moist which makes it Idleness evacuations stopt cutting off of some member Use of unwonted bathings after meate The Differences are I. One is Exquisite when either al the Humors are encreased keeping their due proportion and equality viz so that the blood be in a double proportion to flegm and flegm double to cholor or only blood alone or two or three of the rest exceed blood also not keeping its proportion 'T is knowen by the signs forementioned It arises also from the causes aforesaid Another is bastard when plenty of bad juices is joined with abundance of the natural humors 'T is knowen by the signs of a Plethora joined with those of a cacochimia and it arises from the causes of both II. One is termed ad vasa or in respect of the vessels which does not oppress the strength because it increases equally with the flesh blood but it distends the coates of the vessels by its plenty to which the things aforesaid agree Another ad visis when the Humors so encrease that they cannot be governed nor digested by the feeble strength of the Patient 'T is knowen hereby that the blood is not very good there is heaviness and Inequality of the pulse with signs of crudity and putrefaction beginning Point 2. Of Humors offending in Quality or Cacochymia so called CAcochymia is the presence of il humors in the Body of Man springing from their Causes It s Subject is the Body of Man 1 Both in respect of the Veins Arteries and Nerves as also of things without 2. Also in respect of the Region of the Belly which includes the stomach mesaraick veins hollow-part of the liver the spleen and sweetbread 3. And of the Venous region which containes the convex part of the Liver with the vena cava the greater Artery and al their branches between the Armpits and the Groines Also the Habit of the body which includes the muscles membranes Bones in a word the whol bulk of the body The signs are to be fetcht from the differences which follow Hereunto pertains the motion of certaine daies which is neither critick nor symptomatick but natural which is measured by certain daies and hours and is so punctual that it may contend with the Clocks The Causes the six non natural things of which we spake before 'T is variously dvided I. One sort is from Cholor which is a preternatural humor hot and drie preternatural I say because it is distinguished both from the more hot part of the Mass of Blood which is bred of the hotter and thinner part of chyle as also from natural excrementitious cholor which is collected in the Gal-bladder and colours the dung 'T is knowen by the amplitude of the veins by reason of Heat enwidening the same by depravation of the concoction through superfluity of heate defire of drink more then of meat vehement pulse sleep little or none leane habit yellow colour of the Body by its motion from third day to third day and that about noon It arises from an hot and dry constitution of body youths age watchings anger overgreat exercise of the Body meates
hot and dry fat and sweet 'T is divided 1. Into Vitelline resembling the yolke of an Egg which springs from yellow chollor adust and is thick by reason that the wheyish part is consumed by heat is sometimes voided by healthy persons turns to black chollor if it be burned 2. Into that which is termed porracea or Leeke coloured which is bred for the most part in the stomach of herbs apt to corrupt through crudity and oft times in the veines of vitelline choler 3. Into Aeruginous or verdigreise color'd choler which by a most intense Heat is bred in the Liver Veins and stomach 4. Isatidea or woad-colored choler which resembles woad being bred of the former more adust II. Another from Flegm which is a preternatural Humor cold and moist I cal it preternatural to distinguish it both from the colder part of the mass of blood as also from that flegm wherewith the stomach Guts Lungs Limbs and Brain are plastered 'T is known by the softness whitness of the body and by crudeness of the stools By Urine Crude White sometimes thin and somtimes thick by appetite of more than can be digested by its daily motion and that towards the Evening It arises from meats Crude and cold unseasonable drinking and cold distemper of the bowels From retaining of Excrements by idleness long sleep c. 'T is divided 1. Into Insipid or Tastless which follows crudity in the stomach through want of digestion and makes the body of a leaden color 2. Acid which is of the same nature with the former 3. Salt which arises from salt and wheyish moisture consists of parts both hot and cold causes thirst salt tasts in the mouth and gnawings 4. Vitrea like glass in substance and color it is extream cold and very clammy and raises most cruel gripeings when it is detained in the Body III. Another is from Melancholy whiâ—â— is a preternatural Humor cold and dry I say preternatural to difference it both from the colder and dryer part of the blood which is produced in the Spleen out of the colder and dryer part of Chyle drawn by the Ramus Splenicus of Vena porta before it enters into the Liver to nourish the Spleen and grosser parts as also from the natural excrementious sort which because it can by no means be turned into Aliment it is cast out of the Spleen partly by the Hemorrhoid veins partly by the splenick Arteries sometimes comes as far as the stomach c. 'T is known by the Leaden color and blacknes of the Urine Suppression of the Hemorhoids flatulency and belching overgreat appetite sadness silentness troublesome dreams leanness of the Body hardness and leaden color thereof and its motion from four to four about midnight It arises from meats of thick juice Beef Coleworts Fish upon which a drying not burning beat does work From Air cold and dry consuming the thinner parts especially if an hot and dry Summer went before by suppression of the Hemorrhoides or other melancholick evacuations c. 'T is divided into dilate or thin which is known by abundance of Urine and sweating anights Thick which is known by the obstructions of melancholick people Blackcholer which arises from heat burning the blood choler or melancholy juice And it is somtimes sharp somtimes tastless somtimes so austeer and harsh as to dissolve the flesh and being poured upon the ground to make the Earth ferment and work IV. Another from a serous Humor which is nothing but a thin and salt watry Humor affecting the body by its plenty and quality 'T is known by plenty of Urine and swear somtimes by a wandring pain because in regard of its thinness 't is easily carried up and down and it easily grows hot by an extraneous Heat By the sudden going away and coming again of diseases somtimes by swelling of the Belly c. It arises from meats moist and watry also from good meats and in persons recovering from sickness by reason of the wasting and languishing of the stomachs Heat By detention of serositness by reason of the expuisive â—â—â—â—ties weakness through obstruction of thâ— other bowels or constriction of the pores through external cold fault of the spleen c. To this Humor only of al others there is somtimes joyned a Colliquation or melting of the bodies substance which happens either in Famin through wasting of the natural Heat and turning the radical moisture and flesh into a vaporous humidity or in case of bad diet when the aliment not being surable nor familiar to the body is not assimilated into the substance thereof whence the former Colliquation follows 'T is divided into that which is mild which is nothing but the thinner part of the blood and sharp which has attain'd its saltness from adustion Point 3. Of Humors offending in their Motion Place and whole Substance I. Humors offending in Motion are the very same forasmuch as they flow into the parts either by means of Attraction or Transmission Those parts are either the weaker and ordained for no remarkable action either by Nature as the loose soft and thin woven or through some sickly constitution or the more liable which have some connexion with the part sending and waies wide and large by which they receive the Humors or lie under the sending part The Cause of the Motion is 1. Attraction through heat caused from without or through pain For the pained part grows hot by plenty of spirits sent to it Nature endeavouring to drive away the Cause of the pain fils the pain'd part with blood and spirits finally pain weakens the part and makes it most fit to receive the Humors 2. Transmission either from the whol body or the venous tribe or from some parts namely when their expulsive faculty is strong the waies open and the matter plentiful Yet it somtimes notwithstandind happens that the Humors being accumulated in their vessels begin of their own accord to be moved and rush violently into some one part according to the nature of its scituation and conveniency of Vessels Now those Humors are most of al moved which are most thin and sharp as the cholerik II. Humors offending in place are the Humors aforesaid when they are where they ought not to be The Causes are 1. Influx either by attraction or Transmission 2. Congestion which happens either by fault of the part inasmuch as its coctive or â—â—â—ulsive faculties do not their duties or tâ—â—â—gh fault of the Nutriment when it is vitious and such as to cause such great quantity of Excrements or when gross matter is produced which resists the expulsive faculty III. Humors offending by their whol substance are those which having gained within the body a peculiar corruption they do after an hidden manner and by their whol substance affect the same Understand both preternatural excrementitious Humors and natural excrementitious Humors retained as seed clotters of blood menstruous blood The Signs are the sudden invasion of malignant symptomes as
we not over do And we must know that 't is alwaies more safe in a doubtful proportion to fal rather too short than to exceed Touching this matter take these rules 1. Infirmities which have taken deep root need stronger remedies than such as are slight 2. In a mild infirmity we must do al at once and suddenly and so we must in an extream and dangerous sickness because it quickly finishes its course and quickly kils 3. In indifferent and cronick diseases we must endeavour to expel them by little and litle and slowly but we must withal take heed least while we go about to quench a mighty flame with a smal Quantity of water we mâ—ke the fire burn the faster II. The Time respects 1. Seasonableness of which note 1. That we must then act when the Patient can best bear it 2. That the motion of nature must be alwaies furthered unless it be dangerous 3. Turgent humors must be drawn out the self same day 4. About the beginnings and ends of Diseases stronger medicines may be given because then al the symptomes are weaker in the state it is better to rest because then al is at the height 5. The Constitutions of the Heavens that is to say both the Conjunctions Risings and Settings of the Stars as also the great changes of times especially in cronical sicknesses are to be considered c. II. Method or good order in the plurality of things to be done Here observe 1. That disjoyned Diseases do require distinct Remedies so that they may be cured either severally or both together 2. That connex and complicated diseases if they consent may be cured either together or apart and you may begin with which you please and if they dissent we must oppose both with a kind of mediocrity if they partly agree and partly disagree we must begin with that which though the Cure of it do not help yet it hinders not the Cure of the other 3. In al diseases whether they be disjoyned or conjoyned respect must be had above al things both of that which urges and of the Cause or Concomitancy so that we must first cure that which urges most and that upon which the rest depend Under the Motion of Causality or Concomitancy come both al Impediments without the removal whereof no Cure proceeds as also the Foments upon which the other hurts being linked and chained together do depend in their production Now that is said to Vrge which exceeds the other hurts of the body either in magnitude and malignity or in the vehemency and celerity of the the hurt they do III. Touching the Place these things are observable 1. That the inclination of nature and conveniency of the Vessels must be observed 2. That the matter must be voided the nearest way by ignoble parts by a natural channel and by waies cleer and direct But of these things God-willing I wil treat most methodically and accurately in my Syntagona Chap. 3. Of the abstractive Method in Special and first of the taking away of Causes Article I. Of the taking away of Causes which offend in Quantity THe Taking away of Causes respects both Humors offending in Quantity Quality Motion and Place and likewise winds themselves of which notwithstanding they are not so exactly to be considered and by themselves but that they may somtimes be complicated together The taking away of Causes which offend in Quantity is performed by Blood-letting Frictions Fasting Bathing Haemorrhoides Monthly Courses Scarification Cupping-glasses and Horse-leaches I. Touchig Blood-letting these things occur considerable 1. Whether it is to be done or no. I. A Vein is not to be opened 1. If the forces of the body languish as being changed by Fevers long diseases distemper of the ambient air or other things some venemous quality immoderate evacuation of Humors Labour Grievous Pain and passions of the Mind 2. If a Woman be sickly and of a whitish color 3. If it be a child because its heat is apt to dissipate 4. If the Patient be over fearful 5. If the disease be in its highest vigor which attains the Crisis 6. If a crude distemper afflict without fault in the blood and it may otherwise be amended 7. If crude juyces abound in the whol Body especially in the Summer time the stomach being weakned the body soft and a fever be joyned 8. If a crude and cold juyce afflict the mouth of the stomach whence an heart-burning proceeds by reason of the vicinity of the Heart 9. If boyling juyces abound in the whol body which wast the Spirits and being carried into the stomach Cause a deliquium 10. If venemous diseases afflict the body 11. If a critical Evacuation were sufficient II. A vein may be opened 1. If the forces of the body languish being oppressed 2. If the disease be great which afflicts vehemently for a short time with a feverish heat and working of the blood 3. Yea in a person of seventy years of Age provided the pulse be considerable and the nature of the disease and plenty of blood require the same 4. Also in a Woman with child both in the first and last months if shee have an accute disease II. We are to consider at what time a vein is to be opened Touching which observe 1. That such diseases as are caused by a plethora in them a veine must presently be opened at any hour of day or night before it transfer it self into some noble part and the strength of the body come to languish 2. In feavers it must be done in the times of Remission and Intermission 3. If the greatness of the disease require not hast the best time is to open a veine in the morning an houre after the patient has been awake 4. When we would reiterate blood-letting for evacuations sake we must do it the same day III. How much blood is to be taken I. where observe I. Blood may be more freely taken away 1. When the Forces of the patients Body are lively 2. From Persons of a rosey-color of a thick and yellow habit of body haveing large veines and being formerly accustomed co blood-letting 3. In a vehement and great disease when the forces are vigorous we may let blood til the patient swoun howbeit we are not ordinarily to stay so long but when the color of the patient changes and his pulse growes weaker and when the blood runs with a lesser streame than before unless fat or some other gross matter hinder it then we must cause it to be stopped II. It is more sparingly to be diminished 1. In an impure plethora 2. In a melancholick plethora because it is not so hot as to require cooling 3. In a flegmatick plethora because the humor being exceeding cold is made more crude by blood-letting 4. In children and old people specially in the Summer 5. When the forces are discomfited and the disease is urgent for then it must be taken away by peecemeal at sundry times II. Frictions
Sweats and Baths do lessen the quantity of humors because they raise that which dissipates and dissolves the substance of our body III. Tasting does the same because nothing is rest ored in the Room of what is dissipated through restraint of food Because it equally evacuates the whol body it ought to be used in an universal cacochymia Because it operates too slowly it is unuseful for a sudden evacuation Also old persons can better beare it then children Cholerick and leane persons cannot endure it long IV. External Hemerohoides or a portion of the hemorrhoidal veines are used to diminish plenitude and for the diseases of the kidnyes womb back and hip They must be opened by frictions Leeches Fig-leaves rough cloaths juyce of Onions Centaury c. The internal are opened by clysters and sharp suppositories to cure hypochondriacal distempers of the Liver spleen and Mesentery V. The Courses are to be moved then when naturally they use to flow IV. Cupping-glasses are applied when blood is not very plentiful in the Body Their greatest use is in Revulsion They are conveniently fastened to the Armes of women with child If their use respect the whol body they must be applied to the inferior parts if they respect any part they must be applied to the same part VII Scarification if it supply the place of blood-letting it is practised cheifly upon the thighes yet sometimes upon the Arms and Back and so it revells from the Head If it be used upon its own account it is to avoid a malignant and sharp matter which is practised in the Gangren and in Callosities or Calous disorders VIII Leeches if they are applied to evacuate the whol body they must be applied to the great and prominent veins which are in the Armes and thighs In women with child they are applied only to the Arms. Article 1. Of the Removal of Causes which offend in the Quality Point 1. Of alteration The Removal of the Causes offending in Quality consists in Alteration Purgation Vomiting Urining and sweating Alteration is the contemperation of Causes offending in quality by convenient remedies And it is so many fold as there are causes or humors And therefore I. Choler because it offends in Heat and drouth needs cooling and moistning and if it be withal thick it needs it cision and attenuation if thin incrassation or thickening See the Medicaments before Now for their more convenient use we must observe 1. That Infusions are best in the water so that the decoction be made til a third part of the liquor only remaine 2. If a flux happen to rise we must forbear the use of sharp medicaments least they bite and vâ—x the Guâ—ts yet may we use syrup of red Corants Barberies II. Flegm because it is cold and moist requires hearing and drying and if it be withal thick and clammy it needs cutting and attenuation The Medicaments we formerly recited Touching their use observe these rules 1. Abstaine from such as are very hot at the beginning least the matter being melted should swel with greater motion and the thin parts being consumed the thick should remaine behind And therefore they ought to be put green into decoctions in their defefect cold things ought to be mingled with the dry ones 2. Stong openers ought to be avoided in a woman with child 3. Because where flegm is troublesome there the stomach languishes to those that are not accustomed we must give them their drinks actually hot 4. If you would have the remedies penetrate the most distant parts of the body and carry their virtues with them they must be given boiled or beaten in broath of Guajacum with a great Quantity of Liquor III. Melancholy in which we must abstaine from immoderate use of Vinegar especially if the matter be more fervent than ordinary For black humors do ferment and swel by the admixture of vinegar And therfore if we are to use it we must give Oxymel with a decoction of Citron peels or some such thing IV. If divers Humors are mixed together we must cheifly set our selves against those which are most active not quite neglecting the rest whether within or without the body Which shal be done when the veins are free from obstruction al the passages of the body open the humors not far from a temperature and the noble bowels free from obstruction In opening syrups Heurnius observes this order 1. First syrup of vinegar is given then syrup of the two roots without vinegar then the said syrup with vinegar after that syrup of the five opening roots then Syrups of Byzantinus so called without vinegar and lastly the said syrup with vinegar Point 2. Of Purgation Purgation is a convenient â—â—awing out of Humors offending in quality but yet prepared out of the Body by medicaments which purge by way of stoole I. Those Humors are either smal in quantity or plentyful and either they cause a fever which is vehement or weak or they cause no fever or they wander through the whole body with vehemency of symptomes or not II. By Coction in this subject we do neither understand that which is called pepsis and is a changing of the thing to be concocted into the nature of the Concocter nor is it that coction which is opposed to crudity which is the indigestion of aliment in the stomach liver and veins or humors having passed the mediocrity of Coction as in yellow and black choler nor the redundancy of cold humors but that kind of Coction which is called Pepasmos and is nothing but the reduction of humors disagreeing in substance and qualities corrupt and putrid unto a similitude and the separation of the corrupted from the uncorrupted which is performed by the Efficacy of the Natural Heat separating the profitable from the unprofitable Yet is it not necessary that al humors be concocted For there are humors which are not in a capacity of concoction being severed from the concoction of the blood as in Catarrhs the Colick Flegm Hydropical water and such as offend by some hidden Quality III. Preparation of Humors is twofold 1. To Coction which is performed by removal of all impediments by diminishing the Humors augmenting the natural Heat and repairing the forces of the body 2. To evacuation which is done when the Humors are made fit for expulsion such as are clammy being cut and the thick attenuated the waies being made free and open with clysters emollient broaths and the like IV. Touching Medicaments these things are to be observed 1. That they are either moderate which reach only the inferior parts or vehement which penetrate beyond the liver and into the habit of the body that they are either catholick or universal by which al humors are purged together or such as draw some particular humors and they Choler purges Flegm purges Melancholy purges Water purges 2. That they ought to be addicted and accommodated to the part to be purged And truly Agrick is appropriated to the Head Cassia to the
difference it from derivation which is to near places Where note that those parts besides contrariety must have rectitude of scituation not precisely mathematical but natural in respect of the fibres and filaments of the Veins also in respect of the fibres and veins which are remote from the part affected and have communion with the part sending also following the rectitude of the Diameter and scituation in longitude latitude and altitude II. That the Contrariety aforesaid is either in respect to the whol body as when we revel from the Head to the Thighs or Legs which is done in universal revulsions from the right side to the left or from the left to the right which is termed particular revulsion III. It ought also to be to its own beginning if the same be known So in the inflamation of the right Leg we cut the left The parts above the * See Riolanus Anatomy in English Claviculae being affected if it be already a Disease and the matter flow in the Cephalick Vein must be opened if it be yet to come the vein betwixt the Thumb and fore finger must be opened The Parts between the Kidneys and Claviculae being Affected the Basilica Vein must be opened if there be danger its branches betwixt the ring finger and the midle finger Both parts being affected both above and below the Claviculae open the Vena Mediana For the Kidneys you may take your choice The Ham-Vein Ankle-vein and the Vena Saphena exonerate the parts below the Kidneys Revulsion wil be fitting and convenient 1. If it be performed at the beginnings of fluxions unless they be lasting 2. If by convenient places least the mater be drawn through some noble member 3. If the pain of the part affected be first mitigated and the violence of the Deawing be less II. Revulsion is a convenient rejection of the Influent humor by repelling Medicaments The Rejection wil be convenient if you consider Whether or no How much and When. Touching whether or no observe That Repulsion is not to be used 1. In the noble parts 2. When the fluxion is near a principal part least the matter being repelled should be carried into the noble parts 3. In parts which are scituate too deep in the Body 4. When a venemous and malignant matter afflicts the Patients 5. When the matter is thick and clammy least it become thicker and unapt to to be resolved when it is deeply seated as in the Sciatica least the blood be forced out of the neighboring and ambient muscles deep into the connexity of the parts 6 In case of a wound inflicted by a beast 7. When the body is ful of a redundant humor 8. The humor being already impacted into the Part. 9. When there is a vehement pain For then astringents especially if strong do cause the pain to encrease by exasperating the tunicles and by keeping in biting sooty vapors and sharp humors 10. When Nature acts aright and drives the matter critically into some part 11. When the bowels are affected as in an impostume arising in an Emunctory least a symptomatical translation of the matter should happen Touching How much know 1. That the tender parts wil not bear over strong repellers Therefore in the Eyes we use only brest-milk and Rose-water in which sometimes poppey seeds are boiled and the pap of Apples c. 2. In the Augment repellers must be mixed with discussers lest the humor grow hard or be augmented by stopping the pores of the Skin 3. That cold moist medicines are used when the humor is thin is seated in the surface of the body when fluxions happen through the over hotness of the parts and great heat or vehement pain afflicts the Patient 4. Astringents are used when fluxions are by debility of the parts and there is no vehement pain The time of Repulsion is the Beginning of a disease Point 2. Of Derivation and Interception Derivation is the convenient aversion of an humor falling into some part unto the neighboring places That humor so lies upon some part that it is not yet shed forth of the Veins into the spaces of the part but fluctuates up and down in the Veins Touching the Conveniency hereof note 1. We must not derive before the plenitude of humors be abated 2. So much must be taken away as the Patients strength wil bear and the disease shal require which may be known by the change of color in the Blood For so long it must be taken away til it flow redder and yellower til instead of red it come lead-colored For the blood being flegmatick in the whol body wil be redder than ordinary in the side where there is an Inflamation and that blood which is redder than ordinary in the whol body wil there through adustion be changed into black 3. It must be practised before it be fastened in the part 4. It is done by opening a Vein by Nose-medicines and sneezers if the matter be in the Brain 5. That the Communion of the Veins with the part affected must be observed So in a Phrenzy the Vein of the Forehead must be cut in a Mania or madness without a Fever the Veins under the Tongue in pains of the hinder part of the Head cupping-glasses are fastened to the shoulders and shoulder-blades When the Ears are inflamed and when there are risings behind the Ears a vein under the Ear in hot diseases of the Gums Jaws Lips in the Squinzy the two Veins under the Tongue The Armpits and Shoulders being inflamed the Vein of the Head must be opened the Womb that of the Ham the Legs that of the Feet II. Interception is a shutting up of the passage of Humors into any part by convenient Medicaments Those Medicaments are Repellers For Interception differs not from repulsion save only in the place of application Repellers are applied to the part inflamed intercepters are applied to the parts and waâ—es through which the Humor is carried They are likewise called Defensives Amongst which fatty and oily things are suspected For they soften the parts and if they stick on long they heat the same Therefore it is better to mingle intercepting pouders with Rose-water and the white of an Egg. Interception is then conveniently administred 1. When the Intercepters are applied to the parts that have least flesh in which the passages are most large 2. When we apply such as are strong where the habit of the Body is hard the vessels large and the season hot which loosens and widens the passages also where the Humor flows violently into the part 3. If in contrary Cases we use the milder sort Article 4. Of the Removal of Causes offending in place Point 1. Of Softening and Discussing The Removal of Causes offending in place containes Emollition Discussion Suppuration and Attraction I. Emollition is the alteration of a thick hardened Humor by softening Medicaments An Humor is hardned either by extraordinary or moderate driness or by plenitude or by
be cured from the simples Chap. 2. Of the diseases of Distemper with Matter A Material distemper is the irregularity of the natural temper of Mans Body by the presence of some morbifick matter The Signs wil be known from the following differences The Cause is a preternatural Humor and that is 1. Either collected by little and little either through weakness of the part or fault of the Nutriment 2. Or affluent either by attraction or by reason of transmission either from the whol body or from some certaine parts The Cure is perfected 1. By alteration with Contraries if we consider the disease 2. By evacuation if need be and that by blood-letting if a Plethory be offensive by Purgation if Cacochymia or badness of humors off end by sweat if the matter tend to the skin by vomit if to the upper parts by diureticks if to the Urinary passages III. By opposite diet 'T is divided into so many distempers as the material I. One sort springs from blood or a plethorick Constitution of Body when such humors as are fit to nourish the Body abound c. 'T is knowen by weatiness c. It arises from good Nutriment c. 'T is cured I. By Blood-letting II. By alteration with coolers and moistners especially such as are appropriate to the Liver 'T is divided two manner of waies 1. One sort is from an exquisite plethora to which al the precedent notes agree 2. Another is from a bastard plethora wherein the cure requires purging likewise 3. Another springs from a plethora ad vasa Another from a plethora ad vires of which we spake before II. Another kind springs from excrementitious choler which is hot and dry 'T is hardly cured if it proceed from the yellow choler Never almost if it proceed from leek colored eg-yolk-colored or verdigreise-colored choler c. The Cure is performed 1. By alteration with cooling and moistning medicaments and if it be very thin with thickness if thick by cutters Among the former the cheif are Stalks of Italian Lettices flowers of water lillie Porslain Plantain Tamarinds Jujubees red poppy among the latter the cheif are roots of Cichory Dandilion Sorrel such things as are made of these Spirit of vitriol Salt 2. By evacuation either by bloodletting when cholor is mingled with the blood or by purgation by stool with cholagogues The cheif cholagogues or choler purgers are Rhubarb which is neither to be given alone because it is subject to fume nor to such as are troubled with the strangury tamarinds aloes rosata which is taken only in pils Syrup of the flowers of Acacea of Roses solutive which must not be given to women with child Pils of Ruffi c. By a cooling and moistening diet III. Another is from preternatural flegm which is cold and moist 'T is cured I. By alteration with medicaments hot and dry attenuateing and cutting Where note that we must at first abstain from very hot things lest the matter being dissolved should swel with greater motion and that the thinner parts being consumed the thicker should remain We must avoid strong openers in a woman wth child The strongest of al are Lignum guaiacum China root Sassafras Salsaparilla and Oxymel Scylliticum Hot stomach medicaments are to be interposed because the stomach languishes through overmuch heat II. By evacuation with Phelgm purgers the chief among those indifferently strong are Mechoacanna of which Lozenges are made it works most effectually given in pouder Carthamus seeds and Agarick trochisked Among the stronger are jalap roote given with Cream of Tartar Syrup of Coloquintida and the Pils of Sagapenum of Horstius The Golden spirit of Rulandus III. By blood-letting provided the Heat be not dissipated being expressed with flegm and that there be a plethora IV. By an heating and drying diet let the Aire be hot and dry the meats seasoned with spices let strong wine be used the body being first purged Frequent use of Cappars with wine and raisins IV. Another sort comes from preternatural Melancholly whether thick or dilute or degenerating into black choler 'T is cured I By alteration with heaters and dryers provided it be not black choler The roots of Eryngos Lycorize the Herbes of Ceterach Baume Dodder Flowers of borrage tamarisk Cappars the cordial flowers Syrup of sweet smelling Apples c. Avoid Vinegar and if it must be used give oxymel and a decoction of Citron peels II. By evacuation with Melanagogues or melancholly purgers The cheif are Polipody sena Extract of black hellebore The diet must be heating moistning The Aire must be tempered with a decoction of Mallows and violets let the patients meates be boyled rather than rost Egs soft-boiled flesh of henns calves partriches corants a temperate bath of fresh water c. V. Another Sort comes from Serum or the wheyish humor which is a thin and Salt liquor by its aboundance and quality altering the body of man 'T is cured by evacuation with hydragogues sudorificks Diuriticks c. The cheif Hydragogues are among the indifferently strong the tope of elder when they first shoot forth dried with a gentle heat an emulsion of the stones of elder-berries Orice root Among the strongare Gambogia Jalap Extract of Elatery conserve of Esulâ— pils of Sagapenum The cheif sudorificks are Spirit of dwarfe elder and of elder Salt of Cenâ—ory of worm wood of Ash of Scabious Harts born prepared Antimony diaphoretick bezoardicum jovial Among diucitick are the diuretical liquor and syrup of Rivius in Renodeus his dispensatory Salt of Vrine Amber beanes Spirit of Salt liquor of tarrar Vitriolated half a scruple compounded with half an ounce of Cinnamon water and two ounces of julep of roses VI. Another is compound springing from some of these humors mingled together In the Cure we must so work that we resist cheifly those humors which most of al exercise their efficacy upon the body not neglecting the rest either within or without This wil be done when the veins are free from the obstruction al the passages of the body open the humors not being much distempered and the noble bowels of the Body not diseased Here panchymagoga or al-humor-purgers are to be used and the Imperial pils of Fernelius which may be seen in the London Dispensatory Chap. 3. Of Diseases springing from Hidden qualities DIseases from hidden Qualities are diseases springing from Causes which work by a malignant and venemous force which cannot be judged to spring from the manifest qualities of natural bodies The Signs are when a disease has rare symptoms great ones and such as are not to be seen in other sicknesses no not of the same kind When there has preceeded some suspition either of some great degree of putrifaction arisen in the body or of infected aâ—re or of contagion or of poison either taken in or communicated from without The Cause is various as shal be explained in the differences The Event of the cure is judged of from the
to force especially the laxity or solution of unity of the parts wherein the joynts are contained the Contraction of the Ligaments c. The Curemore easie in children and soft persons 'T is hard if theâ—e be great pain inflamation a wound or dancer of Convulsion If the Luxation be old and hardned with a callus If it happen in childhood and be not cured If it tend to a Consumption through cessation of Motion and Compression of the Vessels If the joynts hurt serve but few different motions If they are departed far from their Cavity If the Brows or edges of the Bones are broken 'T is performed by Reposition oâ— Restoring the joynt to its place which requires 1. Sufficient extension whereby the bone is forced into its place 2. Reposition with ones hand or by common Instrumentes or some devised on purpose 3. By application of astringent Medicaments that inflamation may be prevented 4. By diligent binding with swaths and bolsters 5. By putting it into a gentle posture and so that it may preserve its natural figure The Differences are sundry For I. One sort springs from external Causes a blow a fal violent extention before child-birth and at the time of the birth which ought to be prevented Another from Internal when an humor slipt into the Cavity of the Joynt drives it from its seat II. One is Perfect when the whol Joynt is fallen out of its place which is termed Exarthrema Another is Imperfect when the joynt is slipt only to the brim of the Socket which is termed Pararthrema III. Another is with Inflamation and Pain in which case the pain must first be mitigated the Inflamation asswaged lest by distention of the Nervs a Convulsion arise and afterwards it must be replaced IV. Another is accompanied with a Wound which is the most dangerous especially if the wound be nigh the Joynt and an accute feaver arise Here the Joynt is forthwith to be restored to its place if possible If it cannot be restored we must attend the Cure of the Inflamation to the seventh or ninth day V. Another is with a fracture where the Joynt is first to be restored to its place and the Fracture is to be cured afterwards if it cannot be reposed it is then to be restored when the Callus is bred Title 4. Of Diseases of Vnity dissolved A disease of Vnity dissolved is the loss of that Continuity and Vnity which ought to be in the parts of Mans Body The Causes therof are 1. Such as are Corrosive as al sharp things Causticks and Putrifiers 2. Such things as divide unity either by pricking and stabbing or cutting 3. Things which break as stones Timber c. 4. Things which bray and tear either by replenishing or overstretching 5. Such as burn as things heated in the fire red-hot Irons c. The CURE requires Vnition The Physitians part is to see that nothing betide the part affected which may hinder the same That the Lips may be rightly applyed one to another That the temperament of the part it self may be preserved and that the symptomes which may happen be prevented And forasmuch as among diseases of Unity dissolved the chief are Vlcers Wounds Fractures I must speak somthing of them in general Chap. 1. Of Vlcers AN Vlcer is a solution of Continuity arising in a soft part diminution of Magnitude caused by some fretting and eating matter The Subject is a soft or fleshy part comprehending not only the flesh of the Muscles but that also of which the Guts Bladder c. do consist SIGNS are needless in such as are external the Internal may easily be gathered from the particulars The Times of Ulcers if you consider them at first a watry Sanies thin crude and plentiful flows forth the Symptomes viz. pain itching c. do afflict At the Augment the Symptomes are encreased the Sanies begins to be digested and is lessened in quantity al things are greatest in the State in the declination they are less The CAUSE is either external viz. Caustick medicaments the Contagion of the Whores-pox c. or internal or humors which are either bred in the part affected or flow thither from elswhere which may happen in the spring time or by reason of exercise in cacochy mical Bodies The CURE is difficult if it reach to some noble parts of exquisite sense ful of moisture naturally If it follow other diseases because then nature drives the vitious humors to that part If the Ulcer be great because the external air can work strongly upon it If it be round because the extremities are more hardly reunited If it be old because the bone must needs corrupt If it tend to look green and black for so the Heat of the part affected is extinguished If it run with much sanies thin pale lead-color'd black and stinking If the spleen being in fault it affect the Thighs because thick and Melancholy Humors flowing to the Ulcer hinder its closing 'T is performed I. By Evacuation if the Body be cacochymical II. By Blood-letting if it be plethorick III. By Suppuration when blood shed out of the veins sticks in the pores of the part where note that abstersives are excellently mingled with suppurators lest the Ulcer should become too moist and that nature which then seperates the Excrements may be assisted Among them are Turpentine Oyl of Mastick c. IV. By Abstersion of which I spake but now which is performed by detergent Medicaments V. By generation of flesh with Sarcotick Medicaments And here observe 1. That they ought to be neither strong nor weak lest by the former the ulcer become dry the flesh be consumed bloody liquors be voided and by the latter the flesh grow flaggy and too great abundance of sanies be collected 2. That moist medicaments be applied to the softer Bodies yet so as that Plaisters Oyntments Liniments be so soft that they be not melted with Heat of the part and breed flesh too loose and unlike that wich is beneath Pouders must be put upon hard and dry bodies VI. By Introduction of a scar by epulotick medicaments Where observe That they ought to have a drying faculty both actually and potentially They are then to be applyed when the Ulcer is nor quite ful of flesh lest if it be put to it when 't is ful seeing the flesh does stil grow the Scar becomes more extuberant The Differences of Ulcers are sundry I. One is great little long short streight crooked Aequal in which the flesh is equally consumed in al the particles of the part affected Vnequal which is contrarily disposed Superficial Profound External Internal II. Another is with a Distemper I. Either hot which is known by Redness of the Flesh in the Ulcer it self 2. By feeling of Heat Pain by reason of the acrimony and biting nature of the excrements It arises from hot Air too great a Quantity of Swaths and Cloaths over hot medicaments 'T is cured by coolers which are withal Pain-asswagers
Serpentary root Centory Fig-Ashes Unguentum Apostolorum Agyptiacum By opening the Fistula which being done the Callus must be taken off with a pen-knife or with a red hot iron the part being guarded with a defensative III. By Consolidation the filth being cleansed away by Centory pimpinel c. As for what concerns the differences 1. Some have divers holes or Cavities and then more quittor flows out than can be contained in one Cavity 2. Others have divers orificies and then if the liquor squirted in by the syring flow back through al and if the humidity be of the same coler t is but one Fistula 3. Another terminates upon flesh then that which we touch with the probe is soft and the quittor that comes forth is white 4. Another reaches to the nerve then pain is felt when we search it 5. Another bottoms at the bone and then that which we touch with the probe is hard 6. Another ends upon a Vein and Arterie and then if they be gnawen asunder blood breaks forth if not a certain matter like lees or dregs comes out Chap. 2. Of Wounds A Wound is the solution of Vnity in a soft part made by somewhat sharp and cuting either by way of a prick or stab or by way of a slash or gash The Subject is a soft part and that either external or internal c. There need no Signs The Cause is expressed in the definition The Cure is none if the Heart be wounded so that the vital spirits be dissipated if there be a vessel in the Lunges out of which blood being shed overwhelms the Heart If some great internal vessel be so hurt that it cannot be shut up whereupon blood being plentifully shed the spirits are dissipated Doubtful if the weapon were poisoned if the wounded person be weak and ful of bad humors if an inflamation happen in the inner more nervous parts and such as have more exquisite sence which is followed by an afflux of humors and sometimes by a Gangreen 'T is difficult if it be joined with a Cachexy and dropsy because overmuch moisture hurts the cure If it be purged out with difficulty If it be complicated with other diseases If it be in a part apt to receive a Conflux of humors If it have in it some extraneous thing which cannot at first be drawen forth If on the Critical daies to which wounds are so far subject inasmuch as they have in them some matter requiring Concoction there is no change to the worse If the wound be oblique or circular If convulsion happen or contusion be also present 'T is performed I. By exemption of superfluous things Where note 1. Clotters of blood must be taken away only at the third binding because by stopping the Orifice of the veins they hinder a flux of blood 2. Those broken bones are only to be taken forth which are perfectly free 3. The weapon must be pulled forth if the patient may live when that is done 4. That the weapon may be taken out either by thrusting them along if the passage be short and neither bone nerve nor veine prohibit or by extraction and both waies are performed either with section or without the same those things which cannot otherwise be removed must be brought out with drawing medicaments nor must they be by any meanes left to Nature II. By conjunction of the Lips of the Wound where respect must be had to the manner of binding up and to which belongs swathing placing of bolsters slipping and the right placing of the part tied up III. By Digestion that the blood which flows out of the smallest veins in the part wounded and sticks in the pores of the part may as soon as possibly be changed into quittor Where observe 1. That in moist bodies vulgar moisteners must warily be used least putrifaction being induced the wound should turne to a sordid ulcer 2. In dryer bodies they are more profitable to correct the dryness 3. That Digestives must be corrected with sarcoticks and that we must not trust to one medicament See the Medicaments which move quittor in the Institutions This is the best Red clear terpentine and Gum Elemi of each one ounce and an half Weathers grease two ounces old Hogs-grease one ounce Melt al over the fire and make a Liniment 4. By Conglutination of the Parts which is performed either by a medium of the same kind in the soft and fleshy parts in which plenty of blood by strong heat is more easily changed into flesh or by a Callus in the bones or by a scar in the skin Which is furnished by sarcotick medicaments of which in another place also by vulnerary potions concerning which observe That they are not to be used at the beginning nor when external medicaments may serve the turn and when there is a fever and Inflammation those things must alwaies be used which are appropriated to the parts Hereunto appertain The Vulnerary Balsom of Hartmannus in his chymiatria the glutinatory pouder of Crabs Balsam of Eare wax and Rulandus his balsam of sulphur 5. By averting the fluction where we are to use 1. Blood-letting if the body be plethorick If the blood did not issue out two much before If the wound be great and there be no inflammation caused by pain 2. Purgation if the body be ful of bad humors if the humors be thin hot and cholerick least they make the blood apt to stir If it be used at the beginning If there be no fever withal The Differences of wounds are sundry 1. One is of the Vessels and that either of a Veine and then the blood Issues more violently and it is thicker blacker and less hot or of an Artery and then the blood is yellow hot and thin the patients strength is much spent by reason of loss of spirits t is hardly cured by reason of the hardness of the Arteries their perpetual motion and the force of the blood in them contained The Cure calls for the stoppage of blood which is performed 1. By joining together the Lips of the wounded vessel either with a mans fingers or a swat he by which means nevertheless the blood wil hardly be stopped By stopping the Orifice of the Vessel either by application of ones finger or by medicaments which stop blood The external medicaments are Crepitus Lupi a kind of puckfist or toadstool so called vitriol poudered and put in a cloath the pouder of Agricola consisting of two drams of Sugar of Lead White franckincense red myrrh one dram of Saffron and Camphire poudered wet with Frogs-spawn water dried at a gentle fire put into the wound Internal medicaments see in the Chapter of bleeding at the nose 3. By Revulsion with blood-letting divers times administred or by Cupping glasses if the patient be weak 4. By Interception with intercepting medicaments which ought to be applied to the vessels by which the blood flows 5. By dissolution of the blood after it is congealed and clottered
speak somwhat thereof in general in this place A single Chapter Of Pain in general PAin is a sad and troublesome disposition arifing from a sudden and vehement alteration in the sence of feeling The Subject are the nervous parts especially the thicker membranes which bring vehement pains SIGNS are needless the sence it self shews it The CAUSE is whatsoever eminently and suddenly alters the part or dssolves the Continuity thereof The CURE must be hastened least a fluxion be raised especially in a vehement one the Disease also must be set aside if there be no other Remedy 'T is performed I. By intigation with Anodynes and Narcoticks Among the former oyl of Lillies Earth-wormes Chamomel a Cataplasme of bread Crums milk and Safron boiled together a pultis of Marsh-mallow roots boyled in Milk Grulingus his Unguentum Jovis Among the latter are the extract of Thorn apple seeds the Narcotick trochisks of Fernelius Quandanum opiatum II. By removal of the Causes both by internal and external remedies The Differences are taken either from the Causes or from the parts affected I. One kind of pain comes from an eminent and sudden alteration of quality which is taken away by the remedies of a contrary quality And it comes either from heat and dryness then the causes have preceded the pained part is red we must go to work with things cold and moist Or from cold dryness the suitable Causes have preceded The skin is white or growes black and blew by binding 'T is eased with things hot and moist Another springs from Solution of Continuity which is caused either by many humors which stretch sharp ones which fret in which cases bleeding and purgations are useful Or from winds which teare as it were in sunder in which case having premised Carminatives we must deale with universals Or from external Causes beating cutting burning where the Cure must be directed to each particular Cause II. One fâ—â—rt is pricking in the Membrans which compass the ribs and subcostal Muscles Another is beating proper to the Arteries the sign of a great inflamation Another is a dul paine and mâ—â—medness which happens in the fleshy membrane which is spred out beneath the skin which happens from Refrigeration external Contusion or compression Another is a pain as of some heavy thing which burthens which is commonly felt in the kidnies sometimes in the Liver and spleen Another is a stretching paine according to the longitude of the part proper to the Nerves which extends it self into both parts of the Nerves Another is stretching according to the latitude proper to the membranes which cover the muscles Another is wandring which arises for the most part from winds in the larger Cavities of the Belly womb c. Another is a boring pain in the Guts it arises from cold humors fastned into their Coats Another is a leaping paine which happens in the coats of the brain where rising as it were from a root it suddenly leaps into the Circumjacent parts Another is Vlcerative or soreish which commonly happens in the skin and parts beneath the same also in the Gutts from the Acrimony of Humors and worms is common to the dysentery Another is deep which happens in the periostium presents it self to the senses as if the bones themselves did ake or the marrow in the bones And so much for the first differences of Diseases THE SIXTH BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Treating of External Diseases Title I. Of the Several sorts of Tumors SO much may suffice to have spoken of Diseases in general and of their cure Diseases considered in their several sorts are either External or Internal The former are Tumor or Sewllings Diseases of the Skin Diseases of the Hair Vlcers Dislocations or Disjointing and Fractures and therefore there wil be likwise just so many Titles in this Book Chap. 1. Of Swellings or Tumors Caused by Blood Article I. Touching over-great Corpulency SOme Tumors spring from Blood others from Choller Flegm Melancholly from Watry and wheyish Humors and some from a Mixture of these one with another Those which spring from Blood are Over-great Corpulency Inflamations Bubo's Phygetlon Phyma Furunculus Parotis Paronychia Perniona's Ecchymofis Carbunculus Corpulentia nimia is an over-great increase of the Bodies Bulk caused by too much plenty of Flesh and Fat Signes are needless The Consequences thereof are an Hindrance of the Motions and Operations of the body shortness of breath by reason of the passages being stopt somtimes suddain Death in such as grow Fat when they are young Barrenness because of the seeds watrishness The CAUSE is the Increase of Flesh and Fat The CURE varies according to the variety of the Differences The DIFFERENCES are taken from the Causes I. One sort springs from Encrease of Flesh which is Caused through plenty of good Blood made by a temperate Liver out of meates of good Juyce the hot and moist temper of the Musculous pâ—rts of the Body assisting thereunto It is Cured 1. By Evacuation through Blood letting Cupping Fasting Eriction 2. By Consuming the Flesh with such things as strongly dry and moderately heat II. Another from the encrease of Fat caused by the Oyliness and fattyness of the Blood falling out of the Veins into the Membranous parts and there congealed by the moderate heat and Efficacy of the said parts T is Cured 1. By Evacuation but it must be sparing because such persons are apt to fal into cold Diseases 2. By Consumption of the Fat effected by things hot bitter diuretick yet so as care be had that by over much heating another Disease be not Caused Article II. Of an Inflamation An Inflamation is a Preternatural swelling of the fleshy parts springing from blood which besides the intent of Nature flows into the said parts The SIGNES are Heat which is caused partly by reason of the Blood partly by the stoppage of the pores springing from plenty and thickness of blood which stoppage wil not suffer the Fuliginous Vapors to exhale and partly by the bloods putrefaction Pain both by reason of the distemper and the solution of continuity caused by plenty of blood filling and distending the part Redness the blood communicating its color to the part affected Tension or Stretching because of the abundance of blood distending the whol substance of the Part. Renitency or Tightness from the same Cause Pulsation by reason of the distention of the inflamed parts caused by the heaving of the Artery which wants freedom of roome to move it self The CAUSE is the plenty of blood or its sharpness by reason of Chollerick Humors which because they provoke Nature they are by her thrust out she using the blood as her Vehicle or Chariot to ride in which flowes plentifully to the part by reason of its pain The Manner of its Breeding is this An Hot Fluxion causing the blood to fal into the Muscles first the great Veins then the lesser then the least of al are distended And when
the fluxion can be in them no longer contained it partly sweats through the Coats of the Vessels which have also their pores and is partly sent out of the smal Orifices of the Capillary Veins which open themselves into the substance of the part and shed into the empty spaces which are between the first bodies or Particles whence the parts gather Heat The CURE is performed 1. By Blood letting that more blood may not flow into the part If we should presently fal to work with repellers the matter would be carryed to another place 2. By Purgation because sharp Humors give occasion to the Flux 3. By Alteration that the blood may be cooled and thickned provided the Veins be not strait and the Patient not troubled with obstruction of the Bowels 4. By Revulsion that the Humor may be drawn to a contrary part which is then best performed by bloodletting when the matter is much in quantity and violently moved by other waies and means when it is little Yea and in such a case it may be done by Repellers and Discussers 5. By Repulsion with repelling Medicaments either watry only or withal restringent The Former are to be used in thine Humors seated in the surface of the Body not much in quantity Joyned with Heat and of that sort are House leek Venus-navil or Penny-wort Violets and such like The Latter have place in extremity of pain where the Vessels are large and the fluxion is caused through weakness of the parts affected Chirurgeons frequently use the Whites of Eggs beaten together with Rose-water 6. By Interception with Defensative Medicaments which are fitly applied to such parts as are not fleshy and through which the larger Vessels run Oyl is judged improper to be mingled with these kind of Medicaments 7. By Derivation of that blood which has flowed into the parts 8. By Discussion with discussive Medicaments amongst which the Gentler are the Roots of Marsh-Mallows and of white Lillys Chamamel flowers c. The Stronger Orice Roots Elder flowers Gum Ammoniack Bdellium Bears Grease The Strongest of al are Nitre Sulphur Lime c. The DIFFERENCES are taken from the subject and Cause From the Subject 1. There is one of the Fleshy parts which is finished in the fourteenth day Another of the Tendons and Ligaments which because their substance is more compact and hard is terminated with greater difficulty yet it does not exceed the fortieth day From the Cause Either it is from good Blood and is termed simply a Phlegmon or Inflamation or from bad Blood which has either quite changed its nature and that raises no kind of swelling or it has other Humors mingled therewith and then if Choller be mingled it causes that Inflamation which is termed Phlegmone Exysipelatodes is flegm Phlegmon Oedematodes if Melancholy Phlegmon Scirrhodes Article III. Of the Bubo or Inflamation so called The Bubo is an Inflamatian of the Kernels which are seated in the Arme-pits or in the Groines The SIGNES are a stif swelling that yeilds not to the touch with redness pain and a slight fever The CAUSE is Blood slipt into the Kernels together with a vitious Humor provoking Nature to expulsion The CURE is Doubtful when they ripen slowly because they may turn to dangerous fistulaes It is according to the Cure of Inflamations Digestion must be procured by stronger Medicaments because the part affected is colder Suppuration ought to be hastened least new ones should break forth The Balsam of Sulfur and the Plaister of Sulphur of Rulandus are commended The Differences are divers I. One is Symptomatical to which that which was lately said is appliable Another is Critical which follows another Disease and eases the sick by its breaking forth It must be left to Nature if the Crisis be perfect if it be imperfect the Humor must be drawn forth by Cupping-Glasses and drawing Medicaments II. One sort comes in the Groines which is sooner ripe because it springs from blood and more Heat flows to those parts Another is in the Arme pits which for the contrary Cause is long ere it come to Maturity III. Some Buboes are Neither Malignant nor Contagious which being in the extream parts of the Body are soon suppurated and not dangerous Others are Malignant Pestilential or Venerious of which see in their proper places Article IIII. Of the Phygetlon Phyma Furunculus or Felon Tumor so called Phygetlon or Panus is an hard swelling somtimes arising after Feavers or pains in the Kernels or Almonds of the Eares It Arises either Externally from an Ulcer Pain Bruise or Internally from Chollerick Blood or a Feaver and is long in ripening Oyl of Guaiacum Wood is good in this case Phyma is a round swelling of the Kernels smaller and flatter than the Phygetlon less read and less painful which soon comes to its height and turnes to suppuration It Arises from Flegmatick Blood and troubles Children cheifly It is Cured by ripning through application of tosted Wheat c. Furunculus or Dothien a Felon is a little swelling sharp pointed not exceeding the largness of a Pigeons Egg remarkeable for its redness and pain when it tends to Suppuration Its Signes are known by the definition It seldom comes single It Springs from thick blood and is thereby distinguished from an Inflamation and the said Blood is not much a dust and so it is differenced from a Carbuncle The Cure is easie especially if it rise high pointed and is not hard nor forked It is performed by Ripening It is either Mild and Gentle occupying only the Skin or Malignant rooted in the flesh Or it is Pestilentical and Epidemical which being black or green is joyned with a Malignant Feaver Article V. Of the Tumer Parotis Parotis is an Inflamation of the Kernels behind the Eares proceeding from Blood either pure or mixed with vitious Humors The Signs are Swelling Pain Redness which appears behind the Ears The Cause is blood either alone or mixed with other vitious Humors which slips into these parts being sent from the whol body or from rhe Brain In the Cure we must not repel but Discuss by gentle Medicaments least stronger should exasperate the Pain Also Suppuration may be procured when Nature tends that way The DIFFERENCES are divers I. One sort is Critical arising with Critical signs which is easie to cure unless it hapen in the end of a Disease after other Evacuations without the Abatement of the Symptomes If it vanish away without Suppuration it wil come again It must be left to Nature and being returned it must be judged of according to the Nature of its return Another is Symptomatical which if it spring from crude and undigested matter it is dangerous because the place is so nigh the brain In the Cure its antecedent Cause must be deminished and the Matter discussed softened and opened that the Quittor may do no hurt II. Some are without feavers others with feavers which are more dangerous III. Some are without Malignity others are Pestilential
are the Glandules or kernels in the Neck Dugs Arm-pits and groins They are known by the sight especially among the inhabitants of the Alpes They Arise from a Flegmatick Melancholick mixt Humor which proceeds from the crudity of Diet or from a gross Juyce nourishing those parts mixed therewith which is shut up in a peculiar Membrane made by the formative faculty See the Cure in Book 5. in a peculiar Chapter T is divided into simple of which now and Cancerated which are mixed with a Cancer by reason of Black-choler 2. Into Free which are Joyned to no Vessel and Intangeld or Intaild which are Joyned with some remarkable Artery Vein or Nerve II. Ganglion Which is a Tumor scituate upon a Bone by reason of a Preternatural twisting or wreathing of a Nerve which is grown together into one body The Subject are parts which are covered not with much flesh but skin only It is known both by its situation and that it is void of pain and of the bigness of an Eg may be stretched to the sides and being pressed it makes the body feel the pressure It arises by occasion of a blow reaching or labour which stretches and as it were breakes a Nerve or tendon Whereupon the excrement of the Nervous part sweats out and sticks about the Fibres and Nervous parts and by their formative faculty is changed into this substance T is Cured by Emollients as Emplastrum de Ammoniaca and digesters and if they suffice not with suppuraters and by Section concerning which see the Authors III. Those kind of Tumors which spring indeed from the same cause viz. A Flegmatick Humor or Alimentary Juyce only they are distinguished by the matter contained in the bladder and from thence take their respective Names For it is named Meliceris if the matter included be like Honey the Tumor rounder than ordinary and giving way when it is touched Atheroma when it is like Water-gruel or Hasty-pudding and hard to the Touch. Steatoma when it is like to suet Chap. VII Of Tumors arising from a solid Substance TO such kind of Tumors these three sorts following are to be referred I. Verrucae Warts being Tumors standing upon the skin like Hittocks They are known very easily They arise from either a thick Melancholick and Flegmatick matter or from such Juyce as is ordained to â—ourish the Skin and Scarf-skin They are Cured either by Application of appropriate Medicaments such as are the Juyce of Willow-leaves and Cichorium Verrucarium or Wart-cichory water which Stands on the stumps of felled Oaks Spurge Milk an Onion bruised with salt They are divided into Hanging warts which the Greeks term Acrochordones being broad on the top and smal at the bottom where they are fastened to the skin as it were by a stalk Thymia which are colored like time are likwise smal at the skin broad hard and rough on the top being smaller than the hanging-warts and Sessiles which the Greeks term Myrmecioe lower than the Thymia scarse bigger than Lupines hard broad-bottom'd deep rooted and causing pain II. Clavi cornes which are wont to breed on the Toes and Soles of the Feet by the pressure and wringing of shoes which somtimes of their own accord prove very painful and are alwaies troublesome to the goer They must be Noynted with the blood of an Ele and Oyl of Mercury and when they are softened with Oyl of Snailes When they are cut smeare them with the Urin of a dog and lay on a Plaster of red Wax III. Callus Brawnyness is an hardness bread in the surface of the skin in the palms of the Hands and the lowest parts of the soles of the Feet It has no deep Root and is void of al pain It may be pared of after frequent washimgs and soaking in water Chap. VIII Of Tumors caused by solid parts falling from their due Situation Article I. Of Aneurisma Varix and Elephantiasis by the Arabians so called TUmors proceeding from solid parts falling down into or lying upon any part are many we shal here speak only of the Aneurisma Varix and Elephantiasis of the Arabick Physitians so called the rest we shal treat of in their proper places I. Aneurisma is a Tumor arising from a breach in the inner coat and a widening of the outer coat of an Artery T is known because it is a soft Tumor beating with the pulse and for the most part yeilding to the finger and if it yeild not to the finger nor pulse which may fal out in a great one yet a noise as it were of boyling water is perceived because of the passage of spirits through narrow waies and so it is distinguished from an Ecchymoma It arises through default of the Artery which in respect of its inner coat which is hard and thick is opened in respect of its external coat which is thin soft and rare it is widened It is wont to happen either by the Violent Motion of the flood or by some external force most frequenly when either an Artery is opened instead of a Vein or an Artery together with a Vein is hurt For then the external coate as being soft and of kin to the coats of the Veins growing together and the inner remaining open the blood and spirit Issues through the hole and distends the external coat T is Cured with Difficulty if smal if new Is in a manner incurable if old and great and if Section be made danger of death is incurred The Cure is undertaken 1. By Application of Repellers and astringents where Emplastrum Contrarupturam is useful c. 2. By Section or cutting touching which see Authors II. Varix is the Dilatation of a Vein It happens Cheifly in the Thighes under the Navil and somtimes in the temples It befals men principally yet hardly before they come to Age. T is known by the swelling of the Veins and the part being Lead-colored or black It arises from thick Melancholick blood which fals into the place either through its own weight or being thrust thither by some violent Cause Varices ought not to be Cured if they be critical and free the patients from other Diseases as they are wont to do from madness If they are to be Cured they are hardly Curable by Section but best of al by extraction of which see Aquaependens III. Elephantiasis of the Arabians is a Tumor of the Feet springing from Melancholick Flegmatick blood and the Varices Herein the Thighes are swelled of a Leaden-color black and ful of Ulcers It can hardly be Cured without a continual and long Course of Phyfick Chap. IX Of Malignant Tumors A single Article Of the Elephantiasis MAlignant Tumors are sundry Viz. Buboes Carbuncles Smal Pocks Meazels Elephantiasis Of the rest I have spoke or shal speak elsewhere I shal here treat only of the Elephantiasis T is called also Leontiasis Satyriasis and Lepra Being a Cancerous Tumor of the whole Body springing from black choler infected with a Venemous quality and shed
into the whole habit of the Body ' causing many Symptomes I do not mean the Elephantiasis by the Arabian Physitians so called nor the Leprosie of the Jews The SIGNS are either of the Diseases beginning as frequent spots in the Body roughness of the skin with risings like a Goose with the Feathers of with many scales and chinks especially in the Face Hands and Feet falling off of the hairs Or coming to the height as a Tetter upon the tops of the fingers and the Chin and the Eye-brows which are thick and hanging over hoarsness of the voice sweat easily turned into salt which wil not melt in water the blood being washed leaves grains and Sands in the bottom of the water See the Trial of this Disease in Horstius his Medicinal Epistles S. 4. Tim. 1. The CAUSE is a Melancholy Humor and black Choler which arises either from external Canses dry constitution of the Aire and Diet suitable or from internal viz. An hot and dry distmper of the Liver Also it contracts a Venemous and Contagious quality whence the Disease comes to infect others The CURE is None when the Disease is confirmed t is Difficult when it is newly begun T is Performed 1. By Diet where Viper Wine is good and the flesh of Vipers boyled their Head and Taile being cut off Cider Chickens fed with the flesh of Vipers or Snakes 2. By Preparation of Humors by the Herba Kunigundis an Herb so called with Fumitory boy led in whey Straw-berry water Dodder-water Decoction of Tamarisk 3. By Evacuation both by Blood-letting which must be Practised in the spring viz. In both Arms and on the Ankle and by Purgation where extract of Blood-Hellebore and whey with Epithymum boyled therein are good likwise by the Hemorrhoides 4. By use of Bathes of fresh water and of brimstone waters c. 5. By giving appropriate Medicaments viz. Hares-blood hot salts Theriacal Treacle Bezoarticum Ammale or Bezar-stone 6. By Mitigation of the Symptomes of which in their peculiar places 7. By burning of which see Authors As for the Diffierences there are four sorts thereof I. Alopecia in which is an obscure redness swelling of the Face redness of Eyes bleeding at the Nose It springs from blood and is more gentle than the rest II. Tyria so called from the scaly Serpent Tyrus which casts of his Skin in the spring In this there is whitness Seales dandruffe It springs from Flegm III. Leonina so termed from the Ruggedness of the Lyons for-head In which are prickings bitings Tetters It arises from Choller and comes speedily to the Augment IIII. Elephantiasis peculiarly so called being greater than the rest and slower in its Augmentation has its original from Melancholy and is known by a cloudy blackness knots and stupidity of the Patient These sorts are seldom separated and most frequently Joyned together Title II. Of Diseases of the Skin Chap. 1 Of Lentigines Ephelides Naevi-materni Infantum Maculae ANother kind of external Diseases are the disorders of the Skin under which are comprehended Lentigines Ephelides Naevi Materni Maculae Infantum Maculae Hepaticae Pruritus and Malus Odor I. Lentigines Freckles Are smal specks of a yellowish brown color for the most part seated somtimes in the Face somtimes on the breast somtimes on the hands They are known by the description and because they are subject to ruddy people and such as are yellow-hair'd They arise from blood adust either by inward causes or the Suns heat Occupying the Scarf-skin especially of the forhead because being there thicker than ordinary it retaines the Vapours longer They are Cured by the waters of Elder-flowers Bean-flowers and Scrofularia By Goats and Cowes-milk mingled with pouder of Glass With Cherry-tree-Gum dissolved in strong Vinegar with a little Oaten-meal With these they must be washed or anoynted II. Ephelides are brown spots on Women with Child which quarter upon their Foreheads cheifly their temples or Cheekes as large many times as an hand-breadth They are known by the presence of such Symptomes as are wont to afflict Women with child especially loathing of wine and meat frequent spittings and gnawings in the stomach They arise from suppression of courses in Virgins somtimes from eating of Beetes A Pap made of the pouder of Bay-berries and Toad-stool-water is commended being smeared on in a Bath III. Naevi Materni are spots and markâ—s imprinted upon the Child in the womb by the Mothers Imagination They are abliterated either by the After-birth while t is hot or the blood thereof more easily if privately as the common people imagine or the distilled water of Caryophyltata-Montana if the infant be washed therewith or with the meâ—nstrual blood IIII. Maculae Infantium Volaticae which Nurses cal the Red-come are red and purple spots which creep up and down the bodies of young Infants And if they touch any Orifice of the body as the Mouth Nostrils Eyes eares t is counted a deadly sign For Prevention the Orifices must be wet with Rose-water tinctured with a litle Saffron Chap. 2. Of the Maculae Hepaticae Itch and bad smels MAculae Hepaticae or Liver-spots are brown spots somtimes appearing and then vanishing with a slight roughness of the skin and falling of scales They are known by the description Arise from a thick blood which seeing it cannot be assimilated it sends forth what is Excrementitious into the skin if they continue long they are accompanyed with quartan Agues They are Cured with Diet and after universal Medicaments with bathes before which Treacle must be taken and afterward they must be nointed with green Mustard-seed reduced with water into the form of Pap which must presently be washed off so soon as it raises heat Also mans-Mans-blood destilled with Brest-milke is good II. Itch is a pain which stirs up a desire of scraching without any roughness or Exulceration of the SKIN The SUBJECT is somtimes the whol Body but especially the soles of the Feet because they are covered with a great and broad Tendon and with an hard Skin so that the Humors have not egress T is KNOWN by the sense It ariseth either from Choller or thin salt Flegm so as it may insinuate it self between the smallest particles but clammy and roaping that it may stick faster to the parts which is bred of salt Meats and Hot through fault of an hot and Dry Liver The CURE is seldom performed upon decrepit persons None at al in such as have the Consumption if it follow after Costiveness T is performed 1. Ey Attemperation of Humors by Goats-Milk Whey and Syrup of Fumitory 2. By Evacuation of the antecedent Cause by Jalap and Syrup of Peach-flowers By Hemorrhoides and courses provoked if their stoppage have been the Cause 3. By Mitigation with fresh-waler bathes into which Mortar is to be cast and the Oyntment of Hartmannus 4. By Discussion with the said Baths wherein Pelitory of the Wal Mallows sharp-pointed Dock Alum Sulfur Vitriol c. must be put III. Bad smel
taken they escape without halting If towards the Hip commonly they halt after it Both because the bowing tending outwards it is easily crooked Towards the inside and towards the outside it bunches out like a bow as also because being but one single bone it cannot easily be kept in its place It growes together in the space of fifty daies Chap. 2. Of less Frequent Fractures TO the less ordinary Fractures there appertain the Fractures of I. The Nose which is either equally flatted so as to make a saddle-Nose or it is broke only on the one side or it is writhen aside by the Gristle or the bones thereof are broke into smal fritters There is Joyned somtimes a wound and somtimes and Ulcer is raised within the Nostrils Unless the Nose be immediately rectified it must for ever remain deformed II. Of the lower Jaw-bone whose bone is either broken so athwart that the Bones nevertheless do in some measure hold together or so that one bone sticks out above another and one tooth sticks out beyond another They are consolidated within twenty dayes unless Inflamation happen Also the teeth remain sound III. Of the Clavicula or channel bone which is broken either athwart and is easily reduced into its natural seat by extending and compressing the same with a mans fingers or long-waies which has alwaies some Eminency which can hardly be brought into order It s fracture is knowne by the touch and by the pian It is soddered together within the space of twenty daies IIII. Of the Scapula and that either in respect of the shoulder tip and then Inequality is perceived if the hurt part be compared with the sound or in respest of the broad part Then a certain cavity is perceived by the touch the Arme just against it is benummed If the fracture be in the neck of the Scapula or in the Jointing of the shoulder Inflamation is soon caused because of the veins Arteries and nerves which spring from the Vertebraes of the Neck V. Of the Brest-bone whose fracture is known by the bones giving way when pressed with the finger by shortness of breath c. and it is dangerous because of the Neighbourhood of the noble parts VI. Of the Ribs which are either so broken that the extremities of the broken bones do neither go in nor stick out And then few are either Feverish or spit blood Or so as that the Ends of the Bones are out of their places Then the flesh above the broken Rib is blown and heaved up and if the place be pressed with the hand a noise is heard of the departing Air. Inflamation Feavers Impostumes do for the most part follow Or the whole Ribs are not broken Then there is neither great pain nor a Feaver VII Of the Back-bone which frequently by reason of the hurt ensuing to the spinal marrow the Membranes and the Nerves especially if the fracture happen by the Vertebra's of the Neck proves deadly especially if a palsie either of the Arms and Hands or of the Legs and Feet do follow thereupon VIII Of the Patella or Whirl-bone of the Knee which is known by inability to go and an hollowness which is perceived in the place of the fracture It happens either long waies and then the bones are easily joyned together again Or athwart or slanting Then no art can so help it as to hinder the Patient from halting IX Of the Bones of the Feet which is wont to be caused by an heavy and strong thing 'T is easily known by sight and touch because the parts are fleshless It is not so dangerous See Galen upon Hippocrates of the Joynts and Fractures And so much shal suffice to have spoken touching External Diseases THE SEVENTH BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Touching Feavers HItherto we have treated of the external Diseases of the Body The internal are either universal which affect the whol Body or Particular which vex some parts only The Vniversal are Feavers A Feaver is considered generally or specially Generally considered 't is divided into Non-putrid and Putrid Hectick Malignant and Pestilential Title I. Of Feavers in General A Feaver in general is an hot Distemper of the whole Body arising from an Heat Preternaturally kindled in the heart and by means of the spirits and blood through the Veins and Arteries diffused into the whol Body and hurting the natural actions thereof by a Crowd of Symptomes The Part affected is the Heart wherein the heat is first kindled and soon after the whol Body at least in respect of the noble parts somtimes For the Heat being diffused possesses the parts either Habitudinally or Habitually Also their temper consisting in the innate and influent Heat is changed Now this Distemper is joyned somtimes with dryness other whiles with Moisture Hence though the feaverish heat do alwaies tend to dryness yet oft times the disposition of the Body upon which that heat acts and the moisture do hinder the Body from falling into a Morbifick Dryness The Cause is whatsoever kindles Heat in the Body Now heat is kindled 1. By Motion whiles the rest of the parts by frequent smiting one against another causing a conflux of more Humors than can be discussed do grow hot 2. By Putrefaction while by the external Heat the internal is called forth 3. By Contact and Nearness of some hot thing 4. By stopping of the pores and interception of sharp vapors and Sooty steams which makes the body unhealthy and this is the Principal Cause without which other Causes can hardly effect any thing 5. By the mixinre of some hot thing The CURE of a feaver in general is performed by Alteration wherein such a progress must be used as that the Cause be not fomented and by mitigation of Symptomes The principal Symptomes are 1. Thirst the inner coat of the stomach being either parched with the burning heat or soaked with an hot sharp and nitrous Humor 2. Hiccuping sharp and biting Humors twitching and nipping the Stomach 3. Vomiting either by reason of an hot and Chollerick Humor or a very cold Humor or of a thick and Clammy matter or some Vapour 4. Loosness of the Belly when the stomach is so far irritated that it can in no wise embrace or digest the meate and when liquors extreamly cold are drunk down 5. Dryness Blackness and Roughness of the Tongue by reason of sooty Vapours which so burn the same that the Spittleish moisture is consumed which arise somtimes from a clammy humor sticking about the Teeth jaws beclam fur the Mouth 6. Lipothymia and Syncope Swowning and Fainting which somtimes proceeds from the permicious nature of the Humor and somtimes from rusty green or black Choler fermenting and coming out of the Veins into the Heart 7. Shortness of Breath occasioned by the oppression of the Midrif through the fervency of green Choler boyling about the heart or by plenty of Humors somtimes t is caused by the heat of the Heart or Lungs when
Choler and putrified matter is inflamed about those parts or when matter swelling and fermenting in the Veins rushes violently and settles it self thereabouts 8. Head-ach want of Sleep Apileptick Convulsions c. Of which in their places Title II. Of Vnputrid Feavers Chap. 1 Of the Feaver Ephemera UNputrid Feavers are either the Ephemera or the Synocha simplex The Feaver Ephemera is a feaver which arises from the Inflamation of the Vital spirits in the heart and continues the space of one day 'T is termed Ephemera because it transcends not the natural day as the Beast Ephemeron and Colchicum Ephemeron a plant so called The SIGNS are A sudden heat arises in the Body no loathing of meat or wearyness without cause deep sleep or frequent Yawning having preceeded with none or very slight shivering unless the Body be ful of bad juyce diffusing much and biting expiration which by reason of the colds stopping the skin or the closing up of the secret passages being suppressed smites the Nerves The Vrin in color substance and sediment is little or nothing differing from the natural unless the Cause which brought in the Feaver have raised some extraordinary mutation in the blood The pulse is more quick and frequent than ordinary but yet even ordinate great and strong Inspiration is greater and quicker than expiration The CAUSES are procatarctick of which in the differences The CURE is easie unless it change into a Synocha imputrid in a youthful and ful body or into a putrid the fourth or fift day in a body Cacochymical or into an hectick in an Hot Dry thin body 'T is Absolved 1. By Alteration through cooling and moistening things given inwardly and applied outwardly to the Region of the Heart the pulse and forehead 2. By Evacuation or opening a Vein if there be a plethora or by gentle Purgation if it arise from a redundancy of evil Humors and some light obstruction 3. By strengthening the Stomach Regard being had to the Humor and Symptomes The Differences of the Feaver Ephemera are taken from the causes I. One sort comes from Cold Air striatning the skin Then the beginning is without shivering The Urine and pulse are little changed the Heat is more moderate in the state T is Cured by removing the Cause II. Another springs from Buboes which is known by the presence of Buboes by a swift and great pulse by much heat by a ruddy Face 'T is Cured by blood-letting by which if blood be sufficiently taken away the Bubo appearing a little vanishes away by the use of repellers or relaxers if not it must by fomentations be brought to suppuration Vide B. 2. de Bubone III. Another from straitness of the skin which is known by the hardness and compactness of the Patients skin other things being as in other persons healthy It arises from plenty of blood cold binding or dryness 'T is Cured 1. By Blood-letting if the blood offend in quantity 2. By Purgation cutters being premised where there is plenty of thick Humors and swear is wont to follow 3. By relaxation with hot and moist things temperate baths moderate frictions frequent washing if it proceed from cold IIII. From Crudity and that nidorous which is known by the presence of such signs as attend a Diseased Stomach 'T is Cured 1. By Vomit if stomach sicknes and Aptitude to Vomit be present 2. By Purgation if there be danger in Vomiting 3. By Corroboration with Medicaments whose quality is opposite to the peccant Humor V. Another springs from Heat of weather Anger Sad Pensiveness Watchings Wearyness c. Of al which consult with Practitioners Chap. 2. Of the Feaver Sinocha Simplex THe feaver Synocha simple or the Ephemera of many daies is a Feaver without putrefaction arising of the Boyling and working of the spirits and blood without remission lasting three four or more daies 'T is termed also Inflativa or Puff-up because when the blood works and boyles the Vessels are distended and a wearyness of the body is perceived Its SIGNS are wearyness which comes of it self without any exercise of the Body Heaviness about the temples and forehead A certain Itch of the Nostrils a gentle Heat Moistness of the skin with distention of the Members A pulse great ful frequent quick Difficulty in fetching breath Urine thicker and more red than ordinary The CAUSE is the working and boyling of thin blood which arise from the hinderance of Transpiration in a plethorick body which sends forth many hot Vapours The CURE is not very hard because it seizes for the most part strong bodies or temperate ones or such as are hot or moist of middle Age of a fleshy square Alderman-like constitution unless it degenerate into another sort 'T is allayed and terminated somtimes by sweat or by plentyful Nose-bleeding within the fourth or at most the seventh day unless through some very great Error of the Patient the Physitian or the Assistants of the sick it turn to a putrid feaver or a greivous Disease which is wont to spring from fullness 'T is performed 1. By Blood-letting by which the Patient is cooled and the encrease of Vapors is diminished but it must be speedy little in quantity and divers times celebrated 2. By Evacuation of the first Region least more fumes be added to the store Tamarinds Rhubarb Syrupe of Roses solutive Cream of Tartar are good 3. By Alteration which ought to be performed by cooling potions the spirit of salt and vitriol being mixed therewith Clysters Oxyrrhodines Epithemes Bathes for such as are accustomed to them but not before the Rigor of the Feaver be over 4. By Corroberation with Manus Christi perled Diamargaritum Frigidum Conserve of Roses Vitriolated of Wood-sorrel c. 5. By a cooling and Moistening Diet. Title III. Of Putrid Feavers in General A Putrid Feaver is Generally or Specially considered A Putrid Feaver in general is a Feaver which arises from hot Vapors raised out of the Putrefaction of humors which affect the heart with a praeternatural heat SIGNS thereof are Invation with shivering and shaking no antecedent Cause having preceded No nor no procatarctick unless the body be so disposed that a smal matter affects it Accessions and Paroxysmes or fits which yet agrees not with al. The heat at the beginning is not biting by reason of suffocation biting in the augment by reason of a Fuliginous excrement The Vrine is crude or obscurely digested The Pulse is at first smal the contraction swifter then the dilatation by reason of plenty of sooty excrement It abates upon sweat or some other Evacuation The Causes immediate are putred vapors sharp biting plentiful so as they cannot be discussed The Mediate is the putrefaction of humors whose cause 1. In the first assault of the Fever is either their bad nature contracted from meats of bad juyce which soon putrifie from il preperation and use of diet and the faults of the Parts which serve concoction or an External agent where hindrance of
knowen in that it afflicts with a gentle heat with which appear the notes of putrefaction in in the Urine and Pulse It is not burthensome to the Patient by any grevious symtome The Patient can hardly stir on his Legs for weakness The bodie pines away by little and little 'T is protracted beyond the fortieth day 'T is exasperated by the use of Purgers It keeps no order It arises from putrefaction of matter shed forth of the Vessels into the substance of some bowel or at least fast fixed in the Capillary Veins which are dispersed through the substance of the bowels and by its putrefaction corrupting the said substance From whence Vapors cannot be carried towards the heart in such great plenty as in other Feavers T is Cured by aperitives attenuatâ—rs and detergents appropriate to each part We must also use gentle Purging c. IV. Another sort there is Which arises from the Putrefaction and Corruption of some Bowel From whence putrid Vapors are communicated by the Veins inserted into the heart and heat the same It is somtimes more gentle otherwhiles more Vehement It happens for the most part in Putrefaction of the Lungs in Fistula's that peirce deep into the Cal Nesentery Womb c. The Cure is to be directed to the Ulcers and Fistula's of the internal parts V. Another springs either from Corrupt Milk as often betides Infants or from Blood somwhere Putrifying without the Vessels or from worms or from Crudity familiar to infants because of their greedy feeding with swelling and inflamation of the Hypochondria putrid Vapors being communicated to the heart In the Cure respect is to be had to the Causes and parts affected Chap. 3. Of an intermitting Feaver or Ague in general AN intermittent Feaver commonly called an Ague is a Feaver arising from Vapors which proceed from Humors bred in the Mesaraich Veins Putrifying and ever and a non entring the Vena Cava invading the sick person at certain set times and ending with excretions or Evacuations It 's SIGNS are to come at certain set times with shaking shivering or cold the sensitive parts being vexed and nipped as it were with a sharp Vapor To end by sweating Urine or passage of the Vapors through the pucrepores of the skin by scabbyness if the thicker part of the Humor be thrust forth into the skin Now necessary it is that it should come at certain seasons and then remit and come again For there remains a defilement in that part which is the seat of the putrefaction with a weakness also in the said part Wherupon the affluent Humor though it be good is defiled by the impurity of the part as it were with Leven and through the weakness of the parts it is corrupted Now this return of the Feaver or Ague is caused 1. Partly by the diversity of Humors seeing it alwaies agrees to them nor ever varies into whatsoever body it happen partly because of a peculiar Quality they have which ought either to be ascribed to celestial Causes or it arises from a peculiar corruption 2 It comes either just at one and the same time or by reason of some external causes which move the Humors it anticipates or the Humors being diminished it comes later Also the fits are either short if the matter be little or thin the bodies constitution not close compact the Patients strength Vigorous or long if the premises be contrarily disposed The next Cause is a putrid Vapor arising from an Humor and assailing the Heart Touching the humor three things are to be observed 1. That it is a Putrid Humor which appears by the Urine which has in it signs of putrefaction Nevertheless it does not All putrifie at once in the first Paroxysme but only a Part which is disposed to putrifaction the rest in the following fits til al be consumed 2. That the Hearth and Tinder as it were and place of the said Humor as wel out of the fit as in it is the Mesarick Veins Which appeares both by the stomach sickness Vomiting stretching and pain of the Hypochondria c. With which the Patient is troubled and also by the frequent Vomitings of Choler in very great quantity at the beginning of these feavers which could not be evacuated in such a manner from the remote Veins likewise because the approach of the fit is collected by the compression of the pulses at the beginning of the fit which the Greeks terme Episemasia and the matter is purged out by Urine 3. That the said Humor is ever and anon transferred into the Vena Cava and the Artery The truth is Crudity and Coction are observed in Agues or intermitting feavers as wel as in the continual At first the Humors are moved from the Circumference unto the Center And seeing the branches of Vena Porta are inserted into the substance of the Liver and their mouths communion with the Vena Cava and the Arteries proceeding from the heart are in the Stomach Guts Spleen and elsewhere joyned to the mesaraick Vessels the waies by which these Humors may be carryed thither are evident enough The CURE of intermitting feavers or Agues is Performed 1. By Removing the Debility consisting in the part by altering Medicines 2. By Withdrawing the Putrid Defilement with Purges Blood-letting if blood abound in Vena Cava and be corrupted by Vitious Humors By Sudorificks which are of greatest force in this Cure Precipitating Medicaments are commended at first as Crollius his pouder of snails shels pouder of mother of pearle calcined four scruples and the Magistery of Crabs eyes Externally are applied Cobwebs and Populeon Ointment the fish we cal a Tench bound to the soles of the feet c. Article I. Of a tertian Intermitting feaver or tertian Ague An Intermittent feaver specially considered is either a Tertian or a Quotidian or a Quartan Howbeit there are Quintans Septans Octans Nonans But those modes of Agueâ—â— are seldom seen and are but certain sortes of the simpler Modes aforesaid only a fit Two or three happen to be omitted So a Qintan is a sort of tertian in which the third day is without accession An Intermiting tertian Feaver or tertian Ague is a feaver springing from excrementitious cholor putrifting in the mesaraick veins afflicting every third day with a cold shaking fit which is followed with a hot fit and other symptoms Its SIGNES are Paroxysme or fit which seazes the patient every other day with a shaking cold The shaking cold being over much Heat arises the pulse is at the first begining of the fit smal slow afterward frequent The Vrin reddish c. The CAUSE is a Cholerick filth in the mesaraick veins either alone or mixed with other humors and putrifting Springing from meats apt to be corrupted or others fit to generate the same and sending putrid vapours to the Heart The CURE is performed 1. By Evacuation of the first waies with lenitive medicaments or clysters 2. By Vomit if the matter tend to the stomach and
making an Issue in the Neck if the Distemper be altogether refractory and wil not give place noâ— yield unto the aforesaid Remedies VI. By Corroboration which is effected by appropriat Cephalicks VII By a Diet that is opposite and contrary unto the Cause and the distemper It is divided into that which is from thick Flegm where preparatives have their place as being of singular use neither may blood-letting in this case be safely allowed of and that which ariseth from Flegm that is thin and fluid and which excites and begetts a Catarry and in removing of which sneezing wort and al sorts of Sternutatories and Errhina liquid Mediâ—aments to be puâ— up into the Nostrils that are over strong and violent ought carefully to be avoyded IV. The Sercus or Wheyish distemper oâ— the brain is known by those signs and tokens that are before mentioned It is derived unto the Head either sensibly and by degrees especially together with the Arterial blood it self and likewise the spirits or else al at once by reason of some external more forcible Causes to wit overmuch drinking of wine anger violent exercises c. It is Cured I. By the Evacuation of the serous Humor from the Brain without the premising or use of any preparatives whatsoever This Evacuation is performed 1. By a purgation of the Humor with such Remedies as draw forth water 2. By blood-letting especially if there be present any Feaver although never so gentle and an extraordinary heat which moveth the serous part of the blood unto the Head and in case the accostomed Evacuation be suppressed 3. By the Exhibition of Sudorificks that are over hot as for instance Antimonium Diaphoriticum Bezoarticks the Lunar Fumary c. 4. By the drinking of Diureticks which are likewise very good and profitable to the spleen II. by Correcting the Distemper for which purpose we usually prescribe the powder of a mans bones drying Lotions c. III. by Diet touching which fee and consult the practical Physitians V. The Melancholy distemper of the brain is known by the dotage that accompanyeth it together with fearfulness and sadness a pain especially on the left side turbulent dreams and oftentimes a sudden loss of al motion Is Proceedeth from Causes that generate Melancholy The Cure hereof is easie in its beginning It is Accomplished I. by the reiterated Preparation of the Melancholly Humor after the Purgation of the first waies and passages by the use of those medicaments that both heat and moisten among which the syrup of apples is excellently good II. By the evaccuation of the said humor by purging potions at first such as are genttle but afterward such as are stronger in opperation and here for this purpose Lapis Lazuli is much commended adding thereunto such things as moisten after which there must immedeiatly follow an evacuation by the frequent use of those remedies that we term Errhina and other such like III. by corroberating and strengthening the Brain by the confection Alkermes with other suchlike confections IV By diet iâ— the which vinegar in regaâ—â— that it doth ferment and as it were leaven and sowr the mellancholly humor is principally to be avoided It is divided into that that is Essencially such in which likwise the opening of the cephalick or head vein of the left arme and a copious letting out of the blood if it be black but a more sparing evacuation thereof if pure hath its place and use and into that which ariseth from the suppression ether of the Monthly Courses or of the hemorrhoides in which case revulsion and the opening of the Ankel vein is to be put in practise VI The Atrabiliary distemper of the brain is Known by the want of sleep and extream dobting of the sick party and it arisath from such causes as foment and supply a melancholly Juyce and together with these as it were burning of the same aforesaid Juyce the extraordinary heat of the bowels may do very much The Cure is very difficult in regard that it to far receeds from the Temperament of the Brain It is atchived I. By an often repeated preparation by coolers and moisteners an evacuation of the first Vessels or passages being before premized That compound which we commonly cal Cachund of which hath already bin spoken in the melancholly destemper hath here likwise its place and use II. By a frequent and reiterated evaccuation of the black choler by medicaments such as they term Melanagogues well mingled together with Moisteners as also by those things that peculiarly and properly purge the brain III. By digestion and that by Topicks and sweet water baths if yet the distemper wil not give place nor be removed then let the patient drink the whey of milk together with such things as are specifical remedies against melancholly and of a moystening quality It is divided I. into that which is such in its very sence wheâ—e the opening of the cephalick or the common Basilick vein hath its place and that which is caused by the suppression of the courses or the Hemorrohides of the which sufficiently above II into that which is from the blood burnt or over heated in which distemper the sick party is evermore very apt and propense unto laughter And this is to be cured by letting blood in the same manner as was that that was generated by yellow choler in which a bruitish kind of dotage and fierce anger gets the upper hand and that likewise that had its original from the Melancholly humor in the which pensiveness or sadness and a continued silence or else haply after a while that this silence is broken a tedious extream talkativeness hath the predominance c. Chap. 3. Of the straintness or narrowness of the passages of the Brain THe Straightness of the passages of the Brain then happeneth when the said passages are either obstructed or compressed by their causes Those passages are the pores of the Brain which is of a spungy substance the pores or passages of the stomach the Veins Arteries Nerves and the sutures of the Skul The SIGNS are taken from the diminution or else the utter abolition of the actions of the Brain The Causes are either obstruction from pituitous and flegmy humors blood poured forth out of the vessels grosse and thick Vapours or otherwise Compression and this either from the skul by reason of some violence offered thereunto or else from blood distending the vessels from whence they are affected with a flegmatick distemper or else haply such as is shed forth and fallen into the substance of the body by reason of the a bundance of its thinness or acrimony apituitous or flegmy humor having first obstructed the Basis of the brain and lastly by an hard tumor or swelling The CURE is Various according to the variety of the differences The differences are taken from the many and several causes I. One difference is from Causes External to wit the fumes that arise either from coals beer or
those that speak unto them and it is soon removed and taken away by the use of Emollient Fomentations In this greif there have their use that which we term Luna Potabilis Hartmanni six drops thereof and that they cal Pharmocum Phantasticum of Bartoletus the dose whereof is from one dram to two drams lastly the spirit of Terra sigillata or the sealed earth brought from the Isle Lemnos Article IV. Of Melancholly Melancholy is a dotage arising from a Melancholy phantasme with the which whosoever is affected and deteyned therunder he becomes wholly and only addicted to thoughtfulness being as it were altogether ingulphed therein without either fury or Feaver but yet without pensiveness and fearfulness The SIGNS are a deep sadness and fearfulness without any apparent cause and then likewise another sign is Taciturnity and a long continued silence or else incongruous discourse and talk at random and this more especially of some oâ—â— thing more than other The CAUSE is a Melancholy Phantasm that proceedeth from an error vice and distemper of the Animal spirits the which when as they ought to be clear thin subtile and moveable are hereby rendered and made obscure and misty opacious thick and dark as also fixed and almost wholly immovable And hence it cometh to pass that al kind of objects are imprinted upon their several species according to the condition and quality of the vitiated and depraved disposition of the spirits And they acquire and gain this disposition from a default in the Brain declining from its genuine whitness and generating such like spirits as these or else they have their original from some default in the matter out of which they are made and bred to wit the blood and the Vital spirit or else lastly they got this vitious disposition from some impure and melancholy Matter which is mingled together with the blood and spirits whether it be an Humor or a vapor or both The CURE is facil and Easie if the distemper be recent and but now beginning for so it is cured by diet alone together with the humectation of the whol body and somtimes of the head in particular as likewise if the Body receive any augmentation and growth from the aforesaid food if only the imagination be no more than hurt and then again if it be with some kind of laughter accompanying it But Cure there is none if the affect be hereditary See above further hereof touching the Progress to be made in attempting the Cure in the Chapter of the Melancholly distemper of the brain and below in the differences Notwithstanding observe here 1. That in this case an especial regard is to be had of the diet and that sleep by al manner of means be procured lest that haply the Patient fal frantick and mad Vinegar is not here to be administred but only that by it the dry Vapors may be diverted and called away from the brain A Bath of sweet water is by no means to be neglected 2. That the sick person is to be wrought into an Imagination quite contrary 3. That now and then for some certain time the Patient must wholly abstain from Medicaments The Remedies that in this case are commended are Confection of Alkermes the Tincture and Extract of Lazulus Elixir proprietutis the bezoar stone Cachunde an Indian Medicament the description whereof see in Lacutus his Physical History 1. Book Page 310. It is divided into some certain species I. One is that of the brain when the brain in the Nature and quality of its substance departeth from its natural cleerness and purity It is known by this that the doting is perpetual and vehement that there are present signs of Melancholy abounding in the head that the blood if it be let out is not thick nor black It ariseth Externally from a strong Phansie or imagination from fear other such like sad and grievous affections of the mind It ariseth Internally from a Melancholick Humor heaped up in the head and this either by reason of some acquired cold distemper of the brain or else in regard of its Melancholly constitution which may soon be known from the affects or otherwise lastly by reason of some cold and dry matter left behind in the brain after some hot distempers there the heat now abating and the thinner part of the matter being now resolved and gone It is Cured 1. By the Alteration and Preparation of the peccant matter by Fumary the water or syrup of sweet smelling Apples and Tartar of Vitriol 2. By the Evacuation thereof with the Extract of Hellebor the inferior waies and passages being first opened by Errhines and Sternutatories 3. By Procuring rest and sleep in the use of Hypnoticks 4. by Corroberating and strengthening the Head by the Tincture of the Chrysolite and other appropriate Remedies II. Another is that of the whole Body when a Melancholy blood aboundeth throughout the whol body and is from thence transmitted unto the brain It is known by this that the deliry or dotage is indeed continual but yet so that it is with some certain exasperations exacerbations and remissions and likewise in that there are present signs of Melancholy abounding in the body and that there went before the Causes thereof It ariseth from its own proper Causes of which we shal speak further in the Differences It is Cured by the frequent repetition of Venesection or blood-letting But because there are but very few spirits in Melaucholly persons it must not be of too much blood at once it may be either in the left Arm or in the Ankle or else the thigh Veins if large may be opened by Leeches 2. By a Preparation of the Humor by the Syrup of Odoriferous Apples Fumary with the cream of Tartar Tartur vitriolate by the fection of Alkermes the Whey of Milk with the Juyce of Cichory and Fumary 3. By a gentle Evacuation thereof often Reiterated and corrected by such things as corroborate the spirits and the principal parts and likewise by those things that Humectate moisten and mollifie but then the Evacuation may and ought to be stronger if so be the blood be over thick and unless the body be already extreamly and over much wasted This Evacuation must be seconded and followed by Moystening Baths unto the which Emollients are to be added 4. By drinking of tart sharp and somwhat sowr potions and also by the use of hot baths 5. By the strengthening of the Head both by internals and externals among which Embrochations are highly and indeed cheifly commended 6. By a Diet in the which there ought to be a careful and continual abstinence from al sorts of pulse It is divided according to the Nature and diversity of the Causes 1. One is from Causes altogether external as Fear watchings Cares al which exsiccate and dry up the Radical Moisture have in them a power sufficient to alter and change the blood in the whol Body and to detain the Melancholy Humor Now then
of Children that in their Cradle are continually looking upwards and this may be Remedyed and prevented by rolling and swathing about their Head with black clothes whiles they lie in the Cradle 3. From Convulsion and contraction and this requireth Emollient Ophthalmick Remedies 4. from a Wound or Vlcer ill Cured in which case either the Cicatrix is to be Mollified or else there must be a Manual operation as the Cause and as necessity shal require VI. That we cal Hydotis the Latins term it Aquila or an increase of the unctuous substance in the upper Eye-lid pouring forth continually a Humor especially in the morning betimes before the light appear It ariseth especially in Children from a serous or wheyish humor that is fallen forth and gotten betwixt the Membranes of the Eye-lids in the midst whereof there is that Unctuous ' or Oyly substance And this is either Recent and new begun and then it is sometimes taken clean away with Fasting Spittle or else it is that that hath been of long Continuance and included in its peculiar Membrane and this requireth the operation of the hands Chap. 2. Of the Affects or things that are anniss in the Eye Brows THe affects of the Eyebrows are I. That we cal Hordeolum being a smal Tumor or swelling which when it cometh unto a Suppuration is very like unto a Barly Corn from whence it hath its aforesaid denomination It hath its Original from a Flegmatick Humor thick and mingled with blood It is taken away by Barly masticated or chewed upon an empty stomach and so applied or by the body of a fly the head thereof being cast away if it be rubbed therewith If it cannot be suppurated then Let it be cut and opened II. That which we cal Grando being a round little rising or swelling transparent and movable thither It riseth from a matter that is hard even as hard as a stone It is to be Mollified and suppled with Ammoniacun dissolved in Vinegar and mingled together with the Fat of an Hen or Turpentine and Wax III. That we cal Madarosis or a Shedding of the hair which for the most part invadeth the party after Malignant Feavers See more hereof before in the second book If there be together present with it a Crassitude or thickness a Callosity or insensible hardness and a redness of color and that the Eye-Lids swel and become shining it is then named Ptillosis IV. Trichiasis when preternatural Hairs growing up under the Natural hair and pointing inwardly do prick the Tunicles of the eyes It ariseth from Humors flowing to the extremities of the Eye-lids either by Reason of some long continued swelling or else by reason of their being shut up and as it were bound in there It is Cured 1. By the Total Evulsion or drawing forth of the peccant Humors and an inunction or anoynting with the blood of green Frogs ought ever more to follow upon this said devulsion 2. By Corrosion by Corrosive Medicaments anoynted upon the place with due caution 3. By Section or cutting of which see further in the Practical Physitians V. Phalagosis when the Eye-Lids turning inward the hairs appear not unless the Eye-Lids be lifted â—p It ariseth either from Pituitons Flegmy humor that load and make heavy the Eye-Lids or else from the exsiccation or excessive drying of the Cartilage together with a depression of the Skin toward the eye brows ever more following upon the former For the Cure hereof you may likewise consult other Authors VI. Phtiriasis or a great abundance of Lice arising from Nastiness and Filthiness in those especially that seldom or never wash and keep themselves cleanly and such as use a naughty and corrupt kind of Diet delighting themselves in unwholsome food and somtimes also it hath its rise and beginning from Contagion and infection It is to be timely and seasonably Cured lest that it excite and cause sharp Defluxions And here in this case the washing of the Eye-Lids with the Decoction of Betony and Stavesacre is much commended Chap. 3. Of the Affects and what is amiss in the Flesh that is in the Corners of the Eyes THe Affects of this Angular flesh are I. Rhyas or a Diminution of the Caruncle Viz. The little piece of Flesh that is situate in the greater Angle or Corner of the Eye upon which there flow forth involuntary Tears It ariseth either from a defect of Aliment or else from Corrosion and this either proceeding from Corrosive Medicaments or else from the afflux of a sharp and Tart Humor and it happneth after the Epiphora or dropping of the Eyes with Rhume the smal Pox and Measils and deep Ulcers or else from incision which can by no means be Cured II. Encanthis or the increment of the Caruncle according to the greater Angle or Cornet of the Eye It hath its Original either from the ill curing of the Pterygia as we cal them they are certain distempers in the little wings and as I may so term them of the Eyes or else from an overgreat afflux of aliment if the Malady be great and of long standing it s not then to be Cured without calling the assistance of Chirurgery III. Aegilops which is a little swelling arising betwixt the greater corner of the eye the root of the nose It proceedeth from a certain matter driven forth to the Corner of the Eye It is Variously divided 1. Into Anchilops which is a Tumor not yet broken and without any inflamation it proceedeth from a dul and sluggish Humor somwhat resembling honey and a Pultise that most commonly is shut up in the little bag thereof and affecting the part without solution of Unity and it is to be quite taken away by Section or cutting and 2. into Aegilops properly so called which is a swelling broken and with an inflamation It is known by the smart and pain that attendeth it the change of its color and the immobility and fixedness of the Tumor or swelling It hath its Rise from blood poured and shed forth of the Temple Veins the Forehead or the Face Veins and cheifly if there be a Concurrence of any external Cause It is Cured 1. With some Difficulty especially if it fiez upon the deeper parts thereof if when broken it retire inwardly because that it easily Corrupteth and spoileth the bones that lie underneach it if it come neer unto the Nature of a Cancer 2. Is cured after the manner of other inflamations And for the most part that kind of Fistula they cal Lacrymal followeth and attendeth upon it which as wel by Reason of the continual afflux as the perpetual motion of the Eye is for the most part to be accounted a Chronical Malady and distemper In its Cure before it be consolidated we ought wel to look and consider whether or no it hath contracted and gotten to it self a Callum as they term it or insensibleness and whether or no there be any bone Corrupted which the roughness of the bone or
at ful of the moon it groweth exceedingly and about the change or new moon it becomes altogether as flaggy and smal in appearance c. It hath its Rise from viscous and Clamy humors and cheifly from flegm mingled with the blood which falling down from out of the brain unto the exulcerated nostrils sticks fast in the Ulcers The Cure is by al means to be hastened lest that it turn into the Cancer It is accomplished either by Chirurgery or by cutting it off of which see further in the Practical Authors Or else by Pharmacheutickâ— or medicinal remedies and among them universal and general medicaments being first premised about the new of the moon therâ— are to be administred either the oyl of vitriol uncorrected dropt into wooll and after the flesh shal have been scarrified so applied unto the part affected or else tents of the Gentian Root by the prescript of Hartman or Joel his liniments It is divided after a twofold manner I. One is soft and white which being void of al pain is the more easily and the sooner cured Another inclining somwhat unto a Reddish color which is more difficult in the curing Another Livid or black and blewish which refuseth by any means to be cured and soon degenerateth into a cancer In this affect there are commended the yolks of new laid eggs beaten together in a leaden morteâ— even unto a blackness and then made up into the form of an unguent with one scruple of Camphire Another hard in which Emollients in the form of a fomentation ought to be premized II. Another is profound and deep which in regard that it is neerer unto the brain is therefore withal the more dangerous Another such as is to be discerned by the eyes and hath its existence and being somewhat more outwardly Chap. 2. Of the Hemorrhage or Bleeding of the Nostrils THe Hemorrhage is an immoderate excresion and in the whole kind thereof besides and above the course of nature of the blood by the veins of the nose the said veins being divided rarefied or opened The thing we are now treating of is to be understood of that homorrhage that is Symptomatical and not of that which is meerly Critical which is caused in Feavers by the strength and vigor of nature with signs foregoing of concoction and a Crisis on that day the Judgment is to be made and which dischargeth and terminateth the disease The SIGNES of this Affect are of themselves sufficiently manifest It is foreknown by that Anarropia as they term it or tending upwards of the humors unto the superior parts the which is signified by the pain of the head and neck the heaviness of the temples the dimness of the Eyes the extension or stretching forth of the Hypochondrium involuntary tears difficulty of breathing c. The CAUSES are whatsoever it be that can open divide or rarefie the veins of the nose of al which we shal make mention in the differences The CURE is difficult if it be so immoderate and immeasurable that in cholerick bodies the Choller inflaming and burning the blood the face becometh of a Citron or oringe color in Flegmatik bodies the flegm being multiplied of a leaden color and in melancholly bodyes of a black and duskish color and if it flow forth to the quantity of four pints therof if it befal such as are Phlegmatick and melancholly in regard that they are more cold thereby than are the sanguine or Chollerick if it affect those that are of an high and red color with a certain kind of pain in the head if it doth not terminate and put an end to that disease wherein it happeneth and that a chilness and stifness follow thereupon because that the body being exhausted of spirits is extreamly cooled and chilled and by this means breedeth diseases that last and continue a long while It is not at al to be attempted in those persons that in a burning Feaver are afflicted with pains in the head together with aches in the neck and the whole body and where there is present a weakness with a kind of trembling in regard that this putteth an end unto the disease in those whose monthly Courses fail them in those that are afflicted either with deafness or the distorsion of the back bone and a difficulty of breathing or else with a strong pain in the inferior parts al other things being thereunto answerable and correspondent It is very doubtful if in the affects of the Liver it flow from out of the left nostril and in the affects of the spleen out of the right nostril and especially if it be accompanied with a sweating of the Breast or head if it happen to those that are Feaverish and that thereupon when they begin to Recover the belly is humectated and becommeth overmuch moystned in regard that the nattural innate heat being debilitated a dropsie is very likely to follow thereupon if it happen to be attended with weake faint and as we cal them cold sweaâ—s and therewithal a kind of chilness because that hereby is signified and shown an extream and overgreat dissollution and subversion of the Spirits if in an accute disease it hath together with it joyned a quick and suden motion of the eyes a turbulent and troubelsom sleep frequent watchings or want of duesleep it in acute and burning Feavers on the fourth day there issue forth drop by drop a thick gross and black blood together with other Sympcoms because this argueth evidenceth the imbicility or weakness of nature and lastly if such a bleeding chance to be in diseases of long continuance It is wrought and accomplished I. By Revulsion by opening of the median vein provided that the said venesection be moderate and as often as there shal be cause Repeated on that side the nostril is of out of which the said blood floweth as also by cupping-gasses applied unto the hypochondria if the blood be not naught by Frictions c. II. By those Medicaments that stanch and stop the Hemorrhage or bleeding flux and those either such as are Cooling or astringent and binding or of an agglutinating Nature or else lastly such as act and operate by a secret and occult quallity and theâ—e aforesaid medicaments either to be outwardly applied or else drunk in and taken down inwardly In the number of those Remedies that are internal and to be taken into the body the cheif that we know of are beleeved to be these Sperniolae compositum or the composition of frogs mentioned and prescribed by Crollius three or foure grains hereof to be administred in the water of the herb shepards pouch Crocus Martis with the Juyce of Quinces and some few grains of Opiate Laudanum the Syrup of Coralls of Quercetan in a Chalybeat water the Extract of Crocus Martis three grains therof with plantane water the sperm or seed of frogs collected in the spring time dryed and then drunk with wine Among the External Remedies the unguent of Quercetane
extendeth it self and reacheth even unto the spina or Backbone where the membrains that touch upon the Pleura are fastened and upheld and this pain is more remiss and moderate unless the membrain be together inflamed but if it be then the pain withal becometh extreamly pricking There is likewise a difficulty of Breathing and indeed greater than that in a Pleurisie so as that the sick person is with extream hazard and peril of suffocation enforced in a strait upright posture to draw his breath the brest or Thorax in that kind of situation being the more easily dilated forasmuch as in those that ly along in their beds it falleth down because that the parts of the Thorax or breast decline and rest themselves upon the spina or backbone which being erected the Thorax is likewise together born out and so is no longer heavy and burthensom unto it self The aforesaid Respiration is sublime so that in it the very top of the Thorax is moved even unto the very covering of the shoulder-blades it is also frequent and often in the begining and likewise it is greater than ordinary which in a short time by reason of the weakness and decay of the natural vigour and the instruments of breathing is chainged into that which is far less and is increased by the frequency thereof The Breathing is hot and because that by the expulsion of the sooty and misty vapours the Heart is lightened they are therefore the more eased and lightened the more they breath forth the aforesaid offensive and oppressing sumes The sharpness of it in a feaver is greater than in the pleurisie in regard of the neer neighborhood of the heart and hereupon there exhale hot vapours unto the Head which hurrying the blood along together with them make an impression upon the cheeks where the skin is but thin and so cause the face â—o become red the eyes and the Temple veins swel the cough is very troublesom by reason of the affect of the Lungs It is conjoined and accompanyed with spitle that is tenâ— forth at first with a kind of thinner putrefied and rotten matter and by and by dyed with blood and likewise otherwhile otherwise colorea and somtimes it is spit forth ful of froth The CAUSE is blood which is poured forth of the right angle or comor of the Heart into that vein that we cal Arteriosa and so filleth not only the veins and Arteries of the lungs but likewise also the whol body It is raysed and stirred up from external causes as a cold Air and especially the cold northern Air immediatly following upon the southerly the drinking of generous and strong wines a violent and more vehement motion after long rest and quietness and this upon a ful stomach the body being likewise ful and wanting Evacuation Anger and other the passions of the mind c. There is some hopes of a CURE if the Spitle being of a mingled red and yellowish color give out and intimate any sign of concoction in the Lungs affected and if the impostumations be thrust forth either unto the Ears or unto the inferior seats of the Thorax and so they either pass and turn into a fistula and so may be evacuated or else they are derived unto the Thighs It is somthing doubtful if there be want of spittle by reason of the contumacy or unpliablness of the matter and the imbicility of the natural powers if there issue forth and appear with much and thick urine those sweats that at first did arise about the neck and the head because those aforesaid sweats are thought to preceed from a forcible constraint suffocation and violence As for al other things in the cure if foloweth the method of other inflamations If it succeed any otherdisease and the blood be already evacuated then Cupping-Glasses with scarification ought to be applyed unto the Arms and the Thorax or Chest let the Expectorations be of the stronger sort and so likewise the Topical Remedyes The difference is taken from the subject and the causes I. One is of the whole lungs which if together with the heart it be inflamed to that it proceed exceed it self unto the side it then produceth in the sick person a resolution or palsie For the blood flowing abundantly into the great Artery so that the intercostal Arteries are thereby filled and so that also those little branches that penetrate throw the holes of the vertebra of the Thorax into the spinal marrow do swel the Nerves there passing sorth from the spinal are compressed and being thus pressed together they cause a resolution and Palsy Another there is of the one side or other of the Luâ—gs and not in the whole and then there is a pain and heaviness self sensibly and perceived in the one or the other part thereof if the upper wing be disaffected and suffer then the Affect extendeth it self even to the Channel bones of the throat but if the lower then it reacheth unto the diaphragm The vein on that side wherein the inflamation is ought to be opened II. One is from pure blood from whence there ariseth a Phlegmone It is known by this that there is produced a bloody spittle unless haply the disease be extremely Crude a streightness of the pracoerdia and of the whol Breast oppresseth the party an extraordinary great intence heaviness contracteth the stern to wit that part of the Breast where the ribbs meet and the Back the Patient is not much afflicted with any acute Fever But now that blood sometimes in the Angina or quinsy breaketh forth violently out of the Jaws and then they die within seven daies if they escape these then they become purulent And because that in those that are in the midst betwixt old age and the vigorous flourishing estate of those of ful and perfect growth the expulsive faculty is more Languid and weak than in yonger persons they are therefore not to be cured but with much difficultty Sometimes it is derived thither from the Pleurisy and yet not by the vessells because that there is no convayence for them but by the membrane that investeth al the parts of the Thorax and then in this case likewise in regard there is a translation of the matter from the outward parts unto the inward that is to say from the less noble unto the more noble parts and such as are nigher unto the Heart the Malady is therefore the more dangerous Another from Chollerick blood from whence it is that the Quinsey is frequently turned into the Peripneumonia and the Luugs being of a spungy substance doth easily admit of a Cholerick and the thinner sort of matter and drink eth it in more deep than other It is known by this that the cough rayseth a yellow spittle and that that is not mingled with much blood the streightness of the Chest and the sence of weight and the veins is less than in the former differences and lastly it is known by this that the
by the various color of the faceone while red and as soon again pale and wane Now these wounds are Caused in a twofold manner For Somtimes it so chanseth nhat the fleshy substance of tee lungs may be hurt and then in regard that the blood destilled inthe Cavity of the Thorax and that neither a spitting of blood nor any Cough whatsoever urgeth the party the breathing thereupon is not without much difficulty ther appearreth a virlssitude or interchange of heat and cold by reason of the exhalations and fumes from out of the heart Sometimes the veins of the Lungs are affected and then there floweth forth in great abundance a blood somwhat red black and frothy the Cough likewise is perpetual unless perhaps there be present a prostration and decay of the Natural strenghth and vigour or an oppression of the Lungs from the blood They are Cured I. If the profuse flux of blood be stanched and the inflamation unto which the Lungs by this means becometh obnoxious be prevented and hindered by venesetion II. If the blood in him where it was poured forth into the Cavity subsist and abide there III. If when the sayd blood cannot flow forth by reason of the narrowness of the wound the said wound be widened with a penknife Among those Medicaments that stanch and stop the blood there are these viz. The Strawbery bush Betony Scabious the herb Ladies mantle sanicle Comfry c. without these are altogether void of any biting quality viz. Bole armeniack Frankincense c. Read more of this subject in the guide to Physick and Chyrurgery Riverius Practice of Physick and his Observations and the London dispensatory al the last Editions englished by me Chap. 5. Of the Ulcer of the Lungs or Phthisis PHthisis is an Exulceration of the Lungs from a sharp corroding matter with a gentle Fever a Ccough and a spittle that is both bloody and purulent by the which the whol body is sensibly and by little and little consumed and extenuated The Subject of this exulceration is the Lungs together with the parts thereof towit the fleshy substance the lappets the vessells and the Membranes in those especially that have their heads easily and soon filled and where the head sendeth many distillations unto the organs of breathing in those that from their very nativity have their Lungs of a vicious substance that is such as is tender soft and easily wasted as being most subject to corruption And hence it is that such as are descended of a tabid stock that is to say those that issue from parents affected as beforesayd do all of them at the length as it were by a right of inheritance necessarily wast away and consume in the aforesaid manner in those that naturally have a streightness and narrowness of the Chest and likwise a depression of the same a streight neck or narrow throat a lean and spare body and their shoulder blades sticking out behind them like as if they were wings The Signs are a Gentle and moderate Fever proceeding from vapors elevated and arising out of the Lungs and assaulting the heart by their sudeen and violent irruption therunto with which there are also joyned other feavers that are otherwise sometimes Erratick and fleeting and sometimes again invading the patient after the maner of a Tertian whilest that the humors within the veins by that heat as were kindled and set on fire corrupt and putrefy and this the truth is being by its continuance and without any the least intermission turned into the Hectick immediately after meales and in the night time like as do others increaseth and groweth more prevalent 2. A frequent Cough like unto that of foxes without any great pain which cheifly afflicteth and troubleth the party in the night time and it hath its existence from a matter that is sharp by reason of the irritation of the Lungs 3. A bloody and purulent spittle but this is not in al. Some there have been found who after their retching and the spitting up of a liquid and yellow humor being soon after seazed upon by a light and gentle fever have thereupon begun to fal away and wast and after som time have cast forth by retching a certain smal quantity of blood together with a kind of Pus or corrupt matter and many have been by sensible degrees taken away in whom throughout the whol course of their lives there appeared nothing at al of this bloody and purulent spittle But I must tel you that this Phthisis is incident unto those that are young rather than unto aged persons in regard that young persons most commonly abound with blood and consequently are affected with the heat and acrimony thereof with the laxity or loosness of the vessels and likewise the hardness of the same and in regard likewise that these excercise themselves in a more violent manner and have little regard to their diet This hath one thing singular as propperly and peculiarly belonging thereunto towit that it proceed from the very substance of the Lungs it is then frothy and if it be put into the fire it stinketh and is very offensive to the scent 4. The extenuation of the body which is from the aforesaid continual but gentle fever the which by its fiery heat dispersed throughout the whol body dissolving the Arterial blood the mingling whereof together with that of the Veins is altogether necessary unto Nutrition hindereth the Concoction of the Aliment in the whole body and by its preternatural heat wasteth and consumeth that which is Concocted and stored up The CAUSE is a sharp corroding matter fallen down thither of which we shall speak further in the differences The CURE is not to be despaired of no not though it be attended with an Ulcer already appearing For Galen sendeth such to Tabae a City in Cilicia and prescribeth milk for their Diet. Yet notwithstanding it is something Difficult as wel in regard that the filth and purulent matter sticking in that soft and Spungy flesh cannot without a Cough be purged forth by which the Lungs are from day to day more hurt and prejudiced as because that in this dayly motion of respiration or breathing unto which there is moreover added and adjoyned a violent cough there cannot possibly be any Consolidation made and also in the third place because that Medicaments in their ful strength and Virtue cannot penetrate so far and lastly because that Feavers require moistening Remedies which are altogethet hurtful to an Ulcer The Cure hath cheifly respect unto these six things in Particular I. The removal and taking away of the Catarrhe touching which more below in the Difference II. The Cure of the ulcer here there is commended Flores Sulphuris or the flower of Brimstone as we commonly cal it with a soft and rere egg syrup de Erysimo or water Cresses of Lobelius of the Juyce of Ground Ivy with the Flower of Brimstone of Marsh-Mallows of Fernelius of the Juyce of Mouse
the body be Plethorical if it be not directly on the side affected 2. That if the courses or the Hemorrhoids be suddenly suppressed then the evacuation is in the first place to be out of the ancle vein or that of the Ham but if the suppression hath been of long continuance out of the arm vein 3. That in derivation the blood is to be drawn forth so long as until the color of it be changed 4. That fomentations may be administred to moderate the pain in a body that is not Plethorical yea even before Phlebotomy but not so when the Body of the patient is Plethorical And for this end and purpose excellent good is the Unguent made of dialthea or of Marshmallows one ounce thereof and half an ounce of the oyl of sweet Almonds with the pained parts ought to be al over anointed and upon it the fine small pouder of Camomile flowers is to be lightly strewed and then the leaf of a Colwort or Cabbage anoynted with Butter or hogs fat is to be laid upon it very hot and this is to be continually done dureing the whol time of the cure adding likewise a little of the distilled oyl of dil Champhyre 5. That forthwith in the very first beginning a sweat may very fitly and properly be raysed and excited by exhibiting either of the water of the Poppy Roses three ounces there of with one dram of the pouder of Corral red Filberds the Jaws of the Luce-fish or Pike or else of the simple Mixture one dram with the water of Carduus Mariae or of the Spirit of Nitre with the spirit of Wine of each one scruple the spirit of Tarttar half a scruple in the water of Poppy Roses or else the simple water thereof c. 6. That pectoral decoctions together with their appropriates are continually to be administred after the premizing of universals that so the spitting may be facillitated 7. That these following have in them a Specifical propriety of operation to wit the flower of the wild poppy of the dry dock and of the white Eglentine or sweet Brier the seed of Carduus Muriae the Bulls pizzle or the pizzle of the Hart or Stagg the shavings of the Boars tooth c. see Petraeus Al which are to be made into a very fine pouder and then to be put upon bread that hath been wel dipt in Scabious water 8. That the impostume may best be broken with a Cataplasm of the herb kaly the roots of the White lily while they are new and fresh c. applied unto the side that is payned 9. That after al those aforesaid Chalybeated milk unless a Feaver hinder it is the best I. One is as we may term it Legitimate and exquisite unto the which only whatever was sayd before as to this poynt is to be referred and understood thereof which I. ariseth either from blood that is pure in which there is a bloody spittle an extension of the veins about the Temples and the forehead with a sence of heaviness neer about the hollow of the Eyes the fore parts of the head or else from a blood that is Cholerick in which the spittle is yellow and which if it suddenly vanish without any apparent cause the sick person is immediately surprised with dotage It is best and soonest of al cured by opening the salvatella vein or thirdly from a Phlegmatick blood in which the spittle is frothy more slow and as it were sweet the syrup of Zacutus in the Eight Book Chap. 3. of his History is very efficacious in this kind or else lastly from a Melancholy blood which very rarely happeneth by way of afflux II. It affecteth either the interior tunicle and then the sick person doth with the more ease lie and rest upon the grieved side in regard that now the tumor is not immediately under it neither doth it in this case distend the grieved part or else the Exterior about the bones and then the case is quite contrary unto the former or otherwise both of them and then the patient lying upon the back is the freer from pain III. It affecteth either the right or the left side or the superior part extending it self to the throat or else the inferior reaching even unto the Hypochondria II. Another is bastard and spurious which is distinguished according to the quality of the matter and the manner of its situation One is from Windiness in which the pain is not fixed but runneth from place to place it is mitigated and oftentimes wholly dispelled by fomentations there went before causes generating windiness the pouder of Cummin sprinkled and strewed upon a Cabbage leafe anointed or spread over with butter and outwardly applied unto the pained part is very successful in giving ease Another from a distilation which hath with it a sence and feeling of a defluxion or something at certain times falling down it is exasperated by being touched neither doth it any whit yield unto fomentations the cure is to proceed according to that of a thin catarth Another is externally when the blood thorow the branches from the Axillar is ramus is emptied forth into the External Muscles of the Thorax and then the pain waxeth very intolerable upon the pressure thereof lying down upon the grieved side is extreamly troublesome there is in this case nothing cast forth by spitting and the transition or passing over of it into that which above we termed Vera or the true and exquisite Pluresy is very facile and easy Chap. 3. Of Empyema EMpyema is the Constipation of the Cavity of the Thorax or Breast from an abundant purulent matter causing and producing a difficulty of breathing with a Cough and a purulent or rotten spitting The Subject is the Cavity and capacity of the Thorax being that void space betwixt the Thorax and the Lungs albeit the Lungs themselves and the vessells thereof may not here be altogether excluded But now indeed because that the Lungs by the Mediastine is divided into two parts the Pus is collected either in the one or the other part or else in both of them together The Signs are a difficulty of breathing with a spitting and a perpetual purulent Coughing a sense and feeling of a heavy and dul pain in the bottom of the Thorax and especially neer about the diaphragm a redness of the Cheeks and that chiefly about three or four hours after meals c. The Cause is that very purulent filth it self filling up the Thorax the abundance whereof together with its stinking smell and acrimony inflicteth very sad and grievous pain and mischief There is some hope of a cure if upon the opening or burning there flow forth a white Pus or corruption if it be rather on the right side than the left and that the Patient be strong and able No hopes if the whole Thorax be lifted up in the breathing if the whol cavity be possessed if the left side if upon the lancing or burning of it that
Juyce the skin is to be condused and made thicker with the oyl of the mirtle tree and with the oyl of Mastick or else it is from the thinness of those things that are to be retained and therefore here those meats that are not over fluid and easily dissipated have their place as being most fit and proper 2. By Evacuations that are sensible as wel of the blood as of other humors where Note that these Evacuations are to be stopped that the body ought not to be besprinkled with those things that are cold that in a large and abundant sweat only such things as close and bind the skin are to have any place or use 3. By diseases as overmuch want of rest and sleep of which enough before a vehement pain the gnawing or pain of the stomach the Colick pain the Nephritick or pain of the stone in the kidneyes or blader the pain of the Teeth c. a sudden breaking of an impostume in which there may a restauration be made by restorative meats sweet smels and rest 4. By such things as are evedent and apparent as namely extream hunger the immoderate use of venus too much and over violent exercise c. III. Another from the alteration and corruption of the spirits which is caused by a malignant matter whether external or internal as for instance the rottenness of humors poyson drunk and taken down the bitting of venemous Creatures and then the Cure is to be sought for in its peculiar and proper place IV. Another from the suffocation of the spirits which is caused 1. By overmuch blood and then there are present and appear signs of a plethory and in this case the opening of the Basilick vein helpeth much 2. A humor that is Crude and thick very much abounding about the heart and the veins and arteries thereof the capsula or purse of the heart and the neer neighboring members and this is either there cellected or else transmitted either from the head and other parts and then the habit of the body is Hydropical neither can the patient undergoe and bear either the opening of a vein or purgation Frictions or rubbings downwards anoyntings with oyls that open and loosen the use of Oximel with the decoction of other things that cut and divide and fasting unless the pulse be suddenly changed and discover an extraordinary weakness al these help and conduce much to a Recovery 3. By fuligenous vapours gathered together in great abundance about the Heart and the Members adjacent by which the respiration or breathing is hurt these are soonest and best taken away by discussives 4. By a Sudden Terror and Fear for which Evacuation is most convenient lest that from the afflux of Blood some obstruction in the Vessels or else an Inflamation should be excited For what remaineth see further to the Treatises of the Practical Physitians Title VIII Of the Affects of the Paps or breasts in Women Chap. 1. Of the Diseases of the Papps Article I. Of the Tumors or Swellings of the Paps THe Affects of the Paps or Dugs are either Diseases or Symptoms unto the former of these there belong Tumors the Cancer and the Magnitude The Tumors of the Paps are four I. An Inflamation which is a hard swelling It is known by the redness the pain the pulse or beating and the heat thereof by which it differeth from that we cal the Clotting or Curdling of the Milk and the overgreat abundance thereof It ariseth from the great store of Blood that is attracted transmitted or suppressed It is Cured 1. By a Diet that is thin and spare cooling and moistening 2. By Diversion which is performed by letting blood in the Ankle if the Causes be suppressed 3. By Evacuation by opening the internal Vein of the same side and so letting out the Blood as also by a gentle Purgation 4. By the Application of Topical Remedys in the Inflamation of such as thereunto accustomed And here we are to take Notice that the Repellers ought to be temperate lest that the Heart be overmuch cooled that in the Augmentation thereof there is commended beer and butter wel warmed and so applied that the extream Hardness may most properly and succesfully be prevented and removed by the Medicament that is formed and made of the Marrow of a Calves Thigh two ounces thereof of Oesipus or the moisture of greasie sheeps Wool one ounce of Saffron four scruples of Cummin wel bruised two scruples that when it is Suppurated in regard that the Breasts or Paps are Spungy and ful of hollow Caveties it is most commonly to be opened in divers places thereof that the Pap affected is very rarely cured and healed unless the Milk of the other that is sound be dryed up in regard that the blood equally floweth unto both and lastly that the Pain is to be moderated and mitigated if it be in Summer most fitly with the Leaves of Henbane if it be in the Winter then with the Roots of the said Henbane roasted under the Embers and then wel beaten together with Hogs Grease II. Oedema which is somtimes diffused and spread abroad throughout the whol Paps or Breasts so that they wholly and equally swel It is known by this that it is soft and that by intervals and at certain times to wit in the time that the Courses flow the swelling and the pain is exasperated but yet notwithstanding that there is evermore some of the swelling remayning The Original and the Cure hereof are to be sought for out of that which is spoken in the general touching these Tumors And here it is only to be Observed 1. That in the retention of the Courses those meats that are Tosted and Roasted are not so fit and convenient 2. That the stronger sort of Maturatives are to be made choice of in regard that here the matter is tenacious and very loth to yield 3. That a due regard is likewise to be had of the Stomach that is the Receptacle of the Flegm III. The Scirrhus of the Paps is either Exquisite or not Exquisite 1. The Exquisite is various I. One is that which is but newly begun or but now beginning which upon the touching thereof is a little painful and in this regard it is distinguished from a Cancer that is likewise but now beginning and it is very hardly Cured Another Old and Inveterate which is hard without pain incurable by Medicaments especially if it resemble the color of Capers or if haires grow therein it is somtimes Cured by Manual operation II. Another is by the Congestion or heaping up of a Humor that is in it self thick in the Curing of which we are not to use Vinegar either in the beginning or long at any time lest that either the residue thereof should be hardened and become like unto a stone or else that the substance of the part being overdryed should wast and consume away neither ought we to attempt any thing by Manual operation if the whol
Breasts or Paps Wax hard and that the swelling so add hereunto the Thorax or Chest that without extream peril it may not be thence removed Another by Resolution in which the thinner part is dryed up by preposterous Medicaments and which Galen Cured by an Evaporation of the sharpest and sourest Vinegar poured forth upon the Pyrites stone we cal it the fire stone Red hot but this was after the use of liquid and moystening Medicaments In the Curing of them al we must be sure that we have a special regard unto the Spleen and the suppressed Courses and that Emollients and Resolvers succeed one the other and be interchangably applied 2. The Scirrhus not Exquisite is known by this that the swelling is bigger than in a Cancer of the color of Ashes with an hardness and the Veins thereof somwhat black and blewish in the outward parts and that it somtimes vexeth the Party especially upon the neer approching of the Menstrua or Courses It ariseth from Black Choler mingled together with Melancholly especially in such as are barren or such which soon ceased their Child-bearing or else lastly those that have altogether a suppression of their Termes or monthly Courses In the Curing hereof among the Repellers without astriction there is commended the Unguent of Frogs of which see further in Castrensis his first Book of the Diseases of Women Chapter 21. See likewise touching the Manual Operation in the Same Author IV. A Windy Tumor which is known by this that the pain is very acute especially in the left breast with an Excruciating and torture of the Arm the whol side the Ribs and the Shoulder blades It ariseth from an Exhalation that is thick and drawn up from the Menstrua or the Seed suppressed or else from some other Excrements and so extending the said Paps In the Cure hereof take notice that a Linnen Cloath soaked in Soapsuds or else wet in Water and then dryed is commended for dissipation and when there is occasion to disperse and Scatter and that the Pain is wel mitigated with bread taken hot out of the Oven and then moystened with the Oyl of Nard the shops cal it Oleum Nardinum and of Rue Article II. Of the Cancer and Greatness of the Paps I. The signs of the Cancer in the Breasts as also the Causes and the Cure may be known and sufficiently understood by what hath been already said in the Second Book touching a Cancer Let it suffice here only to add I. That the Cancer that is not Exulcerated may be rendered and made more milde and gentle if the Courses being recalled return to their pristine state and condition either by the Course and Vigor of Nature or else by the assistance of Art and the help of Medicaments or else if the Body be preserved free from a Cacochymy either by a good order of Diet or else by Medicaments There may likewise be applied unto it that Unguent that it compounded of Lithargyrum two ounces thereof in a Marble Mortar drawn about with a Leaden Pestle and incorporated with Rose-water and the Oyl of Roses of each three ounces II. For the Cure of the Cancer Exulcerated see in Hartman who writeth that the said Cancer may be perfectly Cured with Aqua Fuliginis that hath in it a clensing Faculty and with the Oyl of Arsenick fixed and wel tempered in Plantane Water II. The Magnitude of the Paps unseemly as it is is exposed unto the sight It ariseth from the often handling and stroaking of them and especially from the great abundance of Flatulency and windiness the Retention of the Courses c. The Cure hereof ought therefore to be Endeavored because that by how much the greater and bigger they grow but so much the more easily they may be affected with the Cancer It is performed 1. By Meats that are Astringent but little or not at all flatulent or Windy 2. By Driving back the blood or other the Humors flowing unto them and here the Juyce of Hemlock and the Partridg Eggs anoynted upon the place are much approved of 3. By the Discussion of that that is already gotten unto the part affected for which purpose that Unguent that is compounded of the Dirt or Clay that is to be found in Barbers Mils two ounces thereof the Oyl of Myrtle one ounce and Vinegar half an ounce is much commended 4. By the Compression of them by Artificial ones of Lead anoynted on the inside with the Oyl of the Seed of Henbane c. Chap. 2. Of the Symptomes of the Breasts Article I. Of the want of Milk too great abundance thereof and its Coagulation or Curdling THe Symptomes of the Breasts are the Defect Redundence and Coagulation of the Milk I. The Defect of Milk according to the Nature of the Causes is twofold For one is from a Fauâ—â— in the Blood which faileth by reason of Disâ—â—â— that over dry the body from a distemper in the Liver from much rasting and spareness of Diet and lastly from extraordinary Evacuations of al which there must be care taken in the Cure Now to generate and breed Milk these things following are experimentally found to be good Namely Crystal prepared the leaves Roots and Seed of Fennel while they are fresh and green the ponder of Earth-worms prepared and taken in Wine the Electuary of Zacuthus in the Ninth Book of his Pract. Hist and last Chapter Another is from somthing amiss in the Lactificall or Milk breeding Faculty when it is so weak that it can neither attract the blood nor contract it either by reason of External refrigerating Causes and such as are likewise Astringent or else by reason of other Diseases unto which we ought to have due respect in the Cure II. The Redundance or over great store of Milk proceedeth from the abundance of blood and a strong Lactifical Faculty In the Cure the Luxury and prodigality of Nature in the breeding of Milk is to be restrained and the Milk that exceedeth and is over and above ought to be dissipated and dryed up For this purpose venesection in the first place is approved of and then driving back by Medicaments which ought to be put upon the Paps towards the Arms And also those Medicaments that wast away and lessen the Milk such as that they cal Muria a kind of brinish Liquor or Pickle with the pouder of Cummin and Hemlock Boyled in Chervil Water and Vinegar c. III. The Coagulation or Curdling of the Milk is then Caused when the more thin and subtile parts do by little little exhale the thicker remain behind from whence the Glandules or Kernels wax hard and swellings yea and also impostumes arise In this Case the Infant ought not to be suckled out of the Breasts affected and yet notwithstanding the Milk is to be suckt out lest that which is bred anew should be Curdled by that Milk that is already become as it were Cheese and that part of the Curdled Milk that begins
to be grateful to the Stomach rather solid than liquid rather meats that are Medicinal than exact Medecines mixt with astringent things that the Stomach be not Relaxed not sharp Salt corroding lest they offend the mouth of the Stomach if the Medicines be external they must be applied to the sword-like Cartilage towards the Navel and upon the back to the twelfth and thirteenth Vertebrae II. By taking away the Causes both External and Internal III. By Strengthening the Stomach where appropriate Medicines take place as the Magistral of red Coral the inward Coat of a Hens maw c. 'T is divided into a distemper without or with matter of which in the following Articles Article II. Of the Distemper of the Stomach without matter A Distemper of the Stomach without matter is a preternatural disposition of the similar Parts of the Stomach in its qualities produced by external and Internal Causes without the presence of any Humor Its SIGNS and Causes shal be explained in the differences the Cure relies only on alteration and removing the Causes 'T is divided according to the qualities I. One is Hot which is known from the want of appetite to meat indorous Belchings clamminess of Spittle dryness of the jaws and Tongue it ariseth externally from the six non Natural things encreasing its heat internally from internal Diseases burning Feavers Inflamation of the Liver Spleen c. 'T is Cured 1. With cooling things but lightly and not too long applied 2. With cooling Diet where Barley Water takes place and Emulsions of the four greater cold seeds II. Another is cold which it known from the greatness of appetite unless it be too cold by sour belchings if neither much nor cold meats have been eaten nor flegm do abound by wind and two much spitting It ariseth externally from the six non Natural things internally from the parts incumbent as the Liver Spleen and Muscls of the Belly which induce a coldness 'T is Cured 1. By appropriate heaters but not too much inwardly and outwardly moist lest driness be caused 2. By Diet where Wormwood Wine takes place it is distinguished into a positive of which we have now treated and a privative which is conjoined with driness It ariseth from the defect of innate heat which is Caused by things that heat too much as the frequent use of Wine the want of nourishment the heat and driness of the incumbent Parts as of the Liver of the muscles of the Belly and the Cal. III. Another moist which is known by want of thirst by abundance of spittle c. it ariseth from external Causes inducing moisture it is Cured 1. With dryers without eminent heat or cold as are the ashes of Hens Guts of Swallows burnt harts horn red Coral troschiskes of Vipers Galangal burnt Salt 2. By a contrary Diet. IV. Another dry which is known by the extenuation and Contraction of the Region of the Stomach which is accompanied with a slenderness of the whol body It ariseth externally from a drying Diet too much emptying and fumes of mettals internally from the dryness of the incumbent parts The cure is the more difficult because with the Feaverish heat it induceth a consumption if vomiting happen it argues a great want of innate heat the Cure is performed 1. By moistening which is best of al accomplisht by nourishments that are medicinal 2. by Diet where Milk takes place beginning with a smal dose new layed Eggs Almonds Raisons Pine Nuts c. There is another compound the Nature of which may be collected from the simple those that labor of a hot and dry distemper have little blood unfit for nourishment are lean bound in body with Veins eminent subject to the dry Scab Article III. Of the distemper of the stomach with matter A distemper of the stomach with matter is when the stomach fals from its temper by reason of some humor either generated there or falling thither from some other place The Signs and causes are put in the difinition in the differences they shal be more largely Explained The CURE is finisht 1. By the alteration and evacuation of the peccant humor 2. By strengthning of the part by appropriate external meats Looke into the differences The Differences of this Distemper are Divers One is from the matter generated in the stomach then the symptoms appeare continually the whole body and al the members are sound It is cured by emptying of the matter which is comodiously done by medicines of aloes hiera picra mechoacan and by corroborating the part Another is from matter falling from another part then that part which was periodically affected is no longer troubled some accustomary evacuation is supprest or the usual diet hath bin changed or somewhat stops in the whole body or in some particular part The symptomes are more remisse For the cure we must have respect to the parts that send the matter II. Another is from the matter sticking in the cavety of the stomach then there is a waving or nauseousness which is attended with vomitinge or a loosness Another from the matter impacted in the coates of the stomach then there is a nauseousness without vomiting oftentimes with the hickops III. There is another chollerick viz. hot and dry which besides the former signes is discovered by nauseousness bitterness of the mouth with a certain sence of knawing and sometimes by chollerick vomitings It ariseth from choller either sent thither from the bladder of gal or generated there from corrupt meats 'T is cured 1. By dyet wherein chicken broath seasoned with lettice and endive doth excel 2. By emptying of the matter both by vomits made of the pouder of the down or flower of walnuts dryed in the smoak and given a dram weight in honey and water and purgers compounded of hiera picra 3. By alteration and coolers and moisteners amongst which do excel succory and violet water syrup of pomegranates of coral of Quercetan of strawberries currans tincture of roses letâ—â—ce and succory condite c. IV. There is another flegmatick to wit cold moist which is known both by the signs formerly reckoned up and by a sence of heaviness in the stomach especially some hours after meat by a waving sowr belching it proceeds from thin or thick flegm t is cured 1. By emptyers both by vomit to which in thick flegm we ought to premise things incisive given in a solid form amongst which excels diatrion pipereon diacalaminth the essence of balme penny-royal c. and by purging so that the purges be administred either alone or mixt with preparatives The vomiters are viz. of salt of vitriol given in broth oxymel with the decoction of radish Heurnius his vomiter of hellebor 2. By strengtheners amongst which excels inwardly taken the roots of callamus aromaticus and citron pills and of oranges with the phylosophical spirit of vitriol and the Elixir proprietatis outwardly ointments compounded of the distilled oyls of wormwood mint cudmin peneroyal mastick a
are exprest in the definition The CURE which also must be hastened doth respect 1. The bringing forth and discussing that flatulent spirit where Clysters and carminative decoctions take place 2. A Removal of the Cause from which it ariseth of which in the differences As concerning the Differences One is From the fiery heat of the stomach corrupting the meats and converting them into a nidorous matter and sharp vapors in which the cure must be turned against a hot distemper and outwardly the boyling hot hypochondries must be cooled Another is from sharp and windy nourishments as Raddish Rocket Seed fryed Egs and the like and then the matter must be emptyed and give diartion Piperion Another is from Black-choler and other adust and Salt Humors lurking about the Hypochondries and growing hot by the mixture of another Humor as we see Salts and saline spirits being mixt with acrid spirits do yeild a great quantity of spirits Title III. Of the Affects of the Guts Chap. 1. Of the Diseases of the Guts THe Diseases of the Guts are Cheifly Inflamation Straitness Wormes Rupture Wounds Vlcers and the affects of the right Gut Article I. Of the Inflamation of the Guts An inflamation of the Guts is a swelling of them arising from blood out of its vessels falling into them and putrefying The SIGNS are a fixt and distending pain the perceiving of a Tumor that the Guts may be perceived to be rowled up like the strings of an instrument costiveness of body a stoppage of the Urin a Feaver present The CAUSE is explained in the definition In the Autum the blood chiefly flows thither by reason of its thinness because the thin and moveable Humors generated in the Summer by the inequal cold of the Autum are driven to the center of the body The CURE must be ordered according to the rule of other inflamations and that quickly because the evil is acute and oftentimes turnes to a gangrene and mortification The cooling Medicines which are administred for it ought to be without astriction we must wholy abstain from Purgers lest the place affected be exasperated 'T is divided according to the place and Causes I. One is of it self of which we have now treated another from the Navel Rupture of which in its place Another from the Rupture of the guts in which the Guts ought presently to be put back into their place Another from a contusion in which to those things which are applyed for the inflamation must be added somwhat lenifying and concocting II. One is in the smal guts which is most common in which a distention of the stomach straitness of breathing daily vomitings do molest that they are not able to contain their drink the pain and Torture tends most to the upward parts Another in the great Guts in which the pain reaches more to the Hypochondries there is a heaviness in the Loins and vomiting is not so continual Article II. Of the Straitness of the Guts The Straitness of the Guts is known cheifly by this that the Excrements of the Belly are not rightly cast forth by stoole It hath its Differences according to the Nature of the Causes I. One is from External things that are astringent and drying as quinces and other things which is known by the relation of the Patient and standers by In the Cure are required things moistening and mollifying fat things c. II. Another is from the Excrements hardned obstructing them which is known by this that there is no Tumor pain yet the Excrements are not cast forth It ariseth at that place especially where the smal and great Guts end either from too dry matter and drink to much diluted or from the heat of the neighbouring parts sucking up the moisture 'T is Cured by Mollifiers by a bath of sweet Water with emollient Herbs by the Grease of a rosted Goose cast in by a Clyster by blowing up the Guts with a Pair of bellows which must be followed with a strong Clyster with half a dram of Sal gema III. Another is from Inflamation of which we spake in the former Chapter IV. Another from the growing together of the Guts which is incurable V. Another from a Rupture or worms of which shal be spoken hereafter VI. Another from thick Flegm which is known by this that Causes generating that went before crudities flowness of the belly to stoode and much wind abound It ariseth from the fault of the Dier and the feeble heat of the Guts and if it stick there long it grows so thick that it wholly stops up the Guts It is Cured by things that cut flegm and sharp Clysters concerning which consult with the Chapter of the Cholick Article III. Of Worms Worms and smal creatures wholly preternatural generated in the guts out of a thick clammy and viscous Humor having in it the principal of life in its kind by a vivid heat raised up by putrefaction which do hinder the actions of the Guts The common signs are many to wit a stink in the mouth disturbed sleep with skipping trembling noise and gnashing of the Teeth Itching and often rubbing of the nose a pale face somtimes by fits ruddy hollow and dark Eyes the white of which is changed into a Saffron or Pale running of drivel from the Mouth more than usual a distension and puffing up of the belly with murmurs a knawing in the belly that exasperated in the time of hunger somtimes a loosness vomiting falling-sickness If in the morning while Children are fasting cold water be sprinkled on the Mouth of the stomach they wil al gather together and this sign hath most weight with it if the Age of the Child wil bear with it The CAUSE is a viscous and Flegmatick Humor which ariseth from much eating meats that easily corrupt generate a thick juyce as cheese Milk pulse decaying fruits sweet things sugard things honyed things c. It hath somthing analogous to seed endued with a formative faculty and a vivifying discretion which doth dispose the matter to receive this and no other form of worm and being disposed doth Cloath it with that from as we see peculiar worms do proceed out of wormwood Sea Salt a Horse a calfe Mulberry leaves Cheese Honey The CURE which is Difficult if there be many great ones red and of divers colors living if in the beginning of Feavers and acute Diseases as also in the augment by the malignity of the Disease they be Symptomatically voided Is Performed I. By things that kil them those which are bitter acrid Salt or enemies by their whol propriety ought to be given upwards but alwaies mixt with sweet things downwards premising sweet things then when they are in the lowest places or in the right Gut with them Oyl ought to be mixed that they may be stifled in it with cheese butter which they exceedingly fear The chiefe things that kil them are hot as Coralline given in pouder one dram Wormseed centory the less peach flowers Myrrh
in that a beating pain doth precede neer the affected place and there is neither biting nor looseness c. The CAUSES are sharp Humors corroding the Guts and peculiarly offensive to them conteining I know not what Antimonial Helleborine or somwhat like unto the Sea Lungs offensive to the Lungs and like to Cantharides inimicous to the bladder These infected by a Dysenterical Contagion peircing into the Veins and arteries do cause a Fermentation and imprint a disposition like unto it self by a stain on the whol mass of blood and stir it up with the other Humors as purgers do they fix also an evil disposition on the Guts so that the chyle passing by is changed into a vitious Humor and the Excrements of the Belly receive not a natural Elaboration and quality Somtimes in human bodies they are rendred such by the occult influences of the stars hence sucking children who never came into the open aire and were only nourisht with their Mothers Milk are somtimes taken with a Dysentery But they have their Original from Waters carried through Leaden and Old condites from the spring Aire rainy and southerly after a dry and northerly winter both by reason that the drying up of the Humors is hindred and by the strong puttefying power in moisture from a hot and dry Aire thence at the begining of the autum and end of the Summer this Disease is raised and Reigns cheifly in the hottest Countries From evil and unaccustomary Meats hence in Aegypt and India 't is common because they feed on the flesh of beasts which are nourisht by Cassia Fistula From autum Fruits both because they easily putrefie and because by their astriction they retaine those which are putrefied The use of Grapes and new Wine because they make a Fermentation and are easily tainted with foulness Blasting dews The CURE is Difficult in women by reason of their tenderness and weakness in Children by reason their Guts are moister and therefore subject to Putrefaction in Old people by reason of the greatness of the cause that is the acrimony of the humors in a body indisposed and Feebleness of strength 'T is doubtful if the stools be sincere that is mixt with no waterish moisture If the effusion of pure blood be joyned with it for it shews that the greater veins are corroded If loathing of meat afflict with a feaver because the stomach being drawn into consent the concoction is weakened there is some ulcerous putrefaction in the guts If cholerick vomitings seize at the begining because it argues a great power of boyling choler which troubles the upper and lower belly If the stools be continual or that stopping a new dilute flux bloody like to an hepatick flux or a filty diarrhy do follow If it invade with a feaver or with divers colored stools or an inflamation of the liver If it happen to a woman great with child and bate not after the delivery of the child and voiding of the secundine Of some hopes if the excrements be changed unless the change be to worse if belching or farting succeed because it is a signe that nature doth begin to concoct If it befal the splenitick because the melancholly humors are carried away where we must wel distinguish between the melancholy blood concrete in the guts and black choller If it follow madness because it betokens that the matter is translated from the head to the lower parts Of little hopes if black choller be voided of its own accord no feaver going before nor good concoction appearing because it differs nothing from an ulcerated cancer If convulsions and ravings Succeed because they shew the matter is carried to the head and nerves If peices of flesh be voided because the substance of the guts cannot be regenerated nor a scarre be drawn over so great an exuleration If any one releeved from an acute disease be taken with it because his strength is not able to undergoe it If in process of the disease the hickops follow if a black pustle like to a vetch appear behind the left ear with a great thirst because it signifies death on the twentieth day The Cure is accomplisht 1. By revulsion and derivation of the humors rushing to the guts where Bleeding takes place if there be plenty of blood if it rush violently with the humors to the guts if there be an inflamation or if it be feared If the Feaver be continual If a hot liver minister matter Yet note it must be emptyed by little and little timely and at the first dayes least the strength be dejected the median or liver vaine must be opened with a smal orifice the vein of the ancle if some accustomary evaccuation be stopt 2. By emptying the corroding humors so that the stronger be avoided because they move the humors to the guts Let the purging be at the begining before there folow too great exulceration and that very often that the humor may be taken away The syrup made of the infusion of damaske Roses is commended Myrobalans Tamarinds the infusion of Rhubarb first of al not torrefied afterwards torrified if we would binde a little Mechoacan by whose frequent use the belly is dryed The decoction of myrobalans which see in Sennertus 3. By the abstersion of the same humors by glysters made of barly the yelks of egs honey of roses Sugar and other things according as the exulceration is greater or less 4. By mitigation of the pain for which serve cows milk so that the body be purged and if there be a Feaver Let it be mixt with plantane water or let it be boyled with flints with yelks of egs and the mucilage of quince seeds and cast in by glister Mulein goats suit mixt with the same a clyster described by Sennertus of a weathers head 5. By stopping of the flux by the medicines rehearsed in a diarrhy to which ad raw services if the flux be most desperate a Nutmeg rosted in the embers if there be no feaver the decoction of the clay of the furnace in steeled milke new treacle if there be no inflammation the pouder of a dogs-turd fed three dayes with bones drank with goats milke Laudanum opiate but these ought so to be administred that sometimes hot sometimes cold things be given To cooling things let hot things be mixt that helpe concoction al in a smal quantity least the flux be stopt suddenly and let them be given often because they stay not long in the guts 6. By the use of mundefiers and things that fil up the hollow ulcer c. in which observe that when as the pain is exasperated by the use of detersivnes the glyster being voided another must be given made of milk 7. By the application of topicks concerning which note that astringents are of force rather in lean bodies than in fat when as in these they cannot penetrate Things very cold neither vertually nor actually must not be chosen vinegar or thin white wine must be mixed with them Cataplasmes
are of no force in a dysentery from sharpe choller when as they leave a biting quality behind them 8. By dyet in which biskit bread milk of sweet almond sthe flower of sugar c. take place The Differences of a Dysentery are Divers I. One is in making when the exulceration begins onely in the superficies of the guts and there from them suffering an inflamatory disposition their temper being destroyed Another is already made when the corrosion peirces deeper and either fibres and smal skins of the inward coat are voided with blood or peices of the fleshy substance cut off from the proper substance of the guts are voided with membranous shavings and much blood and purulency which is the utmost degree of malignity II Another is of the smal guts in which the pain is most acute by reason that they are membranous the stool is longer after the torments the blood is exquisitely mixt with the excrement by reason of the longer passage the blood is blacker Purging medicines must be given by the mouth 't is almost incurable Another of the great guts in which the paine is less by reason of their fleshiness t is cheifly perceived about the navel by reason of their situation the stools are quickly after the torments the blood purulent matter swims upon the excrements of the belly Note that for the most part the great guts are tainted and being tainted medicines are best administred by glisters Somtimes the stomach and neighboring parts are drawn into consent somtimes the belly over against the ulcer and hole is perforated by reason of the putrefaction communicated to it III. Another is from things external viz. either from poysons whose cure is performed by vomits by things that dul them whiles they teare as milk rice fat broths by antidotes cheifly six grains of an emrald prepared but they must abstain ten hours from meat and sweat Or by purging medicines that are very strong and then if you consider the cure after abstersives 't is good to drinke warme milke new treacle c. Another is from things internal of which hereafter IIII. Another is epidemical and malignant in which we must act with things alexipharmacal amongst which are harts-horn terra sigilata Corals saphyres water germander pulvis Bezoardicus aureus The same may be mixt with purgers Another is simple to which those things above may be applied V. One is from Yellow choler from which for the most part it begins the which sometimes is generated in the stomach somtimes in the guts sometimes is cast from the bladder of gall the meseraick veins the whole body Another from Black choler which if it be voided by reason of a crisis in feaverish diseases it may be cured It ought not to be purged before it be tempered and then with Lenitives Another is from Choler of a leek color and the rust of Brass which though by Nature collecting it self it may be cast off yet not presently Another is from Salt Flegm which somtimes is produced in the head from a great heat somtimes in the stomach being carried to the Guts and by its clamminess sticking long to them it troubles them and at length Exulcerates 'T is hardly Cured 'T is wel rooted out with Agarick and Mechoacan Point 4. Of the Bloody and Hepatick flux I. The bloody Flux is known both by the sight and by this that it is voided without pain and exulceration It ariseth 1 By reason of plenty of Blood proceeding either from a hot distemper of the Liver and then there wil be signs of fulness 'T is voided without pain and wasting of the Body the Urin is thin of a Goldish color Thirst oppresseth both by reason of the wasting of the moist substance and the heat of the Liver In the Cure the diet must be abated the Liver must be corrected by succories and other proper coolers steeled milk c. If Choler be mixt with it it must be emptyed Or from the cutting off of some member and then blood must be let according to Course Or from the suppression of some accust omary Evacuation and then we must act by frictions the stoppage must be opened 2. by reason of a vein broke or opened which is known by this that it is cast up also by vomiting Some vehement fal hath happened before Fainting is Caused by reason of the putrefaction in the stomach The cure is difficult II. An Hepatick flux is either Exquisite which is known by this that that which is voided doth look thinly red as the washing of the flesh of a beast newly kild doth not clod together doth flow more frequently yet not so often as in a dysentery without any knawing but yet not without a Heavy pain the Eye-lids are swelled and the Feet the excrements are crude It ariseth from a weakness of the Liver and the defect of natural heat in it from causes that do dissipate or choak it up The Cure must be hastened because this Disease Leads to an ill habit of Body a dropsie and Consumption 'T is hard when t is beginning and in young men Almost incurable when its inveterate and in old men and in them also whose spittle is bloody somwhat pale or clearly cholerick It excludes Purgers and is perfected only with altering strengthning medicines mixt with the meats Hens Livers Chickens and Geese stones are commended Or Spurious in which the blood is either acrid by the mixture of Choler or thick by its long stay in the Liver or elsewhere or faeculent by reason of the foulness of the Liver because the Spleen doth not attract the feculent parts Title IV. Of the Affects of the right Gut Chap. 1. Of the Diseases of the right Gut THe Diseases of the right Gut are Inflamation warts Clefts and Fistulaes I. Inflamation comes either from violent Causes or from Medicines and corroding cauteries It is known by the sharp Launcing pain fixt in one and the same place by a vain desire of going to stool in which by reason of the greatness of the Tumor obstructing nothing or very little is voided The cure is difficult both because the part is endewed with an acute sense and because the Excrements of the Belly hinder Applications and because by reason of the heat and moisture of the place the Disease degenerates into Ulcers II. Warts are either Condylomata or swellings of the Skin of the Anus viz. Hard and callous bunchings growing out from a Melancholy humor more troublesom than painful Or Thymi or the rougher warts having a narrow basis and large superficies which do easily pour forth blood into the same which if they grow out much are called Ficus If they bleed they are worst of al especially if a disposition to a Cancer draw neer Or Crista or excerescences of flesh arising from preposterous Venery They are taken away either with the Ashes of Mouse dung boyled with Wine and applied or with the oblong shels of Fishes found by the Sea side
time is less resisting the Fingers cannot be thrust under the ends of the Ribs It possesseth only the Membrane that compasseth the Liver yet somtimes it fils up the whol Hypochondry It ariseth either from a viscous Humor either sprung from meats of that Nature or made such by cold alteratives given about the time of Evacuation Or from a thin crudity arising from meats drink and other things inducing cold or from a thin wind The Cure is perfected by things opening and emptying Article V. Of the Wounds and Vlcers of the Liver The Wounds of the Liver which in Aged and ill habited bodies are very dangerous but by reason of the long effusion of blood are deadly are either from external causes which are Cured by things astringent and agglutinative red Roses dryed are commended or from a Contusion which hath Joyned with it a vomiting or dejections by stool or Urin with blood it is more dangerous than a wound and degenerates into an impostumation In the Cure it requires 1. The opening of a Vein in the Arme. 2. Potions Compounded of astringent things 3. The Flux of blood being stopt the dissolution of congealed blood by its Medicines An Vlcer of the Liver is a corrosion of the same from matter or juyce The SIGNS are an ulcerous pain in the right Hypochondry a Cough a Jaundice color of the Face a voiding of putrid sanious and bloody things by the stool or Urin an Atrophy because there is neither blood made nor the man nourisht The CAUSES are whatsoever things corrode the substance of the Liver of which shal be treated in the Differences The CURE must not be neglected although it be of little Hopes for it grows foul by a perpetual filth because t is continually washt with the nourishment 't is ordered as in other Ulcers The Differences of the Ulcers of the Liver are various I. One is in the Superficies which is less dangerous another in the Substance which is deadly because a spermatical part cannot be Regenerated II. One is in the Gibbous Part which is known by purulent Urins without the signs of an exulceration in the bladder and Kidneys by difficult breathing by pain of the midriff Another in the hollow part which is known by the bloody and somtimes purulent stooles by the pain of the Guts by reason of the acrimony of the matter by the sense of pricking and heaviness about the Liver III. One is which follows an inflamation which hath ended in an impostumation and this is dangerous especially if the matter be contained in the substance of the Liver Another is which ariseth from sharp and corroding Juyces which is known from hence that it creeps on by degrees the strength not impaired a Feaver ariseth in the progress observing no type which at length ends in a Hectick Loathing of meat afflicts them especially of flesh c. It ariseth from the default of corrupt or putrefying nourishments generous Wine heats the bowel and dries it and heaps up a certain putrid clamminess and matter Chap. 4. Of the Symptomes of the Liver Title I. Of the weakness of the Liver THe Symptomes of the Liver are Weakness Cachexy a Dropsie Jaundice and atrophy The weakness of the Liver or atonia is a hurt of the faculties of the same induced by its Causes The SIGNS ought to be taken from the consideration of the Excrements of the Belly of the urin and color of the whol body as shal be manifest in the differences The Causes hurting the faculties of the liver are diseases of distemper whether it be hot or cold to which is added an external error viz. when either the chyle is not rightly elaborated in the stomach or being wel elaborated somewhat vitious is mixt with it c. The Cure ought to be perfected with things that strengthen the liver and are appropriate to it as are the liver of a wolfe a calfe of hens snailes raisons c. As concerning the Differences One is by reason of the Sanguifying faculty which either is hurt by a cold distemper or the defect of natural heat and then the excrements of the belly are like to the washings of meat new killed which the cold growing more intense do cease crudities arise with which the feet first and then the other parts abound because the veins do suffer with the liver ill affected as being their original For the cure of this serves Rupert Cranesbil bruised a lie of the pruning of vines with wine c. Or from a hot distemper in which the chyle is burnt as it were the excrements are like to the dreggs of blood c. Another is by reason of the attractive faculty and then moist things flow down by the stool like creame although there be no fault in the stomach no obstruction of the mesentery Another is by reason of the retentive faculty and then is rendered by stoole things like to the washing of flesh new killed yet seldome moist and mattery c. Article 2. Of a Cachexy A Cachexy is a diffusion of the whol body into a watry and swelled softness by default of nourishment The Subject is the whole body but those parts especially which are obvious to the eyes as the skin and the muscles The signs are a color by reason of the flegmatickness of the blood sometimes white by reason of the mixture of cholor or melancholly sometimes livid or leaden A tumor with heaviness and sluggishness especially in the feet and hands by reason of the descent of serous humors and their distance from the heart and also about the eyes in the face cheeks ey-brows because those parts by their laxness do easily receive serous humors The Cause is the fault of nutrition For though that which is put to the parts doth concrete and adhere yet by reason of the too great plenty of crudities 't is not assimilated To wit the blood is flegmatick crude and serous and that is generated such either by reason of impure nourishments corrupt and producing abundance of serum Or by reason of the bowels which either are impure either from a Scrirhus as hath been said or from the effusion of a corrupt humor as hath been observed in a suppression of the courses that purulent matter from the obstruction of the ureters returning into the veins the blood being infected hath infected the whol habit of the body Or from their corrupt substance for so vitious and corrupt blood is brought forth and carried out to every part and there concreting It leaves a vitiated substance instead of a good hence the Cachexy is various according to the nature of the blood The flegmatick affects virgins and threatens a universal dropsy Or they are weak because they have been hurt either by the continuance of diseases or by too much evacuations or by long imprisonment c. In the Cure we must diligently observe 1. That regard be had to those diseases from which the cachexy proceeds 2. If humors abound they
are an increase of the Corporal bulk greater than in a Cachexy equal through the whol body so that the feet and Leggs swel in the begining a softness of the body a Laxness Paleness and weakness upon the least labor a continual Feaver slow with a puls smal oft and unequal the Urine white thin crude c. The CAUSE is the fault of the nourishment which by reason of the immoderate coldness of the Liver and Veins of which we spake in distempers is Flegmatick and crude nay the body is spred over with a clammy and congealed water and though the nourishment doth both concrete and adhere to the part that is to be nourshed yet 't is not assimilated The CURE is Easter than in others because a Flegmatick Humor comes neerer to the Nature of blood than a serous besides a strong diarrhy comming at the beginning while the strength is firme the Disease is Cured 'T is Performed 1. By emptying the watry matter dispersed throughout the body both by things that Evacuate by the lower Parts amongst which is commended the extract or Salt of Hedg Hyssop mixt with Rhubarb And by vomiters which see else where and by bleeding if it arise from a Plethorick Cause or retaining the blood least by the plenty of the cold Humor the heat be overwhelmed which must be done at the beginning And by sweaters as the Decoction of swallow wort used especially in a Laconick Bath before you enter into it some of Weckerus his water is wel administred concerning which see Hartman 2. By strengthning of the Bowels the Liver especially and stomach of which in their places Fardinandus commends the covering of the Patient in a heap of Wheat for to dry up the matter Article VI. Of the Jaundice The Jaundice is either Yellow or Black of which shal be spoken in the Symptomes of the Spleen The Yellow Jaundice is an effusion of a Yellow or greenish Humor into the habit of the Body proceeding from its Causes 'T is called also from the Name of a smal bird Galgulus from the variety of colors in the Rain-bow Arquatus and because 't is tenderly handled at Court Regius or because 't is beleeved to be Cured with Honey and wine a Princely drink The SIGNS of it are a yellowness of the whol body a Citron or pale green which is observed in the white of the Eye and at its inner Angle where the great Veins are A distension of the Veins under the Tongue a pain of the right Hypochondry or a hardness too Bitterness of the spittle with Cholerick Vomiting the Hickops and pain in the Head The CAUSE is a Humor of the same color which is poured forth into the habit of the Body for the Causes to be mentioned in the Differences The CURE varies according of the Nature of the Differences Yet it respects two things 1. The Cause which must be removed 2. The Symptomes which must be taken away after universals have been premised For the Face and Eyes is commended the fume from hot Vineger in which Rosemary hath been boyled The Specisicks are the extract of Columbine and Celandine which with a little Bezoar is given to the rich An Emulsion of Columbine Seeds with the distilled Water of the same for the poorer sort the pouder of Earth worms three or four live Lice in a poched Eg if we beleeve Zacutus which is a most sordid medicine A live Moth laid on the Navel til it die A live Spider in a Nut shel hung about the Neck placed to the pit of the heart til it die Amongst Magick things are reckoned the Patients bepissing of Nettles Cloths dipped in his Urin and exposed to the Air and many other things concerning which see Petraeus The Differences are taken from the Causes One is from those things that generate plenty of choler which are either External as sweet things hot meats and drinks Poysons especially as the Gal of a Leopard the biting of Vipers and venenate things and then we must act with things Alexipharmacal peculiarly opposite to the Nature of the Poyson in which also we must have regard to the manifest qualities Or Internal as are 1. A hot and dry distemper of the Liver and then the Urine is vehemently colord and thick the Excrements of the Belly are dyed of a Saffron color the Feet and hands are hot 2. An Inflamation and Impostumation of the same of which formerly Another is from those things which do hinder the puresying of the blood and the separation and Exclusion of Choler as are 1. The compression of the bladder of Gal by a Schirrus of the Liver or some other Tumor which see above 2. The Obstruction of the same from thick flegm plenty of Choler stones and other Causes which is either in the passage reaching to the Liver by which it is attracted and then the Excrements are dyed or in that tending to the Duodenum by which 't is cast forth and then the Excrements are white or it comes to pass by default of the Liver and then the right Hypochondry is distended if it become hard it foretels a Dropsie or by default of the bladder it self and then it invades suddainly the belly is slow to stool the Excrements because they are not dyed look white It is cured 1. With things that open obstructions amongst which prevails Dodder of Vetches the Decoction of the Strawberry Plant with horehound and Raysons the Juyce of Nettle Roots bruised in wine with Saffron Young Geese Dung gathered in the Spring dryed and given one dram weight Cremor Tartar diluted with steeled Wine spirit of Tartar c. 2. With Purgers given by course with openers amongst which Rhubarb and Hiera Picra are the best Another is from those things which do suddenly expel choler from the inward parts to the Circumference of the Body which cheifly comes to pass in acute Feavers in which either it is cast forth critically and then there went before Signs of coction and the Disease is Cured Or Symptomatically by reason of its plenty and Acrimony and then it happens before the seaventh day If it be without a coldness 't is thought to be either from a weakness of Nature or from an Inflamation if with a coldness the Feaverish matter is cast forth from the Bowels and veins to the Skin In the Cure we must have respect both to the Feaver and the Liver Article VII Of an Atrophy An Atrophy is a drying and wasting of the whol body arising from the disappointment of its nourishment The Subject is the whol body especially in relation to the soft Parts the Fat and Flesh the harder Parts indeed may be dryed but they cannot be so diminisht that from thence the whol body should decrease There is no need of SIGNS whenas the affect is apparent to the Eye The CAUSE is the disappointing of nourishment which proceeds either by default of the nourishment when that either failes that it is not taken not attracted not
put to is discussed c. Or is Vitious Or by default of the nourishing Faculty when the Native heat or radical moisture fails The CURE respects 1. The Symptome it self where take place a Bath of the Decoction of the Head and Feet of a Weather of red sallow Of sweet water in which have boyled the ashes of Hazel Flax Seed the bones of a Weather bruised A moistning Diet of the Emulsion of sweet Almonds of the four greater cold Seeds with Goats Milk c. The magnetick Cure concerning which see Hartmans Chymiatry Anoyntings with Amatus Lusitanus his Unguent in Sebastianus Austrius de Morbis puerorum p. 555. 2. The Causes of which in the Differences The Differences of an Atrophy are Various I. One is Vniversal of the whol body of which we have now spoken another Particular which proceeds from a peculiar fault of a part In the Cure take place fomentations dropaces pications and percussions by which the driness of the part is corrected the obtuse heat is roused up and the nourishment is attracted II. Another is from worms which vex Children Another from the Stomach that doth not wel elaborate the Chyle Another from the Liver when that is either troubled with a hot and dry distemper and wasnt with much Choler or is very much obstructed that the nourishment doth penetrate with difficulty Another from the Spleen to which the same things may happen Another from the obstruction of the Mesentery which is familiar in the East Indies and for the most part hath Joynd with it a bulimy with a Lientery but it turnes also to an impostumation which so washes the whol mesentery that the Guts confused without any order do stick together only by thin Skins In the Cure is commended the Cross grass of which see Alpinus concerning Aegyptian plants cap. 40. See also concerning these things Bontius in medicina Indorum p. 156. Another is from the Heart which is in a Hectick Another from an Vlcer of the Lungs which happens in the Ptissick Read more of this subject in the Guide to Physick and Chyrurgery Riverius Practice of Physick and his Observations and the London Dispensatory Al of the last Editions Englished by me Title V. Of the Affects of the Spleen Chap. 1. Of the Diseases of the spleen Article I. Of the obstructions of the Spleen THe Diseases of the Spleen are Obstruction puffing up Inflamation a Schirrus Vlcers and wounds The Obstruction of the Spleen is a stuffing up of the thick Humors The Part Affected is the Spleen either according to its Veins and Arteries or according to its whol substance The SIGNS are these at the beginning there is Caused a heaviness of the Hypochondry a pain of the spleen from hence a humor mixt with the blood and diffused into the whol body dies it of a Livid color makes a difficulty of breathing after exercise Poured into the Stomach Causeth nauseousness and vomiting into the Guts a diarrhy Somtimes by reason of its dryness it binds the Body The CAUSE is an earthy and thick Humor which oftentimes is collected from a Fenny Air and gross meats and by reason of the weakness of the Spleen and interception of the Passages cannot be expelled Somtimes 't is heaped up by reason of a hot distemper of the Spleen and the attraction of the Chyle unconcocted which happens after often lying down on the left side too much exerise Somtimes it stopps there by reason of an accustomary flux of the Hemrods intercepted or the suppression of the Courses The CURE is ordered as in other obstructions yet note we must have a care of the Causes from which it comes the vomits do good when as there is a straite way from the Spleen to the stomach by the vas breve Of Purgers Poly pody and dodder of time with Raysons senny with cremor Tartar are of Force Of openers the Flowers of Broom and Saxonia his electuary of steel are commended A Plaister of Ammoniacum dissolved in Vineger of Squils may rightly be applyed Premising some convenient Fomentation See Solenanders strengthning electuary in Hartman II. The Inflation of the Spleen is a puffing up of the same into a Tumor by winde The SIGNS are these a Tumor and distension is perceived with some pain but without the sense of heaviness and a weight A murmuring and sound is made The Spleen being prest doth yeild The Causes are either too large drinking of cold water or windy meats as pease chesnuts beans scallions Or thick and viscous humors which may be overcome by the weak heat and are resolved into vapors which doe easily puff up the spleen because it is spungy The Cure is as in others The Chymists applaud the burning Spirit of saturn in the extract of ferne and anoint the region of the spleen with the same thrice a day purging in an external cause is disallowed anointing with oyl of rue cappers c. is sufficient Article II. Of an inflamation of the spleen and schirrus An inflamation of the spleen is the lifting up of the same into a tumor by blood poured forth into its substance Somtimes the whole spleen is affected somtimes not The Signs are a tumor in the left hypochondry bunching out as it were towards the fore parts and as it were girting a man in the middle so it is distinguished from the paine and inflamation of the left kidney which is higher than the right there is a pulsation and palpitation of that side by reason of the arteries with which it abounds a continual feaver observing the periods of a quartan difficulty of breathing by reason of the compression of the midriffe The Cause is blood poured forth and putrefying which is either pure or mixt and discovers its self by its signs The Cure ought to follow the method of other inflamations so that larger drinking after purging be avoided least the humor be carried to the substance of the liver II. Aschirrus of the spleen is a hard tumor of the same proceeding from a thick glutinous and a hardened humor The SIGNS are a resisting tumor with an ablong hardness in the left side and that without paine to which are added a difficulty of breathing a driness of the mouth a swelling of the feet uneasy lying on the left side troubelsome swears c. The CAUSE is a thick and glutinous humor which either presently was such arising from meats of a thick juice from labors watchings which do waste that which is spirituous in the humors Or afterwards when being thin of it selfe t is hardened either by the force of heat or by medicines too much discussing or by its tartarous nature tending to induration This diffused into the whole body with the blood makes it livid and colour'd and leads to a consumption because the spleen opprest is not able to discharge its office of sanguification The CURE is more difficult if the patient have a diarrhy ensue and a lientery or water betwixt the skin follow
water is made it doth sinke and is hardly bruised with the fingers Or doth arise from the adustion of humors in the veines and liver that which is voided in the declination of feavers both acute and chronical 'T is known from hence that it doth not subside but is mixt with the substance of the urine cleaves to the chamber pot like pouder and is easily bruised with the fingers Article II. Of an inflamation of the Kidneys An inflamation of the kidneyes on nephritis is a swelling of them from blood poured forth into their substance and there putrefying joyned with a vehement paine fibrous or gravelly excretions The Signs are a heavy and extensive paine about the loins to the first vertebrae which differs from the collick in these because it doth not wander into the middle of the belly or about it with a murmur doth not alwaies grow gentler the belly being purged by its cruelty and feâ—rceness it puls the peritonaeum t is very thick and frequent There is a continent inordinate feaver which somtimes increaseth somtimes abateth and about night is exasperated a subvertion of the bowels and stomach A casting up by vomite first of al of flâ—gmatick things afterwards of colerick a scarceness thinness waterishness of the urine when the evil begins somtimes a suppression by and by that plenty and thickness with a compulsion to piss from a certain sence of heat A stupidity and numness of the next thigh by reason of the compression of the nerve A difficult raising of the body lying down upon the sick side mirigates the paine upon the contrary exasperates it The Cause is blood either pure or mixt either heaped up in the kidnies by way of collection or thrust thither by way of fluxion either from the whole body or from a part as is often said elswhere The firmness and hardness of the kidneys seldom give occasion for a fluxion oftentimes diuretick medicines doe which carry the blood to the kidneys The CURE is easier if the hemrods come upon it if the impostume being broke a white smooth equal matter not stinking be voided through the passages of the urine if it tend to resolution Very difficult if the Impostum being broke after suppuration the matter take its way through the emulgents to the liver and guts If it tend to induration Past hopes almost if there flowe a white thin or purulent water without the remission of the feaver and symptoms and with a wasting on the legs and thighs 'T is ordered as in other inflamations yet we must observe 1. That things moderately cooling and astringent be used with things anodyne for repulsion outwardly indeed least the humors subsisting about the external and fieshy parts be struck inward into the kidneys but inwardly least when they begin their astriction about the belly or liver and veins they should either cast down the blood to the kidnies or by straightening the narrow passages cause an ischury 2. We must abstaine from purgers because they inflame and trouble the humors yet gentle and benigne must be given if choler stick in the mesaraicks and stomach least it be carried thither 3. Diureticks must not be drank unless when the inflamation is perfectly alaied Here takes place tartar vetriolate half a scruple with the Julep of roses and cinnamon water two drams and other things The Differences are taken from the part affected I. One is in the Right kidney in which the loins on the right side are payned the paine ascends more to the liver the right thigh is benummed Another in the left in which the paine descends to the bladder Another in both in which the symptoms oppress in both sides II. One is in the fleshy part of the kidney in which a greater heaviness affects Another in the parts in which the arteries are terminated in which a beating paine urgeth Article III. Of the Stone of the Kidnies The stone of the Kidnies is a solid and stony substance mucilaginous sâ—imy carterous endued with a stone making faculty arising in the kidnies by the help of heat The Signs are principally five 1. A Pain which affects in the loyns causeth a sence of heaviness by reason of the substance of the kidnies void of sense in its descent into the ureters 't is increased by reason they which consist of a crosse and thick membrane are distracted especially if the stone be great craggy and rough 'T is distinguisht from the chollick because 't is neither so grievous nor so large because 't is fixt and is circumscribed with the region of the kidnies and if it fal into the bladder it follows the course of the ureters and affects not with winde 2. Bloody urine by reason of the wounding of the parts through which it passes which at first is little and waterish by and by supprest the stones being removed out of the kidneys t is turbulent and having a sandy sediment 3. A Numness of the thighs which hapens not in the paine of the chollick because the muscle on which the kidney lyes and which is appointed for bending of the thigh and is inserted into the inner part of the thigh is comprest 4. A retraction of the testicle of that side by reason of the retraction of the neighbouring vessels which lead to the stones and are inserted in them 5. A â—auseousness and vomiting for the kidnies are knit to the stomach by the mediation of the peritoneum whose membran each bowel participates and two nerves of the sixth conjugation issuing from the stomach are implanted into the internal coate of the kidneys The voiding of gravel is a signe of the stone in making The Cause is not flegme for many are troubled with that who have no commerce with the stone-growing juice hence chose that have the stone oftentimes make water which is like mucous matter and presently concretes into a stone But this proceeds from the faeculency of the nourishment which if it be retained glues it self to this or that part by the new arrival of matter is dayly increased being increased by degrees it is dryed and where it finds a viscous thick earthy matter it coagulates it and afterwards the internal spirit of the microcosmical salt comming the which by reason of its natural viscousness or clamminess that Tartar easily receives and hides within it self at last 't is Coagulated into a perfect Stone The CURE is Difficult if bubbles for some daies are perceived to continue in the Urin because they shew a great quantity of Tartar ous and mucilaginous Humors together with wind doth abound in the Kidneys If from Urin remaine subtile and last so for some time because it argues a great obstruction If the it an Ulcer of the Kidneys ensue If the Patient be of Nephritical parents It respect I. Prevention that either it be not generated or do not â—ncreafe and then 1. There must be care had of the Diet in which meat and drink making for the stone must be eschewed the
contrary meats made use of amongst these are commended asparagus moderately boy led with Oyl of Vineger and Butter taken at first Course the fruit of Eglantine the stones of the same boy led in broths Chevil Radish Oyl of Olives and sweet Almonds 2. The matter collected must timely be emptyed that it do not concrete By vomits given every month twice or thrice by lenitive Medicines especially Cassia Turpentine and chose that purge water By things that break it if any thing be concreted amongst which are commended the Decoction of the Nephritical wood of Alehoof the Juyce of Speedwel with the Water and other things of which hereafter 3. The Peins must be reduced to their state and hert bleeding prevails if the Liver hath raised hot distemper in them the administration of Strawhetry Purslain Barley Water and anoynting with cold Unguents II. The taking away of the stone generated which is performed 1. By clensing of the first Passages by gentle Evacuaters corrected with things that discuss wind 2. By opening a Vein in the Arm if there be a plenitude in the whol body and the pain be great of the Anckle or Ham if it be fallen upon the affected Part. 3. By Relaxing and making slippery the Passages in wardly with the Syrup of Marsh-mallows Liquorish Violets Outwardly with an Oyntment Compounded of Oyntment of Dialthea two drams Hens Grease new Marrow of a Hart each one dram Oyl of White Lillies one dram of Scorpions two scruples Oyl of Wax distilled and spirits of Turpentine of each one scruple Wax and Saffron a liltle By a Bath of sweet Water in which may be taken Oyl of fresh Almonds two ounces Oyl of Turpentine six drops With a drauft or Warm wine 4. By Removing Breaking and expelling the Stone by Medicines that wil do that the more Excellent of simples are the magistral of Tartar Vitriolate of Crabs Eyes of the mandible of a Pike and the Jewish Stone Lapis Prunella the essence of Crystals the Nephritical Stone the Aqua Vitae of Juniper Horstius T. 1. P. 481. Of compounds Zacutus his Confection or conserve of the Nephritical Stone l. 8. c. 16. Mynsichutus his Nephritical liquor Armament P. 338. The mixture of magistral of Tartar Vitriolate dissolved Crabs Eyes Lapis prunella the volatil Salt of Amber and Vntzerus his Saxafrage Water The generous Wine of the same Author in which a sharp radish with the Rind taken off and cut into thin slices was steeped a whol day given with the magistral of Crabs Eyes and spirit of Salt The mixture of Muffet the English man Cistae Medicae p. 34. Of Libavius of white Saxifrage water with Sugar of Violets and Roses streined with a little Spirits of Vitriol Zuingerus his expeller of the Stone Cist Med. p. 35. 3. The removing of the pain which is performed by the Oyntments formerly prescribed for relaxing of the Passages with a half bath prepared of things anodine Cratoes Cataplasme of pellitory of the Wal Parsly Onions c. 4. The Discussion of wind if there be any See concerning the Stone the excellent most satisfying Treatises of Vntzerus Franciscus Collutius and Beverovicius Article IV. Of an Vlcer and Wound of the Kidneys Concerning an Vlcer of the Kidneys Let it suffice to have observed these things I. That it doth very seldom happen from an Impostumation of a phlegmon by the Acrimony of the matter flowing thither corroding the Kidney by a blow or fal breaking the Veins yet if it do happen the Cure doth require that the falling down of Humors be stopt by Diet by bleeding and purging they already fallen must be temperd with coolers nephritical means must be emptyed with turpentine reduced with the yolk of an Egg into a liquor or with the pouder of liquorish into a Bolus II. That it is alwaies truely Cause by a Stone restraineth within it which either by its weight doth bruise the Kidney or by fretting diminish and corrode it Then the Urin before it begins to be purulent becomes bloody especially after exercise and labor none or an obscure feaver troubles them If at any time the matter be stopt by the obstruction of the Head of the Ureter that by degrees either redounding by the emulgent into the greater veins will defile the blood and habit of the body or heaped up in that place wil distend the Loyns from which the Skin being opened it wilflow much and a long while III. In the Cure the Decoction of Parsly discribed by Doringius in his Mithridatotechina p. 150. Bears the Palm from al others Concerning a Wound of the Kidneys it shal suffice to have noted these things I. That it is known by the Situation suppression of Urin or difficulty of it by its bloodiness by a pain extending to the groins II. That it is divided into that which is in the Superficies and fleshy Part and then much blood flows forth the Urine goes not forth the stronger agglutinatives may presently be administred and into that which Penetrates even to its Cavity and then the blood goes forth with the Water In the Cure the blood must be stopt This stopping things agglutinating must be given inwardly and laid upon it and here is of force unguentum Sanctum of Andreas a Cruce which see in Sennertus c. Chap. 2. Of the Symptomes of the Kidneys COncerning the Symptomes of the Kidneys Viz. The Separation of the serum hurt and Pain few things present themselves I. The separation of the Serum is hurt by the fault of the emulgent Vessels and Kidneys which either labour of a cold distemper and then the Urine is not suddainly supprest Or of a streitness of which formerly In the Cure Diureticks must be given an hour or two before meat II. The Nature of the Pain may be fetcht from the Chapter of inflamation and stone of the Kidneys At the seat of the Kidney 't is fixt and firm on either side unless that somtimes 't is extended either to the Hip or to the Stone of the same side by the Course of the ureter They that are accustomed to it by reason of the dilatation of the ureters are not so easily affected unless perchance the stone be thick and rough but they who are not accustomed to it or have been seldome and gently troubled with nephritick pains are tormented with the least stone c. Title IX Of the Affects of the bladder Chap. 1. Of the Diseases of the Bladder Article 1. Of the Stone of the Bladder THe Diseases of the Bladder are The Stone Inflamation Vlcers to which ought to be added the streitness of the passage for Vrin What the Stone of the Bladder is may be perceived by the definition of the Stone of the Kidneys The SIGNES of it are an Itching and sharp pain in the Neck of the Bladder the Pubes and Perinaeum which by progression and distention of the Bladder torments with great tortures the Patients are wont to scratch their Privities and often to distend
because 't is on every side guarded with bones 2. If it be wounded 't is known by the Situation pain and matter that flows forth 3. That it may be cured as appears by the Caesarean birth but 't is dangerous by reason of the conâ—â—â—t of the part with other members 4. Or it happens on the bottome of the womb and then that pain is less and easier Cured or on the Neck and then the pain is greater and harder to be Cured because that is more membranous and continually abounds with moisture III. Concerning Vlcers we meet with nothing of worth which hath not been touched on formerly unless perhaps we may add that it doth somtimes so Putrefie that it must be cut out and fals away the woman surviving For consolidation do serve the Balsam of sulphur and the Plaister of the same concerning which see Hartmans Chymiatry in the Chapter of a Consumption Read more of this subject in the Guide to Physick and Chyrurgery Riverius Practice of Physick and his Observations and the London Dispensatory Al of the last Editions Englished by me Title XII Of the Symptomes of the Womb. Chap. 1. Of the Common symptomes Article I. Of the weakness of the womb THe Symptomes of the Womb are either common to Women in al states or are either more familiar to those that live out of wedlock or proper to the married Those common are a weakness of the womb Pain a stoppage of the Courses a dropping of them too great a flux a difficulty of them a discolouring an inordinate flux a womans flux a gonorrhea A weakness of the womb is a sluggishness or defect of the same in performing its actions induced by the fault of a distemper occult qualities and the native heat The SIGNS are a languishing desire of venery an inordinate flux of the Courses when they are at hand a pain in the loyns and pecten little or no pleasure in copulation often abortions a breaking forth of wind from the womb For the actions of the womb are a desire of Venery a voiding of menstruous blood at due times the ejection of seed in the act of Venery and the retaining of that received from the man a keeping of the young one conceived to the due time and the exclusion of it when 't is perfect into the world The Nature of the Causes shal be explained in the Differences The Cure must be directed against the Causes of which there The Differences are taken from the Causes One is from the distemper of the womb which if it be Cold the womb cannot perfect a mean quantity of nourishment therefore it heaps not up many Excrements If moist neither the blood nor seed nor young one are rightly conteined See the Cure above Another is from occult qualities which the womb hath is apparent from hence because it hath a singular Sympathy and antipathy with divers things desires mans seed is delighted with sweet things c. And then the affect riseth from no evident Cause There is found no excess of moisture or coldness In the cure Medicines must be applyed that are proper by their whol substance Another is from the innate heat either choaked or dissipated and then the affect is dangerous because the heat is difficulty renewed In the Cure we must act with restauratives as are Cinnamon Nut-Megs the Species Diaxyloaloes Aromaticum Rosatum c. Article II. Of the Pain of the womb A Pain of the womb is a sad sense of the same proceeding from a solution of continuity induced by its Causes There is no need of Signs when the Woman her self makes known the pain It affects both Women that are free and great with Child and past labour It torments as pains of the collick do in the lower belly whenas the ligaments of the Womb are carried to the Hips and Loynes so far also it extends it self The Cause is whatsoever can dissolve continuity The Cure respect 1. The mitigation of pain by anodynes 2. The removal of the Cause of which in the Differences The Differences are taken from the Causes I. One is from corrosion which cheifly happens in Ulcers the Womans flux vitious Courses c. It offends most of al the Neck of the Womb. The Cure must be directed against those affects Another from distention which is caused 1. By a clot of Blood sticking in the Cavity of the Womb and then a plentiful flux of Blood preceded from the womb the pain is fixt and is perceived most of al about the Orifice of the womb when as Nature by the continual endeavoring to expel it doth draw the right Gut and bladder into consent 't is joyned with a tenasmus and often pissing In the Cure we must respect the dissolving of the clot for which Treacle with Wine is commended and the emptying of it and if hath stayed long there the Malignity of it 2. By Menstruous blood when either the Vessels are not wide enough or that is too thick which also may happen from cold drink especially if the woman were hot after exercise and then the Causes went before which occasioned it there are signs of the Courses supprest or not flowing rightly The cure must be directed to the same 3. By vitious Humors sticking in the Cavity or Vessels of the womb and then we must act with emptyers and preparatives 4. By wind which ariseth from the boyling of the vitious Humors Which somtimes copulation causeth And then emptying must be ordered we must act with things that discuss wind of which in the Chollick 5. by an inflamation of the womb of which formerly 6. By seed retained and corrupted and then we must look to the suffocation of the womb Article III. Of the suppression of the Courses A suppression of the Courses is a retention of the menstruous blood by reason of the streitness of the passages or the fault of the blood The SIGNS are afforded from the relation of the woman her self but if they wil not confess In Virgins 't is known by this that the blood stopt doth wander up and down in the Veins and cause obstructions changes the colour of the body induceth a Feaver c. In women that 't is carried to the womb and infers Diseases of the womb 'T is distinguisht from the retention in childing because they with Child are little changed in the affections of their mind they retaine the Native color of their body they find the Symptomes dayly more mild they perceive the motion and situation of the infant the third month They have the mouth of their womb shut up and hard The CAUSES are a streightness of the veins and the fault of the blood of which in the differences shal be treated more at large The Cure must be hastened because that suppression doth produce many diseases as a feaver a leucophlegmatick a dropsie vomiting of blood c. 'T is difficult if it be of long continuance if it hath exceeded the sixth month for the most part 't
is thought incurable especially if it happen from a perversion of the neck of the womb for then the woman swouneth and vomits flegme the parts of the belly and pecten are pained the back bone and a feaver happens The excrements of the belly and bladder are supprest a weariness possesses the whole body by reason of the diffusion of the blood retained through the whole it most of al detains the thighs and hips by reason of the consent of the veins of these parts with the veins of the womb 'T is of good success if it be emptied through other places so it be not through the bladder because the blood doth clot most of al in that It respects 1. Bleeding for the blood which stops every month is heaped up in the body and sticking in the veins it must be recalled to the wombe Concerning this note a vein must be opened in the ancle because so both the quantity of the blood is diminisht and its motion to the wombe is procured If it must be repeated one day blood must be taken from one leg the next from the other That which is ordered from emptying ought to be opened at the beginning that which is opened in the ham or ancle after purging must be done three four or five dayes before the time of the accustomary evacuation Cupping-glasses which are deputies of bleeding must first of al be applied to the remoter places viz. the thighs then to the neerer to wit the hips Hither belong ligatures frictions the time of the courses being at hand after emptying of the whole body 2. The preparation of the matter and for this serves in flegmatick bodies the decoction of guajacum with ditander of caudy without provoking of sweat 3. Emptying which must be ordered at times that the matter may be emptyed by little and little Amongst evacuating medicines are commended agarick Galens hiera with castor aloes with the juice of savin Pils made of aloe socotorina three drams the best myrrh one scruple extract of callamus aromaticus carduus benedictus saffron of each three grains of thâ— rootes of gentian dittander each five grainâ— with syrup of bay berries and given one scrâ—ple weight in the evening before supper 4. Opening obstructions by those things that move the courses the cheife are inwardly given the decoction of rosemary with the flower of wal flower in wine Zacutus his chalybeat wine i. 9. c. 10. his water in the same place Pennyroial water twice distiled with cinnamon water The extract of Zedoary angelica castor The faecula of bryony the earth which is found in iron mines given in the same quantity order and forme as steel is The spirit of tartar Hartmans lozinges of Crocus martis Outwardly Zacutus his oyntment of steel l. 3. histor p. 52. the fat of an eele of a snake with the distilled oyl of savin A suffumigation of the refuse of Regulus antimonii of which in Hartman 5. A discussion of the remainders by sweaters viz. with a drauft either of Qercetans milium solis in his pharmaco restituta Or with a chalybeate decoction with spirit of tartar the juice of elder c. The Differences are fetcht from the Causes I. One is from the obstruction of the veins of the womb which is caused by cold and thick blood viscous and thick humors mixt with the blood proceeding either from a hot distemper of the womb which dissipates the subtil and sharp humors leaves the thick and earthy parts or from a cold constitution of the liver and spleen or from the like nourishments especially if in the time of the menstruous flux they be dissipated when the force of the blood is greater and then the time of the purgation being at hand pains are felt in the loins and neighboring parts if any thing flows forth 't is mucous somwhat white and somwhat black there is a dulness in the whole body with a white colour a rare pulse and crude urines Let the Cure be fetcht from what hath been said before Another from compression which is either from external causes as the northern air staying in cold water and then the relation of the patient wil unfould it The blood must be drawne to the lower parts by frictions bandages baths Or from internal causes to wit the fat of the womb or tumors of the neighboring parts and then the tumor must be taken away with convenient remedies Things that move the courses have no place here Another is from a constipation whiles the substance of the womb it self is hard which is either from the first birth and then 't is not easily taken away or after the birth from a cold and dry distemper of which formerly Another from a growing together which is caused 1. By a skar left after an ulcer 2. By flesh or a membrain growing over the vessels of the womb 3. By often abortion after which those veins to which the secundine adheres doe so grow together that afterwards they cannot be opened II. One is from a defect of blood which either is not generated either by reason of external causes viz. hunger too much evacuation issues c. or of internal as a cold constution of the principal parts old age feavers Or 't is converted to other uses as before ripe age into the augmentation of the body in women with childe to the nourishment of the young one in those that give suck into milk in fat folkes into fat Or 't is wasted either by reason of external causes to wit exercise too much labour frights sadness baths hot houses which by provoking plentious sweats do both carry the blood to the circumference of the body and wast its serous part which gives fluxibility to it or internal as are hot and dry diseases too great evacuations made by other parts c. Another from the dryness of the blood which is caused by adustion when in the winter time women put light coales under their lower belly to drive away the cold and then we must act with coolers and moistners Article IV. Of a dropping and difficulty of the courses The dropping of the courses is a breaking forth of the menstruous blood either for many dayes or continually yet made by drops There is no need of Signs when the fault is made known by the relation of the woman The Cause consists either in thing external or in the blood or in the vessels The Cure follows the Nature of the Causes The Difference is taken from the causes One is from external causes exercise hot medicines and other things that diffuse the blood and open the passages and then there is a greater pouring forth of blood Another is from the faeculency of the blood the waies not beng open enough and then it happens with pain in the cure opening a vein in the arm takes place Purging by little and little ought to be urged Another is from the weakness of the retentive faculty there comming together a plenty of blood a
thinness and serosity and then no pain urges We must act with medicines that strengthen the womb with astriction and dryness II. A difficulty of the courses is a flowing of them with pain and trouble and greivous symptomes by the default of the veins or blood The signs are taken from the relation of the patient those pains are of the head stomach loyns and lower belly The flux is either altogether or only by the way of dropping and somtimes when the courses are at hand somtimes when they flow the symptoms happen and they do more afflict virgins and the barren because the veins of their wombes are less open than those that have brought forth because their veins after breeding are dilated We shal treat of the causes in the differences The cure respects 1. The Symptoms which must be mitigated 2. The causes which must be taken away The difference is taken from the causes One is from the straitness of the veins of which we have sayd enough in the suppression of the courses Another from the faults of the blood that is 1. From the thickness and feculency of it and then the blood whiles it is emptyed grows into clots the pains grow feircer a long time before the evacuation by reason of the endeavors of the expulsive Faculty The cure premising universals is perfected by things attenuating and that have power to diffuse it 2. From the acrimony proceeding from the mixture of sharp humors and then the genital parts do iâ—ch the nature of the bloâ—d voided and manner of the pain discovers the disease We must act with things that qualify the acrimony as are the Four greater seeds violets the flowers of water lillies 3. From the flatulency and then the pain returns by intervalls and of a suddain grows sharper wanders up and down wind being voided it ceases It is cured by emptying of the matter and discussing of wind Article 5. Of the discoloring of the courses The discolouring of the courses is a declining of them when as they ought to be ruddy to a palness whiteness greeness yellowness or lividness by default of blood The signs are afforded from beholding the blood it self there is added a stinkingness an inordinate evacuation and oftentimes erratick Feavers accute horror loathing of meat pains of the stomach c. concerning which see Hippocrates The cause is layd upon the falt of the blood concerning which as also of its causes see in the differences The cure attends the causes therefore according to the nature of them it varies 'T is divided twofold I. One is when the blood contracts a fault either by reason of a distemper of the whol body or of some principal part respect to which must be had in the cure Another when the blood is in fault either because 't is supprest and retaind and then a stoppage of the courses went before pains are felt in the breast and strong pulsations if the habit be better the courses break forth and the blood flows forth and a strong smelling matter about the eight or ninth day Or because 't is polluted by the womb abounding with excrements and then there are signs of a polluted womb Another when the blood is polluted by the mixture of excrementitious humors and then if you consider the cure we must prepare them but so that when as thick humors do want attenuation and things too much attenuating do melt the serous humors and move them to the womb we must absteine from the stronger and beware of vinegar we must empty c. II. One is when the courses decline to a whiteness which ariseth either from flegm of which howsoever it be there are signs of a weak stomach or from matter and then either ulcers are raised in the womb and barrenness follows or the courses flow forth for seven or eight days and the woman is freed or the same break forth at the parts above the groin without a tumor and about the hypochondries they come forth and the woman seldom survives Or after some daies a great tumor riseth upon the groin ruddy without a head because there the flesh is filled up and 't is hardly opened Another is when it declines to yellowness or greenness which proceeds from choler Another when to a lividness which ariseth from melancholy Article 6. Of an inordinate flux of the courses An inordinate flux of the courses includes two things to wit an anticipation of the courses before the due time and their continuance beyond the accustomary time The anticipation of the courses is divided according to the nature of the causes One is from external causes viz. a fal a blow and other things that open the veins See the cure below Another from the irritation of the expulsive faculty of the womb 1. By the plenty of blood which is known by this that the blood is sent from the whol body to the womb 't is fluid and natural there are signs of a plentitude 'T is cured by bleeding if the plenty be great by dyet and often exercise if it be less 2. By the thinness and acrimony of the blood which is known by this that the temper of the whol body is hot a course of dyet generating such blood went before the blood it self is dilute discolored yellowish 'T is cured by emptyers rhubarb especially by qualefyers of which formerly Another from the weak retentive faculty of the womb which is known by this that the vessels of the womb are loose the habit of the body also is lax and moist The cure forbids things too much astringent Acid waters and baths that have the vertue of iron are commended II. The continuance of the courses beyond the accustomary time is divided also according to the nature of the causes One is which proceeds from the disappointment of the expulsive faculty which is caused 1. By the scearcity of blood which is known by this that the woman finds no trouble by the protraction of her courses that too much excercise or slender dyet went before 2. By the thickness of the blood which is known by this that there are signs of a cacochyme the blood is whitish and viscous In the cure we must purge before much blood be gathered together attenuate when the menstruous purgation is over calamint and mercury beare the palme some days before the monthly purgation we must open scarification of the ankels takes place here Another which ariseth from the weakness of the expulsive faculty which is induced 1. By a cold distemper of the womb of which formerly 2. By a stupidity of the same which is known by this that there are present disease causing stupidity or too great use of coolers went before after the due time of purgation though there be present abundance of blood no heaviness is perceived by the woman In the cure we must have respect to the disease and its causes Article 7. Of too much flowing of the courses The too much flowing of the courses is
either a too plentiful or more continued purgation of them than is convenient arising either from the fault of the blood or of the womb or of the veins There is not much need of signs especially if there follow a want of appitite crudety an evil color of the face a swelling of the feet and the rest of the body an atrophy cachexy c. The cause we have layd on the blood the womb or the veins but whence these are in fault shal be explained in the differences The cure is difficult if it be of long continuance None at al if it happen to a woman growing old It reqiures 1. A restraint of them by revulsion interception thickning of the blood stopping up the vessels by astringent means and other things Yet it must be stopt by degrees if there be a great plenty of blood and it happen by way of crisis the which falls out seldom Here take place Heurnius his pouder of the seed of white henbane white poppy each one dram of the bloodstone red coral each half a dram camphure half a scruple given half a dram weight The pouder of amber sanguis draconis the bloodstone red corral purslane seeds each one dram pomegranate flowers two scruples easterne bole armenick two drams given from one dram in three ounces of plantane water Asses milk with steel Ferdinandus his aqua mirabilis histor 33. The trochisks de carabe the benes of a man strongly calcined Zacutus his pills l. 9. prax histor p. 185. His plaister there The plaister of saxonia made of the sut of a chimney volatil floure c. a pessary made of heggs and asses dung with the juice of plantane and the mucilage of quinse seeds Specificks are inwardly Forestus his pouder of a turtil l. 28. obs 10. The salt of the ashes of the same the thin skin of geese feet dryed and given from one dram to two scrupels Outwardly a girdle of the leaves of bastard black hellebore bruised Of which Renealmus obser 21. The differences are divers which do cheifly respect the causes 1. One is from blood which 1. either is derived from the bottom of the womb in which the blood is blacker and for the most part clotted Or from the neck which is more ruddy and fluid 2. 'T is either plentiful or sharp or serous Of which in the following difference Another from the moistness of the womb of which see formerly Another from the fault of the Veins concerning which consult with the third difference One is from plenty of blood which is known by this that either the vessels are opened or broke in women especially whose courses have stopt a long while and afterwards do breake forth more plentifully There are signs of a plentitude the blood which comes forth doth easily concrete into clots In the Cure we must respect 1. Bleeding which if it be ordered for evacuation it concernes a vein in the arme the liver veine cheifly If the strength be feeble 't is ordered in the salvatella of each hand if it be for revulsion it must be done at several times because being repeated it revells more powerfully 2. Cupping-glasses which for evacuation may be applied to any part if you except the lower as to the back shoulders and that with scarification for revulsion they ought to be set to the breasts without scarification and upon a difficulty of breathing ensuing they must be removed 3. Ligatures frictions of the armes c. Another from sharp blood which is known by this that there is a corrosion of the vessels joyned with it there are signs of choler The blood is detained and corrupted in the womb it slides forth in greater quantity In the Cure let purging be administred by syrup of roses solutive and leaves of senny See things that thicken it above mentioned Another from serous and watery blood which is known by this that either the liver is faulty by its weakness or the kidnies by reason of their weakness do not attract the serum The blood flowes forth in lesse quantity and is not easily clotted that which is flowed forth if it be received on a linnin cloath and dryed in the shade discovers it self by the colour The Cure attends the diseases themselves III. One is from an Anastomosis in the cure of which observe that hot things ought to be mixt with cold least the veins be obstructed the ventilation of heat be prohibited and a feaver induced that pessaries may be applied if the opening be in the vessels of the neck where oake leaves and unguentum Commitissae are good that baths must not be used unless they be somwhat cold or whose astringent power overcomes their heat Another is from a Diapedisâ—s which happens very rare it presently requires astringent topicks Another from a Breaking which happens either from a plenitude or from causes that stir the blood especially from hard labor and premising the opening of a vein if ther be need 't is cured by conglutinating medicines Another from a corrosion which is known from hence that little blood flowes somtimes purulent somtimes serous It ariseth from a sharp and corrupt blood somtimes also from sharp medicines amongst Astringents is commended the root of dropwort or ' its decoction Article VIII Of the Womans flux and gonorrhaea The womans flux which otherwise is exprest by the name of the whites is an inordinate voiding from the womb of an excrementitious humor by its whole nature differing from blood collected by the fault either of the whole or of some part 'T is called the womans because it affects women and truly virgins also when as the causes take place in them and there are examples of it Yet more commonly those of riper age especially if they be indewed with a moist and cold constitution do lead a delicate and idle life and feed upon cold and moist nourishments old women also and that unto death by reason of the plenty of flegm and the weakness of the concocting faculty There is no need to enquire the Signs the affect is made known by the relation of the patient her self It differs from a gonorrhaea because in that the matter of the seed flows forth whiter thicker and at longer intervals and 't is voided in less quantity From a nocturnal polution because this is joyned with a phansie of a venereal business and happens only in the sleep From the discolored courses because they observe their periods though not alwaies exactly they do not happen to women with child and those troubled with the suppression of the courses they shew a red colour From matter out of the ulcers of the womb because then the signs of an ulcer stand forth the matter it self is thicker and whiter It it be sanious 't is besmeared with blood and voided with pain We have laid the Cause upon an Excrementitious Humor which Somtimes is raised by purging Medicines Nature being stirred up by their use to attempt excretions somtimes by Baths Nature casting off
by this way those Excrements which could not be driven forth by sweat The cure must be hastened for it makes women Barren for the most Part unless perhap it be emptyed through the Vessels of the Neck of the womb it casts the same into an Atrophy consumption Melancholy Dropsie Falling down of the womb swounings and Convulsions Hence though at the beginning 't is scarce Cured yet afterwards 't is more difficult For the whol body accustomes it self to cast off the Excrements through that way and the womb being rendered weaker collects Excrements It varies according to the nature of the Causes The Differences are taken from the part that sends them and the colour of the blood I. One is from the whol which is known by this that there are signs of a Cacochymy in the whol body the flux is more plentiful In the Cure 1. Bleeding must be shunned both because the Humors ought not to be recalled into the Veins to pollute the blood and because the strength is dejected by the long continuance of this affect and the body wasted 2. Discussion is very wel performed by Decoctions of Guajacum China and lentisk wood c. 3. For drying the Root of dropwort is very much commended For binding the pouder of mans bones the ashes of Capons dung in rain water Zacutus his Plaister l. 9. c. 11. Prax. History which ought to be applyed to the Kidneys 4. Sleeping on the back must be avoided least by the heat of the Loyns the humors be carried towards the womb 5. Frictions of the upper parts are good for aversion Another is from some part besides the womb and then there are signs of the part affected in the cure we must have regard unto it II. One is from the womb which is known by this that there are signs of the womb affected the flux is not so plentiful It ariseth from the distemper of it of which in the Cure we must have a regard Suffumigations of Frankincense Labdanum Mastick Saunders are wel applyed but from what Cause soever it ariseth baths do most good Concerning a Gonorrhaea if any thing ought to be known let it be sought from those things which are said concerning a mans gonorrhaea Chap. 2. Of the Symptomes more familiar to those that live out of Wedlock Article I. Of the Virgins Disease THe Symptoms more familiar to those that live unmarried are the Virgins disease the suffocation of the womb the madness of the womb and the melancholy of women The Virgins disease otherwise the white the Virgins the Pale the Lovers Feaver is a change of the natural color in the Face into a greenish and pale proceeding from the abundance of crude Humors 'T is called the Virgins because it appertains most of al to Virgins and truly to the Fairer endued with a white colour thence the Tincture from crude Humors is the easier The Face it self wil afford us the Signs to which add other Symptomes as the pain of the Head somtimes madness the Humors and Vapors being carried thither and mixt with Melancholy a difficulty of breathing with a palpitation of the heart if they stir with a smal and frequent pulse of the Arteries in the Neck back and Temples by Reason of the lifting up of Vapors from the heating of the thick blood inordinate and erratick Feavers by reason of the Putrefaction of the Humors manifold affects of the Stomach amongst which loathing of meat by reason of the unhappy distribution of the Chyle A Pica from the abundance of evil humors in the coats of the stomach Vomiting from the great plenty of crude Humors both a distension of the Hypochondries from the reflux of the Menstruous blood to the greater Vessels and a rumbling from the tumultuation of wind A swelling as wel of the whol body with a laxness and softness from the plenty of the Humor as either of the Eye-lids especially in the morning after sleep when in the night the heat hath raised more Vapors and serour Humors than could be discussed or of the Legs and Feet especially about the Ankles from the abundance of serous Humors The CAUSE is the crudity and plenty of Humors arising either from the suppression of the Courses or from the Native straitness of the Vessels or from that acquired by eating of wheat Loom Chalk earth Nut-Meg drinking of Vineger c. Or from the obstruction of other bowels For the Menstruous blood the Passages not being open doth regurgitate to the greater Veins and Bowels obstructs the Vessels and over whelms the heat Hence ariseth evil concoction in the Bowels and the Humors are carried to the habit of the body The CURE is accomplisht 1. by bleeding especially in the Ankle if the malady be new and the blood is not turnd into another humor If it ariseth from the Evacuation of blood supprest 2. By Purging premising Preparatives 3. By opening obstructions in which we must have respect to al the bowels the suppression of the Courses must most of al be minded There are commended Steel prepared Scorzonera Root Bezoar stone Oyl of Crystals c. In the diet Vineger must be voided Article II. Of the Suffocation of the womb The Suffocation of the womb is a heap of Symptomes opposing somtimes the natural actions somtimes the Animal somtimes and more often the vital by periods joyned with a coldness of the whol Body proceeding from a malignant Vapor raised from the womb 'T is called also the Suffocation of women the strangling from the womb the Hysterical passion c. The SIGNS are either of that at hand a wearinness of the whol body with a weakness of the Legs a paleness of the Face with a sad look a nauseousness which is seldome succeeded with vomiting oftentimes a certain wearisomness and loathing of meat and that somtimes with a murmuring and rumbling of the belly somtimes without these Or of that present in which a Vapor raised up to the heart and stopping the vital spirits a smal fainting away is Caused the Pulse is changed a little the body grows cold the spirits recurring to the heart fear and desperation moves the patients the same thrust to the Head and Jaws somtimes the Jaws are bound up and the Patient seems to be suffocated The motion of the breast and Midriffe is hindered the Animal spirits being stopt and breathing is almost intercepted the sick living in the mean while by Transpiration somtimes a madness of the womb is added with prating and fury somtimes other kinds of madness arise Somtimes sleep and a drowsie Disease is induced in which the woman falling as astonisht lies without motion without sense with such smal breathing that she seems dead Or of the fit declining and then a certain Humor flows forth from the Privities the Guts murmur by and by the Eyes are lift up the Cheeks grow red sence and motion return Somtimes a coldness at the time slides from the Head by the Neck into the shoulder and Arme which
because the blood it self partly by its unaccustomedness and the narrowness of its own accord flow thither In the cure 1. bleeding beares the palme that the nourishment of the mola may be withdrawn and it must be larger if the woman be plethorick more sparingly it not so in the ankle or ham 2. Strong and often repeated purging 3. Opening of the courses 4. Chyrurgery of which see Authors Prevention requires 1. That Copulation be not too often especially in bodies not strong enough by reason of the generation of weak seed 2. That it happen not when the courses are at hand or flowing or when the womb labors of a distemper See the Differences in physical observations for this mass is not only without bones and bowels but somtimes 't is more membranous viscous fast together not yeelding to iron Somtimes it presents a long forme rhomboidal c. somtimes 't is destitute of all life somtimes it lives the life of a plant Somtimes 't is voided with a child without one after one and somtimes a dysentery goes before the voiding of it Article 2. Of the Symptoms of women with child The symptoms of women with child are in a threefold Difference Some happen at the first time of their bearing in the belly and they are 1. A cramp troubling especially the leggs which is taken away by anointing them by the fire with oyl of bays putting on afterwards hot rowlers 2. The pain of the Sciatica with oyl of Venice turpentine anointed on drives away 3. Loathing of meat which ariseth from the suppression of the courses the better part of the blood going to the young one the worse remaining in the veins from whence by agitation vapors are sent to the mouth of the stomach with the humors a vitious quality is imprinted on it and which ceases of its own accord when the young one is grown greater 4. A Pica or a desire to absurd meats for taking away of which serves the water distilled in the month of May from vine leaves 5. A nauseousness and vomiting which if it be easy ought not to be stopt if difficult 't is not free from danger 6. Torments and pains of the belly which are raised by the wind from the humors about the womb and somtimes do cast women into swouning fitts 7. A loosness which must be timely remedied least abortion follow 8. A pain in the teeth from part of the sharper humor carried thither 9. A pain of the head and vertigo from the vapors sent forth distending and troubling it Others trouble in the middle months of their bearing and are I. A cough from a sharp vapor or the veins of the breast which by reason of the concussion of the muscles of the belly watchings pain of the head is dangerous 2. A palpitation of the heart and faintings which if it arise from plenty of blood is a forerunner of abortion and is cured by bleeding 3. Pains of the loyns and hipps either from the blood supprest falling upon the vessels of those places or from the child growing bigg 4. A flux of blood from the womb nose hemrods which is caused 1. From a rupture of the vessels of the womb by evident causes which are known from the relation of the patient 2. From plenty of blood and then the woman is endued with a good color she beares the flux wel there is less danger if so be the flux be not too much 3. From the weakness of the young one not attracting the blood and then for the most part either the birth is protracted beyond the due time or is difficult or abortion follows there are signs of the weakness of the child that is 1. Either the woman is troubled with a looseness of body by which the nourishment is withdrawn from the young or her courses flow often when she is with child or the mother is often or long sick whence ariseth a fault of the nourishment or the breasts which were swelled ful before are extenuated for want of nourishment in the common veins of the womb and breasts or the young one which already had began to move or ought to move either is not moved or moves weakly 4. From evil humors goading the expulsive Faculty and then sharp things coloured stinking flow forth with pain there are signs of a cacochymy Others happen in the last months as is 1. A stoppage of the urine which ariseth from a compression of the neck of the bladder by the womb it happens cheifly when they stand 2. A hardness and slowness of the belly which ariseth either from a compression of the gutts made by the young one it self or by an extraction of the moisture caused by the same in women that have a hot and dry liver and spleen 't is dangerous because by a violent straining to evacuate al the parts in the belly being ful some dammage may easily ensue 3. A tumor and inflation of the veins either in the leggs by reason of the weakness of the liver of which in its place or by the suppression of the more serous blood and then the women with child for the most part bring forth girles We must forbeare from the cure because the humor is emptyed with the after purgation after the delivery unless walking be hindered or in the hipps that they become as it were varicous which proceeds from the same cause 4. clefts of the skin of the belly by reason of the distension especially at the first birth which are prevented with the anointing of laxative liniments as are marrowes oyles 5. The effusion of water which in the time of bearing is collected between the membranes that involve the young one which wants not danger because both the young one perceives some trouble from thence and a hard labor follows for want of moisture Article 3. Of the symptomes about the delivery The symptomes that happen about the delivery are also not a few I. An untimely flux of blood before the birth whence is a weakness of strength and swounings In the cure of which emptyers must be shunned the aire forbidden cordialls and strengthners must be given when the mouth of the womb opens it self the membrane must be broken and the infant brought forth II. Abortion when the child is born before the lawful time of bringing forth which is feared if the breasts be extenuated because it is a sign that either the blood does fail in the veins common to the womb and breasts or that by the violence of the young one or rupture of some vessels it doth rush to the womb If plenty of milk flow from them If the great bellyed woman have often pains about the belly and loins which end towards the pubes os sacrum with a certain endeavor to cast forth of her womb If after them blood either pure or ichorous or warer flow forth It ariseth in general from the fault of the expulsive faculty of the womb which is irritated either by the young one
'T is hardly cured if it have its Cause lurking in the bowels which nourisheth it in Infants 't is easily taken away with discussives Another is fleshy when a fleshy substance lifts the Navel up into a Tumor which is known by this that the Tumor is hard and being prest doth not yeild and is changed by no manner of lying 'T is Cured by cutting of the flesh performed by a caustick Medicine or Iron unless it turn to a Cancer for so the evil is incurable An Inflamation of the Muscles of the belly affects either the right Muscles or transverse If those the Tumor is oblong and extended al over the belly The Skin is not handled without pain and being laid hold on doth not follow In every posture the bulk of the Tumor remains the same If these the deep parts are more affected and because those Muscles are Membranous about their end and have many Nerves the pain is the greater 't is distinguisht from an Inflamation of the Liver by this that it follows the Figure of the Muscles and is not so round The Cure is such as in other Inflamations and so much of the lower Belly An Appendix Concerning the Gout An arthritis is a pain of the parts about the joints caused by a defluxion of a serous and sharp humor poured forth of the veins and arteries into them assailing by periods having joined with it an hinderance of motion The subject is the membranous parts and those endued with sense about the joints from which neither are the membranous ligaments excluded The pain is caused more in them both because the humors are thrust thither from the veins and arteries and because being carried thither they are in less room The SIGNS are almost evident by the relation of the Patient at first assault the pain invades the great Toe and for the most part of the left Foot afterwards a Tumor heat and redness is manifestly perceived there is added an impotency to move and in an Arthritis of long continuance hard Knobs c. The CAUSE is a solution of unity induced by a serous Salt and sharp Humor this ariseth from the use of nourishments as plants Carpes unwholsom wines by the accession of a vitious constitution of the bowels as of the Liver and Spleen the efficient Cause of that Salt or Tartar It oftentimes comes neer to the Nature of spirits which have a most biting Salt in them whence it often wanders up and down By reason of the want of sufficient separation 't is mixt with the blood By the veins and arteries 't is sent to the joints whence when the fit is at hand the vessels which lead to the hands and feet and are inserted to the utmost joints do swel by reason of their weakness either natural from their parents or acquired by labor excess of the air and other things altering the joints from whence they become softer and more relaxt nature being stimulated by its plenty disburthening it self and somtimes being helpt by external causes as the spring or autume aire affections of the mind the retention of accustomary sweating c. 't is moved to the joints rather than to other parts perhaps because the ligaments and tendons are nourisht with a more terrestrial blood and that hath affinity with the tartarous humor The CURE is in general most difficult both by reason of the disease it self in respect of errors in dyer and other things by reason of the fit because the humors dispersed through the ligaments membranes and nerves by reason of thickness coldness of those parts are hardly discust None at al if any deadly disease be joined with it If there be a luxation for though the joint may be reduced yet the ligaments remaine relaxt if in the luxation the cavity of the joint be filled with a tophous matter because before that is taken away the joint cannot be reduced that cannot be taken away if it be hereditary It respects I. The fit in which 1. The humors rushing to the part affected must be taken away where bleeding takes place if blood do abound and that quickly because the flux is urgent Of the basilica if al or many joints be affected in the opposite side if one only No bleeding if flegmatick blood predominate least discussion be protracted Purging when the pains are at hand for which end is thought to serve hermodactils Paracelsus his arthritical pouder Horatius Angenius his electuary cariocostinum the gum for the gout in stronger bodies in the weaker the matter boyling very much Solenander his syrup of buck thorne mechoacan c. Sweating which is very wel caused with the decoction of China of the root of bur dock with treacle harts-horne prepared antimonium diaphoreticum 2. The afflux must be hindered by repellers if the pain be increased by a suddain and too great afflux of humors but not by them alone least the motion intended by nature be stopt with danger of life but mixt with things anodyne The liquor of the flowers of mullein is commended and hartshorne burnt steept and boyled in the water of mullein flowers and applied to the greived part 3. The pain must be mitigated where takes place Stockerus his oleum raninum l. 1. c. 58. prax Rulandus his antipodagrical water in Hartmans Chymiatry Lacuna his ointment of dane wort The foame of the decoction of china root in Zacutus l. 3. hist med hist 38. Anointing with the oyl of mans bones Freitagius his secret of opium and camphure in his book of opium Another of the same Authors there of sugar of saturne and the salt of the same c. A lye sufficiently seasoned with salt the pouder of oriental Bezoar stone or harts-horne prepared mixt with hony of roses and vineger by a gentle heate and layd on by way of cataplasme c. 4. The matter which hath flowed thither must be discust where take place the ointment of castor Solenander his mushromy of the oake consil 24. sect 4. The water in which brass and iron are quenched and afterwards mercurius vitae is steept the decoction of Nettles made with wheaten bread Salt wine and water c. 5. The Knobs must be dissolved for which purpose serves A Cataplasme of old cheese dipt in the strong broth of Salt Hogs flesh and that which you may find in Hartmans Chymiatry 2. Prevention which requires 1. A convenient diet in which ought to be shunned the Air in excess meats that do administer matter for it drinking of Moravia and Austria wine c. too great passions of the mind 2. Bleeding unless the body be cold some open the Veins of the great Toes every month 3. Purging which ought to be ordered spring and autum and it requires gentle ones rather than strong 4. The use of things good against the Gout as are Germander Ground pin round Birth-wort the true Pontick Rhubard c. 5. The strengthning of the Joynts for which end serves a Lie made of
the Ashes of beech and often strained with the like quantity of wine and Alum two ounces As concerning the differences its species are the Foot-Gout the Hand-Gout the Knee-Gout and the Hip-Gout Concerning them we meet with nothing besides what hath been formerly spoke Concerning the last we must observe 1. That it ought to be distinguished from that pain which indeed is most vehement but neither causeth a Tumor neither consists alwaies about a joynt but in the middle spaces also between the joynts oftentimes after it hath afflicted a man once or twice it returnes not again al his life time 2. That it hath this property that 't is diffused more largely than in other joynts and often times to the adjoyning parts both by reason of the largeness of the Hip bone and the distribution of the Nerves which come from the Loyns and Os Sacrum to that Articulation to divers parts 3. That 't is very hardly Cured as wel by reason of the deepness and largeness of the place as for the plenty of matter that is wont to be collected there In the Cure for derivation a Vein in the outward Ankle is wel opened if the pain tend outwardly the Saphena in the inner Ankle if the pain tend inwardly We must act with strong Purgers The Discussers are Sciatica-cresses winter Cresses dittander and others concerning which consult with Practitioners We write only an Idea And let these suffice of the Diseases of the lower belly and joynts THE ELEVENTH BOOK OF THE IDEA OF PRACTICAL PHYSICK Concerning Poysonous Diseases Title I. Concerning the French Pox. HItherto we have treated of diseases that were not poysonous to those that are poysonous belong the pestilence the leprosy of the Arabians The French pox and poysons Of the two former we have formerly treated now we must speak of the French Pox. But the French Pox is a virulent contagious cachexy of the whol body for the most part raging with a hot distemper falling of the haire spots swellings stubborn ulcers and cruel pain especially at night enemy to the liver and nourishing faculty arising from an excrement infected with a malignant and poysonous quality transferred by contagion but especially by copulation and tyrannizing with many symptomes It hath divers names 't is called the French the Italian the Neapolitan the Spanish the Indian disease Syphilis the gout of the privities the great Pox c. The adequate subject is the whol body but the fewel of the evil is the liver it self from which polluted a crude and corrupt blood is dispersed into the whol habit of the body and the nourishment of every part is depraved The signs of it begining are a light weariness of all the members with a heaviness of the whol body because the natural spirits which are the immediate instrument of the supporting faculty are infected a smal and wandring pain through al the parts which a vapor raised from the liver induceth by the same the color of the face is changed and under the eys there appeares a blewish circle as in menstruous bodies An exceeding heat ariseth in the soles of the feet and hands even in the winter The sleep is interrupted a moderate rottenness about the privities either because the filth of womens secrets hath corroded the skin or because the liver drives forth to the privities the contagion communicated to it by the natural spirits Moderate smal buboes not painful nor increasing much because the liver drives out evil Exexcrements to the groines as to its emunctories A french running of the reins which is inferd by the weakness of the spirits governing the faculties of the testicles Of it confirmed are hard pustles al over the body especially the head and beard arising about the fourth or sixth month somtimes with a crust somtimes not somtimes with filth somtimes not which ariseth either from a contagious matter sent from the liver or from the part heaping up excrements by reason of the fault of concoction Callous ulcers in the privities A softness and hanging down of the uvula in the throat which is followed with a boarsness of the voice for the nattural spirit being weakened flegme ariseth in the stomach snivel in the braine flegmatick blood in the veins and in process of the disease being adust it becomes sharp Tumors of the glandules in the jawes the matter infected and voided by the emunctories being communicated to the head A Corruption of the palate and teeth which shewes the highest degree of the disease firme crying Paines arising before the evening which proceed either from a malignant vapor or from the excrement heaped up about the periostia of every part A Corruption of the bones of the head and armes before an ulcer doth arise Malignant ulcers besetting the whole body for the causes now given A falling of the hair crusts callosities clefts in the palmes of the hands and soles of the feet which arise from a flegmatick matter very much burnt A tingling of the ears which is produced when the hurtful vapor from the head cannot be expel'd by the skin nor by the mouth nor nose and therefore by the last endeavor is thrust to to the ears See more in Practitioners The Cause is an excrement polluted with a poysonous mallignity possessing the whol body or some parts of it and corrupting the blood conteined in the veins and making it unfit for good nourishment 't is communicated by contagion which is promoted inwardly 1. By the weak force of the natural spirits and the liver it self 2. By the largeness of the vessels that a passage lyes open for the vapors and filth 3. By an easie inflaming of the humors by which that is most easily snatcht 4. By the nature and softness of the substance in the parts 5. By the affection of the minde which if it be vehement they that couple are not easily infected Outwardly by contact by communication of substance viz. of the filth Ichor or sutty vapors which is the easier if the parts be soft thin and be hot for which makes also copulation with one infected sucking of her milk besmeering with the spittle kissing lying in bed with her using the garments of one infected c. The Cure is more difficult if it seaze on those once cured If it fal upon a hot and dry distemper because either things propper cannot be administred or if they be another dammage is brought upon the body If it fal upon a hot and dry time of the yeare because the strength is then most of al exhausted If a Feaver consumption or other greivous symptom be joyned with it if there appeare in the joynts callous scirrous and hard tumors If the sick be an infant and hath sucked in this evil with the milk because the virulency goes into the stomach with the milk which infects the liver and blood It respects 1. Preservation the which can scarce be taught with a good conscience least there be a door opened to wandring lusts
succeed the washing of the Head with Fallopious his lie IV. Pains of the Head in whose cure inwardly takes place Hartmans Diaphoretick Oyl of Mercury outwardly Vigoes Magistral Plaister de ranis and that of Platerus Observat l. 3. V. Pains of the Joynts and especially of the lower parts between the Joynts which at night grow more feirce because then the pores are stopt and they are taken away by fomentations VI. Pustles Efflorescencies Scabs clefts in the palms of the Hands and soles of the Feet the Cure of which see in Hartman VII A running of the Reins in which the same Hartman commends green Mercury precipitate or the Gum of Pockwood which being given Turpentine washt in violet water and dissolved with the yelk of an Egg ought to be administered with the Decoction of Sarsaparilla 'T is distinguished from another by this that it causeth little or no itching nor doth not so soon cast the Patient into a Consumption VIII A tingling of the Ears which is very difficultly cured yet somtimes it vanisheth by the use of the decoction of Pockwood Septalius commends an Asses water distilled in which Pockwood some castor and a bundle of Horse mint have steeped al night and dropt into the Ears or the fume of it received IX Hardnesses or Knobs and Gummosities for the Cure of which Platerus hath afforded excellent Plaisters in the third book of his Observation Hither belong Hartmans Oyntment made of Vnguentum Aureum of the shops and Mercury sublimate X. A Consumption in the Cure of which Septalius tels me l. 7. Of his Animadversions p. 322. That the Decoction of Sarsaparilla made with leane Veal is admirable Read more of this subject in the Guide to Physick and Chyrurgery Riverius Practice of Physick and his Observations and the London Dispensatory Al of the last Editions Englished by me Title II. Of Poysons Chap. I. Of Poysons digged out of the Earth POysons considered in special are either digged out of the Earth or Vegetables or Living Creatures The cheife and most common of those digged out of the Earth are the following I. Aqua Fortis whose strength is broke by the Mucilage of Quince Seeds Flea-wort Gum Tragacanth c. II. Antimony whose Antidote is bole-Armenick given with Oyl of Cloves and a little Wine That it hurt not with its Vapors whiles it is wrought in the fire we must Eat butter with Rue or drink Zedoary water III. Lapis Lazuli which if it be taken either ill prepared or in a greater quantity it ought to be cast up by vomit and be tempered with a drauft of warm Milk especially asses Milk IV. Arsnick Auripigmentum Sandarach which somtimes infect by their smel their specificks are Crystal digged out of the Earth poudered and drank one dram weight with new Oyl of sweet Almonds and Oyl of Pine Nuts given three drams weight V. Burnt brass Scales of Brass the flour of Brass the rust of Brass which are weakned by sheeps Fat taken in broth are killed by Bole-Armenick given with Honey and water VI. Refuse of Iron and the rust of Iron whose antidote is thought to be one dram of a Load-stone made into Pils with the juyce of Mercury VII Lead to which are opposed the Kernels of quinces husked bruised and given two drams weight with sweet wine VIII Quick-silver against whose fume received we proceed with a drauft of wine in which some Cephalick things have been boyled Sublimate is resisted by Oyl of Tartar or Salt of Wormwood Chap. 2. Of Vegetable Poysons VEgetable Poysons or those of plants are as follow I. Aconitum or Monkes hood whose antidote is Andromachus Treacle or Terra Lemnia in wine outwardly the swelled body must be anointed with Oyl of St. Johns wort and Scorpions II. Spurge against which a vomit being premised Andromachus Treacle is good with Carduus water III. Mezereon which is resisted with water Germander red Coral Treacle and Terra Lemnia IV. Black Hellebore whose antidote is the pouder of the flowers or Roots of white water Lillie or of Parsnip seed with wine V. Coloquintida whose force Treacle doth infringe VI. Euphorbium whose force is broke with Citron Seed in wine in which Elecampane Roots have boyled VII Green Coriander which causeth a furious raving and hath the Root of swallow wort in wine for its antidote VIII Mandrakes which causeth a heavy sleep its Symptomes are resisted by garden radish taken somtimes with Salt IX Henbane which they that have taken of it do somtimes rangle and dote like drunken men somtimes think that they are beaten with rods by reason of an Itching caused in the whol body its antidotes are Pistachoes castor Rue Nettle Seed X. The Walnut Tree whose shade if any one lie under it it doth hurt and causeth pains of the Head they are taken away with a lie of betony Marjoram Lavender c. XI Nux Vomica whose antidote is Zedoary two drams weight Citron Pill or the Juyce of it Juyce of the Myrtle or quinces XII Opium upon the too much use of which a Heavy sleep seazeth with a Vertigo and itching of the whol body whose antidote is assa Faetida and castor to which add Rue and Origanum XIII Mushrums which if they be taken either in too great quantity or be not wel concocted do cause Suffocation raise the hickops stop the Urin and exulcerate the Guts In the Crue are commended the ashes of prunings of vines with honeyed water Treacle and other things Chap. 3. Of Poysons from live Creatures THe cheife Poysons which are inferred by living creatures are those which are Caused I. By an aspe whose wound is so smal that it can scarce be seen upon its biting there come a heaviness of the Head sleepiness paleness of the Face often gapings c. In the Cure we must provide by ligatures and Scarifications that the Poyson peirce not into the body Treacle with bruised Rue must be laid on the wound Things alexipharmacal must be given inwardly amongst which are commended the leaves of Mullein Avens boyled in Vineger II. By a Viper at whose stroke first the blood comes forth pure which is followed by a bloody and fro thy filth like to the rust of brass with a notable tumor of the part and whol body pustles adust and blackish in the part affected It s antidote is costus given from half a dram to one dram with wormwood wine or the Decoction of wormwood an Hares Runnet Leeks c. III. By a Scorpion at whose stroke do follow pain inflamation a Tumor pustles about the wound like warts 'T is resisted by sage water germander wormwood gentian birth wort up-right vervain wild time c. One hath been freed by frankincense bruised in whom the scorpion had left its print IV. By a Lizard which leaves in the wound for the most part its subtile smal black teeth the teeth must be drawn out with Cupping-Glasses a Cataplasme of the crum of wheaten bread made with the Decoction of