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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
blood_n	confirm_v	new_a	testament_n	8,389	5	9.6949	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A19657	The confutation of the. xiii. articles, wherunto Nicolas Shaxton, late byshop of Salilburye [sic] subscribed and caused to be set forth in print the yere of our Lorde. M.C.xlvi. [sic] whe[n] he recanted in Smithfielde at London at the burning of mestres Anne Askue, which is liuely set forth in the figure folowynge. In the nexte page shalt thou finde the contentes of thys little boke.	Crowley, Robert, 1518?-1588.; Shaxton, Nicholas, 1485?-1556.	1548 (1548)	STC 6083; ESTC S105139	70,962	161

of natiōs he reproueth the thoughtes of the people and the councels of princes but the councell of the Lorde abydeth for euer Psalme .xxxiii And amonge those forsayed syx articles I moste distent from other in the Sacramēt of Christes blessed bodye and bloude For where as they say that vnder the accidentes whyche be there by a miracle wythout any substance is conteyned the naturall bodye and bloude of Christe our Sauioure I denye those fayned miracles saye that there doeth still remayne bread and wyne in their kynde and be consecrated by the inuisible workynge of the holye Goste to be a sacramente sygne or token of the blessed body of our Sauioure Christ torne on the crosse for oure redemption And as towchynge these wordes thys is my bodye that is geuen for you for as muche as they be a parte of the scripture euen oure sauioure Christes wordes of him that neuer made lie I beleue thē to be certayne and true in that sense that he spake theim and meante theim Thys is my sure fayeth wherfore I am herein far frome any peryle of herisie althoughe I wade no farther therin at al but euen prison my wit reason and vnderstanding into the obsequie seruice and obedience of Christe and fayth and say to my selfe thus For as muche as manye and excellentelye learned men varye wythin them selues in the interpretation of this sentence thys is my bodye ▪ et cetera therefore it muste nedes 〈…〉 and saye The thinges that we haue hearde and sene we muste ●eades speake Lamente your ouerthrow and wepe wyth Peter and he that made him strōge againe shal strengthen you also Thus I leaue you to Christ Whom I mooste hertelye beseche to plucke out of your herte the doctrine that your .iiii. scholemaisters taughte you and plante in you agayne the doctrine of hys heauenlye father to youre saluation the establishinge of the consciences of them whome your fall dyd offende For whose sakes I haue taken in hande to confute youre Articles trustynge that God wyll so worcke in the heries of them and you boeth that you shall all reioyce wyth me for your deliueraunce from that deuilleishe doctrine that you saye you learned of those deuynes that were sent to you in the tyme of your laste imprisonment ❧ Hereafter foloweth the true copie of the Articles with the confutation of the same ¶ Shaxton ¶ The fyrste Article ALmyghtie God by the power of hys word pronoūced by the priest at masse in the cōsecration turneth the breade and wyne into the very natural bodye and bloude of our sauiour Iesus Christe So that after the consecration there remayneth no substaunce of breade and wyne but only the substaunce of Christ God and man Crowley Thys is sone spoken But to proue by the scriptures that it is true therein lieth all the difficultie of the matter Here I am sure your foure scholemaisters wyll saye That it is done is manifeste by the scriptures But howe it is done reason can not attayne to knowe Wherefore we muste agaynste reason beleue the wonderful worke of God aboue reason Yet am not I satisfied Neither can I beleue that they can proue by the scripturs that the breade and wyne are turned into the bodye and bloud of Christ Let your scholmaisters therefore or els do you theyr scholer shew me what scripture you haue for thys youre opinion I am certayne you haue none at al ▪ excepte it be one that you are wont to wrest for your purpose and that is thys The Lorde Iesus in the same night in the whyche he was betrayed toke breade gaue thankes and brake it sayinge Take ye eate ye thys is my bodye whyche is broken for you Hereupon I am sure you wil infer his conclution Ergo the breade is turned into hys bodye For the selfe same almyghtye God whyche by hys worde created al thinges of nought hath spokē these wordes and is much more able to alter and chaunge the nature of thynges that be then he was to make the same thynges of nought Wherfore cetera Thus haue ye cōfirmed this parte Thē saye you of the wyne After the same maner also he toke the cup when supper was done and sayed Thys cup is the newe testament in my bloud Thys do as oftē as ye drinke it in the remembraunce of me Here say you and your scholemaisters The same Christe whych is able to perfourme hys word hath sayed of the breade and wyne that they are hys bodye and bloude Ergo they muste nedes be hys very naturall body and bloud al substaunce of breade and wyne turned into the same I doubte not but ther is all that you and your scholemaisters woulde desyre me to conclude for your purpose To thys I wyth Goddes helpe wyl make suche answere that you and all other youre fauters shal be ashamed to wreste it so farre oute of tune here after For the fyrste parte you shal vnderstand that I haue taken the text wrytten by saynct Paul to the Corinthyans bycause this place of Paule is an exposition of the same matter wryttē by the Euangelistes They writ that Christe toke breade and blessed gaue it to hys disciples But Paule wrytynge to a people that knewe not what thys blissing that the Iewes vsed shoulde meane he calleth that same blessynge thankes geuynge Declarynge therby hat the blyssynge that the Iewes vsed whyche our sauiour Christ also vsed in thys actiō was not altogyther such crossing gestures as our masse masters vse but cō●rarywyse voyd of al suche foleish toyes and replenished wyth all Godlye veneration and thankes geuynge Exemple of thyshane me in the stories of Abraham Isaas and Iacob wyth other the fathers or the olde Testamente Seynge therfore that Christ toke bread gaue thankes it muste nedes folowe that he gaue suche thankes as the fathers the patriarckes and Prophetes vsed to geue Neyther makyng sygne of the crosse nor of the galow tree for it had bene all one to make the sygne of the crosse then and to make the signe of the galow tre uow For as theues and all other perniciouse felowes be nowe hanged on the galowe tree so were they then on che crosse but wyth reuerente gesture of the bodye and vpryghte countenaunce towarde heauen he called on the name of hys father moste humbly besechynge hym to worcke inwardly in the hertes of hys Apostles the thynge that he entended to declare to theim by a visible signe And. S. Paule calleth thys blessyng a thankes geuynge bycause the fathers dyd alwayes vse in the beginnyng of this blessing to geue thankes to God for the greate merrye that he had allwayes shewed vnto them In token whereof they committed vnto hys mercye also theyr dearlye beloued children most humbly besechyng hym to shew lyke mercye vnto theim in prosperynge the succession of theyr enheritaunce that they by the assistent grace of God myght walke in the feare of the Lorde from generation to generation foreuer Thus dyd Christe

blesse and brake it If I shoulde aske you what he brake I doubte not but you woulde answere that he brake breade and sayed take ye eateye thys is my body But if I should aske you what it was that he called hys bodye then I know your answer woulde be after youre olde maner that the same breade that he toke and brake was it that he called hys bodye But I wyl shew you a lyke thyng to proue whether you can learne to vnderstand this place of scripture by a simile Apelles toke pensell and paper and drewe theron sayed This is Venus Nowe aske I you whether thys that Apelles spake of were Venus in dede or hyr Image I doubte not you wyl saye not Venus but hyr Image Then tell me Was the pensell and paper hyr Image or the luniamentes that Apelles The lines you saye drawen on the paper and not the paper otherwise thē the glasse is the Image of a mans face whyche appeareth therin Euen so say I of these wordes of Christ Thys is my bodie He toke breade he brake it gaue it to his disciples said This is my bodye As who should say this breade brokē geuē to you receiued of you is a cleare image of mi body which is by the wil of my father brokē frely offred geuē to you by faieth receyued of you so that in like maner as this breade is receyued into the body and naturally nourisheth the same so doth it declare to you by that naturall propertie that my bodye eaten by fayeth that is by beleuynge and trustynge vpon saluation by my sufferynges in the bodye doeth nourish the soules of as manye as do so eate it In lyke maner toke he the cup after supper saying Thys cup is the new testament in my bloude Here maye you if you haue anye lytle glitteryng of the spiritual knowledge easilye perceyue that Paule knewe of no traunsubstantiation in thys misterie For he reporteth that he learned of the Lord all that he taught the Corhinthyans cōcernynge thys misterye and yet he reporteth that Christ sayed of the cuppe Thys is the newe testamente in my bloude And thyuke you that if Paule were here he woulde say that he beleued the substaunce of the cup to be chaunged into the substaunce of the new testament I knowe well you do not thynke it For your opinion is that by the vertue of those wordes the wyne whiche is in the cup is turned into the verye bloude of Christe And yet do not the wordes appertayne any thynge at all to the wyne vnlesse you wyll admitte the fygure whereby the thynge that conteyueth is taken for the thyng conteined And so doynge you must saye that the wine is the newe Testament in Christes blander and not the bloud it self So that if you wyl nedes haue traunsubstāciation it must be of the substaunce of wyne into the substaunce of the new testament That is the certentye wherby oure consciences are certified of the promise of God made to vs in the scripture Wyth thys transubstanciation we could beare if so be you would not denye that the substaunce of breade and wyne doeth stil remayne declarynge vnto vs sensibly by visible sygnes the thynge that is in the scripture taught vs by wordes For immediatly after Christe ▪ sayeth Do thys so ofte as ye shall drinke to the entente to remembre me therby That is to saye So ofte as you wil make youre selues partakers of one cup of wyne to the entente tu call to your remembraunce thereby the greate misterie of the participation you haue in me and al thinges that I haue or shal do for you do it after this forsayed fourme So that by thys are condempned as wel the priuate masses wherin one ministreth and receyueth al as the freshly transubstaneiation whereupon is grounded the sacrifice for the quicke and the dead as shall be declared more at large in the seuerall articies concernynge the same To perswade one that were wyllyng to learne thys were sufficiente But seyng that you your schomaisters are more readye to burn me al other that seke your soul health God geue you a better mynde then to accept our dortrine I am cōstrained to labour to drawe you by force of argumēts none otherwyse then Hercuses drewe the froward Cerberus out of hell I wyll therefore make thys argument grounded on the definition of breade Breade is a confection made of manye graynes vnited or made into one bodye by the myxture of water and force of fyre hauynge in it the vertue to nourishe the sensible bodyes But thys confection remayneth after the consecration as you call it Ergo there remayneth breade That thys cōfectiō remayneth I take wytnes of my Lorde of winchester in hys boke wrytten on thys matter And if you thinke hym not an Authour Autentyke make an experiēce vpon me Let me haue daylie a sufficiente weyghte measure of that consecrated breade wyne and shute me vp frome all other kynde of sustinaunce But thys one thyng I would desyre That the breade and wyne ye consecrate be free from all kyndes of poyson For thoughe I do knowe that God is able to preserue me frome all maner of poyson yet wyl I not neyther maye I tempte my Lorde ▪ God so far But if you do poyson me I shall gladlye suffer it for the trueth sake If all thys wyll not content you I praye you gyue eare to Gelasius who writeth on thys wyse Surely the Sacramentes of the In the ce cel holde● Rome bodye and bloude of Christe be diuine thinges and therfore are we by them made par takers of the diuine nature and yet doeth it not sease to be the substaunce either of bread or wyne but they do remayne in the propertie of theyr nature And no doubt the Image and similitude of the bodye and bloude of Christe are celebrated in the action of the misteries What thynge woulde you haue more plainlye spoken But if you wyll not beleue S. Paule who calleth it breade and the cup of the Lorde euen after the consecration it is not lyke that ye wyll geue credite to Gelalius although in dede you and all such are wont to gene more credite to the iudgment of men that lyued not these manye hundred yeres bicause of theyr antiquitie then to the verye trueth which was before thēal wherby al mens spirites should be tried Wherefore I would you shoulde not lacke testimonies of thē And to do you pleasurewithal I wil resite you i. or .ii. testimonies by the which you may perceiue that you haue erred in this your atticle and in yuur letter to the kinges highnes also wherin you say that this your opinion hath bene the vnifourme consent of the whole churche euen frome the Apostles tyme. Saynte Chrisostom whom I am sure you ●pon Math wyll not repute amonge theim whome you call heritykes sayeth So sone as the inner eyes se the bread they flye ouer the

whether it were necessarye for Christe to i●stitute the communion vnder boeth the kyndes or not If it were necessarye as I thynke you wyll not denye then is it also necessarye that al as manye as shall be admitted to that communion do also recey●e it vnder boeth k●ndes Othere●s were the one parte instituted in vayne For other vie is there none of thys sacramēt but to be receyued of the faythful beleuers to remembre the deathe of Christe thereby and to certifie theyr owne consciences of the part they haue with him in al hys deserninges of the couplinge togyther of al the fayethful mēbres of Christes churche into one body by faith But if you be so shāles that you wyl deny that Christ did necessarilie instituted the cōmmion in boeth the kyndes then wyll I saye vnto you that he could not otherwyse haue declared vnto vs the misterye of hys ●leshe and bloud thē by boeth the kyndes For what other thyng is the mistery of the flesh and bloud of Christ then that lyke as the body lyueth by breade and brothe recey●ed by the mouthe so doeth the soule lyue by the merites and dese●●ynges of Christe in the fleshe receyued by faieth as by the mouth of the soule And thys is it that Christe speaketh of Iohn .vi. Except ye eate the flesh of the sonne of man and drynke his bloude you shal haue no life in you So that if he woulde by visible signes declare vnto vs that his fleshe bloude are the necessarie fode of oure foules no remedye he muste nedes do it by the necessary fode of oure bodyes Seynge therefore that the broth or lycoure is as necessarye for the sustinaunce of our bodyes as the breade is it could not be but necessary to institute this Sacrament or misterye in boeth Well now I am sure you wyll not denye the necessitie of institutynge the communion in boeth the kyndes But thus perhappes you wyll say wyth your scholmaisters that as the Apostels who onelye were presente at the institution therof were priestes so is it onelye necessarye that priestes receyue it in boeth the kyndes For the wordes of the supper beynge spoken to the Apostles must extend no farther then to theyr successours If al the Apostles were priestes then is it like that the ordre of knaue traitour priestes hath bene deriued euen frome the Apostles tyme. For there was one amonge them that was a kna●e a traitour And therupōyo●● ground I am sure that a kna●e priest may celebrate receyue the sacramēt in both the kyndes bycause he is the successoure of one of the Apostles whyche was a knaue Bu● nowe to the purpose That all the Apostles were priestes I de●●● For Iudas whoe was no membre of Christe coulde not be a prieste Here if you wyll saye that then manye of oure priestes at thys daye be no priestes bycause some of theym be membres of the deuyl I wyl not greatly stycke to graūt you tha● conclusion For if you speake of a prieste whyche is signified by thys worde Sacerdos I say the church of Christ knoweth none other priesthode but that whych ●s spoken of in the fyrste of the reuelations And of that ordre is none that is not the tru membre of Christe And suche one offereth hys owne membres an acceptable sacrifice to God And euery one that offereth this sacrifice is a prieste of thys ordre thoughe he be neyther shauen nor annoynted And such priestes were al the apostles Iudas only excepted they onelye are the apost●es successours that offer this sacrifice And therfore ought they a● ▪ they only to receiue both the kindes of the communion For amongest other thē these can ther be no communion of Christes bodye and bloude though they deuoure neuer so manye sacramentes to theyr owne condemnation But if you speake of a prieste which is signified by this word presbiter that is to say an elder I wyll say your priests for the most part are elderly inough and so old musty barters that they wil hold no newe wyne And so are they not the successoures of the Apostles vnlesse it were of the Apostle Iudas the traytoure for they were elders able to gouern the people with Godly do●trine and ensample of lyfe I cōclude therefore that as manye of your priestes as are not the true membres of Christe are as good priestes as Iudas was apostle and do God as good seruise in sellynge hys Sacramentes as Iudas dyd in sellyng his sonne Wel let vs returne to the words of the supper to proue whether they wil birefe vs of the one parte or n● The wordes spoken of the breade are these Take ye eate ye thys is my bodye whych is broken for you And of the cup is sayed Dryuke euery one of you of thys for thys is my bloude in the new testament which shalbeshed for manye into remissiō of sinnes ▪ Now tel me if any of the true mēbres of Christ may lefully be de feated of any of these parts If ye may wyth hold any part frō thē it must be the bread ra ther thē the wine For it is saied of the wine Drynke euery one of you of thys Euen as though he would haue said Take hede you be not defeated of thys parte There shall come bribours that shall withholde it frō a great nūbre of your successours saying that I spake these wordes to you onely to suche as shoulde beare the name of my ministers And therfore they heynge none of youre successours and yet boestynge them selues to be your onely successours shall vsurpe to them selues thys part of your communion But teach you in al the world that the wordes whych I speake vnto you I speake vnto as many as shal trulye professe my name Drynke you euery one of this Wherfore I conclude that it is a thynge of necessitie that the communion be ministered in boeth the kyndes to all the fayethfull membres of Christ And that if is the an abuse to minister it to anye of them vnder one kynde onelye But because I perceiue whēse this great erroure of yours springeth I shal somwhat speake therof For asmuch as saye you vnder eyther of boeth the partes is conteined whole Christ body and bloud it must nedes folow that it is none abuse to minister to the people vnder one kynde onely An assertion worthy a fleshly philosopher sauourynge more of Aristotle thē of Christ For if it were graunted that the sacramentall breade were turned into a lyueynge bodye then woulde Aristotle saye that there must nedes be bloud in the same or els some other humoure of the same nature to supply the office of bloude Hetherto Aristotle taketh youre parte But when you saye that in the bloude muste nedes be whole Christe boeth bodie and bloude there Aristotle leaueth you For he is not of the opinion that the whole ought to be presente wyth euerye part though he affyrme the partes to be necessarylye presente wyth the whole