Breast for the Air is not drawn nor the Vapors excluded without the motion of the Breast D. Which are the Instruments for the Pulses C. The Arteries D. Which is the principal Organ of the Natural Functions C. The Liver for it is the Original of the natural Faculty and of all the Veins and the first Instrument of the generation of Blood D. How many sorts of Organs are subservient to the natural Faculty C. Two sorts for some are appropriated for nourishment others appointed for generation D. Which are the assisting Organs of nourishment C. They are of three sorts some for preparation some for purgation and some for distribution of the Nourishment D. Which are for preparation of the Nourishment C. The Mouth and Stomach prepare the Nourishment the one by Mastication the other by Concoction D. Which serve for Purgation C. They are of two sorts for it is the Office of some to purge the Chylus for the Excrements of the Chylus are sent forth from the Belly but the Bladder of the Gall the Spleen the Kidneys and Bladder are the Organs appointed to purge the Bloud for they receive and separate from the Bloud those excrementitious Humors begot in the Chylous matter at the time that it turns to Bloud D. Which serve for the Distribution of the Nourishment C. The Veins D. Thou hast reck'nd up all the Organs serving to Nourishment now give me an accompt of the Organs of Generation C. The Organs of Generation some are common both to Male and Female some proper to each Sex D. which are common to both Sexes C. Testicles and Spermatick Vessels as well preparing as conveighing the Seed D. Which Proper C. The Yard to the Male the Womb to the Female Of the Humors D. Having thus reck'nd up the parts containing now for the parts contain'd Which then are the Parts contain'd C. The fluid parts which are supported by the help of others such as are the Humors and Spirits D. How many Humors are contain'd in the Body C. Besides the Primogeneous Humor or that which comes naturally of it self there are two other adventitious that is to say the Alimentary and Excrementitious D. What d' ye mean by the Primogenious Humor C. A certain Oily substance bred in the more solid parts of the Body from their first Original being the Basis and Seat of Spirit and innate Heat and is therefore call'd by the name of Radical Moisture D. Which d' ye call the Alimentary humors C. The Juices of the solid parts appointed for nourishment which derive their original from a commixture of the four Elements D. Which the Excrementitious C. The superfluous moisture in the Body useful to Nature D. How are the Alimentary humors distinguished C. Into Primary and Secondary D. Which are accompted the Primary C. Those which are distributed by the Chylus in the Liver by the Power of its natural inbred heat through the Veins to the several parts of the Body for their Nourishment D. How many Primary Humors are there C. Four Bloud Choler Melancholy and Flegm Which are all mix'd together in the Veins This mixture of the four Humors is call'd the Sanguinary Mass by reason that the Bloud has the greatest share in it D. What is to be understood by the Word Blood C. The Word Blood is sometimes taken in a diffusive Sence for the whole Mass of the Bloud but properly it signifies the more pure and enlivening part of it D. What is the Temperature of the Bloud C. The Bloud generally taken for the whole Mass of Bloud is well temper'd in regard the temperature arises from an equal mixture of the future contrary humors together with a just proportion and decent Harmony of the same but being consider'd in it self as pure and limpid it is hot and moist and somthing of the nature of Air Nor is it differenc'd from the rest of the humors by reason of this peculiar temper only but also by its Consistency Colour Taste and Use D. What is the Consistency of the Bloud what its Colour Taste and Use C. The Bloud is of a consistency so thin that while it is kept within the bounds of Nature it appears neither thicker nor thinner of a red Colour and sweet Taste It nourishes chiefly the musculous parts while it hai the predominancy and makes men fleshy lively handsom good disposition'd and cheerful D. In what Ages is the Bloud most prevalent C. In Children Youth and Young men thus Galen affirms That Boys Young men and Striplings between both enjoy most of the sanguine Humor as in whom the first Principles of Life are yet most vigorous D. When does it most abound in the Body C. The Bloud is most plentiful in the Spring because then the Frosts are dissolv'd and the Waters are let loose according to the Opinion of Hippocrates D. What is Choler C. Alimentary Choler is the more thin part of the Sanguinary Mass partaking of the Nature of Fire in Temperament hot and dry of a pale or yellow Colour bitter in Taste and causes men to be lean tough active rash and hasty nourishing those parts which are most akin to its Nature wherein it differs from the excrementitious D. What is the excrementitious Choler C. That which is sent to the Bladder or Bagg of the Gall to hasten the expulsion of the Excrements and to cleanse the Guts of any slimy matter sticking to them D. In what sort of persons is Choler most predominant C. Yellow Choler abounds most in those who are in the Prime of their Age as Galen avers D. When does it most abound C. Choler abounds most in the Summer as Hippocrates declares as also in a dry season of the Air for that drought renders the hands more Choleric in quality as Galen delivers his judgment D. What is Melancholy C. Alimentary Melancholy is the thicker part of the Sanguinary Mass of the nature of the Earth in temper cold and dry of a black colour sowr in taste and renders men sad thoughtful morose severe and constant it nourishes the most solid and dry parts of the Body as the Bones where it differs from the excrementitious D. Which is the excrementitious Melancholy C. That which is carried to the Milt where it is separated from the more useful Juice that affords it nourishment and so poured out into the Stomach to excite the Appetite and to strengthen the Faculty which retains the meat there during Concoction D. What sort of People are most subject to Melancholy C. Black Melancholy is most exuberant in the declining Age of Men by the Authority of Galen D. When does it most abound in the Body C. Black Melancholy abounds most in the Autumnal Season as Hippocrates relates D. What is Flegm C. Alimentary Flegm is the more liquid part of the sanguinary Mass of the nature of Water in temper cold and moist of a white colour and sweet Taste or rather without any savour It makes men sloathful sleepy dull fat white and
reality For the Elements are only to be divided by Reason and not by actual Operation D. What Difference is there between Principles and Elements C. The Difference is twofold First The Elements proceed out of others before them and out of one another But Principles proceed neither from others nor from themselves but out of themselves produce all Natural things Secondly The Elements are of the same Genus with those things of which they are Elements But Principles cannot be of the same Genus with those things of which they are Principles Wherefore in regard that Elements are Bodies it is apparent that those things of which they are Elements are Bodies but the Principles of Bodies are Incorporeal D. How many Elements are there C. Four Fire Air Water and Earth which frequently by Hippocrates are call'd Hot Moist Cold and Dry. D. By what Arguments are the Elements prov'd to be four C. Chiefly by three First because they are the first four Elements liable to the sense of Feeling and so many real Agreements of Tangible Qualities Next because the four Elements concur to the forming of mix'd Bodies Lastly Because all mixt Bodies are dissolv'd back into the four Elements D. I would have thee demonstrate how Human Bodies are compos'd of these four Elements C. It is the general Assent of all that our Bodies are compos'd of Organic Members in the first place then those Organic Members are perfected out of a Composure of similar parts which similar parts deduce their Original from the Seed and Maternal Bloud both proceeding from a mixture of Humors which mixture arises from the Meat and Drink put into the Body the product of which whether the Flesh of Land-Creatures or of Fish whether Fruit-Trees or Herbs and Flowers is only the promiscuous concourse and mixture of the Elements Seeing then our Nourishment proceeds from the Elements from our Nourishment the Humors from the Humors the Similar Parts from the Similar Parts the Organic Members from the Organic parts of Human Body it is manifest that the same is compos'd according to the method of Nature out of the four Elements Moreover that Human Bodies consist of those first Elements is plain from their last Dissolution for that when a man dies all things return from whence they came Thus the innate heat dissipates and flies away to the Element of Fire His Breath returns partly to the Fire partly to the Air. The flowing Humor becomes Water again The more solid thick and firm parts when once the Moisture is exhausted dry up and moulder to dust This the most admired Hippocrates first gave us to understand where he declares that when Man expires every thing separates to its proper Nature and returns to those Elements of which it was at first compos'd The Moist to the Moist the Dry to the Dry the Hot to the Hot and Cold to the Cold. D. Tell us more plainly how human Body is generated out of the four Elements The Body of Man is not compos'd of the Bodies of the Elements alone but of their conjoyn'd Qualities nor these neither pure but intermixt and temper'd according as they act of suffer among themselves D. Repeat the Qualities of the several Elements C. Fire is hot in the Extream remisly dry Air moist in Extremity remisly hot Earth cold in the Extream remisly moist The Earth dry in the Extream remisly cold So that the first four Qualities are Heat Cold Moysture and Drought Of which the Elements are the first Subjects and out of their Mixture and Temperament our Bodies are compos'd which while the Mixture and Temperament remain equal and just are in perfect Health but when that Mixture and Temperament fails or is alter'd by some Accident the Body becomes distemper'd D. What is Mixture C. Mixture is the Union of Alter'd things apt to be mixt D. How is Mixture made either according to the Qualities or the Forms or in the whole C. Qualities are alter'd Forms united the whole Elements mixt with the whole D. Shew me more distinctly the Reason of Mixture C. Alteration precedes Mixture or rather the Conflict of contrary Qualities precede the acting and suffering of the Touch for all Physical Agents act by the Touch. And therefore all Elements that concur to constitute a mixt Body touch one another in the first place then act one upon another by their Repugnancy and Contrariety and so by their mutual acting and suffering divide themselves into the smallest parts imaginable make way and enter every where and this is call'd Mixture in the whole D. Then you say Substances are mixt with Substances C. Why not D. Because no Mixture is made without Repugnancy but Substance is not repugnant to Substance C. Substance is not repugnant to Substance of it self as it is Substance but in respect of its Qualities So Fire in its whole Form and Substance does not resist Fire but one in its Quality Fire being hot and Water cold Alteration is not a mutation or change of Forms but Qualities The Elements through their mutual Contests are alter'd in their Contests are alter'd in their Qualities and are temper'd by their being broken and pierc'd taking away the Repugnancy they are easily united But from the Union of the Forms of every Element one Form of a mixt Body arises Of Temperaments D. What is a Temperament C. A Temperament is a proportion of the four chief Elementary Qualities proper for the true exercise of the Natural Functions Avicen defines a Temperament to be a Quality arising from the Elements proportionably mixt Galen calls it the Beginning of Natural Functions and Faculties Averrhoes the Form of a mixt Body But this last Definition does not please me because the form of a mixt Body is a Substance but Temperament is an Accident in the Order of Qualities D. Think you a Mixture of the first Qualities may be made without a Mixture of the Elements C. By no means For tho in this Temperament differs from Mixture that the latter is made proper to the Elements the former to the Qualities yet are they so conjoyn'd that neither Mixture can be made without the aid of Efficient Qualities nor Temperament without the substance of all the Elements So that Temperament is a kind of Harmony of the four principal Qualities proceeding from the Mixture of all the Elements D. How many are the Differences of Temperaments in general C. Nine One Temperate eight without Temperature of which four are simple Hot Cold Moist Dry and as many compounded as Hot and Moist Hot and Dry Cold and Moist and Cold and Dry. D. What is that which is said to be Temperate C. That which the Greeks call well-temper'd which is as it were the Rule and Measure of all Temperaments D. Of how many kinds is it C. Twofold The one Temper'd absolutely and to weight the other to Justice in several Genus's D. What call ye Temperament absolute and to weight C. That in which there is an even and equal Portion
effeminate it nourishes the Brain and other cold and moist parts of the Body wherein it chiefly differs from the Excrementitious D. What is the Excrementitious Flegm C. The Serous or Whey-like superfluity which the Kidneys separate from the Bloud and conveigh to the Bladder through the Vreters where it is called Urine D. At what Age is Flegm most redundant C. Flegm abounds most in old Age by reason of the decay of the Natural Heat D. When does it most abound in the Body C. The Winter fills the Body with Flegm by reason of the great plenty of Rain and the length of the Nights as Hippocrates declares A moist Constitution of the Air works also the same Effect for the moisture of the ambient Air increases flegmatic Humors and begets a great many watery superfluities D. Which are accounted the secondary Humors C. Such as derive their Original from the former in any part of the Body where they are more exactly prepar'd by the last concoction from whence two manifest Excrements proceed Sweat and Ordure besides what goes forth by insensible Transpiration D. How many are the secondary Humors C. They are reck'nd to be in number four according to the diversity of those Alterations which they undergo while they are prepar'd for the nourishment of every part The first is that which is contain'd in the small Veins thence ready to empty it self into the vacant spaces The second that which being diffus'd into the substance of the Part penetrates it like a kind of Dew The third that which gathering about the Hair sticks to it And the last is a thickn'd Liquor that sticks in such a manner to the Fibres that it seems to be chang'd into the substance of a Similar Part. And thus the Humors through the variety of their Alteration at length change into the Nature of the Body D. Think'st thou the Humors constituting the Nature of the Body to be perpetually Natural C. Not so for as when the Humors observe their Mixture and Temper they are natural so when they fall from their equal Constitution they become devious and wanderers from Nature Whence it happens that Bodies are sometimes sound sometimes sick according to that of Hippocrates containing in it self Bloud and Flegm black and yellow Melancholy by which the Nature of the Body is constituted and by means of which it is either sick or well for by the benefit of these it is in health when they answer one to another in reference to Temperament in Quantity and Quality and in reference to Mixture when they are mix'd and not separated one from the other But the Body is sick through the ill operation of these when in reference to Temperament one abounds the other is defective in Quality or when in Quality when the faculty of the one is more intense of the other more remiss Or else in reference to Mixture when one Humour separates from the rest of the Mass for when one Humour is separated from the rest of the Mass there must of necessity be some Distemper in that part from whence the Humour is departed contrary to Nature or in that part where it overflows contrary to Nature which Humour departing from the rest if it be expell'd without the Body begets a simple Disease but if it remain within the Body it will cause a double Distemper in that Part which it has left through Evacuation and in the Part where it abounds by Repletion D. How does the Blood deviate from the Rule of Nature C. When it grows corrupt that is when the thinner portion of it turns to yellow the thicker to black Choler by which it becomes fuller of Choler and Melancholy Or if it be vitiated by other Humors which flow into the Veins from the Bag of the Gall or any other Parts D. How does Choler deviate from Nature C. When either within or without the Veins it changes its Nature D. How many sorts of Choler are bred in the Veins contrary to Nature C. Three sorts the pale the yolk-colour'd and the black D. How does Choler become pale C. By the mixture of the serous Humour D. How of the colour of the Yolk of an Egg C. It is compounded of yellow and pale while the Acrimony of the Unnatural Heat is boyl'd up as it were to a Consistency so that of a thin it becomes a thick substance and the colour of it is likewise heightn'd resembling the colour of a raw yolk of an Egg. D. How does black Choler depart from its natural course C. Black Choler is made of the Vitelline by the extremity of Heat and Burning D. How many sorts of Choler are bred out of the Veins contrary to Nature C. Three sorts the Leek-colour'd the Rust-colour'd and the Woad-colour'd D. What is the Matter which compounds them C. They are generated chiefly in the Stomach of Meats that are of vicious and evil Juice and the Vitelline Choler poured forth into the Stomach is frequently chang'd into one or other of these contracting a change of colour from the coldness of the Place D. What causes the Effects of Melancholy against Nature C. When the MeIancholic Humor by extremity of Heat is as it were burnt to ashes so that it becomes sharp and biting differing from the Melancholic Juice as burnt Lees from not burnt This sort of Melancholy is call'd Black Choler and Black-choleric Humor D. What causes in Flegm its contra-natural Effects C. When it is corrupted either in the Veins or without the Veins D. How many sorts of Flegm are bred in the Veins against Nature C. Two sorts Acid and Salt D. What is the Acid C. That which is chiefly raw and crude which besides the first and imperfect Alteration in the Stomach has had no other Concoction D. How comes Flegm to be salt C. By the corruption of sweet Flegm through the mixture of the serous Humour D. How many sorts of Flegm are bred without the Veins C. Four sorts the Watery the Snotty the Glassy and the Pargetty D. What is the Watery C. That which is so thin that it distils from the Nostrils or falls from the Brains upon the lower parts like Water D. What is the Mucous C. That which by the heat of the Parts is thicken'd into the substance of Snot D. What is the Vitrous or Glassy C. That which in colour and substance is like melted Glass thicker and colder then the Snotty D. What the Pargetty C. That which at length becomes as thick and hard as Parget such as is sometimes seen in the Joynts in which after preceding thinner distillation and dissolutions of the thinner part of the Matter at last appears a piece of Flegm hardn'd like a Pumice-Stone Of the Spirits D. Leaving the Humors let us proceed to the Spirits Why are they call'd Impulsive by Hippocrates C. Because that by their means the Corporeal Bulks of Living Creatures are mov'd perceive live and subsist even by their aid the dull and heavy bodies of
vehement then more gentle again D. What time is most fit for Exercise C. When the Concoction is perfected But in regard that Exercise stirs up the Natural Heat without which the Meat cannot well be concocted Exercise ought to be always us'd before Meals Besides that Exercise consumes many Superfluities which are first to be expell'd before any more Nourishment be receiv'd in After Meals Exercise is hurtful in regard the agitation of the Body joggs down the Nourishment out of the Stomach ere it be concocted which occasions several Crudities in the Veins that beget several Diseases Neither is a man to exercise till he has emptied his Body of such Excrements as call upon Nature lest any thing of them be carried away into the Habit of the Body through the force of the Natural Heat redoubled by Exercise Of the Rest D. When is Rest required C. When the Body is wearied with extraordinary motion for in all motion of the Body says Hippocrates when any person comes to be wearied Rest is presently the Remedy against Weariness This Ovid also confirms where he says That whatever wants alternate Rest can never long support it self for Rest repairs the strength and recreates the weary Members The Mind also wearied with Cares and study stands in need of Relaxation and Rest which unless you grant it is impossible to maintain its Vigor Ease nourishes the Body and feeds the Mind But as moderate Ease is wholesom so immoderate Sloth is hurtful for it dulls the vigor of the Mind and begets Crudity For as by Exercise the Native Heat is increas'd and Concoction expedited so is it by Sloth extinguish'd and Concoction hinder'd Of the Excrements D. What Excrements are wholesom C. The several Excrements if they be moderate and seasonably thrown off are wholesom but if they be kept in and tarry too long in the Body they putrefie and breed several sorts of Diseases Wherefore for the preservation of Health they are to be expell'd in time by the help of Art D. But artificial evacuation is not convenient because we learn out of Hippocrates That sane People purg'd by Cathartick Med'cins suddenly decay C. That is to be understood of such as are of an unblameable habit of Body who before Meals are constant in their exercise of their Body and Mind and take an accurate care in observing due Concoction But as for them who keep no constant method of Feeding or through Intemperance or Business or Ignorance tho healthy and strong they cannot pretend to be safe from Diseases unless it be by a provident loosning the Belly by intervals or sometimes by making use of more powerful Purgation and by seasonable opening a Vein or taking such Remedies as are effectual to concoct attenuate and cleanse as Galen tells us in his Book De Euchymia D. What is to be observ'd in determining the Quantity of Evacuation C. You are always to consider the strength of the Person for all Evacuation too excessive is dangerous because it weak'ns the strength D. What is the method of Evacuation C. Where there is most superfluous Matter there by little and little not all at once evacuation is to be made lest the Body be too suddenly and too violently weak'nd therefore it is better to let Bloud often then to take away too much at one time In the same manner it is safe to purge the Body by moderate reiteration then to give a Scowrer all at once Thus it is better to procure Sweat Urine or Womens Flowers by gentle reiterated Med'cins then by one forcible Medicament And thus the moderate Use of the Venereal Act with due cessation may be wholsom for the preservation whereas the immoderate use of it is the destruction of Health D. What is the fittest time for Evacuation C. As for the Season of the Year the Spring is the fittest for Bloud-letting and Purging according to the Opinion of Hippocrates for then saith Philotheus the Heat is neither too fierce which a Dissolution of the Body nor the Cold too vehement which thickens the Humors Galen also prescribes the Evacuation of superfluous Humors in Autumn by way of Precaution Now for the Excrements which are hurtful in themselves as the Excrement of the Guts Urine Sweat Snot and Spittle they are daily to be evacuated but such as are only hurtful in their Excess as the Seed and Menstruous Bloud they may be retain'd till their Quantity offend Moderate Coition after the first Sleep is most profitable as well for the preservation of Health as for Generation for then the Seed is perfectly concocted and the loss of Spirits is easily made good again by the ensuing Sleep Coition during the coming down of the Monthly Courses is prohibited for fear the Birth prove Leprous nor is it good upon a full or a fasting Stomach The Spring is the most proper season and Youth the most proper Age for it In other Ages of men the Seed is either none at all or else unfit for Generation If the Flowers come not down they are to be provok'd by Art at the same time that usually they came down before But neither Women with Child nor Nurses nor young Girles nor Old Women are permitted to make use of Art in that particular Of the Passions of the Mind D. Of all the things not Natural which belong to the preservation of Health there only remain those which the Latins call Perturbations of the Mind I desire thee to explain what and how many they are and whether they be wholesom or no C. The Passions are Motions of the Mind violent and contrary to right Reason which cause an alteration in the Body because of the extraordinary force of the Native Heat acting together with the Spirit and Bloud both without and within There are four Principal Passions two arising from an Opinion of a good Object as Gladness or Joy and Desire and as many out of an apprehension of a bad Object as Sadness and Fear Anger and Shame are added but the first being a burning Desire of Revenge is referr'd to Desire as the latter may be said to relate to Fear The two first sorts of Passion if they be moderate are wholesom otherwise pernicious For many pusilanimous Persons have expir'd through immoderate Joy as the Writings of several Authors testifie but all the rest are hurtful for many have di'd through vehement and sudden grief at what time a weak little Soul being oppress'd by a strong Affection was presently extinct and suffocated while all the Bloud was violently carry'd away to make an inundation upon its first Original Thus Pliny relates that P. Rutilius hearing the News of his Brothers Repulse upon his putting in for the Consulship presently expir'd Thus upon the 16th of August 1619. Monteler a Noble young Gentleman of Tours and Lieutenant Colonel of the Regiment of Ments through extraordinary Grief fell down suddenly dead as he was talking in the Street His Body being open'd all his Bowels appear'd to
Head the Consequence of which was a Delirium All the Remedies that the most Famous Physicians of Tours could imagine were apply'd but all to no purpose wherefore he was remov'd to Pressignac at a good distance from the King's Court whither I was call'd together with three other of the most eminent to try our Skill but notwithstanding all the most violent Remedies that could be rationally us'd not being able to vanquish the Distemper at length he dy'd Lethargic His Body being open'd under the formost right-side Ventricle a part of it was apparently corrupted in which there appear'd various and sundry forms of an Aposteme the Vesicles of which were about the bigness of a Pine-Nut This Observation I thought fit to give thee an accompt of by the way Now let us return to the General Discourse of Apostemes Of how many sorts are Tumors preternatural C. Fourfold Phlegmone Erysipelas Oedema and Skirrus D. What is Phlegmone C. It is a Tumor preternatural caus'd by the Bloud starting out of the Veins and dilating the Part with Heat Redness Paint Beating and resisting the Touch. D. What is an Erysipelas C. An Inflammation very hot lying in the Skin and sometimes incroaching upon the Flesh underneath proceeding from a Choleric hot Blood which by reason of its thinness causes no great Swelling but disperses it self in length and breadth every way D. What is an Oedema C. A cold loose white Tumor void of pain leaving the print of the finger that touches it proceeding from a Phlegmatic Humor D. What is a Skirrhus C. A hard resisting Tumor void of pain with little or no sence of feeling proceeding from a Melancholy Humor D. What is a Wound C. It is a new separation of the Contiguity in soft parts by some Cut Bite or other external Accident D. What is an Vlcer C. The separation of the Continuity in soft parts made by Corrosion D. What is a Fracture C. It is the Union of the Bone separated occasioned by some external Accident bruising or breaking the same D. What is Luxation C. It is the falling or slipping of a Joynt out of its proper place into another to the impeding the voluntary Motion Of Morbific Causes D. What is here meant by the word Cause C. An Affection against Nature which causes the Disease the knowledge of which is call'd Aetiology D. The Cause of a Disease is generally substantial as some Humor or Wind or something else preternatural as a Stone but Affection is a Quality therefore Affection is not properly the cause of a Disease C. The Word Affection is otherwise us'd by Galen and Aristotle that is for every thing that is able to destroy the natural Temper and Structure of the Body and injure its Actions whether it be Substance or Quality D. Of how many sorts are Morbisic Causes C. Twofold Internal and External D. Which is the Internal Cause C. That which resides within the Body D. Of how many sorts is this C. Twofold the preceding and containing D. Which is the Antecedent Cause C. That which nourishes the Disease D. Of how many kinds C. Two Plethoric and Cacochymic D. What is the Plethora C. A Redundancy of all the Humors equally augmented or else a redundancy of the Blood alone D. How many kinds are there of Plethora C. Two the one in respect of the Strength the other in respect of the Vessels D. What is a Plethora in respect of the Strength C. When the Blood neither in quantity nor quality exceeding due measure yet oppresses the Strength debilitated by some other Cause D. What is a Plethora as to the Vessels C. When the Humor exceeds its due measure which is either light when it only fills the Cavity of the Veins and only exceeds proportion by a little or distensive when it distends and almost rends the Tunicles of the Veins D. How does the Plethora in respect of the Vessels and that other in respect of the Strength differ C. When during the Plethora the Body waxes heavy yet the Strength of all parts remains equal only there is a fulness of the Vessels But if the Body and the Arteries wax heavy and the motion grows slow if a drowsie disturb'd and unquiet Sleep follow and the Patient complain of being oppress'd by some weight or that he carries some burden or dream he cannot be remov'd out of his place then it is an over-fulness oppressing the Strength D. What are the Signs of a Plethory C. The Antecedent are the Causes breeding plenty of Blood such as are the just temper of the Body Age the Spring-Season a temperate Clime good Diet and the accustomed evacuation of Blood suppressed But the consequent Causes are Accidents which demonstrate an over-fulness and predominancy of the Blood as a red colour in the Face swelling of the Veins dilatation of the Vessels a spontaneous stretching Lassitude a bigger Bulk of Body a fleshy habit of Body a merry and jocund disposition stupidity drowsiness a strong Pulse and thick difficulty of breathing and an aptness to bleed c. D. What is Cacochymy C. Cacochymy is the redundancy of yellow or black Choler or Flegm whence it is said to be threefold Choleric Melancholic and Flegmatic D. By what Signs is a Choleric Cacochymy known C. First from the Causes demonstrating exuberancy of Choler as a hot and dry Constitution a constant and florid Age Summer a dry Season a hot and dry Clime a hot and dry Diet and then by the signs of yellow Choler abounding in the Body as a pale Face yellow or blackish a dry Habit of Body lean slender hairy acute Senses swift and expedite a sharp and diligent Wit little Sleep and unquiet much Waking Dreams of War a swift and frequent Pulse want of Stomach an unquenchable Thirst his Vomits and Stools full of Choler Urine yellow or somewhat inclining to Flame colour with little sediment c. D. By what signs is a Melancholy Cacochymy understood C. First from the Causes shewing the Exuberancy of Melancholy a natural Temper cold and dry weakness of the Spleen inclining Age Autumn-Season strong Diet a melancholy way of living Then from the several signs of prevailing Melancholy a Leaden colour in the Countenance a dry habit of Body and lean a fix'd Aspect grim and sowr full of fear and sadness turbulent Sleep little and slow Pulse c. D. By what Signs is a Flegmatic Cacochymy distinguish'd C. First from the Causes that increase Flegm a Temper cold and moist old Age Winter-Season a moist constitution of the Air unseasonable Eating a sedentary Life and long Sleep Then from the Signs demonstrating redundancy of Flegm a white livid complexion swell'd cheeks a large sat body small veins white hair slow in his Actions thick skull'd a profound sleeper dreaming much of Water and drowning a slow soft Pulse c. D. What is the containing Cause C. That which most nearly breeds the Disease by some call'd the conjoyn'd cause D. Well then I will
be sound only we observ'd his Pericardium to be full not only of Water but a great quantity of thick Bloud which upon some vehement motion foregoing the Heart being contracted through extream Grief had made its way through the two Lappets and suddenly suffocated the Principle of Life whence follow'd sudden Death Through Fear also the Spirits and Bloud are drawn back to their first Fountain whence it comes to pass that the Parts wax cold the Countenance grows pale the Body quivers Utterance fails and the force and strength of the whole Frame grows weak and faint On the other side in Anger the motion of the Natural Heat is more vehement which at length throws it self forth with violence into the outmost parts From whence the Countenance becomes red and the whole Body being warm becomes more bold and ready to put it self forth into danger In Shame both the inner and outer Parts suffer because the Heat first flies to the inner Parts and then throws it self forth again Seeing then the force of the Perturbations of the Mind is so great it behoves the Physician to correct or expel them by all the Art imaginable THE THIRD DISPUTATION Of Things Preter-Natural In the Knowledge of Pathology employs it self Doctor THus far of things Natural and not Natural it remains behind to treat of things Preternatural What are Preternatural things Cand. Those things which destroy the Natural Constitution of the Body of Man are call'd Affections or such Postures of Evil under which the Body suffers which being by the Greeks call'd Pathe therefore the Learning which handles these Affections is call'd Pathology D. How many Preternatural Affections are there C. Three The Disease the Cause and the Symptom In regard that every Affection of the Body receding from its natural Constitution is either a Disease or the Cause of Disease or a Symptom as Galen testifies l. 1. De Diff. Symp. D. How are they distinguish'd one from another C. That Affection which hinders the Action is call'd a Disease if any thing follow this a Symptom that which occasions it the Cause Of Diseases D. What is a Disease C. A Disease is a Preternatural Affection by which the Action is first harm'd D. I thus dispute against it Every Disease is not a Disposition therefore is ill defin'd by Galen C. I deny the Antecedent D I prove it thus For the most part a Disease is a Habit but Disposition is not a Habit yea it is oppos'd to Habit by Aristotle because Habit is a permanent Quality which cannot easily be remov'd from the Subject but Disposition is a Quality that may be easily remov'd from the Subject C. The Word Disposition that is Affection is understood by Galen not according to that more special signification wherein Disposition that is a preparation to Habit is us'd by Aristotle but according to the more general signification under which he comprehends Disposition and Habit for some Diseases easily come and soon go off others are with difficulty remov'd D. Moreover by this Argument I prove that the Disease does not in the first place injure the Action Faculty differs from Action as the Cause from the Effect but the Disease first injures the Faculty therefore the Action is not first injur'd C. That is false in an Organic Distemper for the Use of the Instrument may be hinder'd without any injury to the Faculty D. However in a similar Disease the Faculty is injur'd before the Action C. I answer A Physician makes his Judgment of all things according to Sense but we do not find the Faculty hurt before we find the Action fail D. Besides I thus prove That every Disease does not injure the Action A Wound is a Disease but the Functions of the wounded Part remain entire because it attracts retains assimilates the Bloud and lastly restores the portion of Flesh cut off There every Disease does not injure the Action C. I Answer these things are performed by the found part which are next to the Wound D. How many general Divisions are there of a Disease C. A Disease is threefold Similar Organic and Common D. What is a Similar Disease C. A Distemper which first injures the Action of the Similar Part. D. Of how many sorts is Distemper C. It is either Simple or Compound A Simple Distemper is either hot cold moist or dry The Compound Distemper is either hot and moist hot and dry cold and moist cold and dry at that either alone or joyn'd with Matter D. What is an Organic Distemper C. A Disproportion of the Structure which first injures the use of the Organ D. Of how many sorts is it C. It is fourfold either in the forming the Magnitude the Number or Situation D. What is the Disease of Form C. The Disease of Form is when the natural Figure of the Frame is deprav'd or when a Passage or Cavity is dilated beyond measure or streightn'd or obstructed where it should not be or when the Part is rough where it should be smooth or smooth where it should be rough D. What is the Disease of Magnitude C. The Disease of Magnitude is when any Part is increa'sd or diminish'd beyond or beneath its due proportion D. What is the Disease of Number C. The Disease of Number is when any Part is wanting or superabounds D. What is the Disease of Situation C. When any Part loosens from its proper place as when the Kall or great Gut falls into the Scrotum D. What is the Common Disease C. The separation of the Continuity which hinders the Functions of both parts D. Of how many sorts is the separation of Continuity C. Fourfold A Wound an Ulcer a Fracture a putting out of Joynt which may be likewise call'd a Disease in Situation D. Why do you here omit a Tumor against Nature C. Because a Tumor preternatural is said to be a compounded Disease of Distemper ill Figure and separation of the Continuity by a Word from the Greek call'd an Aposteme D. How many significations will the Word Aposteme bear C. Two The one General and the other Special for generally the Word Aposteme is taken for any Tumor which is preternatural but specially for an Inflammation brought to Suppuration and many times for a Tumor wherein some certain Matter appears in the Vesicle resembling Honey or Grease or thick Grewel D. Where do these Apostemes breed C. In the extream Parts of the Body D. There 't is true they use to breed but we observ'd not long since a new place which they had found out never heard of before in the Schools of the Physicians The most Illustrious the Marquess of Monte-pezzati a Person of a sharp Wit upon the ceasing of a Dysentery to which he had been subject from his younger years and after a suppression of the Emrods which for eight years together had kept their constant course in the 49th year of his Age 1619. he was taken at Tours with a violent and obstinate pain in the