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A37483 Tropologia, or, A key to open Scripture metaphors the first book containing sacred philology, or the tropes in Scripture, reduc'd under their proper heads, with a brief explication of each / partly translated and partly compil'd from the works of the learned by T.D. The second and third books containing a practical improvement (parallel-wise) of several of the most frequent and useful metaphors, allegories, and express similitudes of the Old and New Testament / by B.K. De Laune, Thomas, d. 1685.; Keach, Benjamin, 1640-1704. 1681 (1681) Wing D895; ESTC R24884 855,682 1,006

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5. Psal. 78.19 A Mountain for Mountainous places Josh. 13.6 Judges 7.24 c. Mountains and Hills are put for Idols which were Worshipt there Jer. 3.23 Mountains and Vallies for their Inhabitants Micah 1.4 The Mountains shall be Molten under him and the Vallies shall be Cleft that is the Hearts of those that inhabit them shall wax soft See Psal. 68.2 3. and Psal. 97.4 5. They put to flight the Vallies toward the East and toward the West that is such as dwelt in the Vallies 1 Chron. 12.15 The World is put for Mankind John 3.16 and 12.19 2 Cor. 5.19 1 John 2.2 and 5.19 'T is put for the wicked who are the greatest part of mankind John 1.10 and 7.7 and 14.17 and 15.19 and 16.20 23 and 17.9 14. 1 Cor. 11.32 1 John 3.1 and 4.5 and 5.4 5. Hence the Devil is called the Prince of this world John 12.31 and 14.30 and 16.11 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Princes of the world Eph. 6.12 The God of this world 2. Cor. 4.4 Which is expounded Eph. 2.2 In time past ye walked according to this world according to the Prince of the Power of the Air the Spirit that Now worketh in the Children of Disobedience The World is put sometimes for those are converted and beleive as Illyricus says alledging John 6.33 The Bread of God is he which cometh down from Heaven and giveth Life unto the world that is to beleivers and John 14.31 But that the world may know that I love the Father c. Yet Glassius thinks that the whole race of mankind is rather to be understood in both places as verse 51. the Bread which I will give is my Flesh which I will give for the life of the World for this giving of Life is not an actual conferring of it by Faith but rather an acquisition or purchase of life for them in which sence Christ is called the light that enlightens every man that cometh into the world In the other text John 14.31 Christ signifies by those words that he was therefore to die that he might deliver mankind from the power of Satan 2. That this Redemption of mankind should by the Word of the Gospel be revealed to the whole World For he says not let me die that I may shew that I love the Father but that the World may know that I love the Father Which knowledge was had when the Gospel was promulgated through the whole World by the Apostles Camerarius in his Notes on John 17.21 That the World may beleive that thou hast sent me says that by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the world we are to understand 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Such as shall be saved But Glassius says that it signifies all men universally as John 3.17 For God sent his Son that the world through him might be saved For though all men are not actually saved in regard of their proper contumacy and impenitency yet a spiritual Unity for believers is prayed for and that the World might believe that is that all men should be converted to the true knowledge of the Messiah although very many remain in Unbelief and Wickedness who shall have no share in this Redemption Ships are put for the Men in them Esa. 23.1 Howl ye Ships of Tarshish that is ye Mariners and Merchants c. So verses 10.14 A Nest is put for the Young ones Deut. 32.11 As an Eagle stirreth up her Nest that is the Young Eagles as is clearly shew'd in the following words Ophir A Country in India abounding with Gold is put for Gold brought from thence Job 22.24 Then shalt thou lay up Gold as Dust and Ophir as the Stones of the Brooks that is Gold brought from Ophir Abundance of Gold is denoted by the whole phrase and Metaphorically great felicity A Cup is put for the Wine or Liquor in it Jer. 49.12 Ezek. 23.32 1 Cor. 10.21 Yee cannot drink the Cup of the Lord and the Cup of Devils Luke 22.17 It is said in the last Paschal Supper And he took the Cup and gave thanks and said take this and divide it amongst your selves that is the Wine not the Cup for verse 18 he says I will not drink of the fruit of the Vine untill the Kingdom of God shall Come So Luke 22.20 We have the same Metonymie about the Eucharistical Cup of the Lords Supper and 1 Cor. 11.25 26 27. Of this Cup Christ says that 't is the New Testament in his Blood but the containing vessel cannot be understood but the thing contained viz. The Wine which is Sacramentally the Blood of Christ Matth. 26.28 Mark 14.24 See more 1 Cor. 10.16 21. 1 Cor. 11.26 27. Matth. 26 27. Mark 14.23 1 Cor. 11.28 The Names of Countries is frequently put for their Inhabitants as Egypt for Egyptians Gen. 17.15 Ps. 105.38 Ethiopia for Ethiopians Ps. 68.31 32 Sheba for Sabeans Job 1.15 and 6.19 See Esa. 43.3 4. Judea and the adjacent Countries about Jordan are put for their Inhabitants Matt. 3.5 Macedonia and Achaia for Christians living there Rom. 11.26 The Land of Egypt is put for spoils brought from thence Jer. 43.12 The Grave is put for the Dead that are buried in it as Esa. 38.18 The Grave cannot praise thee Death cannot celebrate thee that is they that are Dead and Buried the reason follows They that go down into the Pit cannot hope for thy Truth ver 19. The Living the Living he shall praise thee See Psal. 6.6 Psal. 115.117 The Earth is put for the Inhabitants of the Earth Gen. 6.11 The Earth was also corrupt before God and the Earth was filled with violence which is expounded in the next verse for all flesh had corrupted his way upon the Earth So Gen. 11.1 and 18.25 and 19.31 and 14.30 1 Sam. 14.29 2 Sam. 15.23 Prov. 28.2 Esa. 24.20 Matth. 5.13 The Ends of the Earth are put for the Inhabitants of the extreamest parts thereof Psal. 22.27 28. Psal. 67.8 A Theatre the place where Plays and Shews are seen is put for the sight it self 1 Cor. 4.9 Where the Apostle Paul Metaphorically says of himself For we are made a Theatre so the Greek unto the World and to Angels and to Men As if he had said we are derided hated and abused by the World and that not in a corner but as if the whole Earth were gathered together in one Theatre to satiate and please themselves with beholding our miseries A City is put for Citizens Jer. 4.29 The whole City shall flee Shall go into Thickets and clime upon the Rocks So Esa. 14.31 Jer. 26.2 c. Jerusalem Chorazin Bethsaida Capernaum are put for their Inhabitants Matth. 3.5 Mark 1.5 Matth. 23.37 and 11.21 23. Act. 18.25 Jud. 5.7.11 c. To this by Analogy may be referred these that follow Heaven is put for God who is said to dwell in the Heavens and there manifests his Glory and Majesty to Angels and glorified Spirits Psal. 73.9 They set their Mouth against the Heavens and their Tongue walketh
Backslidings and love them freely If any Man sin we have an Advocate with the Father Jesus Christ the Righteous Christ a Testator Heb. 9.16 For where a Testament is there must also of necessity be the Death of the Testator THo this Term is thought by some not to be a Metaphor Christ being really a Testator yet it may not be unprofitable to run the Parallel with Human Testators The word in the Greek is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 diathemenos of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies a Testament which is of the same import with the Hebrew 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Berith A Testament is the Sentence and Declaration of our just Will of what we would have done after Death and is so called because it is a Testimony of our Mind which is not in force because revocable till the Testator dies Thus the New Testament or Law of the Gospel is ratified and confirmed by the Death of Christ. The Parallel is as follows Testator I. A Testator signifies a Disposer or one that makes a Will and Testament who hath Goods to bestow and Relations or Friends to give them to II. A Testator is one that is under a natural Tie or Obligation and full of Thoughts Cares and Good-Will to his Friends and hence provides for them when he is gone III. A Testator imports a Person dying or under the apprehension of approaching Death and from hence makes a Testament and bequeaths Legacies IV. A Testator hath full power to dispose of whatsoever he possesseth or hath a Right unto and according to his sole Will and Pleasure bequeaths unto others V. A Testator sets down the Person in his Will to whom he doth bequeath or give Legacies VI. A Testator to make his last Will and Testament firm and authentick calls others to witness it VII A Testator finally to compleat perfect and confirm his last Will doth sign and seal it himself which according to the Laws and Customs especially of the Eastern Nations as divers have observed is done by Blood moreover the Epistle to the Hebrews shews us that the first Testament was dedicated by Blood hence called the Blood of the Testament VIII A Testator by making his last Will and Testament usually disannulls any Will made before IX A Testator makes his Last Will and Testament unalterable by any other or by himself as others must not so he will not X. A Testator takes care to have his Will made known and published after his death that the Legatees may know what Legacies are left and bequeathed to them XI A Testator oftentimes limits the Legacies bequeathed to some of the Legatees upon Conditions by them to be performed XII The Will of a Testator gives a sure and firm Title to those that he wishes well to and bestows Riches on they hereby are secured For what can be more full and undeniable Right than that which is left or bequeathed to a Man by the last Will and Testament of his Friend XIII A Testator ordains or assigns Executors in Trust to see that his Will be punctually observed and fulfilled XIV A Testator being dead no Man can attempt to abrogate or alter any part or thing that is in his last Will tho it be but a Man's Covenant yet if it be confirmed no Man disanulleth or addeth thereunto XV. A Testator dies and thereby opens a way for all the Legatees to come into the possession of the Inheritance that is left them Parallel I. CHrist our spiritual Testator hath store of Blessings and good things in his hand are all Riches of Grace and Glory and at the end he will bestow them on his spiritual Relations viz. his Children his Elect who are called his Friends Ye are my Friends c. II. Jesus Christ by taking his People into Covenant-relation and Union hath laid himself under strong Bonds and Obligations to them and from hence takes care of them and is filled with thoughts of kindness to them and provides for their future Good in his absence III. Jesus Christ knowing his Hour was coming that he must go out of the World to the Father he being appointed to Death made his last Will and Testament and left Legacies to all his Saints and faithful Followers IV. Jesus Christ the Testator of the new Covenant hath not only full Power and Authority to convey all Gospel-Blessings but all Grace here and Glory hereafter is solely disposed of at his Will and Pleasure in which way and to whom he pleases He gives Power to become the Sons of God He hath given him Power over all Flesh that he should give eternal Life to as many as thou hast given him Father I will that those which thou hast given me be with me where I am My Peace I give unto you V. Jesus Christ as Testator hath set down in his Testament who the Persons are to whom he hath bequeathed the Blessings of the Covenant both Grace and Glory viz. all that are his Sheep all that the Father hath given him all that are regenerated who truly repent and believe in him and keep his Word VI. Jesus Christ to establish and make firm his last Will called sufficient Testimony to witness it as first the Father secondly his Miracles thirdly John Baptist fourthly the Scriptures and then fifthly his Apostles We are his Witnesses of all things that he did VII Jesus Christ ratified and confirmed his last Will and Testament with his own Blood He shall confirm the Covenant he shall be cut off For where a Testament is there must be the Death of the Testator This is my Blood of the New Testament shed for many By Christ's Death there is a Confirmation of the Verity and Reality of the Covenant of the Validity and Authority of it and lastly of its Efficacy and Availableness to us for a Testament is of force after Men are dead otherwise 't is of no strength whilst the Testator liveth VIII Jesus Christ disannull'd the Law of the Old Covenant by his establishing the New there is a disannulling of the Commandment going before for the weakness and unprofitableness thereof He took away the first that he might establish the second IX Christ hath made his last Will and Testament so as never to be altered by himself I will put upon you no other Burthen but what you have already c. My Covenant will I not break nor alter the thing that is gone out of my Mouth X. Christ ordained and commanded his Disciples to publish his Mind and Will to the Children of Men. Go into all the World and preach the Gospel that is to make known the Testament He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved and he that believeth not shall be damned XI Christ hath appointed Conditions to be performed by some Men before they can actually possess the Grace and Blessing promised viz. to attend upon hearing the Word to pray believe repent c.
God Promised to give the Land of Canaan and rest therein to his seed how punctual was he in performing of it as Solomon well observes 1 Kin. 8.56 Blessed be the Lord that hath given rest to his people Israel according to all that he promised there hath not failed one word of all his good promise c. it was declared to Abraham that his seed should be strangers in the Land of Egypt four hundred years and Moses shews that at the end thereof nay the very self-same day the Lord brought them out of the said Land Exod. 12.41 4. God promised to send a Saviour and accordingly when the fulness of time was come he sent him into the VVorld 5. And that Gospel Promises might be firm and sure to all the faithful and Covenant People of God they are put into Christs hand who having shed his Blood to procure the good Promised hath Received the Promises for us as our Trustee Acts 2.33 Therefore being by the Right hand of God Exalted and having received the Promise of the holy Ghost he hath shed forth this which ye now see and hear 6. That the Promises might be made sure to all the seed Christ hath brought himself under an Obligation to make them good And the Lord Jesus is not only ingaged but the Father also 1. In respect of his Goodness and Mercy Heb. 10.23 1 Joh. 1.9 2. In respect of his Faithfulness and Truth 1 Cor. 10.13 3. Nothing can hinder or obstruct God in accomplishing whatsoever he hath promised 4. They must be made good because of the nature of the Covenant 't is ordered in all things and sure 'T is unto God as the waters of Noah Isa. 54.10 They are left in Christs last VVill and Testament that was confirmed by his blood See Testator And for this cause he is the Mediator of the New Testament that by means of death for the Redemption of the Transgressions that were under the first testament they which are called might Receive the promise of eternal inheritance 5. But if all this is not enough God hath ingaged himself by oath to make them good he hath if I may so speak pawn'd his own Being Life Power Truth and Holiness upon the performing whatsoever he hath promised to his own Covenant-people for when God made a Promise to Abraham because he could swear by no greater he swore by himself Gen. 22.16 17. Saying surely in blessing I will bless thee and in multiplying I will multiply thee And so after he had patiently endured he obtained the promise for men verily swear by the greater and an oath of confirmation is to them an end of all strife Wherein God more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise the immutability of his counsel confirmed by an Oath ver 17. That by two immutable things in which it was impossible for God to lye we might have strong consolation who have fled for Refuge to lay hold upon the hope set before us May not this cause a Believer to venture upon a Promise of God and to rest satisfied until it is accomplished 10. Gospel Promises are glorious promises because they are generally and more especially Soul or spiritual promises What is it to have a promise of such or such an Estate or Lordship or to be blessed in the Basket and store or with all earthly good things these are the blessings it is granted that worldly men seek after I have goods saith the Rich Glutton laid up for many years blind wretch but how poor and miserable was his Soul Now gospel promises are of a spiritual heavenly and sublime Nature as you have heard before soul-food soul-strength soul-health soul-riches soul-peace soul-liberty soul-life a Christ a Kingdom and Crown that fadeth not away for the Soul This is the Tenth 11. Gospel promises are glorious promises because 't is by vertue of these thou comest to take hold of and obtainest an interest in the Lord Jesus Christ. Is not that a precious promise that will make thee sure of a Saviour a bare Promise for of his Interest is security enough tho' he has condescended in a gracious manner to us not only to make over himself and eternal Life to our Souls by Promise but hath given us an earnest also into our hearts nay more then that Sealed us also by his Spirit unto the day of redemption See earnest and Seal under the head of Metaphors respecting the Spirit The Promises are the ground of Faith and Hope that Faith is a Fancy and that hope will be but as a spiders Web that is not grounded upon the Promise of God 12. Gospel Promises are glorious in a comparative sence above the Promises of the Law 1. Better in respect of perspicuity or clearness of them those were Promises under obscure Types and shadows Justification was held forth by several Sacrifices burnt-offerings and sin-offerings c. Sanctification held forth under several Ceremonial washings 2. Better in regard of the Nature or Quality of them the former were generally promises of Temporal or Earthly things 3. In respect of the Efficacy and Power that is in these o're what was in the other The Law made nothing perfect many blessings were made indeed in case of Obedience but the Law gave no power to perform the Condition or help the Soul in that Obedience 4. They are better in regard of extent and Duration 13. Gospel Promises are glorious in respect of the variety of them there is variety of all good things promised therein answering to every condition the Creature may be under They tend in a sweet manner to remove all objections doubts and discouragements of the Soul whatsoever as you may perceive by taking a brief Taste I am a vile sinner saith the Soul mine Iniquity is gone over mine head as a heavy burden they are more then can be number'd and are ever before me I have sinned against Light and Knowledge and hated Instruction Is there any Hope or Promise for such a wretch such a Rebel and Monster of wickedness as I am See the promise How long ye simple ones will ye love simplicity and ye scorners delight in their scorning and fools hate knowledge turn at my reproof Behold I will pour out my spirit upon you I will make known my words unto you Let the wicked forsake his way and the unrighteous man his thoughts and let him return unto the Lord and he will have mercy upon him and to our God and he will abundantly pardon Come unto me all ye that labour and are heavy laden and I will give you rest Here are promises that may be grounds of encouragement to the vilest sinner Were there no Promises but to righteous Persons or to men and women so and so qualified it were sad But through Christ and in closing with him in the Gospel there is pardon offered to sinners as sinners tho' they have been very vile and