should enjoy their pleasure in the Acostrich but upon that occasion Tertullian speaks pertinently to this Article Nos pisciculi secundum {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} nostrum Iesum Christum in aquâ nascimur Christ whom you call a fish we knowledge to be our Lord and Saviour and we if you please are the little fishes for we are born in water thence we derive our spiritual life And because from henceforward we are a new creation the Church uses to assign new relations to the Catechumens Spiritual Fathers and Susceptors and at their entrance into Baptism the Christians and Jewish Proselytes did use to cancel all secular affections to their temporal relatives Nec quicquam prius imbuuntur quà m contemnere Deos exuere patriam parentes liberos fratres vilia habere said Tacitus of the Christians which was true in the sense onely as Christ said He that deth not hate father or mother for my sake is not worthy of me that is he that doth not hate them prae me rather then forsake me forsake them is unworthy of me 4. In Baptism all our sins are pardoned according to the words of a Prophet I will sprinkle clean water upon you and ye shall be clean from all your filthinesse The Catechumen descends into the font a sinner he arises purified he goes down the son of death he comes up the son of the resurrection he enters in the son of folly and praevarication he returns the son of reconciliation he stoops down the childe of wrath and ascends the heir of mercy he was the childe of the Devil and now he is the servant and the son of God They are the words of Ven. Bede concerning this Mystery And this was ingeniously signified by that Greek inscription upon a Font which is so prettily contriv'd that the words may be read after the Greek or after the Hebrew manner and be exactly the same {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Lord wash my sin and not my face onely And so it is intended and promised Arise and be baptized and wash away thy sins and call on the Name of the Lord said Ananias to Saul for Christ loved the Church and gave himself for it that he might sanctify and cleanse it {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} with the washing of water in the word that is Baptism in the Christian Religion and therefore Tertullian calls Baptism lavacrum compendiatum a compendious laver that is an intire cleansing the soul in that one action justly and rightly performed In the rehearsal of which doctrine it was not an unpleasant Etymology that Anastasius Sinaita gave of Baptism {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} quasi {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} in which our sins are thrown off and they fall like leeches when they are full of blood and water or like the chains from S. Peters hands at the presence of the Angel Baptism is {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} an intirefull forgivenesse of sins so that they shall never be called again to scrutiny Omnia Daemonis arma His merguntur aquis quibus ille renascitur Infans Qui captivus erat the captivity of the soul is taken away by the blood of Redemption and the fiery darts of the Devil are quenched by these salutary waters and what the flames of hell are expiating or punishing to eternal ages that is washed off quickly in the Holy Font and an eternal debt paid in an instant for so sure as the Egyptians were drowned in the Red sea so sure are our sins washed in this holy flood for this is a Red sea too these waters signifie the blood of Christ these are they that have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} The blood of Christ cleanseth us the water cleanseth us the Spirit purifies us the Blood by the Spirit the Spirit by the Water all in Baptism and in pursuance of that baptismal state These three are they that bear record in earth the Spirit the Water and the blood {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} these three agree in one or are to one purpose they agree in Baptism and in the whole pursuance of the assistances which a Christian needs all dayes of his life And therefore S. Cyril calls Baptism {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} the Antitype of the Passions of Christ it does preconsign the death of Christ and does the infancy of the work of grace but not weakly it brings from death to life and though it brings us but to the birth in the new life yet that is a greater change then is in all the periods of our growth to manhood to a perfect man in Christ Iesus 5. Baptism does not onely pardon our sins but puts us into a state of pardon for the time to come Eor Baptism is the beginning of the New life and an admission of us into the Evangelical Covenant which on our parts consists in a sincere and timely endeavour to glorify God by Faith and Obedience and on Gods part he will pardon what is past assist us for the future and not measure us by grains and scruples or exact our duties by the measure of an Angel but by the span of a mans hand So that by Baptism we are consigned to the mercies of God and the graces of the Gospel that is that our pardon be continued and our piety be a state of Repentance And therefore that Baptism which in the Nicene Creed we profess to be for the remission of sins is called in the Ierusalem Creed The Baptism of Repentance that is it is the entrance of a new life the gate to a perpetual change and reformation all the way continuing our title to and hopes of forgiveness of sins And this excellency is clearly recorded by S. Paul The kindeness and love of God our Saviour toward man hath appeared not by works in righteousness which we have done that 's the formality of the Gospel-Covenant not to be exacted by the strict measures of the Law but according to his mercy he saved us that is by gentleness and remissions by pitying pardoning us by relieving and supporting us because he remembers that we are but dust and all this mercy we are admitted to and is conveyed to us {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} by the laver of regeneration and the renewing of the holy Ghost And this plain evident doctrine was observed explicated and urged against the Messalians who said that Baptism was like a razor that cut away all the sins that were past or presently adhering but not the sins of our future life {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} This Sacrament promises more and greater things It is the earnest of future good things the type of the Resurrection the communication of the Lords Passion the
partaking of his Resurrection the robe of Righteousness the garment of gladness the vestment of Light or rather Light it selfe And for this reason it is that Baptism is not to be repeated because it does at once all that it can doe at a hundred times for it admits us to the condition of Repentance and Evangelical Mercy to a state of pardon for our infirmities and sins which we timely and effectually leave and this is a thing that can be done but once as a man can begin but once he that hath once entred in at this gate of life is alwayes in possibility of pardon if he be in a possibility of working and doing after the manner of a man that which he hath promised to the Son of God And this was expresly delivered and observed by S. Austin That which the Apostle sayes Cleansing him with the washing of water in the word is to be understood that in the same laver of regeneration and word of sanctification all the evils of the regenerate are cleansed and healed not onely the sins that are past which all are now remitted in Baptism but also those that are contracted afterwards by humane ignorance and infirmity Not that Baptism be repeated as often as we sin but because by this which is once administred is brought to pass that pardon of all sins not onely of those that are past but also those which will be committed afterwards is obtained The Messalians denyed this and it was part of their Heresie in the undervaluing of Baptism and for it they are most excellently confuted by Isidore Pelusiot in his third Book 195 Epistle to the Count Hermin whither I refer the Reader In proportion to this Doctrine it is that the holy Scripture calls upon us to live a holy life in pursuance of this grace of Baptism And S. Paul recalls the lapsed Galatians to their Covenant and the grace God stipulated in Baptism Ye are all children of God by faith in Iesus Christ that is heirs of the promise and Abrahams seed that promise which cannot be disannulled increased or diminished but is the same to us as it was to Abraham the same before the Law and after Therefore doe not you hope to be justified by the Law for you are entred into the Covenant of Faith and are to be justified thereby This is all your hope by this you must stand for ever or you cannot stand at all but by this you may for you are Gods children by faith that is not by the Law or the Covenant of Works And that you may remember whence you are going and return again he proves that they are the children of God by faith in Jesus Christ because they have been baptized into Christ and so put on Christ This makes you children and such as are to be saved by faith that is a Covenant not of Works but of Pardon in Jesus Christ the Authour and Establisher of this Covenant For this is the Covenant made in Baptism That being justified by his grace we shall be heirs of life eternal for by grace that is by favour remission and forgiveness in Jesus Christ ye are saved This is the onely way that we have of being justified and this must remain as long as we are in hopes of heaven for besides this we have no hopes and all this is stipulated and consigned in Baptism and is of force after our fallings into sin and risings again In pursuance of this the same Apostle declares That the several states of sin are so many recessions from the state of baptismal grace and if we arrive to the direct Apostasie and renouncing of or a contradiction to the state of Baptism we are then unpardonable because we are falne from our state of pardon This S. Paul conditions most strictly in his Epistle to the Hebrewes This is the Covenant I will make in those days I will put my laws in their hearts and their sins and iniquities will I remember no more Now where remission of these is there is no more offering for sin that is our sinnes are so pardoned that we need no more oblation we are then made partakers of the death of Christ which we afterwards renew in memory and Eucharist and representment But the great work is done in Baptism for so it follows Having boldnesse to enter into the Holiest by the blood of Iesus by a new and living way that is by the vail of his flesh his incarnation But how doe we enter into this Baptism is the door and the ground of this confidence for ever for so he addes Let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith having our hearts sprinkled from an evill conscience and our bodies washed with pure water This is the consignation of this blessed state and the gate to all this mercy Let us therefore hold fast the profession of our faith that is the Religion of a Christian the faith into which we were baptized for that is the faith that justifies and saves us Let us therefore hold fast this profession of this faith and doe all the intermedial works in order to the conservation of it such as are assembling in the Communion of Saints the use of the word and Sacrament is included in the precept mutual exhortation good Example and the like For if we sin wilfully after we have received the knowledge of the truth that is if we sin against the profession of this faith hold it not fast but let the faith and the profession goe wilfully which afterwards he cals a treading under foot the Son of God a counting the blood of the Covenant wherewith he was sanctified an unholy thing and a doing despight to the Spirit of Grace viz. which moved upon these waters and did illuminate him in Baptism if we do this there is no more sacrifice for sins no more deaths of Christ into which you may be baptized that is you are faln from the state of pardon and repentance into which you were admitted in Baptism and in which you continue so long as you have not quitted your baptismal Rights and the whole Covenant Contrary to this is that which S. Peter calls making our calling and election sure that is a doing all that which may continue us in our state of Baptism and the grace of the Covenant And between these two states of absolute Apostasie from and intirely adhering to and securing this state of Calling and Election are all the intermedial sins and being overtaken in single faults or declining towards vitious habits which in their several proportions are degrees of danger and insecurity which S. Peter calls {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} a forgetting our Baptism or purification from our sins And in this sense are those words The just shall live by faith that is by that profession which they made in Baptism from which if they swerve not they shall be supported in
the blessing of a sacrament and from being redeemed and washed with the blood of the Holy Lamb who was slain for all from the beginning of the world After all this it is not inconsiderable that we say the Church hath great power and authority about the Sacraments which is observeable in many instances She appointed what persons she pleased and in equal power made an unequal dispensation and ministery The Apostles first dispensed all things and then they left off exteriour ministeries to attend to the word of God and prayer and S. Paul accounted it no part of his office to baptize when he had been separated by imposition of hands at Antioch to the work of preaching and greater ministeries and accounted that act of the Church the act of Christ saying Christ sent mee not to baptize but to preach the Gospel they used various forms in the ministration of Baptism sometimes baptizing in the name of Christ sometimes expressely invocating the Holy and ever Blessed Trinity one while I baptize thee as in the Latine Church but in Greek Let the servant of Christ be Baptized and in all Ecclesiastical ministeries the Church invented the forms in most things hath often charged them as in absolution excommunication and sometimes they baptized people upon their profession of repentance and then taught them as it hapned to the Jaylor and all his family in whose case there was no explicit faith afore hand in the mysteries of Religion so far as appears and yet he and not onely he but all his house were baptized at that hour of the night when the earthquake was terrible and the fear was pregnant upon them this upon their Masters account as it is likely but others were baptized in the conditions of a previous faith and a new begun repentance * They baptized in rivers or in lavatories by dipping or by sprinkling for so we finde that S. Laurence did as he went to martyrdom and so the Church did sometimes to Clinicks and so it is highly convenient to be done in Northern Countries according to the prophecy of Isaiah So shall he sprinkle many Nations according as the typical expiations among the Jews were usually by sprinkling and it is fairly relative to the mystery to the sprinkling with the blood of Christ and the watering of the furrows of our souls with the dew of heaven to make them to bring forth fruit unto the Spirit and unto holinesse The Church sometimes dipt the Catechumen three times sometimes but once some Churches use fire in their baptisms so do the Ethiopians and the custome was antient in some places And so in the other Sacrament sometimes she stood and sometimes kneeled and sometimes received it in the mouth and sometimes in the hand one while in leavened another while in unleavened bread sometimes the wine and water were mingled sometimes they were pure and they admitted some persons to it sometimes which at other times she rejected sometimes the Consecration was made by one forme sometimes by another and to conclude sometimes it was given to Infants sometimes not and she had power so to do for in all things where there was not a Commandment of Christ expressed or imployed in the nature and in the end of the institution the Church had power to alter the particulars as was most expedient or conducing to edification and although the after ages of the Church which refused to communicate Infants have found some little things against the lawfulnesse and those ages that used it found out some pretences for its necessity yet both the one and the other had liberty to follow their own necessities so in all things they followed Christ Certainly there is infinitely more reason why Infants may be communicated then why they may not be baptized And that this discourse may revert to its first intention although there is no record extant of any Church in the world that from the Apostles dayes inclusively to this very day ever refused to baptize their children yet if they had upon any present reason they might also change their practise when the reason should be changed and therefore if there were nothing els in it yet the universal practise of all Churches in all ages is abundantly sufficient to determine us and to legltimate the practise since Christ hath not forbidden it It is sufficient confutation to disagreeing people to use the words of S. Paul We have no such custome nor the Churches of God to suffer children to be strangers from the Covenant of Promise till they shall enter into it as Jewes or Turks may enter that is by choise and disputation But although this alone to modest and obedient that is to Christian Spirits be sufficient yet this is more then the question did need It can stand upon its proper foundation Quicunque parvulos recentes ab uteris matrum baptizandos negat anathema est He that refuseth to baptize his Infants shall be in danger of the Councel The PRAYER O Holy and Eternall Iesus who in thy own person wert pleased to sanctify the waters of Baptism and by thy institution and Commandment didst make them effectual to excellent purposes of grace and remedy be pleased to verify the holy effects of Baptism to me and all thy servants whose names are dedicated to thee in an early and timely presentation and enable us with thy grace to verify all our promises by which we were bound then when thou didst first make us thy own portion and relatives in the consummation of a holy Covenant O be pleased to pardon all those undecencies and unhandsome interruptions of that state of favour in which thou didst plant us by thy grace and admit us by the gates of Baptism and let that Spirit which moved upon those holy waters never be absent from us but call upon us and invite us by a perpetual argument and daily solicitations and inducements to holinesse that we may never return to the filthinesse of sin but by the answer of a good conscience may please thee and glorify thy name and doe honour to thy religion and institution in this world and may receive the blessings and the rewards of it in the world to come being presented to thee pure and spotlesse in the day of thy power when thou shalt lead thy Church to a Kingdome and endlesse glories Amen The End §. 1. §. 2. John 4. 14. §. 3. 1 Pet. 3. 21. §. 4. §. 5. Umbra in lege imago in Evangelio veritas in coelo S. Ambr. §. 6. 1 Cor. 10. 2. §. 7. §. 8. a Tertui de praescrip. c. 40. b scholiast. in Ju. Sat. 2. l. 1. c O nimium faciles qui tristia crimina caedis Tolli flumineâ posse put at is aquâ §. 9. Joh. 4. 14. §. 10. Audi quid Scripturae doceant Johannis Baptisma non tam peccata dimisit quam Baptisma poenitentiae fuit in peccatorum remissionem idque in