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A16482 The trauellers breuiat, or, An historicall description of the most famous kingdomes in the world relating their situations, manners, customes, ciuill gouernment, and other memorable matters. / Translated into English.; Relazioni universali. English Botero, Giovanni, 1540-1617.; Johnson, Robert, fl. 1586-1626. 1601 (1601) STC 3398; ESTC S115576 135,154 186

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all Europe For trade with the Chinois and Ilands of Tidore and for their safe merchandizing with Molucca and Banda they are so secure of their welfare that they count it an vnnecessarie charge to erect any castles or fortifications of defence but onely inhabite dispersed in weake cottages Certainly it would amaze and bewoonder a man to thinke how many puissant kings and fierce nations are brideled and yoked by the armes of twelue thousand Portuguezes for in so huge atract of land and sea there are nor euer were a greater number inhabiting and not onely to haue discouered and conquered the Atlanticke Indian and east sea but also to defend it against all forrein inuasions or inrodes vpon their confines for it is 90 yeeres since they fortified those places with an ouerlasting memoriall of their valiancie Neither can any man to ecclipse or detract from their iust commēdation obiect vnto them the facilitie of subduing a naked and vnarmed people altogither raw and vnexperimented in the feates of armes if he will recall to his remembrance how by the vertue of their armes they tooke the kingdome of Ormus from the vassall and confederate of the king of Persia as also that they drowned and defeated at Diu the nauie of the Sultane of Egypt fully furnished with Mammelukes a kinde of soldier no lesse famous for their armes and discipline then the Praetorian Turkish soldiers called Ianizaries as also that they made good the saide place against the leaguer of the Turkes and Guzarits and in the red sea they haue often forced the Turkish gallies to retire with a most dishonorable foile In the yeere 1552. they defeated his whole fleete at Ormus In Trapoban they affronted and contested with the kings of Decan Cambaia Calecute and Achem princes both fauored and also aided with the forces of the Turkish Emperour yea such haue beene their expeditions in Cambaia India the whole Ocean and along the coasts of Asia that in desart of glorie and admiration they are to be censured nothing inferior to the victorious praises of Alexander the great yea so much the rather to be preferred because neither in circuit of territorie nor numbers of people they were euer comparable to the Macedonians for with nineteene ships they ouerthrew the Egyptian nauie farre greater in number and furniture with two thousand soldiers they forced Goa and recouered it being lost with 1500. with 800. they wonne Malaca and not with many more Ormus Another member of the Spanish dominions lieth in the new World wherein because be hath no corriuall able to make head against him he challengeth as his owne whatsoeuer either by discouerie or conquest he attaineth vnto This new Worlds dominions is diuided into the continent and Ilands In the north sea are so many Ilands most of them of forty miles compasse that their number can hardly be ascertained or knowne some of them so rich and spacious that they might suffice to erect a magnificent and stately soueraigntie Of these Boriq●en is 300 ●iles long and threescore broad Cuba is 300 miles long and twentie leagues broad Hispaniola is 1600 miles in compasse As for the continent he is absolute lord of all that sea coast which watereth Florida Noua Hispania Iucatan and that spacious south erly promontorie to the cape of California and Quiuira For euen so farre the discoueries and nauigations of the Spaniard haue proceeded The coast of Noua Hispania counting his beginning at the towne of Santa Helena and cutting by Panama to Quiuira containeth about 5000. and 200 miles in length to which if you please to adde the vpland regions coasting towards the north you shall finde no lesse then 9000. miles Peru beginning at Panama containeth by the maritimate coast 12000. and 600. miles of which three thousand lying betweene the riuer Maragon and Argenteum and including Brasile do acknowledge the supremacie of Portugall In the continent are many kingdomes and seigniories amongst which these of Mexico and Peru once most powerfull and wealthie dominions were counted chiefe and as it were the two imperiall seats The kings of Mexico did not claime by inheritance from their ancestors but were chosen by sixe electors Him whom they iudged yoong valiant and wise of an able bodie and fit for the warre they crowned and one of their kings because he prooued a coward slothfull and irresolute they poisoned There was a Senate of Sages continually resident about his person which consisted of fower degrees of Nobilitie and Magistracies without whose authoritie and consent no matters of consequence or weight could be determined or put in action They regarded nothing so seuerely as the good education of their youth their ceremonious superstitions their orders of soldiarie Amongst them there was a most woorthie chiefetaine called Tlacaellell so expert in militarie prowesse that he subdued the greatest part of the Mexican seigniorie and of so great and admired spirit that he obstinately refused and forsooke the kingdome being offered him saying that it was auaileable and commodious for the common-weale that another should weare the crown and he attend vpon him as a minister and counseller and that his shoulders were too weake to sustaine so weightie a burden adding moreouer that he would no lesse endeuour with a carefull and warie foresightfulnesse the safetie of the common-weale then if he himselfe were inuested in the soueraigntie These kings liued in great maiestie inhabited sumptuous palaces and maintained a mightie troupe of their vassals for the guard of their persons On one quarter they enlarged their bounds and planted their religion and language to the skirts of Teguante-Pecum two hundred leagues remote from Mexico and on another quarter as farre as Guatimall 300. leagues distant In these places they made the north and south seas their bounds but Mecoican Tascalan and Terpeacan they could neuer bring vnder their yoke Their differences and troubles with the citie of Tascala incouraged the Spaniards to inuade their dominions and being entred made their victories easie without any difficult resisting or hinderance from the pursuite of their cōquest which happened in the yeere of our Lord 1518. The Mexicans diuided into seauen tribes came into those regions from that part of the north where of late yeeres the Spaniards discouered a most wealthie and populous prouince which at this day they call new Mexico The most respected honor which doth ennoble their men is purchased by alacritie couragious forwardnes to armes Matezuma their last king instituted certaine orders of horsemen surnaming them Lions Eagles and Leopards These he priuileged to weare gold and siluer and a silken cassock after the Arabian fashion to go shod and occupy gilded and painted vessell which things were prohibited to the vulgar and forbidden all such who had not inwoorthied himselfe by some noble seruice The Empire of Peru whose king was surnamed Inga is found to be larger and more magnificent when it was in the prime and highest it reached from Pasto to Chile 1000.