Selected quad for the lemma: blood_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
blood_n	artery_n	heart_n	vein_n	9,504	5	10.0908	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
B06713	Reflections upon ancient and modern learning. The second part, With a dissertation upon the epistles of Phalaris, Themistocles, Socrates, Euripides; &c. and fables of Æsop. / By Richard Bentley, D.D. ... These additions compleat the want of the former eddition.	Wotton, William, 1666-1727.; Bentley, Richard, d. 1697. Dissertation upon the epistles of Phalaris, Themistocles, Socrates, Euripides; &c. and fables of Æsop.	1698 (1698)	Wing W3660; ESTC R186882	95,995	214

greater Antiquity The Passages now in question are in the Fifth Book of the Trinity where he treats of the Holy Ghost There he takes pains to prove (a) He says he introduces this Disputation ut inde intelligas ipsi Spiritûs Sancti Substantiae esse essentialiter adjunctam creati Spiritûs Christi Substantiam that the Substance of the Created Spirit of Jesus Christ is Essentially joined to the Substance of the Holy Ghost To explain this he talks much of God's Breathing the Soul into Man which by his manner of Explication it is plain he believed to be Material the way he proceeds is this He supposes Three Spirits in Man's Body Natural Vital and Animal which says he are (b) Qui vere non sunt tres sed duo Spiritus distincti Vitalis est spiritus qui per Anastomoses ab Arteriis communicatur Venis in quibus dicitur Naturalis Primus ergo est Sanguis cujus sedes est in hepate corporis venis Secundus est Spiritus Vitalis cujus sedes est in corde corporis arteriis Tertius est Spiritus Animalis quasi lucis radius cujus sedes est in cerebro corporis nervis really not Three but Two distinct Spirits The Vital is that which is communicated by Anastomoses from the Arteries to the Veins in which it is called Natural The Blood therefore is First whose Seat is in the Liver and Veins The Vital Spirit is Second whose Seat is in the Heart and Arteries The Animal Spirit is Third which is like a Ray of Light and has its Seat in the Brain and Nerves So that he makes the beginning of the whole Operation to be in the Liver which according to him is the original Work-house of the Blood which he calls the Soul or Life as it is call'd in the Old Testament Now to understand how the Blood is the Life he says (c) Ad quam rem est prius intelligenda substantialis Generatio ipsius Vitalis Spiritûs qui ex Aëre inspirato subtilissimo sanguine componitur nutritur Vitalis spiritus in sinistro cordis ventriculo suam originem habet juvantibus maxime pulmonibus ad ipsius generationem Est spiritus tenuis caloris vi elaboratus flavo colore igneâ potentiâ ut sit quasi ex puriore sanguine lucens vapor substantiam continens aquae aëris ignis generatur ex factâ in pulmone mixtione inspirati aëris cum elaborato subtili sanguine quem dexter ventriculus sinistro communicat Fit autem communicatio haec non per parietem cordis medium ut vulgo creditur sed magno artificio à dextro cordis ventriculo longo per pulmones ductu agitatur sanguis subtilis à pulmonibus praeparatur flavus efficitur à venâ arteriosâ in arteriam venosam transfunditur deinde in ipsâ arteriâ venosâ inspirato aëri miscetur exspiratione à fuligine repurgatur atque ita tandem à sinistro cordis ventriculo totum mixtum per Diastolen attrahitur apta supellex ut fiat spiritus vitalis Quod ita per pulmones fiat communicatio praeparatio docet conjunctio varia communicatio venae arteriosae cum arteriâ venosâ in pulmonibus Confirmat hoc magnitudo insignis venae arteriosae quae nec talis nec tanta facta esset nec tantam à corde ipso vim purissimi sanguinis in pulmones emitteret ob solum eorum nutrimentum nec cor pulmonibus hac ratione serviret cum praesertim antea in embryone solerent pulmones ipsi aliunde nutriri ob membranulas seu Cordis usque ad horam nativitatis nondum apertas ut docet Galenus We must first understand the substantial Generation of the Vital Spirit which is compounded of and nourished by Inspired Air and the subtilest part of the Blood The Vital Spirit has its original in the left Ventricle of the Heart by the assistance of the Lungs which chiefly contribute to its Generation It is a subtile Spirit so I render tenuis here wrought by the force of Heat of a florid Colour having the power of Fire so that it is a sort of shining Vapour made of the purer part of the Blood containing within it self the substance of Water Air and Fire It is made in the Lungs by the mixture of Inspired Air with that Elaborated Subtile Blood which the Right Ventricle of the Heart communicates to the Left Now this Communication is not made through the Septum of the Heart as is commonly believed but the subtile Blood is very artificially agitated by a long passage through the Lungs from the right Ventricle of the Heart and is prepared made florid by the Lungs and transfused out of the Arterious Vein into the Venous Artery and at last in the Venous Artery it self it is mixed with the Inspired Air and by expiration purged from its Dregs And thus at length the whole Mixture is attracted by the Diastole of the Heart into the left Ventricle being now a fit Substance out of which to form the Vital Spirit Now that this Communication and Preparation is made by the Lungs is evident from the various Conjunction and Communication of the Arterious Vein with the Venous Artery in the Lungs the remarkable largeness of the Arterious Vein does likewise confirm it since it would never have been made of that Form and Bulk nor would it have emitted so great a quantity of very pure Blood out of the Heart into the Lungs if it had been only for their Nourishment nor would the Heart have been this way serviceable to the Lungs since the Foetus in the Womb are otherwise nourished by reason of the closeness of the Membranes of the Heart which are never open'd till the Birth of the Child as Galen teaches So that the whole Mixture of Fire and Blood is made in the Lungs where there is a (d) Transfusio à venâ arteriosâ ad arteriam venosam propter spiritum à Galeno non animadversa Transfusion out of the Arterious Vein into the Venous Artery which Galen took no notice of Afterwards he says (e) Ille itaque spiritus vitalis à sinistro cordis ventriculo in arterias totius corporis deinde transfunditur ita ut qui tenuior est superiora petat ubi magis adhuc elaboratur praecipue in plexu retiformi sub basi cerebri sito ubi ex vitali fieri incipit animalis ad propriam rationalis animae rationem accedens That this Vital Spirit is transmitted from the left Ventricle of the Heart into the Arteries of the whole Body so that the more subtile Parts get upwards where they are yet more refined especially in the Plexus Retiformis which lies in the Base of the Brain where from Vital it begins to become Animal and approaches to the proper Nature of the Rational Soul This he reasons long upon to prove that the Blood is the Soul of Man and seems to allow no other

but what is thus made first elaborated in the Liver thence carried by the Veins into the right Ventricle of the Heart and so into the Lungs where being mix'd with Air it becomes Vital and afterwards being carried by the Arteries into the Brain it is there further sublimed till it receives its last Perfection so as to be fit to perform the noblest Operations of the Animal Life If we compare now this Notion thus explained by Servetus with Dr. Harvey's Theory of the Circulation of the Blood we shall plainly see that he had imperfect Glimmerings of that Light which afterwards Dr. Harvey communicated with so bright a Lustre to the learned World Which Glimmerings since they were so true having nothing in them of a False-Fire I much wonder that he went no further though at the same time I cannot but heartily congratulate the Felicity of my own Countrey which produced the Man that first saw the Importance of these noble Hints which he improved into a Theory and thereby made them truly useful to Mankind Before I conclude this POSTSCRIPT it will be expected perhaps that I should say something concerning this New Edition I have taken the Liberty which all Men have ever allowed to Alter and Add where I thought any thing was faulty or deficient and now and then I omitted some few Passages that did not so immediately relate to the design of the Book By one of these Additions that of Surgery which Mr. Bernard put in at my request it will be yet further seen that I would have nothing allowed to the Moderns where the Cause will not strictly bear it I had conceded so much to them before that it was generally thought I was biass'd on their behalf It was not enough to tell the World I was of no Side the contrary was taken for granted since in so many Particulars I actually gave them the Pre-eminence when Sir W. T. had given it them almost in nothing I must own I was glad it could be proved that the World has not actually lost its Vigour but that a gradual Improvement is plainly visible which this Instance that Mr. Bernard has so incontestably made out does by no means contradict For Surgery though it is the certainest yet it is the simplest part of Medicine There the Operator is more let into his Work which does not depend so much upon Conjecture as Physic The Reproach therefore of its comparatively small Proficiency is to be laid upon the Men not the Art it has been for these last Ages esteemed too Mechanical for Men of Liberal Education and fine Parts to busie themselves about So that I question not but if as many learned Men had cultivated Surgery for these last CCC Years as have employed themselves in some other Parts of Natural and Mathematical Learning it would have met with as proportionable an Encrease unless we should say that it is already come to its highest Perfection which whether it be or no I cannot pretend to decide The entire Discourses which are added are printed by themselves for the Satisfaction of those who have bought the First Edition and have no Curiosity to compare that with the Second But I have not re-printed those lesser Additions which are interwoven into the Body of the Book both because they would appear only like a parcel of loose Scraps and because something was to be done in compliance to the Bookseller who having once more at a time when Printing labours under so great Discouragements adventur'd to publish so large a Book which so few People will care to read desired that this Second Edition might be made as Valuable to him as well it cou'd April 30. 1697. A DISSERTATION UPON THE EPISTLES OF PHALARIS THEMISTOCLES SOCRATES EURIPIDES and Others And the FABLES of AESOP BY RICHARD BENTLEY D. D. Chaplain in Ordinary and Library-keeper to His MAJESTY LONDON Printed by J. Leake for Peter Buck at the Sign of the Temple near the Inner-Temple-Gate in Fleet-Street MDCXCVII Sir William Temple's Essay upon Ancient and Modern Learning pag. 58. IT may perhaps be further affirmed in favour of the Ancients That the oldest Books we have are still in their kind the best The two most Ancient that I know of in Prose among those we call Profane Authors are Aesop's Fables and Phalaris's Epistles both living near the same time which was that of Cyrus and Pythagoras As the first has been agreed by all Ages since for the greatest Master in his kind and all others of that sort have been but Imitations of his Original so I think the Epistles of Phalaris to have more Race more Spirit more Force of Wit and Genius than any others I have ever seen either Ancient or Modern I know several Learned Men or that usually pass for such under the Name of Critics have not esteemed them Genuine and Politian with some others have attributed them to Lucian but I think he must have little Skill in Painting that cannot find out this to be an Original Such Diversity of Passions upon such Variety of Actions and Passages of Life and Government such Freedom of Thought such Boldness of Expression such Bounty to his Friends such Scorn of his Enemies such Honour of Learned Men such Esteem of Good such Knowledge of Life such Contempt of Death with such Fierceness of Nature and Cruelty of Revenge could never be represented but by him that possessed them And I esteem Lucian to have been no more capable of Writing than of Acting what Phalaris did In all One writ you find the Scholar or the Sophist and all the Other the Tyrant and the Commander A DISSERTATION UPON The EPISTLES of PHALARIS and others and the FABLES of AESOP To Mr. Wotton SIR I Remember that discoursing with you upon this Passage of Sir W. T. which I have here set down I happen'd to say That with all Deference to so great an Authority and under a just Awe of so sharp a Censure I believed it might be even demonstrated that the Epistles of Phalaris are Spurious and that we have nothing now extant of Aesop's own Composing This casual Declaration of my Opinion by the power of that long Friendship that has been between us you improved into a Promise That I would send you my Reasons in Writing to be added to the New Edition of your Book believing it as I suppose a considerable Point in the Controversie you are engaged in For if it once be made out that those Writings your Adversary so extolls are Supposititious and of no very long Standing you have then His and his Parties own Confession That some of the Later Pens have out-done the Old ones in thier kinds And to others that have but a mean Esteem of the Wit and Stile of those Books it will be a double Prejudice against him in your favour That he could neither discover the true Time nor the true Value of his Authors These I imagine were your Thoughts when you engaged me to