Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
authority_n	virtue_n	young_a	youth_n	29	3	8.2523	4	false

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A18810	Marcus Tullius Ciceroes thre bokes of duties to Marcus his sonne, turned out of latine into english, by Nicholas Grimalde. Cum priuilegio ad imprimendum solum.; De officiis. English	Cicero, Marcus Tullius.; Grimald, Nicholas, 1519-1562.	1556 (1556)	STC 5281; ESTC S107889	142,475	356

MARCVS Tullius Ciceroes thre bokes of duties to Marcus his sonne turned oute of latine into english by Nicolas Grimalde Â¶ Cum priuilegio ad imprimendum solum Â¶ Anno domini 1556. TO THE RIGHT REuerend father in god his singular good lorde Thomas Bisshop of Elie one of the King Quenes Maiesties moste honorable priuie Counsell HAuyng recourse of late right reuerend father to y â— olde studies y t I once applied in y e vniuersitie and getting soÌ„me frute of quiet life to the perusing and recording of those things wherwith in time past I felt myself greatly both delited and furdered I gaue my minde chiefly to such kinde of lerning as wold serue best bothe to the order of my studie also to the gouernauÌ„ce of my life so that comparing my experience and reading togither I might make my priuate diligence in studieng do serâ—â€¦ to the opeÌ„ vse ofliuing In folowing of which intent what by incre ase of iudgement for yeres what by trauatliÌ„g abrode in y â— world I fouÌ„de euer more and more so new profits commodities y â— wheras methought I had seene but y â— shadow of thinges now I begin more to see as it wer the holle bodie therof And moste of all this proofe I haue in y â— greatest and moste profitable parte of philosophie which is coÌ„cerning maners and namely in the bokes that of duties be written by Marcus Tullius Cicero a mater conteining the holle trade how to liue among men discreetly and honestly and so rightly pointing oute the pathwaye to all vertue as none can be righter onely Scripture excepted Insomuch that when I had well considerd alltogither I saide with miself concerning this as did a certein lerned maÌ„ not long ago by Homer This is the fift time I haue redde ouer this author and as oft as I reade him so oft somwhat I finde that I marked not before and that hath neede to be deeply pondered so y t I fansied at the first he was easie but now methinks he requires a verie heedfull a musing reader Wherfore not without maruailous greate pleasure espyeng y â— either in priuate life to attein quietnesse and contentation or in office-bearing to winne fame honour or in euerie estate bothe to auoyde disorder and enormitie and also to keepe a right rule commeÌ„dable behauiour this boke playnly is y â— myrrour of wisdom y â— fortres of iustice the master of manlinesse the schoole of temperance the iewell of coÌ„melinesse I wisshed many mo to be parteners of such sweetnesse as I had partly felt myself to declare that I meÌ„t nolesse thaÌ„ I wisshed I laied to my helping hand endeuouring by translation to do likewise for my contriemeÌ„ne as ItaliaÌ„s FreÌ„chmeÌ„ Spaniardes DutchmeÌ„ other foreins haue liberally done for theyrs So chiefly for our vnlatined people I haue made this latine writer english haue now brought into light y â— from them so longe was hidden haue caused an auncieÌ„t wryting to beecoÌ„me in a maner newe agayne and a boke vsed but of fewe to war coÌ„mon to a great meany so that our meÌ„ vnderstaÌ„ding what atreasure is amonge them for the fashioning of their life and beeing by nature most of all other nations giueÌ„ to ciuilitie humanitie wheÌ„ thei shall be aided directed by these perfite precepts may in all pointes of good demeanour becoÌ„me people perelesse Yet iudge I all this labour litleworthe smally or nothing able to preuaile withoute your honorable lordship were patrone herof to whoÌ„ I do dedicate bothe my good hert my worke also I call it mine as Plautus and Terence called the comedies theyrs which they made oute of Greeke not as to teache your lordshipp ought that you haue not allredy but by your authoritie to gett it the more estimacion w t other For as Tullies treatise beeing so full of lerning asketh alerned mans iudgement which whoso refuse thei showe themselues to be vnwise eueÌ„ so such a noble CouÌ„seler of EnglaÌ„d seemeth most meete to receiue so noble a Senatour of Rome into a straunge region Doutlesse among so many honorable deedes of your lordships it shall not be the leste honorable if ye do Marcus Tullius this honour to welcoÌ„me him hither and to be the verie cause that so famous a Romane may becomme familiar with our English men So shall a worthy pere be worthylie entreated as very curtesie requireth so your lordshipps iudgement must needes be well lyked which is woÌ„te to alow louely knowledge goodnesse so wyll the coÌ„mon people more hyely esteeme the thing as it is expedient for them to do and the soner also will they folow these hollsome lessons which is full necessarie in a well ordered state to be short your lordship for a chosen patrone my translation for a welcome worke Tullie shall be takeÌ„ for such a Tullie as he is And like as Marcê° Cicero w t the authoritie of a father commended these bokes to his yonge Cicero so wheÌ„ our English youth shall beholde them once authorised by so reuerend a father in god nodoute they will be the rather in loue with them and will counte it pleasaunt paines taking here to enriche themselues with enformations of vertue ensaumples oute of stories morall doctrine politike prudeÌ„ce antiquitie varietie of maruailous maters so conningly oratorially treated and endited as hee was able to declare expresse who was the first and the chief that euer cladde ladie Philosophie in Romane attire Thus verie lothe to let your lordship from your weighty affaires I make an end praye god longe to preserue your honorable lordship in helth with increase of honour Your humble oratour Nicolas Grimalde N. G. to the reader ALl thinges in the world good reader be made for soÌ„me vse end which end is more worthe than all that dothe seruice therunto and where bothe the end is good whatso serues therto there y â— holle doing is likewise good In vs the best ende is to vse ourselues well and worthyly who in the order of naturall thinges ar of the best and worthyest kinde For what is ther that can vse itself onlesse it bee enfourmed with reason and vnderstanding DuÌ„me creatures and liuelesse of other bee vsed but themselues can they neuer vse Beastes endewed with life and sense maye seeme to haue soÌ„me seÌ„blauÌ„t herof in y t they vse theyr feediÌ„g lodging other necessaries yet therbi they obtein neither praise nor dispraise seeing they do it not of any free choyse but onely by the motion of kinde as theyr appetite draweth them But we who haue the greate gift of witt reason must not most of all sticke still in y â— appetite to gett nothing els but pleasure profit but ensewing the heuenly guyde of our nature must be ledde to the desire of trouth honour seemlinesse wherw t the more that we bee decked adourned beautified y t â—â€¦rder we bee from the

feare or contrariewise of whom they looke after sommewhat as wheÌ„ vsurpers and peoplepleasing men laie large gifts before them or at last they be ledde by meede and rewarde Which indede is the vilest waie the fowlest bothe to them who ar caught with thesame and to those who do seke to haue refuge therunto For the mater goeth not well wheÌ„ thesame that should bee wrought by vertue is attempted by money But bicause manie times this helpe is necessarie we will tell how it ought to bee vsed if first wee shall haue spoken of those things which bee nerer to vertue And likewise men make themselues subiecte to the rule and authoritie of an other for diuers causes For they bee ledde either with good will or gretness of benefites or excelence of honour or hope it shall be profitable to them or feare leste by power they bee drieuen to yeeld or as takeÌ„ with hope of large gifts and promises or at last as we see often in our commonweale euen hyred for meede And certesse of all things neither is ther anie fitter to mainteine a power thaÌ„ to be loued neither anie vnfitter than to be feared Notablie saith Ennius whom they feare him they hate allwaie the most whom anie man hateth he wisheth him lost But if afore it was vnknowne since alate it is well knowne that no power can withstande the hatered of manie And trulie not onelie the death of this tyraunt whom the citie beeing oppressed with force of armes did suffer dothe declare how much the hatered of men preuails to destruction but the like endes of other tyrauÌ„ts doo showe as much of whome scaselie anie hath escaped the like death For feare is an euill keeper of continuaunce and contrariewise good will is faithfull yea for euer But lette a roughnesse hardilie bee vsed of them who by rule doo keepe straite such as bee brought vnder by force as of maisters ouer seruauntes if they can not otherwise bee stayed But who in a free citie so order themselues that they be feared ther can nothing possiblie bee madder than they bee For although the lawes bee sounke by soÌ„me maÌ„nes might allthough libertie bee alltoshaken yet at length they swimme out again either by secrete iudgements or by priuie voices in auauncing to honour and certesse the stinges of ceased libertie bee sharper thaÌ„ of libertie continued Let vs then embrace y t which moste largelie spredeth moste auaileth not onely to safetie but also to welth power that feare be baÌ„nished and loue reteined So moste easilie we shall obtein what we desire both in priuate maters and in the commonwelth For whoso will themselues to bee had in feare it must needes be that they themselues feare thosesame of whome they be feared For what think wee of the first Dionysius with what torment of feare was he wonte to be troubled who fearing the barbers razers with a reddehot cole singed of his owne berde What of Alexander the Pheraian with what an hert doo we suppose he liued who as wee rede written wheÌ„ exceedinglie he loued his wife Thebe yet comming to her froÌ„ banketing into the chaumber he commaunded a kerne and him also as it is written beprinted with Thracian marks to go before w t a drawn sworde and he sent of his garde afore to ransacke the womens coffers and seeke that no weapoÌ„ wer hidden in their garmentes O miserable manne who thought bothe a kerne and an yronbronded slaue faithfuller thaÌ„ his wife And his opinion did not deceiue him for by her he was slaine for a ielousie of spousebreache And trulie ther is no strength of empire so greate which with suppressing by feare can bee longe continuing Witnesse is Phalaris whose crueltie is famed aboue others who perished not by treason as this Alexander did whom eueÌ„ now I spake of nor by a fewe as this our man but against him the holle commons of the Agrigentines rose w t violeÌ„ce What the Macedonians did they not forsake Demetrius allholle got them to Pyrrhus What y â— LacedemoniaÌ„s ruling vnrightfullie did not welnie all their leagfrendes sodenly forsake them shewed theÌ„selues ydle lookers on of the ouerthrowe at Leuetra Forein exaÌ„ples gladier thaÌ„ homedeedes I reherse in such a case Neuerthelesse as loÌ„g as the empire of the people of Rome was vpholdeÌ„ by worthie actes not by wroÌ„ges doiÌ„g wars wer made either for defeÌ„se of leagfreÌ„des or for empire then wer the endes of warres either merciefull or necessarie The Senate was the hauen refuge of kings of peoples of natioÌ„s And our magistrates and capteins endeuored to gette greate praise by this onelie meane if prouinces if leagfrendes in right truthe they had defended Therfore it might haue been named the protectioÌ„ more trulie than the empire of the world By litle and litle we abated this custome and order soÌ„mewhat aâ—â€¦ore but after Syllaâ—â€¦ victorie vtterlie we lost it For men ceased to accouÌ„t anie thing vnreasonable toward leagfrendes when so greate crueltie was shewed euen against citiezens Therfore ther folowed in him of an honest quarell an vnhonest victorie For when the ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ was pight and in the market place he solde y â— goodes bothe of goodmeÌ„ and riche and those euen citiezens he was so bolde to say that he made sale of his lawfull bootie One succeeded who in a wicked cause and a more shamefull victorie not onelie put the goodes of euerie one of the citiezens to open sale but in one state of miserie enwrapped holle prouinces and regions and so forein nations being vexed vndone wee sawe Mastilia borne aboute in triumph for a showe of our empire lost and triumph made ouer that citie without which our capteins of warres neuer gotte anie triumph beyonde the alpes I coulde reherse manye mo cursed deeds beside done against our leagfrendes if the soÌ„ne had seen ought more haynous than this one Iustlie therfore ar we skourged For had we not suffred the wickednesse of manie to be vnponnished such a lawlesse libertie had neuer coÌ„me to the haÌ„des of one from whoÌ„ soothelie the inheritaunce of his goodes caÌ„me to fewe but of his greedie desires to manie naughty men Nor trulie the seede and cause of ciuil warres shall euer faile as longe as mischieuous meÌ„ shall bothe remeÌ„ber hope after that bloodie salesâ—â€¦affe which when Publius Sylla had shaken his nye kinsman being Dictator thesame stept not once backe froÌ„ the shaking of a like more mischieuous staffe y â— sixt thirtieth yâ—â€¦re after But the other who in y t Dictature had been Secretarie in this was Treasurer for the citie Wherupon ought to be vnderstanded that while such booties be layed afore men ciuil warres shall neuer want And so onelie the walles of the citie do stand remaine yea and thosesame euennow dreeding their last mischief but the commoÌ„weale we haue vtterlie lost And

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