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A10468 The boke of Barthram priest intreatinge of the bodye and bloude of Christ wryten to greate Charles the Emperoure, and set forth. vii.C. yeares a goo. and imprinted. an. d[omi]ni M.D.XLviii. Cum preuilegio, ad imprimendum solum.; De corpore et sanguine Domini. English Ratramnus, monk of Corbie, d. ca. 868.; Trithemius, Johannes, 1462-1516.; Hugh, William, d. 1549. 1548 (1548) STC 20749; ESTC S115653 21,331 36

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take those thynges in verite whych at thys tyme we take in fygure He sayeth that these thynges be done in fygure and not in verite That is by a symilitude not by the manifestacyon of the thynge it selfe The fygure and the verite do dyffer betwene them selues Wherfore the body and bloud that be now celebrate in the churche do dyffer frō the body and thy bloude whyche ar now knowē to be glorifyed by the resurrection thys body is the pledge the figure the other is the verye natural body Thys we celebrate vnto such tyme as we may come to the other and after that we shall come to it the sacramētall body shal be remoued nowe we se that thes too bodyes differ asmuche the one frō the other as the pledge doth from the thynge for whych it is left and as the ymage differeth from the thynge wherfore it is the ymage● and as the fygure differeth from the verite thus it is playne that the mysterye of the body bloude of christ whych is receyued of the faythful in the churche differeth frō the sayde body that was borne of marye the virgyn that suffered was buryed that rose agayne ascēded into heauē sytteth on the ryght hande of the father For thys whych is celebrate in the way muste be spiritually vnderstande for fayth beleueth that thynge whych he seeth not that fedeth the soule spiritually maketh glad the harte gyueth euerlastynge lyfe incorruption Whyles no hede is takē to the thyng that fedeth the body that is pressed wyth the teeth that is brokē in pecys but that thynge whych is takē in fayth spiritually but that body in the whych christ suffered rose agayne is hys proper bodye takē of the virgyne marye palpable visyble ye after hys resurrection he sayth to his disciples Why be you troubled why do fantises occupie youre hartes loke vpō my fete and my hande for I am he grope and see for a spryte hath no fleshe nor bones as ye se that I haue Let vs also here what saynte fulgencius sayeth in hys boke of fayth beleue stedfastly doute not but the onelye beggottē sonne of god the worde was made fleshe that he offered hym selfe for vs as a sacrifice to god in the order of swetnes vnto whō wyth the father the holy gost the patriarkes the prophetes the priests of the olde testamēt dyd sacrifice beastes vnto whō wyth the father the holye ghost wyth whō he hath lyke deuynite the holy vnyuersal church through out all the world● seaseth not in fayth charite nowe to offer the sacrafice of breade wyne In thos fleshely sacrifyces was the significaciō of the fleshe of christ whych he offered for our synnes a significacion of the bloude that he shede for the remission of our synnes but in sacrifice of breade wyne is the action of thankes the cōmemoraciō of the fleshe of christ that he offered for vs of the bloude that he shedde for vs Wherof of Saynte Paule speaketh in the actes of the apostles sayenge take hede to you youre vniuersall flocke in the whyche the holye gooste hath made you byshopes to gouerne the church of god that he hath acquyred wyth hys bloude therfore in the former sacr●fyces it was sygnifyed figuratyuely what shoulde be gyuen vs in thys it is euydently shewed what is gyuen vs already for asmuche as he sayeth that in the former sacrifyces it was sygnifyed what shold be geuen vs in thys sacrifice we remēbre what is gyuen vs already He declareth that as the sacrifices of the olde lawe was fygures of the thynge that was it to com● so thys sacryfice is a figure of the thyng which is already past By these wordes he hath moste playnly shewed how muche difference is betwene the body in whych christ suffered the body whych is celebrate in the remēbraunce of hys passiō death for the bodye wherin he suffered is the proper the verye body hauyng no mysterie nor fygure in hym But thys is a mystycall body shewying one thynge externely by a fygure representyng an other thynge internly through the intellec●iō of fayth Yt let vs adde an other testymoney of saynte Austen that shall both affyrme oure wordes fynyshe oure oracion In the sermone that he made to the people touchyng the sacrament of the alter he sayeth thus The thynge whych you se in the alter of god was sene of you the last nyght but what it is or what it meaneth or of how● great a thyne it conteyneth the sacrament ye haue not it hearde The thyng whych you se is bread wyne that your ●●●s do argue but as your fayth requyreth to be instructe the bread is the body of christ the wyne hys bloude it is quyckely sayed that fayth perauenture is sufficient but fayth doughtles neadeth instructiō Esa ●vi sayeth Except ye beleue ye shal not vnderstāde Therfore you maye saye vnto me syr ye haue cōmaunded vs to beleue now expounde to vs howe we may vnderstande suche a cogitaciō maye ryse in some mans mynde Ye knowe that our Lord Iesus toke hys flesshe of the virgyn marye that he beyng an infante dyd socke was noryshed growed to a mans age and brought to persecution of the Iewes suffered vpō a crosse was kylled takē frō the crosse was buryed and rose agayne the thyrde daye and at hys pleasure ascendyd vnto heauen and carryed hys body thether from whence he shall come to iudge the quycke and deade and there is he nowe syttyng of the ryght hande of the father how therfore is the breade hys bodye and the wyne hys bloude thes good brethren be called sacraments bycause that one thynge is sene in thē and an other vnderstande that whych is sene hath a corporall forme that whych is not sene hath a spirituall frute In thes wordes thy worshypfull auctor instructyng vs what we ought to thynke of the proper bodye of the Lord that was borne of marye and sytteth nowe on the ryght hande of the father in the whych he shall come to iudge the quycke the deade Also what we ought to thynke of the body set on the alter wherof the people be partakers the very bodye is hole and not deuyded wyth any sectiō neyther couered wyth any fygures but thys bodye sette on the table of the Lorde is a fygure because it is a sacrament And the externe thynge whyche is sene hath a corporall forme that feadeth the body but the interne thyng whych is vnderstande hath a spirituall fruite that quyckeneth the soule and he wyllynge to speake more playnly and manyfestly of the mysticall bodye sayeth thus yf you wyll vnderstande the body of the Lord heare the Apostell sayenge you be the bodye of christe And the membres Therfore yf ye be the bodye of christe and the membres of christ your mysterye is conteyned in the Lordes souper you take the
to be another thynge wherof the sacramente is the bodye in the whyth christ suffered the blode whych flowed from his syde are the thynges but the mysteries of thē sayeth he be the sacramentes of the body and bloude of christ which ar celebrated in remēbraunce of chrystes passyon Not only at euery pascall solēnite but euery day in the yere And although there is but one body of the lord in the whych he suffered but one bloud that was shed for the helthe of the worlde yet the sacramentes of these thynges haue taken there names so that we cal thē the body and bloude of christe for the similitudes of the thinges which they signifye So they be called after the same maner as the pascall feaste and the resurrection are whyche verelye be celebrated yet chryste suffred but once in hym selfe and rose agayne nether can those dayes be reuoked for they are paste The dayes in the whych the memorie of the lordes passion resurrection be celebrated are named the selfe same dayes in whych chryst suffered and rose because they haue a symilitude of the verye same dayes in dede Wherfore we say thys day tomorowe or nexte daye is the resurrection of the lorde Not withstandinge that the day in the whiche be rose in dede is many yeares past Do we saye that the lorde is offered whan the sacrament of hys body and bloude be celebrated Where as he was offered but ones in hym selfe for the health of the worlde As the apostles sayeth christ suffred ones for you leauynge an example that you myght folow hys fotesteppes He doth not saye that he suffereth euery daye whych he dyd once He hath lefte vs an example whych is dayly presented to those whych beleue in the mystery of the bodye bloude of christ That whosoeuer shall come to it maye knowe that he ought to be assocyate to hys passions whose Image he loketh for in the holy mysteries accordinge to the sayeng of the wyse mā Thou arte come to the table of a greate man attende deligently what thynges are set before the knowynge that thou thy selfe must prepare lyke thynges To come to the table of a great man is to be partaker of the lordes souper The consyderation of the thynges set before the is the intellygence of the body bloude of christ Wherfore whosoeuer is partaker let hym know that he ought to prepare lyke thynges That is to say he muste imitate christ in dyenge wyth hym the remembraunce of whose death he acknowledgeth not onely in beleuinge but also in tastynge Furthermore saynt Paule sayeth to the Ebrews yt was meete that we shuld haue such a byshop That is to saye holy Innocent wythout spotte segregate from synners and hygher then the heauens whyche shall not nede as the other byshoppes dayly to offer for hys owne synnes and after for the synnes of the people Thys oure Lorde Iesus christe hath done in offerynge hym selfe once and that whych he dyd once he doth now dayly frequēt once he offered him selfe for the synnes of the people the same oblaciō is dayly celebrate among the faythfull but it in a misterye for that whych christ hath once fulfylled in offerynge hym selfe is dayly done in the church in the remembraunce of hys passion by the celebraciō of mysteryes Neyther it is falsly sayd that the Lord is offered or that he suffereth in the mysteries for asmuch as they haue the symilitude of hys death and passiō wherof they be representatiōs Wherfore the mysteries be named the body and bloude of christ because they take the appellation of thinges wherof they be sacramentes SAynt Ysodore in hye boke wherin he entreteth of the true sygnificatiō of words sayeth that a sacrifyce is an holy thynge done or the doynge of an holy thynge for by a mystical prayer it is cōsecrate in the remembraunce of the Lordes passion Therfore he cōmaundeth vs to call it the body and bloude of christ And though it be made of the frutes of the earth it is sanctifyed and made a sacramēt by the inuysible working of the holy ghost The greciās do call thys sacramēt eucharistia that is by interpretaciō good grace and what is better then the bodye and bloude of christ The bread and the wyne truely are comparyd to the body and blond of christ Because that as the vysyble substance of bread and wyne doth norysh and inebriate the externe mā so the worde of god which is the lyuely bread by hys perticipatiō doth recreate the myndes of the faythful And this catholike teacheth that the same mystery of the Lordes passiō muste be done for vs in the remēbrance of the same Thus he declareth that the Lords passion was once done that the memorie of it is represented in the solemnicies of holy thinges Wherfore the breade whyche is made of the frutes of the ground is transposyd whyles he is sanctifyed into the bodye of christ And the wyne that floweth oute of the grape by the sanctificaciō of the godly mysterye is made the bloude of christ not visybly but after the mynde of thys present doctor through the operation of the holy goost wherfore they ar called the body and bloude of Christ and so taken not bycause they do so appere externely but for that they ar so made by the worke of the holy gooste and for that they be an other thyng by the inuysyble power thē vysyble they seme to be He maketh a distinctiō whyles he sayeth The bread and the wyne be comparyd to the body and bloud of christ Bycause that as the substaunce of the visyble bread wyne doth inebriate and norysh the externe mā so the word of god which is the lyuely bread by the participacion of it dothe refreshe recreate the myndes of the faythful Herein he confesseth very playnly that what externe thinge soeuer we receyue it is accommodate to the refection of the body but the worde of god whych is the inuisible bread beyng in the sacrament inuisyble by thys participacion in quyckening the myndes of the faythfull feadeth thē Also the same doctor sayeth a sacrament is in some celebracion when the thyng is so done that it maye he vnderstonde to sygnyfye some what whych is to be taken wyth holynes by this he declareth that eny sacramēt in holy thynges conteyneth some secret that teaching which appereth visible that whych we ought to perceyue inuysyble be dyuers Afterwarde he declareth what sacramentes are to be celebreate amonge the faythfull that is the sacrament of baptysme and of the bodye and bloude of Christe whych are called sacramentes for that a deuyne vertue doth secretely worke the helthe receyued in them vnder the couer of corporall thynges Wherfore they be called sacramentes of secret or holye vertue He sayeth also that a mystery by his sygnifycaciō is that whych hath an hyd and secrete disposycion Here in we be taught that the bodye and bloude of christe be called mysteries bycause they
in the deserte by a spiritual meate an inuisyble drinke dyd eate hys body drynke hys bloude As the apostell wytnesseth sayeng our fathers haue eaten the same spirituall meate dronken the same spirituall drinke here we cannot know by reason how this thinge was done Yet to the doynges fayth must be adhibited for it is he truly whych by hys omnipotente vertue turneth the breade the wyne spiritually into hys flesshe hys bloude also whyche at the tyme made inuycyble the manna that was gyuen from heauē hys body the water powred out of the rocke his blode The which Dauid perceyuinge dyd protest in the holy goost sayenge man hath eaten the breade of angels It ware a fond thynge to suppose that thys corporall manna geuen to oure fathers fedeth the heuenly hoost of angels or that they do eate any suche meate which be rether fedde wyth the dayntyes of goddes worde The psalmyst declar●th playne or the holye goost rather speaketh in the psalmyste both what our fathers receyued in that heauēly manna and what the faythfull ought to beleue in the mysterie of the body blode of christ in the both truly christ is signifyed whych is not only the meate of angels but also fedeth the soules of the faytfull And neyther of these happen in corporall tast or feadyng but in the vertue of the spirituall worde The euāgeliste teachet that Iesus christe before he suffred toke breade gaue thākes distributed it to his apostles sayeng thys is my body whych shal be geuē for you do this in my remembraunce Lykewyse he toke the cup after he had supt sayeng thys is the newe testamēt in my bloude which shal be shed for you We se that christ dyd worke the mistery of his body blode before he suffered We dought not but euery faythfyll man beleueth that the breade was made the bodye of christe whych he gaue to hys disciples sayeng thys is my body that is geuē for you And also that the cuppe dyd cōteyne the bloude of christ whereof he sayeth thys cuppe is the newe testament in my bloude that shal be shedde for you Therfore as he coulde turne the substance of breade and the creature of wyne into hys proper body before he dyed So coulde he in the deserte turne the manna and the water of the rocke into hys flesshe bloude not wythstandinge that his fleshe was hanged on the crosse for vs. And hys bloude shed for vs longe after heare also we ought to consyder what is ment by thes wordes excepts you shall eate the flesshe of the sonne of mā drynke hys bloude you shall not haue lyfe in you He sayde not that hys flesshe whych hanged on the crosse shulde be eatē in pecys eaten of the Apostles nor that hys blode whych he shedde for the redēptiō of the world sholde be gyuē hys disciples to drinke for it ware a wycked thing yf hys fleshe shuld be eatē or his bloud dronkē as the infydelles toke it Therfore he sayd to his disciples takyng the wordes of christ not vnfaythfully yt scarcely perceyuing how the same was to be vnderstand thes doughtes offēde Therfore yf you shall se the sonne of mā ascendynge thether where as he was before As though he shulde saye you maye not thynke my fleshe to be eatē of you corporally or my bloude to be drouken of you corporally neyther that my flshe shal be deuyded into pecys for asmuch as after my resurrectiō ye shal se me affende into heauē wyth the fulnes of my holy body blode thē ye shal wel perceyue that my fleshe is not to be eatē of thos that beleue as the infydels thynke but that the bread the wyne chaunged by a mysterye into the substance of my body bloude is to be receyued of the faythfull he sayeth also cōsequētly The sperite is he that quickeneth the flesh profyteth nothing after eny such sorte as the vnfaythfull vnderstande other wyse it gyueth lyfe as the faythfull take it by a mysterye And therfore he sayeth the sperite is he that quickeneth So in this mysterye of the body bloude of Christe here is a spirituall operacion geuyng lyfe wyth u●e the whych operacion the mysteryes be vnprofyatable for well maye they fede the bodye but the soule they cannot Here springeth a questiō ●●e whych proposed some saye that thos thynges be done in verite not in mysterye wherin they shewe them selues playn●lye to repungue agaynst the wrytynges of the holye fathers Saynte Austen the doctour of the churche in the thyrde of hys boke de doctrina christ●ana wryteth thus Excepte you eate sayeth our sauyour the fleshe of the sonne of man drynke hys bloude you shal haue no lyfe in you He semyth to commaund a wycked thyng therfore it is a fygure cōmandyng vs to be cōmunicators of hys passion surelye also profytable to peruerte in our memories that his fleshe was ●ōdyd crucifyed for our sakes Thus saynt Austen affyrm●th the mysterye of the body and bloud of christ to be celebrate of the faythfull vnder a fygure for he sayeth it is no poynte of religion but rather of iniquite to take hys flesshe a●d hys bloud carnally as they did whych vnderstode not christ●s wordes spyry●uallye but carnallye wente back therfore and departed from hym Among many thynges in hys Epystell to bonyeface he wryteth thus Truelye we vse to saye of tymes when Ester draw●th nere that tomorowe or nexte daye shal be the passyon of the Lorde not wythstandyng he suffered hys passiō many yeres befor Neyther dyd he suffre but ons Also on Easter day we customably saye this daye the Lorde hath rysen And it manye yeares hath passyed in dede syns he rose for sayēg this we shuld be reported as shameful lyers sauing that we do name thys after the sim●litude of the dayes them selues wherin the thinges were done So we may say thys is the daye though it be not the day it selfe in dede But by the reuelacyon of tyme lyke vnto it And so we say the thynge is done this day for the celebraciō of the sacramēt whych is not done thys day in dede but was done a great whyle before was not christ once offred in him selfe And yet in the sacramēt he is offred to the faythful people not only euery Easter but euery day nether is he founde a lyer that answereth to a man askyng the questiō that he is offered For yf the sacramēt had not a certayne sym●litude of those thinges wherof they be sacramētes they were no sacramētes at all for the lykenes many tymes the sacramētes take the names of the thynges thē selues Therfore lyke as after a sorte the sacramēt of the body of christ is the body of christ the sacramēt of the bloud of christ is the bloud of christ So the sacramet of fayth is fayth Thus we perceyue that saint Austē affyrmeth the sacramēt to be one thyng the thynge it selfe