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A25754 Every man his own doctor in two parts, shewing I. how every one may know his own constitution by certain signs, also the nature and faculties of all food as well as meats as drinks ... : the second part shews the full knowledge and cure of the pox, running of the reins, gout, dropsie, scurvy, consumptions and obstructions, agues ... / written by John Archer. Archer, John, fl. 1660-1684. 1671 (1671) Wing A3608; ESTC R27652 39,777 161

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jelley Hearts All hearts of Animals are of a hard and dry Nature and fibrous neither is it easily concocted but if it be well concocted it yields neither ill juice nor a little and that very stable and firm chiefly corroberating the heart by sympathy Liver The Liver is very binding and yields thick nourishment but is hard to be concocted which is slowly distributed All Animals varyin their Liver according to their age and feeding the youngest and best fed are most delicate and have the greatest Livers and fullest of juice Spleen The Spleen as it is the receptacle of gross Melancholly blood affords little nourishment and is hardly concocted therefore not fi● for food Lungs The Lungs in substance are light and airy therefore properly called the bellows of the body they nourish but little yet easie of concoction and afford good nourishment Bowels The intestines afford not very good but thick Aliment and the Powels of younger Quadrapeds as Calves are of better Juyce and easier concocted then of old Tongue The Tongue excells the other parts in pleasant taste and goodness of alinent and is also easily concocted Brain The Brain yields petuitous and thick juice and is not easily concocted nor distributed and causeth loathing except it be well sharpned with Vinegar Venison Although Venison be in high esteem both by Gentry and Peasant yet it is hard of concoction and generates Melancholly juice especially if the Venison be grown to ripeness of years it doth obstruct the bowels the usual way of seasoning it doth much meliorat and make tender the flesh and by drinking a glass of Wine therewith it becomes good nourishment Hare Hares flesh is accounted by Physitians for Melancholly meat therefore not so good for those that have dry bodies yet they are thought to generate a good colour in the face they are best boyled Goates Goates flesh afford good nourishment and may well be offered before other sylvestrous Animals for goodness of Aliment facility of concoction pleasantness of taste pancity of excrements yet they are something dryer Conies Conies if they be not old yeild a good juice are easie of concoction and if throughly roasted very drying for the Phlegmetick young are safe food for sick people Of Fowle first Turkies Amongst tame Fowl the Turkie is of the uper ranck both for the largeness of his body goodness of food having good juice and laudable nourishment it is most fit for those that are in health Capons and Pullets and Chicken Hens and Capons are accounted the chief among Birds they are temperate easie of concoction of good juice and contain few excrements if young and yield most profitable food to those who are not used to labour they procreate good blood yet there is great difference amongst this kind of Fowl the best is the flesh of cram'd Capons next is that of fat Chickens the next are Pullets as for old Cocks and Hens their flesh is harder and dryer and not to be eaten but by laborious people Geese The flesh of tame Geese doth abound more with exc●●ments then that of wild yet the fl●sh of them both are hard of conc●ction and yield no good juice but vitious and excrementious and such as is easily putrified and in weak stomacks often cause surfeits but in strong stomacks and if it be well concocted Geese affords plenty of nourishment but the delacacy of a Geese is the Liver which if it be well fatted especially with sweet food as boyled carrots c. The Liver will grow large and is delicious and temperate meat easie of concoction of good juice and much nourishment and indeed of more valew then the Carcass Duck and Mallard Tame Ducks if not young are very hard of concoction of ill juyce and little nourishment but the young ones are wholesome Food and yeild good juyce for the wild Duck and Mallard are much better then the tame more tender of concoction and yeilds good nourishment and do not easily putrifie in the Stomack Pheasants Pheasants are most excellent Food and are the best nourishment for those that are in health most easie of concoction therefore safe and good for those that do not labor Partridge and Quails The Flesh of Partridges are temperate and drying easie of concoction affords excellent juyce and much nourishment and few excrements for those that are in health good and for those that have Consumptions or the French Pox admirable nourishment Quails are excellent Food for all in health it is hot and moist but the sick must not eat of them because they are apt to generate Feavers Pigeons There are divers sorts of Pigeons those of the Mountains and Woods are best the flesh of all of them are of a melancholly Juyce not easily concocted but most dangerous in a Putrid Feaver Plovers The Gray Plovers exceed the Green both are very good Food easie of concoction afford good nourishment save that they are something melancholly Cocks Snites Thrushes These Winter Birds are easily concocted yeilds good Juyce not excrementitious and affords nourishent firm enough Black birds Black birds are something harder of concoction then Thrushes but are firm nourishment Larks The Lark generates excellent Juice and is easily concocted and it hath a peculiar qualitiy not only to preserve one from the Chollick but also to cure it Having now run through most of our English Flesh meat we will now proceed to the Fish CHAP. IX Fish FIshes are colder and moister Food then the Flesh of Terrestial animals and scarce afford so good juyce as Corn and Fruits and other Vegitables they do easily putrifie and if they are corrupted they acquire a quality most dangerously averse to our natures but there are great variety of Fish A Salmon A Salmon in the first place is tender of Fl●sh grateful to the Pallate easie of concoction affords good juyce and is not inferior to any nay 't is the best of Fish but when they are pickled with salt and hardned with smoak they are much worse and difficulty concocted Trout Trouts amongst Fishes which are bred in Fresh Waters are the best and are next in goodness to a Salmon easie of concoction full of much good and thin juyce but the greater of them of flesh not a little excrementitious Fat and Full of viscidity those are commended above others which have Red fl●sh and many Red spots and have hard flesh and participates not of vilcidity and Fat those are easier concocted descend sooner and not so excrementitious in juyce Soles plaice and Turbet These Fish is highly commended amongst Sea-fishes which hath delicate flesh and is easie of concoction being white fleshed yeilds good juyce plentiful nourishment and such as is not easily corrupted but being dryed in the smoak they are much worse and harder of concoction Gudgeons Smelts Gudgeons and Smelts are the best amongst the small sort of fish and very wholesome Aliment easie to be concocted and such as remain not long in the stomack and are profitable both for pleasure
Eats which negligence in so necessary a knowledge hath occasioned much Sickness to many and Death not to few For preventing of such dangers you shall now receive brief Rules how to know your own Constitution and Complection and also the Nature and Faculty of all the Meat Drink or sorts of Food now used in this Kingdom To the end that every Man may be his own Doctor so far as to know as well by reason as experience that this doth agree with my Constitution and why that doth not Now first I understand the temperature of a sound Man and that of all living Creatu●es man is most temperate so that all living Creatures and Food and Medicines compared to man are said to be hotter Colder moister or dryer though man be not absolutely temperate for common sense tells us that heat in man is predominant over the other qualities CHAP. II. Shews the best Temperature THe best temperature for a man to perform his actions is hot and moist for our lives consist o● heat and moisture and the contrary Coldness and Dryness leads us to Death and by how much sooner a man is cooled and dryed by so much sooner a man grows old and dyes yet that heat and moisture have their degrees for if the heat exceed the cold the moisture the drowth moderately that temper is best and accounted temperate and all others differing from this are called either hot and moist hot and dry cold and moist cold and dry though all in general are hot and moist these Temperaments are commonly explained by these differing Names of Sanguine Cholerick Plegmatick and Melancholly which must be und●rstood of the variety of blood which is the Nutriment of the body and not of Extrementitious humours Now I will give some Signs how and whereby you may judge your Complections according to Senertus and whether you differ from the best Constitution CHAP. III. Of Signs to know your Constitution or Complection FIrst bodies which are too hot yet moderate in dryness and humidity such discover themselves to the touch Hair abounds in the whole body and is inclining to yellow and thick they are thinner as to m●tter o● Fat they are swift and strong for motion prone to anger the colour of the Face is r●dder then of a temperate body they are easily hurt by hot things Signs of a hot and dry Constitution viz. Cholerick If moisture be joyned to heat which they call Cholerick the body shall be hot hard thin and lean hairy and the hairs are black curled the pulse of the Arteries are great and their veins great they are angry persons which are endued with such a temperature obstinate lovers of Brawlings they desire few things they are fit for the generation of males Signs of a hot and moist Sanguine Constitution If moisture be joyned to heat which Temperament they call Sanguine the bodies shall be hot and soft abounding with much blood fleshy indued with large veins and those which are so in their youth often have the Hemorrhoides or bleeding at the Nose and if the humidity abound they are apt from their youth to Diseases of putrifaction Signs of a cold Constitution If the body be too cold such a body is perceived by the touch and is white fat slow soft and bald 't is easily hurt by cold things it hath a narrow breast without hair and narrow veins scarcely appearing the h●irs thin and of small increase for the most part they are f●arful that are of that Temperament Signs of a cold and moist Phlegmatick Constitution If moisture be joyned to the cold not much nor that coldness great the body shall be white in colour fat thick soft reddish Hair inclining to palen●ss but if the frigidi●y with the ●umidity be more intense the body shall be th●ck coloured yellow exceeding bald the hair smooth the vein● lying hid ●uc● ●emp●raments are dull and slow of app●ehension and for the most part altogether ●ol● no ways ready simple no● prone to anger Not that any sca●c●ly may be said to be of a simple Com 〈…〉 l●ction without mixture of som● other neither do any abide long what they are Of a cold and dry Melancholly Complection If Frigidity be joyned to dryness such a body is discerned by the touch those shall be lean bald pale which are of such a constitution slow in motion dejected in countenance with their eyes fixed as for Melancholians in particular not only whom the vulgar but whom Aristotle in the thirty Section and the first probleme accounts ingenious wherein the said Aristotle writes that much and cold Choller is black such are foolish and idle Wherein there is much and hot Choller those are quick-sighted and ingenious apt to love propense to anger and lust Some great Bablers but those whose heat is more remiss more temperate and as it were reduced to Mediocrity those are more prudent and although they less exceed in some matters yet in others th●y are far better then the others some in the study of Literature others in Arts others in Common-wealths namely those Melancholians are ingenious who by nature abound with good and plenty of blood wherewith some part thicker and dryer is mingled which adds as it were strength to the blood and when attenuated and as it were poured it is spiritual CHAP. IV. The Benefit to be gathered from knowledge of our own Complection BY comparing what is already said to the present Temperament of our own bodies we may find a certain agreement with them and some of the Temperaments described which known and well considered it will prove of no small value to all that desire health or Wisdom for we say premonitus premunitus if I know by the fore-written Signs that I am a Chollerick person I will resolvedly beware the evils of that Temperament both of body and mind as knowing my inclination to quarrels Wrath anger fightings c. I will bridle Nature for it is truly said Mores sequntur humores according to the humours of the body so are the conditions of the mind and also for Food knowing my Temperament to be hot and Cholerick I must avoid those things in meat and drink that increase it and use things that do allay and cool heat And so a Phlegmatick person ought to avoid cold and moist things especially both in meat and drink therefore his drink may well be more strong and Food hotter and more drying then the person that is hot and dry already For the person being hot and dry ought to correct his heat with cooling and moistning as the Melancholly man who is cold and dry ought to take Food both healing and moistning So Sympathy and Antipathy must be observed in Physick rules for preservation of health for it is truly said Contrariae Contrariis Gurantur all Remedies are performed by their contraries CHAP. V. Some common Axiomes and Maximes there are to be observed in the method of preserving of health as 1. NAture doth nothing rashly 2. Too much