their_o cause_n be_v be_v various_a and_o disagree_a from_o whence_o it_o happen_v that_o every_o day_n produce_v such_o accident_n as_o though_o they_o be_v not_o whole_o new_a yet_o they_o come_v accompany_v with_o one_o circumstance_n or_o other_o that_o make_v they_o differ_v from_o all_o that_o go_v before_o they_o beside_o nature_n itself_o bring_v forth_o some_o variety_n of_o contingent_n without_o any_o act_n of_o man_n all_o which_o be_v of_o several_a nature_n and_o different_o circumstantiate_v from_o what_o be_v past_a or_o can_v be_v think_v of_o though_o they_o do_v too_o frequent_o happen_v and_o intermix_v with_o the_o affair_n of_o man_n yet_o to_o supply_v they_o with_o a_o direct_a peculiar_a law_n or_o any_o other_o express_v and_o determinate_a rule_n to_o settle_v they_o be_v a_o enterprise_n that_o be_v never_o undertake_v by_o the_o wise_a lawgiver_n that_o have_v be_v 19_o be_v legislator_n non_fw-la potest_fw-la omne_fw-la declarare_fw-la quia_fw-la res_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la versatur_fw-la sunt_fw-la propemodùm_fw-la infinitae_fw-la &_o quia_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la vita_fw-la mortali_fw-la nihil_fw-la est_fw-la perfectum_fw-la &_o propter_fw-la ingenii_fw-la imbecillitatem_fw-la non_fw-la possumus_fw-la cunctae_fw-la rimari_fw-la mantie_n de_fw-fr tacit_n &_o ambig_a convent_n lib._n 1._o tit._n 15._o nu_fw-la 19_o nor_o can_v possible_o be_v effect_v by_o any_o society_n of_o man_n whatsoever_o for_o it_o can_v be_v understand_v how_o such_o thing_n can_v be_v the_o subject_n of_o any_o establish_a law_n or_o rule_n that_o can_v be_v foresee_v neither_o what_o nor_o when_o nor_o how_o they_o will_v come_v to_o pass_v hae_fw-la varietates_fw-la infinitae_fw-la nullis_fw-la legibus_fw-la nullis_fw-la tabulis_fw-la nullis_fw-la pandectis_fw-la nulla_fw-la librorum_fw-la quantumvis_fw-la immensa_fw-la mole_n ac_fw-la multitudine_fw-la capiuntur_fw-la say_v bodinus_fw-la 6._o bodinus_fw-la de_fw-fr rep_n lib._n 6._o ca._n 6._o these_o infinite_a variety_n can_v in_o no_o law_n no_o table_n no_o pandect_n no_o book_n be_v they_o never_o so_o many_o or_o so_o voluminous_a be_v all_o of_o they_o contain_v or_o comprehend_v and_o again_o ibidem_fw-la again_o ibidem_fw-la non_fw-la magis_fw-la legibus_fw-la singula_fw-la contineri_fw-la possunt_fw-la quà m_fw-la infinitum_fw-la quiddam_fw-la &_o immensum_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la finibus_fw-la exiguis_fw-la ac_fw-la veluti_fw-la cancellis_fw-la angustissimis_fw-la conclusum_fw-la est_fw-la say_v the_o same_o bodinus_fw-la no_o easy_o be_v it_o to_o collect_v all_o the_o several_a case_n into_o one_o book_n of_o law_n then_o to_o comprehend_v that_o which_o be_v in_o greatness_n infinite_a in_o that_o which_o lie_v in_o a_o most_o narrow_a compass_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v in_o straight_a bound_n shut_v up_o and_o yet_o since_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o settle_v such_o various_a and_o so_o unlike_a contingency_n some_o rational_a way_n or_o rule_n must_v be_v find_v out_o whereby_o to_o compose_v and_o settle_v they_o lest_o they_o shall_v be_v make_v subject_n to_o mere_a will_n and_o pleasure_n or_o in_o default_n of_o better_a mean_n man_n interest_v therein_o shall_v be_v leave_v to_o right_v themselves_o by_o forcible_a and_o violent_a way_n it_o be_v no_o less_o evident_a and_o manifest_a that_o while_o we_o have_v to_o deal_v with_o foreign_a state_n as_o ordinary_o we_o do_v in_o the_o way_n of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n and_o too_o frequent_o in_o the_o way_n of_o war_n too_o question_n and_o controversy_n without_o number_n do_v arise_v some_z whereof_z do_v concern_v &_o reflect_v upon_o the_o state_n themselves_o as_o be_v of_o public_a concernment_n other_o be_v of_o a_o more_o private_a nature_n and_o do_v concern_v the_o interest_n of_o some_o subject_n only_o but_o when_o such_o controversy_n of_o either_o kind_n do_v happen_v be_v there_o any_o municipal_a law_n capable_a to_o decide_v they_o shall_v we_o not_o as_o much_o disdain_n to_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o law_n of_o france_n or_o spain_n when_o we_o have_v to_o do_v with_o they_o as_o they_o will_v to_o be_v overrule_v by_o we_o when_o they_o have_v to_o do_v with_o we_o nay_o shall_v we_o not_o abandon_v the_o society_n of_o such_o a_o nation_n that_o shall_v tie_v we_o to_o their_o own_o law_n in_o matter_n that_o be_v transact_v and_o do_v out_o of_o their_o proper_a territory_n as_o happy_o upon_o the_o open_a sea_n or_o in_o the_o territory_n of_o another_o prince_n and_o people_n of_o what_o force_n or_o power_n can_v a_o law_n be_v to_o those_o who_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o authority_n of_o those_o that_o make_v it_o fut_fw-fr it_o ubi_fw-la cessat_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la statuemium_fw-la statuti_fw-la dispositio_fw-la non_fw-la obtinet_fw-la l._n fin_n dig._n the_o jutisd_a omn_fw-la judic._n l._n 1._o co._n de_fw-fr susp_n fut_fw-fr and_o yet_o when_o we_o fall_v into_o their_o hand_n and_o controversy_n be_v move_v against_o we_o in_o their_o tribunal_n we_o must_v inevitable_o stand_v to_o and_o abide_v their_o justice_n and_o the_o like_a they_o owe_v to_o we_o but_o then_o right_o must_v be_v do_v by_o such_o rule_n and_o principle_n as_o both_o side_n may_v be_v full_o satisfy_v in_o the_o equity_n of_o they_o here_o therefore_o do_v appear_v the_o true_a use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o ground_n whereupon_o all_o nation_n have_v admit_v it_o into_o their_o court_n and_o act_n of_o justice_n for_o although_o it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o case_n which_o be_v not_o contain_v in_o the_o roman_a law_n neque_fw-la leges_fw-la neque_fw-la senatusconsulta_fw-la ita_fw-la scribi_fw-la possunt_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la casus_fw-la qui_fw-la quandoque_fw-la inciderint_fw-la comprehendantur_fw-la sed_fw-la sufficit_fw-la &_o ea_fw-la quae_fw-la plerunque_fw-la accidunt_fw-la contineri_fw-la say_v the_o civil_a law_n itself_o legib_fw-la itself_o l._n 10._o dig._n de_fw-fr legib_fw-la neither_o law_n nor_o result_v of_o council_n can_v be_v so_o sufficient_o frame_v as_o to_o provide_v for_o all_o case_n that_o shall_v happen_v hereafter_o but_o it_o may_v suffice_v if_o such_o case_n be_v provide_v for_o as_o in_o contingency_n be_v most_o familiar_a and_o common_a yet_o such_o be_v the_o copiousness_n of_o that_o law_n beyond_o any_o that_o have_v yet_o be_v and_o such_o a_o wonderful_a enlargement_n have_v be_v make_v thereof_o by_o the_o professor_n of_o it_o in_o all_o age_n ever_o since_o as_o case_n and_o accident_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o nature_n and_o in_o all_o country_n have_v happen_v from_o time_n to_o time_n from_o study_n argument_n and_o the_o several_a resolution_n of_o foreign_a court_n apply_v thereunto_o and_o all_o upon_o the_o reason_n and_o equity_n of_o that_o law_n which_o be_v write_v by_o the_o roman_n that_o now_o it_o may_v be_v just_o think_v no_o case_n can_v fall_v out_o or_o accident_n arise_v which_o the_o learning_n of_o that_o profession_n thus_o polish_v and_o perfect_v either_o in_o express_a term_n or_o by_o parity_n of_o reason_n will_v not_o determine_v wherefore_o it_o be_v upon_o just_a reason_n and_o likewise_o upon_o necessity_n too_o that_o so_o many_o nation_n have_v recourse_n to_o the_o wisdom_n and_o fullness_n of_o that_o law_n thus_o amplify_v as_o oft_o as_o their_o own_o particular_a constitution_n fail_v they_o and_o although_o there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o man_n in_o the_o world_n who_o indeed_o have_v some_o good_a natural_a ability_n in_o they_o as_o a_o ready_a apprehension_n a_o quick_a wit_n a_o hold_v memory_n and_o a_o smooth_a elocution_n but_o be_v never_o bring_v up_o either_o in_o law_n or_o any_o learning_n yet_o they_o do_v much_o presume_v upon_o that_o ordinary_a and_o common_a understanding_n which_o they_o have_v that_o they_o think_v or_o at_o least_o they_o will_v have_v the_o world_n believe_v so_o whereby_o they_o may_v be_v think_v worthy_a of_o the_o best_a place_n of_o judicature_n that_o they_o can_v by_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o poor_a illiterate_a reason_n resolve_v all_o question_n and_o doubt_n of_o law_n whatsoever_o whether_o they_o arise_v at_o land_n or_o at_o sea_n be_v they_o of_o public_a concernment_n or_o of_o private_a entrench_v upon_o our_o own_o law_n or_o touch_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v the_o case_n between_o prince_n and_o people_n subject_n and_o stranger_n one_o state_n and_o another_o clear_v in_o law_n or_o ambiguous_a settle_v by_o express_a constitution_n or_o leave_v undecided_a yet_o their_o capacity_n as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o conceive_v without_o any_o such_o help_n as_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v suffice_v for_o all_o and_o yet_o when_o these_o presumptuous_a and_o high_a conceit_a man_n do_v sit_v to_o judge_v and_o administer_v right_a on_o such_o matter_n they_o quick_o find_v what_o they_o will_v not_o before_o believe_v or_o at_o least_o not_o have_v believe_v by_o other_o that_o their_o understanding_n be_v too_o narrow_a to_o comprehend_v such_o difficult_a thing_n and_o their_o insufficiency_n to_o be_v too_o great_a
law_n and_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o get_v above_o and_o prevail_v over_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o own_o territory_n for_o that_o be_v no_o less_o than_o to_o worship_v two_o sun_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o firmament_n and_o to_o call_v in_o the_o roman_a sovereignty_n which_o be_v long_o ago_o cast_v off_o but_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v not_o be_v study_v public_o teach_v no_o degree_n take_v in_o it_o nor_o cite_v in_o their_o judicatories_n in_o a_o ministerial_a and_o subordinate_a way_n to_o their_o own_o municipal_a law_n and_o custom_n or_o that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o teach_v we_o true_a equity_n and_o sound_a reason_n their_o restrain_v edict_n never_o have_v so_o far_o prevail_v so_o total_o to_o suppress_v it_o from_o the_o time_n of_o lotharius_n the_o second_o the_o first_o restorer_n and_o reestablisher_n of_o it_o to_o this_o present_a which_o be_v now_o full_a 500_o year_n plurimùm_fw-la distat_fw-la lex_fw-la à _fw-la jure_fw-la say_v the_o same_o bodine_n jus_fw-la enim_fw-la sine_fw-la jussu_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la aequum_fw-la bonumque_fw-la est_fw-la lex_fw-la autem_fw-la aâ—_n imperantis_fw-la majestatem_fw-la pertinet_fw-la there_o be_v much_o difference_n betwixt_o right_n and_o law_n for_o right_o without_o any_o command_n insinuate_v itself_o into_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o just_a man_n recommend_v to_o that_o which_o be_v good_a and_o equal_a but_o law_n import_v a_o command_n of_o some_o sovereign_n which_o may_v force_v and_o hurry_v the_o will_n to_o such_o a_o action_n which_o in_o equity_n or_o right_a reason_n may_v not_o be_v good_a or_o laudable_a as_o a_o law_n to_o bind_v by_o its_o own_o proper_a power_n and_o virtue_n or_o by_o any_o authority_n of_o those_o that_o make_v it_o the_o imperial_a law_n be_v not_o admit_v in_o any_o nation_n yet_o no_o christian_a nation_n with_o all_o the_o express_a decree_n that_o that_o they_o have_v at_o any_o time_n make_v against_o it_o have_v be_v able_a to_o exclude_v it_o as_o it_o contain_v veram_fw-la naturalem_fw-la rationem_fw-la optimum_fw-la inter_fw-la omnes_fw-la leges_fw-la humanas_fw-la exemplum_fw-la aequitatis_fw-la normam_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la prudentum_fw-la veram_fw-la justitiae_fw-la rationem_fw-la artem_fw-la &_o scientiam_fw-la juris_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la bonos_fw-es mores_fw-la complectitur_fw-la they_o all_o admit_v it_o as_o it_o do_v propound_v and_o hold_v forth_o true_a natural_a reason_n and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o most_o imitable_a pattern_n among_o all_o the_o law_n of_o man_n the_o rule_n of_o equity_n the_o voice_n of_o sage_a man_n the_o true_a method_n of_o justice_n the_o art_n and_o knowledge_n of_o do_v right_a and_o as_o it_o comprehend_v instruction_n for_o a_o moral_a life_n for_o thus_o to_o shut_v the_o door_n against_o it_o be_v to_o renounce_v reason_n equity_n justice_n and_o to_o defy_v all_o moral_a goodness_n thus_o much_o may_v very_o well_o suffice_v to_o show_v how_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n have_v have_v the_o singular_a honour_n and_o prerogative_n which_o no_o other_o law_n have_v have_v to_o be_v rescue_v from_o that_o universal_a deluge_n of_o abolition_n which_o have_v sweep_v away_o all_o other_o ancient_a law_n beside_o it_o and_o not_o only_o to_o outlive_v rome_n itself_o but_o to_o outstand_v many_o dangerous_a assault_n and_o casualty_n and_o divers_a sharp_a penal_a edict_n that_o have_v be_v make_v against_o it_o and_o to_o continue_v to_o this_o very_a time_n a_o large_a and_o accomplish_a body_n this_o sure_o next_o to_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n who_o have_v so_o dispose_v it_o must_v needs_o be_v ascribe_v and_o the_o cause_n must_v needs_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v some_o especial_a excellency_n and_o rare_a wisdom_n that_o be_v in_o the_o law_n itself_o for_o else_o why_o have_v not_o other_o law_n continue_v as_o long_o as_o that_o have_v do_v chap._n iu._n that_o foreign_a nation_n in_o do_v of_o right_n between_o man_n and_o man_n do_v main_o practice_v and_o make_v use_n of_o the_o rule_n and_o dictate_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n frame_v so_o many_o hundred_o year_n ago_o and_o devise_v for_o the_o use_n of_o one_o nation_n only_o be_v still_o extant_a and_o in_o be_v at_o this_o day_n the_o state_n itself_o be_v quite_o extinct_a possible_o it_o may_v not_o seem_v commendation_n and_o praise_n sufficient_a except_o the_o use_n practice_n and_o observation_n of_o it_o up_o and_o down_o divers_a great_a nation_n of_o the_o world_n be_v also_o show_v the_o next_o thing_n therefore_o that_o we_o have_v to_o say_v in_o further_a praise_n thereof_o be_v that_o the_o great_a and_o best_a order_a nation_n though_o they_o manage_v their_o public_a occasion_n and_o affair_n of_o state_n by_o rule_n and_o direction_n of_o their_o own_o ordain_v have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o people_n way_n of_o government_n and_o present_a exigency_n only_o yet_o in_o the_o dispensation_n of_o private_a justice_n and_o in_o pacify_v the_o debate_n and_o difference_n that_o do_v arise_v between_o their_o subject_n where_o mere_a right_n and_o equity_n only_o be_v considerable_a they_o use_v and_o practice_v the_o rule_n and_o principle_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n chief_o peculiar_a statute_n ordinance_n custom_n and_o municipal_a law_n every_o state_n have_v of_o its_o own_o make_n which_o in_o the_o regulation_n of_o its_o proper_a affair_n it_o do_v prefer_v before_o any_o other_o law_n or_o constitution_n whatsoever_o though_o in_o reason_n and_o convenience_n they_o may_v seem_v much_o better_a yet_o humane_a occurence_n be_v so_o many_o in_o number_n and_o in_o circumstance_n so_o great_o differ_v one_o from_o the_o other_o that_o no_o nation_n be_v perfect_o supply_v with_o law_n of_o their_o own_o to_o answer_v they_o but_o that_o there_o be_v still_o need_v of_o some_o subsidiary_a law_n more_o universal_a and_o comprehensive_a than_o its_o own_o and_o from_o this_o ground_n be_v it_o that_o most_o state_n have_v entertain_v the_o imperial_a law_n to_o supply_v and_o assist_v where_o their_o own_o be_v defective_a make_v their_o study_n and_o science_n of_o law_n to_o consist_v in_o that_o but_o the_o use_n and_o exercise_v thereof_o to_o be_v restrain_v and_o bound_v by_o their_o own_o proper_a law_n which_o every_o nation_n require_v to_o have_v first_o know_v and_o chief_o to_o be_v observe_v wherefore_o if_o you_o travel_v into_o their_o state_n and_o shall_v ascend_v up_o into_o their_o court_n and_o place_n of_o judicature_n both_o judge_n and_o advocate_n will_v be_v every_o where_o find_v to_o be_v all_o civilian_n and_o graduate_n in_o that_o faculty_n &_o the_o proceed_n in_o cause_n there_o to_o be_v most_o after_o the_o form_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o when_o any_o case_n come_v to_o be_v resolve_v by_o final_a sentence_n if_o there_o be_v any_o proper_a or_o peculiar_a law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n to_o determine_v it_o judgement_n pass_v as_o that_o special_a law_n direct_v but_o if_o that_o be_v want_v as_o common_o it_o be_v present_o recourse_n be_v have_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o by_o that_o be_v it_o both_o plead_v and_o judge_v which_o because_o it_o show_v the_o transcendent_a excellency_n of_o this_o law_n be_v incident_a to_o no_o other_o law_n beside_o and_o be_v not_o thorough_o inquire_v into_o may_v seem_v incredible_a to_o many_o man_n it_o be_v therefore_o a_o point_n worthy_a of_o a_o strict_a examination_n and_o fit_a to_o be_v full_o clear_v and_o perfect_o understand_v for_o peradventure_o it_o may_v not_o pass_v without_o a_o wonder_n that_o a_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o manage_v their_o rule_n and_o government_n by_o law_n of_o their_o own_o devise_v or_o that_o any_o difference_n shall_v arise_v among_o their_o people_n which_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o decide_v of_o themselves_o but_o must_v consult_v with_o the_o oracle_n of_o other_o nation_n it_o eclipse_n some_o may_v think_v the_o majesty_n of_o a_o state_n to_o have_v rule_v prescribe_v to_o it_o by_o other_o and_o since_o the_o time_n that_o a_o divivision_n of_o kingdom_n be_v first_o make_v and_o each_o have_v their_o bound_n set_v they_o no_o potentate_n no_o not_o the_o emperor_n himself_o have_v pretend_v to_o a_o power_n to_o give_v law_n to_o any_o but_o to_o such_o as_o have_v be_v his_o subject_n by_o birth_n habitation_n or_o conquest_n neither_o can_v law_n be_v make_v to_o regulate_v the_o whole_a world_n or_o to_o bind_v all_o people_n say_v suarez_n 9_o suarez_n lib._n 3._o the_o legib_n ca._n 4._o nu_fw-la 7._o &_o ea_z 7._o nu_fw-la 9_o beside_o quae_fw-la leges_fw-la romanis_n congruebant_fw-la non_fw-la omnibus_fw-la jam_fw-la congruunt_fw-la mutata_fw-la est_fw-la ratio_fw-la vivendi_fw-la status_fw-la rerum_fw-la mutatus_fw-la say_v ludovicus_n vives_z 7._o vives_z de_fw-fr cause_n corrupt_v art_n
great_a student_n in_o all_o learning_n and_o one_o that_o seem_v to_o have_v search_v narrow_o into_o the_o state_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o it_o have_v stand_v in_o use_n and_o request_n in_o other_o country_n as_o well_o as_o in_o england_n in_o all_o time_n in_o his_o additional_a discourse_n upon_o fleta_n whole_o spend_v upon_o that_o subject_n own_v the_o entertainment_n and_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o the_o western_a country_n of_o europe_n that_o have_v leave_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o roman_a empire_n long_o before_o for_o in_o that_o discourse_n 4._o discourse_n ca._n 6._o parag_v 4._o he_o have_v these_o word_n ita_fw-la jam_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la sub_fw-la annum_fw-la 1145_o receptus_fw-la fuit_fw-la juris_fw-la justinianaei_fw-la usus_fw-la ut_fw-la quoties_fw-la interpretandi_fw-la jura_fw-la sive_fw-la vetera_fw-la sive_fw-la nova_fw-la sive_fw-la ratio_fw-la sive_fw-la analogia_fw-la desideraretur_fw-la aut_fw-la mos_fw-la aut_fw-la lex_fw-la expressior_fw-la non_fw-la reperiretur_fw-la ad_fw-la jus_o illud_fw-la justinianaeum_fw-la tum_fw-la veluti_fw-la rationis_fw-la juridicae_fw-la promptuarium_fw-la optimum_fw-la ac_fw-la ditissimum_fw-la tum_fw-la ut_fw-la quòd_fw-la legem_fw-la in_o nondum_fw-la definitis_fw-la ex_fw-la ratione_fw-la seu_fw-la analogia_fw-la commodè_fw-la suppleret_fw-la esset_fw-la recurrendum_fw-la certain_o ita_fw-la ferme_fw-fr rhodiam_fw-la recepere_fw-la veteres_fw-la romani_fw-la legem_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la nauticis_fw-la ut_fw-la etiam_fw-la apud_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o gentes_fw-la vicinas_fw-la leges_fw-la recipiuntur_fw-la oleronianae_n cùm_fw-la interim_n nec_fw-la hae_fw-la nec_fw-la illae_fw-la ex_fw-la authoritate_fw-la svi_fw-la quâ_fw-la primò_fw-la conditae_fw-la sunt_fw-la vim_o sic_fw-la obtinuerint_fw-la atque_fw-la ut_fw-la academiae_fw-la demùm_fw-la non_fw-la paucae_fw-la aliae_fw-la per_fw-la europam_fw-la occidentalem_fw-la hac_fw-la in_o re_fw-la quoad_fw-la studiorum_fw-la institutionem_fw-la bononiensem_fw-la ita_fw-la etiam_fw-la regna_fw-la alia_fw-la &_o respublicae_fw-la imperium_fw-la caesarianum_fw-la quoad_fw-la usum_fw-la juris_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la aliquem_fw-la imitatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la retentis_fw-la semper_fw-la ac_fw-la ubique_fw-la moribus_fw-la aliâs_fw-la avitis_fw-la legibusque_fw-la sibi_fw-la pro_fw-la varia_fw-la regiminis_fw-la cujusque_fw-la formula_fw-la ante_fw-la conditis_fw-la novasque_fw-la condendi_fw-la tum_fw-la libertate_fw-la tum_fw-la usu_fw-la neque_fw-la ullibi_fw-la pro_fw-la simplici_fw-la jurïs_fw-la norma_fw-la in_o occidente_fw-la inde_fw-la usurpatum_fw-la est_fw-la jus_o illud_fw-la caesareum_fw-la sed_fw-la cum_fw-la temperamentis_fw-la quae_fw-la jam_fw-la diximus_fw-la that_o be_v about_o the_o year_n one_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o forty_o five_o justinians_n law_n come_v to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o europe_n in_o such_o case_n as_o either_o the_o state_n have_v make_v no_o special_a provision_n at_o all_o in_o they_o or_o that_o there_o be_v no_o custom_n to_o resolve_v they_o by_o or_o where_o in_o default_n of_o both_o the_o case_n that_o fall_v out_o be_v to_o be_v settle_v by_o right_a and_o sound_a reason_n or_o by_o some_o other_o case_n that_o in_o all_o circumstance_n do_v resemble_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n or_o last_o where_o the_o local_a statute_n themselves_o be_v not_o so_o clear_a but_o that_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o interpretation_n and_o be_v so_o doubtful_o pen_v that_o solid_a reason_n and_o a_o deep_a judgement_n be_v to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o explain_v they_o in_o all_o which_o case_n recourse_n be_v have_v to_o the_o law_n of_o justinian_n as_o to_o the_o best_a and_o rich_a treasury_n of_o legal_a reason_n and_o equitable_a knowledge_n and_o which_o can_v best_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o a_o peculiar_a law_n either_o with_o concludent_fw-la reason_n or_o with_o parallel_v the_o case_n in_o question_n with_o other_o express_a case_n of_o the_o law_n as_o do_v exact_o suit_v therewith_o much_o after_o the_o same_o sort_n be_v the_o rhodian_a law_n embrace_v by_o the_o ancient_a roman_n to_o regulate_v such_o matter_n as_o fell_v out_o at_o sea_n as_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n have_v be_v in_o england_n and_o elsewhere_o when_o as_o notwithstanding_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o have_v have_v such_o a_o bind_a power_n in_o they_o as_o they_o have_v when_o and_o where_o they_o be_v first_o ordain_v and_o as_o many_o university_n at_o last_o be_v guide_v by_o that_o of_o bononia_n where_o learning_n after_o it_o have_v lie_v a_o long_a time_n neglect_v be_v first_o revive_v in_o set_v up_o the_o teach_n and_o read_v of_o all_o kind_n of_o literature_n so_o do_v also_o other_o kingdom_n and_o commonwealth_n in_o some_o measure_n make_v use_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o the_o empire_n do_v reserve_v to_o themselves_o such_o old_a law_n and_o custom_n as_o they_o have_v proper_a to_o their_o several_a form_n and_o way_n of_o government_n and_o the_o freedom_n of_o make_v new_a which_o they_o practise_v as_o oft_o as_o they_o have_v occasion_n neither_o say_v he_o have_v that_o imperial_a law_n be_v at_o any_o time_n since_o observe_v in_o the_o western_a country_n for_o a_o positive_a command_a law_n but_o ever_o under_o the_o rule_n and_o limit_n before_o speak_v of_o the_o same_o mr_n selden_n also_o in_o his_o mare_fw-la clausum_fw-la 24._o clausum_fw-la lib._n 1._o ca._n 24._o although_o he_o will_v have_v the_o european_a nation_n to_o practice_v divers_a thing_n very_o opposite_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o that_o there_o be_v no_o slave_n now_o or_o right_a of_o personal_a postliminiage_n as_o be_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o that_o good_n cast_v away_o at_o sea_n do_v by_o the_o custom_n and_o ordinance_n of_o many_o country_n accrue_v to_o the_o prince_n themselves_o which_o by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v restore_v back_o to_o the_o owner_n or_o if_o they_o claim_v not_o go_v to_o the_o first_o occupant_a yet_o he_o commend_v the_o prince_n of_o europe_n for_o establish_v the_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o their_o academy_n and_o in_o their_o tribunal_n so_o far_o as_o their_o own_o peculiar_a statute_n be_v not_o contrary_a thereunto_o i_o can_v also_o omit_v what_o mr_n selden_n write_v in_o his_o review_n upon_o his_o history_n of_o tithe_n 7._o tithe_n ca._n 7._o where_o though_o he_o vehement_o declaime_v against_o the_o gross_a ignorance_n of_o those_o that_o do_v not_o stick_v to_o publish_v here_o in_o england_n common_o that_o all_o other_o state_n be_v govern_v only_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o will_v have_v such_o to_o understand_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o use_n of_o law_n in_o study_n or_o argument_n and_o the_o govern_v authority_n of_o they_o yet_o he_o acknowledge_v that_o in_o the_o empire_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o itaely_a through_o the_o power_n of_o emperor_n and_o pope_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v still_o continue_v and_o that_o in_o poriugal_n the_o roman_a civil_a law_n be_v authorize_v by_o a_o ordinance_n of_o state_n in_o case_n which_o be_v not_o literal_o comprehend_v in_o the_o custom_n or_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o as_o for_o other_o christian_a state_n which_o acknowledge_v no_o superior_a or_o any_o subjection_n to_o the_o empire_n as_o france_n spain_n denmark_n poland_n the_o city_n of_o venice_n and_o what_o also_o in_o germany_n have_v make_v itself_o free_a from_o the_o empire_n though_o as_o it_o be_v law_n he_o will_v not_o have_v it_o to_o bind_v or_o rule_v with_o they_o yet_o he_o say_v in_o all_o of_o they_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o bring_v into_o method_n be_v use_v and_o apply_v common_o to_o argument_n when_o any_o of_o their_o custom_n or_o statute_n come_v in_o question_n because_o the_o practiser_n study_v it_o in_o the_o university_n and_o have_v thence_o their_o degree_n give_v they_o and_o so_o the_o old_a imperial_a civil_a law_n valet_fw-la pro_fw-la ratione_fw-la non_fw-la pro_fw-la inducto_fw-la jure_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la ratione_fw-la only_o quantum_fw-la reges_fw-la dynastae_fw-la &_o respublicae_fw-la intra_fw-la potestatis_fw-la suae_fw-la fine_n valere_fw-la patiuntur_fw-la that_o be_v it_o be_v of_o force_n as_o reason_n not_o as_o a_o introduce_v law_n and_o no_o far_o as_o reason_n then_o as_o king_n ruler_n and_o commonwealth_n will_v have_v it_o to_o prevail_v within_o their_o several_a territory_n and_o yet_o the_o same_o mr_n selden_n also_o say_v within_o very_a few_o line_n after_o that_o doubtless_o custom_n have_v make_v some_o part_n of_o the_o imperial_o to_o be_v receive_v for_o law_n in_o all_o place_n where_o they_o have_v be_v study_v and_o albeit_o he_o be_v very_o vehement_a in_o assert_v that_o justice_n be_v administer_v in_o every_o state_n by_o its_o own_o peculiar_a law_n yet_o he_o admit_v also_o that_o the_o interpretation_n of_o those_o law_n in_o most_o place_n save_v england_n and_o ireland_n have_v of_o late_a time_n be_v much_o direct_v by_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o imperial_o and_o only_o by_o the_o reason_n of_o they_o and_o not_o by_o their_o authority_n and_o that_o also_o in_o case_n where_o they_o be_v
of_o government_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o trial_n and_o determination_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v be_v keep_v within_o the_o same_o cognisance_n still_o these_o alteration_n notwithstanding_o first_o because_o for_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n that_o and_o no_o other_o his_o be_v the_o stand_n approve_a and_o practise_v law_n in_o those_o matter_n and_o therefore_o in_o that_o regard_n to_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o new_a law_n though_o better_a if_o such_o a_o one_o can_v possible_o be_v find_v second_o because_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v lay_v aside_o it_o will_v be_v so_o impossible_a to_o find_v a_o better_a that_o we_o shall_v find_v no_o law_n or_o rule_n at_o all_o to_o put_v in_o the_o room_n thereof_o that_o will_v be_v able_a to_o decide_v they_o with_o any_o tolerable_a discretion_n or_o knowledge_n the_o professor_n of_o the_o municipal_a law_n must_v acknowledge_v that_o their_o book_n case_n the_o only_a learning_n of_o their_o law_n must_v needs_o here_o fail_v they_o when_o not_o any_o of_o those_o matter_n be_v ever_o judge_v or_o try_v before_o they_o where_o then_o will_v the_o law_n or_o rule_n be_v find_v and_o sure_o from_o that_o we_o have_v before_o say_v it_o be_v very_o inconvenient_a to_o commit_v the_o trial_n of_o they_o to_o such_o as_o have_v neither_o law_n or_o knowledge_n proper_a for_o the_o determination_n of_o they_o three_o because_o thereby_o so_o eminent_a and_o so_o useful_a a_o profession_n may_v be_v keep_v up_o which_o else_o to_o the_o great_a dishonour_n and_o damage_n of_o this_o nation_n must_v irrecoverable_o fall_v and_o be_v quite_o extinct_a four_o because_o if_o these_o thing_n be_v suffer_v to_o go_v on_o in_o their_o accustom_a way_n it_o will_v make_v this_o great_a change_n of_o state_n to_o be_v the_o less_o which_o in_o all_o alteration_n be_v to_o be_v wish_v and_o seek_v after_o five_o because_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o cause_n to_o tie_v they_o to_o the_o former_a government_n only_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v try_v under_o the_o name_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o present_a government_n and_o yet_o as_o much_o according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o they_o be_v before_o for_o indeed_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v fit_v to_o act_v under_o any_o government_n it_o can_v serve_v the_o church_n as_o well_o as_o the_o state_n the_o popular_a government_n as_o well_o as_o the_o regal_a and_o the_o aristocratical_a as_o well_o as_o either_o as_o we_o shall_v clear_o find_v if_o we_o look_v into_o the_o state_n abroad_o as_o france_n spain_n the_o empire_n the_o territory_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o state_n of_o the_o low_a country_n the_o state_n of_o italy_n the_o state_n of_o venice_n who_o differ_v in_o point_n of_o government_n do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v use_v and_o practise_v in_o they_o all_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o it_o meddle_v not_o with_o matter_n of_o government_n at_o all_o but_o be_v original_o make_v to_o order_v the_o private_a affair_n of_o the_o people_n and_o to_o judge_v the_o matter_n of_o right_n between_o party_n and_o party_n only_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o very_a state_n and_o purport_n of_o the_o law_n themselves_o which_o be_v as_o answer_v make_v to_o question_n only_o concern_v matter_n of_o private_a right_n and_o interest_n as_o they_o do_v arise_v from_o time_n to_o time_n during_o the_o long_a continuance_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n beside_o the_o roman_n themselves_o after_o they_o have_v expulse_v their_o king_n see_v several_a kind_n of_o government_n and_o yet_o the_o civil_a law_n serve_v under_o they_o all_o and_o if_o it_o do_v not_o stand_v indifferent_a in_o this_o point_n of_o government_n so_o many_o prince_n and_o state_n herein_o very_o much_o disagree_v will_v not_o so_o free_o admit_v it_o into_o their_o territory_n as_o they_o do_v for_o can_v we_o think_v that_o they_o will_v consent_v to_o the_o admittance_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v endanger_v their_o government_n so_o that_o it_o be_v clear_a the_o change_n of_o government_n that_o have_v be_v among_o we_o do_v not_o at_o all_o hinder_a but_o that_o as_o long_o as_o the_o same_o cause_n as_o well_o maritime_a as_o other_o do_v remain_v and_o must_v necessary_o have_v a_o trial_n the_o civil_a law_n that_o try_v they_o before_o be_v the_o fit_a law_n to_o try_v they_o still_o it_o be_v of_o as_o little_a force_n and_o moment_n and_o aught_o to_o hinder_v no_o more_o which_o be_v object_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v a_o foreign_a law_n not_o ordain_v by_o the_o legislative_a power_n and_o authority_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o therefore_o very_o inconvenient_a it_o may_v seem_v that_o matter_n arise_v here_o shall_v be_v order_v by_o any_o other_o law_n than_o which_o be_v of_o our_o own_o make_n or_o that_o we_o shall_v be_v make_v to_o submit_v to_o any_o other_o beside_o to_o have_v two_o law_n tolerate_v in_o one_o state_n may_v cause_v great_a distraction_n and_o uncertainty_n among_o the_o people_n who_o may_v under_o several_a pretence_n be_v trouble_v and_o convent_v under_o both_o for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n further_o the_o entertain_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n may_v in_o time_n be_v a_o mean_n to_o supplant_v and_o undermine_v the_o municipal_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o nation_n for_o as_o to_o its_o be_v a_o foreign_a law_n what_o be_v it_o more_o in_o that_o than_o the_o law_n of_o the_o saxon_n dane_n and_o norman_n of_o the_o which_o our_o english_a antiquary_n cambden_n 153._o cambden_n britann_n foe_fw-mi 153._o spelman_n anglorum_fw-la spelman_n glossar_n verb._n lex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la cowell_n law_n cowell_n interpr_fw-la verb._n law_n and_o selden_n princ_fw-la selden_n note_n upon_o fortescue_n ca._n 17._o in_o princ_fw-la all_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o law_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v but_o a_o mixture_n and_o composition_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o such_o a_o stranger_n among_o we_o neither_o as_o may_v be_v conceive_v for_o not_o only_a antiquity_n will_v tell_v we_o that_o when_o the_o roman_n be_v possess_v of_o this_o nation_n and_o during_o the_o continuance_n of_o their_o government_n and_o power_n here_o which_o be_v no_o less_o than_o 500_o year_n all_o the_o affair_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v order_v and_o carry_v on_o by_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n and_o have_v no_o law_n to_o assist_v much_o less_o to_o check_v it_o in_o all_o that_o time_n 4._o time_n cambdens_fw-la britan._n foe_n 63._o selden'_v dissertat_fw-la ad_fw-la flet._n ca._n 4._o but_o also_o if_o we_o look_v no_o further_o back_o then_o twenty_o year_n ago_o we_o shall_v remember_v the_o civil_a law_n do_v so_o far_o spread_v itself_o up_o and_o down_o this_o nation_n that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o county_n which_o have_v not_o some_o part_n of_o the_o government_n thereof_o manage_v and_o exercise_v by_o one_o or_o more_o of_o that_o profession_n beside_o the_o great_a employment_n and_o practice_v it_o have_v in_o the_o court_n in_o london_n so_o that_o it_o be_v thus_o incorporate_v and_o as_o i_o may_v say_v naturalize_v by_o ourselves_o into_o this_o commonwealth_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v repute_v or_o look_v upon_o by_o we_o a_o stranger_n any_o long_o beside_o right_a reason_n from_o what_o hand_n soever_o it_o come_v present_v aught_o to_o be_v embrace_v by_o we_o 10._o we_o rationabile_fw-la dictum_fw-la debet_fw-la ita_fw-la movere_fw-la judicem_fw-la ed_z judicandum_fw-la sicut_fw-la ipsa_fw-la lex_fw-la quia_fw-la lex_fw-la est_fw-la omne_fw-la quod_fw-la ratione_fw-la consistit_fw-la itaque_fw-la sufficit_fw-la allegare_fw-la naturalem_fw-la rationem_fw-la licet_fw-la quis_fw-la legem_fw-la non_fw-la alleget_fw-la jas_n in_o l._n 19_o co._n de_fw-fr collat_n nu_fw-la 10._o and_o be_v authority_n enough_o to_o itself_o to_o carry_v the_o understanding_n judgement_n will_n and_o affection_n of_o all_o man_n though_o it_o be_v not_o put_v into_o a_o law_n tut._n law_n imberillitas_fw-la est_fw-la humani_fw-la intellectus_fw-la in_o quacunque_fw-la causa_fw-la legem_fw-la quaerere_fw-la ubi_fw-la rationem_fw-la naturalem_fw-la inveneris_fw-la bald._n in_o l._n scire_fw-la oporiet_fw-la parag_v sufficit_fw-la dig._n de_fw-fr excus_fw-la tut._n but_o when_o beside_o its_o own_o command_a power_n and_o virtue_n it_o come_v withal_o recommend_v by_o such_o a_o wise_a state_n as_o the_o roman_a be_v and_o frame_v into_o a_o law_n by_o they_o and_o have_v since_o be_v allow_v of_o by_o other_o nation_n also_o as_o conform_v with_o the_o general_a reason_n of_o man_n sure_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o strange_a and_o foreign_a unto_o we_o or_o to_o our_o affair_n carry_v about_o as_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o deal_v in_o the_o same_o matter_n that_o they_o do_v mere_o because_o we_o do_v not_o promulgate_v and_o enact_v
the_o same_o moreover_o if_o we_o will_v deal_v in_o foreign_a affair_n and_o launch_v forth_o into_o the_o wide_a ocean_n and_o converse_v with_o foreign_a people_n and_o have_v to_o do_v with_o ship_v negotiation_n and_o traffic_v without_o which_o so_o populous_a be_v we_o grow_v we_o be_v not_o able_a so_o much_o as_o to_o subsist_v or_o live_v or_o if_o we_o will_v be_v enable_v to_o stand_v upon_o our_o own_o defence_n against_o a_o nation_n that_o shall_v assault_v we_o by_o a_o war_n or_o revenge_n unsufferable_a injury_n do_v we_o by_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o we_o must_v not_o then_o stand_v upon_o our_o own_o legislative_a authority_n to_o which_o other_o prince_n and_o people_n will_v not_o be_v oblige_v 5._o oblige_v consuetudines_fw-la vel_fw-la statuta_fw-la sunt_fw-la localia_fw-la &_o fie_o non_fw-la obligant_fw-la nisi_fw-la subditos_fw-la gail_n ob_n lib_n 2._o ob_n 124._o nu_fw-la 5._o but_o we_o must_v be_v content_v to_o stand_v and_o submit_v ourselves_o to_o such_o a_o law_n how_o foreign_a soever_o as_o be_v proper_a for_o those_o very_a matter_n and_o to_o which_o other_o nation_n do_v refer_v themselves_o which_o be_v the_o civil_a law_n that_o nature_n have_v breathe_v out_o itself_o in_o and_o nation_n have_v consent_v unto_o and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o necessary_a for_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o foreign_a affair_n that_o they_o can_v be_v transact_v without_o it_o this_o show_v a_o necessity_n of_o admit_v of_o it_o also_o in_o the_o agitation_n of_o certain_a matter_n and_o cause_n at_o home_n and_o among_o ourselves_o for_o the_o more_o ample_a reward_n and_o encouragement_n of_o that_o profession_n which_o can_v never_o be_v maintain_v or_o uphold_v by_o the_o transaction_n of_o foreign_a affair_n only_o which_o be_v not_o desire_v neither_o in_o any_o great_a latitude_n or_o measure_n then_o have_v be_v always_o allow_v it_o heretofore_o and_o where_o the_o common-law_n have_v never_o know_v to_o intermeddle_v and_o in_o which_o if_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v not_o be_v use_v question_n and_o difference_n will_v arise_v and_o there_o will_v be_v no_o law_n or_o rule_n find_v to_o settle_v they_o which_o will_v be_v a_o very_a pernicious_a thing_n so_o that_o be_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n foreign_a which_o it_o can_v be_v except_o it_o be_v impose_v upon_o we_o by_o some_o other_o nation_n or_o people_n or_o be_v it_o that_o it_o be_v of_o no_o authority_n at_o all_o but_o what_o the_o necessary_a assent_n of_o our_o own_o natural_a reason_n and_o the_o consent_n of_o nation_n give_v it_o yet_o it_o be_v strange_a that_o we_o shall_v rather_o choose_v to_o have_v no_o law_n at_o all_o in_o those_o matter_n then_o to_o receive_v or_o entertain_v the_o same_o for_o a_o help_n to_o direct_v our_o judgement_n in_o they_o it_o be_v then_o so_o necessary_a a_o law_n that_o but_o by_o the_o knowledge_n and_o conduct_n thereof_o foreign_a affair_n can_v possible_o be_v carry_v on_o and_o there_o will_v be_v a_o manifest_a failer_z of_o justice_n in_o other_o matter_n at_o home_n without_o it_o the_o suppose_a inconvenience_n of_o have_v two_o law_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o nation_n so_o much_o urge_v against_o it_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v a_o very_a slender_a and_o inconsiderable_a thing_n for_o how_o can_v that_o inconvenience_n hurt_v we_o more_o than_o it_o do_v other_o nation_n that_o have_v municipal_a law_n of_o their_o own_o and_o yet_o do_v keep_v the_o civil_a law_n too_o beside_o it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o inconvenience_n that_o it_o be_v both_o a_o benefit_n and_o a_o honour_n to_o a_o people_n to_o abound_v in_o justice_n and_o to_o have_v it_o rather_o supply_v by_o two_o law_n then_o to_o fail_v in_o the_o do_v thereof_o by_o have_v but_o one_o and_o though_o where_o there_o be_v two_o law_n and_o two_o distinct_a profession_n of_o they_o in_o one_o state_n if_o the_o matter_n and_o cause_n whereof_o they_o be_v several_o allow_v the_o cognizance_n be_v not_o certain_o assign_v to_o each_o that_o the_o one_o may_v not_o enterfire_o with_o the_o other_o there_o may_v arise_v a_o confusion_n of_o jurisdiction_n and_o the_o subject_n will_v be_v uncertain_a whither_o to_o go_v for_o justice_n and_o may_v be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v molest_v by_o both_o court_n for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n which_o be_v a_o intolerable_a mischief_n 6._o mischief_n gravius_n privatorum_fw-la damno_fw-la peccatur_fw-la eùm_fw-la inter_fw-la summos_fw-la magistratus_fw-la curiasve_fw-la majores_fw-la de_fw-la imperio_fw-la certatur_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n lib._n 3._o ca._n 6._o yet_o the_o court_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v always_o have_v their_o limit_n particular_o prescribe_v they_o and_o the_o cause_n within_o their_o cognisance_n punctual_o set_v down_o and_o if_o they_o hold_v plea_n of_o any_o thing_n else_o there_o be_v a_o know_a remedy_n to_o be_v have_v to_o stop_v they_o by_o bring_v prohibition_n from_o the_o common-law_n which_o be_v never_o so_o soon_o ask_v as_o grant_v but_o if_o the_o common-law_n court_n shall_v draw_v to_o their_o examination_n such_o matter_n as_o do_v proper_o belong_v to_o the_o civil_a as_o they_o have_v do_v too_o often_o or_o do_v prohibit_v the_o civil_a from_o proceed_v where_o they_o know_v they_o can_v do_v no_o right_a nor_o give_v any_o relief_n themselves_o as_o in_o the_o business_n of_o allot_v portion_n among_o the_o deceaseds_n kindred_n which_o they_o never_o do_v nor_o can_v do_v nor_o will_v suffer_v the_o civil_a law_n court_v to_o do_v it_o neither_o this_o a_o heavy_a vexation_n but_o the_o blame_n must_v lie_v upon_o they_o but_o to_o be_v sure_a while_o there_o be_v such_o a_o correct_a hand_n over_o the_o court_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o be_v little_a ground_n of_o fear_n that_o they_o can_v trouble_v or_o molest_v the_o people_n further_o than_o their_o just_a power_n do_v authorise_v they_o which_o may_v be_v sufficient_a also_o to_o remove_v the_o jealousy_n of_o those_o that_o fear_v if_o the_o civil_a shall_v be_v admit_v it_o may_v in_o time_n supplant_v and_o undermine_v the_o municipal_a law_n of_o this_o nation_n for_o it_o be_v a_o vain_a attempt_n for_o subordinate_a court_n to_o go_v about_o to_o shake_v the_o stand_n of_o that_o law_n to_o who_o check_n and_o control_n they_o lie_v continual_o subject_a and_o if_o in_o foreign_a nation_n that_o have_v their_o municipal_a law_n all_o of_o they_o but_o no_o profession_n nor_o lawyer_n nor_o judge_n but_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n only_o there_o be_v not_o any_o find_v so_o bold_a and_o presumptuous_a that_o dare_v at_o any_o time_n to_o set_v up_o the_o civil_a law_n above_o the_o particular_a law_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n though_o opportunity_n to_o do_v it_o be_v not_o want_v but_o that_o the_o particular_a law_n or_o custom_n if_o any_o be_v in_o the_o case_n do_v prevail_v and_o have_v the_o praeeminence_n always_o sure_o then_o the_o municipal_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n be_v much_o more_o secure_a from_o be_v invade_v and_o encroach_v upon_o when_o not_o only_o the_o law_n be_v distinct_a but_o there_o be_v a_o distinct_a profession_n thereof_o also_o from_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o bear_v a_o watchful_a eye_n towards_o its_o own_o greatness_n and_o which_o be_v more_o that_o have_v a_o control_a power_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o other_o beside_o the_o very_a principle_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v run_v clean_o counter_a to_o any_o such_o design_n it_o be_v a_o express_a maxim_n in_o that_o law_n that_o the_o municipal_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o any_o state_n for_o what_o concern_v those_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o it_o aught_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o more_o universal_a law_n that_o be_v to_o the_o contrary_n lex_fw-la municipalis_fw-la sive_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la juri_fw-la communi_fw-la derogat_fw-la 2._o derogat_fw-la gail_n ob_n lib._n 2._o ob_n 124._o nu_fw-la 2._o lex_fw-la cujusque_fw-la loci_fw-la inspicienda_fw-la est_fw-la sive_fw-la scripta_fw-la sit_fw-la sive_fw-la non_fw-la trinit_fw-la non_fw-la gl._n in_o l._n 5._o parag_n 1._o dig._n de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr immunit_fw-la verb._n legem_fw-la tam_fw-la in_o decidendis_fw-la litigantium_fw-la controversiis_fw-la be_v qui_fw-la jurisdictioni_fw-la praeest_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la loci_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la contractum_fw-la est_fw-la observare_fw-la debet_fw-la quà m_fw-la in_o delictorum_fw-la punitione_n ejus_fw-la loci_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la peccatum_fw-la est_fw-la sequi_fw-la tenetur_fw-la l._n si_fw-la sundus_fw-la dig._n the_o evict_a doct._n in_o l._n cunctos_fw-la co._n de_fw-fr sum_n trinit_fw-la and_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o often_o so_o i_o must_v inculcate_v it_o here_o still_o the_o civil_a law_n where_o ever_o it_o be_v admit_v it_o come_v without_o the_o least_o prejudice_n to_o any_o either_o law_n custom_n or_o government_n nor_o alter_v any_o
and_o commonwealth_n among_o so_o many_o thousand_o of_o different_a person_n and_o of_o different_a humour_n there_o be_v many_o so_o exorbitant_a and_o turbulent_a that_o no_o wit_n nor_o power_n of_o man_n can_v be_v able_a fair_o to_o tame_v or_o temper_v they_o the_o law_n therefore_o must_v be_v fit_v to_o all_o such_o public_a accident_n provide_v sharp_a remedy_n for_o disease_n that_o be_v acute_a and_o desperate_a neither_o must_v they_o tender_v the_o private_a right_n or_o safety_n of_o a_o few_o if_o their_o detriment_n or_o mischief_n may_v secure_v the_o whole_a in_o these_o case_n legum_n convenientiam_fw-la &_o aptitudinem_fw-la semper_fw-la expetimus_fw-la non_fw-la semper_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la the_o extremity_n of_o a_o nation_n must_v be_v provide_v for_o by_o fit_v and_o convenient_a mean_n though_o the_o exactness_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n seem_v to_o be_v infringe_v for_o herein_o the_o common_a wealth_n be_v like_a unto_o a_o ship_n in_o a_o storm_n at_o sea_n where_o the_o master_n may_v cast_v over_o board_n what_o private_a man_n good_n he_o will_v to_o lighten_v the_o ship_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o whole_a so_o where_o a_o enemy_n with_o a_o hostile_a intent_n be_v come_v against_o a_o great_a city_n the_o city_n may_v demolish_v or_o set_v on_o fire_n the_o suburb_n rather_o than_o permit_v the_o enemy_n to_o harbour_v there_o thereby_o to_o annoy_v and_o endanger_v the_o whole_a city_n the_o like_a must_v the_o establishment_n of_o law_n be_v that_o be_v direct_v to_o a_o public_a end_n they_o must_v aim_v to_o procure_v the_o common_a welfare_n without_o any_o respect_n to_o private_a right_n or_o imaginary_a reason_n but_o in_o such_o law_n as_o be_v purposely_o make_v to_o defend_v every_o man_n private_a interest_n and_o to_o pacify_v contention_n and_o quarrel_n arise_v thereupon_o and_o where_o the_o public_a be_v not_o concern_v it_o not_o only_o may_v but_o aught_o to_o be_v otherwise_o they_o must_v hold_v forth_o nature_n equity_n reason_n and_o a_o sound_a judgement_n so_o as_o to_o command_v every_o judicious_a man_n assent_n and_o approbation_n and_o even_o they_o that_o be_v cast_v may_v not_o complain_v murmur_n or_o dispute_v the_o same_o and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n have_v wesenbeck_n in_o his_o paratitle_v upon_o the_o digest_v 14._o digest_v tit._n the_o just_a &_o jur._n nu_fw-la 14._o difference_v these_o two_o sort_n of_o law_n jus_fw-la privatum_fw-la say_v he_o quiae_fw-la in_o reddendo_fw-la cuique_fw-la quod_fw-la suum_fw-la est_fw-la versatur_fw-la eo_fw-la ad_fw-la normam_fw-la aequalitatis_fw-la &_o justitiae_fw-la congruat_fw-la oportet_fw-la sed_fw-la jus_o publicum_fw-la non_fw-la totum_fw-la ad_fw-la normam_fw-la aequitatis_fw-la vel_fw-la aequalitatis_fw-la ut_fw-la jura_fw-la privatorum_fw-la sed_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la reip_v est_fw-la opportunum_fw-la praecipue_fw-la aptatur_fw-la the_o law_n that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o use_n of_o each_o subject_n against_o another_o because_o the_o office_n of_o it_o be_v to_o give_v to_o every_o one_o his_o own_o it_o must_v measure_v it_o out_o by_o the_o precise_a rule_n of_o equality_n and_o justice_n but_o the_o law_n that_o be_v make_v to_o order_v the_o general_a welfare_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o any_o such_o rule_n of_o equity_n but_o be_v such_o as_o the_o advantage_n and_o exigency_n of_o state_n require_v in_o all_o private_a affair_n therefore_o that_o happen_v between_o party_n and_o party_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o mixture_n of_o state-interest_n at_o all_o and_o which_o come_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o a_o law_n we_o require_v that_o the_o rule_n by_o which_o such_o controversy_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v decide_v have_v not_o in_o circumstance_n for_o they_o may_v be_v arbitrary_a and_o according_a to_o mere_a will_n but_o in_o substance_n so_o sure_a a_o ground_n in_o reason_n and_o common_a equity_n for_o the_o most_o part_n as_o either_o to_o be_v consonant_n to_o the_o dictate_v of_o nature_n or_o obvious_a to_o vulgar_a understanding_n or_o at_o least_o discernible_a by_o the_o wise_a and_o most_o judicious_a of_o man_n acquaint_v with_o the_o principle_n of_o law_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n neither_o be_v it_o the_o bare_a reason_n of_o the_o wise_a if_o it_o be_v such_o as_o be_v float_v in_o the_o brain_n only_o that_o will_v here_o suffice_v but_o it_o must_v be_v commit_v to_o writing_n and_o have_v such_o a_o authority_n to_o own_o it_o as_o be_v authentical_a and_o currant_n among_o the_o great_a and_o best_a discipline_v nation_n also_o which_o kind_n of_o reason_n thus_o authorize_v especial_o in_o any_o ample_a measure_n be_v to_o be_v look_v for_o and_o find_v only_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n 1._o law_n ratio_fw-la naturalis_fw-la secundum_fw-la hominum_fw-la capio_fw-la quandoque_fw-la variat_fw-la &_o multi_fw-la non_fw-la tam_fw-la ratione_fw-la ill_a quà m_fw-la phantasia_fw-la aguntur_fw-la leges_fw-la autem_fw-la latae_fw-la à _fw-la sapientissimis_fw-la viris_fw-la &_o judicie_fw-la omnis_fw-la scculi_fw-la approbatae_fw-la certè_fw-la cam_fw-la rationem_fw-la tenens_fw-la alb._n gentil_n de_fw-fr ju_fw-fr bell_n lib._n 1._o c._n 1._o chap._n v._n that_o the_o custom_n of_o a_o nation_n ought_v in_o like_a manner_n to_o agree_v with_o reason_n and_o here_o i_o be_o not_o unmindful_a that_o beside_o write_v law_n and_o constitution_n there_o be_v belong_v to_o every_o nation_n custom_n and_o usage_n unwritten_a which_o have_v as_o great_a a_o overrule_a power_n upon_o the_o person_n and_o right_n of_o the_o people_n after_o they_o have_v be_v general_o allow_v and_o that_o their_o observation_n have_v be_v constant_a and_o uninterrupted_n for_o a_o long_a time_n together_o and_o therefore_o say_v modestinus_n b_o modestinus_n l._n 40_o dig._n de_fw-fr leg._n b_o omne_fw-la jus_o aut_fw-la consensus_fw-la fecit_fw-la aut_fw-la necessitas_fw-la constituit_fw-la aut_fw-la firmavit_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la all_o law_n proceed_v either_o from_o consent_n necessity_n or_o custom_n neither_o be_v it_o rare_a but_o common_a to_o find_v in_o every_o nation_n such_o usage_n as_o do_v intermix_v themselves_o with_o the_o act_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o people_n and_o yet_o they_o have_v by_o long_a continuance_n so_o wear_v out_o their_o original_a that_o no_o rational_a account_n can_v be_v give_v of_o they_o nor_o no_o ground_n in_o reason_n render_v by_o those_o that_o use_v they_o and_o yet_o they_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o sacrifice_v their_o most_o precious_a enjoyment_n to_o preserve_v they_o nor_o will_v admit_v of_o a_o change_n of_o they_o upon_o any_o pretence_n of_o great_a advantage_n whatsoever_o the_o reason_n hereof_o lie_v in_o the_o affection_n which_o the_o people_n be_v apt_a to_o bear_v towards_o that_o of_o which_o themselves_o be_v the_o author_n custom_n be_v first_o bring_v in_o and_o consent_v to_o by_o they_o but_o law_n be_v impose_v on_o they_o by_o their_o prince_n whether_o they_o will_v or_o no._n consuetudines_fw-la say_v 1._o say_v rer._n judic_n l._n 3._o s._n 1._o anaeus_fw-la robertus_fw-la subditis_fw-la neque_fw-la grave_n sunt_fw-la neque_fw-la odiosae_fw-la sed_fw-la leges_fw-la istae_fw-la municipibus_fw-la videri_fw-la solent_fw-la supra_fw-la caetoras_fw-la omnes_fw-la acceptissimae_fw-la cùm_fw-la toler_n abilius_fw-la sit_fw-la consuetudinis_fw-la vinculo_fw-la quà m_fw-la legum_fw-la necessitate_v astringi_fw-la quà m_fw-la dulce_fw-la quà m_fw-la gratum_fw-la est_fw-la volun_fw-la ariae_fw-la subjicii_fw-la necessitati_fw-la &_o illo_fw-la juris_fw-la vinculo_fw-la astringi_fw-la cujus_fw-la cùm_fw-la authores_fw-la simus_fw-la puderet_fw-la iniquitatem_fw-la aut_fw-la severitatem_fw-la accusare_fw-la at_o regius_fw-la edicta_fw-la non_fw-la ratio_fw-la sed_fw-la sola_fw-la dominantis_fw-la voluntas_fw-la ju_v sit_v a_o injusta_fw-la sancit_fw-la &_o moderatur_fw-la custom_n be_v neither_o burdensome_a nor_o unpleasing_a to_o the_o people_n but_o above_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o law_n seem_v most_o acceptable_a since_o it_o be_v more_o tolerable_a to_o be_v tie_v to_o custom_n than_o to_o a_o impose_v law_n how_o sweet_a and_o please_a be_v it_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o necessity_n of_o one_o own_o make_n and_o to_o be_v bind_v by_o such_o a_o law_n which_o when_o we_o have_v make_v ourselves_o we_o can_v for_o shame_n complain_v that_o it_o be_v either_o unjust_a or_o rigorous_a but_o the_o edict_n of_o prince_n flow_v not_o from_o reason_n but_o from_o mere_a will_n without_o respect_n either_o to_o right_n or_o wrong_n beside_o though_o the_o reason_n of_o some_o custom_n be_v not_o now_o discern_v yet_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v but_o when_o they_o be_v first_o admit_v by_o the_o people_n they_o tend_v to_o their_o common_a good_a for_o quoties_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la populi_fw-la agitur_fw-la apud_fw-la populum_fw-la cvi_fw-la mutare_fw-la cvi_fw-la abrogare_fw-la cvi_fw-la far_o quas_fw-la velit_fw-la leges_fw-la accipere_fw-la quas_fw-la velit_fw-la rogationes_fw-la liceat_fw-la nunquam_fw-la se_fw-la ipse_fw-la diminuet_fw-la they_o will_v never_o prejudice_v their_o own_o right_n by_o any_o custom_n or_o law_n which_o
live_v for_o as_o a_o civil_a law_n be_v the_o act_n of_o a_o whole_a body_n politic_a do_v therefore_o over-rule_v each_o several_a part_n of_o the_o same_o body_n so_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n that_o any_o one_o commonwealth_n of_o itself_o shall_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o another_o annihilate_v that_o whereupon_o the_o whole_a world_n have_v agree_v for_o which_o cause_n the_o lacedaemonian_n forbid_v all_o access_n of_o stranger_n into_o their_o coast_n be_v in_o that_o respect_n both_o by_o appion_n by_o lib_fw-la 2._o cont._n appion_n josephus_n and_o affect_v and_o lib._n 9_o the_o sanand_n graec._n affect_v theodoret_n deserve_o blame_v as_o be_v enemy_n to_o that_o hospitality_n which_o for_o common_a humanity_n sake_n all_o the_o nation_n on_o earth_n shall_v embrace_v and_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n be_v of_o singular_a use_n to_o teach_v and_o instruct_v in_o this_o law_n too_o grotius_n the_o ornament_n of_o his_o age_n and_o nation_n for_o learning_n and_o wisdom_n undertake_v in_o his_o most_o singular_a book_n de_fw-fr juri_fw-la belli_fw-la &_o pacis_fw-la to_o set_v down_o the_o several_a head_n of_o that_o law_n which_o serve_v to_o direct_v those_o great_a transaction_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n between_o nation_n and_o nation_n and_o to_o reconcile_v their_o difference_n profess_v to_o have_v borrow_v towards_o the_o perfect_a of_o that_o admirable_a work_n much_o from_o the_o book_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n because_o say_v he_o prolegom_n he_o in_o prolegom_n rationes_fw-la saepe_fw-la optimas_fw-la suppeditant_fw-la ad_fw-la demonstrandum_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la juris_fw-la est_fw-la naturae_fw-la &_o eidem_fw-la juri_fw-la neque_fw-la minus_fw-la gentium_fw-la juri_fw-la testimonium_fw-la saepe_fw-la praebent_fw-la they_o often_o make_v very_o clear_a discovery_n of_o what_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o do_v give_v frequent_a instance_n both_o of_o that_o and_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n also_o and_o indeed_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v no_o more_o than_o that_o natural_a reason_n which_o nation_n do_v owe_v and_o be_v bind_v to_o render_v each_o to_o other_o whilst_o they_o correspond_v and_o act_v together_o be_v it_o in_o peace_n or_o war_n and_o but_o the_o very_a same_o which_o private_a man_n ought_v to_o practise_v among_o themselves_o in_o their_o private_a deal_n which_o move_v mt._n hobbs_n 4._o hobbs_n lib._n the_o civ_o cap._n 14._o art_n 4._o when_o for_o illustration_n sake_n he_o divide_v the_o natural_a law_n in_o naturalem_fw-la hominum_fw-la &_o naturalem_fw-la civitatum_fw-la into_o that_o of_o private_a man_n and_o that_o of_o nation_n to_o add_v that_o praeoepta_fw-la utriusque_fw-la eadem_fw-la sunt_fw-la sed_fw-la quia_fw-la civitates_fw-la semel_fw-la institutae_fw-la induunt_fw-la proprietates_fw-la hominum_fw-la personales_fw-la â—_o personales_fw-la l_o 76._o dig._n de_fw-fr judic_n l._n 56._o dig_v de_fw-fr usufrust_n popule_fw-la respectu_fw-la tetius_fw-la generis_fw-la humant_fw-la privatorum_fw-la locum_fw-la obtinent_fw-la gâ—ot_n mare_fw-la lib._n c._n â—_o lex_fw-la quam_fw-la loquentes_fw-la de_fw-la hominum_fw-la singulorum_fw-la officio_fw-la naturalem_fw-la dieimus_fw-la applicata_fw-la totis_fw-la civitalibus_fw-la nationibus_fw-la five_o gentibus_fw-la voco_fw-la jus_o gentium_fw-la the_o precept_n of_o both_o be_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o but_o say_v he_o because_o several_a commonwealth_n once_o settle_v be_v but_o as_o so_o many_o private_a man_n the_o same_o law_n which_o in_o reference_n to_o single_a man_n we_o term_v natural_a be_v apply_v to_o whole_a state_n nation_n and_o people_n be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n their_o duty_n be_v indeed_o both_o alike_o for_o what_o one_o man_n ought_v to_o render_v to_o another_o the_o same_o aught_o one_o nation_n to_o render_v to_o another_o also_o so_o that_o although_o what_o ever_o we_o read_v of_o in_o the_o text_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v not_o intend_v by_o the_o roman_a legislator_n to_o reach_v or_o direct_v beyong_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n neither_o can_v they_o prescribe_v any_o law_n to_o other_o nation_n which_o be_v in_o no_o subjection_n to_o they_o and_o even_o those_o law_n that_o do_v treat_v of_o military_a matter_n prisoner_n of_o war_n embassy_n and_o such_o like_a do_v but_o direct_v what_o order_n &_o discipline_n shall_v be_v keep_v among_o their_o own_o soldier_n and_o how_o if_o any_o of_o they_o be_v take_v by_o the_o enemy_n they_o forfeit_v the_o right_n of_o citizen_n for_o the_o time_n of_o their_o captivity_n but_o shall_v upon_o return_n be_v restore_v and_o how_o free_a from_o be_v sue_v or_o molest_v ambassador_n that_o come_v from_o their_o own_o province_n not_o from_o foreign_a state_n to_o rome_n shall_v be_v and_o so_o all_o those_o constitution_n and_o such_o like_a have_v still_o look_v homeward_o and_o no_o further_o as_o 1._o as_o lib_fw-la 1._o de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr bill_n cap._n 1._o albericus_fw-la gentilis_fw-la have_v true_o observe_v yet_o since_o there_o be_v such_o a_o strong_a stream_n of_o natural_a reason_n continual_o flow_v in_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o affair_n or_o business_n know_v to_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n now_o which_o the_o roman_a empire_n deal_v not_o in_o before_o and_o their_o justice_n still_o provide_v 6._o provide_v a_o romans_n ad_fw-la omnes_fw-la populos_fw-la juris_fw-la faecialis_fw-la totiusque_fw-la justitiae_fw-la fontes_fw-la purissimi_fw-la manarunt_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n lib._n 5._o cap_n 6._o for_o what_o shall_v hinder_v but_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o affair_n be_v the_o same_o the_o same_o general_a rule_n of_o justice_n and_o dictate_v of_o reason_n may_v be_v as_o fit_o accommodate_v to_o foreigner_n deal_v with_o one_o another_o as_o it_o be_v clear_a they_o have_v be_v by_o the_o civilian_n of_o all_o age_n as_o to_o those_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o nation_n when_o one_o common_a reason_n be_v a_o guide_n and_o a_o light_n to_o they_o both_o for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o person_n but_o the_o case_n and_o the_o reason_n therein_o that_o be_v considerable_a altogether_o how_o come_v the_o old_a law_n give_v to_o the_o jew_n to_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n obligatory_a to_o the_o christian_n come_v so_o long_o after_o and_o to_o be_v of_o force_n still_o and_o will_v be_v as_o long_o as_o the_o world_n endure_v but_o because_o beside_o the_o ceremonial_a and_o judicial_a part_n thereof_o which_o be_v observable_a by_o the_o jew_n only_o and_o be_v now_o abrogate_a in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o have_v but_o a_o temporary_a cause_n of_o god_n ordain_v it_o there_o be_v also_o a_o natural_a and_o a_o moral_a part_n incorporate_v in_o it_o which_o all_o nation_n and_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o fulfil_v and_o keep_v and_o can_v never_o cease_v haec_fw-la pars_fw-la legis_fw-la vivit_fw-la say_v 22._o say_v de_fw-fr legib_n lib_n 9_o cap._n 11._o nu_fw-la 22._o suarez_n non_fw-la tamen_fw-la quia_fw-la legis_fw-la moysis_n pars_fw-la sed_fw-la quia_fw-la naturae_fw-la lex_fw-la est_fw-la &_o novae_fw-la legis_fw-la pars_fw-la vivetque_fw-la in_o sempiternum_fw-la this_o part_n of_o the_o law_n remain_v in_o force_n but_o not_o because_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o moses_n his_o law_n but_o because_o it_o be_v give_v first_o by_o nature_n and_o the_o new_a law_n have_v since_o confirm_v it_o and_o the_o authority_n thereof_o shall_v remain_v for_o ever_o so_o and_o in_o like_a manner_n there_o be_v in_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n a_o circumstantial_a and_o a_o positive_a part_n which_o be_v a_o law_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o by_o they_o to_o be_v obey_v but_o neither_o of_o force_n or_o use_v to_o other_o be_v make_v for_o that_o people_n climate_n and_o government_n only_o but_o there_o be_v in_o it_o too_o a_o law_n whereunto_o by_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n man_n find_v themselves_o bind_v in_o that_o they_o be_v man_n a_o law_n by_o composition_n for_o multitude_n and_o politic_a society_n of_o man_n to_o be_v guide_v by_o a_o law_n that_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o communion_n and_o fellowship_n of_o all_o mankind_n or_o divers_a nation_n link_v in_o amity_n and_o friendship_n together_o and_o this_o part_n of_o the_o law_n be_v natural_a perpetual_a belong_v not_o to_o the_o roman_n only_o but_o to_o all_o nation_n and_o man_n neither_o can_v it_o have_v any_o cause_n of_o change_n when_o that_o which_o give_v it_o its_o first_o institution_n remain_v for_o ever_o one_o and_o the_o same_o yet_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v roman_n it_o be_v of_o no_o validity_n but_o as_o it_o be_v natural_a only_a for_o as_o it_o be_v roman_a it_o extend_v not_o beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n nor_o do_v it_o take_v care_n for_o any_o other_o people_n or_o nation_n but_o the_o roman_a only_o nor_o can_v the_o command_a power_n thereof_o endure_v long_o than_o the_o empire_n itself_o last_v but_o when_o it_o treat_v and_o discuss_n such_o matter_n as_o be_v
common_a to_o all_o mankind_n and_o not_o only_o the_o roman_a nation_n do_v but_o all_o nation_n and_o people_n do_v still_o deal_v in_o as_o of_o contract_n of_o all_o kind_n both_o at_o land_n and_o at_o sea_n disposition_n testamentary_a succssion_n in_o deceased_n estate_n where_o no_o will_n be_v make_v good_a office_n do_v at_o another_o charge_n or_o detriment_n of_o the_o relation_n between_o father_n and_o son_n husband_n and_o wife_n master_n and_o servant_n governor_n and_o govern_v magistrate_n supreme_a and_o subordinate_a of_o matter_n of_o property_n and_o possession_n injury_n do_v to_o the_o person_n or_o scandal_n to_o the_o credit_n or_o damage_n do_v to_o the_o good_n of_o man_n of_o servitude_n due_a from_o house_n or_o land_n to_o other_o house_n land_n or_o person_n crime_n and_o offence_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o the_o punishment_n great_a or_o lesser_a that_o attend_v they_o explanation_n of_o law_n or_o statute_n or_o of_o any_o obscure_a clause_n in_o any_o contract_n speech_n or_o write_v whatsoever_o of_o custom_n and_o other_o public_a duty_n payable_a to_o the_o exchequer_n authority_n power_n or_o commission_n grant_v to_o other_o deed_n of_o free_a gift_n write_n obligatory_a instrument_n patent_n charter_n privilege_n in_o write_v or_o by_o prescription_n custom_n and_o prescription_n to_o take_v away_o or_o diminish_v the_o right_n and_o property_n of_o other_o of_o reparation_n upon_o fraud_n nonage_n absence_n or_o other_o impediment_n unavoidable_a and_o necessary_a nuisance_n do_v in_o public_a place_n or_o highway_n or_o from_o one_o house_n to_o another_o obstruction_n in_o river_n or_o watercourse_n mortgage_n in_o law_n as_o well_o as_o fact_n of_o good_n lose_v in_o ship_n tavern_n inn_n or_o deliver_v to_o carrier_n to_o convey_v to_o other_o place_n or_o leave_v with_o other_o man_n to_o keep_v service_n due_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n patrimonial_a personal_a and_o mix_v soldier_n and_o the_o exemption_n and_o discipline_n belong_v to_o they_o of_o judicial_a trial_n in_o all_o these_o case_n and_o many_o more_o where_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o judge_n his_o kind_n of_o jurisdiction_n the_o manner_n of_o trial_n the_o officer_n assist_v the_o kind_n of_o evidence_n the_o judgement_n the_o execution_n thereof_o or_o remedy_n by_o way_n of_o appeal_v come_v to_o be_v consider_v i_o say_v when_o the_o consideration_n of_o these_o several_a matter_n be_v as_o incident_a to_o all_o other_o nation_n and_o time_n that_o live_v under_o order_n and_o government_n as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o roman_a and_o that_o there_o be_v deliver_v and_o lay_v down_o in_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n such_o rule_n and_o dictate_v as_o be_v most_o natural_a essential_a and_o necessary_a to_o be_v observe_v in_o each_o of_o they_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o the_o use_n of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n in_o these_o particular_n as_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o can_v neither_o be_v local_a nor_o temporary_a neither_o be_v limit_v to_o that_o empire_n nor_o determine_v with_o it_o but_o must_v be_v of_o use_v every_o where_n and_o for_o so_o long_a time_n as_o the_o business_n to_o which_o those_o rule_n be_v apply_v come_v to_o be_v act_v and_o deal_v in_o which_o will_v be_v as_o long_o as_o the_o world_n itself_o endure_v and_o until_o man_n leave_v to_o traffic_v and_o converse_v with_o one_o another_o now_o as_o in_o the_o matter_n before_o specify_v the_o difference_n that_o arise_v may_v be_v sometime_o between_o the_o public_a and_o some_o private_a person_n sometime_o between_o one_o private_a man_n and_o another_o within_o the_o same_o nation_n so_o it_o may_v be_v also_o between_o a_o subject_n and_o a_o stranger_n or_o between_o stranger_n only_o or_o between_o nation_n and_o nation_n and_o yet_o the_o same_o measure_n of_o justice_n will_v hold_v and_o serve_v for_o all_o for_o look_v what_o justice_n may_v be_v right_o afford_v between_o one_o man_n and_o another_o upon_o the_o general_a rule_n of_o natural_a equity_n and_o right_a reason_n the_o same_o may_v as_o warrantable_o be_v dispense_v between_o one_o nation_n and_o another_o as_o oft_o as_o any_o variance_n happen_v between_o they_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o all_o those_o writer_n that_o handle_v and_o treat_v of_o those_o controversiall_a thing_n which_o frequent_o come_v to_o be_v dispute_v between_o one_o nation_n and_o another_o as_o they_o be_v all_o civilian_n so_o though_o they_o do_v make_v use_n of_o other_o authority_n beside_o yet_o the_o strong_a and_o most_o convince_a argument_n that_o they_o bring_v to_o resolve_v they_o by_o be_v fetch_v from_o the_o general_a rule_n of_o equity_n and_o right_a reason_n set_v down_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o be_v it_o not_o for_o they_o we_o have_v no_o certainty_n to_o rest_v upon_o nor_o any_o peaceable_a determination_n can_v be_v make_v of_o such_o controversy_n but_o the_o sharp_a sword_n must_v be_v draw_v out_o to_o cut_v the_o knot_n asunder_o for_o what_o can_v history_n and_o the_o example_n draw_v from_o they_o do_v towards_o a_o composure_n errant_a qui_fw-la quod_fw-la exemplo_fw-la fit_a id_fw-la etiam_fw-la jure_fw-la fieri_fw-la putant_fw-la say_v 2_o say_v de_fw-fr ju_fw-fr &_o offic_n bellic_n lib._n 1._o ca._n 2_o ayala_n out_o of_o cicero_n it_o be_v a_o error_n in_o any_o to_o think_v that_o what_o have_v once_o be_v do_v may_v therefore_o be_v lawful_o do_v again_o the_o force_n of_o example_n be_v weak_a and_o insufficient_a sana_n ratio_fw-la exemplis_fw-la anteponitur_fw-la say_v 18._o say_v de_fw-fr ju_fw-fr bell._n lib._n 2._o ca._n 18._o albericus_fw-la gentilis_fw-la sound_v reason_n be_v far_o above_o example_n beside_o the_o integrity_n and_o truth_n of_o history_n be_v questionable_a saepe_fw-la tempori_fw-la saepe_fw-la affectibus_fw-la serviunt_fw-la and_o they_o too_o too_o often_o afford_v example_n contrary_a each_o to_o other_o and_o moreover_o by_o as_o it_o be_v a_o general_a consent_n of_o nation_n there_o be_v a_o appeal_n to_o and_o a_o rest_v in_o the_o voice_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o these_o case_n between_o nation_n and_o nation_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v irrational_a unnatural_a absurd_a partial_a injust_a immodest_a ignoble_a treacherous_a or_o unfaithful_a that_o law_n abhor_v and_o for_o that_o it_o be_v the_o most_o perfect_a image_n and_o representation_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o the_o equity_n and_o reason_n nature_n prescribe_v to_o humane_a action_n that_o be_v ever_o yet_o present_v or_o set_v forth_o to_o the_o world_n in_o a_o law_n and_o therefore_o whosoever_o will_v observe_v the_o style_n of_o the_o imperial_a law_n he_o shall_v find_v it_o least_o of_o all_o to_o run_v in_o this_o strain_n sancimus_fw-la mandamus_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la jubemus_fw-la imperamus_fw-la volumus_fw-la we_o decree_v command_n will_n enjoin_v enact_v or_o in_o the_o like_o imperious_a and_o command_a way_n but_o most_o in_o a_o gentle_a soft_a rational_a and_o a_o convince_a way_n thus_o non_fw-la est_fw-la aequum_fw-la nulla_fw-la juris_fw-la ratio_fw-la aut_fw-la aequitaetis_fw-la benignitas_fw-la patitur_fw-la bona_fw-la fides_fw-la non_fw-la patitur_fw-la divinè_n admodum_fw-la non_fw-fr est_fw-fr dubium_fw-la nimis_fw-la grave_n est_fw-la non_fw-la sine_fw-la ratione_fw-la nihil_fw-la tam_fw-la naturale_fw-la naturalem_fw-la habet_fw-la intellectum_fw-la dolo_fw-la facit_fw-la absurdum_fw-la est_fw-la contra_fw-la bonos_fw-es more_o be_v est_fw-la cùm_fw-la satis_fw-la inhumanum_fw-la est_fw-la cùm_fw-la nulla_fw-la ratio_fw-la sit_fw-la humanitatis_fw-la ac_fw-la religionis_fw-la ratio_fw-la humanitatis_fw-la intuitu_fw-la humanum_fw-la esse_fw-la probamus_fw-la ita_fw-la nobis_fw-la cordi_fw-la pudor_fw-la est_fw-la indignum_fw-la est_fw-la iniquissimum_fw-la est_fw-la cùm_fw-la ratio_fw-la naturalis_fw-la a_o plerisque_fw-la prudentum_fw-la generaliter_fw-la definitum_fw-la est_fw-la improbum_fw-la quidem_fw-la &_o criminosum_fw-la periniquum_fw-la est_fw-la aequissimum_fw-la visum_fw-la est_fw-la aequissimum_fw-la putavit_fw-la praetor_n boni_fw-la viri_fw-la arbitratu_fw-la juxta_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la boni_fw-la viri_fw-la hic_fw-la titulus_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la habet_fw-la naturalem_fw-la hoc_fw-la edictum_fw-la summam_fw-la habet_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la &_o sine_fw-la cujusquam_fw-la indignatione_fw-la justa_fw-la ut_fw-la moderatae_fw-la rationis_fw-la temperamenta_fw-la defiderant_fw-la nec_fw-la verecundiae_fw-la nec_fw-la dignitati_fw-la convenit_fw-la nemo_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la nesciat_fw-la and_o the_o like_a as_o if_o nothing_o be_v offer_v for_o a_o law_n but_o what_o be_v evident_a in_o itself_o and_o all_o man_n must_v own_v and_o present_o apprehend_v to_o be_v just_a and_o equal_a there_o be_v never_o any_o law_n more_o agreeable_a to_o the_o divine_a and_o to_o the_o rule_n of_o conscience_n and_o exact_a righteousness_n than_o that_o law_n tertullian_n in_o his_o apologetic_n against_o the_o roman_n do_v acknowledge_v eorum_fw-la leges_fw-la ad_fw-la innocentiam_fw-la pergere_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr divina_fw-la lege_fw-la ut_fw-la antiquiore_fw-la ferme_fw-fr mutuatas_fw-la that_o their_o law_n do_v walk_v in_o the_o way_n to_o innocence_n and_o
be_v almost_o the_o same_o with_o the_o divine_a law_n philip_n melancthon_n another_o divine_a and_o a_o protestant_n say_v that_o and_o more_o ad_fw-la normam_fw-la effictam_fw-la in_o mentibus_fw-la humanis_fw-la &_o decalogi_fw-la voce_fw-la declaratam_fw-la atque_fw-la illustratam_fw-la congruunt_fw-la humanae_fw-la leges_fw-la quae_fw-la citra_fw-la controversiam_fw-la post_fw-la mosaicas_fw-la caeteris_fw-la ut_fw-la antiquitate_fw-la sic_fw-la dignitate_fw-la ut_fw-la auctoritate_fw-la sic_fw-la veritatis_fw-la certitudine_fw-la ut_fw-la rationum_fw-la &_o demonstrationum_fw-la evidentia_fw-la sic_fw-la ordinis_fw-la praestantia_fw-la antecellunt_fw-la the_o roman_a law_n say_v he_o be_v make_v after_o the_o likeness_n of_o the_o decalogue_n and_o do_v not_o differ_v from_o those_o notion_n and_o principle_n of_o reason_n which_o nature_n have_v implant_v in_o all_o man_n and_o it_o be_v out_o of_o all_o question_n that_o set_v aside_o god_n law_n they_o be_v as_o more_o ancient_a so_o more_o renown_v as_o of_o high_a authority_n so_o true_a and_o clear_a in_o determination_n as_o of_o a_o more_o evident_a demonstration_n and_o reason_n so_o of_o a_o more_o excellent_a rank_n then_o other_o law_n that_o yet_o have_v be_v which_o conformity_n and_o likeness_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o the_o divine_a and_o eternal_a have_v be_v the_o only_a cause_n that_o the_o casuist_n and_o divine_n that_o have_v treat_v upon_o case_n of_o conscience_n and_o have_v labour_v to_o teach_v man_n what_o rule_n they_o must_v walk_v by_o to_o do_v justice_n and_o to_o execute_v righteousness_n in_o their_o deal_n and_o communication_n with_o one_o another_o they_o do_v every_o where_n about_o their_o book_n and_o writing_n propose_v &_o set_v down_o the_o very_a rule_n and_o maxim_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o the_o best_a lesson_n of_o morality_n &_o justice_n cite_v the_o very_a law_n themselves_o and_o the_o authority_n of_o that_o profession_n which_o be_v incongruous_a and_o vain_a for_o they_o to_o do_v be_v not_o their_o justice_n equity_n and_o soundness_n unquestionable_a and_o their_o authority_n beyond_o all_o dispute_n even_o in_o those_o thing_n for_o which_o their_o authority_n be_v bring_v by_o they_o neither_o be_v it_o they_o alone_o that_o set_v this_o high_a estimate_n upon_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n since_o the_o learned_a in_o other_o faculty_n do_v the_o same_o with_o who_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o frequent_a then_o when_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n one_o towards_o another_o in_o their_o several_a relation_n come_v to_o be_v set_v forth_o as_o between_o parent_n and_o child_n master_n and_o servant_n husband_n and_o wife_n sovereign_a and_o subject_a magistrate_n and_o private_a man_n captain_n and_o soldier_n one_o citizen_n with_o another_o or_o when_o the_o best_a rule_n and_o advantage_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v down_o for_o the_o first_o sound_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n or_o the_o keep_n of_o it_o in_o safety_n and_o splendour_n or_o when_o the_o justice_n and_o convenience_n of_o a_o law_n be_v in_o question_n or_o the_o action_n of_o man_n even_o of_o prince_n themselves_o be_v to_o be_v approve_v or_o condemn_v in_o all_o these_o case_n and_o the_o like_a nothing_o i_o say_v be_v more_o usual_a with_o writer_n of_o high_a renown_n for_o learning_n and_o wisdom_n then_o to_o fort_n fie_o their_o resolution_n and_o dictate_v one_o way_n or_o other_o with_o the_o practice_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n and_o to_o make_v the_o civil_a law_n their_o touchstone_n to_o try_v all_o thing_n by_o and_o the_o best_a and_o most_o approve_a balance_n to_o weigh_v they_o in_o judge_v the_o authority_n thereof_o to_o be_v beyond_o denial_n in_o any_o thing_n that_o it_o do_v either_o defend_v or_o disallow_v and_o for_o such_o as_o it_o be_v present_v do_v it_o pass_v currant_n with_o all_o man_n the_o civil_a law_n require_v that_o a_o act_n shall_v be_v worthy_a and_o laudable_a as_o well_o as_o lawful_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v fair_a equitable_a ingenuous_a and_o candid_a as_o well_o as_o strict_o just_a subtlety_n and_o nicety_n of_o word_n and_o those_o apices_fw-la juris_fw-la finesse_n of_o law_n and_o finespun_a web_n of_o wit_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o integrity_n and_o honest_a deal_n and_o which_o through_o a_o precise_a form_n of_o word_n and_o strict_a propriety_n of_o speech_n will_v frustrate_v what_o be_v pure_o at_o first_o intend_v it_o will_v not_o allow_v of_o or_o endure_v bonae_fw-la fidei_fw-la non_fw-la congruit_fw-la de_fw-fr apicibus_fw-la juris_fw-la disputare_fw-la say_v ulpian_n mandate_n ulpian_n l._n 29._o paragt_fw-ge 4._o dig_v mandate_n it_o suit_v not_o with_o sincerity_n to_o contend_v about_o curiosity_n sensum_fw-la non_fw-la vana_fw-la nominum_fw-la vocabula_fw-la amplecti_fw-la oportet_fw-la constipecun_fw-fr oportet_fw-la l._n 2._o co_n de_fw-fr constipecun_fw-fr the_o true_a intend_a sense_n and_o not_o the_o bare_a literal_a signification_n be_v to_o be_v pursue_v scriptum_n sequi_fw-la calumniatoris_fw-la est_fw-la boni_fw-la verò_fw-la judicis_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la scriptoris_fw-la autoritatemque_fw-la defendere_fw-la say_v gail_n caetinu_n gail_n lib_fw-la 2._o ob_n 132._o out_o of_o cicer_n pro_fw-la caetinu_n it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o caviller_n to_o keep_v close_o to_o word_n but_o of_o a_o upright_a judge_n to_o uphold_v the_o intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o he_o that_o speak_v they_o qui_fw-la pertinaciter_fw-la à _fw-la scripto_fw-la recedere_fw-la non_fw-la vult_fw-la perniciosè_fw-la errat_fw-la say_v peckius_n prine_n peckius_n give_v 88_o de_fw-fr reg_fw-la ju_fw-fr in_o 6._o in_o in_o prine_n he_o shall_v offend_v pernicious_o that_o will_v grant_v but_o what_o the_o very_a word_n will_v bear_v and_o will_v be_v get_v to_o yield_v no_o further_o and_o therefore_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o we_o have_v now_o have_v it_o be_v in_o be_v in_o the_o three_o punic_a war_n when_o the_o city_n of_o carthage_n by_o a_o crafty_a exposition_n of_o word_n be_v quite_o demolish_v by_o order_n of_o the_o roman_a senate_n after_o they_o have_v first_o give_v their_o faith_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o these_o expression_n civitatem_fw-la carthaginis_fw-la saluam_fw-la fore_fw-la jura_fw-la privilegia_fw-la immunitates_fw-la easdem_fw-la habituros_fw-la quibus_fw-la antea_fw-la semper_fw-la usi_fw-la fuissent_fw-la the_o city_n of_o carthage_n shall_v be_v save_v and_o the_o same_o right_n immunity_n and_o privilege_n shall_v be_v continue_v unto_o they_o which_o they_o always_o have_v will_v have_v condemn_v the_o whole_a senate_n for_o such_o their_o breach_n of_o faith_n and_o treachery_n though_o there_o be_v not_o the_o life_n of_o any_o person_n touch_v for_o who_o can_v doubt_v but_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n article_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o city_n do_v aim_n and_o intend_v to_o have_v the_o place_n preserve_v as_o well_o as_o the_o person_n and_o it_o be_v a_o shameful_a defence_n to_o say_v as_o the_o roman_n do_v that_o when_o the_o people_n of_o the_o city_n be_v all_o preserve_v and_o keep_v alive_a the_o true_a city_n be_v save_v which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o they_o promise_v though_o the_o wall_n and_o building_n themselves_o be_v destroy_v civitatem_fw-la maenibus_fw-la vrbis_fw-la minimè_fw-la contineri_fw-la the_o word_n city_n do_v import_v the_o man_n and_o not_o the_o structure_n or_o edifice_n thereof_o for_o although_o in_o strict_a propriety_n of_o speech_n there_o be_v that_o nice_a difference_n inter_fw-la urbam_fw-la &_o civitatem_fw-la quòd_fw-la vrbs_fw-la aedificia_fw-la civitas_n incolae_fw-la sint_fw-la yet_o legulciorum_fw-la est_fw-la syllabas_fw-la &_o apices_fw-la aucupari_fw-la non_fw-la militaris_fw-la simplicitatis_fw-la say_v albericus_fw-la gentilis_fw-la 4._o gentilis_fw-la de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr bell_n lib_n 2._o ca._n 4._o it_o be_v for_o lawyer_n to_o catch_v at_o word_n and_o not_o for_o soldier_n who_o plain_a meaning_n admit_v not_o of_o such_o nice_a distinction_n in_o fide_fw-la quid_fw-la senseris_fw-la non_fw-la quid_fw-la dixeris_fw-la cogitandum_fw-la est_fw-la ses_fw-fr grotius_n tully_n grotius_n de_fw-fr ju_fw-fr bâ—ll_n lib_n 2._o ca_fw-mi 16._o nu_fw-la 1_o out_o of_o tully_n where_o faith_n be_v give_v what_o be_v mean_v be_v to_o be_v regard_v rather_o than_o what_o be_v speak_v the_o plataean_o be_v as_o false_a and_o unworthy_a when_o after_o they_o have_v promise_v to_o send_v home_o the_o prisoner_n take_v slay_v they_o first_o and_o so_o send_v they_o home_o dead_a quasi_fw-la cadavera_fw-la essent_fw-la captivi_fw-la &_o mortuus_fw-la homo_fw-la esset_fw-la homo_fw-la ses_fw-fr albericus_fw-la gentilis_fw-la 4._o gentilis_fw-la d._n ca_fw-mi 4._o as_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v believe_v that_o the_o carcase_n be_v the_o prisoner_n themselves_o or_o a_o man_n dead_a can_v be_v think_v a_o man_n and_o as_o deceitful_a be_v the_o baeotian_o too_o who_o have_v engage_v to_o restore_v the_o city_n do_v deliver_v it_o up_o not_o stand_v but_o raze_v and_o pull_v down_o so_o be_v it_o a_o act_n most_o treacherous_a and_o false_a in_o alexander_n who_o first_o give_v a_o besiege_a town_n a_o assurance_n that_o they_o
in_o their_o gallant_a and_o heroic_a mind_n they_o bear_v do_v propose_v to_o themselves_o no_o other_o end_n but_o their_o temporal_a honour_n and_o earthly_a greatness_n not_o once_o think_v of_o do_v honour_n to_o the_o great_a god_n nor_o look_v towards_o any_o heavenly_a felicity_n that_o may_v follow_v after_o this_o life_n end_v have_v not_o yet_o be_v teach_v or_o hear_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o effect_n which_o have_v flow_v from_o their_o desire_n of_o glory_n and_o rule_v have_v be_v singular_a and_o admirable_a among_o which_o their_o just_a rational_a and_o honest_a law_n do_v deserve_v to_o make_v their_o memory_n still_o famous_a among_o man_n because_o so_o much_o use_n have_v be_v make_v thereof_o ever_o since_o in_o the_o govern_n of_o so_o many_o state_n empire_n and_o people_n and_o well_o do_v some_o of_o the_o ancient_a father_n of_o the_o church_n as_o also_o some_o of_o our_o late_a divine_v observe_v that_o without_o doubt_n god_n do_v therefore_o endue_v the_o roman_n with_o such_o admirable_a skill_n in_o government_n and_o law_n make_v that_o after_o nation_n may_v have_v a_o good_a example_n to_o follow_v it_o be_v st_n augustine_n judgement_n 6._o judgement_n lib._n 5._o de_fw-fr civitat_fw-la dei_fw-la ca._n 6._o that_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v that_o glorious_a increase_n not_o only_o to_o be_v a_o fit_a guerdon_n to_o the_o virtue_n of_o such_o as_o bear_v rule_v there_o but_o also_o that_o the_o citizen_n of_o heaven_n in_o their_o pilgrimage_n upon_o earth_n may_v serious_o and_o attentive_o fix_v their_o eye_n upon_o those_o example_n and_o before_o he_o tully_n as_o lnd._n vives_z have_v cite_v he_o art_n he_o lib._n the_o cause_n corrupt_v art_n be_v to_o draw_v a_o model_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o law_n to_o govern_v it_o withal_o set_v before_o his_o eye_n no_o other_o pattern_n but_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n to_o which_o in_o his_o judgement_n all_o people_n shall_v in_o prudence_n shape_n and_o conform_v themselves_o and_o that_o our_o saviour_n christ_n himself_o god_n almighty_a from_o all_o eternity_n so_o dispose_v it_o shall_v be_v bear_v under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o submit_v to_o it_o too_o may_v it_o not_o more_o then_o probable_o be_v infer_v that_o it_o be_v god_n secret_a intent_n and_o purpose_n if_o not_o to_o bring_v all_o christian_n under_o subjection_n to_o those_o very_a law_n under_o which_o their_o head_n be_v bear_v and_o live_v yet_o at_o least_o by_o that_o signal_n act_n of_o he_o to_o recommend_v that_o policy_n and_o government_n to_o their_o imitation_n which_o may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o propagate_v the_o gospel_n of_o christ_n &_o to_o send_v it_o forth_o to_o the_o whole_a world_n which_o that_o empire_n seem_v whole_o to_o command_v st_o austin_n 22._o austin_n lib._n 18._o the_o civet_n dei_fw-la ca._n 22._o make_v the_o universal_a rule_n of_o the_o roman_n a_o special_a design_n of_o god_n for_o the_o good_a of_o mankind_n per_fw-la populum_fw-la romanum_fw-la placuit_fw-la deo_fw-la terrarum_fw-la orbem_fw-la debellare_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o unam_fw-la societatem_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la legumque_fw-la perductum_fw-la longè_fw-la lateque_fw-la pacaret_fw-la it_o be_v therefore_o say_v he_o god_n pleasure_n that_o the_o roman_n shall_v conquer_v and_o command_v the_o whole_a earth_n that_o be_v bring_v under_o one_o communion_n of_o government_n and_o form_n of_o law_n it_o may_v the_o better_o enjoy_v peace_n both_o far_o and_o wide_o videtur_fw-la dominus_fw-la monarchiall_a romanorum_fw-la conservasse_n &_o propâ—gasse_n ut_fw-la simul_fw-la propagaretur_fw-la honesta_fw-la eorum_fw-la politia_fw-la &_o reprimeretur_fw-la incondita_fw-la barbary_n aliarum_fw-la gentium_fw-la say_v baldwine_n prolegom_n baldwine_n in_o his_o prolegom_n therefore_o be_v the_o roman_a empire_n by_o god_n permission_n so_o far_o extend_v that_o their_o good_a government_n may_v spread_v the_o more_o and_o the_o conversation_n of_o barbarous_a and_o wild_a nation_n be_v make_v civil_a and_o indeed_o the_o continuance_n of_o it_o in_o such_o diversity_n of_o government_n as_o king_n consul_n tribune_n dictator_n emperor_n can_v but_o show_v a_o divine_a power_n and_o a_o most_o prudent_a managery_n of_o affair_n there_o in_o all_o vicissitude_n for_o otherwise_o so_o many_o change_n may_v in_o all_o likelihood_n have_v breed_v confusion_n and_o so_o consequent_o suppress_v their_o rise_n to_o so_o great_a a_o empire_n which_o as_o the_o last_o so_o it_o may_v be_v true_o style_v the_o great_a that_o yet_o the_o world_n ever_o know_v or_o hear_v of_o thus_o therefore_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v climb_v up_o to_o such_o a_o height_n of_o sovereignty_n as_o to_o be_v a_o spectacle_n &_o a_o astonishment_n to_o all_o other_o nation_n 6._o nation_n romani_fw-la trium_fw-la pulcherr_n â—imarum_fw-la virtutum_fw-la justitiae_fw-la inquam_fw-la fortitudinâ—s_fw-la ac_fw-la prudentiae_fw-la laudibus_fw-la imperatoriisque_fw-la artibus_fw-la cumulaeti_fw-la populos_fw-la omnes_fw-la in_o svi_fw-la admirationem_fw-la converteruâ—s_fw-la bodinde_a rep_n lib._n 5._o ca._n 6._o and_o their_o government_n be_v general_o propose_v and_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o pattern_n and_o by_o some_o judgement_n design_v as_o a_o example_n by_o god_n himself_o for_o other_o state_n to_o follow_v and_o be_v direct_v by_o what_o do_v it_o witness_v less_o then_o that_o the_o law_n of_o such_o a_o nation_n and_o government_n must_v needs_o be_v singular_a and_o incomparable_a chap._n ii_o the_o fundamental_o of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n be_v fetch_v from_o other_o state_n which_o do_v then_o excel_v other_o most_o in_o policy_n and_o government_n the_o first_o ground_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v not_o of_o the_o roman_n own_o compose_n but_o be_v fetch_v from_o other_o nation_n and_o those_o the_o best_a govern_v that_o be_v in_o be_v for_o when_o they_o have_v cast_v off_o kingly_a government_n and_o put_v themselves_o into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n they_o will_v no_o long_o endure_v the_o law_n that_o their_o king_n have_v make_v partly_o because_o they_o will_v not_o suffer_v any_o memory_n of_o their_o power_n to_o remain_v and_o partly_o because_o the_o set_n up_o of_o a_o new_a government_n will_v require_v necessary_o the_o make_v also_o of_o new_a law_n which_o may_v correspond_v therewith_o therefore_o since_o a_o present_a supply_n of_o law_n be_v necessary_a arbitrary_a rule_n be_v intolerable_a and_o that_o to_o frame_v a_o body_n of_o law_n themselves_o in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v impossible_a and_o not_o by_o a_o newborn_a state_n to_o be_v effect_v they_o appoint_v three_o eminent_a man_n to_o go_v to_o athens_n and_o other_o grecian_a city_n which_o have_v be_v famous_a for_o rule_n and_o administration_n of_o justice_n above_o other_o to_o fetch_v from_o thence_o the_o choice_a law_n they_o can_v find_v at_o the_o return_n of_o those_o three_o man_n the_o consul_n that_o have_v bear_v the_o sway_n be_v depose_v and_o both_o their_o authority_n and_o ensign_n give_v unto_o ten_o man_n new_o elect_v for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o state_n and_o be_v thence_o call_v decemviri_fw-la who_o office_n it_o be_v to_o select_v the_o best_a of_o these_o law_n and_o by_o they_o precise_o to_o rule_v and_o do_v justice_n to_o all_o the_o people_n the_o law_n that_o they_o choose_v and_o best_o approve_v of_o be_v write_v at_o first_o in_o ten_o table_n of_o brass_n to_o which_o two_o table_n more_o be_v add_v afterward_o they_o be_v all_o set_v up_o together_o in_o the_o open_a marketplace_n to_o be_v see_v and_o read_v by_o the_o people_n which_o ever_o after_o be_v distinguish_v by_o the_o name_n of_o leges_fw-la 12_o tabularum_fw-la the_o law_n of_o the_o 12_o table_n to_o the_o direction_n of_o these_o law_n the_o roman_a people_n be_v subject_a and_o conform_v themselves_o for_o a_o long_a time_n and_o they_o be_v the_o only_a law_n they_o have_v of_o the_o which_o tully_n orat._n tully_n lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr orat._n give_v this_o high_a testimony_n that_o this_o one_o book_n of_o these_o law_n both_o for_o usefulness_n and_o wisdom_n do_v transcend_v all_o the_o book_n that_o all_o the_o philosopher_n of_o the_o world_n have_v write_v and_o although_o their_o engravement_n in_o brass_n can_v not_o preserve_v they_o from_o the_o injury_n of_o time_n nor_o rescue_v they_o from_o that_o universal_a change_n that_o alter_v all_o thing_n in_o the_o roman_a empire_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o some_o relic_n only_o of_o they_o be_v now_o extant_a to_o the_o lamentation_n of_o all_o the_o learned_a yet_o the_o historian_n without_o any_o disagree_a tell_v we_o that_o the_o rise_v and_o beginning_n of_o all_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o we_o have_v in_o the_o book_n of_o justinian_n come_v from_o those_o law_n thus_o livy_n tacitus_n sigonius_n and_o rosinus_n and_o no_o less_o be_v deliver_v
justinian_o frame_n and_o collection_n be_v find_v at_o ravenna_n about_o the_o same_o time_n these_o book_n be_v no_o soon_o pull_v as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o dust_n but_o by_o the_o same_o emperor_n command_n they_o be_v every_o where_o divulge_v teach_v in_o school_n and_o university_n up_o and_o down_o the_o empire_n the_o barbarous_a law_n as_o it_o be_v silence_v and_o these_o in_o practice_n make_v the_o rule_n for_o all_o tribunal_n and_o indeed_o the_o fame_n and_o reputation_n of_o they_o so_o spread_v all_o kind_n of_o learning_n revive_v with_o it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o in_o a_o little_a space_n of_o time_n it_o get_v foot_v also_o with_o the_o other_o science_n in_o france_n spain_n and_o italy_n and_o in_o all_o the_o western_a part_n of_o europe_n where_o it_o have_v be_v in_o great_a use_n and_o high_a account_n as_o well_o in_o study_n as_o in_o judicatories_n ever_o since_o to_o this_o very_a age_n of_o we_o nay_o the_o civil_a law_n after_o it_o be_v once_o restore_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o have_v long_o lie_v hide_v and_o conceal_v draw_v the_o heart_n and_o study_n of_o man_n after_o it_o in_o such_o wonderful_a manner_n and_o grow_v to_o that_o mighty_a eminence_n and_o power_n that_o the_o most_o be_v intent_n upon_o the_o study_n of_o it_o and_o but_o few_o in_o comparison_n look_v after_o any_o other_o learning_n giraldus_n of_o oxford_n charge_v it_o as_o a_o fault_n upon_o the_o student_n of_o his_o time_n and_o tell_v that_o one_o martin_n a_o clergyman_n do_v sharp_o reprove_v the_o university_n of_o oxford_n at_o a_o public_a congregation_n for_o devote_v themselves_o whole_o to_o that_o study_n neglect_v all_o other_o learning_n say_v quòd_fw-la leges_fw-la imperiales_fw-la reliqua_fw-la scientias_fw-la omnes_fw-la suffecaverant_a the_o imperial_a law_n have_v swallow_v up_o all_o the_o other_o science_n also_o daniel_n morlaes_n in_o the_o same_o century_n be_v in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n write_v that_o the_o law_n be_v so_o much_o study_v in_o oxford_n quòd_fw-la pro_fw-la titio_fw-la &_o seio_fw-la aristoteles_n &_o plato_n penitus_fw-la oblivioni_fw-la traderentur_fw-la that_o titius_n and_o seius_n be_v mind_v altogether_o and_o aristotle_n and_o plato_n be_v quite_o forget_v and_o roger_n bacon_n that_o have_v make_v himself_o eminent_a in_o all_o the_o science_n do_v upbraid_v the_o bishop_n of_o the_o same_o age_n for_o mind_v divinity_n so_o little_a add_v quòd_fw-la cavillationes_fw-la juris_fw-la defaedarent_fw-la philophiam_fw-la the_o sophistry_n of_o the_o law_n will_v corrupt_v the_o true_a philosophy_n stephen_n langton_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n take_v up_o the_o same_o complaint_n in_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n against_o the_o monk_n of_o his_o time_n qui_fw-la relicto_fw-la agro_fw-la very_fw-la booz_n nempe_fw-la sacra_fw-la scriptura_fw-la ad_fw-la alium_fw-la agrum_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la scientiam_fw-la secularem_fw-la pro_fw-la cupiditate_fw-la terrena_fw-la transirent_fw-la who_o through_o greediness_n of_o filthy_a lucre_n which_o be_v then_o to_o be_v get_v chief_a from_o the_o law_n do_v forsake_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o scripture_n and_o hunt_v after_o secular_a knowledge_n the_o like_a lamentation_n be_v make_v by_o robert_n holcot_n of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o praedicant_o in_o northamptonshire_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n leges_fw-la &_o canon_n say_v he_o istis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la innumerabiliter_fw-la sunt_fw-la foecundae_fw-la concipiunt_fw-la divitias_fw-la &_o pariunt_fw-la dignitates_fw-la ad_fw-la illas_fw-la confluunt_fw-la quasi_fw-la tota_fw-la multitudo_fw-la scholarum_fw-la his_fw-la diebus_fw-la the_o law_n and_o canon_n be_v immeasurable_o profitable_a in_o these_o time_n riches_n and_o honour_n spring_v from_o thence_o almost_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o scholar_n resort_v thither_o for_o indeed_o the_o great_a professor_n in_o theology_n that_o be_v do_v so_o little_a content_n themselves_o with_o that_o one_o way_n of_o advancement_n that_o they_o do_v frequent_o assume_v degree_n in_o law_n to_o fit_a and_o qualify_v they_o for_o other_o preferment_n also_o but_o sure_o it_o be_v these_o complaint_n and_o objurgation_n of_o private_a man_n can_v so_o little_o keep_v this_o luxuriant_a growth_n of_o the_o law_n from_o spread_v that_o the_o very_a edict_n and_o decree_n of_o prince_n can_v not_o bring_v it_o down_o matthew_z paris_z in_o his_o history_n upon_o the_o year_n 1254_o and_o in_o the_o addition_n pag._n 883._o edit_fw-la noviss_v make_v mention_n of_o a_o constitution_n make_v and_o publish_v by_o pope_n innocent_a the_o four_o by_o which_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o no_o professor_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v promote_v to_o any_o ecclesiastical_a dignity_n in_o france_n england_n scotland_n spain_n and_o hungary_n and_o that_o from_o thenceforward_o the_o imperial_a law_n shall_v not_o be_v read_v in_o those_o dominion_n if_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n so_o think_v fit_a pope_n honorius_n the_o three_o forbid_v the_o read_n or_o teach_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o paris_n in_o the_o year_n 1220._o privileg_n 1220._o ca_o super_fw-la specuta_fw-la ext_fw-la de_fw-fr privileg_n those_o pope_n thought_n that_o the_o restraint_n of_o the_o imperial_a law_n will_v be_v a_o ready_a mean_n to_o bring_v into_o request_n the_o canon_n law_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v but_o new_o set_v up_o upon_o design_n therefore_o to_o bring_v into_o credit_n their_o own_o ecclesiastical_a law_n rather_o than_o out_o of_o any_o dislike_n of_o the_o civil_a be_v those_o prohibitorie_a decree_n make_v however_o they_o very_o much_o fail_v of_o that_o effect_n that_o be_v intend_v they_o for_o we_o may_v have_v observe_v to_o this_o very_a time_n that_o all_o those_o christian_a state_n that_o do_v acknowledge_v the_o pope_n authority_n and_o power_n have_v so_o equal_o divide_v their_o respect_n between_o both_o those_o law_n that_o they_o have_v appoint_v to_o each_o their_o proper_a function_n design_v the_o one_o to_o be_v serviceable_a to_o civil_a matter_n the_o other_o to_o ecclesiastical_a and_o so_o by_o such_o moderation_n have_v do_v very_o equal_a right_n to_o both_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v public_o read_v at_o bononia_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o lotharius_n the_o second_o it_o be_v bring_v into_o england_n by_o theobald_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o be_v public_o read_v in_o oxford_n by_o vacarius_n it_o grow_v so_o general_a a_o study_n and_o other_o learning_n be_v so_o much_o neglect_v upon_o it_o that_o king_n stephen_n incense_v thereat_o send_v forth_o a_o peremptory_a command_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v read_v in_o england_n no_o more_o that_o vacarius_n shall_v forbear_v to_o teach_v it_o any_o further_a nor_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o any_o to_o keep_v any_o book_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n by_o they_o sed_fw-la parùm_fw-la valuit_fw-la stephani_fw-la prohibitio_fw-la nam_fw-la eo_fw-la magis_fw-la invaluit_fw-la virtus_fw-la legis_fw-la deo_fw-la favente_fw-la quò_fw-la cam_fw-la amplius_fw-la nitebatur_fw-la impietas_fw-la subvertere_fw-la say_v mr_n selden_n 6._o selden_n dissertat_fw-la ad_fw-la flet._n cap._n 7._o parag_n 6._o but_o king_n stephen_n prohibition_n do_v prevail_v but_o little_a for_o the_o power_n of_o the_o law_n god_n prosper_v the_o same_o wax_v the_o more_o vigorous_a when_o malice_n do_v most_o strive_v to_o destroy_v it_o charles_n the_o nine_o and_o henry_n the_o three_o of_o france_n do_v also_o by_o send_v forth_o their_o edict_n forbid_v the_o civil_a law_n to_o be_v teach_v in_o paris_n or_o that_o any_o degree_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o that_o faculty_n philip_n the_o fair_a and_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n ancient_o do_v strait_o charge_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v dare_v in_o any_o plead_n to_o urge_v or_o cite_v the_o roman_a law_n against_o a_o special_a law_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o spain_n it_o have_v be_v make_v no_o less_o than_o a_o capital_a crime_n to_o offer_v or_o allege_v the_o roman_a law_n as_o compulsive_a or_o bind_v and_o sure_o it_o be_v a_o high_a indignity_n to_o any_o prince_n to_o have_v any_o sorreigne_a law_n set_v up_o against_o and_o to_o beat_v down_o his_o own_o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o erection_n of_o university_n in_o france_n the_o king_n have_v always_o declare_v that_o their_o purpose_n be_v to_o have_v the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n in_o they_o public_o profess_v and_o teach_v to_o make_v use_n thereof_o at_o their_o discretion_n but_o not_o that_o the_o subject_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n bind_v thereunto_o lest_o they_o shall_v seem_v to_o derogate_v from_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n by_o advance_v the_o law_n of_o stranger_n 8._o stranger_n bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n lib._n 1._o ca._n 8._o these_o and_o such_o like_a edict_n &_o declaration_n of_o prince_n have_v be_v always_o of_o full_a force_n and_o power_n as_o most_o just_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v to_o limit_v the_o vast_a and_o universal_a power_n of_o the_o civil_a
lib._n 7._o the_o law_n that_o be_v proper_a for_o the_o roman_n suit_v not_o so_o well_o with_o other_o the_o manner_n of_o live_v be_v not_o now_o as_o it_o then_o be_v the_o state_n of_o affair_n be_v clean_o change_v climate_n differ_v and_o the_o temper_n of_o people_n differ_v too_o new_a and_o strange_a accident_n do_v frequent_o arise_v which_o will_v require_v new_a constitution_n to_o settle_v they_o the_o form_n of_o govern_v be_v divers_a in_o several_a time_n &_o place_n the_o law_n therefore_o can_v possible_o be_v the_o same_o monarchical_a law_n be_v of_o no_o use_n to_o a_o popular_a government_n and_o popular_a law_n do_v not_o fit_v a_o monarchical_a state_n severe_a edict_n will_v not_o suit_v with_o a_o mild_a and_o gentle_a people_n and_o contrariwise_o barbarous_a or_o untractable_a nature_n must_v not_o be_v deal_v withal_o by_o gentleness_n or_o clemency_n it_o may_v therefore_o be_v question_v how_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o be_v make_v so_o many_o hundred_o year_n ago_o and_o for_o one_o single_a nation_n can_v be_v accommodate_v to_o other_o nation_n come_v in_o so_o long_a a_o tract_n of_o time_n after_o they_o and_o differ_v from_o they_o in_o habit_n language_n situation_n manner_n and_o form_n of_o government_n beside_o to_o hear_v of_o the_o general_a use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v so_o odious_a and_o offensive_a a_o thing_n to_o some_o humorous_a anticivilians_n that_o although_o they_o be_v so_o learned_a that_o they_o must_v needs_o know_v it_o to_o be_v true_a and_o have_v travail_v abroad_o must_v needs_o have_v see_v it_o yet_o to_o take_v away_o all_o belief_n thereof_o from_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n lest_o they_o shall_v look_v too_o favourable_o upon_o it_o they_o do_v too_o frequent_o suggest_v in_o their_o writing_n that_o in_o france_n it_o have_v be_v forbid_v under_o a_o penalty_n to_o read_v the_o civil_a law_n to_o any_o public_a audience_n and_o those_o that_o shall_v hear_v the_o same_o read_v be_v also_o to_o undergo_v the_o same_o punishment_n and_o that_o in_o spain_n to_o cite_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o court_n have_v be_v make_v a_o offence_n no_o less_o than_o capital_a but_o they_o do_v not_o add_v withal_o which_o they_o know_v they_o may_v as_o true_o that_o these_o sharp_a edict_n last_v not_o long_o but_o grow_v out_o of_o use_n very_o long_o ago_o and_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v flourish_v no_o where_o so_o much_o as_o in_o those_o two_o great_a monarchy_n and_o so_o have_v do_v for_o a_o long_a time_n together_o and_o have_v both_o send_v forth_o man_n as_o famous_a and_o renown_a in_o that_o profession_n as_o in_o any_o other_o of_o who_o mention_n shall_v be_v make_v hereafter_o for_o both_o the_o study_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v be_v find_v of_o such_o absolute_a use_n and_o necessity_n that_o those_o state_n that_o have_v be_v bring_v upon_o some_o pretence_n of_o convenience_n to_o suppress_v it_o have_v be_v glad_a after_o some_o little_a want_n thereof_o to_o reestablish_v it_o and_o set_v it_o up_o again_o baldwine_n in_o his_o prolegomena_n take_v in_o all_o christendom_n in_o this_o particular_a religio_fw-la christiana_n say_v he_o probavit_fw-la retinuitque_fw-la politicas_fw-la romanorum_fw-la leges_fw-la quas_fw-la aequitate_fw-la summa_fw-la subnixas_fw-la &_o naturalium_fw-la notionum_fw-la honestati_fw-la proximas_fw-la esse_fw-la videbat_fw-la easque_fw-la reverita_fw-la est_fw-la tanquam_fw-la dei_fw-la dona_fw-la &_o beneficia_fw-la christian_n religion_n have_v allow_v of_o and_o keep_v the_o roman_a law_n which_o it_o see_v be_v ground_v upon_o pure_a equity_n and_o come_v near_a to_o natural_a integrity_n itself_o and_o have_v ever_o since_o reverence_v they_o as_o the_o gift_n of_o god_n and_o blessing_n bestow_v on_o man._n jus_n civil_a romanorum_fw-la say_v wesenbeck_n 9_o wesenbeck_n parat_fw-la dig._n de_fw-fr legib_fw-la nu_fw-la 9_o propter_fw-la summam_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la &_o prudentiam_fw-la jus_o quasi_fw-la gentium_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la populorum_fw-la bene_fw-la institutorum_fw-la common_a est_fw-la the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o its_o special_a equity_n and_o wisdom_n be_v come_v to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o of_o all_o well_o order_v people_n jus_fw-la romanum_fw-la tam_fw-la aequum_fw-la est_fw-la &_o rationi_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la say_v molinaeus_n 110._o molinaeus_n ad_fw-la consuetud_fw-la paris_n tit._n des_fw-mi fiefs_fw-mi nu_fw-la 110._o ut_fw-la omnium_fw-la fere_n christianarum_fw-la gentium_fw-la usu_fw-la &_o approbatione_fw-la common_a sit_fw-la effectum_fw-la the_o roman_a law_n be_v so_o equal_a and_o so_o come_v up_o to_o reason_n itself_o that_o by_o the_o usage_n and_o acceptation_n of_o almost_o all_o christian_a nation_n it_o be_v turn_v into_o a_o general_a and_o common_a law_n hoc_fw-la jus_o common_a say_v peckius_n princip_n peckius_n ca._n 28._o de_fw-fr reg._n jur_n in_o 6._o in_o princip_n quod_fw-la tantis_fw-la vigiliis_fw-la excogitatum_fw-la &_o inventum_fw-la est_fw-la adeo_fw-la bonum_fw-la &_o aequum_fw-la semper_fw-la visum_fw-la fuit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ut_fw-la hi_o quos_fw-la romani_fw-la imperii_fw-la leges_fw-la non_fw-la tenent_fw-la hoc_fw-la ipsum_fw-la jus_o tanquam_fw-la aequitati_fw-la naturali_fw-la maximè_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la libenter_fw-la sequantur_fw-la &_o ubique_fw-la probent_fw-la suasque_fw-la leges_fw-la per_fw-la hoc_fw-la interpretentur_fw-la this_o common_a law_n mean_v the_o roman_a invent_v and_o wrought_v out_o by_o so_o hard_a and_o so_o long_a labour_n have_v always_o seem_v unto_o all_o state_n so_o good_a and_o conscionable_a as_o even_o those_o nation_n who_o the_o law_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v not_o oblige_v at_o all_o do_v notwithstanding_o free_o follow_v and_o approve_v thereof_o as_o most_o agreeable_a to_o natural_a equity_n and_o do_v interpret_v their_o own_o peculiar_a law_n by_o they_o particular_o for_o france_n equinarius_n baro_n civil_a baro_n inst_z de_fw-fr ju_fw-fr nat_n gent._n &_o civil_a say_v that_o si_fw-mi more_fw-it statutore_fw-la regionis_fw-la aut_fw-la lege_fw-la regius_fw-la controversiae_fw-la dirimi_fw-la non_fw-la possint_fw-la ad_fw-la jus_o caesareum_fw-la velut_fw-la ad_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d judices_fw-la regii_fw-la caeterique_fw-la laici_fw-la confugiunt_fw-la if_o there_o be_v no_o custom_n or_o constitution_n to_o determine_v the_o controversy_n both_o judge_n and_o people_n go_v to_o the_o imperial_a law_n as_o the_o best_a that_o ever_o be_v and_o a_o little_a after_o jus_fw-la romanum_fw-la say_v he_o common_a jus_o franci_n appellant_n &_o interdum_fw-la absolutè_fw-la jus_o well_fw-mi jus_o civil_a quòd_fw-la eo_fw-la jure_fw-la communiter_fw-la omnes_fw-la regiones_fw-la utantur_fw-la ubi_fw-la pactum_fw-la mos_fw-la lex_fw-la regius_fw-la desideratur_fw-la we_o frenchman_n call_v the_o roman_a law_n the_o common_a law_n and_o sometime_o simple_o the_o law_n or_o the_o civil_a law_n because_o that_o law_n all_o nation_n do_v common_o use_v where_o agreement_n custom_n and_o particular_a law_n be_v want_v annaeus_n robertus_fw-la 1._o robertus_fw-la rer._n judic_n lib._n 2._o ca._n 1._o another_o french_a lawyer_n say_v that_o some_o province_n in_o france_n either_o by_o special_a privilege_n or_o by_o grant_n from_o their_o king_n heretofore_o make_v do_v use_v the_o roman_a law_n as_o the_o territory_n of_o tholose_a and_o that_o of_o dauphin_n and_o some_o other_o and_o these_o be_v call_v provinciae_fw-la juris_fw-la scripti_fw-la the_o province_n of_o the_o write_a law_n some_o other_o say_v he_o and_o indeed_o the_o most_o and_o best_a province_n be_v govern_v by_o unwritten_a custom_n but_o in_o the_o end_n he_o add_v for_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n thus_o civil_a romanorum_fw-la jus_o in_fw-la senatu_fw-la &_o tribunalibus_fw-la francia_fw-la citare_fw-la licet_fw-la non_fw-la quòd_fw-la romanis_n legibus_fw-la parere_fw-la necesse_fw-la habeamus_fw-la sed_fw-la ut_fw-la aequitatis_fw-la ratio_fw-la ex_fw-la tot_fw-la clarissimorum_fw-la &_o prudentissimorum_fw-la jurisconsultorum_fw-la responsis_fw-la attendi_fw-la &_o inspici_fw-la queat_fw-la the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v allege_v in_o the_o judicatories_n of_o france_n not_o that_o we_o think_v ourselves_o bind_v to_o they_o but_o that_o out_o of_o the_o resolution_n of_o so_o many_o most_o famous_a and_o most_o prudent_a lawyer_n the_o rule_n of_o equity_n may_v be_v extract_v for_o spain_n fernandus_n vasquius_fw-la 71._o vasquius_fw-la de_fw-fr success_n create_v lib._n 3._o parag_v 26._o limitat_fw-la 31._o nu_fw-la 71._o one_o of_o their_o own_o lawyer_n shall_v give_v testimony_n how_o the_o imperial_a law_n and_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n go_v hand_n in_o hand_n conjoin_v and_o link_v together_o jus_n civil_a hispanorum_fw-la say_v he_o hospitio_fw-la voluntari_fw-la recepit_fw-la jus_o civil_a romanorum_fw-la jamque_fw-la nostrum_fw-la jus_o civil_a hispanicum_n &_o jus_o civil_a romanorum_fw-la simul_fw-la pariterque_fw-la coeunt_fw-la licet_fw-la ex_fw-la vi_fw-la jurisdictionis_fw-la illud_fw-la recipere_fw-la nos_fw-la hispani_fw-la non_fw-la teneremur_fw-la the_o law_n of_o spain_n have_v give_v a_o free_a admittance_n to_o
the_o roman_a law_n and_o now_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v unite_v together_o albeit_o there_o lie_v no_o tie_n of_o command_n upon_o we_o in_o spain_n to_o enforce_v a_o submission_n to_o it_o chap._n v._n the_o general_a admittance_n and_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o ourselves_o here_o in_o england_n i_o shall_v not_o travail_v any_o further_a to_o cite_v any_o more_o foreign_a testimony_n to_o prove_v that_o this_o law_n be_v general_o receive_v and_o practise_v by_o other_o nation_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o dr_n duck_n in_o his_o book_n have_v by_o variety_n of_o proof_n so_o sufficient_o make_v it_o good_a already_o but_o yet_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o set_n down_o what_o some_o of_o our_o own_o countryman_n have_v in_o their_o writing_n acknowledge_v to_o the_o very_a same_o purpose_n and_o those_o especial_o among_o the_o rest_n who_o interest_n and_o high_a valuation_n which_o they_o pass_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n will_v not_o permit_v they_o to_o ascribe_v more_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n than_o the_o just_a truth_n will_v bear_v and_o it_o be_v most_o observable_a what_o king_n james_n himself_o the_o learnede_a of_o all_o modern_a prince_n say_v here_o in_o a_o speech_n make_v to_o no_o less_o solemn_a assembly_n than_o his_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o parliament_n 1609._o parliament_n 21._o martii_fw-la 1609._o which_o we_o have_v extant_a among_o his_o print_a work_n as_o a_o king_n say_v he_o i_o have_v least_o cause_n of_o any_o man_n to_o dislike_v the_o common-law_n for_o no_o law_n can_v be_v more_o favourable_a and_o advantageous_a for_o a_o king_n and_o extend_v further_o his_o prerogative_n than_o it_o do_v and_o for_o a_o king_n of_o england_n to_o despise_v the_o the_o common-law_n it_o be_v to_o neglect_v his_o own_o crown_n yet_o say_v he_o i_o do_v great_o esteem_v the_o civil_a law_n the_o profession_n thereof_o serve_v more_o for_o general_a learning_n and_o be_v most_o necessary_a for_o matter_n of_o treaty_n with_o all_o foreign_a nation_n and_o i_o think_v that_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v away_o it_o will_v make_v a_o entry_n to_o barbarism_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o will_v blemish_v the_o honour_n of_o england_n for_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n lex_fw-la gentium_fw-la and_o maintain_v intercourse_n with_o all_o foreign_a nation_n but_o i_o only_o allow_v it_o to_o have_v course_n here_o according_a to_o those_o limit_n of_o jurisdiction_n which_o the_o common-law_n itself_o do_v allow_v it_o and_o therefore_o though_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o the_o general_a government_n of_o the_o people_n here_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v it_o shall_v be_v extinct_a no_o more_o then_o because_o the_o latin_a tongue_n be_v not_o the_o mother_n or_o radical_a language_n of_o any_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n at_o this_o time_n that_o therefore_o the_o english_a tongue_n shall_v only_o now_o be_v learn_v in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v to_o bring_v in_o barbarism_n and_o in_o another_o speech_n in_o star-chamber_n 1616._o star-chamber_n 20_o jun._n 1616._o print_v also_o god_n forbid_v say_v he_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n intend_v thereby_o chief_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v be_v bar_v in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o that_o for_o two_o cause_n one_o because_o it_o be_v a_o law_n to_o satisfy_v stranger_n which_o will_v not_o hold_v themselves_o so_o well_o satisfy_v with_o other_o municipal_a law_n another_o to_o satisfy_v our_o own_o subject_n in_o matter_n of_o piracy_n marriage_n will_n and_o thing_n of_o like_a nature_n and_o again_o when_o he_o be_v so_o mighty_o press_v to_o have_v have_v a_o union_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n under_o the_o same_o policy_n of_o law_n as_o they_o have_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o king_n in_o a_o speech_n make_v upon_o that_o subject_n 1607._o subject_n ult._n mart._n 1607._o extant_a in_o his_o print_a work_n he_o tell_v his_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n that_o in_o point_n of_o conjunction_n of_o nation_n the_o civil_a law_n ought_v to_o bear_v a_o great_a sway_n it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n these_o be_v the_o expression_n of_o a_o king_n the_o interest_n of_o who_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n and_o the_o prerogative_n thereunto_o belong_v do_v depend_v upon_o the_o favour_n of_o another_o law_n and_o yet_o he_o positive_o and_o in_o downright_a term_n in_o the_o face_n of_o all_o his_o people_n avow_v the_o civil_a law_n to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o that_o all_o transaction_n of_o treaty_n and_o of_o trade_n with_o foreign_a nation_n be_v dispatch_v by_o the_o rule_n and_o reason_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o authority_n thereof_o be_v so_o great_a in_o the_o esteem_n of_o stranger_n that_o they_o will_v rest_v satisfy_v therewith_o when_o no_o municipal_a law_n can_v satisfy_v they_o but_o in_o that_o he_o aver_v also_o that_o when_o the_o people_n of_o england_n shall_v exterminate_v that_o law_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v when_o the_o practice_n thereof_o be_v quite_o take_v away_o or_o thrust_v into_o a_o poor_a narrow_a compass_n their_o honour_n will_v be_v obscure_v and_o they_o will_v be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v overrun_v with_o barbarism_n it_o be_v never_o so_o well_o worth_a the_o observe_n as_o at_o this_o present_a time_n and_o it_o clear_o show_v that_o wise_a and_o learned_a king_n do_v perfect_o understand_v the_o true_a use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o as_o the_o language_n thereof_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o mean_n to_o maintain_v learning_n which_o do_v civilize_v &_o soften_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n so_o there_o be_v no_o sort_n of_o learning_n with_o the_o which_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o do_v not_o correspond_v and_o participate_v but_o above_o all_o it_o do_v afford_v more_o and_o better_a rule_n for_o civil_a live_n and_o orderly_a conversation_n among_o man_n and_o for_o righteous_a deal_n each_o with_o other_o than_o any_o other_o study_n or_o learning_n whatsoever_o but_o this_o practice_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v yet_o better_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o those_o who_o study_v and_o profess_v the_o law_n of_o england_n have_v be_v always_o jealous_a of_o the_o rise_n and_o growth_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o this_o nation_n for_o though_o they_o have_v desire_v to_o keep_v it_o low_o here_o for_o what_o reason_n i_o need_v not_o mention_v yet_o some_o of_o they_o have_v free_o enough_o own_v how_o much_o it_o be_v in_o use_n and_o practice_v in_o other_o country_n sir_n francis_n bacon_n in_o his_o epistle_n dedicatory_a to_o the_o queen_n set_v before_o his_o maxim_n of_o law_n after_o he_o have_v tell_v the_o queen_n that_o justinian_n the_o emperor_n do_v glorious_o and_o yet_o apt_o call_v the_o body_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n proprium_fw-la &_o sanctissimum_fw-la templum_fw-la justitiae_fw-la consecratum_fw-la a_o true_a and_o a_o most_o sacred_a temple_n consecrate_v unto_o justice_n he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o work_n of_o great_a excellency_n indeed_o as_o may_v well_o appear_v in_o that_o france_n italy_n and_o spain_n who_o have_v long_o since_o shake_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v yet_o nevertheless_o continue_v to_o use_v the_o policy_n of_o that_o law_n my_o lord_n ellesmere_n chancellor_n of_o england_n as_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n be_v in_o his_o speech_n of_o the_o postnati_n do_v express_o deliver_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o most_o universal_a and_o general_a law_n in_o the_o world_n sir_n john_n fortescue_n himself_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o afterward_o lord_n chancellor_n in_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_n day_n in_o his_o book_n wherein_o he_o do_v so_o high_o magnify_v and_o commend_v the_o law_n england_n above_o the_o civil_a law_n yet_o he_o can_v say_v 9_o say_v de_fw-fr laud._n legum_fw-la angliae_fw-la ca._n 9_o that_o civiles_fw-la supra_fw-la humanas_fw-la cunctas_fw-la leges_fw-la alius_fw-la fama_fw-la per_fw-la orbem_fw-la extollit_fw-la gloriosa_fw-la the_o civil_a law_n throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v advance_v in_o glory_n and_o renown_n above_o all_o other_o man_n law_n fulbeck_n also_o another_o of_o the_o same_o profession_n and_o of_o great_a learning_n do_v agree_v with_o the_o former_a in_o these_o word_n reader_n word_n in_o his_o parallel_n part_n 1._o epistle_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o roman_a law_n say_v he_o in_o the_o time_n of_o arcadius_n theodosius_n and_o justinian_n recover_v their_o strength_n and_o shine_v to_o all_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o europe_n as_o the_o sun_n to_o all_o the_o climate_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v for_o their_o worthiness_n and_o necessary_a use_n and_o employment_n receive_v entertainment_n countenance_n and_o great_a reward_n of_o emperor_n king_n and_o prince_n likewise_o mr_n selden_n a_o graduate_n in_o the_o common-law_n but_o a_o
not_o opposite_a at_o all_o to_o the_o special_a law_n of_o the_o place_n but_o seem_v to_o agree_v with_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n or_o common_a reason_n and_o he_o grant_v moreover_o that_o ever_o since_o frederick_n barbarossa_n time_n which_o be_v near_o 500_o year_n ago_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v grow_v into_o a_o common_a profession_n in_o this_o western_a world_n chap._n vi_o the_o civilian_n themselves_z do_v not_o enlarge_v the_o use_n and_o practice_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n further_o than_o mr_n selden_n himself_o in_o his_o writing_n grant_v it_o to_o extend_v from_o what_o have_v be_v cite_v out_o of_o mr_n selden_n it_o do_v appear_v that_o there_o be_v as_o much_o grant_v by_o mr_n selden_n to_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o ever_o be_v challenge_v by_o any_o civilian_n or_o ever_o ascribe_v to_o it_o by_o any_o or_o that_o any_o can_v wish_v to_o be_v grant_v to_o that_o profession_n in_o any_o nation_n he_o in_o effect_n acknowledge_v that_o when_o the_o use_n thereof_o come_v to_o be_v renew_v in_o europe_n with_o other_o learning_n it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v so_o rich_a a_o treasury_n of_o reason_n judgement_n and_o true_a natural_a equity_n and_o so_o useful_a for_o all_o matter_n that_o respect_v civil_a society_n and_o government_n that_o by_o the_o knowledge_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o rule_n and_o principle_n thereof_o they_o know_v how_o to_o supply_v with_o resolution_n such_o case_n as_o their_o national_a law_n have_v not_o make_v any_o provision_n at_o all_o in_o or_o if_o they_o have_v but_o be_v dark_a or_o intricate_a this_o will_v help_v to_o explain_v and_o illustrate_v they_o which_o neither_o common_a reason_n nor_o any_o other_o humane_a learning_n will_v enable_v they_o to_o do_v the_o university_n have_v therefore_o since_o make_v it_o their_o common_a study_n and_o common_o give_v degree_n in_o it_o and_o have_v send_v forth_o the_o professor_n thereof_o into_o all_o tribunal_n to_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o right_a and_o justice_n there_o till_o now_o at_o last_o it_o be_v grow_v to_o be_v a_o common_a profession_n throughout_o europe_n and_o though_o the_o original_a authority_n which_o it_o have_v in_o the_o roman_a state_n be_v quite_o wear_v out_o no_o state_n be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o roman_a sovereignty_n yet_o mr_n selden_n do_v admit_v it_o to_o be_v entertain_v for_o a_o bind_a law_n by_o ordinance_n in_o some_o place_n that_o stamp_n that_o authority_n upon_o it_o which_o of_o itself_o it_o have_v not_o in_o other_o usual_o observe_v as_o a_o law_n by_o custom_n and_o practice_n but_o where_o it_o pass_v not_o for_o law_n neither_o way_n there_o the_o reason_n and_o wisdom_n thereof_o prevail_v and_o every_o man_n suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v convince_v thereby_o non_fw-la vi_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la sed_fw-la vi_fw-la rationis_fw-la not_o force_v the_o will_n as_o a_o law_n do_v but_o as_o by_o reason_n powerful_o work_v upon_o and_o at_o last_o control_a the_o understanding_n thus_o far_o go_v mr_n selden_n himself_o and_o by_o no_o civilian_n have_v a_o great_a latitude_n than_o this_o be_v ever_o give_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o what_o king_n james_n speak_v to_o his_o parliament_n in_o the_o year_n 1609_o touch_v this_o matter_n that_o there_o be_v no_o kingdom_n in_o the_o world_n not_o only_a scotland_n but_o not_o france_n nor_o spain_n nor_o any_o other_o kingdom_n govern_v mere_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n but_o every_o one_o of_o they_o have_v their_o own_o municipal_a law_n agreeable_a to_o their_o custom_n as_o this_o kingdom_n have_v the_o common-law_n we_o all_o unanimous_o own_o to_o be_v true_a and_o what_o he_o tell_v they_o of_o scotland_n in_o particular_a in_o the_o year_n 1607._o may_v be_v as_o well_o and_o as_o true_o speak_v of_o all_o the_o state_n in_o europe_n if_o a_o man_n say_v he_o plead_v there_o that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v otherwise_o it_o be_v a_o bar_n to_o the_o civil_a and_o a_o good_a chancellor_n or_o precedent_n will_v oftentimes_o repel_v and_o put_v to_o silence_v a_o argument_n that_o the_o lawyer_n bring_v out_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n where_o they_o have_v a_o clear_a solution_n in_o their_o own_o law_n so_o as_o say_v he_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o scotland_n be_v admit_v in_o no_o other_o case_n but_o to_o supply_v such_o case_n wherein_o the_o municipal_a law_n be_v defective_a this_o be_v general_o report_v by_o other_o never_o question_v by_o ourselves_o for_o we_o be_v of_o opinion_n there_o be_v no_o people_n in_o the_o world_n govern_v single_o by_o any_o one_o kind_a of_o law_n whatsoever_o nor_o indeed_o can_v be_v much_o less_o can_v any_o state_n be_v total_o govern_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n but_o that_o there_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o superadded_a and_o a_o peculiar_a law_n especial_o as_o to_o government_n suit_v with_o the_o climate_n it_o self_n the_o nature_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o people_n the_o fashion_n and_o form_n of_o public_a action_n divers_a accident_n of_o the_o time_n and_o sundry_a other_o occurrence_n nay_o we_o often_o see_v it_o fall_v out_o that_o some_o certain_a law_n that_o be_v special_o make_v for_o a_o people_n and_o at_o their_o first_o ordain_v be_v find_v to_o be_v most_o excellent_a and_o very_a wholesome_a law_n yet_o in_o process_n of_o time_n through_o alteration_n of_o thing_n and_o the_o very_a person_n themselves_o for_o which_o they_o be_v original_o make_v it_o be_v as_o great_a wisdom_n and_o as_o necessary_a to_o change_v they_o and_o quite_o take_v they_o away_o as_o it_o be_v at_o first_o to_o devise_v they_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n therefore_o that_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o be_v accommodate_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n only_o and_o the_o usage_n then_o in_o be_v shall_v prove_v incongruous_a to_o the_o man_n and_o to_o the_o affair_n of_o this_o present_a world_n which_o be_v of_o a_o clean_a different_a face_n and_o nature_n for_o instance_n a_o roman_a subject_n be_v not_o such_o a_o supreme_a moderator_n among_o his_o child_n nor_o such_o a_o free_a disposer_n of_o his_o own_o estate_n as_o that_o he_o can_v make_v his_o will_n thereof_o as_o he_o please_v prefer_v one_o child_n and_o exclude_v another_o or_o part_v it_o too_o unequal_o among_o they_o or_o gratify_v some_o stranger_n without_o remember_v any_o of_o they_o if_o therefore_o a_o child_n be_v quite_o leave_v out_o of_o his_o father_n will_n or_o be_v especial_o disinherit_v but_o without_o any_o cause_n mention_v or_o upon_o such_o a_o cause_n as_o the_o law_n do_v not_o allow_v of_o or_o if_o upon_o a_o legal_a cause_n yet_o not_o such_o as_o be_v true_a in_o fact_n the_o will_n be_v void_a and_o null_a posthum_fw-la null_a wesemb_v parat_fw-la dig._n de_fw-fr libre_fw-la &_o posthum_fw-la the_o just_a portion_n or_o share_n that_o every_o child_n may_v expect_v from_o his_o father_n if_o he_o make_v a_o will_n and_o which_o he_o can_v not_o give_v from_o he_o without_o lawful_a cause_n be_v if_o there_o be_v but_o four_o child_n in_o all_o or_o under_o a_o equal_a share_n in_o the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o whole_a substance_n both_o land_n and_o good_n for_o at_o civil_a law_n they_o both_o come_v under_o one_o reckon_v and_o go_v one_o and_o the_o same_o way_n without_o any_o difference_n but_o if_o there_o be_v more_o than_o four_o child_n than_o a_o full_a half_a of_o the_o whole_a estate_n be_v equal_o share_v among_o they_o all_o nos_fw-la all_o novel_a de_fw-fr trient_a &_o semiss_a parag_n haec_fw-la nos_fw-la if_o less_o be_v give_v to_o any_o child_n then_o this_o just_a proportion_n or_o if_o it_o be_v clog_v with_o any_o condition_n or_o time_n of_o payment_n whereby_o it_o can_v not_o come_v present_o and_o free_o to_o he_o the_o will_n be_v not_o absolute_o void_a testam_fw-la void_a l._n omni_fw-la modo_fw-la co._n the_o inoffic_n testam_fw-la but_o a_o complaint_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o just_a and_o equal_a share_n and_o to_o have_v it_o present_o and_o absolute_o without_o condition_n encumbrance_n or_o day_n for_o payment_n give_v testam_fw-la give_v l._n quoniam_fw-la in_o prioribus_fw-la co._n de_fw-fr inoffic_n testam_fw-la but_o in_o those_o nation_n and_o country_n where_o the_o subject_n be_v such_o free_a and_o absolute_a propietary_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n they_o have_v that_o they_o can_v dispose_v of_o the_o same_o how_o they_o will_v even_o from_o their_o own_o child_n and_o to_o they_o in_o what_o inequality_n they_o will_v these_o tender_a and_o indulgent_a dictate_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v useless_a and_o unsuitable_a those_o title_n then_o and_o constitution_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o treat_v on_o that_o subject_n dig._n &_o co._n de_fw-fr
danger_n they_o run_v through_o both_o personal_a and_o real_a they_o deserve_v to_o have_v the_o high_a immunity_n confer_v on_o they_o but_o let_v they_o keep_v within_o their_o own_o sphere_n and_o not_o aspire_v to_o such_o a_o function_n which_o neither_o their_o breed_n capacity_n or_o part_n do_v enable_v they_o unto_o nor_o their_o employment_n give_v they_o leisure_n to_o discharge_v 16._o discharge_v robert_n rer._n judicat_fw-la lib._n 2._o ca._n 16._o and_o therefore_o upon_o a_o solemn_a debate_n whether_o merchant_n shall_v be_v join_v to_o civilian_n to_o try_v such_o matter_n it_o be_v deny_v and_o judge_v against_o in_o france_n in_o the_o year_n 1584._o beside_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v that_o man_n who_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o skill_n to_o do_v right_a and_o justice_n be_v no_o great_a then_o bare_a nature_n and_o their_o illiterate_a education_n have_v afford_v they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o quick_a and_o at_o less_o charge_n to_o those_o that_o seek_v it_o than_o those_o that_o have_v make_v it_o their_o whole_a study_n and_o employment_n be_v to_o i_o a_o imagination_n strange_a and_o beyond_o belief_n for_o unquestionable_o the_o skilful_a and_o expert_a judge_n that_o by_o his_o study_n and_o practice_n be_v accustom_v to_o such_o business_n as_o he_o do_v best_o understand_v it_o so_o he_o must_v needs_o soon_o dispatch_v it_o also_o because_o custom_n and_o knowledge_n have_v make_v all_o thing_n of_o that_o nature_n obvious_a and_o easy_a to_o he_o and_o such_o a_o judge_n will_v not_o allow_v any_o thing_n to_o be_v speak_v impertinent_o and_o beside_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n and_o so_o a_o multitude_n of_o business_n go_v off_o quick_a under_o he_o and_o both_o delay_n and_o much_o charge_n be_v avoid_v but_o when_o they_o come_v to_o judge_v thereof_o who_o never_o meditate_a or_o deal_v in_o such_o thing_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o they_o must_v run_v into_o many_o impertinent_a question_n and_o that_o they_o must_v toil_v and_o perplex_v themselves_o to_o understand_v the_o true_a point_n in_o issue_n meet_v every_o where_n with_o knot_n and_o difficulty_n and_o scarce_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v easy_a &_o clear_a to_o they_o whereby_o they_o can_v without_o long_o and_o frequent_a debate_n and_o much_o time_n spend_v resolve_v any_o ease_n in_o question_n and_o though_o it_o be_v right_o decide_v in_o the_o end_n which_o it_o be_v twenty_o to_o one_o if_o it_o be_v and_o be_v a_o act_n of_o chance_n rather_o than_o judgement_n yet_o in_o a_o multitude_n of_o other_o business_n before_o any_o come_v to_o be_v judge_v the_o attendance_n i_o be_o sure_a be_v most_o tedious_a and_o the_o charge_n intolerable_a so_o that_o to_o put_v the_o maritime_a and_o foreign_a affair_n to_o be_v judge_v by_o merchant_n be_v to_o augment_v delay_n and_o charge_n rather_o than_o to_o lessen_v either_o in_o like_a manner_n those_o that_o study_n and_o profess_v only_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n which_o as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v common_o but_o of_o narrow_a extent_n and_o serve_v but_o for_o a_o few_o particular_a occasion_n only_o may_v be_v as_o just_o deem_v incapable_a to_o judge_v and_o sit_v upon_o trial_n of_o such_o matter_n though_o they_o do_v concern_v the_o dispense_n of_o law_n and_o justice_n too_o wherein_o the_o municipal_a law_n be_v silent_a and_o have_v make_v no_o provision_n at_o all_o or_o peradventure_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o make_v any_o determination_n in_o they_o as_o when_o they_o fall_v out_o upon_o the_o main_a and_o open_a sea_n or_o in_o a_o foreign_a state_n or_o be_v controversy_n arise_v between_o two_o several_a nation_n or_o their_o subject_n to_o which_o no_o municipal_a law_n can_v be_v apply_v in_o brief_a where_o the_o law_n stand_v distinct_a and_o the_o profession_n thereof_o distinct_a also_o the_o exercise_n of_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v confound_v by_o the_o one_o thrust_v into_o the_o other_o function_n and_o calling_n and_o therefore_o much_o less_o reason_n have_v they_o to_o prohibit_v the_o civilian_n who_o have_v the_o knowledge_n the_o trial_n of_o those_o case_n and_o assume_v it_o to_o themselves_o who_o have_v it_o not_o hereupon_o therefore_o we_o say_v it_o be_v that_o though_o every_o nation_n have_v law_n and_o statute_n of_o their_o own_o proper_a for_o their_o affair_n and_o people_n and_o those_o within_o their_o several_a confine_n so_o far_o as_o they_o do_v prescribe_v have_v the_o preeminence_n above_o any_o other_o law_n or_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o foreign_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n that_o have_v a_o distinct_a study_n and_o profession_n of_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o the_o nation_n apart_o and_o divide_v from_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o where_o else_o student_n and_o professor_n of_o any_o municipal_a law_n distinct_o so_o call_v and_o dignify_v as_o there_o be_v in_o england_n but_o the_o study_n and_o profession_n of_o law_n that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v serviceable_a for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o civil_a state_n be_v the_o study_n and_o profession_n of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n only_o all_o which_o and_o whatsoever_o else_o we_o shall_v say_v hereafter_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n we_o will_v have_v understand_v as_o humble_a proposal_n only_o to_o be_v consider_v of_o in_o order_n to_o a_o future_a settlement_n which_o we_o hope_v and_o long_o for_o but_o if_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o nation_n who_o best_o can_v judge_v what_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o people_n and_o what_o suit_v best_a with_o the_o present_a government_n shall_v in_o the_o end_n commit_v and_o dispose_v of_o those_o trial_n which_o former_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o profession_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o other_o that_o do_v not_o partake_v of_o that_o excellent_a knowledge_n it_o do_v behoove_v all_o person_n to_o sit_v down_o satisfy_v therewith_o and_o to_o submit_v unto_o it_o without_o any_o murmur_a or_o dispute_v for_o i_o do_v great_o approve_v of_o that_o golden_a say_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n sacrileg_n law_n lâ—_n 3._o co._n de_fw-fr grim_a sacrileg_n disputare_fw-la de_fw-la principali_fw-la judicio_fw-la non_fw-la oportet_fw-la sacrilegii_fw-la enim_fw-la instar_fw-la est_fw-la dubitare_fw-la a_o be_v dignus_fw-la sit_fw-la quem_fw-la imperator_fw-la elegerit_fw-la no_o man_n ought_v to_o question_v that_o which_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n have_v once_o decide_v for_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o sacrilege_n to_o doubt_v of_o that_o person_n merit_n who_o the_o high_a magistrate_n by_o his_o immediate_a election_n have_v think_v fit_a to_o dignify_v chap._n viii_o the_o reason_n be_v strong_a and_o weighty_a upon_o which_o so_o many_o foreign_a state_n do_v direct_a and_o order_v the_o business_n of_o their_o tribunal_n most_o by_o the_o prescript_n reason_n and_o equity_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n it_o be_v from_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n that_o the_o student_n in_o foreign_a nation_n do_v derive_v their_o first_o principle_n of_o law_n and_o justice_n and_o in_o this_o be_v all_o public_a lecture_n read_v and_o degree_n take_v and_o not_o in_o any_o municipal_a law_n yet_o it_o be_v true_a that_o before_o they_o practise_v or_o sit_v in_o place_n of_o judicature_n they_o read_v and_o thorough_o inform_v themselves_o in_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n by_o which_o where_o there_o be_v positive_a and_o express_a constitution_n in_o the_o point_n their_o plead_n and_o judgement_n must_v be_v direct_v whole_o but_o in_o case_n where_o there_o be_v none_o as_o the_o case_n be_v but_o few_o where_o there_o be_v in_o comparison_n of_o those_o where_o there_o be_v not_o or_o where_o that_o which_o be_v be_v either_o in_o sense_n ambiguous_a or_o in_o word_n obscure_a and_o must_v be_v interpret_v or_o where_o no_o municipal_a law_n can_v be_v of_o any_o force_n or_o use_v at_o all_o as_o in_o the_o case_n above_o specify_v there_o they_o general_o make_v the_o civil_a law_n or_o the_o reason_n thereof_o their_o only_a rule_n and_o guide_v to_o administer_v right_a and_o justice_n by_o both_o to_o their_o own_o people_n and_o to_o foreigner_n also_o to_o this_o they_o be_v lead_v by_o divers_a necessary_a and_o most_o important_a reason_n first_o for_o they_o to_o do_v so_o be_v but_o answerable_a to_o their_o education_n as_o they_o be_v all_o civilian_n and_o to_o those_o principle_n which_o their_o learning_n have_v ingraft_v in_o they_o for_o since_o they_o have_v be_v breed_v and_o discipline_v under_o it_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o their_o judgement_n and_o result_v be_v steer_v by_o it_o it_o be_v natural_a that_o water_n shall_v have_v the_o true_a relish_n of_o the_o fountain_n from_o whence_o they_o
and_o affection_n thereunto_o will_v appear_v even_o when_o the_o contrary_a be_v perform_v so_o true_a be_v that_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n jura_n naturalia_fw-la sunt_fw-la immutabilia_fw-la civil_a immutabilia_fw-la parag._n 11._o inst_z de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr nat_n geut_fw-fr &_o civil_a the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o nation_n be_v unchangeable_a and_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o be_v repeal_v for_o if_o it_o be_v once_o admit_v that_o these_o law_n be_v alterable_a what_o strange_a contradiction_n and_o senseless_a incongruity_n will_v follow_v and_o how_o will_v man_n be_v ravish_v as_o it_o be_v from_o himself_o his_o reason_n one_o chief_a part_n of_o his_o essence_n be_v take_v away_o beside_o how_o will_v sin_n and_o trespass_n against_o nature_n multiply_v how_o common_a will_v natural_a injustice_n be_v and_o what_o loud_a complaint_n thereof_o will_v arise_v whereby_o not_o only_o great_a confusion_n will_v break_v in_o and_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v disturb_v but_o the_o common_a society_n of_o nation_n will_v in_o time_n also_o cease_v the_o civil_a law_n then_o as_o it_o be_v natural_a essential_a or_o rational_a can_v be_v repeal_v second_o let_v it_o be_v speak_v to_o its_o praise_n also_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v make_v useless_a to_o a_o nation_n where_o the_o whole_a state_n of_o government_n have_v be_v subvert_v as_o that_o it_o be_v thereby_o become_v more_o useful_a and_o necessary_a it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o roman_a people_n themselves_o think_v it_o so_o when_o they_o dispatch_v certain_a choose_v man_n on_o purpose_n to_o fetch_v it_o from_o athens_n for_o their_o use_n and_o service_n after_o they_o have_v drive_v out_o their_o king_n suppress_v their_o law_n and_o erect_v a_o popular_a government_n in_o place_n of_o the_o regal_a the_o like_a opinion_n possess_v now_o adays_o the_o prince_n and_o potentate_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n as_o be_v clear_o demonstrate_v by_o their_o admit_v the_o learning_n and_o profession_n thereof_o into_o their_o several_a territory_n that_o it_o may_v be_v at_o hand_n to_o decide_v and_o resolve_v such_o case_n and_o question_n of_o right_a that_o happen_v among_o their_o people_n wherein_o a_o law_n of_o their_o own_o be_v want_v nay_o if_o any_o such_o difference_n or_o controversy_n arise_v between_o the_o prince_n themselves_o or_o between_o nation_n and_o nation_n which_o be_v most_o frequent_a and_o common_a because_o there_o never_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v by_o any_o authority_n a_o positive_a law_n make_v to_o bind_v they_o they_o debate_v and_o argue_v such_o difference_n by_o argument_n fetch_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o allow_v of_o the_o reason_n thereof_o as_o a_o most_o competent_a and_o equal_a rule_n to_o decide_v they_o by_o and_o if_o this_o supply_n of_o justice_n by_o the_o learning_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v take_v away_o too_o what_o ignorance_n uncertainty_n arbitrariness_n injustice_n and_o oppression_n will_v the_o people_n of_o the_o world_n lie_v under_o and_o what_o hazard_n of_o detriment_n or_o ruin_n will_v their_o right_n fortune_n and_o estate_n be_v expose_v unto_o for_o where_o all_o manner_n of_o law_n be_v want_v in_o a_o common_a weal_n to_o do_v the_o act_n of_o justice_n and_o ministration_n of_o right_n by_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o the_o light_n of_o natural_a reason_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v the_o law_n since_o that_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n which_o be_v give_v to_o man_n at_o first_o to_o judge_v and_o discern_v by_o of_o humane_a thing_n before_o any_o law_n be_v give_v but_o if_o that_o shall_v depend_v upon_o the_o wander_a fancy_n and_o imagination_n of_o man_n only_o and_o not_o be_v illuminate_v by_o some_o right_a knowledge_n and_o learning_n under_o how_o many_o several_a shape_n and_o form_n must_v it_o need_v appear_v when_o the_o apprehension_n and_o conception_n of_o man_n through_o the_o variety_n of_o natural_a gift_n education_n age_n knowledge_n and_o experience_n be_v as_o differ_v as_o their_o visage_n and_o person_n be_v and_o where_o will_v the_o certainty_n constancy_n and_o unity_n of_o justice_n be_v when_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o same_o tribunal_n furnish_v with_o bare_a natural_a endowment_n only_o will_v differ_v from_o and_o oppose_v one_o another_o when_o one_o tribunal_n shall_v judge_v direct_o opposite_a to_o another_o upon_o one_o and_o the_o same_o fact_n or_o which_o be_v a_o levity_n shameful_a and_o unbeseeming_a when_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o same_o court_n in_o case_n of_o like_a nature_n shall_v judge_v and_o order_n diverse_o from_o that_o which_o they_o have_v do_v before_o 6._o before_o apud_fw-la romanos_fw-la prius_fw-la quà m_fw-la sententiam_fw-la ferrent_fw-la praeco_fw-la clara_fw-la vice_fw-la judioe_n hoâ—tabatur_fw-la ne_fw-la se_fw-la paterentur_fw-la svi_fw-la dissimiles_fw-la esse_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n lib._n 6._o ca._n 6._o under_o which_o uncertainty_n and_o discordance_n how_o shall_v people_n know_v what_o to_o expect_v when_o their_o right_n come_v into_o question_n what_o can_v any_o counsel_n advise_v or_o what_o caution_n or_o advisedness_n can_v be_v use_v by_o man_n to_o put_v themselves_o or_o their_o affair_n out_o of_o jeopardy_n when_o they_o be_v never_o certain_a of_o that_o justice_n to_o which_o they_o shall_v conform_v themselves_o and_o be_v secure_a by_o the_o conversion_n and_o change_n of_o state_n therefore_o though_o the_o municipal_a law_n go_v to_o wrack_v as_o common_o such_o great_a frame_n be_v seldom_o meddle_v withal_o but_o all_o fall_v a_o piece_n the_o civil_a law_n be_v not_o the_o less_o but_o rather_o the_o more_o necessary_a to_o be_v retain_v still_o first_o because_o it_o have_v no_o coherence_n or_o conglutination_n with_o the_o particular_a custom_n or_o government_n either_o regal_a or_o episcopal_a as_o the_o municipal_a law_n have_v and_o so_o the_o one_o may_v fall_v and_o yet_o the_o other_o stand_v second_o because_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v the_o proper_a art_n and_o science_n of_o that_o right_n natural_a reason_n which_o for_o want_v of_o other_o rule_n in_o the_o do_n of_o justice_n we_o have_v say_v must_v necessary_o be_v the_o common_a standard_n to_o try_v all_o thing_n by_o the_o principle_n of_o which_o art_n and_o science_n be_v not_o weak_a or_o superficial_a but_o strong_a and_o solid_a not_o various_a or_o repugnant_a but_o certain_a and_o agree_v not_o harsh_a and_o rigorous_a but_o tender_a compassionate_a and_o equitable_a not_o partial_a to_o any_o but_o alike_o just_a to_o all_o not_o obscure_a and_o perplex_a but_o clear_a and_o perspicuous_a in_o the_o eye_n of_o judicious_a and_o right_a discern_a man_n though_o above_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o vulgar_a three_o because_o in_o carry_v the_o weight_n of_o undeniable_a authority_n along_o with_o it_o the_o decision_n thereof_o be_v not_o the_o sudden_a fancy_n and_o raw_a conceit_n of_o a_o few_o man_n nor_o do_v they_o rest_v upon_o the_o bare_a report_n of_o any_o how_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n soever_o but_o they_o be_v the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o prudent_a advisement_n and_o mature_a deliberation_n of_o a_o whole_a state_n excel_v in_o wisdom_n mighty_a in_o greatness_n and_o famous_a in_o renown_n and_o howsoever_o it_o be_v at_o first_o ordain_v to_o be_v a_o law_n for_o a_o particular_a nation_n to_o be_v rule_v by_o yet_o have_v it_o since_o be_v make_v universal_a in_o use_n throughout_o europe_n and_o by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o learned_a spring_v up_o to_o a_o art_n or_o science_n to_o teach_v natural_a justice_n and_o equity_n to_o all_o mankind_n four_o because_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v not_o only_o right_o inform_v and_o teach_v the_o understanding_n what_o be_v just_a and_o right_a but_o the_o certainty_n thereof_o do_v keep_v the_o judgement_n steady_a and_o unexpose_v to_o those_o fit_n of_o variation_n and_o instability_n which_o those_o that_o be_v direct_v by_o no_o certain_a principle_n be_v subject_a to_o for_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a for_o they_o to_o vary_v who_o have_v any_o fix_a rule_n to_o guide_v they_o so_o that_o if_o this_o law_n be_v due_o apply_v by_o those_o only_a that_o be_v learn_v in_o it_o since_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o be_v do_v by_o any_o other_o sort_n of_o man_n neither_o ignorance_n nor_o error_n nor_o arbitrariness_n nor_o uncertainty_n of_o justice_n nor_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o wrong_v injustice_n or_o oppression_n will_v be_v find_v at_o least_o they_o will_v not_o be_v so_o frequent_a and_o common_a as_o where_o the_o guidance_n and_o light_n of_o such_o a_o law_n be_v want_v but_o beside_o these_o forego_n reason_n there_o be_v yet_o further_o and_o much_o strong_a reason_n to_o be_v add_v why_o those_o matter_n and_o cause_n which_o before_o the_o present_a change_n
thing_n but_o be_v a_o auxiliary_a supplement_n or_o a_o knowledge_n assist_v in_o the_o administration_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n both_o to_o subject_n and_o between_o nation_n and_o nation_n where_o there_o be_v no_o municipal_a law_n in_o the_o case_n or_o where_o it_o be_v imperfect_a and_o obscure_a or_o where_o a_o local_a law_n be_v of_o no_o authority_n at_o all_o in_o the_o one_o it_o supply_v in_o the_o other_o it_o interpret_v in_o the_o last_o it_o moderate_v as_o a_o most_o indifferent_a umpire_n so_o that_o of_o these_o two_o law_n the_o proper_a office_n and_o function_n be_v without_o draw_v several_a way_n and_o clash_v one_o against_o another_o or_o question_v each_o other_o power_n sweet_o to_o join_v both_o in_o that_o most_o excellent_a and_o divine_a work_n of_o justice_n which_o may_v render_v the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n most_o quiet_a within_o themselves_o and_o honourable_o esteem_v by_o other_o but_o last_o there_o be_v a_o strange_a conceit_n that_o have_v get_v into_o the_o head_n of_o some_o man_n that_o the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o that_o they_o can_v be_v sever_v that_o if_o the_o one_o be_v admit_v the_o other_o will_v have_v access_n also_o and_o the_o let_n in_o of_o the_o canon_n law_n which_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n will_v open_v a_o wide_a gap_n to_o introduce_v all_o their_o superstition_n erroneous_a doctrine_n and_o prelatical_a discipline_n and_o so_o in_o time_n we_o shall_v become_v whole_o romish_n and_o antichristian_a and_o true_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o such_o a_o cause_n that_o may_v produce_v so_o dangerous_a a_o effect_n be_v not_o to_o be_v neglect_v but_o be_v to_o be_v very_o careful_o look_v after_o but_o as_o in_o the_o one_o the_o supposition_n be_v great_o mistake_v so_o there_o be_v no_o such_o cause_n of_o fear_n in_o the_o other_o not_o any_o such_o danger_n as_o be_v surmise_v for_o that_o these_o two_o law_n be_v the_o same_o or_o that_o they_o be_v inseparable_a be_v more_o than_o a_o small_a mistake_n they_o be_v make_v at_o several_a time_n long_o distant_a each_o from_o other_o by_o several_a author_n and_o for_o several_a end_n and_o purpose_n the_o civil_a law_n after_o it_o have_v be_v grow_v by_o degree_n in_o a_o very_a long_a process_n of_o time_n as_o well_o under_o the_o people_n when_o rome_n be_v a_o free_a state_n as_o under_o the_o emperor_n be_v become_v voluminous_a and_o indigested_a the_o choice_a thereof_o be_v pick_v out_o and_o lay_v together_o by_o justinian_n and_o that_o collection_n be_v perfect_v in_o the_o year_n 533_o and_o make_v the_o law_n of_o the_o empire_n whereof_o rome_n be_v now_o no_o part_n or_o member_n but_o become_v the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n the_o place_n for_o the_o pope_n and_o bishop_n of_o rome_n to_o sit_v in_o who_o though_o they_o make_v canon_n for_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o church_n and_o churchman_n long_o before_o yet_o the_o canon_n law_n that_o be_v now_o so_o style_v come_v not_o forth_o into_o the_o world_n till_o above_o 500_o year_n after_o the_o first_o part_n thereof_o which_o be_v gratian'ss_n decree_n be_v not_o publish_v till_o the_o year_n 1151._o the_o intent_n and_o purpose_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v to_o order_n and_o direct_v all_o the_o civil_a affair_n of_o the_o great_a and_o spacious_a roman_a empire_n and_o the_o business_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v to_o guide_v and_o govern_v the_o spiritual_a and_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n the_o one_o be_v ordain_v to_o rule_v a_o state_n the_o other_o to_o discipline_n a_o church_n these_o consideration_n then_o divide_v and_o set_v apart_o these_o two_o law_n each_o from_o other_o do_v manifest_o show_v that_o they_o be_v neither_o the_o same_o nor_o for_o the_o same_o end_n make_v nor_o yet_o inseparable_a for_o if_o that_o mighty_a state_n of_o the_o roman_n can_v manage_v and_o carry_v on_o so_o much_o business_n as_o they_o deal_v in_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n only_o what_o need_n have_v any_o lesser_a nation_n now_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n at_o all_o beside_o there_o have_v be_v always_o such_o a_o contention_n between_o these_o two_o law_n for_o superiority_n and_o which_o shall_v have_v most_o esteem_v with_o the_o nation_n of_o europe_n that_o they_o have_v be_v rather_o ready_a to_o fight_v as_o foe_n then_o unite_v and_o agree_v as_o friend_n nay_o mr_n selden_n 5._o selden_n dissert_n ad_fw-la flet._n ca._n 6._o nu_fw-la 5._o write_v that_o when_o pope_n innocent_a the_o second_o do_v solicit_v the_o european_a prince_n and_o people_n to_o give_v admittance_n to_o the_o canon_n law_n within_o their_o territory_n think_v thereby_o to_o enlarge_v his_o own_o jurisdiction_n and_o greatness_n they_o do_v the_o more_o free_o receive_v and_o entertain_v the_o civil_a law_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o keep_v off_o both_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o law_n too_o so_o that_o it_o shall_v rather_o seem_v they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v inseparable_a that_o to_o entertain_v the_o one_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o shut_v out_o the_o other_o and_o indeed_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v unnecessary_a where_o the_o civil_a be_v in_o use_n for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o latter_a roman_a emperor_n do_v princip_n do_v bilson_n a_o bishop_n of_o our_o church_n do_v defend_v justinian_n and_o the_o other_o emperor_n and_o all_o prince_n in_o so_o do_v christian_n subject_a part_n 2._o circa_fw-la princip_n as_o they_o may_v just_o do_v make_v divers_a and_o sundry_a law_n from_o time_n to_o time_n for_o the_o order_n and_o regulate_v of_o eccesiastical_a matter_n and_o ecclesiastical_a man_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o divers_a title_n in_o the_o code_n de_fw-fr summa_fw-la trinitate_fw-la &_o fide_fw-la catholica_fw-la de_fw-fr sacrosanctis_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la de_fw-fr episcopis_fw-la &_o clericis_fw-la de_fw-fr haereticis_fw-la ne_fw-la sanctum_fw-la baptisma_fw-la iteretur_fw-la de_fw-fr apostatis_fw-la de_fw-fr judaeis_n &_o coelicolis_fw-la de_fw-fr bis_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la ecclesias_fw-la confugiunt_fw-la and_o the_o like_a and_o it_o be_v as_o certain_a that_o 790._o that_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n lib._n 4._o fol_z 332_o 333._o and_o lib._n 7._o foe_n 790._o there_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o thing_n which_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o order_n and_o make_v canon_n in_o in_fw-la ordine_fw-la ad_fw-la spiritualia_fw-la in_o order_n to_o the_o spiritual_a welfare_n of_o man_n soul_n as_o they_o pretend_v which_o be_v temporal_a and_o matter_n of_o civil_a intercourse_n between_o man_n and_o man_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o these_o title_n de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la de_fw-fr precario_fw-la de_fw-fr commodate_v de_fw-fr deposito_fw-la de_fw-fr emptione_n &_o venditione_n de_fw-fr locato_fw-la &_o conducto_fw-la de_fw-fr rerum_fw-la permutatione_n de_fw-fr pignoribus_fw-la de_fw-fr donationibus_fw-la de_fw-fr testamentis_fw-la de_fw-fr trenga_fw-mi &_o pace_n de_fw-fr transactionibus_fw-la de_fw-fr decimis_fw-la primitiis_fw-la &_o oblationibus_fw-la de_fw-fr jure_fw-la paetronatus_fw-la de_fw-fr sponsalibus_fw-la &_o matrimonîis_fw-la de_fw-fr successionibus_fw-la ab_fw-la intestato_fw-la de_fw-fr homicidio_fw-la voluntario_fw-la vel_fw-la casuali_fw-la de_fw-fr raptoribus_fw-la de_fw-fr furtis_fw-la and_o divers_a other_o and_o all_o these_o thing_n in_o their_o true_a nature_n be_v but_o temporal_a and_o mere_a matter_n of_o negociation_n or_o act_n between_o man_n and_o man_n though_o some_o of_o they_o as_o tithe_n presentation_n to_o benefice_n marriage_n testament_n succession_n to_o dead_a man_n good_n that_o have_v die_v intestate_a &_o other_o such_o like_a be_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n account_v spiritual_a and_o through_o indulgence_n of_o divers_a prince_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o church_n the_o jurisdiction_n in_o they_o have_v be_v grant_v unto_o spiritual_a man_n but_o that_o have_v proceed_v rather_o from_o the_o favour_n of_o prince_n then_o from_o the_o med_n the_o bishop_n bilson_n say_v that_o the_o pope_n decree_n judgement_n and_o execution_n in_o these_o case_n if_o claim_v from_o christ_n as_o thing_n spiritual_a and_o not_o grant_v by_o caesar_n be_v but_o open_a invasion_n of_o prince_n right_n call_v those_o thing_n spiritual_a which_o indeed_o be_v civil_a and_o temporal_a christian_n subject_a part_n 2._o circa_fw-la med_n nature_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o whosoever_o do_v take_v a_o survey_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n in_o the_o title_n above_o mention_v and_o in_o divers_a other_o he_o shall_v find_v it_o most_o take_v out_o and_o speak_v the_o very_a language_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o so_o much_o be_v note_v and_o observe_v all_o along_o by_o the_o very_a gloss_n and_o canonist_n themselves_o so_o that_o hereby_o the_o canon_n law_n appear_v to_o be_v
of_o little_a use_n when_o for_o the_o order_n of_o those_o matter_n we_o may_v be_v supply_v from_o the_o fountain_n itself_o from_o whence_o the_o canon_n law_n have_v get_v it_o but_o suppose_v there_o be_v such_o a_o necessary_a concomitancy_n between_o these_o two_o law_n and_o that_o the_o use_n and_o practice_v of_o the_o one_o will_v be_v a_o sure_a inlet_n to_o the_o other_o as_o some_o do_v too_o fond_o imagine_v do_v it_o therefore_o follow_v that_o the_o error_n and_o superstition_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n must_v needs_o creep_v in_o too_o no_o more_o sure_o than_o it_o follow_v that_o because_o the_o old_a law_n that_o be_v full_a of_o jewish_a right_n and_o ceremony_n be_v join_v to_o the_o gospel_n and_o that_o we_o read_v both_o together_o we_o must_v therefore_o present_o all_o become_v jew_n and_o thus_o have_v satisfy_v all_o scruple_n that_o be_v usual_o make_v against_o the_o continue_a the_o civil_a law_n within_o this_o nation_n i_o shall_v but_o shut_v up_o all_o in_o this_o conclusion_n that_o see_v the_o roman_a state_n out_o of_o their_o wonderful_a wisdom_n and_o great_a experience_n in_o government_n and_o the_o several_a affair_n of_o the_o world_n do_v devise_v a_o law_n not_o only_o proper_a for_o themselves_o but_o so_o main_o useful_a to_o other_o nation_n also_o and_o that_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o learned_a work_n upon_o that_o foundation_n have_v by_o method_n order_n rule_n exposition_n illustration_n and_o treatise_n of_o all_o kind_n reduce_v it_o to_o a_o perfect_a and_o complete_a art_n and_o science_n of_o law_n whereby_o the_o right_a skill_n and_o way_n of_o do_v the_o pure_a and_o most_o natural_a justice_n whatsoever_o the_o case_n be_v may_v be_v teach_v and_o know_v and_o when_o it_o have_v from_o thence_o be_v ingraft_v into_o our_o own_o and_o the_o other_o university_n of_o europe_n and_o make_v one_o of_o the_o three_o chief_a science_n there_o to_o which_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o art_n serve_v as_o it_o be_v as_o handmaid_n and_o servant_n and_o all_o for_o the_o direct_n of_o man_n and_o nation_n how_o they_o shall_v deal_v honest_o and_o upright_o with_o one_o another_o see_v also_o that_o our_o very_a martial_a affair_n can_v proceed_v well_o nor_o be_v right_o regulate_v without_o it_o and_o that_o those_o nation_n who_o we_o have_v most_o deal_n and_o intercourse_n withal_o and_o to_o who_o we_o shall_v despise_v to_o be_v any_o whit_n inferior_a do_v not_o only_o keep_v it_o but_o also_o have_v no_o other_o profession_n of_o law_n beside_o it_o and_o do_v think_v their_o own_o private_a law_n to_o be_v very_o insufficient_a and_o lame_a without_o it_o and_o that_o divers_a matter_n and_o cause_n among_o ourselves_o will_v remain_v without_o any_o law_n at_o all_o except_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v keep_v to_o order_v they_o as_o it_o do_v before_o last_o when_o the_o civil_a law_n come_v to_o help_v and_o assist_v and_o not_o to_o infringe_v or_o take_v away_o from_o the_o municipal_a law_n at_o all_o if_o we_o shall_v now_o abandon_v it_o and_o cast_v it_o out_o of_o our_o coast_n or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o if_o we_o shall_v reward_v and_o encourage_v it_o so_o slender_o that_o no_o man_n will_v either_o think_v it_o worth_a his_o pain_n to_o study_v or_o his_o cost_n to_o take_v any_o degree_n in_o it_o to_o which_o pass_v it_o be_v most_o visible_o come_v already_o i_o say_v if_o we_o shall_v still_o thus_o neglect_v or_o despise_v it_o either_o way_n we_o shall_v not_o only_o set_v light_n by_o the_o policy_n and_o wisdom_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o all_o other_o people_n be_v studious_a to_o imitate_v and_o come_v as_o near_o as_o possible_o they_o can_v but_o we_o shall_v also_o deprive_v ourselves_o of_o one_o excellent_a mean_n to_o improve_v our_o knowledge_n and_o reason_n by_o our_o justice_n without_o it_o be_v guide_v by_o illiterate_a and_o irrational_a principle_n will_v be_v less_o satisfactory_a to_o the_o people_n our_o skill_n in_o the_o discipline_n of_o war_n and_o in_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n will_v be_v very_o defective_a the_o very_a harmony_n of_o learning_n that_o have_v so_o long_o flourish_v among_o we_o will_v be_v dissolve_v when_o so_o considerable_a a_o part_n as_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v break_v off_o from_o it_o other_o nation_n will_v grow_v too_o wise_a and_o subtle_a for_o we_o and_o will_v turn_v and_o wind_v we_o as_o they_o lift_v and_o our_o justice_n at_o home_n will_v be_v lame_v not_o be_v competent_a enough_o for_o the_o matter_n we_o deal_v in_o the_o consequence_n of_o all_o which_o will_v be_v mischief_n at_o home_n and_o dishonour_v abroad_o which_o all_o good_a patriot_n and_o lover_n of_o their_o country_n will_v lament_v to_o see_v a_o index_n of_o the_o principal_a matter_n contain_v in_o this_o book_n a_o have_v and_o science_n have_v their_o beginning_n grow_a fall_a and_o rise_v again_o fol._n 50_o argument_n draw_v from_o like_a case_n be_v unsufficient_a fol._n 41_o admiralty_n court_n proper_a to_o be_v manage_v by_o civilian_n only_o fol._n 148_o athens_n be_v the_o place_n from_o whence_o the_o civil_a law_n first_o come_v fol._n 29_o 103_o b_o business_n of_o other_o man_n if_o i_o expend_v any_o money_n or_o care_n upon_o though_o without_o their_o privity_n the_o civil_a law_n will_v see_v i_o satisfy_v fol._n 90_o book_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n when_o and_o where_o find_v after_o that_o learning_n have_v lie_v neglect_v a_o long_a time_n fol._n 122_o barbarism_n will_v be_v let_v in_o where_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v expel_v fol._n 134_o book_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n that_o be_v before_o justinian_o collection_n after_o that_o come_v forth_o be_v quite_o lose_v fol._n 121_o c_z child_n if_o no_o disposition_n at_o all_o be_v make_v by_o the_o father_n do_v equal_o divide_v the_o whole_a estate_n between_o they_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 15._o enjoin_v so_o to_o reverence_v their_o parent_n that_o they_o can_v not_o sue_v they_o without_o leave_n nor_o be_v witness_n against_o they_o nor_o marry_v without_o their_o consent_n nor_o charge_v they_o with_o any_o criminal_a act_n fol._n 11_o collusion_n odious_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o make_v the_o act_n void_a fol._n 13_o the_o civil_a law_n agreeable_a not_o only_o to_o the_o first_o principle_n of_o nature_n but_o also_o to_o other_o never_o so_o much_o remote_a fol._n 21._o make_v to_o rule_v the_o mighty_a empire_n that_o ever_o be_v and_o since_o propagate_v to_o other_o nation_n 29._o and_o how_o it_o come_v so_o 30._o it_o teach_v man_n to_o be_v virtuous_a and_o innocent_a 48._o though_o sometime_o in_o obscurity_n yet_o never_o to_o be_v quite_o lose_v 50._o it_o handle_v public_a matter_n very_o spare_o 52._o custom_n must_v agree_v with_o reason_n 36._o custom_n be_v more_o acceptable_a to_o the_o people_n than_o law_n be_v ibid._n case_n common_o all_o differ_v from_o one_o another_o fol._n 41_o the_o civil_a law_n contain_v the_o whole_a reason_n of_o man_n both_o private_a politic_a and_o that_o of_o nation_n 53_o 63._o it_o run_v more_o in_o a_o convince_a than_o command_v style_n 65._o most_o conformable_a to_o the_o divine_a and_o eternal_a law_n 66._o grow_v to_o be_v the_o common_a authority_n to_o justify_v or_o condemn_v humane_a action_n 67._o it_o avoid_v nicety_n and_o follow_v the_o true_a intent_n only_o 67._o it_o will_v not_o allow_v of_o some_o thing_n because_o they_o be_v not_o worthy_a nor_o honourable_a though_o otherwise_o lawful_a 70._o it_o be_v full_a of_o clemency_n &_o mildness_n 71._o it_o prefer_v equity_n before_o rigour_n 78._o all_o person_n of_o what_o condition_n soever_o may_v read_v their_o duty_n in_o it_o 93._o the_o fundamental_o thereof_o fetch_v from_o other_o state_n the_o best_a govern_v that_o then_o be_v fol._n 103._o 29_o civil_a law_n how_o it_o may_v be_v admit_v into_o england_n without_o any_o inconvenience_n fol._n 108_o civil_a law_n almost_o destroy_v when_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v invade_v by_o barbarous_a people_n 114._o 116._o the_o first_o book_n thereof_o be_v lose_v do_v much_o hurt_n and_o injury_n to_o those_o that_o we_o have_v now_o be_v but_o a_o extract_n of_o they_o 121_o many_o of_o the_o book_n thereof_o to_o a_o infinite_a number_n perish_v and_o be_v lose_v by_o the_o sad_a fate_n that_o befall_v rome_n berytus_n and_o constantinople_n 122._o yet_o under_o lotharius_n the_o emperor_n it_o be_v again_o restore_v ib._n and_o afterward_o grow_v so_o great_a that_o other_o learning_n be_v neglect_v and_o all_o do_v study_v that_o only_o 123._o the_o edict_n of_o prince_n how_o severe_a soever_o be_v not_o able_a to_o suppress_v it_o 124._o no_o where_o so_o much_o in_o use_n as_o in_o spain_n and_o france_n though_o they_o have_v both_o make_v sharp_a