apply Cataplasms lest the Humours be repelled and do fall into the Throat Many find ease by Masticatories by which they draw much Rheum from the Teeth Take of Mastich and Pellitory of Spain of each a drachm the Seed of Henbane Satuesacre and Pepper of each half a drachm Pouder them and sew them up in Linnen bags like little Balls and chew them If the Teeth be hollow the Oyls of Cloves Camphire Tobacco Box and of Hazel Nuts are good if a little Lint dipt in any of them be put into the hollow Tooth If the pain cease not add Laudanum and Opium for sometimes Narcoticks by stupefaction do give ease when other means have failed Sometimes all Medicines can do no good till the Nerve in the hollow Tooth be burned with an actual Cautery This may be done with Aqua Fortis or safer with Oyl of Vitriol but be well advised before you operate with things of this Nature If Worms be in the Hollow Tooth Take of Aloes two scruples Camphire one scruple Aqua Vitae one scruple the Oyl of Vitriol and Tobacco of each three drops mix them and with Lint dipped in it apply it If all the Medicines prescribed take not away the pain of the Hollow Teeth you must draw it out but beware of drawing Teeth when the Defluxion is great the Head aketh or the Gums swell Draw not a Tooth violently lest you injure the Jaw bone or cause a Flux of bloud which may prove dangerous but if such a thing should happen and the bloud not easie to be stanched you must apply Burnt Vitriol to the Gum and dip Lint in Vinegar and lay thereon or if you see cause you must burn the Nerve with an actual Cautery Many people have their Teeth disfigured by black or yellow Humours cleaving to them which in time make them rotten this is caused sometimes by a Defluxion of Humours into the Teeth by Distempers of the Stomach and evil nourishment thence arising Sometimes the Scurvey is the cause For the cure it is requifite that the antecedent cause be removed by purging and other Remedies and that things that corrupt the Teeth be abstained from especially things that are sweet Many are the Medicines prescribed to make the seeth white as Corral White and Red poudered Tobacco Ashes and the Ashes of Vine Branche burnt Burnt Allum and many more that which I have found to be the most excellent is the Oyl of Vitaiol mixed with Spring Water and the Teeth washed therewith some say the Oyl of Sulphur hath the same virtue CHAP. XXII Of the Diseases of the Gums SOmetimes sharp and corroding humours flowing from the Brain or occasioned by some Disease of the Stomach Liver or Spleen may cause an Erosion or exulceration of the Gums this Disease is easily known you must purge the humour offending and if the cause be in the Liver Spleen c. you must endeavour to remove it the Flux must be diverted from the part affected by convenient Revulsions Then you must apply Topical Medicines that are astringent and drying Take of Acorn cups Galls and Allum of each one drachm Sanguis Draconis Burnt Hartshorn Red-Roses of each two scruples Sugar-candy Tobacco-ashes and Mirrh of each one scruple pouder them all the white of one Egg beaten to water with as much honey as sufficeth to make it into the form of a soft Ointment spread it upon a Rag and apply it The Oyl of Vitriol or Sulphur mentioned in the former Chapter may be here applyed as there described or a few drops mixed with the aforegoing medicine Sometimes a fleshy excressence is generated upon the Gum and in time groweth so big that it hindereth the speech Fernelius saith that it hath its original from an Ulcer not well healed see Fern. lib. 7. pag. 340. Sometimes it groweth to a Cancer It must be taken off by a careful and well-skilled Chirurgion and afterwards burnt with a Cautery or the Oyl of Vitriol Some cure it thus after purging and sufficient revulsions to divert the defluxion of humours they tye a double thread about it close to the Gum so streight that in time it falleth off then use your Cautery as before to prevent its growth again CHAP. XXIII Of the Ulcers of the mouth IN the upper part of the mouth there are certain Ulcers bred called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 we call it Trush vulgarly Thrush it is most common to children presently after they are born caused by the sharpness of the milk or by reason of the milk corrupting in the Stomach for want of good digesture sometimes they happen to men of ripe years they are more or less dangerous as they exceed in quantity or quality their bigness may be discovered by the Eye also how deep and putrid they be their colour declareth the quality of the humour which is the cause of them It Flegme be the cause the Trush is white and easily cured If yellow Choller is the cause and 't is harder to cure If red Blood predominateth If black Melancholy is the cause and 't is the worst and hardest to cure It cometh sometimes by reason of a foul Disease in the body or when the Patient hath got the French Pox. For the Cure if it be in Children you must wash the mouth often with Plantane water and Sirrup of Mulberries or dryed Roses if you find that too weak add some Allum to it Let the Nurse eat such things as are cooling and drying as Pears Medlers and Services Marmalade of Quinces is very good in this case let her likewise make use of Lettice Purslane and other cooling hearbs and if need require let her bleed and purge If your Patient be a man and the Disease be stronger and more violent after the use of mild medicines you must proceed higher If he hath the French Pox he must be freed from that or else you labour in vain Generally you must consider what humour offendeth and purge that you must bleed and use such revulsions as necessity calls for Then you must make a decoction of Plantane Bramble Violet and Strawberry leaves Pomegranate flowers c. add Allum and the Sirrups before mentioned and wash the mouth with it if you finde that it healeth not dip a little Lint in Oyl of Vitriol and often touch it If there be an inflammation add to the before mentioned decoction the juyce of Purslane Housseek and Nightshade or the Mucilage of Quince-seeds or the emulsion of the cold seeds If you find an extraordinary defluxion and your Patient want sleep administer Laudanum the Dose regulated according to the age and strength of your Patient CHAP. XXIIII Of a loose Columella and the inflammation thereof and diseases of the Tonsils The Columella or the Uvula is relaxed or loosened by a waterish humor falling upon it which doth so moisten and soften it that it is extended to the upper part of the Wezand and causeth a Nauseousness and the Patient often striveth to
Ounce Liquorish two Drachms Camomill and Saxifrage of each one Pugill Winter Cherryes twenty Red Cicers four Ounces Raisons of the Sun two Ounces the four great cold Seeds a Drachm and an half French Barly four Ounces boil them gently in the distilled Water of Saxifrage Cammock and Parsly of each half a Pint when it hath boiled a while add half a Pint of white Wine and let it boil till half be consumed to the straining add six Ounces of the Sirrup of Marsh-Mallows drink three or four Ounces in the Morning To the Region of the Bladder must be applyed mollifying and asswaging Fomentations If all Medicines fail and the Patient's pains unsupportable Necessity requireth the dangerous Operation of Cutting Let the Physitian prepare the Patient's body by Purging Bleeding and Diet according to the Constitution and Condition of the Patient's Body and let the Patient prepare his Soul for God CHAP. LXIV Of the Inflammation of the Reins and Bladder THis Disease is a Tumor in those parts caused by the flowing of Blood or Choller unto them The Causes of this Inflammation are natural unnatural or preternatural Natural when there is a natural haereditary Infirmity in the parts or great Heat originally which violently draw the Humours thither Causes not natural are Gluttony Drunkennesse much Venery great Passions of the mind violent Excercise Stoppage of some usual Evacuation as the Terms or Haemorrhoids all things which cause Repletion or evill Concoction and drive the Humours to the inward Bowels Things preternatural may be the Cause as a Stroak Wound or Bruise upon the Reins or Bladder constant Feavers the Matter of the Pleurisy or Empyema carried away by the Urine Heat or Stoppage of the Urine the Stone or Exulceration of the part may cause an Inflammation The Inflammation of the Reins is known by those Signes a weighty and beating Pain about the part which extendeth it self to the adjacent parts the Patient cannot help himself nor ly otherwise then upon his back If he doth sneez or move his Body the pain encreaseth he hath a Numbnesse in the Leg on the same side he maketh Water with difficulty he hath a constant sharp Feaver with Watchings Dotings and dangerous Symptomes He vomiteth Choller Phlegm and other Humours the Urine is first thin and yellow afterwards thick and red If the Bladder be inflamed the Patient is vexed with a sharp Feaver Watching Vomiting c. as aforesaid The Share becometh hard and hath vehement pain he hath almost continuall Provocation to go to Stool as in the Disease Tenasmus Prog The Inflammation of these parts do threaten continual danger of Death Convulsions Dotage Watchings cold Sweats are the Messengers of Death If the Inflammation suppurate and the Imposthume break and the Matter be evacuated by the Urine there is hopes If the Haemorrhoids bleed there is hopes that the Inflammation will cease You must begin the Cure with a mollifying and cooling Clister to the Decoction for the Clister prescribed in the Chapter of the Stone in the Reins add of Cassia and Diaprunes Lenitive of each half an Ounce Sirrup of Violets one Ounce the Oyl of Violets two ounces make a Clister Then open the Liver-Vein on the same side the Inflammation is If the Bladder be inflamed open the Liver-Vein on the right Arm draw as much Blood as your Patient's Strength will bear And if you open the inferior Veins it is a good derivation Then give the Clister again and as often as need requireth but remember to give it in a small quantity least it oppresse the Tumor Use Cupping and Scarifying Frictions and Ligatures to the extream parts to draw the Humours outwards You must allay the Heat of the Blood by cooling Juleps in which use no Diuretick Simple lest it carry Humours to the part and increase the Inflammation in the declination of the Disease Diuretick Medicines may be given You may make a cooling Julep thus Take of the distilled Water of Endive Lettice Plantane and Purslane of each four Ounces Sirrup of Pomegranats two Ounces the Sirrup of Water-Lillyes and Violets of each one Ounce Oyl of Vitriol as much as sufficeth to give it a gratefull Relish mix them for four Mornings and Evenings Draughts Or you may make an Emulsion of the Seeds of Sorrel Letrice Purslane Poppy Almonds Pine-Nuts and the like The great cold Seeds are diuretick and must not be used in the beginning of the Disease for the reason before given Nor ought you at first to purge till the Declination then you may profitably purge with Medicines which are gentle as Manna Cassia Rubarb Tamarinds Diaprunes lenitive Sirrup of Roses c. Outwardly you may apply Cataplasms Liniments Unguents that are cooling repelling and if the Inflammation be in the Bladder astringing when the Defluxion is stopped use Softners and Dissolvers If the Strangury or any other dangerous Symptome appear converse with their proper Chapters If the Tumor tend to Suppuration which you may know by the encrease of the Feaver and Symptomes trembling and vomiting you must help Nature with mollifying Cataplasms the Chapters of Inflammations of other parts will advise you If the Tumor appear outwardly you must open it with a Cautery or Incision-knife If it break and the Matter fall into the Abdomen it brings sudden Death or a Hectick Feaver If the Tumor grow hard and the Feaver gone it breeds the Dropsy evill Habit or some such Disease and is incurable for the most part you must deal with it as with the Schirrhus of the Liver CHAP. LXV Of the Ulcer of the Reins and Bladder THis Disease is caused either from an Imposthume broken there from Sharpnesse of the Humours or from a Stone which doth corrode them This Disease is known by the voiding of much Matter with the Urine To know whether the Reins or the Bladder be diseased take a few Rules If the Ulcer be in the Reins the pain is there the Matter is more concocted more in quantity and more mixed with the Urine making it appear like Milk which standing settleth to the bottom sometimes much Blood is voided and pieces of Flesh which sometimes stops the Passage When the Ulcer is in the Bladder contrary Signes appear the pain is neer the Privityes the Matter is lesse in Quantity and not well concoct but of divers Colours and stinketh sometimes Matter is voided without Urine If the Ulcer be old callous and hard snotty Phlegm is voided such as is voided if there be a Stone in the Bladder for the most part little Skins like Scales or Bran are voided As all inward Vlcers are dangerous so are these much more because the continuall Flux of Humours with the Vrine to the part doth nourish the Vlcer The Violence of the pain causeth Watchings and a Consumption of the whole Body If the Vicer be taken in time and the Patient yong it may be cured else not The Cure must be performed by evacuating the peccant Humours by cleansing drying and healing the
month with Manna Syrups of Roses and Rubarb and every change of the Moon take a dose of the powder before mentioned and oftener if need require To conclude if the Disease be caused by some evill effects in the mouth of the Stomach you must labour to free the Stomach from the humours that offend For the Cure of the Vertigo I shall say nothing but refer you to those Medicines propounded for the Cure of the Falling-sicknesse and to the 2. Chapter viz. Of the cure of Cephalaea proceeding from cold crude and phlegmatick humours it being my present task only to epitomize not to write largely of the cure of Diseases CHAP. VII Of the Palsie PAralysis or the Palsie is a disease wherein the whole Body or part thereof as Atm Hand Leg or Tongue doth lose sense or motion or both Sometimes it followeth the Apoplexy Here note that the Faculty of sense and motion floweth from the Brain as from its proper fountain and is conveyed to all parts of the Body by the Sinews the proper Organs of sense and motion Hence it commeth to passe that if that faculty of the Brain be obstructed that it cannot descend to all parts that all or some of the 〈◊〉 of the Body lose either motion or sense or bâ—… according to the part obstructed The Causes The Palsie is caused by abundance of grosse and clammy humours which stop the sinews and hinder the animal faculty that it cannot come from the Brain or fountain to the members It may be caused by vehement cold or by some inflammation or swelling near the Back-bone or the sinews may be crushed by some binding or hurt by some wound or Ulcer or the like The Signs and Cure There need no more Signs to know this disease by than what hath been declared in the explanation of it This disease for the most part happeneth to old folk and surprizeth them in the Winter time therefore Phlebotomy for the most part is unnecessary and dangerous If plenitude of humours or blood appear open a vein on the sound side draw blood sparingly lest you cool the Body too much Let what part soever of the Body be affected yet you must not forget the Brain but you must purge corroborate and strengthen it If you find the originall of the distemper in the Brain you must apply Medicines which have power to extenuate dissolve and discusse such as are described in the second Chapter for the cure of cold and phlegmatick distempers of the Head To the purging Medicines you may add these Pillulae Fatidae de opopanace Arabicae and Trochisci Alhandall taken in a convenient quantity as you shall be instructed in the next Book and sutable to the season of the year and aâ—…â—f your Patient Let him abstain from drinking â—f strong beer and Wine and let most of his drink be the decoction of Guiacum and the bark of the same and if you add Cephalick hearbs to these it will be the better This Decoction is commendable viz. Take of Guiacum ground two ounces of the bark of the same half an ounce the root of China and Salsaparilla of each two drachms Sasafras three drachms Lignum Aloes and Galanga of each two scruples the root of Angelica Peony and Fennel of each two drachms the seeds of Peony and sweet Fennel of each one drachm Betony ground Pine Sage of each one handfull the flowers of Lavender Rosemary Stechas and Cowslips of each one pugil Cinamons and Polipodium of the Oake of each half an ounce Infuse them in six quarts of water twenty four hours then boil it gently to the consumption of two quarts strein it and add to the decoction of brown Sugar candy and syrup of Stechas of each four ounces Let the diseased take half a pint in a morning three or four mornings as a preparative to purging you must purge once in a week with one of the aforenamed Medicines having respect to the age and strength of your Patient season of the year Or you may prepare the aforesaid water by distillation thus Take of the simples aforenamed and infuse them 24 hours in four quarts of water and two of White-wine then distill them in Balneo Mariae as you shall be taught in the fourth part of this Treatise to a pound of this distilled water add one ounce of the syrup of Staethas and a drachm of Theriaca diatessaron divide it into three parts for three mornings It is convenient to set Cupping glasses to the part affected without scarifying of it but easily drawing the humours and spirits to the place afterwards you must rub and chafe the parts it is convenient to bathe the paralytick part and cause it to sweat with the decoction of Bur root and Elder leaves hot-houses often profit much but much better it is if they can come to natural baths which proceed either from Nitrous hituminous or sulphureous Mines as the Bath of Bath You may safely Bathe two or three times in a week and afterwards annoint the Member with some convenient Liniment viz. Take of the Oyls of Foxes Castor Earth-worms and Rue of each one ounce Unguentum Nervinum and Martiatum of each half an ounce the distilled oyl of Rosemary one drachm Oyl of Spike six drops mix all these and make a soft ointment with which annoint the Back-bone and the other parts that are diseased afterwards wrap them up warm with the skin of a Fox or Hare If the Palsey be caused by an inflammation or hard swelling in any part the cure of the inflammation or swelling cures the Palsie also If bruising of the sinews by pinching or binding be the cause remove the bruised blood and the cure will ensue If the Spondills of the Back be out or broke and that cause the Palsie or Resolution the cure of the cause taketh away the effect If the Palsey ensue a wound or Ulcer in the Head Back or any particular Sinew if the Sinew be curable the Palsie ceaseth CHAP. VIII Of the Covulsion SPasmus Cramp or Convulsion is a disease when the Sinews are drawn or plucked up against a mans will Of this there are two sorts viz. a true Convulsion when there is a constant retraction of the Muscles and the Limb remains unmoveable or a convulsive motion when the retraction is every time new and the Members moved divers ways They differ likewise in their Causes for a true Convulsion proceedeth either from repletion or inanition a convulsive-motion from irritation or provocation Again they are thus divided a true Convulsion is either total by which most part of the Body is contracted or partiall by which one particular member suffereth contraction The Universal Convulsion is caused from the Brain when the Face is plucked together as well as the whole Body or from the marrow of the Back when the Muscles that move the Head and Back are drawn together A particular Convulsion is made from the contraction of the Muscle of some part comming from the
corrupt and their proper signes appeare in the body If the weaknesse of the retentive faculty let it go the body is weak the face is pale or some disease hath preceded which hath weakened the Liver If it cometh from an Artery it cometh with great force hot pure and fresh if from a vein that contrary appeareth If it come from the Liver Spleen c pains extensions or inflammations in those parts will declare it If blood issue out of the Nose upon a judiciall or criticall day it is a good signe and is not to be stopped if it flow not immoderately But if it happen in the beginning of a disease it is symptomaticall and dangerous If the Liver be affected and the blood issue out at the right Nostrill it is good and if the Spleen be affected if the left Nostrill bleed it is good the contrary to any of these happening is bad If the Haemorrhagy continue long it cooleth the Liver and causeth a Dropsy Likewise bleeding is very hurtfull to Melancholly and Flegmatick people as also to such as have a quartane Feaver For the Cure you must consider whether the Haemorrhagy be Criticall or Symptomaticall If it be Symptomoticall you must endeavour suddenly to stop it Iâ— it be Criticall immoderate and the constitution not able to endure it without prejudice you must do the like you must begin with revulsions of which blood letting is the cheise you must open a veine on the Arme on the same side the Nostrill is that bleedeth you may draw as much blood as the strength of the Patiens will beare Apply Cupping-glasses behind to the Shoulders and Armes to the Hypocondria but make use of this after sufficient blood letting for feare of an inflammation of the Liver Forrestus commendeth the application of Cupping-glasses to the feet others commend an actuall Cautery Throw cold water into the face on a sudden which doth repell the blood It is good to put a Cloath dipt in Vinegar to the neck behind another to the Cods and to snuffe up Vinegar and water into the Nose and hold the mouth full of it as long as any thing is snuffed up take up the fume of Vinegar thrown upon an hot Iron Foment the Forehead and Temples with water and Vinegar cold Vinegar put into the Eare on the same side on which the bleeding Nostrill is is good Then apply a Cataplasm made with the juice of Plantane Nightshade Vinegar of all a like quantity and Bolearmenick sufficient to make a Cataplasme which must be laid to the forehead from Temple to Temple Or thus Take of Sanguis Draconis Terra Sigillata and Bolearmenick of each a drachm Rose Vinegar and the juyce of Nightshade of each one ounce the Whites of two Eggs with the distilled water of Red-Roses and Plantane make a Cataplasm and apply it as before If you perceive that the veins of your forehead are swelled bind a six-pence or a dry bean slit upon the root of the Nose between the Eye-brows Also the powder of Hoggs-dung blown into the Nose or mixed with the juyce of Nettles and a Tent dipped in it and put up into the Nose hath an excellent property to stop bleeding Others commend the Powder of a dried Toad put in fine red Sarsnet and put under the Arme-pits or held in the hand It is convenient likewise to make use of those things which have a faculty to close and glutinate the Veins Take of Bolearmenick Sanguis Draconis Aloes and Cobwebs of each two scruples white Vitriol burnt Egshels and Paper of each one scruple powder them finely and blow it up into the Nostrills to prevent its coming into the mouth hold the mouth full of cold water and Vinegar or else you may mix it with the whites of Eggs beaten to water and the juyce of Plantane and dip a Tent in it and apply it If hitherto you are succeslesse you must make use of Escharotick medicines of which burnt Vitriol claimes the preheminency powdered and used as before but if you feare to use it alone adde the same quantity of Dragons blood Bolearmenick and Frankincense A dram of the powder of Spicknard drunk in the morning in broth is very good If the disease doth often invade the Patient let him make use of inward medicines which have power to Coagulate thicken coole bind and restraine its motion Take of dried Knotgrasse Fumitory and Bistort root of each half an ounce the Troches of Spodium and Amber Terra Sigillata and Sal-prunella of each half a dracbm Corall burnt Harts-horne and Bloudstone of each one scruple powder them Conserve of Roses and Quinces of each two ounces with the syrrup of the juyce of Plantane make an Opiate of which let the Patient take the quantity of a Nutmeg five or six times in a day To conclude if it be inveterate let the peccant humor be diligently evacuated and if it hath its originall from the disaffection of any other part as the Liver Spleen Womb Kidneys c let that be considered and their Cures sought in their proper Chapters CHAP. XX. Of the diseases of the Tongue THe Tongue being the cheife instrument of speech and tast a very necessary though unruly member it is not amisse if we consider and breifly treat of the distempers incident to it by which the actions are hindered This member is subject to inflammation and Tumors which have their originall either from pure Cholerick Flegmatick or Melancholly blood If pure blood cause the inflammation there is paine felt with heat and rednesse of the Tongue and face and this is a true Flegmon If the Tumor hath its originall from Choller then is it called Erisipelas if from Flegme Oedema if from Melancholly Schirrhus all which may be discovered by the humor predominate and shall be more plainly discovered in the next Book where I shall treat of Tumors and their kinds These Tumors are somtimes only troublesome but do not oftentimes endanger life except they grow so big that the body is endangered by suffocation or a malignant melancholly humor do breed a Cancer which may be discovered by its hardnesse blewnesse and pricking paine you must begin the Cure with blood-letting and if you can come at it open the Veine under the Tongue afterwards if you see occasion open a Vein in the Arme and draw away as much blood as the Patients strength will permitt You must purge the humer with convenient purgatives or administer a sharp Clister Some do draw back the humors by Cupping-glasses fastened to the shoulders or a little one under the Chin. Cooling and repelling Gargarisms must be used and you may prepare them thus Take of the distilled water or decoction of Plantane Nightshade and Sorrell of each four ounces the syrrups of Mulberys Pomegranats and Lemons of each one ounce let the Patient often wash his Tongue Zacutus Lusitanus commendeth the application of Horsleeches to the Tongue If you find it inclinable to suppuration you must help nature
and commeth up with pain That which comes from the Gullet and Stomack is known by Vomitting from the Jaws and Wezand by Hawking from the Mouth by simple spetting Sometimes the Blood is sent from some other part to the Lungs and spet forth but this may be known by pain or some hurt happened there You must judge of the signes from the quantity or quality of the Blood the Nineteenth Chapter will instruct you To the Prognostick Hippocrates saith that what kind of Blood soever is spit from any of the inferiour parts is evil for every opening of a Vessel which letteth out Blood is dangerous especially in the Lungs But sometimes it happeneth without hurt when nature critically doth evacuate superfluous Blood that way as it is seen sometimes in women who have their courses stopt You must begin the cure with Blood-letting open a Vein on the same side you judge the distemper to be If there be obstruction of the Termes open the Saphaena If your Patient is subject to the Hemorrhoids Bleed with Leeches Cupping or other Revulsions you may use if occasion be Then purge Choller which causeth the Blood to be thin and fluid with Rubarb Mirabolans and the like Then give Medicines a stringent to close the Orifice of the Vessels but at the first give such things with them which have an expectorating quality lest Blood in the breast or other parts out of the proper Vessels should be coagulated Take of Conserve of Roses and the juice of Purslane of each two ounces Sugar of Roses one ounce Red Coral Blood-stone Bolearmenick and Terra Sigillata of each half a dram Troches of Amber a scruple the Oyle of Vitriol six drops with the Whites of eggs beaten to Water make a Lohock of which let the Patient lick often especially Night and Morning Quercetan prescribeth a Water excellent against spitting of Blood see the fourth part of this Treatise among Distilled Waters The Chymical Oyle of Amber two or three drops hath an excellent astringing quality take it in the Distilled Water of Knorgrass or Plantane or the like so you may take or give half a drachm of Sanguis Draconis or the Blood stone alone finely powdered out two scruples Opium Laudanum Philonium Romanum and Persicum These and such like may be given provided the dose be regulated by an able brain the juice of Nettles drunk four or five ounces in the Morning hath prevailed when all other have failed saith Amatus Lucitanus If by the use of Astringent medicines your Patient be costive give a Clister or purge that leaves an Astringency behind it and if the use of Astringents hinder spitting mix those things which doe not only stop Blood but mollifie the breast also such are the juyces of Plantane Purslane the Sirrups of dryed Roses Quinces Myrtles and of jujubes Gum Arabick Traganth and Starch and such like If Blood be congealed in the breast indeavour to dissolve it by administring six ounces of Oxycrate three times a day if it cause Coughing sweeten it with Sugar or Sugar Candy Apply this cooling Epithem to allay the heat of the Liver if you see occasion Take of the Water of Rose Plantane and Succory of each four ounces Vinegar of Roses two ounces of the powder called Diatrion Santalen a drachm and an half Camphire one scruple make an Epitheme apply it warme to the Liver afterwards anoint with unguentum Rosarum and Rose Vinegar Anoint the reins with Oyle of Roses and Water Lillys and the Testicles with Oxycrate If a Defluxion of sharp humors from the head unto the Lungs be the cause of the Disease seek the cure in the ninth Chapter When the Blood is stanched let your Patient avoid all things that may cause a returne thereof as Salt and spiced meats rich Wines great heat anger and violent exercise If you judge him inclinable to the Distemper by reason of thin Cholerick humors mixed with the Blood purge those humors at the Spring and Fall CHAP. XXXI Of the Consumption or Ptisick This Disease is called in Latine Tabes and in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which although it signifieth every Consumption yet is most properly taken for the extenuation of the whole Body caused by an Ulcer in the Lungs An Ulcer in the Lungs by reason of its nearnesse to the heart afflicts it with putrid vapours the heart disperseth it into all parts hence commeth a Feaver hectick joyned with a putrid and by its unnatural heat does hinder the well concocting of nourishment hence the whole Body decayeth Sometimes sharp corroding and Salt humors falling from the head or the Suppurated humors from the Pleurisie or Empyema which humors putrifying upon the Lungs may Ulcerate them Many times the cause is in the Lungs themselves which have a vitious hereditary constitution naturally tender and disposed to corruption Sometimes a Pustule is bred in the Lungs and never breaketh but groweth till it stop the passage of the breath and killeth the Patient Sometimes it commeth to Suppuration and is called the Imposthume of the Lungs which being broken and flowing to the Bronchia or passages in the Lungs it may be spit up if the body be strong and the matter little in quantity but many times an Ulcer remaineth which causeth a Consumption If the Impostumated matter flow into the Ventricle of the heart the sick dye sudainly and many times insensible of any pain or sicknesse take examples from Fernelius lib. 5. de partium morbis et Sympt Chapter 10 Pag. 288. To the causes of this Disease here mentioned you may adde all the causes mentioned in the ninth Chapter of Defluxions Hippocrates mentioneth many more kinds of Consumptions too tedious for me to insert in this Volume as those proceeding from nocturnal pollutions the running of the Reins also the obstruction of the Nerves or the flowing of Choler to the Back so of nourishment or drying causeth a Consumption likewise a Distillation from the head to the Marrow on the back may be the cause as Hippocrates faith when a Defluxion falleth upon the Spinal Marrow there is a secret and undisernable Consumption Sometimes it hath its original from hunger and want of nourishment Sometimes when the Meseraick Veins are obstructed that the Chylus Concocted in the stomach cannot passe to the Liver In the Diagnostick we must observe the signes of a Consumption beginning begun or confirmed Signes of a Consumption beginning are a small Defluxion the Lungs not much hurt thereby the Cough but small the spittle Sweet Salt or Bitter the body a little Feverish The signes of a Consumption begun the Distillation is stronger the Lungs pierced by which the Lungs are exasperated and the Cough violent The matter contained in the Lungs maketh the stomach weighty a sharp pain before and behind from the humors suppurating sharp and hearing humors fall into the body and sometimes into the Veins causing a hective Feaver sometimes joyned with a Putrid The Lungs by contracted Filth grow hot
Ounce the conserve of Hips one Ounce and an half with Syrrup of Lemmons make an Opiate and take a little often Likewise you may make a decoction of China and Hepatick hearbs sweetning it with the aforenamed Syrrups and taking half a pint in the morning Likewise of the aforenamed cooling hearbs you may make an Apozen to cool the Liver or you may make a Bath to cool and moysten the body CHAP. LIV. Of the Inflammation of the Liver THe Inflammation of the Liver is a hot Tumor occasioned by bloud out of its proper vessells sent into the substance of the Liver This Tumor ariseth either from pure bloud or else the bloud is mixed with Choller Flegme or Melancholly so producing either a true Erysipelous Oedematous or Schirrous Phlegmon This Tumor is sometimes in the gibbous or hollow part of the Liver The causes of this disease are too much bloud or the heat thinnesse or sharpnesse thereof and by its motion in the Veins it is sometimes thrown into the Liver For the Liver being hot and in pain doth attract the humours to it self or by its weaknesse is forced to receive the burden that stronger parts lay upon it according to the Proverb The weakest goes to the walls Sometimes an obstruction of the Liver by retaining the thick humours which by a preternaturall heat is inflamed The externall causes are the same which cause heat of the Liver To which add a stroak or fall bruising the Liver or Medicines applyed to a cold stomach or a Cupping-Glasse fastned to the Region of the Liver The signs of the disease are heavinesse in the right Hypocondrion a weighty pain sometimes extending it self to the throat and sometimes to the lower ribs a Feaver more or lesse violent according to the nature of the humour offending viz. Choller or Flegm and difficulty of breathing because the motion of the Diaphragma is hindered a dry chough an unequal pulse and like a Saw the Tongue at the beginning red afterwards black great thirst loathing of meat vomiting Choller and sometimes Flegm a pale and yellowish colour of the whole body red and flaming Urine the sick hath more ease lying upon his back then upon either side for the most part he is costive because the heat of the Liver dryeth up the moysture of the Chylus but if the Liver be weak also the sick is loose and the excrements are like water wherein flesh hath bin washed If the Gibbous part of the Liver be affected you may feel the Tumor in the right Hypochondrion the breath is fetched with difficulty and the pain reacheth to the right side of the Throar If the cavity of the Liver be affected the Tumor is not felt but because that part lyeth upon the stomach there is greater loathing of meat vomitting thirst and sometimes loosnesse of the belly by reason of the corruption which the distemper of the Liver causeth in the Stomach The signs of the causes are thus known if the inflāmation be of bloud onely the face is either red or duskish the Pulse is great and soft the Urine is red and thick the body is full of flesh and there is sweetnesse in the mouth and for the most part the Patient is young and hath fed high If Choller cause the inflāmation the face is yellow the pulse swift hard and unequall the Urine thin and yellow the body thin the eyes hollow a bitter tast in the mouth and Cholerick vomitings The Symptomes of the inflamation of the Abdomen differ little from them of the inflāmation of the Liver therefore let us a little consider the difference If the Muscles of the Abdomen be inflāmed the skin is extended and if you lay hold of it you cannot move it but if the Liver be inflamed if you lay hold on the Muscles they yield and the Tumor appeareth deeper If these Muscles be inflamed the colour appeareth fresh and in its naturall colour but if the Liver be inflamed the colour is yellow as in the Jaundise you must likewise distinguish between the inflāmation of the Liver and a Pleurisy Sometimes moist and bloudy stools distinguish it in the Pleurisy the pain will be vehement and great towards the right Hypocondria no change of colour the cough great and dry with bloudy spittle for the most part the pulse hard and like a Saw the inflāmation of the Liver is manifosted by the signs laid down before If the Mesentery be inflamed the Tumor appeareth beneath the region of the Liver the stools will be thin and moist with unconcocted matter if the party recover the matter quickly is concocted the colour of the face is not much altered Prog. every inflāmation of the Liver is dangerous for the most part deadly if the Patient be not cured or killed presently the disease ends in a Dropsy Atrophy or Consumption If Choller be the cause of the inflāmation it is worse then if bloud were the cause and the Feaver is stronger The Hicchough in this distemper is a very evill sign for it shews the greater Malignity of the inflāmation which doth disturb the Stomach A Flux joyned with it unlesse it be criticall and the humours evacuated concocted is deadly To cure it follow the rules prescribed in the 42. Chapt. Of the Inflāmation of the Stomach Let his drink be Barly water with a little Syrrup of Violets If the disease be stubborn to the former Medicines prescribed in the 42. Chapter add this following Apozeme Take of the roots of Smallage Fennell and Parsly of each two ounces the leaves of Agrimony Violets Succory and Maidenhair of each one handfull Polypody of the Oak four Ounces Chammell flowers one Ounce the seeds of Fennell Gromwell and Parsly of each one Drachm boil it to a Pint and an half and in the strained Liquor infuse an Ounce of Sen na and three Drachms of Rubarb afterwards add of Sirrup of violets and Vinegar Simple of each two Ounces divide it into four Doses and let the Sick take every other Morning Then make an Epithem Liniment Unguent or Plaister thus Take of the Juyce of Endive Succory Sorrell and Plantane of each half an Ounce of the Oyls of Roses Wormwood Camomill and Myrtles of each one Ounce Vinegar half an Ounce boil it to the Consumption of the Juyces then add of the three Sanders in Powder of each one Scruple with Wax sufficient make an unguent and anoint the Region of the Liver If the Pain and Feaver decreaseth you must add to the former Oyntment such things as dissolve and mollify as well as cool as the Flowers of Camomill and Melilot Barly-meal the Roots of Marsh-mallows Calamus Aromaticus and Cypresse the Leaves of Mallows Violets and Agrimony the Seeds of Annise Fennell Faenugreek and Flax. Or with these Simples you may make a Fomentation If the Inflammation be not discussed as it seldom can it tends to Suppuration otherwise to a Gangrene The Imposthume for the most part is compleat in twenty dayes it is
too much Blood which doth so dilate the Vessels that they cannot contract to expell it too little when the Body hath not enough for its Nourishment It offendeth in Quality when the Blood is thick slimy and viscuous by some cold Distemper of the Liver or by the mixture of such Humours with the Blood It offends in Motion when it flows some other way as by the Haemorrhoids by Urine the Nose Vomiting and by Spitting and many other wayes Riverius saith that he saw a Maid which had a sore Head which opened once a month and bled plentifully and I know a Maid in the same Condition at this time Externall causes are taking cold in the time of the Flux eating things of a very hot Nature by which the Substance of the Liver is dryed or Food that is cold thick and astringent especially at the time of Purgation eating too much or too little by too long retaining of Excrements by bleeding at the Nose or any unnatural Evacuation by Vomit Seige Urine or Sweat To these add the externall Causes mentioned in the Chapter aforegoing Of the Green-Sicknesse This Disease is known by the Patient's Relation but it is convenient to distinguish between this kind of Suppression and that which is common to Women with Child They who have their Menstrues thus stopped are pale and more discoloured then those who are with Child They who are in this condition the longer it continues the more the Symptoms encrease the contrary you shall find in Women with Child They are likewise more sad and melancholy then those who are with Child In these the lower Belly though it swell yet it is not so hard nor proportionable to the Womb. And Lastly an expert Midwife may distinguish it by the mouth of the Womb for in these the mouth of the Womb is not so close shut as in a Woman with Child but rather hard and painfull More particularly the Stoppage of the Vessels of the Womb are known by a pain in the Loins especially when the Terms should flow and if any thing issueth it will be white or blackish and slimy If the parts adjacent be obstructed the Veins in the Thighs Arms by abundance of Blood are swollen especially if the Woman be fleshy plethorick and hath fed high Or else the Woman wanteth Blood Or the Blood is corrupted which you may perceive by the evill habit of the Body and some Disease of the Liver If the Blood hath a praeposterous Motion or flow some other way it is manifest The Stoppage of the Terms is very dangerous and many I had almost said all Diseases may come thereof It is lest dangerous if it come by reason of too much Blood It is worst which cometh by Streightnesse of the Vessels or crude and slimy Humours which obstruct them The Cure consisteth in this generally If too much Blood be the cause abate the Quantity by Phlebotomy first in the Arm then in the lower Veins Then by Fomentations soften and relax the parts about the Womb and give such Purges as do properly provoke the Terms If you find that Want of Blood is the cause of the Obstruction use Restoratives in the first place and whatever you find to be the cause of Extenuation let that be removed and if you find a praeposterous Motion of the Blood labour to repell it and drive it to the Passage of the Womb. But seeing that for the most part this Obstruction is in the Veins of the Womb you may follow the same Rule in cure prescribed in the Chap Of the Green sicknesse adding such things which more especially respect the Womb. Purge thus Take of Aloes three Drachms the Masse of Cochy Pills one Drachm with the Juyce of Savin or Sirrup of Mugwort make twenty Pills and give three in the Morning every third day Emollient Clisters are likewise of great use After Phlebotomy and sufficient purging give such things as powerfully open Obstructions such as are prescribed in the cure of Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen to these add Medicines made of the Roots of Asparagus Parsly Fennel Smallage Maddir Elicampane Birth-Wort Angelica Cyperus the leavs of Wormwood Calamint Camomill Origan Southern-wood Mugwort Pennyroyall Hyssop Hore-Hound Rue Motherwort Sage Fether-few Maiden-hair Nep and Savin the seeds of Smallage Parsly Fennel Juniper Bayes Annis Cummin Nettles and such like of these may be made Decoctions or distilled Waters Sitrups and the like which I omit fearing my Book will swell to a farr bigger volume then I intended Of these or such like you may make a Bath for the Patient to sit in afterwards anoint the Share parts about the Privities with the Oyl of Dill Rue Lillyes c. You may likewise make dry Suffumigations with Castor Storax Galbanum Cinnamon Frankincense Bdellium Benzoins Lignum Aloes Cloves and Mace Or you may make Pessaries with the masse of Cochy pills Hony and the Juyce of Mercury Or with Hiera Picra and Benedicta Laxativa with the Hony and Juyce aforesaid but this remember that Pessaryes must be applyed to married Women onely If the Disease be inveterate let Issues be made in the Legs and after the menstrual Flux is obtained let them be dryed up again CHAP. LXXIII Of the immoderate Menstruall Flux Mensium Fluxus Immodicus is when the monthly Terms do exceed in Quantity come too often or stay too long This is caused by an opening of the Veins either by Abundance Heat Sharpnesse or Thinnesse of the Blood or by some Blow Fall or Wound to understand the Cause more fully have recourse to the 19 and 30 Chapters Of bleeding at the Nose and spitting of Blood The Disease it self may be known by the Patient's information and the Symptoms which follow viz. decay of Strength and Appetite an ill habit of the Body by reason of ill Digestion Swelling of the Legs and a Leady coloured Complexion To know the Causes observe that a thin habit of the Body with a Diet which doth encrease thin and wheyish Blood or you may perceive the thin and wheyish Humours in the Blood which cometh from the Patient this sheweth that the Blood soaketh thorough the Veins If the Coats or Ends of the Veins be broken the Patient hath had soule Wound Bruise or Fall or used some immoderate Labour Excercise or Venery hath indured too great Heat or Cold or she hath had a hard bargain in Child-birth a Miscarriage or been handled by an unskilfull Midwife If there be an Exulceration in the Womb by which the Veins are eaten thorough the Blood droppeth by little and little with Pain and Sharpnesse the Patient's Body is afflicted with sharp and cholerick Humours the Blood which issueth is at first matterish wheyish blackish or yellow If it encrease the Ends of the Veins come with the Blood and the Flux encreaseth and is hard to be stopped Prognosticks are All long and lasting Issues of Blood are dangerous especially those of the Womb that which comes by soaking
thorough the Veins though it continueth longer yet the Blood and Spirits do not so much decay therefore it is not so dangerous On the contrary the breaking of the Veins cause more danger because of the sudden issuing of Blood yet is sooner cured because the Patient hath Strength and Store of Blood But of all the other that which comes from Exulceration is most dangerous because some part of the Veins is perished which letteth out the Blood in great abundance and is very difficult to be cured If she grow weaker and the Issue more violent there is danger of Death in elderly Women it is hard to be cured Since the Cure must be performed in the same manner almost as is praescribed in the 51 Chapter Of the immoderate Flux of the Haemorrhoids I shall say the lesse First open a vein in the Arm and let her bleed much by degrees Use Frictions and Ligatures and fasten Cupping-Glasses to her dugs as Hippocrates adviseth Purge with the same Medicines prescribed in the Chapter aforegoing Also Vomits are good for they draw the Blood upwards and Hippocrates treating of Womens Diseases doth much commend them Then make use of this Powder much commended by Johannes Michael Paschalius and it is thus prepared Take the Shells of two new layd Eggs burnt Frankin-cense Mastick of each half an Ounce Pearls and red Corall prepared and Amber of each two drachms Hamatites and Emerald of each half a Scruple Barly meal fine sifted two Pugills the Whites of four Eggs and chalybiated Water enough to make the Powder into two Cakes bake them in an Oven so hard that they may be beaten to Powder give of this Powder half a Drachm or a Drachm in the Morning in Broth made of Sheeps feet or Calves feet The Juyce of Plantane Yarrow Nettles Shepherds Purse Knot-grasse Comphry and Hors-tail is very good or a Sirrup made of all or either of them is much and upon good grounds commended Milk in which red hot Steel hath been quenched allayeth the Sharpnesse of the Humours and stayeth the Flux Spiknard in fine Powder inwardly taken or applyed to the Womb upon a little Lint hath been much approved of Minerall Waters which receive their Tincture from Vitriol Iron or Allum do remove the Cause and strengthen the Part. The Chymists do much commend the Tincture of Corall and vitriolated Steel Before you go farther take this necessary Caution that you do not altogether give strong astringents but sometimes Medicines which strengthen the Liver and somewhat bind Outwardly foment upon her Loins Share and about the Privityes with a fomentation made of the aforegoing Herbs Then anoint the parts aforesaid with the Oyl of Myrtles Mastick and Quinces or make an Ointment more astringent adding Frankincense Dragon's Blood Sealed Earth Bolearmenick and the like Unguentum Comitissae is very powerfull in this Distemper Afterwards apply a Plaister to the Navel and Loins Emplastrum ad Herniam Hystericum or Emplastrum de Mastich either of these or all three are very effectuall Likewise dry Fumes Pessaryes and Injections for the Womb may be prepared of the aforenamed Herbs and other astringent Simples When she is cured you must endeavour to prevent the Disease for the future by the Rules prescribed in the 51 Chapter Of the Immoderate Flux of the Haemorrhoids CHAP. LXXIV Of the Whites THis Disease is called the Flux of the Womb the Woman's Flux and the Whites and it is an excrementitious Humour flowing from the Womb sometimes white and sometimes watry sometimes mixed with yellow green or black according to the Nature of the Humour Women are subject principally to this Distemper and sometimes Maids though some have affirmed the contrary and condemned them as unchaste yet according to the opinion of the wisest Physitians the purest Virgins may have this Infirmity and their opinion is confirmed daily by Experience These Humours are bred in the whole Body or in some particular part or in the Womb it self They are bred in the whole Body either by ill Diet or a vicious habituall Distemper The particular parts may be the Brain Stomach Liver or Spleen These Humours may be bred in the Womb by a cold or hot Distemper therein the cold maketh it unable to digest its Nourishment and the hot Distemper corrupteth it hence cometh this excrementitious Humour Child-bearing Abortion Contusion Inflammation Imposthume or Ulcer in the Womb may weaken the part and dispose it to breed and receive such Humours This Disease is known by the relation of the Patient from what part it cometh is thus known If the whole Body send this Humour to the Womb the whole Body appeareth in an evill State is weary and heavy as if the Patient were weary with hard labour and by this Flux her Body is at present refreshed the Hands and Feet are puffed up with a great itching and stinging if the Humour be cholerick If it come from some peculiar part the Symptomes and Excrements proper to that part appear If it come onely from the Womb something hath happened which hath hurt the Womb as a Fall or Blow upon the Back or Belly immoderate carnall Embracements especially if the Woman be young or any Disease of the Womb. Signes that distinguish between this Disease and an Ulcer in the Womb or Gonorrhaea are these If there be an Ulcer in the Womb that which floweth is more digested mattery mixed with Blood and stringy and cometh with pain and the Woman admits not of Copulation without pain In the Gonorrhaea the Matter comes in a small Quantity and seldom and is of a shining Whitenesse But if it be a Gonorrhaea which is gotten by acting with an unclean Person then is the Womb ulcerated the Urine sharp and many other malignant Symptomes This Disease is not dangerous but is hard to be cured for it is hard to divert the Humours from this Channell it being the Sink of the Body through which the superfluous Humours of a healthy Body are every Month evacuated That which is blewish green black and stinking is worse then that which is pale white and doth not stink This Disease is seldom cured in old Women because they abound in Phlegm Lastly by its continuance it may breed great evills as Barrennesse Falling out of the Wōb evill habit in the whole Body and Consumption To cure the Humour offended must be purged with convenient Medicines and because Phlegm for the most part is the Humour peccant purge with such Medicines as principally purge Phlegm with which mix such as purge the Humour mixed Vomits if the Patient be strong are good because they empty the Stomach of excrementitious Humours and do powerfully revell the Humours from the Womb. After sufficient Evacuations let the Patient take sweating Decoctions made of Lignum Vitae and Sassafras if the Patient be phlegmatick of China and Sarsa if she be cholerick or melancholy Also Sweat procured by sulphurous Baths is kind Milk wherein Steel hath been quenched is very good
and Castor Then foment the Privityes and Share with a mollifying Decoction to which add Briony Roots and the Roots of wild Cucumber round Birth-wort and the like And put up a Pessary made in this manner Take of the Roots of round Birth-wort Orice black Hellebore Coloquintida and Mirrh of each one Drachm Galbanum Opopanax of each half a Drachm with Ox Gall make a Pessary and apply it If all this will not do you must implore the help of the Chirurgion If the After-birth be retained you must endeavour to expell it by such Medicines as expell the dead Child to which add these which are said to have a specifick property the Stones of a gelded Horse dried and powdered and given as much as will ly on a three pence two or three times as need requireth is commended by Gesnerus and Augenius Some commend the Juyce of an Onion given in Wine or an Onion held in the Woman's mouth between her teeth and the Juyce squeezed out and swallowed and a Draught of white-Wine drunk after it Or 20 or 30 drops of the Oyl of Juniper drunk in Wine or the Juyce of Lovage taken in Renish Wine If her Purgations flow immoderately that you fear the Death of the Woman or in case her Purgations be suppressed which may cause dangerous Symptoms have Recourse to the Chapters treating of those Maladyes Many Women are much troubled with after-pains which do much afflict them and these pains are caused either by the Thicknesse or Sharpnesse of the Blood or by Wind. If the Blood be thick you may know it by its clotting if thin by its Tenuity or yellow Colour If the Blood be thick give this Julep Mugwort water two Ounces sirrup of Violets oyl of sweet Almonds of each half an Ounce If the Blood be sharp add to the former the Musilage of Quince Seeds drawn with Violet Water half an Ounce If Wind be the Cause of these Pains which you may know by its Motion from one part of the Belly to the other then give inwardly and apply outwardly carminative Medicines Take of the Seeds of Carrots one Drachm of Annise Nutmeg and Cinnamon of each a Scruple make them into fine Powder and give it half at one time in Wine Foment her Belly with the Decoction of Bawm Bay Leavs Camomill Calamint Mugwort and the Seeds of Carrots Caraway and Cummin and lay on a Pultise made of boiled Onions Camomill Flowers the Seeds of Flax and Cummin beaten and Barly Meal CHAP. LXXXII Of the Gout and Sciatica 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Arthritis in Greek in Latine Articularis Morbus is the Joynt-Sicknesse caused by an Influx of Humours into them which causeth pain in the Membranes Tendons and Nervs Authors do commonly make four sorts of Gouts according to the diversity of the Joynts affected as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chiragra the Hand-Gout of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Hand 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gonagra when it is in the Knees of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Knee 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Podagra when it is in the Foot because the Greeks call the Foot 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ischias the Hip-Gout or Sciatica of the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Hip. The immediate cause of the Gout is a wheyish Humour flowing to the Joynts and by its Quantity stretcheth the sensible parts or by its Sharpnesse twitcheth them and this Humour floweth not onely from the Brain and Head but from all parts of the Body The cause may be attributed to all Meats which encrease raw and wheyish Humours Meats of a grosse Substance hard to be digested and such as afford plenty of Excrements Gluttony Drunkennesse immoderate Venery therefore the Gout is called the daughter of Bacchus and Venus long Sleep and unseasonable Watchings Fear Sadnesse continuall care and intermission of such Excercises or Evacuations as men have been accustomed to and the like The beginning of the Gout is known thus there is a more exquisite and quick Sense in the Joynts then formerly they are easily hurt as by a new shooe walking the least touch against any hard thing Commonly a Feaver ushers it in and at its approach there is a kind of unusuall Heat felt in the Joynts and a Motion as if some living Creature were therein after which followeth a tormenting pain in the Joynts for the most part beginning in the great Toe and attended with Rednesse and Swelling The Signes of the causes or the Humours which are mixed with the wheyish Humours are thus considered If choller be mixed with the wheyish Humour the Urine is thin yellowish or red the pain great and violent the Feaver comes to the height the part is swelled is red or pale but very hot the application of cold things giveth ease If Phlegm be mixed there is a soft and loose swelling of the part the pain not so violent the Urine is thick and troubled little or no Heat and hot things give ease If Melancholy be the Humour mixed the Temper of the Body inclineth to Melancholy and there is a wearinesse felt all over the part is of an obscure Colour like Lead the pain deep and the Urine thick and melancholy The Gout is no dangerous Disease but it continueth long and is attended with violent pain for the most Part to the end of a man's life and sometimes it is a means of long life because Nature doth drive the vitious Humours to the Joynts which if they should fall upon the more noble parts would be a means of great Diseases if not death it self But in weak Bodyes that are decayed by Sicknesse or Age that Nature cannot expell these Humours to the Joynts many dangerous Diseases are ingendered He that hath no knots in his Joynts is inclinable to Labour and is for the most part soluble by a skillfull Physitian may be cured An haereditary Gout is seldom or never cured If the Veins of a gouty Person do swell with black Blood there is hopes that the Gout leavs him If the Gout doth not return at its season it is dangerous unlesse the matter be taken away by Medicines for it is an argument that Nature is weak and cannot expell it The Cure of the Gout is to be performed by stopping the Flux of the Humours into the Joynts by removing the Humours in the Joynts and to abate the Sharpnesse of the pain If the Patient be full of Blood and strong let him bleed in a great Quantity or let him blood often till the plenitude of Blood be sufficiently abated Then let him be purged with strong Medicaments which may evacuate the stirred Humour and turn the cause from the Joynts Whilst you are purging let Ointments or Plaisters be applyed to the Joynt above the part affected of an astringeing and drying property by which the Humours may be intercepted that they may not so much nor so forcibly fall into the Joynt Let your Ointments be made of the Roots of Snake-weed
leprosie Elephantiasis Morphew and Cancer Nor is man free from minerall Generations as Gold Silver Tin Copper Iron Lead The Heart the Brain Liver Reines Gall and Spleen In the body of man is likewise to be sound quarries of stone viz. in the Bladder and Kidneys which serve not to build but to destroy the Fabrick The Celestiall Planets hath a dukedome in this little world the moistuing powre of the Moon is represented by the marrow which flows from the Brain In the genitall part is Venus seated Eloquence and comlynesse is the effects of nimble witted Mercury the Sun hath a neare affinity to the Heart Benevolent Jupiter hath his seat in the Liver the Fountaine of nutritive Blood The fiery fury of Mars is lodged in the Gall the spungy and hollow Milt the seat and receptacle of melancholique humours is a perfect representation of the cold Planet Saturn Indeed the Spirits of the body do manifest and hold forth the quintessence of all things the four humours in man answer to the four Elements choler which is hot and dry representeth the fire hot and moist blood the aire flegme cold and moist the water cold and dry melancholly the Earth I may yet proceed further in declaring the harmony between the great and little World the belly of man may fitly represent the land or maine continent The Vena Cava the Mediteranean Sea the Bladder the Westerne Sea into which the Rivers of the body do all run discharge themselves his mouth answereth to the East quarter of the World his Fundament to the West his Navel to the South and his Back to the North The Body of Man you see is an admirable Creature The measure of all things the pattern of the universe and Epitome of the World The horizon of Corporeall and incorporeall things I shall conclude with the saying of Zoroastres O Man the workmanship of most powerfull nature for it is the most artificiall Master-piece of Gods hands CAAP. III. A Description of the Head THe Head of a man seemeth to offer it selfe as the first thing to be considered it doth possesse the highest place in the body and represents the uppermost and Angelicall region It is the fort of mans mind the seat of reason the habitation of Wisdome the shop of memory judgment and cogitations It containeth the Braine cold and spongeous by nature enclosed with two skinns the one more hard and thick joyning it selfe to the Braine Pan called Dura mater the other more thin and easie wherein lieth the Braine enclosed called pia mater it is soft and tender to the Braine and nourisheth it as a loving mother doth her yong and tender Babe From Pia mater doth issue the sinews and marrow that descendeth and falleth down into the Reines of the Back In the Brain is the seat and throne of the rationall Soul in which are a very great number of Veins and Arteries planted ramesying or branching themselves through all the substance thereof administring to the Brain both Spirit and Life vitall and nutrimentall nourishment which is raised by the aforesaid small Veines and Arteries from the Heart and Liver and concocted and reconcocted elaborated and made very subtill passing through those woven and interlaced turning and winding passages in which labyrinth the Vitall Spirit often pas sing and repassing is perfected and refined and becomes animall It is not lost labour if we consider how the pia mater divideth the substance of the Braine and lappeth it into certaine Cells or Divisions viz the substance of the Braine is devided into three ventricles of which the foremost containeth the most the middlemost lesse the hindermost the least In the foremost part of the braine imagination is seated in the middlemost judgment in the hindermost memory imagination is hot and dry in quality quick and active from whence it commeth that Frantick men and such as are sick of hot and burning maladaies are excellent in that which belongs to imagination many upon such a distemper have been excellent in poetry and divination It never sleepeth alwaies working whether the man be sleeping or waking and by the vapours that come from the Heart formes variety of cogitations which wanting the regulation of judgment when man steepeth becomes a dream Hence it appeareth that subtilty promtitude and that which they commonly call Wit belongeth to a hot imagination It is active stiring undertaketh all and setteth all the rest to work it gathereth the kinds and figures of things both present by the service of the five senses and absent by the Common sense Judgment is seated in the midst of the braine there to beare rule over the other faculties it is the judge of the little World the seat of the rationall soul and the judge of mens actions If you would know the mean whereby it knoweth and judgeth of things Aristotle and many others have thought that the Spirit knoweth by the help of the senses and that the understanding without the senses is but as white Paper Nil est in intellectu quod non fucritprius in sensu There is nothing in the understanding which is not first in the sense This opinion is false because the seeds of science and virtue are insinuated into our Spirits else is the state of the resonable soul worse then the vegetative or sensitive which of themselves are able to exercise their functions It were absurd to think that so noble and Divine a faculty should beg assistance of so vile and corruptible as the senses which apprehend only the simple accidents not the natures nor essence of things Againe were it so it must follow that they that have their senses most perfect should be most witty whereas we many times see the contrary Yet let no man think that the Spirit hath no service from the senses for in the beginning discovery and invention of things the senses do much service to the Spirit but the Spirit dependeth not upon the senses Some are of opinion that it is hot and moist in qualitie others say that a dry temperature is proper to the understanding whereby it comes to posse that aged persons excell those in understanding that are young because as yeares increase moisture doth decrease in the braine hence it comes to passe that melancolique persons that are afflicted with want and fast much are wise and ingenious for heavinesse and fasting are great driers Splendor siccus animus sapientissimus vexatio dat intellectum heat and drouth resineth the witt affliction giveth understanding that is the reason that great persons that feed highly and take little care and seldom lie under vexation or affliction for the most part are none of the wisest Beasts that are of a dry temperature as Ants Bees Elephants c are wise and ingenious on the contrary they that are of a moist constitution are stupid and without Spirit as are Swine Memory is seated in the hinder cell of the braine as the grand accountant or register
moisture by the Liver the Microcosmicall Jupiter chasing and beating the right side of the Stomach The Stomach hath also a Latitudinall Muscle or will which makes the expulsive faculty It is naturally cold moist cold to compresse the superfluity moist to make the matter slippery and fit for ejection also to work a sutable disposition in the body It is a necessary operation by it after the seperation of the pure from the impure the Elements from the Caput Mortuum or rather foeces is removed and carried away all that is needlesse or prejudiciall to nature It is under the dominion of the Moon with whom you may joyne Venus being of the same nature whose Epitome or Microcosmicall substitute viz the braine sendeth a branch of Nerves to the Stomach and thereby furnisheth it with humours cold and moist fit for expulsion I shall now hasten to give you a short description of the Heart Liver Spleen and Kidneys c. CHAP. VI. Of the Heart I Now come to speak breifly of the Heart who is the principall of all other members and the beginning of life he is set in the mid'st of the Breast by himselfe as Lord and King of all the Members And as a Lord or King ought to be served of his subjects that have their living of him so are all the Members of the body subjects of the Heart they receive their living from him and in many wayes they do him service He is the same in the little world as the Sun that glorious Lampe of Heaven is in the great world It is called Sol Corporis as the Sun is called Cor Coeli because their operations are so like The vitall Spirit hath its residence here why then should antiquity with ignominy be brought to the Barr and condemned for saying the Heart lives first and dyes last he being the Fountaine and beginning of life it must needs follow that it is the first thing in man that lives and the last that dyes Here is to be noted that the heart hath blood in his substance whereas all other members have it in their Veines and Arteries It is bound to the back part of the breast by certaine Ligaments which Ligaments though they touch not the substance of the Heart yet in the over part they spring forth of him By which he appeares to be King of the members and Center of the Mocrocosmicall planetary Hiarchy Moreover the Heart hath two Ventricles or Concavities and the left is higher than the right the cause of its hollownesse â—s to keep the blood for his nourishing and â—…e to abate and temper the great heat which is included and shut up in the Concavityes As he is Sol Corporis and Center of the rest of the members and ruler of the family he communicates to them Life and Motion yet by his heat he attracts what is needfull for himselfe from the other members as a subsidy or tax imposed upon his subjects And therefore to the right Ventricle of the Heart cometh a Veine from the great Veine called Venakells which receiveth all the substance of the blood from the Liver this Veine I say passeth from Venakelis to the right ventricle of the Heart and bringeth a great portion of the thickest and purest blood to nourish the Heart The residue that is left of this is made more subtill through the virtue and heat of the Heart and then sent into a concavitie or pit in the midst of the Heart between the two Ventricles therein it is made more hot and pure and from thence it passeth to the best Ventricle and there is engendred in it a Spirit that is clearer brighter and subtiller then any Corporeall or bodily thing which is engendered of the four Elements for it is a mean between the Body and the Soul Wherefore of the Philosophers it is likned more to heavenly than earthly things And here I shall taket leave to digresse and tell you of some things wonderfull touching the Heart If we credit Avicenna Some have wanted a Heart and to this purpose I could recite other mens opinions but I shall not trouble the readers head with such things which seem to my selfe impossible Valerius Maximus speaketh of one Aristomanes Messenius who killed 300. Lacedemonians who had a hairy Heart Beneventus reports the same of a certaine thiefe Columbus observed a young man that wanted the pericardium which is a thin skin involving the Heart as in a purse and he was much troubled with swoonding fits It hath been the opinion that a man cannot live a moment scarsely who hath received a wound in the Heart And good reason too seeing the life depends upon the safety of the Spirits the Heart being the shop and making thereof when the Heart is wounded it is necessary that the generation of the Spirits cease Yet Nicol. Malerius relates a History of one Andreas Hasevanger who was one of the Lifeguard of Count William of Nassaw governour of Frisia c. who received a wound in the Breast by his fellow Souldier Anno 1607. on the 22 of August in the evening and died the 8th of Septemper following one houre after Sunrising his body being opened to search for the wound by the aforenamed Nicol. Malerius and two other Chirurgions in the presence of severall Souldiers of note they found that the wound had entered the right cavity of the Heart and that part of the Heart was almost consumed the left part remaining entire which is the cheife habitation of the vitall spirits By this meanes he lived 16 dayes which had been impossible if the left ventricle had been wounded But to proceed from the left Ventricle of the Heart springeth two Arteries the one having but one Coat and therefore is called Arteria Venalis which carryeth blood from the Heart to the Lungs which blood is vaporous and fit for its nourishment and carrieth back aire from the Lungs to refresh the Heart See here the Harmony and freindly Agreement between the Microcosmicall Sun and Mercury the first affordeth of his own nutriment to nourish the other whilst the other rewards him with aire to refresh him The other Arterie hath two Coats it is called Vena Arterialis or the great Arterie of which springeth all the other Arteries that spread to every member of the body which carieth the Spirits which are the treasures of the Souls virtue Thus it passeth till it come to the braine and be made an animall Spirit as you have heard before in the third Chapter at the Liver it is made nutrimentall and at the Testicles generative Thus by the Heart is made a Spirit of every kind and like the Sun in the Heavens by his royall presence he doth conferre life and liberty to his suppliants I might here tell you why these Arteries have two coats namely because one is not sufficient to withhold the vitall Spirits carried in them their motion being so violent Againe the thing carried about being so precious a treasure
to the Treasury for as that groweth rich the common people grow poore So as the Spleen encreaseth the other parts decay CHAP. VIII Of the Reines and Kidneys NOw I come to a few words of the Reines and Kidneys which are placed within the region of the Nutrites backward and they are ordained to cleanse the blood from the watry superfluities They have two passages by the one is drawn the water from Venakelis by two Veines which are called Venae emulgentes the Emulgent Veines and by the other is sent the same water to the Bladder and this is called Poros Urithedes The Kidneys are made of a hard substance and full of hard concavities and therefore the sores of them are hard to cure they are harder in substance then any other fleshy member and that for two causes the first is that they be not much hurt by the sharpnesse of the Urine The other is that the Urine that passeth from them might be the better cleansed by them The Heart sendeth an Artery to convey to them blood heat Spirit and Life And from the Liver there commeth a Veine which bringeth nutriment to all blood Their fatness is as of the other members made of thin blood congealed and cradded by cold there is ordained the greater quantity in this place because it should temper the heat of the Kidneys which they have of the biting sharpnesse of the Urine The next thing that offereth it selfe to our consideraon is the Bladder which is compounded of two nerveous panicles in complexion it is cold and dry whose neck is carnous and hath two Muscles to withhold and to let go in man it is long and is contained with the yard passing through peritoneum but in women it is shorter and is contained with the Vulva the place of the Bladder is between the share bone and Longaon commonly called the Arse Gut In women it is between the aforesaid bone and the Matrix In the Bladder is implanted the Ureters which bring the Urine or water from the Kidneys thither and privily entereth into the holes and pannicles thereof which is don by a naturall motion between Tunicle and Tunicle till the Urine findeth the hole of the nether Tunicle where it entereth privily into the concavity And the more the Bladder is filled with Urine the streighter be the pannicles compressed together The holes be not set one against the other so that if the bladder be never so full none can go back againe This is the Micocrosmicall Ocean into which all the Rivers of the body discharge themselves There must needs be more then a watry substance in it for many times in dileases it is plentifully made though the patient drinketh little or nothing And it is observed that Creatures that drink nothing will make water Physitians oftentimes foretell many things by their colour thinnesse and thicknesse Salt you know is hid in meats and that plants have very much Salt in them you may find by distilling them And it is very well known that by the Chymicall art many kinds of Salt may be fetched out of Urines The artificiall Chrysocolla is made of Urine Nitre is made of earth moistned with the Urine and Dung of living Creatures The Urine hath a sympatheticall relation to the constitution of the body The Arabians say among the rest Abenzoar that a man that is bitt with a mad dogge in his Urine the picture of Doggs may be seen but this is attributed to the force of the Venome which changeth a mans constitution and maketh it like to a dogs Sennert us himselfe saith that it doth so much corrupt the humours that little Creatures like Puppies are bred in the body If we credit the writings of wise honest and learned men which not to do were uncharitable we shall find that wormes and many kinds of living Creatures have been bred in the Bladder We read of a Woman that voided one that way a span long and a Maid many as big as Woodlice One voided one like a Magpye another who had the Stone in the Bladder voided two with Horns sharp head back and belly crusty black and like a Tortoise only their belleys were red Another voided a living Scorpion and another shell-fish The passage of the Urine from the Bladder all know yet sometimes men are known to void their Urine another way The Son of one Boninus urined a little beneath the Glans A maid at the Hague of a noble family made water at her Navell One by an Ulcer on his Buttock and another by the Belly For my own part I have known two young men who urined between the Testicles and the Fundament read Fernelius l. 6. c. 13. who affirme the same thing I need not tell you that stones are bred in the Urine of a faeculent matter mingled with Salt and stony juice somtimes small and sometimes great of severall shapes and forms sometimes like the Sea sand somtimes like peebles somtimes like Salt and somtimes they are found ragged and branching lively and excellently resembling the stock and branches of Corall few or none are ignorant of this Thus have I with as much brevity as may be described this Microcosmicall Ocean CHAP. IX Of the Generative parts I Shall herein use as much brevity as may be and shall write nothing but with a mind that is modest and with such a mind I desire it may be read The instruments of generation are of two sorts Male and Female their use is the procreation of mankind the operation is by action and passion the Agent is the seed the patient the blood Although this cometh to be spoken of in the last place yet it might have deservedly been put in the first for nature regards not only the conservation of its selfe but to beget its like and conceive its species Venus hath the principall government of the members of generation In which members there are many parts considerable but I shall only epitomize them First of the genitalls of men The first thing to the considered is that which Anatomists call vasa preparantia or preparing vessells which bring blood and vitall Spirits to the Stones they are fout in number before they come to the stones they make a curious implication intertexture or twisting the one with the other the Arteries into the Veins and the Veines into the Arteries which Physitians call Corpus Varicosum some call it Pampiniformis This interweaving reacheth down even into the substance of the stones their use is to mix the blood and vitall spirit together that so the Stones may have a fit matter to work on The Testicles or Stones are of a white soft and spungy substance full of small Veines and Arteries or else when humours flow to them they could not swell to such a bignesse their form is Ovall of their bigness few are ignorant Each stones hath a Muscle which the learned call Cremaster which serveth to pull up the stones in the act of Generation
with excrements which by their quality and quantity overcome the retentive and provoke the expulsive faculties and so evacuate themselves by unusuall and improper wayes to the disturbance of the whole body The cause of this distemper proceeds from want of a good concoction in the brain and this proceeds either from a hot or cold distemper A hot distemper doth attract more nourishment then nature can sufficiently digest A cold distemper turneth the nourishment brought to the brain to flegme or water Cold grosse and slimy meats hinders a good concoction and windy meats send up many vapours to the head Add to these many externall causes as Southerly winds long sleepe upon a full stomach especially an idle life c. And though this be accounted a disease of the head yet the principall cause lyeth in the inferiour parts in which evill humours are collected as the Liver Spleen Mesentery Womb c. from whom not only vapours but even the humours themselves are sent to the head and descend to the inferiour parts againe a hot distemper of the Bowells like an Alembeck send continuall vapours to the head a cold distemper engenders crude humours which are also many times drawn up thither Costivenesse or obstructions in the lower belly which hinder the avoiding of excrements they not finding their ordinary passage fly up to the braine which by reason of its weaknesse and loose and soft substance is forced to yeeld to the stronger parts disburthening themselves upon it The Impulsive causes are too much heat or cold in the braine too much heat doth extenuate and diffâ—se the humours and this happeneth to the head heated by the Sun fire covering c. Coldnesse doth compresse the head and straines forth the humours therein contained as a spunge is squeesed in the hand A Catarrh is caused by a Communication of cold humours to the braine from the feet conveighed by the chiefest Nerves which run through the Marrow of the back The stoppage or closure of the externall pores when the body requireth sweat is the cause of a Catarrh hence it commeth to passe that Catarrhs are most frequent in Autumne viz. the body being made thin in the Summer and the pores open evacuating excrements by sweat and insensible transspiration in Autmune the pores being sudainly stopt by reason of the contraction of sudaine cold which causeth many vapours to fly to the head Many more causes might be instanced but I fear I shall grow too voluminous and what I have said is sufficient to stirr up ingenious wits to further discoveries I shall add a few words of the nature of the parts receiving this Defluxion which by reason of their weaknesse are forced to receive the burthen laid upon them by the stronger parts like the inferiour Commons who are forced to bear the heavy impositions of their insulting Superiours The Lungs is naturally weak by reason of its softnesse and loosenesse which maketh the part sit to receive Defluxions want of naturall heat caused by a cold distemper maketh the part unable to resist Defluxions A wound or Ulcer in the part causeth the humours to flow thither if you take notice of Issues and Cauteries you will scarcely doubt of the truth of it So doth any inflammation or unnaturall heat in the Lungs Consider of this and you may be able to give a reason of consumptions of the Lungs Pluresies and spitting of bloody matter The humours which cause a Catarrh flow from the brain internally or externally internally if the humours fall upon the breast it is called a Catarrh or Defluxion If upon Aspera Arteria it is called Raucedo or hoarsnesse If it flows into the Nostrills it causeth Coryza Ozena or Polypus If it falls upon the Nerves it produceth numbnesse Palsy Convulsion trembling if in the Eares deafnesse if in the eyes Inflamation Teares blindnesse if upon the Uvula or Palat it causeth a swelling loofnesse or Ulcer there if it fall into the throat the Quinsie follows if on the Lungs Inflammation Pleurisie shortnesse of breath Cough Consumption If it falls into the Stomach vomiting and want of appetite ensues if into the bowells Dyarrhea or Dysentery and sometimes it floweth into the Veins with the blood and causeth a Feaver called Febris Catarrhalis and is the fore-runner of the joynt gout and Erysipelas Sometimes the humours flow from the head externally without the skull under the skin these humours fall into the Eyes Teeth Neck and other externall parts therefore it is rightly conceived by many learned men that the greatest part of the diseases incident to the body of man have their originall from the head Such whose bodys are spare and slender easily penetrated by heat or cold or such as are grossely compact and have not free transpiration Such who have weak and cold braines that cannot discusse nor concoct the humours or vapours therein contained or those whose braines are so hot as to attract too many vapours Such whose Stomachs and Livers are contrary in quality viz. one hot the other cold are men subject to Catarrhs or defluxions The signe of this disease may easily be gathered from the Causes the approach of this disease may be discovered by the following Symptoms viz. by heavinesse of the head dullnesse of the senses long sleep a snotty nose much spitting costivenesse of the body and much wind when the disease is perfect the flowing humours are plainly felt with swellings and paines in divers parts If the defluxion be of cold humours then will the body be sensible of cold the face pale the habit of the body generally flegmatick troubled with soure belchings sweet slimy and waterish spittle If it be a hot distillation the habit of the whole body is Cholerick the parts affected inflamed and painfull the face red much thirst a salt and sharp humour in the mouth I need not tell you how an externall defluxion may be knowne from an internall but take notice that if there appeare plenty of humours the Catarrh is more dangerous for by a suddaine defluxion desperate accidents may follow If age strength and the season permit or if the body abound with blood or the Liver be too hot as it often happens in this distemper breathe a veine at the beginning of the cure the contrary prohibiting Phlebotomy You must first prepare the matter then gently purge the head afterwards more strongly purge the peccant humours out of the former Chapters you may find what purges are convenient with respect to the humour offending Coloquintida hath an excellent faculty to purge the head but by reason of its violent operation is not fit for common use therefore use it not without good advice In this disease also it is good to use Masticatories and Gargarismes when the humours fall into the eyes or nose c. Errhines and sneesing powders when it falls upon the Breast Lungs c. Issues behind the neck or eares are found by experience a gallant remedy for a Catarrh I shall
Sugillatio Sometimes the Cornea is made yellow by the Jaundise All these Diseases are easily discovered and their causes are laid down in the Description That which cometh after a Wound or Ulcer and is a Scar is not easily cured But the cure of the Pin and Web consists in Emollients attenuating and discussing medicines But the Antecedent cause must first be removed by universal evacuations such as are described in the 10. and 11. Chapters Then you must soften the hard matter with the decoction of Fenugreek Mallows Melilot Celendine Fenel and the like Then let a Child chew sweet Fenel-seed and afterwards liek the eye or make a Water thus Take of Honey a pint the juyce of Fenel-Brooklime and Celendine of each half a pint Sugar-candy dissolved in the juyces an ounce with the natural Balsome a scruple clarifie them together or distil them in Balneo Mariae and drop it into the eye The seed of Oculus Christi put into the eye is good If it be a scar after the use of the former medicines use the Water of Honey afterwards put a quantity of the Gall of an Ox to the Juyces before spoken of and thicken it with Gum-Traganth If the Eye be blood-shod and yieldeth not to the fore-going medicine you must seek its cure in the Chapter of the Cataract As for the yellowness of the Eyes caused by the Jaundise take away the cause and the effect ceaseth CHAP. XIV Of the Inflammation of the Eyes THis Disease is called Ophthalmia which is an inflammation of the Tunicle Adnata and is sometimes extended to the Cornea By the Latines it is called Lippitudo bloodshontess This Disease is divided into three kinds the first is called Taraxis by the Greeks and by the Latines Conturbatio and it cometh from an external cause viz. the Sun Smoke Oyl Dust or the like If it comes from an internal cause namely from distempers of the stomach it is called Phlogosis and is a light inflammation but is the Original of the true Ophthaliny which always proceeds from an internal cause accompanied with tumour redness and pain and a thick Exerement called Lippa from whence the Latines call it Lippitudo or bloodshotness The third sort is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in in Latine also Chimosis this is attended with vehement pain and the eye-lids are so inverted that they can scarcely cover the eye the red covereth most part of the Iris and it proceedeth from repletion and flegmy humours I might here shew you how Hippocrates hath divided these Diseases namely a moist and dry Ophthalmy the moist I have already spoken of the dry he calleth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it wanteth humidity and proceedeth from Choler and adust Melaneholy there are other subdivisions if there be itching joyned with it he calleth it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and if it come with hardness of the eye-lids 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Galen mentions another which he calleth Ophthalmia Tabida which ends with a Consumption and loss of the eye this happeneth to them who have moist heads and weak eyes sit to receive a defluxion The immediate causes are defluxion or congestion and sometimes both The defluxion cometh from the head either by the internal veins which comes from the brain under the skull or by the external veins which come from the Pericranium to the Eyes These signs demonstrate the Disease and the cause thereof if redness appear without swelling it is a Contâ—rbation If swelling heat and tears be joyned to the redness then is it a perfect Ophthalmy but if it cover the black of the eye and invert the eye-lids then it is called Chimosis If blood abound and cause the distemper the eye and face will be red and the veins swelled If Choler be the cause the Patient feeleth a pricking pain sharp tears which corrode the cheeks and corners of the eyes If it proceed from Flegme the pain is heavy many slâ—my and glutinâ—…tious tears If Melancholy cause the grief the tumour is but small the colour of a dusky redness few tears the humour thick the constitution of the Patient melancholy If the defluxion come from the internal parts of the head the pain will be felt inwardly and about the roots of the eyes if through the exterior vessels the contrary signs appear the veins of the forehead are distended and there is much shooting about the Temples For the cure the external causes must be removed the antecedent causes evacuated revelled and repelled the conjunct cause derived and discussed and the parts affected strengthned Let the Patient observe an orderly and temperate Diet and eat such things that are of easie disgesture let him avoid all sharp and salt things and such as fume up to the head and such things as breed Choler Let him abstain from strong drink let most of his drink be Barley water Let him avoid all motion let him lie still as long as he is able and sleep as long as he can Let him keep his eyes shut and what ever you do endeavour to keep his body soluble Phlebotomy for the most part is convenient but let it be regulated and moderated according to the constitution strength age and sex of your Patient and nature of the Disease If the body be Plethorick and the Disease hath its original from blood you must take away the greater quantity for Galen in his book de curat per sang mis reiateth how one was cured of an Ophthalmy by bloed-letting first three pound and four hours after one pound understand this onely in the case before mentioned though I could instance many cases more cited by eminent Authors and Fathers of Physick yet let this serve for all to avoid prolixity If onely one eye be affected bleed your Patient on the contrary side If you finde a stoppage of any accustomed evacuations viz. the Terms or Hemorroid veins if the first be stopped open the Saphaena if the other bleed them with Leeches To make revulsion some do apply Cupping-glasses to the shoulders and back others open the veins of the head and temples sometimes the veins or the corners of the eyes and behind the ears and some bleed these veins by Leeches all which are very profitable for derivation When you have bled and made sufficient revulsion you must purge the humour that offendeth and causeth the blood to be inflamed but first let the humours be prepared then purge gently and often and if you see occasion after all this you may purge more strongly Prepare the humours thus Take of Endive Succory and Fumitory of each one handful Red. Rose leaves one ounce of the greater Cold-seeds half an ounce Of Lettice and Poppy-seeds of each two scruples boil them in a quart of Spring water to the consumption of half shrein it and with Sirrup of Violets two ounces and Sirrup of Fumitory one ounce make a Julep for three potions afterwards you must administer such medicines as have power gently to carry away the peccant
with a defluxion of humors otherwise heat is freindly to those Nervous and Membranous parts The cold matter which causeth pain is Flegme water or cold wind either coming from without or from some inferiour part within The hot matter is Choler or blood There may be other evident causes of pain as wounds Contusions Ulcers or breaking of an impostume or any hard or pricking thing got into the Eare. You may judge the distemper to be from cold if a cold cause hath preceded and hot medicines profit the contrary declareth a hot distemper If Flegme cause the paine the Eare and Head will be heavy some Rhume falleth upon some other part the distemper is taken in cold wether or the Patient is old If wind be the cause the paine is without heavinesse nor is it constant If water causeth the pain the Patient is troubled with a sharp defluxion upon the Teeth Eyes Breast c. If it come from Choler the paine is sharp and pricking cold things give ease the body is Cholerick c. An inflammation is accompanied with a great heating paine the parts adjacent are very red and there is joyned a Fever A wound maketh it self known by blood issuing out at the Eare and an Ulcer by filth But somtimes there issueth filth from an Impostume in the braine but this may be distinguished by Head ach preceding and other signes of Impostume the filth cometh away in great abundance at first and decreaseth by degrees If an Ulcer follow an Impostume in the Eare the symptomes of an Impostume going before declareth it If the Ulcer come by defluxion there is a burning and shooting paine and the matter issueth forth by little and constantly If the Ulcer be in the bone the matter is thin and yellow and hath continued long the deeper the Ulcer is the more matter issueth the fouler it is the more and thicker is the matter If it be Virulent the matter is thin if putrid it stinketh much if it corrode blood accompanieth the matter If it continue very long it groweth Fistulous and then the matter is Virulent and the flesh groweth hard If the distemper proceed from a cold cause with or without matter you must use the medicines prescribed for the cure of deafnesse especially fomentations and fumes with warme oyles dropt into the Eare and if it be with matter you must evacuate and purge the humor If the distemper come from a hot cause without matter use cooling Topicks If it hath a Cholerick matter you must revel the humor by Phlebotomy and with cooling drinks and Juleps allay the preternaturall heat of the Liver but this having dependancy to the diseases of the head proceding from a hot cause also to the inflammation of the Eare I leave the ingenious there to seek the Cure The inflammation of the Eare is cured by making revulsion after the administration of an Emollient Clister by blood-letting and this must be done in as great a quantity as the violentnesse of the disease requireth and the strength age and constitution of the Patient permitteth open the Head-Vein on the same side the inflammation is If the stoppage of the Termes hath been prejudiciall open the Saphaena or the Hemorrhoids if you see occasion Revulsions by frictions and ligatures of the Armes and Thighs Cupping the Shoulders and Back with or without scarifications are often successefull a Cupping-glass fixed behind the Eares with Scarification hath been attended with admirable successe and Horsleeches applyed to the same place hath been no lesse effectuall If you find the Cure difficult the opening of the Arteries in the Temples is good to prevent hot and windy bloud which doth much feed the inflammation you must often purge Choller and temper the Humours with cooling Juleps thus Take of Lettice Purflane and Sorrel Water of each two ounces the Water of Plantane and Succory of each three ounces of Syrup of Lemons two ounces the Syrup of Erratick Poppies one ounce mixe them and make a Julep take sour spoonsuls morning and evening You may foment the Ear with the decoction of cooling and piercing Hearbs and let the Patient receive the same with a Funnel then come to the use of Topicks which have power to mitigate pain thus Take of Breast milk two Ounces the Oyl of Roses and Water-Lillies of each one ounce and an half the Water of an Ashen stick before mentioned one ounce the White of an Egg beaten to water half an ounce mixe them and drop some into the Ear after you have formented and famed it If you would have it repelling add Vinegar of Roses to it but use it with moderation lest you drive the Humours to the Brain If the vehemency of the pain constrain you to make use of stupefactive Medicines mixea scruple of Opium or an ounce of Oyl of Poppy seeds with your former Medicine but be careful also in the use of this lest you offend the Brain If you see occasion for resolving Medicines the Oyls of Camomil Dill sweet Almonds and Violets all or either of them may be mixed with your aforesaid Medicine If after all this you find that the Imposthume will come to suppuration you must help Nature therein thus Take the leaves of Mallows Nightshade Camomel and Dill of each one handful bruise them well in a STONE-MORTAR boil them in a quart of milk to the consumption of half add the Musilage of Line-seed Fleabane and Fenugreek seeds of each one ounce Ducks and Hens Grease of each one ounce the Oyl of Camomel Roses and Violets of each one ounce with the crum of White Bread as much as is sufficient make a Cataplasm and apply it After the Imposthume is broken and the Matter run out you must apply cleansing Medicines viz. Mixe Barley water and Honey of Roses and drop it into the Ear. If the Humour be sharp and cause an Ulcer you must after the use of needful Purgings necessary bleeding and all requisite Evacuations make use of cleansing and drying Topicks Take of the juyce of Reets and sow-Bread of each one ounce Horehound Smallage and Wormwood of each half an ounce Myrrh and Frankincense of each half a drachm Saffron and Verdegreece of each one scruple White Wine and Honey of each four Ounces boil it and scum it till the Wine be consumed then drop of it into the Ear 2 or 3 times in a day After you have well cleansed it you must come to cicatrize it Take of the Powder of Galls and Burnt Allum of each one drachm Frankincense and Myrrh of each half a drachm Gum of Juniper and Sarcocol of each one seruple make them into fine Powder and mixe them with White-Wine and drop it into the Bar. If you find that it is sed by defluxion you must labour to divert the deflaxion as you are taught in the 9th Chapter of this Book If the Ulcet be very foul you must mixe Unguentum Aegyptiacum and the Rust of Iron powdered with White-Wine and drop it into
swallow it by which it may be known as also by looking into the mouth You must make use of such Evacuations Revulsions Derivers Repellers as are prescribed in the ninth Chapter of a Catarrh And you must make use of Gargarisms which restrain and dry Take of Plantane Purslane and Shepheards purse of each one handful Cyprus nuts Pomegranate flowers and Red roses of each one ounce Galls and Allum of each one drachm boile them in a quart of Spring water to the consumption of half strain it out and add to it Bolearmenick a drachm Sirrup of Mulberys and Hony of Roses of each one ounce gargarise the mouth therewith Powders are better which have an astringent and drying property Take the Roots of Bistort flowerdeluce and Tormentil the Flowers of Pomegranates and Red Roses of each half an ounce Burnt Allum and long Pepper of each one scruple make them into fine powder and depressing the tongue blow it upon the Uvula If this doth not perfect the cure the superfluity must be cut off this operation must be performed very warily for if you cut too much it will be prejudicial to the speech if there be an inflammation in the Columella you must extenuate such accidents before you cut it lest a greater inflamation follow or a flux of blood if the Uvula be greater at the bottome then it is at the top then it is fitter and safer to cut If the Uvula be onely inflammed you must make use of such medicines as are prescribed for the cure of the inflammation of the tongue There are other distempers of the throat viz. the inflammation and Ulcers of the Tonsills or Almonds of the throat occasioned by a defluxion of crude Phlegmatick and Viscid humors mixed with blood or by excessive drinking of wine or strong liquors or by a greedy devouring of meat they who are thus afflicted swallow with much difficulty and pain and many times have a Feaver For the cure administer a cooling Clister open the Vein under the tongue and if blood abound open the Cephalick-Vein in the arme use all other convenient revulsions Then make a Cataplasme of Barly meal the Seed of Flax and Fenugreek and the Leaves of Mallows bruised with new Milke sufficient and apply it to the throat Then use astringent Gangarisms you have examples enough in the foregoing Chapters If the inflammation increaseth and the pain be sharp and vehement in the Evening then expect suppuration then you must surther it by gargarising with a decoction made of Hysop Figs and the Seeds of Marsh mallows or with aquamulla When it is perfectly rotten squeez it gently that the matter may run forth or else open it with a sharp instrument and let the Patient hold his head down that the matter may the better run out then wash it again with aquamulsa till it be healed For the cure of the Ulcers of the Tonsils you must observe the same rules prescribed for the cure of the Ulcers of the mouth CHAP. XXV Of the Quinzie ANgina or the Quinzie is a disease of the Jaws and Throat by which breathing and Swallowing are hindred withour defect of the breast and Lungs there are two sorts of Quinzyes Legitimate and Bastard Legitimate Quinzy is accompanied with a feaver and inflammation of the part which Galen and the antient Greekes have divided into four sorts the first they called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 when the inflammation is in the inward proper Muscles of the Larynx the second they called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the outward Muscles of the Larynx are in flammed the third they called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the interiour muscles of the pharynx are inflamed the last they called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because the exerior muscels of the Jaws are inflamed a Bastard Angina or Quinzy cometh without a feaver The cause of the first is blood either pure or mixed with Choler flegm or melancholly flowing from the head to the jugular veins the cause of the Bastard Angina is caused by much flegme falling into the jugular veins and by its glewinesse obstructing the passage of the spirits or by a Tumor in the Vertebrae of the neck caused by a deflux of cold flegm removing the Vertebrae from its proper seat or causing a luxation thereof by loosening their Nerves and making them slippery between the joynts or lastly this may happen by some fall or stroak or some external cause The Legitimate Quinzy may be known by the difficult swallowing and breathing without fault of the breast or Lungs pain about the Jaws and threat red nesse heat and a feaver their sorts may be distinguished by their proper signes In the first there is great hinderance of respiration the patient is almost strangled cannot breathe except he open his mouth and hold his neck streight In the second there is lesse difficulty of breathing but greater of swallowing especially of drink which flyeth out at the nose In the third there is some red tumor about the Jaws less difiulty of brething then in the first but more then in the second The last doth hinder the breath but little or not at all the outward parts of the neck are red and painfull The bastard Angina may be known by the abundance of flegm and humors flowing to the mouth If it comes by Luxation the motion of the head and neck is hurt and a preternatural cavity appeareth in the neck I shall not need to spend time to shew the signes of every distinct humor predominating reason or other parts of this book will informe you A Legitimate Quinzy is an acute disease and very dangerous for want of freedome in respiration therefore the first is worst and the patient in most danger of strangling the other are more or lesse dangerous as they more or lesse hinder respiration If the matter fall upon the Lungs or the swelling vanish away without critical or artificial Evacuation it is very dangerous and for the most part deadly If the patient foame at the mouth it is a signe of death saith Hippocrates in his 43 Aphorism because it is a signe of streightnesse and violent heat about the heart which squeezeth the moisture out of the Lungs and sendeth it to the mouth in a foame Every Quinzy requireth a hasty and speedy cure for it sometimes killeth in one day read Fernelius Lib 5 pag. 284. Let the physitian open the Cephalick Vein and if the body be naturally plethorick and blood the cause of the disease draw as much as the Patients strength will bear and reiterate Phlebotomy according as necessity requireth give a Glister first or after or both or as often as need requireth you must speedily make use of other revulsions as cupping glasses with scarification to the shoulders vesicatories frictions and ligatures to the lower parts purges must be administred and if you find the case desperate you need not Question the time of the day Trallianus reporteth that he was forced to open a
too drying lest they thicken the humors and encrease the disease Then you must endeavor to unstuffe and cleanse the Lungs and wind pipe with the before named Lohock or of the like nature I could insert many which I omit for brevitie sake Quercetanus his Sirrup of Tobacco is very good the Tincture of dryed Tobacco as much as a pease held in the mouth and swallowed by degrees draweth abundance of flegm out of the stomack and Lungs or if you take Tobacco in a pipe it is good The juice of red Coleworts made up into a Sirrup and a little Spirit of Sulphur added to it may be taken an ounce in the Morning Or you may make Tablets of great virtue thus Take of the Roots of Elecampane and Licorish of each one ounce the Leaves of Colts foot Maiden haire Scabius and Woodbetony of each a drachm Lac Sulphuris two drams Saffron two scruples make them all into fine Powder and with the Mucilage of Gum Traganth made with Coltsfoot water make Tablets which let the Patient hold in his mouth often Platerus highly commendeth the preparation of a Cock thus Take an old Cock kill pull and draw him stuff him with these things following Fox Lungs fresh or prepared one ounce Raisons stoned and figs of each two ounces Elecampane one dram Hysop Savory Horchound Thyme Calaminth Peneroyal dryed of each one drachm The Seeds of Fenel and Annise of each one drachm Carthamas Seeds bruised and the Roots of Polypody of each half an ounce White Tartar one drachm Salt half an ounce the Yolks of two Eggs Fresh Butter half an ounce Cut and bruise them according to the precepts of Pharmacy and few them up into the Belly of the Cock boile him in a large Vessel and soe much water as will cover him and no more till his flesh come off from his bones strain it and add to every ten Pints one Pound of Hony that it may not quickly corrupt let the Asthmatick person take a Porrenger full every morning in which dissâ—lve of Manna and Cassia newly drawn of each half an ounce It will be the better if presently after he take a dram of Venus Turpetine with penids in form of a Bolus or otherwise The Patient may continue taking this Cock-broath a Moneth or longer CHAP. XXVII Of the Pleurisie and inflammation of the Lungs A Pleurisie is an inflammation of the Membrane Pleura and the internal intercostal muscles girding the sides within the Greeks call it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the Latines also Pleuritis The matter causing this disease for the most part is Cholerick blood which doth easily penetrate the Membrane but seeing other humors may cause it it is either Sanguineous Cholerick Phlegmatick or Melancholick but what ever the humor offending be Choler it hath for its Vehicle The signes of a Pleurisie according to Galen are five first a pricking pain of the side caused by a Cholerick humor in the Membrane extending it self either towards the throat or the Hypochondria Secondly a continual sharp Feaver which is either Symptomatical comming from some Sangnineous Tumor about the part or essential that is when a Feaver first invadeth the Patient and the boiling blood is expelled to those parts Thirdly difficulty of breathing because thâ— heart being inflamed as well as the rest greedily desireth refreshment and he parts inflamed cannot sufficiently distend themselves to draw in the cold aire Fourthly a hard Pulse like a Saw which is caused by the stretching out of the Membrane by which defect the Arteries are distended Fifthly and lastly an often and troublesome Cough because nature doth strive to expel those troublesome humors from the part affected also some of the matter sweateth from thence into the Lungs which causeth a Cough I might here add another signe viz. spitting of blood or bloody matter but because it happeneth not in all Pleurisies nor at all times I omit it You may partly judge of the humor peceant by the constitution of the Patient and season of the Year The particular signes are first of blood bloody spittle stretching and pricking pains full Veins especially about the Temples red Urine and the like Signes of Choler are yellow spittle a burning Feaver a hard and quick pulse the pain more acute and pricking restlesnesse bitternesse of the mouth and yellow Urine The signes that shew Phlegm are much sweet and frothy Spittle the Feaver remiss little thirst the pain heavy but not violent the pulse not so hard the Urine white and thick the Spittle black and tough the pain and Feaver moderate a dry Cough the tongue black and rough the belly bound the Urine red and darke are signes of Melancholly As to the prognostick I say This disease afflicting old men women with child Asthmatical persons or such as have had it often is dangerous If the Feaver be violent the breath fetched with dissiculty the Cough raiseth up no matter or the Spittle very bloody or very white and glutinating green tustick black much Spitting and yet the pain abates not the spitting cease and the pain continue all these are dangerous signes On the contrary plentiful vomitting Choler in the beginning of the disease blood or Choler mixed with the spittle c. are good signes The Cure of a Pleurisie consists in the revelling Deriving discussing digesting maturating and expectorating the peccant humors if the Feaver be essential seek its cure in its proper place Bleeding is a very natural remedy for a Pleurisie which you must moderate according to the constitution and strength of your Patient and the violent or remiss symptoms If your Patient spitt freely forbeare blood-letting lest his spitting be stayed and his life endangered Twice or thrice in a day or oftener as you see occasion administer cooling Juleps to restrain the heat of the boiling humors make a Iulep of Poppy water and Sirrup of Violets After bleeding prepare a fomentation Take of Mallows Violet leaves Chamomel Pellitory of the wall of each one handful the roots of Marsh mallows and Lillies of each four ounces the seeds of Flax Commin and Fenugreek of each one drachm boile them well and put them with the liquor into a hogs bladder and foment the side afterwards anoint it with this following Liniment Take of Fresh butter and Hens grease of each two ounces the Oyles of Chamomel Lillys Dill and sweet Almonds of each half an ounce The Chimical oyle of wax a scruple mix them and make a Liniment some slit a live-Hen and apply it some the Lungs or the paunch of a sheep hot others apply hot bread out of the Oven dipped in Butter Then you may make an Emulsion of blanched Almonds and the great cold seeds thus Take of Almonds blanched and steeped in Coltsfoot water one ounce the four great cold seeds of each half an ounce the seeds of Lettice and white Poppy of each one drachm beat them in a Marble morter pouring on by degrees the decoction of Barly Liquorish and Plantane a
by which heat flegme and other humors good and bad are drawn from the brain which the brain fetcheth from all the body hence comes its decay and extenuation The Patient spetteth thick rotten Flegm and doth sweat at night as soon as he sleepeth A Consumption confirmed is known by these signes the Patient spitteth matter it self the Feaver stronger the Cough more violent with more provocation and lesse Evacuation the Cough is attended with a hollow sounding he ineth and wanteth appetite for the mouth of the stomach is weakened by the Defluxion The belly is loose for the Flegm falling from the head weakeneth the stomach and Bowells and the retentive Faculty is destroyed The Patient breatheth difficult ly for the faculty is weak and the Bronchia stopped with Putrid Matter the haire falleth off the cheeks waxe Blue and his feet swell the nailes of the fingers are crooked because the flesh on the tops of the singers which held them up is decayed Let the Patient spit in a Bason of Faire Water if he spit Matter it sinketh if Flegm it swimmeth Thus have I briefly touched upon the causes and signes of a Consumption a word or two of the Prognostick If the Consumption hath not long continued and the Ulcer but newly begun it may be cured otherwise not for those things which dry the Ulcer doe hinder spitting and encrease the Feaver and maketh the body leaner Those things which are moist good against leannesse and Feavers doe make the Ulcer fouler Those that have narrow and streight breasts and their shoulder blades stick our like wings are inclinable to Consumptions to whom it is natural for want of natural heat If the Consumption came with an acute Disease or the sick fall into an acute Disease it killeth speedily If the Patient spitteth stinking matter or cannot spit at all his belly loose he is very near Death It would take up a great deal more room then I have to spare to set down the cure of a Consumption I mean when it is only begun and the Patient strong I shall only Epitomise it Let the sick drink Milke warm either Asses Goars or Red Cows but above all the Milke of a sound woman is the best Let him use a coole and moist diet and make use of such things which may correct the Blood make a decoction of China Sanders and Guajacum You must purge the humors offending but be sure you make use of such purges as work very gently as Manna Rhubarb Cassia Sirrup of Roses and the like To allay the Feaver it is lawful to let Blood if your Patient be not too lean You must divert the Defluxion have recourse to the ninth Chapter Then you must give such things which have a healing quality to cure the Ulcer of which the Milk spoken of before is very good and if Sugar of Roses be given with it it will be much more available Conserve of Roses is good if it astringe too much and the breath fail and the sick cannot spit make use of Expectorating medicines as the Sirrup of Hysop Coltsfoot or Lohocks the last Chapter will enforme you If hear be procured by the same means give coolers as the Sirrups of Violets and Jujubes the Musilage of Flealand Quinces and the cold seeds The Sirrup of the juice of Ground Ivy is much commended by Quercetan see the fourth Book of Sirrups This Sirrup hath admirable virtues Take of the juice of Grounding Veronica and Carduus Benedictus clarifyed of each eight ounces in which boile of all the sorts of Maidenhaire Scabious and Lettice of each half a handful very gently then dissolve in the Liquor streined a pound an half of White Sugar and boile it to the heighth of a Sirrup adde in the end of the extract of Juniper three drams of the juyce of Liquorish and the Extract of Carduus of each four scruples Let the Patient take a spoonful before every meal and as much when he goeth to bed Forrestus commendeth this powder following Take of White Poppy Seed ten drachms Starch Gum Arabick and Tragacanth of each three drachms Purslane and Mallows Seed of each five drachms the four great Cold Seeds of each six drachms Quince Seeds the like quantity Spodium and juyce of Liquorish of each three drachms the Penids the weight of all the rest make it into fine powder and give two drachms in a morning with the Sirrups of Poppyes or Jujubes or you may give it in Barly Creame Almond Milk or in any other convenient liquor Or this Lohock is very good Take of Lohocke pulmone Vulpis and Sanum et Expertum of each one ounce Conserve of Roses Dimargariton Frigidum and Diapenidion of each half an ounce Manus Christi and Lac Sulphuris of each three drams with the Sirrup of Comfry make a Lohock of which let the Patient take the quantity of a Hazel-nut often and twice as much night and morning The oyle of Vitriol is good to dry the Ulcer if two or three drops be given in a morning with the juyce of Plantane or Rose Water and Sugar saith Claudinas The Balsom of Peru is not without its virtues for the healing of the Ulcers of the Lungs if a drop or two be made into a Pill with Sugar or the Powde of Liquorish and taken every morning so you may take the Balsome of Sulphur Fumigations may be made of Frakincense Mirrh Mastich Benjamin Yellow Sanders Amber Storax and the like and taken in the mouth or nose the roome sented therewith Or you may make a moist Fumigation of such hearbs which are freindly to the Lungs Take of Coltsfoot Hyssop Horehound Alehoofe of each two handfulls bruise them and put them in a Pipkin with a cover close Luted on with water sufficient put it into the Oven when the Bread is half Baked the Bread being Baked draw out the Pipkin and put a funnel into a hole which it must have at the top and draw the fumes into the mouth and put it out at the nose Many other medicines and precepts I might here prescribe which I must omitt for brevityes sake only remember that all the medicines against spitting of Blood are profitable for the Ulcer of the Lungs CHAP. XXXII Of the Palpitation of the heart The Palpitation of the heart is an immoderate and preternatural shaking of the part with a great diastole or vehement Systole which sometimes hath bin so great that the adjoyning ribs have bin displaced sometimes broken and sometimes an Artery hath bin much dilated so saith Fernelius lib. 5. Chap. 12 Pag 292. The Greeks call this Disease 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the Latines Palpitato Cordis The causes of it may be referred to three heads the first is a molestation of the heart sometimes a troublesome vapor arising from cold and thick humors lodged near the heart especially the Pericardium and conveighed to the Ventricles of the heart or sent from the stomach Spleen womb or the like or caused by the
Plague poison worms putrified or the Mestrues stopped and conveighed as before may be the cause of Palpitation To these adde excesse in quantity or quality of bloody Cholerick or watry humors oppressing the Veins Arteryes or Ventricles of the heart Likewise Inflammation Imposthumation or Tumors happening in the Arteries of the Lungs near the heart or in the Pericardium may be the cause of Palpitation A Second cause is a preternatural heat by which the Spirits are inflamed and the motion of the heart and Arteries is encreased and this sometimes though seldome ariseth from an inward cause often from an outward as anger violent excercise and the like The third cause is the defect of Spirits caused by hunger watching anger joy fear shame or great Diseases or any thing which dissipateth the Spirits which the heart labouring to recover encreaseth its motion and causeth Palpitation The Diagnosis or knowledge of this Disease is easie for it may be felt heard or seen The causes must be distinguished by their proper signes A hot distemper is known by often breathing by a Feaver and heat of the breast and a desire of cold things If wind be the cause it is subject to Variation and raised by a small motion the breath is difficult a mist before the eyes and a noise in the eares c. If the Disease commeth from humors in the heart or Pericardium it comes not suddainly nor goeth away quickly The nature of the humor you may gather from their Symptomes Water in the Peticardium is hard to be known but we may conjecture it by the weaknesse of the Pulse the heart seems to be almost suffocated in water If Malignant and Pestilent humors cause it the Patient fainteth a losse of the pulse and strength c. If it come by consent from other parts their proper signes declare it If a Tumor be the cause the motion of the heart is different from the natural and the pulse is various if the Tumor be in the pericardium and hard the disease is constant and the Patient decays without manifest cause To the Prognostick I say it is a dangerous Symptome because the motion of the heart by which life is preserved is hindered and Galen saith that they who are thus affected in youth or middle age live not to be old because the Vitalls are weak in them Alpho 41 de loco aff Sect 2 et 5 Chap. 2. If it come from a Tumor it is incurable if it be peculiar to the heart or pericardium it is incurable If it come by consent from other parts the cure must be sought out of their proper Chapters but seeing not only the cause ought to be removed but also the Symptomes asswaged by refreshing the heart you must administer Cordial medicines which have power to strengthen the heart If a hot distemper vex the heart Take of the Conserve of Violets Water-lillys Borrage or Buglosse flowers of each one ounce Diamargariton frigidum Diarrhodon Abbatis of each two drachms Red Sanders Coral and Camphire of each a drachm with the Sirrups of Coral Balme or Citron peels make an Opiate of which let him take often If cold humors cause the Palpitation Take of the Conserve of Roses and Rosemary flowers of each one ounce Aromaticum Rosarum Dianthus and Diambra of each one drachm Cinamon Cloves and Mace of each half a drachm Confection of Alchermes two scruples Amber Muske and Saffron of each one scruple with Sirrup of Clove-Gilly-flowers make an Opiat and give it as before With these and the like ingredients the Ingenious may form medicines of all sorts whether the disease be hot or cold likewise may Liniments Unguents Epithemas and Sacculibe prepared and applyed to the Region of the heart to strengthen and abate the hot or cold distempers thereof If an humor gathered near the heart cause the Palpitation extenuating medicines must be mixed with your Cordialls and if nothing prohibite open the inner Vein of the arme called Basilica if that appear not open the middle Vein which course Galen commendeth also if you see occasion administer purging and Carminative Clisters CHAP. XXXIII Of Swooning or Syncope 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Swooning is a sudden and swift failing of all strength for all parts having a continual necessary influence upon the heart and vital spirits when they fail all the rest must suffer This Disease is distinguished from the Epilepsy which hath a Convulsion and this not from an Apoplexy in which the breath is much stopped and the pulse not much abated till near death but here the pulse faileth and the breath is free In Fits of the Mother the breath is most obstructed the pulse not much altered nor the colour of the face except it be higher the contrary happeneth in a Syncope The immediate cause of this Disease is the defect of the Vital Spirits in which nature is constrained lest the heart should totally fail to fetch the spirits from other parts to the heart by which means they lose their functions This defect happeneth four ways principally First they are naturally few by fault in the faculty making of the Vital Spirits or the matter which fault commeth by diseases proper to the heart or by consent from other parts Proper to the heart are too much constriction dilation and Solutions happening to the Ventricles of the heart or such as destroy the natural temper as Sharp Malignant Fainting Pestilential and Hectick Feavers and the like The faculty may be hurt by diseases in those parts which have a Sympathy with the heart as the Brain Liver Stomach and Womb. The matter is faulty when the Aire or Blood by which the Vital spirits are generated is defective or corrupted The aire is defective when respiration and transpiration is hindered But the hinderance of nutrition causeth a defect of the Blood They are both corrupted when their qualityes are changed Secondly this Disease is caused when the Spirits are dissipated and spent by too great evacuations which may be done sensibly or insensibly Sensibly by inordinate Phlebotomy Bleeding of wounds or at the Mouth Nose Womb Belly or Hemorrhoids or an extraordinary discharging of other excrementitious humours by Vomit Stool Urine or Sweat the breaking of an inward Impostume or by Empyema or by tapping the Nave lin the Dropsy Insensible evacuations are caused by sharp or thin humours which rarifie the skin or the immoderate heat of Bathes or Hot-Houses To these add long Watchings Fastings Lechery Anger Joy long continuing and violent pain or sickness c. may cause a dissipation of the spirits Thirdly this disease is caused by things which alter and corrupt the Spirits as venemous and pestilential aire and stincks or an evill disposition of the Bowels and other parts in a word all things which are averse to the heart may corrupt the spirits Or Lastly the spirits may be suffocated or destroyed which may come to pass by a vehement returning of Blood and Spirits to the Heart as also corrupt
when the Pain is under the Ensiformis it shews that the upper Orifice of the Stomach is affected a very sharp Pain that the Patient cannot rest and sometimes fainteth the Vapours sometimes offend the Brain and cause inveterate Head-Ach the Megrim Vertigo and Epilepsy In the other parts of the Stomach there are not so violent Symptomes but great Paines like the Chollick Thus you may know the Causes The Humours offending may be known by the Excrements avoided at the Belly or Mouth also Choller Phlegm Wind or Worms may be knowne by their proper Signes The Diseases of the Stomach or parts adjoyning causing this Disease may be known by their proper Signes Prog This Disease is more dangerous then any other Disease of the Stomach The danger is greater if a Feaver accompany it if the extream Parts be cold Death is at hand thus saith Hippocrates It is least dangerous if it proceed from Worms yet sometimes dangerous Symptoms appear and the Patient dyes sometimes if the cause of Wind cannot be removed a dry Dropsy followeth If it come from other Parts there begin your Cure if it be in the Stomach properly consider the peccant Humour If Wind be the Cause first administer a Clister Take of Camomil Penny-royall Miats and Pellitory of the Wall of each one handful the Seeds of Annise Fennel Cummin and Dill of each two Drachms make a Decoction in white Wine Posset Drink add Benedicta Laxativa half an Ounce the Oyls of Dill Rue and Chamomil of each half an Ounce the Chymical Oyl of Juniper Berries ten Drops make a Clister and give it or the like as often as need requireth Make a Fomentation with the Herbs and Seeds aforesaid or with others of the like Nature then anoint the Stomach with the Oyls of Sage and Cloves Chymical Oyl of Dill Camomil Rue and the like Then administer this or the like Julep which hath power to asswage Pain discusse Wind and strengthen the Stomach Take of Wormwood Pennyvoyall Century the lesse and Agrimony of each one handful the Flowers of Camomill and Juniper Berryes of each one Ounce the Seeds of sweet Fennel and Anise of each two Drachms Boil them in a Quart of white wine to the consumption of half sweeten it with the compound Sirrups of Wormwood and Betony of each two Ounces Let the Patient take a spoonful of this often and six spoonfuls Night and Morning this have I often proved with good successe let the Cause be what it will If the Disease be yet too stubborn to yeeld to ordinary Medicines make a Bath of mollifying Herbs and let the Patient sit in it giving inward discussing Medicines In vehement Pain some do give a Purge and mix Narcoticks with it to allay the Pain and this following is much commended by Forestus Take of Diaphenicon half an Ounce Philonium Romanum two Scruples with Camomil water in want thereof the Decoction make a Potion If Choller cause pain purge it administer Juleps cooling and thickning Foment the Stomach and apply a Cataplasm made of mollifying cooling and discussing Herbs and Seeds CHAP. XLII Of the Inflammation Ulcer and Imposthume of the Stomach The Inflammation of the Stomach is a Tumor comming of Blood sent into the Stomach and its Membranes from the Vena Porta by the small Veins which Blood is either pure and maketh a proper Phlegm or mixed with Choller and maketh an Erisipelatous or with Phlegm making an Oedmatous or with Melancholy making a Schirrous Tumor In a word all things that may inflame the Blood may be the Cause of this Tumor Diagnostick Signes are great Pain burning pricking distending beating even to the Back you may see or feel the Tumor belching and sometimes vomiting of Blood and the Breath is ferched difficultly and a burning Feaver If it be onely of Blood it is somwhat gentler but if it be with Choller there are grievcus Symptoms But be carefull to distinguish this Inflammation from that of the upper side of the Liver see the Chap. of the Inflammation of the Liver This Disease for the most part is deadly If the Inflammation be in the upper part of the Stomach or over the whole or much loathing of the Stomach or rumbling in the Belly all these are deadly Symptoms If the Inflammation kill not and the Feaver and Pain ceaseth and the Tumor remain then it turns to an Imposthume which being broken there remaineth an Ulcer which is known by voiding of Matter by Vomit and Stool But an Ulcer may be bred in the Stomach from other Causes as sharp salt cholerick Humours bred in the Stomach or sent thither from other parts the breach of a Vein which could not grow together again a Wound not well cured Poyson or corroding Medicines taken The Signes of an Ulcer bred in the Stomach are the same with the former to which I add these a constant lingring Feaver stinking Belching no Appetite a pricking Pain and Burning when any thing is taken which is hot cold sharp salt or sowr This Disease for the most part is deadly because Cleansers encrease Pain and Dryers cannot execute their Office but are hindred by Meat Drink and Chylus The Cure of theso Diseases must be diversly considered Purging is altogether prohibited lest more Humours be gathered to the Stomach but give an emollient and cooling Clyster every day such an one as is prescribed in the last Chap you must let Blood in both Arms as much as strength will bear bleed the Haemorrhoids if you see Occasion cup and scarify the Shoulders Back and Buttocks rub and bind the extream Parts and heat them with the Oyl of Spike or Flowerdeluce and the like You must give Medicines which are altering and strengthning and with them mix such which have power to dissolve This Julep is good Take of Barley water well clarified two Ounces Fennel and Purslane water of each one Ounce the Sirrups of Water Lillies and Violets of each one Ounce the Sirrup of Poppy half an Ounce Diamarganiton frigidum a Drachm mix them and make a Julep for three Doses give it Morning Noon or Night Foment the Stomach with â—he Decoction of cooling and mollisying Heâ—… Roots and Flowers and afterwards anoint it with Oyl of Roses Violets and the like Some commend Turpentine washed in Wormwood water given in Pills three or four times which will quickly dissolve or maturate the Imposthume If you find that the Imposthume tend to Suppuration apply this Cataplasm Take of the Roots of common and March Mallows of each one Ounce Camomill two handfuls red Rose leaves a handfull boil them well together and then beat them in a stone Morter then add of the Meal of Barley Flax seed and Fenugreek of each one Ounce with Hen's Grease and Oyl of Roses and Camomill alike QUantity sufficient to make a Cataplasm which must be applyed and often removed When the Imposthume is broken cleanse the Ulcer with new Milk and Sugar or Hydromell or Take of Barley water 3.
and the Troches of Amber of each half a Drachm with Sirrup of Comphrey make an Opiate and let the Patient take a little often Take of the Powder of Rubarb one Ounce the Troches of Sanders two Drachms mix it and give the Patient two Drachms twice a day it evacuateth the Matter and strengthneth the Bowels Both the Sirrup Magistery and Tincture of Coral availeth much and the Decoction of Juniper Berryes in red Wine is no lesse effectual If it continue long and your Patient's strength much decay give Laudanum among your other Medicines The Fume of Fleabane and Mullein taken through a hollow Chair is excellent The Conserve of Hips is good against a cholerick Flux you may mix with it such things which are astringent I shall say no more of the Cure of this Disease but refer you to the next Chapter Onely this if the Disease come by consent of other parts seek the Cure in their proper Chapters CHAP. XLVII Of the Dysentery or Bloody Flux 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is a bloody Loosenesse of the Belly depending upon the Ulceration of the Intestines but it is commonly taken for every Bloody Flux the Latines call it Tormina because of the Torture the Patient endureth Galen mentioneth four kinds of Fluxes which he calleth Dysenteries The first is when any usual Evacuation of Blood as the Haemorrhoids or at the Nose is omitted or impedited or any part of the body is hurt and by that means the Blood is sent to the Intestines and voided by the Belly The second is when watry Blood is voided by reason of the weakness of the of the Liver of this I shall treat hereafter The third is when Blood mixed with Melancholy and burnt by reason of long Retention in the Liver and Spleen is evacuated and shineth The last and that which I am now to discourse on is when Blood and Excrements are mixed together and sometimes also Matter is mixed therewith and is evacuated with Torture to the Patient by reason of Ulceration in the Guts this is the proper Dysentery The internal Causes are sharp and ulcerating Humours yellow green and black Choller Salt Phlegm in the Head bred by Heat or in the Belly by putrefaction which being brought to the Guts and sticking to them ulcerateth the part The Causes external are all things which make sharp and evil Humours Meats which soon putrify Fruits which are soon rotten all things unripe the Air thus qualifyed the Winter cold and dry and the Spring very wet and ful of South Winds cause Dysenteryes in the Summer Or if the Winter be wet and full of South Winds and a dry Spring and the North Winds blow much such a Season produceth Dysenteryes Sometimes the Air is infected and produceth a contagious and epidemical Dysentery which is so infectious that the Excrements of the Sick being cast into a Privy infecteth all that sit over it The Diagnostick Signes are often and bloody Evacuations with Pain in the Belly Watching Thirsting Loathing of Meat sometimes a Feaver If the small Guts are affected the Pain is vehement like the pricking of Pins because they are of more exquisite Sense they go not to Stool presently after the Pain and the Blood is mixed with the Excrements The contrary judge if it be in the great Guts the Pain not so sharp they go to Stool presently after and the Blood swimmeth on the top of or a little mixed with the Excrements You may judge of the Humour causing this Disease by the Colour of the Excrements Age and Temperament of the Patient and Season of the year Thus the Prognosticks are made Dysenteryes caused by black Choller are deadly if it be not Critical because the Ulcer groweth cancerous be sure you judg aright between Melancholy and Blood congealed If Loathing of Meat and a Feaver accompany it it is dangerous If pieces of Flesh be voided it is deadly Much Watching great Thirst black bloody and stinking Stools without a Mixture of Humours Hiccough cholerick Vomitings Pain in the Liver and Midriff are for the most part deadly Signes If Choler or sharp Diet be the cause of this Disease it is easily cured salt-Phlegm is worse because it sticks longer to the Guts If this Disease happen to one troubled with a disease in the Spleen or the Gout it is good saith Hippocrates because the Matter is sent forth but this is rather a Diarrhae a then a Dysentery To cure you must evacuate sharp Humours you must asswage Pain cleanse consolidate and dry the Ulcer and stop the Flux To evacuate the Humours you must purge every second third or fourth day according to your Patients Age Strength Season of the year and the like Rubarb is exceeding good in this Disease given a Drachm or a Drachm and an half or two Drachms Or made into a Potion thus Take of Liquorish scraped and sliced and Raisons of the Sun of each three Drachms Tamarinds and yellow Myrabolans of each two Drachms boil them in Barly and Plantane water to three Ounces in which streined infuse a Drachm of Rubarb thin sliced then add one Ounce of the Sirrup of Roses solutive and make a Potion if you think it not strong enough add of Diacatholicon three Drachms or you may give the Rubarb in Powder in the aforesaid Decoction If the Dysentery be accompanied with a Feaver and Inflammation of the Bowels open a Vein and let the Patient bleed according to his Strength Sometimes vomiting is profitable to revell the Humours which fall from the Stomach to the Intestines Omit not vomiting if you find the Stomach very foul Especially if the Sick be inclinable to vomit for then Nature dictates the right way and ought to be imitated In the mean while you must give asswaging mild and cleansing Clisters afterwards glutinous and astringent Thus Take of the Roots of Marshmallows Butter-burr of each one handful Camomil Flowers one Pugil the Seeds of Flax and Fleabane of each two Drachms boil them in Barly water or Milk Chalybeated or Mutton Capon or Sheeps Head Broth to a Pint strain it and dissolve therein the yolks of four Eggs well beaten Oyl of Roses and Sirrup of Quinces of each one Ounce and make a Clister If the Ulcer want cleansing add Century and Wormwood to the former Decoction and to the strained Liquor add Turpentine dissolved in the yolk of an Egg the chymical Oyl of Wax of each one Drachm When there is need of more binding and glutinating make a Clister thus Take of the Roots of Comphry Tormentill and Bistort of each one Ounce Plantane Shepherds purse Knot-grasse and Mous-ear of each one handfull Pomegranate Flowers Mirtles Acorn cups and Cypresse Nuts of each one Drachm parched Rice French Barly and red Roses of each one Pugill Make a Decoction in Smiths water to a Pint of the straining add of the Juyce of Plantane and Yarrow of each one Ounce and the yolks of two roasted Eggs. Or insteed of the Juyces you may add
two Drachms Diarrhodon Abbatis one Drachm Salt of Wormwood and Tamarisk of each one Scruple Saffron and Amber-greese of each half a Scruple with the Sirrup of the five opening Roots make an Opiate of which let the Patient take the quantity of a Wal-nut every Merning In this case steel-Medicines are of excellent use and well approved of by Galenists as well as Paracelsians sometimes the Powder may be given alone or of it may be made several sorts of Medicines as steel-Wine Sirrups Opiates Pills and Lozenges Some infuse it in white Wine or Claret and drink thereof many wayes are steeled-Wines prepared I shall onely prescribe that which my self have found effectuall and leave every man to his liberty to prepare it as he sees good Take the powder of Steel prepared with Vinegar three Ounces the Roots of dwarf-Elder two Ounces the Root of Elicampane and Sea-Holly of each one ounce yellow Sanders and Epithimium of each one Ounce the Flowers of Camomill Broom and Rosemary of each half an Ounce it will not be the worse if you add two Ounces of Senna and half an Ounce of Rubarb the best white-Wine three Quarts Let them infuse in a Bath twelve dayes twice a day you must shake them let the Patient take two or three Ounces every Morning as long as need requireth Likewise may Pills Opiates and Sirrups be prepared of the infusion and extract of Steel But this remember that after all Medicines made of Steel must much Excercise be used to make the Strength of the Medicine go to the parts obstructed Quercetan commendeth the compound Powder of Aron to open Obstructions two Drachms taken in a Morning in some convenient Liquor for several dayes See the fourth Booke But of all Medicines to open Obstructions those made of Vitriol Tartar and Steel claime the preheminence if Dr. Dunce have not the administring thereof CHAP. LVI Of the Schirrus of the Liver THis Disease is a hard Tumor in the Liver without Pain it is either perfect or imperfect the perfect is without Pain or Sense that which is imperfect hath some Pain This is bred by crude viscous and clammy Humours sent from other parts or bred in the Liver by evill Concoction The imperfect Schirrus is caused by immoderate use of discussing or repercussive Medicines or things which by cooling and binding do thicken the Matter and keep it from dissolving The Signs are a Hardnesse in the right Hypocondrion and a great Heavinesse especially when the Breath is fetched neither Feaver nor Pain as in the Inflammation or at lest but little Pain when the Schirrus is imperfect the Face is pale and greenish because there is no good Blood produced by it The whole Body decayeth because there is no Sanguification nor Distribution of Nourishment as ought to be To the Prognostick Galen saith thus an insensible Schirrus is incurable that which is sensible is curable though with much difficulty A Schirrus turns to the Dropsy incurable sometimes it causeth the Jaundice and somtimes it cometh in the Jaundice both which are very dangerous To cure it in the beginning of the Disease you must take away the antecedent Cause as you are taught in the preceding chapter of Obstructions all the Medicines there mentioned are proper for this Riverius much commendeth these Pills following Take of the best Aloes and Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar strained and again made thick of each half an Ounce Mercurius Dulcis well prepared two Drachms Diagridium one Drachm with Oxymell of Squills make a Masse for Pills of which take half a Drachm in the Morning for twenty or thirty dayes but sometimes rest and in the intermediate dayes make use of the steeled and other Medicines mentioned in the Chapter Likewise the Fomentation and Unguent there prescribed may be made use of to mollify this Tumor CHAP. LVII Of the Jaundice THe Jaundice is a spreading of a yellow Colour over the whole Body There is a two fold Jaundice the yellow and the black the black proceeds from the Spleen and is rare I shall here speak onely of the yellow Jaundice This Disease comes from three principal Causes First from an evil Disposition of the Liver as an Inflammation Obstruction Schirrus or Weaknesse thereof that it cannot separate the Choller from the Blood and by that means it is carried over the whole Body A second Cause is the Obstruction of the Gall which hinders its passage into the Guts and so remains in the Blood with which it is carried to all parts of the Body The Gall is obstructed either by grosse Phlegm or Choller abounding and sometimes by little stones bred therein c. The third Cause is the Malignity of the cholerick Humour which consisteth either in the great Quantity which Nature cannot regulate nor seperate from the Blood or fills the Bagg so full that it cannot contract it self to expell it Or else it consisteth in the evill Quality of the Humour which by corrupting the rest hinders their due Evacuations which Nature perceiving striveth suddenly to cast it forth as it sometimes happens in cholerick Feavers after the taking of Poyson or after the biting of some venemous Creature The Signes of the yellow Jaundice is a Yellownesse of the Body especially the whites of the Eyes and the Balls of the Checks cholerick Vomitings and Hiccoughs Lazinesse Itching of the Body and Bitternesse of the Tongue If it come from a Distemper of the Liver there preceded an Inflammation Obstruction c. If from an Obstruction of the Gall the Belly is bound and the Excrements white the Urine yellow or reddish which will dye a new piece of linnen cloth If it come from the Malignity of the Humour both the Urine and the Excrements are high coloured especially after a putrid Feaver now if the Feaver remain the Jaundice is Symptomatical If when the Jaundice appears the Feaver ceaseth the Urine and Excrements be of their natural Colour the Jaundice is critical Poyson taken and venemous Bitings the Patient can declare They who in a Feaver have the Jaundice before the seventh or critical day are in great danger the contrary if it happen on a critical day The Jaundice comming upon an Inflammation of the Liver is dangerous because the Disease commonly ends in an Imposthume if upon a Schirrus it is no lesse dangerous because that ends in the Dropsy If it come from an Obstruction of the Gall it is most easy to cure because the Passage is neer the Guts except Stones bred in the Passages be the Cause which by reason they cannot be dissolved are counted incurable For the Cure if it come from Distemper of the Liver have recourse to the aforegoing Chapters if the Jaundice be critical it needs no Cure If from the Obstruction of the Gall to cure it take away the the Obstruction which may be done by the Medicines mentioned in the Chapter Of the Obstruction of the Liver Yet least I should seem to omit any thing needfull I shall
Stomack CHAP. LVIII Of the Obstruction Inflammation and Tumor of the Spleen THe Spleen is subject to Obstruction as well as the Lâ—ver or rather more because it draweth cruder blood when thick humors stick in the substance of the Spleen it maketh an inflammation and Tumor If the humors grow thick and hard it breeds a Scirrhus If the Tumor be phlegmatick it is called Oedma which chanceth to them who live upon cold and moyst food or live in a moyst ayre But if it be soft loose puffed up it is called an inflammation or puffing of the Spleen The causes of the Obstruction Inflammation tumour of the Spleen are the same with them of the Liver Sometimes the affect seizeth on both together They are distinguished by their Signes the Obstruction of the Spleen is distinguished from the Obstruction of the Liver by the scituation of the part If the Spleen be obstructed there is heavinesse and pain in the left Hypochondrion especially after running riding or any more than ordinary exercise if you handle the hypochondrion there is resistance the face is blewish and Signes of melancholly appeare the disease is of long continuance and if it be not speedily cured it turnes to a Scirrhus The cure is performed the same way as the Obstruction of the Liver is only you must add things which particularly respect the Spleen and purge the Melancholly humor The inflammation of the Spleen likewise hath the same conjunct and antecedent cause only it is especially caused by Melancholly Blood The Diagnostick Signes are different viz the Patient hath swelling pain heavinesse and beating on the left side under the ribs thirst blacknesse of the tongue loathing of meat a constant fever troublesome lying on either side especially the right somtimes the Tumor is in the shape of the Spleen Somtimes fills the left Hypochondrion and if the adjacent parts be inflamed also it extendeth below the Navell If only Melancholly blood cause the inflammation the Tumor is harder the colour black and many times the Urine If choler be mixed with melancholly blood the thirst is greater the Fever stronger and worse every third day the mouth bitter and the Urine red great want of sleep and doting If phlegme be mixed the former symptomes are lessened The Prognostick is the same with the inflammation of the Liver only it is lesse dangerous for as much as the Liver is the nobler part If it endeth not in Death it endeth by some criticall Evacuation as by Stoole Urine or Bleeding at the left Nostrill or else it grows hard and turnes to a Schirrhus Which may be known by the causes and signes laid down in the Chapter of the Schirrhus of the Liver only it appeareth on the contrary side The cure of this and the former may be performed by the medicines laid down in the Chapters of the inflammation obstruction and Schirrhus of the Liver only make use of some things that especially respect the Spleen and purge melancholly as I hinted before Somtimes the Spleen is much pained by wind which stretcheth the Spleen and its membranes but is without fever or hardnesse It is easily distinguished from the former griefs but hardly from the Chollick by reason of the neernesse of the Gut Colon but you may distinguish them thus the pain of the Spleen is weighty and in one place but of the Chollick is stretching sharp moveable and runs over the whole Belly The Cure must be wrought by Medicines carminative emollient and discussive given internally or Clisters of the same Nature with Fomentations and Liniments made of the Oyls of Wormwood Lillyes Camomell Capers and such like adding a little of the Oyl of Spike and if the pain cease not some commend the Application of a Cupping-Glasse but be well advised first whether there be no Defluxion or Inflammation CHAP. LX. Of Hypocondriack Melancholy THis Disease hath its Originall from melancholly and adust Humours which are bred by the Distemper of the Spleen or Stomach which by reason of of their Crudity stay long in the Veins Arteries and other Passages which cause great and grievous Fermentations or Workings from whence noisome Vapours ascend to the Brain Heart and Midriff which cause divers Symptoms which I shall mention hereafter The antecedent Causes are all Meats of evill Juyce and of hard Digestion long continued Passions and Sadnesse because they disperse the Spirits and hinder Concoction and cause Credityes which being burnt by Heat turn to Melancholy Much Study Watching and want of Excercise may be the Cause by reason of much Retention of Excrements hence it is that learned men and such who sit much are troubled with this Disease The Stoppage of the Terms or Haemorrhoids may be the Cause The Diagnostick Signs of this Disease are many according to the parts affected Sometimes the Patient spitteth or vomiteth much because the Stomach concocteth ill and turneth the Nourishment into watry sharp sowr or clammy Substance which not being drawn away by the Guts ly in the Stomach and sometimes discharge themselves as aforesaid Sometimes the boiling of these Humours in the Stomach causeth flaruous Vapours which stretch the Stomach and afflict the Heart and cause Swooning These Vapours cause a Noise beneath the Ribs hence it hath been called the windy Disease Sometimes the Wind reacheth to the Kidneys and causeth great Pain there which maketh the Patient think he hath the Stone He is often costive because the clammy Humours bred by evill Concoction stick to the Guts sometimes the Sharpnesse of the Humours causeth the Belly to be soluble There is great Heat in the Hypocondria so that the Face will grow red and hot from those Vapours Sometimes the Urine is thin because thick and tartarous Humours stop the Passages sometimes thick red and troubled and hath a thick tartarous Sediment and sometimes stick to the bottom of the Urin all like Sand which causeth a Suspition of the Stone but this dissolves between the Fingers like Salt and that which is bred in the Reins is hard The Vapours ascending produce many Symptomes as Palpitation of the Heart a distempered Pulse if they ascend to the Tongue and Pallat it causeth great Thirst if to the Lungs difficulty of the Breathing if to the Membranes of the Brain Head ach if to the Brain it self Dimnesse of sight Noise in the Ears Giddinesse Fear and melancholy Phantasies if they be very sharp they sometimes cause the Falling-Sicknesse and if they settle in the Nervs Convulsion if they be stupifying they cause Numbnesse the Palsy Apoplexy c If the Vapours be hot and dry they dry the Brain and cause Watchings troublesom Sleep and frightfull Dreams Note that all these Symptoms are not to be expected in one and the same Patient but more or fewer according to the variety of the peccant Humours Prognosticks are A continual Pain and Giddinesse of the Head in a Hypocondry doth threaten an Epilepsy Apoplexy or Blindnesse and the like Thick Urine
Greek is a Disease which modern Writers call Scalding of the Urine it differs from Stranguria in this that more Water is made and with farr more pain Any thing that can wound the Sphincter-Muscle or passage of the Bladder may be the Cause The usuall Cause is either a mixture of sharp Humours with the Urine or sometimes the sharpnesse of the Urine caused by the eating of hot and sharp Meats or by the hot Distemper of the Bowels Liver or other parts or from evill Concoction in the Stomach or Liver by which the Blood is not freed from salt and tartarous Humours which being sucked to the Kidneys is sent to the Bladder causeth pain Filthy Matter comming from an Ulcer in the Reins or Bladder may be the Cause he who is troubled with a Gonorrhaea or Running of the Reins is seldom free from scalding Urine To conclude the Stone or large Gravel may be the Cause The Knowledge of this Disease is evident the Signes of the Causes are easily gathered If it be caused by the Stone Inflammation or Gonorrhaea it is known by their proper Signes If from sharpnesse of Urine by the mixture of Humours the Urine will be thin and high coloured or in it will appear a mixture of Choller Phlegm or Matter the Patient hath eaten hot things or else hath some hot Distemper This Disease is not very dangerous unlesse it continue long and ulcerateth the Neck of the Bladder Sometimes it is hard to be cured especially if the Patient be old The Cure must be wrought by taking away the Cause If a mixture of sharp Humours make the Vrine sharp first make use of Phlebotomy which is good to correct the hot Distemper of the Liver and other parts make use of this Evacuation as often as the Patient's Constitution will bear and the Distemper require then to derive it from the part affected open the lower Veins Then purge with Cassia Manna Rubarb Mirabolans Tamarinds and such things which purge gently if you give it with the Decoction of Plantane Mallows Lettice Purslane and the like it will be the better A gentle Vomit is much commended as a good Revulsion Cooling Clisters are good Inwardly the Whey of Goats milk or Mineral Waters that cool are good for ordinary drink Or this Julep Take of the Roots of Marsh and common Mallows of each one Ounce Lettice Endive Purslane and Violet Leavs of each one Handfull Jujubes and Sebestens of each one Ounce of the four great cold Seeds a Drachm the flowers of Violets Roses and water-Lillyes of each one Pugil boil them in Spring Water to a Pint and an half strain it and add of Jujubes Violets and Poppyes of each one Ounce and an half Oyl of Vitriol twenty Drops make a Julep for four Doses to be taken Morning and Evening If there be no Feaver give Milk by it self The Troches of Winter Cherryes is good If the pain be very great let the Patient when he maketh Water put his Yard into warm Milk or a Decoction of Mallows and other cooling Herbs Or inject Milk Plantane-Water or an Emulsion of the cold Seeds into the Passage Baths and Fomentations made of cool Herbs are good and if the Privities be anointed with Unguentum Populeon the Oyl or Unguent of Roses Oyl of Lillyes and the like it profiteth If the Liver Reins or other parts by their Heat be the Cause use Medicines that are good to cool them If the Liver be too hot bleed the Haemorrhoids or make an Issue in the right Leg. If it come from the Stone Inflammation or Vlcer of the Bladder or Kidneys cure them according to the Rules in their proper Chapters but the cooling Medicines before mentioned are good to allay the Symptomes CHAP. LXX Of Pissing of Blood THough Blood may come from divers parts of the Body to the Passages of the Vrine yet I shall here speak onely of that bloody Vrine which is made from the defect of the Reins or Bladder The usual Causes are much sharp Blood which corrodeth the Veins or plenty of Blood which bursteth them Sometimes a Stone in the Reins or Bladder being moved by Riding or violent Excercise by its roughnesse teareth the part A Fall or Stroak vehement Motion lifting or carrying may break a Vein Sometimes the Weakness of the Reins being not able to divide the Vrine from the Blood may cause this Disease This Disease is apparent to the Senses for when Blood is mixed with the Vrine it appeareth like Water wherein Flesh hath been washed with Clods of Blood at the bottom if it stayes too long in the Bladder it looks black The place that is pained shews the part affected If it come from the Reins it is more mixed with the Urine then if it come from the Bladder If it come from the Bladder it is in a lesser Quantity If it come from the Stone in the Kidneys or Bladder the Signes mentioned in their proper Chapters will appear If it come from Repletion or Sharpnesse of Humours the Abundance of Blood Choller Melancholy or such Humours appear in the Body If it come by a Blow Fall violent Exercise c. the Patient is able to inform This Disease if it be violent and continue long is very dangerous for sometimes the Patient falleth into a Consumption sometimes into the Dropsy Sometimes it causeth a Stoppage of Urine and sometimes an Vlcer breedeth in the place from whence the Blood Floweth If Blood or sharp Humours abound begin the Cure with blood-letting after a while for derivation let the Haemorrhoids and the Saphaena or Ancle-Vein be opened Then purge the chollerick Humours with those Medicines that are prescribed in the 30 Chapter Of Spitting of Blood After you have purged sufficiently give things that knit the Veins and stop Blood For this purpose give four or five Ounces of the Juyce of Plantane and a Scruple of the Troches of Amber or of Gordonius Morning and Evening Forestus in his Observations doth much commend Sheeps Milk six Ounces with one Drachm of Bolearmenick is the Dose The Decoction of Knot-grasse Purslane Horse-Tail Comphry roots Plantane Pomgranats Quinces and the like Likewise the Powder of red Coral Blood-Stone Sanguis Draconis Terra Sigillata given with the Water or Juyce of Plantane is good Giye cooling Juleps to allay the Heat of the Blood Apply such things to the Loins as cool and astringe thus Take of the Roots of Bistort Comphry and Clowns-Wound-Wort of each one Ounce Horse-Tail Plantane Purslane Knot grasse and Shepherds purse of each one Handfull Pomgranate peels half an Ounce Sumach Myrtle Berryes and Hypocystis of each two Drachms Acorn cups red and yellow Sanders of each one Drachm red Roses three pugils boil them in Smith's Water and Vinegar therewith soment the Reins Then anoint the Loins with Unguentum Comitissae and Refrigerans Galeni and if you would have it bind more add the juyce of Plantane or such like Sanguis Draconis c. Then wear a
thin plate of Lead about the Reins pricked full of holes Let the Patient's ordinary drink be Beer in which is tunned Mastick-wood sliced and cut small Plantane and the Herbs before named If the Liver be distempered with Heat conferr with the 53 Chapter If the Stone or Gravell be the Cause use no strong Diureticks because they provoke the Flux but that which I have known very effectuall in this case I shal here commend and put an end to the Chapter Take of the four greater and lesser cold Seeds of each one Drachm Quince Seeds half a Drachm the Seeds of Marsh-Mallows white Poppy and Winter Cherryes of each one Scruple make an Emulsion with the Decoction of Marsh-Mallows and give two three or four spoonsuls in the Morning and if you add a little Oyl of Vitrioll it will be the better Venice Turpetine made into Pills with the Powder of Rubarb half a Drachm taken in the Morning doth gently cleanse the Reins CHAP. LXXI Of the Green-sicknesse THis Disease is called by some the Virgins Disease the white Feaver the white Jaundice but vulgarly the Green-sicknesse It is an evill habit of the Body proceeding from the Obstruction of the Veins about the Womb Liver Spleen and Mesentery causing a heavinesse unweildinesse of the whole Body difficulty of Breathing panting of the Heart and Head-Ach a desire after Food that is evil and a loathing of good The Veins about the Womb being obstructed that Blood which Nature hath ordained to go thither having not free passage runs upwards and oppresseth the Heart Liver Spleen Diaphragma stops the Vessels and destroys the naturall Heat hence it cometh to passe that the Stomach and Bowels cannot concoct well as they ought to do so Crudityes are dispersed throughout the body and make an evill Habit. Sometimes by this means the Hypocondria is swelled which depressing the Diaphragma causeth Shortnesse of Breath This grosse Blood being carried in the great Artery to the Heart which least it should be suffocated by it labours for its deliverance often moving of its Arteryes causeth a Palpitation and Beating of the Temples The Stomach by this means being filled with Crudityes and excrementitious Humours causeth a Loathing of Food and a desire after such things which ought not to be eaten as Salt Chalk Coals Ashes Oat-meal Wheat Tobacco-Pipes c. which Disease is called Pica Malacia and we have spoken of it in the 35 Chapter of this Book This Obstruction is caused many wayes as drinking cold Drink to Bedward eating raw or unripe Fruits Some go to Feasts and upon a full Stomach dancing and sporting all Night disturb the naturall Frame of the Body and want Rest others sleep too much and sit long at their work as Seamsters Bonelace-makers and the like By these and the like means Concoction is hurt the naturall Heat is extinguished and the Body filled with crude Excrements and thick slimy Humours which cause Obstructions This Disease is easily known and you may know the diseased if you do but veiw their Faces which are pale and white sometimes of a Lead colour blew or green the Face and Eye-lids the Legs and Feet swelled The whole Body is unweildy and lazy When the body is stirred by Exercise or Walking especially going up a hill or steep place there followeth Palpitation of the Heart and Shortnesse of Breath Beating in the Temples and great Head-Ach behind if the Womb be obstructed before if the Hypocondria be afflicted there is great loathing of wholesome Meat and desiring the contrary the Pulfe is swift and quick as in a Feaver and when the Disease comes to the hight the Terms are stopped This Disease continueth a long time yet is seldom dangerous sometimes by long continuance it breeds Corruption in the naturall parts Dropsyes Feavers Consumptions which end in Death If the Veins of the Womb onely are obstructed a Husband will cure her Women that have a long time been in this condition bring forth weak and sickly Children and sometimes they are barren This Disease is cured by opening the Obstructions evacuating the filthy Humours and strengthning of the parts The Obstructions are opened by such Medicines as are mentioned in the cure of the Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen you may add to them such things which respect the Womb as Mugwort Fetherfew Pennyroyall c. If the Spleen be obstructed add such things which are proper for that as Caper-bark Ceterack Spleenwort c. Open the Saphaena or Ancle-Vein but first if the Maid be full of Blood open a Vein in the Arm. Then purge often with such Medicines as are prescribed in the Cure aforenamed and make use of such Medicines as powerfully open Obstructions there prescribed Zacutus Lusitanus doth much commend the Conserve of Mugwort given thirty dayes together drinking after it a little of the distilled Water of Savin in which Rubarb hath been infused The Salt of Mugwort is very good and Faecula Brioniae mixed with the Conserve hath an effectuall and powerfull operation If the Obstructions are stubborn and not easily opened make a Bath thus Take of the Roots of Marsh-Mallows Briony Elder and Lillyes of each two pound Balm Fethersew Mallows Mercury Maddir Mugmort Nep Pennyrorall and Violets of each three Handfulls the Seed of Flax and Fenugreek of each two Ounces boil them in a sufficient Quantity of Water and let the Patient bathe her self in the Morning and Evening two dayes let the Decoction be renewed the second day The next day open the Vein under the Ancle if the Terms be stopped as for the most part they are in this Disease then give Medicines that powerfully open Obstructions when you find that the Obstructions are opened which you may easily perceive by the decay of the aforenamed Symptoms then you must discusse the peccant Humours that remain in the Veins and other parts of the Body by Sweats for which you must use the Decoction of Guajacum in cold constitutions or of China and Sarfa in those that are hot In the mean while every fourth or fifth day give a purge to cleanse the Body of the crude Humours which cannot be sent forth by Sweat CHAP. LXXII Of the Stoppage of the Terms MEnsium Suppressio or the Terms stopped is when a Woman of ripe Age hath little or no Evacuation of Blood by the Womb once in a Month yet gives not suck nor is with Child Divers Diseases of the Womb may cause this Suppression viz. A cold and dry Distemper which thickneth and bindeth the Womb. A hot and dry Distemper dryeth the part Inflammation Tumor Ulcer or Erosion of the mouths of the Vessels in Abortion or Tumor in the adjacent parts by compression may cause this Stoppage The Vessels of the Womb may be obstructed by thick and phlegmatick Humours or they may be compressed by a Tumor in the parts adjacent The cause may be in the Blood when it offends in Quantity Quality or Motion in Quantity when there is
in the Blood A continuall Tertian doth every third day afflict the Patient more then ordinary and is caused by cholerick Humours putrifying in the Vena Cava And it is caused by all things that may breed Choller as violent Exercise hot and dry Air Fasting Watching Meats hot and dry and a hot and dry Distemper of the Liver A Quoridian continuing is a putrifying of phlegmatick Humours in the Veins and afflicts the Patient more then ordinary every day and doth for the most part assail phlegmatick persons and because Phlegm is not easily putrifyed this kind of Feaver is seldom seen The continuall Quartane is that which hath its Exacerbations or Fits every fourth day and it is caused by the Putrefaction of Melancholy in the Vena cava and is caused of any thing that breeds Melancholy and causeth it to putrify Of these Feavers there are accidentall differences raised from their distinct Symptomes First Febris ardens or a burning Feaver which is accompanied with these Symptomes viz. an ardent burning Heat and an unquenchable Thirst which is also divided into two sorts a Legitimate or bastard burning Feaver a Synochus ardens and Ardens periodica and they differ one from the other only as the Choller causing them is more or lesse sharp and neerer or farther from the heart A Second sort is Febris Colliquans a melting Feaver which in regard of the greatness of the Heat doth melt the fat and Flesh and sometimes the Blood and dissolveth it by insensible Transpiration Sweat Urine or Stool It is caused by a sharp thin and cholerick Matter vehemently inflamed unto which is joyned many times a malignant and pestilent Quality The third sort is called Febris Horrifica in which the Patient is troubled with shaking Firs and it is caused by chollerick and phlegmatick Humours mingled together which being unequally moved stirreth up quaking either because the thin and sharp Humours do twitch the sensible membranous parts or the inflamed Choller putrifying puts in Motion the Crudityes or else Nature doth seek to shake off the crude undigested Humours by this means thâ— Heat being driven back to the Center the extream parts of the Body become cold and afterwards the Heat comming forth again they grow hot Fourthly there is another kind called Assades Febris in which the Patient is very unquiet tumbleth and tosseth and is sick in his Stomach and vomiteth The fifth sort is callâ—d Elodes in which the Patient by reason of Putrefaction Malignity of Humours continually sweateth by which the Substance of the Body is wasted The sixth sort is Febris Syncopalis because the Patient often swoons faints away it is caused by thin sharp venemous Choller or by Phlegm or abundance of Crudityes together with a weakness of the Stomach The last sort is Epiala Febris in which the Patient is sensible of Heat Cold at one and the same time and this is caused by glassy Phlegm mingled with bitter Choller the Phlegm causeth a Sense of Cold and the Choller of Heat or else it is caused by glassy Phlegm alone partly putrified and partly void of Putrefaction For glassy and tough Phlegm doth not quickly putrify but by degrees and that which is not putrified following that which is putrified hence comes a Sense of Cold from the first and Heat from the latter There are yet other sorts of accidentall differences of continuall Feavers which are called Symptomatick Feavers which arise from the Inflammation and Putrefaction of the Humours in some of the Bowels and of this kind are those Feavers which accompany the Frenzy the Plurisy Squinzy the Inflammation of the Lungs or Liver and other Inflammations Ulcers or Imposthumes of the internall parts and may be known by the defects of the parts which cause them Yet take this Caution that all these Feavers which accompany these Diseases are not Symptomaticall but sometimes essentiall and precede the Disease as is commonly seen that one may be sick three or four dayes of a continuall Feaver before any pain in the side or Symptome of the Pleurisy appear the samâ— you may find preceding the other Diseases and is an Observation worth note and of great Moment in the practise of Physick There are other peculiar and extraordinary Causes which many times happen of which Zechius propoundeth an extraordinary example of a certain Infant scarce two years old who had a continuall Feaver attended with grievous Symptomes viz. Unquietnesse Convulsions and Vomitings the externall parts were cold and the internall parts burned with Heat for which cause they judged that some Malignity was joyned to the Feaver which is seldom accompanied with such Symptomes at length the cause was found to arise from Blood putrifying in the Stomach for the Infant being Tongue-tied and a little before cut by a Chirurgeon the Veins beingcut shed Blood which for want of care fell into the Stomach after the taking of Oyl of sweet Almonds it vomited clotted Blood then by the help of a Clister it voided more downwards and the Feaver and its Symptomes ceased These Feavers are known to be continuall by their Continuity and the Putrefaction is known by a more sharp and biting Heat then ordinary the Pulse is great quick and unequall the Systole is quicker then the Diastole because Nature doth more strive to expel the sooty Vapours then to draw in cold Air. The Fit beginneth with a cold Shaking or some of these Symptomes viz. Wearinesse Watching troubled Sleeps difficult Breathing Pain of the Head and Stomach Plenty of Excrements Yawning and Retching when it comes to the height these Symptoms are heightned and seconded with Giddinesse Ravings Hiccoughs Heart-burning Thirst and Blacknesse and Roughness of the Tongue Particular Signs demonstrate peculiar differences The Synochus putrida hath the same Signs which are proper to Synochus simplex but more vehement Signs of a Feaver from Choller are burning Pain the Pulse swift and quick a fiery and crude Urine without Sediment at the beginning chollerick Vomits and Stools Thirst and Bitternesse of the Mouth Drinesse and Blacknesse of the Tongue Want of Sleep Raving and the like A Synochus putrida differs from a Synochus biliosa in this that the first hath Fits every third day the other keeps the same Tenor. A continuall Quotidian is known by these Signes the Heat at first is more mild afterwards more sharp the Pulse is not so quick nor great as in the former the Urine is at first white and troubled afterwards red and thick little Thirst no Sweat unlesse salt Phlegm abound the Face is swelled bloat and of a Lead Colour and all Signs of Phlegm appear A continuall Quartane is known by this that the Symptomes are not so violent as in the chollerick Feaver and sharper then in the phlegmatick or Quotidian An appearance of cold dry melancholy-Symptomes and the Fits invade the Patient more then ordinary every fourth day The burning Feaver is known by the Signes of a Feaver proceeding from Choller A melting Feaver is
Citrons These Powders are pood of Corall Pearls Ivory Harts-horn Diamargaritum frigidum Diatriasantalon Diarrhodon Abbatis Confectio Alchermes and de Hyacintho with these may the Ingenious make Electuaryes or other Compositions according to Art CHAP. LXXXVI Of the Hectick Feaver AN hectick Feaver occupies the solid parts of the Body as well as the Spirits it is an unnaturall Heat of which the Patient is scarce sensible This Feaver is either primary and begins of it self or secundary and followeth some other Feaver Some begin at the Heart and some at other parts as the Lungs Liver Spleen Kidneys Womb or other parts inflamed The causes of this Feaver are externall or internall Externall causes are all that may occasion any of the other Feavers The Internall Causes are burning and pestilentiall Feavers which do speedily consume the Moisture of the Heart or some lingring Feaver An Inflammation Ulcer Putrefaction of any of the inward parts may cause an hectick Heaver An hectick Feaver is known easily because it is continuall without encreasing or decreasing saving a little after Meat the Pulse is little frequent and quick the Arteryes are hotter then the other parts the Urine appeareth as of a healthy man but after long continuance there is an Oyl swims on the top and a Sediment like to Meal which signifieth the Wasting of the Body An hectick Feaver may be cured unlesse it be neglected till it come to the height that is when the Eyes are hollow dry with dry Excrements the Bones stick out and the Colour of the Face is gone the Skin is dry and the Midriff so contracted as if the Patient had no Guts then it is incurable If the hectick Feaver depend upon the Disease of any other part the Cure must be directed to that Discase and if it be joyned with any other Disease respect must be had to that Disease The Cure of the hectick consisteth more in a due observance of Diet then in Medicines His Diet must be cool moisten and soon nourish as Chicken Broths or Broth made of Hens Capons Veal Kid Mutton in which boil French Barly Lettice Endive Succory Sorrell Burrage Purslane and such like The Flesh of young Hares Pheasants and young Partridges are good Panados Water Gruell Barly cream Rice pottage with Almonds or the cold Seeds Boiled Meat is better then rosted and if the Patient eateth rosted Meat let Oranges and Lemmons be his Sauce For his Diet likewise may be prepared Gellyes made of Capons Knuckles of Veal and Mutton Calves Feet Sheeps Feet and such like adding Herbs or other Ingredients that are cooling moistning and cordiall New laid Egs boiled rear are good and of Fruit Apples are much commended especially Pippins because they breed cold Blood For his drink let him use Barly Water with cooling Sirrups Galen approveth of cold Water with which he saith he hath saved many from the Marasmos which is the Consumption of the radicall Moisture of the Body which commonly followeth this Disease Great care is to be used in the giving of cold Water to decayed people lest the heat of the Patient should be wholly extinguished Motion and much Stirring and Labour is not good yet a little Exercise before Meat may be allowed of But above all Excrcises let him beware of the Under-sheet Let his Sleep be moderated if he be costive provoke a Stool by a Suppository or gentle Clisters Purges are not to be allowed of because the Body hath more need of repairing then weakning yet if the Body be full of Excrements you may venture to give gentle Purgers as Cassia Manna c. Cooling and altering Juleps such as are prescribed in the Chapter before going the Patient make use of but let him beware of the too frequent use of them lest they diminish his Heat too much Such Epithems Unguents or Oyles mentioned in the aforegoing Chapter are good to temper the Heat of the Lover Lastly such Medicines mentioned in the former Chapter as strengthen Nature and revive the Spirits may be used and there is need enough thereof The worst Symptome that can attend this Disease is a Loosenesse if it so happen give Goats or Cows Milk wherein Steel hath been quenched or Rice boild in it or Sirrup of Quinces given with the Decoction of French Barly parched or such like CHAP. LXXXVII Of the Tertian Ague THis Disease is divided into an Exquisite and Bastard Tertian the exquisite is terminated in 12 hours but a bastard lasteth lenger if it exceed twenty four hours it is called Tertiana extensa a Tertian extended The Tertian Ague is Simple Double or Triple the Simple is that which cometh every other day the Double Tertian cometh every day and shall be distinguished from the Quotidian in its proper place and sometimes the Patient hath two Fits in one day The Triple Tertian is when the Patient hath three Fits in two dayes Choller and such things as engender it are the cause of this Disease viz. a hot and dry Distemper of the Spleen youthfull Age hot Air Watchings Cares Anger Fastings use of hot Meats and overmuch Exercise Those that have hot Livers that eat and drink liberally and such things as breed Crudityes Phlegm and melancholy Humours are subject to bastard Tertians by reason of the Mixture of Choller with the Crudityes The exquisite Tertian doth alwayes begin with shaking the Quotidian begins with a light Shivering or Coldnesse After the cold Fit followeth great Heat sharp biting and intolerable Thirst and sometimes all the Symptomes of a putrid Tertian Feaver In the bastard Tertian all the foregoing Signes appear but more remisse and more vehement then a Quotidian according as more or lesse Phlegm is mingled with the Choller this Disease cometh nearer to a Quotidian or exquisite Tertian A Legitimate Tertian seldom lasteth above seven dayes and is not dangerous unlesse some Malignity be joyned with it and the Patient be of a healthy constitution and temperate in eating and drinking judg the contrary if the Patient is otherwise qualifyed If the Patient's Lips break out with Scabs or if he fall into a Loosenesse these are good Signes for Nature is turning out the Enemy To work the Cure a cooling Diet must be appointed and withall moistning such as hath been prescribed in the Cure of continuall Feavers the same you must observe in the double Tertian But in the bastard and Single Tertian a fuller Diet is to be observed What ever the Patient â—ateth let him eat nothing before the Fit two or three hours that there may be a digesture but it is good if he go to Stool before the Fit to help the same give a Clister Clisters in an exquisite Tertian must be made of emollient and cooling Decoctions adding Cassia Catholicon Diaprunum lenitive and solutive c. In a bastard Tertian let the Decoction be emollient and cutting and dissolve in it Diaphaenicon Hony of Roses c. Purgatives ought to be the same for the exquisite Tertian as for the continuall
ordered his Diet give him a gentle Purgation by Clister Take of Mallows Camomill Mercury and Beets of each one Handfull Polypody of the Oak an Ounce and an half Epithimum half an Ounce of the four greater cold Seeds and of Annis and Fennell of each two Drachms boil it in Posset drink to a Pint strainit dissolve therein Catholicon and Hony of Roses of each one Ounce the Oyls of Violets and Camomill of each one Ounce and an half mix all and make a Clister Then purge the Melancholy Humour by some gentle Medicine beware of a strong purge in the beginning before Concoction lest you inflame the Humours and turn the Disease to a continuall or at least to a Double or Triple Quartane Make a gentle Purgation thus Take of Fumitory Buglosse Maiden-hair of each one Handfull Polypody of the Oak Liquorish and sweet Fennell Seed of each half an Ounce boil them when they are boiled infuse or gently boil half an Ounce of Senna till the Liquor come to three or four Ounces dissolve therein Manna and Sirrup of Roses of each one Ounce for a Potion give it the next day after the Clister After purgeing open a Vein in the left Arm unlesse you find the Liver out of order then you must open a Vein in the right Arm if the Blood be black and impure draw the more Most do let Blood upon the well-day some will have it done on the Fit-day before the Fit because the Humours then begin to stirr Zacutus Lusitanus will have it done when the Moon is at the full because by the Moons Influence the earthy and melancholy Humour is made more fluid and apt to come away It is good to open the Haemorrhoids if your Patient hath been inclinable to that Evacuation if your Patient be a Woman provoke the Menstrues if they be stopped and open the Saphaena The opening of the Vena Salvatella is much approved of Likewise you must make Decoctions Broths or Juleps to prepare and concoct the Humours for which purpose these Simples are good viz. the five opening Roots and the Root of Succory Liquorish and Buglosse Bark of Tamarisk The Leavs of Burrage Buglosse Ceterach Maiden-hair Fumitory Germander ground-Pine Wormwood and Century the three cordiall Flowers of these you may make Decoctions and sweeten them with Sirrupus Bizantius or Sirrup of Maiden-hair After the use of these preparatives purge the melancholy Humour and between the dayes you purge give a Clister this observing that you often change your Medicines and continue in the course a long time for the melancholy Humour is not soon evacuated and that is the reason that so few are cured of this Disease because few will observe the Rule of the Physitian or have patience to take his Medicines Vomits in the beginning of this Feaver are commended by all of Asarum a Drachm given in white-Wine is of an excellent Faculty In the declination of the Disease Diaphoreticks may be given to discusse the reliques of the Disease the Decoction of the Roots of China Sarsa are good and Venice-Treacle hath great virtue You may anoint the back-Bone with a Liniment made of some of these Oyls viz. of Dill Camomill Orice Costus Rue Bayes and Spike in a small Quantity mixing with them Treacle Cloves Mustard Seed Castoreum and the like of these an ingenious Man may compound a Liniment to anoint the Back bone one hour before the Fit then lay him to Bed and lay hot Tyles wrapt in cloaths to his Feet and Hands and lay him in a Sweat To conclude great care ought to be had of the Spleen for in this Disease the Spleen is disaffected and obstructed The 59 Chapter will furnish you with such Medicines CHAP. XC Of the Pestilence HAving briefly treated of most Diseases that the Body of man is incident to I thought it convenient to write a word or two of the Pestilence But considering how many larger Treatises thereof are at this day extant I could have willingly omitted it but hoping my Mite will not onely be acceptable but beneficiall I thought good to epitomize this as well as the rest This Disease afflicteth Nature not onely by a bare Distemper or Heat arising from Putrefaction but also by a malignant and venemous Quality by which means it becomes popular and epidemicall Before we goe any farther know that those Feavers which we call malignant or pestilentiall vulgarly spotted Feavers are of the same kind with the Pestilence and are cured by the same means The causes of the Pestilence are either internall or externall the internall causes are immediate or mediate The Immediate cause is a Corruption of the Humours with Putrefaction the venemous Quality is bred of Corruption and from Putrefaction the Feaver is bred The Mediate causes are Fulnesse of Blood which Nature cannot master but easily turnes to Putrefaction Abundance of evill Humours is easily corrupted and putrified to these joyn Obstructions which is a great means to breed such Diseases for such Humours close shut up in the Body and having no Evacuation not Transspiration must of necessity putrify But Obstruction is not a principall cause of this Disease for the venemous Quality is received by drawing in of the Air by which Venom the Humours are changed from their naturall condition and of their own accord putrify The externall Causes are First the Air which becomes hurtfull to men first if it be not blown through with wholesome Winds as Hippocrates observeth speaking of a grievous pestilentiall year that in that year there were few Winds Secondly the Air may be vitious by putrid Exhalations as of Lakes Pools Fish-ponds or other standing Waters or from Bodyes unburied which have been slain in Battail Thirdly the Air may become hurtfull by Excesse or the praeposterous condition of the first Qualityes as Excesse of Heat Cold Drithe or Moisture of which I could lay down manifold Examples which befit not my small Volume Inequalityes of Seasons must be acknowledged as a cause when it is sometimes hot and sometimes cold sometimes dry and suddenly Moisture follows one while vehemently hot and suddenly very cold or after a violent wet and moist time a sudden and extream Drouth a hot Winter and a cold Summer Next to vitious Air is a bad Aliment and Diet when the Fruits of the Earth by a bad Temperature of the Air are corrupted or when by reason of Scarcity the Poor are fain to feed on unwholesome Diet whence the proverb came the Plague followeth the Famine or a great Plenty following a Famine when the poor gorge themselves which for want of Heat and a good Disposition of Body cannot be digested but turns to Putrefaction Add to these the malignant Influence of Saturn Jupiter and Mars in humane Signes by which the Constitution of the Air and the Bodyes of men are changed and corrupted for all Philosophers by common consent acknowledge that inferiour Be dyes are governed by the heavenly Constellations To this kind we must add
an Electuary and take a Scruple or two in the Morning For the cure of those that are sick let the same course of Diet be observed as was prescribed in continuall Feavers and it the body be plethorick open a Vein How much bloud to take away and how often to bleed let prudence be your director If you judge it necessary apply Cupping-glasses to the shoulders back and hips and vesicatories applyed to the neck and Arm-pits and Groyns are seldome without admirable successe and a Cataplasme of Snails or Radishes laid to the feet are good First altering Juleps are good to prepare the humours made of such things as are prescribed for the Cure of continual Feavers to which add Antidotes which have a specifick property to fight against the venemous quality as the roots of Tormentill Cinkfoil Scorzonera white Thistle the leaves of Scordium Carduus Scabious Meddow-sweet Flowers of Marigolds Lemons and Citrons Odoriferous Apples Harts-horn the juice or Syrrup of Lemons Pomegranats Citrons Vinegar the spirit of Sulphur and Vitriol In the whole course of the cure Antidotes must be given of which there are four sorts or degrees the first resist the venemous quality and besides are cold dry and astringent by which they strengthen the Heart hinder putrefaction and the venom from spreading over the body of this sort are Bolearmenick Terra Sigillata the roots of Bistort Cinkfoil Tormentill c. The second sort by their coldnesse and tenuity do resist putrefaction and restrain the venemous quality as the juice of Lemons spirit of Sulphur and Vitrioll and all other acid things The third sort are such as are hot and Diaphoretick which expel the venome from the Center to the Circumference from the Heart to the outward parts by sweat and of this sort are Angelica Zedoary Dictamnus Meddow-sweet Scordium Carduus Scabious Treacle Mithridate Treacle-water The last sort are such as by a speciall quality without excesse do oppose the venemous quality as Bezoar-stone Harts-horn Unicorns-horn Troches of Vipers and such like Of these and Simples of the like nature may many Medicines be composed which must be diversly varied and mixed according to the different degree of malignity and putrefaction according to the intension and remission of the Feaver according to the divers Temperaments Sex and Age of the Patient the determination of which depends not upon any certain rules but upon the Prudence and head-piece of an able Physitian In the Malignant and spotted Feaver if putrefaction be greater then the vonemous quality the medicines of the first second or fourth order do best agree in the beginning and Augment of the Feaver and those of the third viz. Diaphoreticks and sweating medicines in the declination but if it be the Plague and the venemous quality exceed the putrefaction let Diaphoreticks be used first as for the forms of particular medicines let the Physitian vary them according to the different degree of heat putrefaction and malignity Let the Physitian take care to strengthen the Heart also by outward applications of Cordiall Epithems and let the Carbuncles and Borches be suppurated broken and healed by the expert Chirurgious Art CHAP. XCI Of the Small Pox and Measels THe Feaver which attends the Small Pox and Measels may be justly termed Pestilential for it is epidemicall contagious and many times mortall I need not write any thing of the difference between these two viz. Pox and Measols for every Woman knows it There is another sort of Pustules come out upon children like bladders without inflammation or rednesse and without a Feaver some Physitians call it the Crystalls we call it the Blisters The cause of the small Pox and Measells was in the Mothers Bloud with which the child was nourished in the Womb and is hence chiefly gathered because among thousands of men it is hard to find one who once in his life hath not had these diseases For in the blood be it never so pure some impurities are found which doth communicate pollution to the parts of the child and defile the Masse of bloud and being provoked by some occasion viz. a certain disposition of Ayre proportionable to the disease the bloud boils and purifieth it self and the parts and the impurity is cast forth Understand that these impurities do not substantially remain in the body for then they would corrupt in a little time but an evill quality is by them imprinted upon the parts When this ebullition beginneth the excrement is twofold either thin or thick if thin the Measels follow if thick the small Pox. And another reason is this Sometimes the Air is inclinable to the one and sometimes to the other Again the Pox is either Perfective or corruptive the Perfective is when the corrupt impure and excrementitious part of the bloud is cast forth by nature the rest remaining pure and the Patient is restored without Physick the corruptive Pox is not onely the corrupt bloud purged forth but the most pure bloud corrupted which is occasioned by a malignant constitution of the Ayre and so produceth a dangerous and Epidemicall Pox which is sometimes a forerunner of the Plague In respect of the naturall constitution of the body they come forth more or lesse sooner or later and sometimes they seize upon the internal as well as external parts as the throat Lungs Guts Liver Spleen c. Signes which declare the Pox at hand are pain in the head and beating about the Temples troubled and terrified in sleep sometimes ravings and Convulsions hoarsnesse cough and difficulty of breathing heat and pricking all over the body pain of the back shining before the eyes the face red and swelled If they come out soon and easily ripen there is no danger the same judge if the symptomes are not great and the voice and breathing is free If they come out red afterwards white round pointed and outwardly in the skin there is no danger The contrary to these are signs of a deadly and dangerous Pox viz. a great Feaver which is not abated at their comming out difficulty of breathing great thirst a loosnesse or bloody flux because the malignant humours have their recourse inward which is contrary to nature a bloudy Urine or stool bleeding at the Nose Gums or other parts are commonly deadly signs for they signify the extream acrimony and malignancy of the Bloud that nature is forced to void it in such a preposterous way Pox long comming out shews the contumacy of the Humour or Weaknesse of Nature if they be many great double and united they shew abundance of Humours hard ones shew the Thickness of the Matter flat ones shew the Weakness of the expulsive Faculty if there be a black Spot in the middle it shews the malignity of the Humours the like judge if they be green blewish or black and they are all bad Signes but it is worse if they sink go in and the Tumor falleth for it signifieth the Retirement of the Humours inward and few in this
Creature which inflicted the Wound were not venemous the pain is less and the danger not so great and the Cure easily performed by ordinary Medicines CHAP. IV. Of a Wound in the Nerves Tendons Ligaments Veins and Arteries VVHether Nerve Tendon c. are wounded may be easily conjectured and how and with what weapon it was done the Patient will be able tâ— inform If a Sinew be burnt there is great pain hurt both of sense and motion sometimes a Feaver Inflammation Convulsion or raving a breach or wound of a Vein or Artery is known by profusion of bloud But whether the Vein or Arterie be wounded their proper figns must distinguish viz. the bloud black and thick with an equal fluxion sheweth a wounded Vein but if the bloud be thin and yellow and cometh forth leaping like the motion of the Pulse then is the Artery wounden The Nervous Ligaments will endure Medicines of great force If in Wounds of this nature a Tumor appear and afterwards vanish away it threatneth danger of Convulsion and Raving If a Nerve be wounded overthewart and not cut alunder it brings the move peril of Convulsion An Artery cut overthwart is sooner joyned together then if it were severed longwise An Artery cut is harder to cure then a Vein Flux of bloud is peril lous especially of an Artery for unless it be stopped it bringeth death unavoidably Swooning Convulsion Raving c. in this case is an evil token For the Cure if the Nerve be priekt begin thus If there be any weapon or any outward thing sticking in the Wound let it be removed and keep the part from in jury if you fear inflammation open a Vein Let him lye in a warm Room on a soft bed and keep the body loose by Clisters or laxative Medicines regulated according to the nature of the humour peccant Let his Diet be sparing and small Beer his Drink Let him lye as free from motion as may be let not the cold Air which is inimical to the Sinews afflict him not too hot Air for fear of inflammation Keep the Wound oren if it be not wide enough makeit wider then use such Medicines that may ease the pain and draw forth the eruginous and fretting matter Medicines which heat and dry without pain is good in this case as the Oyl of Turpetine Ireos Sage Elder or Water wherein Salt and Turpetine hath been boyled the Oyl of Earth-Worms and of the yolks of Eggs mixed or the Oyl of Roses and Turpetine or the Oyl of Turpetine and of Savine mixed or Euphorbium one drachm boiled in two Ounces of Oyl For which purpose this Plaister is good Take of the Roots of Marshmallows the Meal of Barley Beans and Lentils of eaeh a like quantity as much as you think good boil them in Lye then put to it Oyl of Roses Camomel Dill and Turpetine of each sufficient and a little Saffron so make a Plaister If the Wound will come to suppuration heal it forward and afterwards mundify it If the Nerve be cut after you have observed the asorelaid general Rules joyn the Nerve then apply this Medicine Take of Karth-worms prepared three drachms Horstail two drachms Betony and Nettles in powder of each one drachm Olibanum three drachms encorporate them with the slesh of Snails beaten and apply it four days laying on some Glutinative Unguent Take of the lesser Century Plantane Hounds-tongue Mouse ear both the Consonds Horse tail and Yarrow of each one handsal Earth-worms a pound and an half Oyl and Wine of each one pound and an half Vinegar sour ounces stamp them and let them infuse 7 dayes then add the Suet of a Ram one peund Pitch and Rozin of each sour ounces boil them to the consumption of the Wine and Vinegar add to the straining Ammoniacum Gathanum Opaponax dissolved in Vinegar of each 5 drachms Turpemine one ounce and an half Frankincense Maslick and Sarcocol of each three drachms Of Saffron two ounces Wax as much as needeth to make an Unguent Both these are much commended by Jacobus Weckerus If the Vein or Artery be cut you must first labour to stanch the bloud Secondly to cure the Wound First the bloud may be stanched either with or wit hs out Evacuation With Evacuation is to open a Vein on the contrary part and sometimes near the Wound and to let it fly and suddainly stop it again To stay the bloud without Evacuation must be performed by cupping with scarrifying binding and rubbing of the contrary part Secondly you must bridle the furious course of in by things that thicken cool and astonish Things which thicken the bloud are Rice Lentils Jujubees Quinces and all Stiptick Fruits Cold Water drunk or laid upon the member near the Wound doth astonish it It the Vein or Artery lye so that you may easily come at it ty the end with fine silk stitch up the Wound and apply astrictive Powders upon it and upon that lay on the like powder mixed with the White of an Egg with Stuphs This Powder is good Frankincense Aloes Terra Sigillata Bolearmenick and Senguis Draconis of each equal parts pouder them finely and with the white of an Egg and the hairs of a Hare let it be applyed Or this Take of Lapis Haemitatis one ounce Frankincense Mastich Bolearmenick Cobwebs green Galls dried Frogs Soot white wall and the Meal that lye upon the walls of Mills and Bake-houses of each two drachms Burnt Vitriol Quick-lime and Gum-Traganth of each three drachms the shaving of the skin of a Ram or He-Goat Paper-cards the hairs of an Hare and cotton torrified of each one drachm Asses dung half an ounce make it into fine powder and use it as the fermer The accidental Symptomes both of this and other Wounds you shall have in a Chapter by themselves with their Cures CHAP. V. Of Luxations and Fractures A Luxation or Dislocation is the slipping of a joint from his Natural Position and proper place into some strange and unwonted seat whereby voluntary motion is hindered A Fracture is a division or breaking of the bone the causes of the first are either outward or inward outward causes are falls strokes extension wrenching or the like the Patient is able to inform you The inward causes are filthy slimy and Phlegmatick Humours falling between the joynt as it many times happeneth in the Sciatica Causes of Fractures are things of weight falling upon the place or the Patient falls from on high slippeth or such like A Dislocation is known by these signs viz. a Tumor in the part where the bone lies a pit or cavity in the place from whence the bone is departed great pain a difficulty or deprivation of motion in that member The bone broken is easily seen but whether the Fracture be overthwart or long ways you may discern thus If it be overthwart by seeling you may discern the bone several and disjoyned the bones make a noise and crackling when you handle each side
in the part which before it cometh to suppuration causeth a Tumor Rednesse heat and pain but when it is suppurate the Tumor is soft yielding and growing to a point a pricking and beating pain last of all the skin breaketh and the pus issueth out somtimes if the humors be thin and the skin of the same nature the Tumor may be resolved without suppuration To this Tumor happeneth evill accidents somtimes if the Chirurgion want care or skill Sometimes it turneth to corruption and is seen by its leaden black colour and stinking savor Somtimes the matter maketh a regression and the Tumor diminisheth but the whole body is inflamed with a Feaver and such like accidents And somtimes it turneth into a Schirrhous hardnesse In the cure the Antecedent cause must be first removed Therefore first let the Chirurgion open the Liver-vein or any other vein which he finds hath more affinity with the sending part if he see good he may bleed him in the opposite part for a revulsion and derive the matter to some part adjacent by cupping frication or Ligatures and apply to the part affected medicines that cool and repell or beat back the flowing humors and of this sort are these simples Acatia Vinegar Balaustines Bolearmenick Camphite sealed Earth Myrtles Pome-granate Peels unripe Grapes Vine-leaves the leaves of Cyprus Plantane Oake Sumach Night-shade Henbane Housleeke Lettuce Purslane Roses and such like Of these you may make somentations or Cataplasmes to be used in the beginning of the Tumor to hinder and beat back the blood which floweth to feed it Take this caution that in some cases these medicines ought not to be medled with to wit when the humor is Malignant or thick or if the Tumor be Criticall Or upon some of the Glandulous parts Next you must deale with the conjoyned cause or the blood impact in the part affected If you judgo that the blood is thin and apt to be discussed discussing medicines are to be applyed This Cataplasm is good Take the leaves of Mallows Melilot and Camomell of each one handfull the seeds of Dill Flax and Fenugreek of each half an ounce boyle them to the Consumption of the Water then beat them in a Stone-Morter and add to it the oyle of Dill and Camomell of each one ounce a little Honey and Leaven and make it into the form of a Cataplasm But if the matter be thick and not fit to be discussed then labour to bring it to suppuration For which these Simples are proper Warm water Butter Wheaten Bran or Wheaten bread the grease of an Hogg Calfe Goose c. Grease tryed from the Wool of a Sheep Rozin Pitch Figs Saffron Frankinsence c. Of these you may make Cataplasms and remove them twice a day If the hot intemperature doth stirr up a Fever let the diet be ordered and such medicines administred as the nature of the Fever requireth see the second book among the Chapters of Feavers when you find it very soft and well suppurated open it with a Lancet where it is softest and in the most convenient place for the matter to come forth afterwards mundifie incarnate and Cicatize it A Carbuncle is a Sanguine Tumor the antecedent cause of it is black thick hot and faculent blood flowing to the place the conjoyned cause is the settling of the blood in the part as you have heard before The signes of a Carbuncle are sometimes but one and somtimes many small pustu'es like burnt blisters which being broken a crusty Ulcer ensueth If it be pestilentiall the crust is black or Ash colour about it rednesse Inflammation and grevious pain the Patient is troubled with Loathing Vomiting losse of Appetite Palpitation of the heart and Swooning Carbuncles for the most part are attendants of the Plague and Epidemicall causes If they come upon the Emunctuories there is very great danger lest the venemons humors fall upon some principall part If it break out about the Stomach or Jaws there is danger of Choaking If the colour be first Red after Yellowish it is laudable but if it be black or blew it is dangerous If the accidents which accompany the disease vanish there is hepes In the cure first have regard to the antient cause which is thick hot blood and must be altered and evacuated to alter the quality of the blood give him broath of Chickens with Lettice Purslane Pomegranates and Lemons and his drink Barly-Water give him medicines cooling and concocting as Juleps made of syrup of Vinegar Pomegranates Citrons Lemons and Endive and the distilled water of Lettice Purslane and the like But if the Pestilence be present you must have respect to the malignity and give such medicines which strengthen the Heart and Vitalls See the 90. Chapter of the second Book the quantity must be diminished ether by blood-letting cupping or medicines as gentle Purges or Clisters in all which be well advised if the Plague be present If there be a great fluxion of blood to the part lay on discutients and repressings discutients you have before Take this caution that you apply gentle ones in the beginning and stronger when the matter is gathered to lay defensives to the adjacent parts as the Oyntment of Roses Bolearmenick or the oyle of Mittles and Vinegar also attractives are convenient as hot Bread the warm Lungs of beasts new killed the taile of a Cock made bare and a little Salt put into it and applyed or young Pidgeons slit alive and applyed warm The cause conjoyned must be taken away by Chirurgions or Medicine first scatifying of the Tumor if nothing orbid it deeply and wash it with warm-water Horsleeches are good When the matter cannot be dispersed or otherwis delt with you must apply such things as have an altering or ripening quality as is aforesaid If the Carhuncle be very venemous this is commended viz. Take a great Onion and cut off the head of it and pick out the core or middle part fill the hollow place with good Venice Treacle pasle on the head again with a little Leaven and roast it in the Embers when it is soft pill it and beat it in a Morter and apply it warm to the Sore and renew it every 6 hours This Cataplasm is much commended Take of Onions and Garlick heads of each of them four one Lilly Root the Seed of Flax and Fenugreek of each one spoonful Snails with their shâ—ls four or five sour Figs Leaven as much as a Walnut Barrows grease as much as two Walnuts beat them all in a Morter very well warm it and apply it Then you must mundifie and heal it but if there remain a crusty Escar you must resolve it for which purpose this Plaister is good Take the flower of Wheat and Barley of each three ounces with the decoction of Mallows Violets and Althea Roots and make it into a solid Plaister then add to it fresh Butter and Hogs grease of each two ounces the yolks of two new laid Eggs. This
things as cut Phlegm To your Purges such as purge Phlegme Extemal Medicines may by an easie Brain be regulated little differing from the former This Cataplasm is very good Take of Pidgcons Dung fresh as much as you please mix it with Wheaten flower and apply it cold and cover it with a Colewort Leafe renew it twice in 24 hours CHAP. IX Of Flegmatick Tumours OEdema is a loose Tumor without pain proceeding of Phlegmatick Humours flowing into some part The Tumor is loose and soft yieldeth to the finger and retaineth the pit after the finger is gone This Disease is more prone to Resolution than Suppuration sometimes it turneth to Nodes and Knots in the flesh Order your Patient with a Diet contrary in quality to the Disease viz. Heating drying and making thin Then prepare the Humour for Evacuation these Simples are good Betony Sage Hysop Balm Polymountain Penyroyal Calamint Origanum Margarom Southernwood Mint Wormwood Germander Groundpine Cowslips Agrimony Maiden-hair the cold Seeds Lignum Vitae the Roots of Cyprus Acorus Ireos Galanga Elicampane Smallage Parsley Grass Asparagus Butchers Broom Fenel c. Of these you may make Compound Medicines to prepare the Humors for purging This Apozem is of good virtue Take the Root of Ireos and Galanga of each 6 drachms Smallage Parsley and Asparagus of each one ounce of Betony Balm Germander Groundpine and Maidenhair of each one handful the Seeds of Annise Fenel Caraway and Cummin of each two ounces the seed of Melones 6 drachms of Raisins stoned two â—unces the seed of Carthamus two ounces Senna one ounce and an half the Flowers of Broom red Ciâ—ers Stechas and Bugloss of each one pugil make a decoction of which take two pound and dissolvt therein Honey of Roses and Syrup of Wormwood of each two ounces Sugar as much as sufficeth Aromaticum Rosatum two drachms and an half make an Apozem and clarifie it for 6 Doses When the Humoes are thus prepared you must come to purging them with such Medicines as purge the Phlegmatick Humours the next Book will furnish you with store of such Medicines so that I need nor here insert them Outwardly sortifie the part with this or the like Unguent Take of Bolearmenick and Acatia of each one ounce Cyperus half an ounce Aloes and Myrrh of each five drachms Saffron half a drachm the juyce of Coleworts two ounces Oyl of Roses four ounces Vinegar one drachm and an half Wax sufficient to make an Unguent Concerning the matter impact in the parts you must consider whether it be thin and may be resolved or thick and subject to suppuration If the Humor be thin lay on this or a Plaister of this nature Take of Cow Dung one pound and an half Olibanum Styrax Moss of Trees Calamus Atomaticus Spicknard Wormwood of each half an ounce make them up with Vinegar and the decoction of Coleworts into the sorm of a plaister If you find the matter will come to suppuration apply this Plaister Take of Mallows Trank Ursint the Root of Lillies Onions Snails Leaven and Flax Seed of each a like quantity sufficientl boil them and beat them in a Morter with Hogs grease or fresh Butter to the form of a Plaister If you fear that the Humours may suffer in the mean while provide internal and external Medicines for the same Take of Conserve of the Flowers of Stechas and Rosemary of each one ounce of the Rinds of Citrons preserved half an ounce Emblicks and Mirabolans preserved two drachms Species Diacinnamon two scruples with Syrup of Citron Peels make an Electuary whereof let the Patient take the quantity of a Nut an hour before meat The Aposthume being ripe open it with an hot Iron or Coustick then mundifie it with Unguentum Apostolorum or cleanse it with this following Unguent Take of Galbanum Ammoniacum Rozin Turpetine Pitch Bullocks Tallow and Oyl of each a like quantity Dissolve the Gums in Vinegar and then let them hoil a little with the rest upon the fire Afterwards incarnate and cicatrize it as you do other Ulcers Out of this Phlegmatick Humour is sometimes ingendred a flatuous and windy Tumor which is gathered either under the skin or under the membranes which cover and cloath the Bones and Muscles They appear with a certain brightness and shining resist the touch and being smitten sound like a Bladder the pain is extensive and stretching Let his Drink be such as expels and prevents such Humours Let the Humours be prepared by Wine expelling Julips and the Body emptied by Carminative and Clisters and convenient Purges Then you must attenuate discuss and scatter the conjoyned Cause these Simples are fit for the purpose Anise Fenol Dill Caraway Carots Commin Siler Montauum Smallage Parsley Rue Bay-Berries Oyl of Rue Bays Flowerdeluce Nard Spike Nuts Euphorbium and such like Of these and other Ingredients of the like nature are many Unguents and Plaisters formed Take of the Oyl of Camomel Dill Bitter Almonds and Rue of each one ounce the Seed of Annise Fenel Carrots Caraway Arreos and Rue of each half an ounce White-wine three ounces Boil it to the consumption of the White-wine strain it and add Wax sufficent to make an Unguent The expert Chirurgeon ought to compound and alter his Unguents Plaisters and all his Medicines according to the constitution of the Patient and nature of the Tumor for which it is impossible to lay down certain Rules Give inwardly Diacinnamom Diacalamenthum Aromaticum Rosatum Diagalanga Dianisum and such like and lay a Plaister of the same nature to the stomach If a Watry Tumor is ingendred in any part or all over the body see the 58th Chap. of the 2d Book Struma is a Tumor in which underneath certain Glandules made of Matter and Bloud and inclosed with a Membrane do grow They have their place for the most part about the Neck Arm-holes and sometimes in other places The principal cause is Flegmatick Humors sometimes falls â—…oaks or great Surfeits may be the cause They that have narrow and short Fore-heads flat Temples and broad Jaws are subject to this Disease This Tumor seldom comes to suppuration if it doth it gathereth again The greater the Tumor and the deeper it is rooted the harder the Cure For the Cure of the Struma or Kings evill appoint a diet that will heat dry and attenuate then prepare the humors Take of Oxymell compounded syrup of Staechas honey of Roses of each half an ounce the distiled water of Scabius and fumitory of each one ounce mix it for one dose and take thereof as often as need requireth Then purge with Diaphaenicon Diacatholicon Indi majoris Hiera piera Pill Cochiae de agarico and such like It is good also to cleanse the blood by Urine Take of Pilewort three handfull Philipendula two handfulls pimpernell Mouseare Tansie Red Coleworts Madder of each one headfull the Roots of Fennell Parsly round Birthwort Raddish and stinking Gladwin of each half a handful the seed of Nettles
Medicines are such as are made of Quicksilver Mesentery is that which holds the guts together Morbifick or morbifical matter is that which is the cause of the Disease Mortification is a deading or losing of sense in any part Mollifie Is to soften Mundifie Is to cleanse Musilage is made of Gum Tragacanth dissolved in water or by beating of any Seeds or Roots that have a flimy faculty Muscle is a part which serves for voluntary motion of the body it is harder and less sensible then a Sinew and softer and more sensible then a Ligature N. NArcotick Medicines are such as cause sleep by dulling and stupefying the Brain and Semes Nauseousness inclination to vomit Nerves Sinews Nitre Salt-peter the true Niter is rarely found Nidorous Smelling of Burnt-Fat Oyl c. Nocturnal Pollutions Is when a man sheads his Sperm in his fleep Noxious Hurtful Nutrition Nourishment O. OBstruction stopping Oblîque crooked athwart Obnoxious subject apt lyable Obscure dark hid secret c. Occult hidden unknown Oedema A Flegmatick Swelling white and without pain or but little pained Omentum The Caul that covereth the Guts Opiate signifieth any medicine which hath Opium in it sometimes any soft Electuary like Treacle Optick Nerves are the Nerves which bring nourishment from the Brain to the Eyes Opthalmia inflammation of the Eyes Organs Are peculiar parts fitted for some notable service as the Eye to see the Ear to hear c. Orifice The Mouth or Passage into any thing the hole that is made in the Vein by letting of blood or in a wound Original Foundation or beginning Os Sacrum The great Hip-bone on which the Ridge-bone resteth Os Cribosum Is the Bone full of holes above the Nose through which the Snot issueth Oval Is the shape of an Egg. Oxycrate Is Vinegar and Water mingled Oxyrrhodine Vinegar of Roses and Medicines made therewith P. PAralysis Paraplegia The Palsie Paroxysme Is the Fit of an Ague or any other Disease Palliative Cure Is the mittigating the Symptomes of a Disease Peripneumonia Inflammation of the Lungs Pericranium The skin which covereth the skull Pellicl's Little thin skins Perspicuous Clear to be seen as in a Glass Peritonaeum The inner coat of the Belly Peccant Humours Are the Humours that offend or cause the Disease Perforated Bored through Peristaltick motion of the Guts Is when the Guts contract themselves to cast forth the Excrements Paenineum Is the Ridge-like space between the Privities and Fundament Preposterous Unnatural unfitting Perturbation Is trouble Perspirable To be breathed thorough when the Pores of the Body are open Pernicious Deadly destructive Penetrate To enter Phrensie Is raging and madness joyned with a Feaver Phlebotomy Blood-letting Phlegmon A Swelling caused by blood Pharmacopaea A Dispensatory a Description of the making of all Medicines Pia Mater The inner Cauls and Films which cover the Brain Pituitous Flegmatick Periodical By course or fits Pessaries A kind of Suppositories made of Wooll to be put into the Matrix Plethorick Too full of blood Plenitude Fulness Pleura The Membrane which cloatheth the Ribs on the inner side Pores Little holes in the skin through which vapours and sweat issueth forth Potential heat or coldness Is contrary to actual which is so in operation not to sense Ponderous Weighty Potent Powerful Pomander A thing formed like an Apple to smell to Prognostick Signs Is fore-telling what will become of the Disease and the Patient Privation Loss Preternaturally Otherwise than the course of Nature requireth Precede Go before Preparing of the Humours Is separating them from the good blood making them thin if they be too thick thickning them if they be too thin to the intent they may be better evacuated Probable Likely Profound Deep Producing Causing or breeding Procatarctick causes The primary and first working causes Precipitated Thrown down cast down Protraction Is lengthning out A Pugil is as much of Hearbs as can be taken up between the Thumb and Fore-finger Pulsation is beating of the Arteries Pupilla is the middlemost round circle of the Eye which we call the Sight Putrid Rotten filthy stinking Pustula A Pustule Push or Whelk Pubes The hairy part above the privities of men and women Pus Matter Corruption filthiness which runs from a Boil Imposthume or such like Quitter is the same R. RAdical Moisture is the Fundamental Juyce of the body which preserves Natural Heat Raucedo Hoarsness Rarefying Making thin Repletion Overmuch fulness of blood and humour Resolution Weakning or dissolving the strength of any part Revulsion Drawing back blood or humours from the part affected Repelling Driving back the humours to the affected part Relaxing Slacking Remitted Abated lessened Restriction Limitation exception Reliques The remainders of an Humour Retraction Drawing back Retentive faculty The power of Nature to hold or keep its nourishment Reduced Brought back again Refractions Breaking of the Presentation of visible objects Recruited Made up repaired restored Resolving Medicines are such as loosen and scatter humours gathered into any part Repercussives Such as drive back the Humours Relaxation Looseness Refrigerating Cooling Respiration Breathing Reflux Flowing back again Recipient part Is the part which receiveth the humour offending Regression Is going back Reiterate To repeat Ruption Breaking S. SAnguineous Bloody Sanies Matter Saphaena The Vein which passeth by the Ancle on the in-side of the Foot Scarification Lightly cutting the skin to draw blood by a Cupping-glass Scorbutick persons Who are troubled with the Scurvey Scituation Place or Posture Scirrhus A hard Swelling without pain Serous Like Whey Sediment The Setling or Dregs of any thing Sealing a Glass Is to make the Neck red-hot and soft and work it with a pair of Tongues till it be firm and cannot receive or let out the Air. Seton Is an Issue kept open with a Skein of Silk Sincere Pure and unmixed Sinews or Nerves Are small Strings which carry the faculty of Sense and Motion from the Brain all over the Body Spurious Bastard counterfeit not perfect Spinal Belonging to the Back-bone Sphacelus Is when the Flesh and Bone in any part is dead Spasmus Cramp Speculum Oris Is an Instrument to hold open the Mouth or Throat Sphincter The muscle of the Arse Spadarap A Cere-cloath Specifick Peculiar and hidden Stuphs Hot-houses Stows to sweat in Strangulation Strangling choaking Sternon The Breast-bone Stupor Dulness Sternutations Medicines to provoke Sneezing Stupifying Benumming taking away the sense of Feeling State of the Disease is when the Disease is at the height Suppository is to be put up into the Fundament to loosen the body Sudorifick That causeth Sweat Subeth Dead asleep Superficies is the out-side of any thing Sutures The Seams of the Head where the Skull is joyned Superfluous Too much unnecessary Suppuration is when the matter in an Imposthume is inclinable to break Suppression Stoppage Suffocating Choaking Suffusion is a shedding abroad of Humours Sulphurous Pertaining to Brimstone Sympathy is fellow-feeling a Disease is said to come by sympathy from the Disease
may make it stronger if you see occasion by adding red Arsenick and Sandarach to it Mercury precipitate and applyed with Honey of Roses with a Tent is good You may make an Ointment thus Take of Letharge of Silver one drachm Ceruss three drachms Pomegranate Peels and Allum of each two drachms Verdegreese and Orpiment of each one drachm powder them and in good old white wine boil them to the thickness of Honey put in a little Oyl of Myrrh and reserve it in a Leaden Box and use it as the forenamed Medicines The sence of Smelling is either diminished abolished or depraved either by Obstruction or Astriction Cold moist and Flegmatick Distempers may either dull or abolish the sence of Smelling Hence Defluxions upon those parts do hinder the sence Flegm obstructs and hindereth the sensible passages viz. the Nostrils and the Pores of the Brain the insensible Passages and the Processus Mamillates or Sarcoma and Polypus may hinder the senceby obstructing the Nostrils Smelling is hindered by Astriction when Flegm gathered in the fore-part of the Brain doth compress the Mamillares as was said before in the compression of the Optick Nerves Sometimes this Sence is depraved by some putrefaction or ulcer in the Nose or the Menings or some of the parts official to this Sence and thereby hindereth it or some stinking Vapour arising from some other part of the Body may hinder the exercise of this Office as the Tongue is depraved by Choller and maketh all things that is tasted seem bitter the signes are these Slimy Flegm coming from the Brain and cold and moisture oppressing the Brain shew Flegm to be the cause If it be from Sarcoma or Polypus it is easily discovered If the matter causing the obstruction be contained in the Nostrils the speech is hurt also but it is not so if it be in the Mamillares or the fore-part of the Brain The Cure is diverse according to the diversity of causes I shall say nothing to it onely give you this general Rule If it come from a Defluxion you must proceed as you are instructed in the cure of a cold Catarrh If from obstruction or compression of the Mamillares I shall refer you to the Chapter treating of the cold distemper of the Brain for the Cure In the 9th Chapter of this Book treating of a defluxion I told you if it fell into the Nose it is a cold Coryza I think it not amiss if I here speak a word or two of the nature and cause of it This Defluxion is caused either by overmuch heat which doth dissolve the crude Humours gathered in the fore Ventricles of the Brain or else by cold which doth compress and squeez the aforesaid Humours This is easily known by the Humours flowing through the Nose and of all Catarrhs it is the most easie to cure For the Cure repair to the 9th Chapter to which add the Vapour of Marjarom and Red-Rose Leaves boiled in Vinegar taken into the Nose It the Distemper be cold Take Frankincense Mastich Nigella and the like thrown upon a Chafingdish of Burning Coals and do as before I shal now speak a word or two of Neesing vulgarly sneezing which though it be looked upon but as a slight effect not worth mentioning hath by reason of a sharp Defluxion proveth not onely troublesome but dangerous And hence came the Custom of saying God bless you God save you or Christ help when a man sneezeth Sneezing is a swift motion of the Brain by which the Breath is drawn up unto the Brain to force out that which doth offend for Sneezing belongs to the Natural Expulsive Faculty of the Brain and its Membranes as it is with the Cough which doth by its natural motion free the Arteries of the Lungs from Flegm which obstructeth them But the proper cause of Sneezing is a sharp Humour which doth provoke the inside of the Nostrils as 't is verified by snuffing up sharp things into the Nostrils which Humour cometh from the Brain or some inferiour parts sometimes the coldness of the Air doth act upon and compress the Brain and causeth a sharp Humour to fall into the Nostrils which provoketh Sternucation The knowledge of this Disease is manifest outward causes appear and by the signs of the parts affected As to the Prognostick it is naturally and essentially without danger accidentally it may prove hurtful namely in the beginning of Coryza it hindereth the concoction of the Humours by its violent motion sometimes in Feavers it is violent and causeth bleeding and is prejudicial to the Patients strength In the Plurisie and all Diseases of the Lungs it is bad because it violently pulleth those parts and causeth a greater inflammation Yet if there be Flegme got into the Gristles of the Lungs which a Cough cannot get out then is Sneezing helpful For the most part it is friendly to healthy people and promiseth help in Feavers It is good in Apoplexies and always welcome to women in travel or troubled with fits of the Mother If Sternutation become Symptomatical you must remove the external cause or internal from whence it cometh by Evacuations Derivations Revulsions and Discussions and if you see cause you must bleed use Frictions Ligatures and Cupping In the mean time you must labour to take away the sharpness which provoketh to Stenutation Let your Patient snuff up warm milk warm water or warm water and Butter mingled the Oyls of Roses sweet Almonds and Violets which will afford much comfort to the diseased Of bleeding at the Nose CHAP. XIX THis disease is called Haemorrhagia and it is either organicall or common the organicall is either the opening of the Vessels called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the rarefaction of them called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The common disease is also twofold either the breaking of the Vessels called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the Erosion called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Blood offending either in quantity or quality is the cause of these distempers Somtimes externall causes concur as wounds strokes falls vehement exercise drunkennesse long staying in the Sun It is also either Criticall or symptomaticall Criticall when nature dischargeth her self of superfluous blood sometimes in health sometimes in Fevers and somtimes from an inflammation of the Liver or Spleen Symptomaticall is when filthy blood caused by the weaknesse of the Liver in a Cronical distemper is let go by reason of the debility of the retentive faculty or by the strength of the expulsive faculty expelled as unprofitable and unnecessary If the blood flowes by reason of the vein broken the blood is thick and floweth continually if the vein be only opened the blood is thinner and floweth by fits If the veines be eroded or gnawen asunder the Patient hath had a salt Catarrh or Ulcer or Cacochymia The causes are easily distinguished by their signes viz A red face and eyes with heavinesse signifieth plenty of blood If choler or Melancholly be the cause the blood is
the Musilage of Gum Traganth made with Rose or Plantane Water and the Suet of a Goat of each one Drachm which Emplastick Clisters as with a Plaister cover the internal Superficies of the Guts and preserveth the part from the gnawing of the Matter All this while you must give internal Medicines of the same Nature and the oftner if the upper Guts are ulcerated First to cleanse give Gears Milk to glutinate Cows Milk Chalybiated with it you may mix the juyce of Plantane Sirrup of Comphry Sugar of Roses the Troches of Amber and the white Troches of Rhasis Let the Sick eat Rice boiled in Chalybiated Milk or the Musilage of Gum Traganth and Arabick drawn as before in his Broth half a Drachm The Body being well cleansed you may make an astringent Decoction to compleat the Cure Take of the Roots of Bistort Tormentill and Comphry the Leaves of Plantane Yarrow Shepherds purse Horse-tayl Mousear and Agrimony of each one handfull the Seeds of Sorrel Sumach and Grape-stones of each one Ounce make a Decoction in four quarts of Water to the Consumption of half Sweeten the strained Liquor with the Sirrup of Comphry Quinces dryed Roses Myrtles or Corall Front what hath been said there is light enough for the Ingenious to make Medicines in any form to please the Pallate of his Patient which I omit being loath to be tedious but lest I should omit any thing necessary make an Opiate thus Take of Conserve of Roses and Quinces of each one Ounce Conserve of Comphry Roots half an Ounce Coral prepared Sanguis Draconis Bolearmenick sealed Earth Acatia Conserve of Sloes of each one Drachm burnt Ivory and Spodium of each one Scruple with any of the Sirrups aforesaid sufficient to make an Opiate and give the Quantity of a Chesnut Morning Night and Noon Narcoticks do Wonders especially if they be mixed with astringents and strengthners Take of Conserve of Roses and Services of each one Drachm Confectio Alchermes half a Scruple Laudanum three Grains make a Bolus Anoint the Belly with the Oyls of Quinces Myrtles Roses Mastich Wormwood and the like The Oyntment called Comitissae is of wonderful Virtue I might here teach you to make Fomentations and Cataplasms for the purpose aforesaid of the aforenamed Simples but seeing the Ingenious need it not and the Ignorant deserve it not I shall save that labour fearing my Booke will swell to a greater Volume then I intended What ever you do remember to strengthen the Liver with Cataplasms for that purpose made of Simples strengthning the Liver If the Dysentery be Epidemical and Malignant Sudorifick Medicines are of great force As Medicines made of Bezoar and Treacle water you must begin with Cordials and proceed as you do in a Malignant Feaver CHAP. XLVIII Of Tenasmus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Greek and Tenasmus in Latine is a continual desire to go to Stool yet the Patient voideth nothing but Slime and bloody Matter it is caused by an Ulcer in the Intestinum rectum or streight Gut from which filthy Matter continually flowing provoketh the expulsive Faculty hence followeth a continual desire to go to Stool This Disease properly belongeth to a Dysentery yet by custom when onely the streight Gut is ulcerated it is called Tenasmus therefore I shall not insert the Causes being the same with the former For the Knowledg of this Disease it is easy to distinguish between this and a Dysentery In a Tenasmus the desire of going to Stool is continual in the Dysentery by Fits onely In the first notwithstanding all straining nothing is voided but Slime bloody or mattery in the other both Exerements and Humours are voided The Signes of the Causes seek in the former Chapter Tenasmus for the most part is easily cured but is dangerous if a melancholy Humour be the Cause lest it turn to an ulcerated Cancer yet for the most part it is of long Continuance and very troublesome If a Woman with Child hath the Tenasmus it brings many Inconveniences to her and great danger of Miscarriage Hippocrates saith she will miscarry but I have known the contrary True it is a Woman seldom escapeth in that condition for that Motion doth much disturb the Womb because the same Muscles which serve to cast forth the Excrements are employed for Delivery If the Ulcer be near the Fundament or Anus if it continue long it turns to an incurable Fistula For the Cure I shall refer you to the former Chapter it being the same both in the Causes and the part affected of the same Nature with the other Intestines CHAP. XLIX Of the Flux of the Liver FLuxus Hepaticus a Flux of the Liver is when serous and bloody Humours are voided much like Water wherein Flesh hath been washed It is caused by an evil Disposition consuming the radical Moisture of the Liver and destroyeth the natural Heat thereof this Disposition cometh by burning and swooning Feavers by a hot Distemper of the Bowels or by great Coldness from abundance of Phlegm and Melancholy which oppresseth the natural Heat Outward Causes as great draughts of cold Water extraordinary eating of raw Sallets poysonous and too violent Purges salt sharp and peppered Meats which parch the Substance of the Liver may corrupt the natural Hear There is also a bastard Flux of the Liver when the radical Moisture is not in fault nor the Faculty hurt yet the Blood is impure and corrupt by the mixture of Choller Melancholy or some corrupt Matter or by its staying too long in the Liver and the parts adjacent by which it is made thick burnt or rotten or the Spleen is in fault and doth not suck away the drossy Blood In this Bastard Fluy thick and black Blood and sometimes Blood mixed with divers Humours is voided The Signes of this Disease may be gathered from what hath been said and it differeth from the Dysentery in this that the Stools are lâ—quid bloody and watry and voided without pain The Signes of the Causes most be considered If this defect of the Liver come from a hoe Distemper there went before a burning Feaver or a Feaver is present green Vomits or Stcols Thirst Foulnesse of Body and Want of Appetite stinking Evacuations If from cold the Stools are not so stinking nor is there Thirst the whose Body is colder and blewish Moist and dry Causes produce contrary Effects a moist Distemper causeth more Stools and thin a dry sewer and thicker and lesse in Quantity with much Thirst This Disease is very dangerous because a principal part is affected and the radical Moisture consumed which can scarcely be restored and nothing but destruction to be hoped for so much the more if the Disease comes of Hear If it comes in Feavers the whole Body melteth and putrifieth If it come from a cold Cause it losteth the longer and turns into an incurable Dropsy Though a Bastard-Flux of the Liver be dangerous yet it is farr lesse then a true one because the Liver
is sound and the Distemper may be taken away if the Humours which corrupt the Blood be evacuated In the Cure of this Disease your main work is to strengthen the Liver correct the Distemper and stay the Flux If it come from a cold Cause deal with it as with a Dropsy But if it come of a hot Cause as for the most part it doth you may gently evacuate the peccant Humours with Rubarb as you are taught in the Cure of the Dysentery Then you must give Medicines which strengthen the Liver Take of the Roots of Succory Sorrell Bloodwort and Monks-Rubath of each one Ounce the Leaves of Plantane Endive Succory Purslane Agrimeny and Dandelion of each one handfull Wormwood half a handfull Red Sanders two Drachms Coriander seeds prepared a Drachm red Roses one Pugill the shavings of Ivory and Spodium of each a Drachm boil them in Barly water to a Quart and in the straining dissolve of the Sirrups of Quinces Vinegar Simple and dried Roses of each two Ounces of the Oyl of Vitriol as much as will make it moderately sharp and make a Julep for six Doses to be given Morning and Evening First and Last The Sirrup of Myrtles of Succory simple or compound with Rubarb the Sirrup Tincture or Magistery of Pearl is very good and may be made use of as the former or made into a Julep with Plantane or other cooling Waters The Liver of a Wolf is much commended and it may be made into an Electuary Opiate or into any other form with the aforenamed ingredients The Tops of young Nettles boiled in Broth or Water are good and the juyce taken is more powerful to stop the Flux and to purify the Blood It is good to apply an Epitheme to the Region of the Liver made of the aforenamed Ingredients or as many of them as you think good It is convenient that among your Medicines which you give to stop the Flux you administer such as are restorative because in this Disease the Body is much consumed Riverius much commendeth this distilled Water and the truth is it deserveth commendation Take a fat Capon and a Partridge pull and draw them and filth ir bellyes with Succory Agrimony and Snails of each one Handfull Conserve of Roses three Ounces Plantane and Coriander Seeds prepared of each two Drachms Citron Myrabolans one Drachm the Leavs of Bloodwort half a handfull the Troches of Amber and Spodium of each four Scruples the Powder of the Electuary de Gemmis Triasantalon and Diamargariton frigidum of each one Drachm Sprinkle them with Styptick Wine and put them into the Fowls Bellyes boil them in a close Vessel in four Pints of Water till half be consumed then put them into a glasse Limbeck with three Ounces of good Wine and distill them in Balaeo give a little of the Water often by it self or with other Medicines CHAP. L. Of the Worms VVorms for the most part breed in the Guts therefore I shall speak of them here Galen Propounds three kinds of Worms the First are round and long and are called Teretes and are more common then the rest and are bred in the Guts but do somtimes get up into the Stomach The Second are called Ascarides they are little and smal like threds and they commonly ly in the lower part of the thick Intestines and over against the Sphincter-Muscle The third sort are broad Worms and long though seldome seen sometimes they are voided of an incredible length They are bred of such Nourishment as easily putrifieth in the Stomach hence it cometh to passe that Children and such as are gluttonous who eat much Fruit and such things as easily putrify especially more being eaten before the former is digested are troubled with Worms The Signes of Worms in the Guts are divers not in all alike a stinking and sowr Breath Stools like Cow dung in colour Gray like Potters earth Sometimes there is a continual Feaver Heavinesse Fainting Loathing Vomiting unquenchable Thirst and sometimes cold Sweats an unequal Pulse the Cheeks are sometimes red sometimes blew the Eyes shine the Nose itcheth the Teeth gnash a dry Cough There is pain in the Belly sometimes by Inflammation and sometimes by Distention some start in their Sleep Sometimes the Body pineth and the Patient hath an insatiable Appetite this is a Signe of flat Worms which eat up the Food The Ascarides are known by the itching of the Fundament and the Excrements are many times full of them Sometimes the eating away of the Gums is a Signe of Worms Though to Children and older Folk Worms are common and little feared yet many and dangerous Symptoms and Diseases are bred by them In the beginning of a Disease it is evil for Worms to be voided alive or dead especially alone without Dung if they be alive they signify great Crudity and Want of Nourishment if dead great Putrefaction by which they are killed In the declining of a Disease Worms comming forth with the Excrements is a good Signe The Cure of the Worms consisteth in giving Medicines to kill them and to evacuate them being killed The best way to kill them or at least to drive them to the lower Intestines are these Simples which follow viz. all the sorts of Wormwood Southernwood Calamint Dogs-tooth Century Horehound Dittany Hyssop Rew Savin Peach leavs Coriander seed Harts horn Lupines Mints Garlick Elecampane and many other of these Simples may several forms of Medicines be composed mixing with them such things as purge not onely to kill but also to carry away the Cause of Worms Rubarb is much commended because it may safely be given if a Feaver be present Take of Rubarb one Drachm yellow Sanders half a Scruple infuse them in Purslane water three Ounces strain them and dissolve the Powder of Rubarb and the Powder against the Worms which you may have at the Apothecaryes of each one Scruple Sirrup of Roses one Ounce mix them and make a Potion If the Feaver be not great add Hiera picra to your Potion more or lesse according to the strength of your Patient afterwards give a Clister made of the Decoction of Liquorish Raisons Figs or Chicken Broth sweetned with Sugar and Hony of Roses such Clisters are good to draw them down into the thick Guts Afterwards give a Clister made after this manner Take of Wormwood Southernwood Century of each one handfull Lupines half an Ounce the Seed of Wormwood and Coriander seed prepared of each two Drachms In a half Pint or a Pint of the strained Liquor according umo the age of the Patient dissolve one Ounce or two of the Oyl of Wormwood and Salt one Drachm and an half To bring them out being killed add to the former Clister Benedicta Laxativa Hiera picra and Cassia newly drawn of each three Drachms or more if your Patient can bear it Rondoleitus doth highly commend Diaearthamum and the Infusion of Agarick in Oxymel because it not onely killeth Worms but purgeth Phlegm and corrupted