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A26895 The Christian religion expressed I, briefly in the ancient creeds, the Ten commandments, and the Lords prayer, and, II, more largely in a profession taken out of the Holy Scriptures, containing 1, the articles of the Christian belief, 2, our consent to the gospel covenant, 3, the sum of Christian duty, according to the primitive simplicity, purity, and practice, fitted to the right instruction of the ignorant, the promoting of holiness, and the charitable concord of all true believers ... / by Richard Baxter. Baxter, Richard, 1615-1691. 1660 (1660) Wing B1221; ESTC R25270 38,730 88

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them to expiate their sins by his sacrifice and sanctifie them further by his Spirit and confirm their right to everlasting life and they are received eaten and drunk by the Church to profess that they willingly receive Christ himself to the ends aforesaid their Justification Sanctification and Glorification and to signifie and solemnize the renewal of their Covenant with him and their holy Communion with him and with one another 35. The Sacrament of the Lords Supper containeth in it these three parts 1. The Consecration of the Bread and Wine 2. The Representation and Commemoration of the Sacrifice of Christ 3. And the giving to and participation by the Church The Consecration hath chief respect unto God the Father the Representation and Commemoration to the Son as sacrificed and the Giving and Participation to the applying operations of the Holy Ghost As it must first be the Body and Blood of Christ before it be sacrificed and first offered in sacrifice to God before it is offered for nourishment and salvation unto men so is it in the order of Sacramental representation 36. The Consecration is performed by the Churches offering up the Creatures of Bread and Wine to God to be accepted to this holy use and by Gods acceptance of them as dedicated thereunto The Churches dedication is expressed by the present action and Gods acceptance is expressed by his command and promise and the ministerial acception and benediction The Minister in this action is the agent of the people in offering or dedicating these creatures unto God and he is Gods Agent or Minister in receiving and blessing them 37. In this dedication of the Bread and Wine to God to be the consecrated matter of the commemorative representative sacrifice the Church acknowledgeth the three grand relations of God to his people 1. We acknowledge him the Creator and Owner of all the Creatures 2. We acknowledge him our Righteous Soveraign Ruler whose Law we have offended and who hath received the attonement and whose Laws we do herein obey And 3. We acknowledge him our Father or bounteous benefactor by whom we are sustained and whose love we have forfeited and with whom we desire by Christ to be reconciled 38. This consecration maketh not the Bread to be no Bread or the Wine to be no longer Wine nor doth it make any addition to or change upon the glorified real Body of Christ but it maketh the Bread to be Sacramentally Christs Body and the Wine to be Sacramentally his Blood that is representatively as an Actor in a Tragedy is the person whom he representeth or as in Investitures a sword is the honour of Knighthood or a key is the house or a twig or turf is the land 39. Because Christ was to be invisible to us and the heavens must receive him till the restoration of all things therefore as he hath sent his Spirit within to be his Agent in his members so hath he appointed his Ordinances without and especially this visible solemn Representation and Commemoration of his sacrifice that our faith might hereby be helped and our souls might be raised to such apprehensions of his love and the mercy of our Redemption as if we had even seen him crucified before our eyes and this till his glorious return when we shall enjoy him visibly in his glory 40. As Christ in his Intercession as our high Priest in the heavens procureth and conveyeth his benefits of salvation upon the account of his sacrifice once offered on the Cross so doth the Church in this Commemoration present him unto God the Father as the sacrificed Lamb in whom they profess themselves to believe and by whom alone they expect salvation and all the blessings tending thereunto 41. In this Commemoration the Minister is chiefly the Agent of Christ in representing his voluntary offering up himself unto the Father in sacrifice for sin And he is the Agent of the people in that part of the Commemoration in which they profess their Believing in a crucified Christ and thankfulness for him and dependance on him as their hope 42. Jesus Christ having finished the work of Redemption which he was to do on earth in the days of his flesh ascended and is glorified with the Father and being become the perfect head and treasure of the Church hath in his Testament or new Covenant made a free gift of himself and life to all that will receive him as he is offered and he hath appointed his Ministers not only to proclaim this gift unto the world but also in his name to deliver it to the Church And it is a great encouragement and comfort to Believers that it is a Minister or Agent of Christ himself that by his command and in his name doth say to them Take ye eat ye this is my Body which is broken for you And this is my Blood of the New Testament which is shed for you drink ye all of it Christ himself with his saving benefits being herewith as truly offered to their faith as the signs and representations are offered to their hands and mouths Though it be still but consecrated bread and wine that doth represent yet is it the very Body and Blood of Christ that is represented and Christ himself as the Head of the Church and fountain of our renewed life and as our spiritual nourishment that is truly given us and received by us 43. It is therefore unmeet for any but a lawful Minister of Christ who is authorized hereunto to administer this holy Sacrament both because no other are called to it in the holy Scripture nor can shew any warrant for such an undertaking and because it is very injurious to the comfort of the Church when they know not that the person hath any authority to deliver them so great a mercy from the Lord nor whether Christ will own his ministration 44. The Ministers must partake of this holy Sacrament with the Church not as they are the Agents of Christ for the delivery of it but as they themselves are his Disciples and members of the Chruch 45. Before the receiving of this holy Sacrament we ought to examine our selves that we may come preparedly with repentance for all known sin and faith in Christ and an humble feeling of our own necessities and a thankful sense of the love of God expressed in our redemption by Christ and a hungring and thirsting after him and his righteousness and with an unfeigned love unto our brethren and a high estimation of the union and communion of the Saints and with a resolution to walk in holy obedience to God in patient hope of the coming of Christ and of the everlasting Kingdom where we shall be perfectly in him united which holy affections are also to be exercised in the time of our Communion in this Sacrament and afterwards upon the review of what we have here received and done 46. The Word and Prayer must be joyned with the Sacrament The nature and use of it
these blessed ends we must beg such necessaries of our life as the supportation of our natures for the work of God requireth And the forgiveness of all our sins through Christ which yet we cannot expect to receive if we from our hearts forgive not others And a gratious preservation from temptations or the power of them and from Satan and sin the greatest evils That so the holiness of our hearts and lives may shew that we are the loyal subjects of the Kingdom of our Lord and that we acknowledge and magnifie his Soveraign power and live as a people devoted to his glory And all this we must beg in an humble sense of our great unworthiness misery necessity and insufficiency to help our selves and in the name of Christ in understanding and faith and therefore not in a tongue that we understand not and with fervency and uncessant importunity as directed excited and strengthened by the Spirit of Christ 27. Our thanksgiving unto God must not be like the Pharisees in hypocrisie and pride or to make ostentation of things that we never had but in humility and holy joyfulness of mind we must declare our thankfulness for our Creation Redemption Justification and Reconciliation with God our Sanctification and all the parts thereof and helps thereunto For the Gospel and Ministery and the plantation preservation and propagation of the Church thereby for common and special works of providence for the good of the Church our brethren or our selves for mercies ordinary or extraordinary spiritual or corporal for prevention of evils or removing them for the quality and degree the suitableness and seasonableness of all our mercies with the rest of their aggravations especially for those that most promote our everlasting happiness and the publike good and glory of the Lord 28. The matter of our holy praises of the Lord must be his blessed and infinite Being and Nature and all his Attributes his infinite Power and Wisdom and Goodness his Truth and Holiness and Love his absolute Dominion his Soveraignty and Fatherly benignity his Justice and his Mercy even as they are revealed in the works of the Creation and in the glass of the holy Scripture and in the person of Jesus Christ and in the Image of God upon his Saints And all these his works also must be praised in subserviency to his praise And because it is a most high and excellent duty to praise the Lord we must strive to do it with all the faith and reverence and admiration and love and delight and joy and cheerfulness that possibly we can attain and this with constancy as our daily work with our eye on heaven where we shall do it in perfection to all eternity 29. As the holy Scriptures should be read in a tongue that the people understand so should the purest exactest translation of them be used that can be had And though it be not of absolute necessity to the communion or peace of the Churches yet it is to be desired and endeavoured that all neighbour Churches that are of one language do all agree in the use of that one translation 30. Though in cases of necessity the Gospel may be publikely expounded and applied by the reading of the Expositions and Sermons of others yet as it is meet that the Preachers of the Gospel be able to perform this work themselves by the abilities given them from God in the use of just and edifying means so it is meet that by diligent studying meditation and prayer these abilities be improved and that from this holy and spiritual treasure within them the Ministers of Christ do draw forth sound Explication with pertinent lively Application of the truth 31. So also in the publike prayers though it be lawful in it self to read the words of prayer prescribed us by others yet as all Ministers should be able to pray themselves from the knowledge and feeling of their own and the peoples wants so it is meet that their graces and holy abilities be ordinarily exercised in such prayer and that they be not restrained from speaking to God in such sound and meet expressions as shall either presently or by the means of their preparations proceed from the sense of the matter of their prayers excited and drawn forth by the assistance of the Spirit of Christ But whether any particular Pastor should use a stinted form of words imposed by others or invented by himself or whether he shall pray without such stinted forms or both by turns is a point to be determined according to his own abilities and the state of his flock and other accidents but it is not to be made a matter of such necessity in it self as to lay the unity or peace of the Churches or the liberty of the Pastors and Worshippers of Christ upon it 32. The Publike Praises of God must be expressed by the Pastor in such words as are produced by that holy knowledge faith admiration love and delight with which his soul should be possessed that is so nigh to God and also by the recitation of sacred Psalms and Hymns and by the cheerfull singing of such by the Church wherein the melody must be spiritually and not carnally used for the assisting of our souls in the exercise of that holy alacrity and joy that is required in so high a work and not to draw off our minds from the matter nor to stop at the pleasing of our ears Such Psalms also may be recited or sung as contain matter of confession of sin petition thanksgiving and such narratives as tend to praise 33. The form of words to be said and sung must be taken especially out of the holy Scriptures to which use we have the Psalms of David and other Hymns And also we may use such as have been or shall be composed by wise and holy men agreeable to the doctrine of the Scripture and fuited to the Gospel frame of worship and as far as may be even in Scripture phrase And though it be not meet to insist upon a concord in lesser things when it cannot be attained without the violation of concord in greater things yet is it much to be desired and endeavoured that all the Churches of the same language especially that are near and in the same dominions should agree in using the same Psalms and Hymns for matter and meeter and that the version so agreed on be the best that they can have 34. The Eucharist or Supper of the Lord is a holy Sacrament instituted by Christ wherein bread and wine being first by consecration made Sacramentally or representatively the Body and Blood of Christ they are used by breaking and pouring out to represent and commemorate the sacrifice of Christs Body and Blood upon the Cross once offered up to God for sin and are given in the name of Christ unto the Church to signifie and solemnize the renewal of his holy Covenant with them and sealing it unto them and the giving of himself to
must be opend and the people excited to the exercise of the duties before mentioned Sin must be confessed and lamented and mercy implored and thankfully acknowledged and the goodness of God especially manifested in the work of our Redemption must with the greatest admiration alacrity and joy that we can attain to be magnified and praised till this unspeakable love of God in Christ hath drawn out our hearts in fervent love to him again And it will be most suitable to this Eucharistical Ordinance that the Church do sing some Psalm or Hymn of praise to God for the mercies of our Redemption 47. Those are to be invited to the Supper of the Lord that have these necessary qualifications in some degree and the rest to be acquainted with the danger of eating and drinking unworthily Those only are to be admitted to the Table of the Lord that have the use of reason and can examine themselves and are members of the Church and have made a personal credible profession of faith and holiness and are not justly for heresie or any scandalous sin removed from present communion with the Church 48. The using or not using of forms of prayer in the administration of this Sacrament is to be determined of as aforesaid in the other parts of worship according to the different abilities of Ministers and state of the several congregations and other accidents that should weigh in such indifferent things But as in the Administration of Baptism it is ordinarily meetest and most safe to use the express form of words which Christ hath directed us to and the Church hath still used viz. I Baptize thee in the name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost so in the Administration of the Sacrament of the Lords Supper it is safest and meetest that we use the words that Christ by his example hath directed us to use As Matth. 26. 26 27 28. Luk. 22. 19 20. 1 Cor. 11. 24 25. viz. Take ye eat ye this is my Body which is broken for you this do in remembrance of me and This is the Blood of Christ even of the New Testament or this is the New Testament in the Blood of Christ which is shed for many for the remission of sins drink ye all of it in remembrance of him 49. As it is not unmeet for the Church at other times when they assemble to make a solemn profession of the Christian faith and of holy obedience to manifest their constancy therein and to declare what doctrine it is that we assemble to profess and to preserve it in the minds of all so is it more especially meet that at Baptism and the Lords Supper when we are solemnly to renew our Covenant with the Lord the Covenanters do renew this solemn Profession To which end it is most safe to make use of the ancient forms of Confession called The Apostles Creed and the Nicene Creed and also to recite the Ten Commandments with a profession of our consent to the terms of the Covenant with God the Father Son and Holy Ghost To which if we at lest sometimes adjoyn some fuller Explication of the Creed and Decalogue such as is our Profession here before set down it will not be unprofitable or unmeet And in such manner it may all be managed and such signs or expressions of consent required as the Pastors shall judge meet for the attainment of the desired ends with liberty for such variations as are necessary to prevent a dead formality 50. At the dismission of the Assembly it is meet that the Pastor do solemnly bless them in the name of Christ to which he is authorized as an act of his Ministerial Office 51. Deacons are Church-Officers instituted by the Holy Ghost to be serviceable to the Pastors and the Church by the distribution of the Creatures dedicated to the Church-Communion and taking care for the supplying of the necessities of the poor out of the contributions or stock of the Church 52. The first day of the week is appointed or separated by the Holy Ghost for the holy Assemblies and publike worship of the Church and other holy exercises and is herein to be improved to the honour of God and the edification of our selves and others and all other imployments are therein to be avoided that any way hinder the holy duties of the day except such as become a greater duty upon the account of Piety Justice or Mercy That some stated time be separated to the publike service of God and the benefit of our souls is a thing that the law of Nature doth command that this stated time should be at least one day in seven the reason and equity at least of the fourth Commandment doth acquaint us that this day should be every first day of the week the Holy Ghost in the New Testament hath revealed to us acquainting us with Christs rising on that day which laid the foundation of the change and of the Assembling of his Disciples on that day and his owning their Assembly by his appearing to them and teaching them and blessing them and giving them their commission and the Holy Ghost Joh. 20. 19 to 24. The same they did the next first day where he again appeared and owned their Assembly and revealed himself unto them Joh. 20. 26 27. And that this was the practice of the Apostles and the Primitive Christian Churches directed by them appeareth Act. 20. 7 8. 1 Cor. 16. 1 2. so that it was called the Lords Day as the last day before was called the Sabbath Rev. 1. 10. And to put us out of all doubt of the matter of fact and consequently of the meaning of these texts of Scripture the certain Tradition and most Concordant history of the Church assureth us that ever since the days of the Apostles the universal Church in all parts of the world hath constantly observed the Lords Day in Commemoration of the Resurrection of Christ which it is not possible that they could have done without contradiction and rebukes from the Apostles themselves or some of the Churches which they planted if it had not been a certain truth Those therefore that will be against the holy observation of the Lords Day must either impudently deny the Testimony of all Church History and Tradition which with one consent assure us that it was observed universally in the Christian Churches from the Apostles daies as a thing by them established and practised or else they must imagine that all the dispersed Churches through the world conspired in the teaching and practising of such an error without any known rebuke wherein it had been most easie for any to have convicted them to be slanderers of the Apostles or the Ages that were before them Having therefore so much in Nature in the fourth Commandment in the New Testament and the Doctrine and Practice of the universal Church for our holy observation of this day it ill beseems any Christian to forsake all or any of these and think