endevour_v to_o set_v forth_o &_o discharge_v his_o office_n in_o the_o notable_a manner_n he_o may_v whereby_o it_o seem_v exceed_o necessary_a that_o the_o care_n of_o the_o public_a weal_n shall_v be_v commit_v to_o some_o one_o who_o be_v free_a from_o any_o private_a office_n may_v only_o moderate_a &_o direct_v the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o common_a good_a &_o utility_n of_o all_o which_o authority_n to_o be_v commit_v equal_o to_o many_o be_v very_o inconvenient_a for_o as_o aristotle_n say_v that_o which_o many_o have_v charge_n alike_o of_o all_o do_v in_o a_o manner_n alike_o neglect_v neither_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n amiss_o can_v the_o blame_v thereof_o be_v impute_v more_o to_o one_o then_o to_o another_o withal_o there_o never_o want_n most_o dangerous_a emulation_n among_o those_o that_o be_v alike_o equal_a in_o authority_n now_o if_o one_o in_o this_o case_n shall_v be_v prefer_v and_o advance_v above_o the_o rest_n in_o dignity_n and_o rule_n with_o a_o limitation_n of_o time_n and_o not_o for_o tear_v i_o of_o his_o life_n he_o then_o will_v imagine_v that_o he_o have_v sufficient_o discharge_v his_o duty_n if_o it_o go_v well_o with_o the_o commonwealth_n during_o his_o time_n of_o government_n careless_a altogether_o what_o shall_v become_v thereof_o afterward_o so_o that_o common_o many_o dangerous_a afterclappe_n ensue_v such_o reckon_n which_o by_o certain_a and_o manifest_a experience_n may_v easy_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o example_n of_o many_o commonwealthe_n that_o in_o these_o time_n of_o we_o have_v be_v ruinate_v through_o such_o manner_n of_o government_n this_o monarchal_a government_n be_v therefore_o establish_v in_o this_o commonwealth_n of_o we_o with_o singular_a wisdom_n and_o judgement_n and_o withal_o the_o same_o so_o curb_v &_o restrain_v with_o law_n that_o all_o dangerous_a inconvenience_n whereby_o the_o commonwealth_n may_v sustain_v harm_n be_v thereby_o remove_v and_o those_o commodity_n joint_o embrace_v that_o proceed_v from_o a_o kingly_a and_o royal_a government_n so_o that_o there_o seem_v nothing_o to_o remain_v which_o we_o can_v wish_v for_o have_v a_o commonwealth_n unenthral_v enjoy_v a_o true_a liberty_n and_o freedom_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o as_o it_o be_v a_o king_n for_o our_o governor_n a_o prince_n therefore_o be_v choose_v who_o be_v entitle_v with_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o duke_n retain_v the_o government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n while_o the_o time_n of_o his_o life_n endure_v and_o chief_o and_o above_o all_o other_o thing_n have_v care_n of_o the_o common_a good_a and_o general_a utility_n by_o which_o as_o i_o prove_v before_o and_o that_o as_o i_o think_v with_o sufficient_a reason_n city_n be_v preserve_v and_o maintain_v this_o duke_n of_o we_o have_v not_o any_o certain_a private_a office_n allot_v he_o yet_o nevertheless_o there_o be_v not_o in_o the_o whole_a duke_n the_o dignity_n &_o authority_n of_o the_o duke_n commonwealth_n any_o thing_n do_v but_o he_o must_v be_v make_v acquaint_v therewith_o and_o have_v knowledge_n of_o the_o same_o he_o be_v to_o contain_v and_o keep_v under_o in_o their_o duty_n as_o well_o every_o private_a man_n as_o every_o particular_a magistrate_n and_o with_o such_o moderation_n to_o direct_v they_o that_o every_o thing_n may_v with_o a_o excellent_a harmony_n seem_v to_o tune_v to_o the_o common_a good_a &_o civil_a union_n lest_o any_o otherwise_o through_o too_o much_o diligence_n or_o too_o much_o negligence_n in_o his_o office_n may_v chance_v to_o hinder_v the_o common_a profit_n this_o therefore_o be_v the_o office_n of_o the_o prince_n that_o be_v as_o it_o be_v place_v in_o a_o glass_n he_o may_v behold_v what_o every_o one_o do_v especial_o those_o that_o be_v in_o authority_n of_o who_o if_o he_o find_v any_o faulty_a in_o his_o office_n if_o the_o matter_n be_v light_a he_o call_v he_o before_o the_o whole_a college_n and_o there_o sharp_o rebuke_v he_o with_o word_n if_o his_o offence_n be_v of_o great_a quality_n he_o cause_v the_o same_o to_o be_v inquire_v of_o and_o examine_v before_o the_o advocator_n and_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o ten_o and_o to_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o council_n the_o duke_n himself_o also_o if_o he_o will_v may_v use_v the_o authority_n either_o of_o a_o aduocator_n or_o precedent_n and_o make_v report_n to_o the_o council_n of_o any_o offence_n and_o of_o any_o amercement_n or_o punishment_n that_o be_v thereupon_o to_o be_v inflict_v wherein_o what_o manner_n and_o custom_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v observe_v shall_v be_v hereafter_o express_v when_o we_o shall_v come_v to_o speak_v of_o criminal_a judgement_n for_o so_o great_a be_v the_o princess_n authority_n that_o he_o may_v in_o whatsoever_o court_v adjoine_v himself_o to_o the_o magistrate_n therein_o be_v precedent_n as_o his_o colleague_n or_o companion_n and_o have_v equal_a power_n with_o the_o other_o precedent_n that_o he_o may_v so_o by_o this_o mean_n be_v able_a to_o look_v into_o all_o thing_n yet_o nevertheless_o so_o be_v this_o authority_n of_o he_o by_o law_n retract_v that_o alone_o he_o may_v not_o do_v any_o thing_n neither_o be_v join_v to_o the_o other_o magistrate_n have_v he_o any_o far_a power_n than_o every_o other_o precedent_n in_o his_o office_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o magistrate_n be_v so_o small_a that_o no_o one_o of_o they_o how_o great_a soever_o he_o be_v can_v determine_v of_o any_o thing_n of_o weight_n or_o moment_n without_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o council_n but_o of_o this_o in_o his_o place_n we_o will_v speak_v more_o plain_o beside_o this_o the_o prince_n have_v in_o every_o council_n equal_a authority_n with_o any_o of_o they_o for_o one_o suffrage_n or_o lot_n likewise_o in_o the_o great_a counsel_n and_o assembly_n of_o all_o the_o citizen_n while_o the_o session_n be_v hold_v concern_v magistrate_n he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o yield_v more_o favour_n to_o a_o competitor_n of_o his_o kindred_n or_o parentage_n then_o to_o any_o other_o observe_v the_o same_o equal_a priuledge_n which_o the_o other_o citizen_n do_v whereby_o i_o think_v any_o man_n may_v easy_o understand_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o venice_n be_v deprive_v of_o all_o mean_n whereby_o he_o may_v abuse_v his_o authority_n or_o become_v a_o tyrant_n which_o ancient_a &_o long_a continue_a custom_n from_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o the_o city_n even_o to_o these_o time_n have_v now_o take_v such_o foundation_n and_o root_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o whereof_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n need_v stand_v less_o in_o fear_n they_o that_o their_o prince_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n be_v able_a to_o invade_v their_o liberty_n or_o trouble_v their_o common_a quiet_a but_o now_o lest_o every_o one_o shall_v refuse_v this_o dignity_n require_v so_o great_a pain_n &_o continual_a solicitude_n of_o mind_n unless_o there_o shall_v thereunto_o be_v adjoin_v some_o sweetness_n or_o reward_n this_o limitation_n of_o authority_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n recompense_v with_o a_o exterior_a princely_a honour_n dignity_n &_o royal_a appear_a show_n for_o the_o ornament_n of_o his_o body_n be_v kingly_a use_v always_o purple_a garment_n or_o cloth_n of_o gold_n on_o his_o head_n he_o wear_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o diadem_n a_o veil_n of_o linen_n upon_o the_o same_o a_o hood_n or_o mitre_n of_o purple_a garnish_v about_o with_o a_o fringe_n of_o gold_n the_o part_n whereof_o that_o cover_v the_o middle_a or_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n rise_v up_o in_o form_n of_o a_o horn_n his_o seat_n be_v somewhat_o high_a than_o the_o rest_n and_o in_o estate_n kingly_a all_o the_o citizen_n as_o well_o those_o that_o bear_v rule_n and_o office_n as_o those_o that_o be_v private_a man_n speak_v unto_o he_o bareheaded_a and_o stand_a which_o in_o these_o time_n be_v a_o sign_n of_o exceed_a honour_n the_o prince_n never_o rise_v up_o to_o any_o person_n all_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v seal_v and_o go_v forth_o under_o his_o name_n what_o prince_n ambassador_n magistrate_n captain_n or_o whosoever_o else_o that_o write_v to_o the_o senate_n direct_v his_o letter_n to_o the_o prince_n the_o proclamation_n of_o law_n order_n &_o decree_n all_o be_v do_v under_o his_o name_n all_o their_o money_n as_o well_o gold_n as_o silver_n be_v coin_a and_o stamp_v with_o his_o name_n &_o picture_n final_o to_o shorten_v my_o speech_n in_o every_o thing_n you_o may_v see_v the_o show_n of_o a_o king_n but_o his_o authority_n in_o nothing_o which_o without_o doubt_n whosoever_o be_v wise_a can_v but_o confess_v to_o have_v be_v ordain_v by_o the_o venetian_a commonwealth_n with_o exceed_a prudence_n and_o wisdom_n because_o otherwise_o without_o this_o reward_n of_o honour_n the_o office_n of_o the_o prince_n will_v have_v be_v repute_v as_o burdenous_a
increase_v to_o a_o great_a mightiness_n &_o state_n it_o seem_v a_o thing_n not_o convenient_a to_o the_o greatness_n of_o so_o noble_a a_o commonwealth_n to_o commit_v to_o the_o rash_a &_o waver_a voice_n of_o the_o multitude_n a_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a weight_n honour_n and_o dignity_n it_o be_v therefore_o decree_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v choose_v out_o 11._o of_o the_o most_o sufficient_a citizen_n &_o that_o this_o authority_n of_o create_v the_o prince_n shall_v be_v whole_o unto_o they_o commit_v but_o afterward_o as_o with_o their_o empire_n their_o ambition_n increase_v there_o be_v appoint_v certain_a several_a parliament_n or_o session_n &_o a_o kind_n of_o intricate_a way_n find_v out_o in_o this_o election_n of_o the_o duke_n which_o lest_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o thing_n want_v in_o my_o undertake_a task_n i_o will_v brief_o express_v the_o duke_n be_v dead_a and_o his_o obsequy_n devout_o and_o honourable_o solemnize_v the_o counsellor_n who_o present_o upon_o the_o princess_n death_n during_o the_o interregne_n or_o vacancy_n betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o public_a palace_n appoint_v for_o the_o princess_n habitation_n do_v call_v &_o assemble_v death_n the_o duke_n action_n examine_v after_o his_o death_n together_o the_o great_a council_n in_o that_o first_o assembly_n after_o the_o duke_n decease_n there_o be_v according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o session_n before_o express_v 5._o citizen_n create_v who_o office_n be_v diligent_o to_o look_v into_o &_o to_o examine_v the_o action_n of_o the_o decease_a prince_n and_o if_o they_o find_v any_o thing_n do_v by_o he_o against_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n then_o by_o opinion_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o council_n to_o cancel_v and_o disannul_v the_o same_o if_o he_o have_v receive_v a_o bribe_n of_o any_o man_n or_o have_v be_v spare_v in_o that_o due_a and_o ordinary_a expense_n which_o belong_v to_o his_o dignity_n then_o upon_o the_o report_n of_o these_o five_o commissioner_n there_o be_v such_o a_o fine_a and_o amercement_n impose_v upon_o his_o heir_n as_o the_o law_n command_v the_o penalty_n be_v only_a money_n which_o be_v levy_v upon_o the_o prince_n inheritance_n &_o carry_v into_o the_o treasure_n house_n in_o the_o same_o session_n be_v likewise_o choose_v five_o other_o citizen_n who_o immediate_o upon_o their_o election_n do_v retire_v themselves_o into_o a_o aparted_a room_n or_o conclave_n adjoin_v to_o the_o session_n house_n out_o of_o which_o they_o do_v not_o depart_v till_o after_o many_o matter_n well_o debate_v they_o do_v at_o length_n determine_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n that_o in_o their_o opinion_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v away_o or_o add_v to_o the_o princess_n authority_n the_o matter_n be_v well_o discuss_v among_o they_o the_o council_n be_v call_v together_o again_o which_o be_v do_v they_o then_o come_v forth_o of_o the_o conclave_n for_o before_o they_o may_v not_o and_o every_o of_o they_o declare_v his_o opinion_n to_o the_o council_n concern_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o then_o it_o be_v of_o the_o whole_a assembly_n together_o advise_v on_o it_o be_v by_o suffrage_n decree_v which_o shall_v be_v most_o for_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o that_o decree_n be_v present_o register_v among_o the_o law_n which_o the_o follow_a prince_n be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o authority_n and_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v once_o settle_v and_o determine_v the_o next_o day_n after_o be_v spend_v in_o that_o intricate_a kind_n of_o session_n in_o which_o the_o prince_n be_v accustom_v to_o be_v choose_v year_n no_o citizen_n allow_v in_o those_o session_n which_o concern_v the_o election_n of_o their_o prince_n under_o the_o age_n of_o 30_o year_n all_o the_o citizen_n that_o be_v above_o thirty_o year_n old_a do_v assemble_v and_o meet_v together_o for_o no_o one_o under_o that_o age_n be_v by_o a_o ancient_a institution_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n admit_v into_o that_o council_n or_o session_n then_o the_o citizen_n be_v all_o of_o they_o number_v and_o so_o many_o as_o they_o be_v in_o number_n so_o many_o little_a ball_n be_v throw_v into_o a_o pot_n of_o which_o thirty_o be_v gold_n and_o the_o rest_n silver_n the_o pot_n be_v place_v just_a before_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o session_n where_o the_o counsellor_n do_v stand_v and_o by_o the_o same_o stand_v a_o little_a boy_n which_o pull_v out_o the_o lot_n the_o citizen_n be_v call_v and_o do_v come_v unto_o the_o pot_n every_o one_o according_a unto_o the_o rank_n and_o order_n in_o which_o he_o sit_v but_o no_o one_o be_v suffer_v as_o in_o their_o other_o session_n the_o custom_n be_v to_o put_v his_o hand_n into_o the_o pot_n only_o the_o boy_n which_o stand_v by_o draw_v out_o for_o each_o of_o they_o his_o ball_n those_o that_o chance_n upon_o a_o silver_n ball_n do_v present_o depart_v forth_o of_o the_o session_n but_o he_o who_o fortune_n shall_v favour_v with_o one_o of_o those_o that_o be_v of_o gold_n be_v present_o in_o a_o high_a voice_n publish_v and_o pronounce_v by_o the_o secretary_n and_o immediate_o go_v his_o way_n apart_o into_o the_o inner_a room_n and_o all_o his_o kindred_n and_o near_a ally_n do_v present_o arise_v out_o of_o their_o place_n and_o all_o go_v together_o into_o one_o part_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o hall_n there_o they_o be_v number_v and_o so_o many_o as_o they_o be_v so_o many_o silver_n ball_n be_v multitude_n 30._o choose_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a multitude_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o pot_n and_o give_v they_o upon_o which_o without_o delay_n they_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o hall_n so_o that_o only_o thirty_o to_o who_o lot_n the_o golden_a ball_n do_v befall_v be_v choose_v and_o elect_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a assembly_n of_o citizen_n and_o that_o be_v do_v the_o council_n be_v dismiss_v 9_o these_o 30._o reduce_v to_o 9_o after_o they_o be_v all_o depart_v those_o thirty_o come_v again_o out_o of_o the_o conclave_n &_o try_v once_o more_o their_o chance_n by_o lottery_n afore_o the_o counsellor_n so_o that_o of_o their_o number_n only_o nine_o who_o this_o new_a lottery_n shall_v favour_v be_v make_v elector_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v dismiss_v they_o go_v again_o into_o a_o closet_n appoint_v for_o the_o purpose_n and_o there_o be_v lock_v in_o alone_a no_o one_o no_o not_o a_o servant_n suffer_v to_o 40._o the_o 9_o choose_v 40._o speak_v with_o they_o nor_o they_o may_v not_o thence_o depart_v till_o they_o have_v choose_v forty_o man_n of_o which_o forty_o no_n one_o can_v of_o they_o be_v declare_v as_o elect_v and_o choose_v unless_o he_o have_v first_o six_o ball_n or_o suffrage_n in_o his_o favour_n so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v four_o of_o the_o nine_o contrary_n to_o he_o he_o may_v not_o be_v elect_v so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v once_o agree_v in_o the_o choice_n of_o these_o forty_o man_n they_o send_v word_n thereof_o unto_o the_o counsellor_n by_o the_o public_a guardian_n or_o porter_n present_o the_o counsellor_n unless_o the_o day_n be_v very_o far_o spend_v do_v call_v and_o assemble_v the_o great_a council_n which_o be_v altogether_o in_o the_o court_n there_o be_v a_o listen_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o closet_n wherein_o the_o name_n be_v write_v of_o the_o elector_n and_o then_o the_o chief_a secretary_n ascend_v the_o tribunal_n do_v with_o a_o high_a voice_n pronounce_v the_o name_n of_o the_o forty_o elect_a citizen_n of_o which_o every_o one_o as_o he_o hear_v himself_o name_v do_v arise_v from_o his_o seat_n and_o go_v to_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o counsellor_n do_v there_o sit_v down_o and_o then_o go_v thence_o into_o a_o appoint_a closet_n or_o inner_a room_n but_o if_o any_o one_o chance_n to_o be_v away_o he_o be_v present_o inquire_v for_o by_o the_o counsellor_n and_o the_o president_n of_o the_o forty_o and_o seek_v for_o with_o great_a diligence_n throughout_o the_o city_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v find_v out_o he_o be_v immediate_o by_o those_o magistrate_n bring_v into_o the_o session_n and_o thence_o into_o the_o conclave_n to_o his_o fellow_n without_o suffer_v he_o to_o speak_v or_o talk_v with_o any_o man_n by_o the_o way_n thereby_o to_o exclude_v all_o ambition_n and_o subornation_n out_o of_o the_o session_n which_o the_o will_n of_o our_o ancestor_n be_v shall_v be_v handle_v with_o all_o uprightness_n and_o sincerity_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o forty_o design_a citizen_n do_v come_v together_o unaware_o and_o be_v come_v together_o the_o council_n be_v present_o dismiss_v then_o these_o forty_o do_v come_v forth_o again_o out_o of_o the_o closet_n into_o a_o large_a and_o open_a hall_n before_o the_o counsellor_n and_o there_o by_o the_o same_o manner_n of_o lottery_n as_o be_v 12._o the_o 40._o reduce_v to_o 12._o before_o
so_o wise_a and_o virtuous_a and_o of_o such_o steadfast_a constancic_n that_o no_o perturbation_n be_v able_a to_o make_v his_o mind_n recoil_v from_o his_o duty_n yet_o neither_o on_o this_o condition_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o man_n to_o be_v wish_v for_o before_o the_o government_n of_o law_n for_o he_o be_v of_o a_o mortal_a &_o frail_a nature_n can_v not_o long_o enjoy_v that_o function_n when_o law_n as_o i_o say_v do_v in_o a_o manner_n concur_v with_o eternity_n by_o these_o i_o think_v it_o sufficient_o persuade_v that_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o government_n shall_v be_v recommend_v not_o to_o man_n but_o to_o law_n to_o who_o will_n yet_o some_o few_o thing_n may_v be_v permit_v that_o be_v not_o well_o in_o law_n to_o be_v comprehend_v nevertheless_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o there_o be_v law_n a_o guardian_n of_o the_o law_n make_v a_o certain_a guardian_n as_o liestenant_n and_o minister_v of_o the_o law_n who_o may_v govern_v the_o commonwealth_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n and_o because_o all_o those_o thing_n that_o come_v into_o judgement_n can_v be_v comprehend_v in_o law_n that_o he_o then_o be_v a_o arbyter_n &_o ruler_n of_o those_o matter_n that_o be_v in_o question_n now_o again_o return_v that_o controversy_n of_o constitution_n of_o law_n which_o law_n whether_o a_o few_o or_o the_o whole_a multitude_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o defence_n of_o of_o the_o law_n to_o some_o may_v seem_v already_o decide_v that_o be_v to_o say_v whether_o one_o or_o a_o few_o or_o the_o whole_a multitude_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o law_n &_o to_o judge_v those_o thing_n that_o do_v not_o fall_v into_o the_o comprehension_n of_o law_n and_o though_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o many_o man_n the_o kingly_a domination_n be_v of_o high_a esteem_n and_o great_a account_n nevertheless_o i_o shall_v think_v that_o though_o the_o principality_n of_o one_o alone_a that_o shall_v lawful_o and_o by_o right_a challenge_n to_o himself_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o king_n if_o the_o matter_n be_v by_o itself_o consider_v shall_v seem_v of_o all_o other_o the_o best_a yet_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o brevity_n of_o life_n and_o man_n frail_a disposition_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n incline_v to_o the_o worse_a part_n the_o government_n of_o the_o multitude_n be_v far_o more_o convenient_a to_o the_o assembly_n of_o citizen_n which_o experience_n the_o mistress_n of_o all_o thing_n do_v elegant_o teach_v we_o because_o that_o we_o have_v not_o read_v that_o there_o be_v among_o auncientes_n any_o sovereignty_n of_o a_o king_n neither_o have_v we_o in_o our_o time_n see_v any_o that_o have_v not_o soon_o decline_v into_o tyranny_n on_o the_o contrary_a side_n many_o commonwealthe_n that_o have_v continue_v prosperous_o many_o age_n and_o flourish_v both_o in_o peace_n and_o war_n yet_o be_v the_o whole_a multitude_n of_o itself_o unapt_a to_o govern_v unless_o the_o same_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n combine_v together_o for_o contain_v no_o civil_a society_n can_v remain_v perfect_a unless_o the_o same_o be_v in_o a_o unity_n contain_v there_o can_v be_v a_o multitude_n without_o the_o same_o be_v in_o some_o unity_n contain_v so_o that_o the_o civil_a society_n which_o consist_v in_o a_o certain_a unity_n will_v be_v dissolve_v if_o the_o multitude_n become_v not_o one_o by_o some_o mean_n of_o reason_n so_o that_o the_o best_a philosopher_n and_o those_o that_o have_v learnedly_a write_v of_o the_o order_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n judge_v that_o in_o the_o government_n thereof_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o temperature_n between_o the_o state_n of_o nobility_n &_o popular_a sort_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o either_o governmental_a one_o may_v be_v avoid_v and_o the_o commodity_n of_o both_o joint_o enjoy_v for_o which_o cause_n they_o do_v high_o war_n the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n govern_v by_o the_o king_n the_o ephore_n &_o the_o senate_n the_o same_o whole_o institute_v to_o the_o office_n &_o exercise_n of_o war_n commend_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n in_o which_o the_o king_n the_o ephore_n &_o the_o senate_n make_v a_o certain_a mixture_n so_o that_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o decipher_v under_o what_o sort_n of_o government_n the_o same_o can_v be_v place_v only_o this_o they_o reprehend_v that_o it_o be_v only_o institute_v to_o the_o office_n of_o war_n without_o any_o regard_n of_o the_o office_n of_o peace_n &_o quietness_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o same_o be_v glorious_a and_o renown_v in_o many_o excellent_a virtue_n so_o soon_o as_o ever_o it_o begin_v to_o live_v at_o quiet_a present_o decline_v &_o at_o length_n utter_o fall_v to_o ruin_v which_o also_o and_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n befall_v the_o roman_n neither_o be_v the_o event_n thereof_o unforeseene_v of_o sundry_a of_o the_o chief_a senator_n commonwealth_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_a &_o roman_a commonwealth_n among_o the_o which_o nasica_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o carthage_n though_o envious_a of_o the_o roman_a greatness_n and_o as_o it_o be_v in_o competency_n withal_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v be_v ruin_v to_o the_o end_n that_o rome_n may_v still_o have_v a_o enemy_n with_o who_o to_o occupy_v itself_o in_o arm_n lest_o their_o enemy_n and_o corrival_n be_v take_v away_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v institute_v to_o war_n and_o the_o youth_n nourish_v in_o arm_n they_o shall_v turn_v their_o weapon_n upon_o themselves_o which_o counsel_n of_o nasica_n though_o it_o be_v then_o refuse_v of_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o contrary_n decree_v nevertheless_o the_o event_n prove_v the_o same_o to_o have_v be_v most_o wise_a &_o prudent_a for_o carthage_n be_v destroy_v present_o in_o a_o manner_n they_o burst_v out_o into_o civil_a war_n through_o which_o at_o length_n the_o same_o be_v the_o most_o flourish_a &_o mighty_a commonwealth_n that_o ever_o be_v fall_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o that_o city_n abound_v in_o such_o opulency_n as_o be_v in_o manner_n queen_n of_o the_o world_n become_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o barbarous_a but_o to_o come_v now_o at_o length_n to_o our_o determine_a task_n it_o appear_v that_o our_o ancestor_n which_o institute_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n be_v man_n endue_v with_o admirable_a wisdom_n and_o virtue_n in_o that_o they_o omit_v nothing_o which_o may_v seem_v to_o pertain_v to_o the_o right_a institution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n for_o first_o they_o ordain_v the_o whole_a life_n and_o exercise_n of_o their_o citizen_n to_o the_o use_n and_o office_n of_o virtue_n and_o always_o with_o great_a regard_n and_o reckon_n apply_v their_o mind_n to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o peace_n then_o to_o glory_n of_o war_n war_n the_o venetian_n apply_v their_o mind_n more_o to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o peace_n then_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o war_n bend_v always_o their_o chief_a care_n and_o study_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o civil_a concord_n and_o agreement_n among_o themselves_o not_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n neglect_v warlike_a office_n such_o i_o mean_v as_o be_v fit_n and_o convenient_a for_o our_o city_n of_o which_o the_o situation_n be_v such_o that_o it_o serve_v well_o and_o be_v commodious_a for_o war_n by_o sea_n but_o unfit_a for_o war_n by_o land_n for_o neither_o squadron_n of_o horseman_n nor_o troop_n of_o footman_n can_v by_o any_o mean_n be_v accommodate_v thereunto_o as_o by_o my_o former_a description_n thereof_o may_v easy_o be_v conjecture_v beside_o they_o use_v such_o a_o moderation_n and_o temperature_n and_o such_o a_o mixture_n of_o all_o estate_n that_o this_o only_a city_n retain_v a_o princely_a sovereignty_n a_o government_n of_o the_o nobility_n &_o a_o popular_a authority_n so_o that_o the_o form_n of_o they_o all_o seem_v to_o be_v equal_o balance_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o pair_n of_o weight_n as_o more_o plain_o hereafter_o shall_v appear_v but_o now_o final_o to_o come_v to_o the_o institution_n of_o our_o venetian_a commonwealth_n the_o whole_a authority_n of_o the_o city_n from_o who_o decree_n and_o law_n aswell_o the_o senate_n as_o all_o other_o venice_n the_o great_a council_n in_o which_o consift_v the_o whole_a authority_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n magistrate_n derive_v their_o power_n and_o authority_n be_v in_o that_o council_n into_o which_o all_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o city_n be_v once_o past_o the_o age_n of_o 25._o year_n be_v admit_v and_o sundry_a of_o they_o not_o yet_o come_v to_o that_o age_n so_o that_o they_o be_v full_a twenty_o which_o privilege_n they_o obtain_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o lot_n of_o which_o hereafter_o we_o will_v discourse_v the_o whole_a manner_n now_o first_o i_o be_o to_o yield_v you_o a_o reckon_n how_o and_o with_o what_o wisdom_n
&_o unpleasing_a but_o that_o the_o reward_n which_o be_v honour_n follow_v sweeten_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o great_a philosopher_n so_o that_o aristotle_n say_v in_o his_o ethike_n see_v those_o that_o do_v right_o &_o holy_o perform_v their_o office_n in_o government_n have_v more_o respect_n to_o the_o profit_n of_o other_o man_n than_o their_o own_o there_o can_v by_o any_o other_o mean_n be_v return_v unto_o they_o a_o due_a and_o equivalent_a recompense_n but_o only_o by_o make_v they_o to_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n in_o honour_n and_o dignity_n moreover_o the_o dignity_n of_o this_o prince_n cause_v all_o the_o other_o citizen_n exceed_o to_o fear_v his_o reprehension_n and_o perform_v the_o office_n in_o which_o they_o be_v place_v with_o the_o great_a fidelity_n &_o care_n there_o be_v to_o the_o prince_n adjoin_v six_o counsellor_n of_o city_n six_o counsellor_n choose_v out_o of_o six_o quarter_n of_o the_o city_n six_o tribe_n into_o which_o the_o city_n be_v divide_v every_o tribe_n choose_v one_o their_o office_n continue_v eight_o month_n &_o they_o be_v continual_o at_o the_o princess_n elbow_n nothing_o be_v say_v unto_o the_o prince_n but_o they_o do_v hear_v it_o no_o letter_n be_v send_v forth_o but_o such_o as_o shall_v seem_v good_a and_o allowable_a to_o four_o of_o those_o counsellor_n who_o also_o do_v in_o the_o letter_n subscribe_v their_o name_n yet_o not_o in_o those_o letter_n which_o be_v send_v forth_o but_o in_o those_o which_o be_v first_o write_v by_o the_o secretary_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v reserve_v &_o the_o copy_n of_o they_o send_v forth_o in_o which_o also_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o those_o letter_n which_o be_v send_v not_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n but_o by_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o counsellor_n as_o they_o never_o contain_v but_o matter_n of_o small_a importance_n so_o be_v they_o of_o small_a authority_n for_o as_o we_o have_v often_o say_v all_o authority_n and_o power_n be_v only_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o council_n no_o one_o magistrate_n have_v of_o himself_o any_o ample_a authority_n but_o of_o the_o counsellor_n we_o will_v speak_v more_o hereafter_o now_o i_o will_v return_v to_o the_o prince_n or_o duke_n the_o prince_n therefore_o be_v honour_v with_o this_o kingly_a appearance_n and_o show_n because_o oftentimes_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o private_a wealth_n suffice_v not_o to_o maintain_v so_o great_a dignity_n and_o pomp_n there_o be_v allow_v unto_o the_o duke_n out_o of_o the_o common_a treasure_n yearly_a three_o thousand_o and_o five_o hundred_o crown_n of_o gold_n and_o to_o the_o end_n lest_o some_o one_o covetous_a of_o increase_v his_o substance_n shall_v neglect_v the_o honour_n &_o dignity_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n &_o convert_v that_o money_n to_o his_o private_a use_n there_o be_v certain_a charge_n impose_v upon_o he_o which_o at_o his_o own_o cost_n he_o must_v see_v defray_v with_o a_o especial_a care_n of_o the_o service_n &_o dignity_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o if_o through_o avarice_n or_o spare_v of_o money_n he_o neglect_v there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o fine_a and_o amercement_n set_v upon_o the_o head_n of_o his_o heir_n that_o while_o by_o increase_v his_o private_a wealth_n and_o dispense_n with_o his_o honour_n and_o dignity_n he_o shall_v think_v to_o enrich_v they_o he_o shall_v in_o a_o manner_n utter_o undoo_v they_o beside_o the_o leave_n of_o a_o eternal_a blot_n and_o ignominy_n to_o his_o posterity_n he_o maintain_v of_o his_o own_o charge_n many_o servant_n or_o as_o you_o will_v say_v of_o his_o guard_n but_o yet_o such_o as_o wear_v no_o weapon_n he_o always_o use_v costly_a garment_n he_o dwell_v in_o a_o palace_n wonderful_o adorn_v with_o goodly_a chamber_n and_o tapestry_n abound_v with_o vessel_n of_o silver_n and_o all_o other_o such_o furniture_n as_o be_v beseem_v the_o degree_n of_o a_o prince_n four_o time_n a_o year_n he_o make_v a_o solemn_a and_o sumptuous_a banquet_n to_o citizen_n four_o time_n a_o year_n the_o duke_n banket_v the_o citizen_n above_o threescore_o citizen_n the_o same_o be_v order_v and_o set_v forth_o with_o all_o the_o magnificency_n that_o may_v be_v where_o in_o our_o predecessor_n bring_v into_o our_o commonwealth_n the_o ancient_a order_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o lacedaemon_n and_o crete_n who_o commonwealthe_n be_v noble_a and_o glorious_a but_o with_o a_o much_o better_a moderation_n and_o order_n for_o they_o because_o they_o think_v the_o often_o meet_v of_o the_o citizen_n be_v a_o mean_a to_o combine_v they_o together_o in_o friendship_n institute_v certain_a public_a feast_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o common_a treasure_n to_o which_o the_o citizen_n assemble_v have_v mean_n one_o to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o other_o and_o withal_o by_o so_o friendly_a a_o meeting_n to_o confirm_v a_o new_a friend_n ship_n but_o see_v that_o they_o all_o go_v confuse_o together_o those_o assembly_n can_v not_o be_v without_o trouble_n &_o tumult_n and_o beside_o when_o those_o that_o be_v to_o feast_v &_o banquet_v the_o rest_n do_v desire_n to_o do_v it_o with_o daintiness_n and_o magnificence_n there_o can_v not_o but_o ensue_v a_o great_a waist_n of_o the_o common_a treasure_n therefore_o with_o a_o certain_a amendment_n &_o moderation_n be_v that_o ancient_a manner_n bring_v in_o use_n among_o the_o venetian_n and_o the_o whole_a care_n and_o order_n thereof_o commit_v to_o the_o prince_n four_o time_n a_o year_n therefore_o be_v the_o citizen_n banquet_v of_o the_o prince_n with_o fare_n true_o honourable_a and_o dainty_a and_o yet_o for_o the_o exceedingness_n thereof_o not_o to_o be_v envy_v neither_o do_v every_o one_o come_v unorderly_o as_o it_o please_v he_o but_o those_o who_o the_o prince_n shall_v vouchsafe_v to_o call_v unless_o it_o be_v the_o counsellor_n the_o aduocator_n the_o precedent_n of_o the_o xl_o man_n &_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o ten_o who_o in_o pre-eminence_n of_o their_o office_n be_v usual_o present_a at_o the_o princess_n banquet_n the_o other_o citizen_n come_v not_o but_o invite_v these_o four_o feast_n be_v in_o this_o sort_n divide_v that_o the_o elder_n and_o worthy_a citizen_n be_v invite_v do_v in_o the_o winter_n time_n upon_o s._n stephen_n day_n assemble_v themselves_o in_o the_o public_a palace_n appoint_v for_o the_o princess_n habitation_n and_o with_o a_o solemn_a pomp_n wait_v upon_o the_o prince_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o church_n of_o s._n mark_v and_o there_o be_v present_a with_o he_o at_o mass_n which_o be_v end_v than_o they_o wait_v upon_o he_o back_o to_o his_o house_n again_o and_o there_o be_v partaker_n of_o his_o banquet_n likewise_o in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n on_o the_o day_n of_o saint_n mark_v who_o memory_n be_v with_o exceed_a honour_n solemnize_v of_o the_o venetian_n as_o entitul_a he_o their_o patron_n and_o defender_n ever_o since_o the_o relic_n of_o his_o body_n be_v bring_v unto_o venice_n from_o forth_o of_o alexandria_n a_o noble_a city_n of_o egypt_n the_o citizen_n of_o less_o age_n and_o dignity_n invite_v of_o the_o prince_n do_v in_o like_a manner_n after_o the_o solemnity_n in_o the_o church_n be_v end_v convey_v he_o home_o and_o dine_v with_o he_o three_o upon_o ascention_n day_n be_v the_o day_n of_o the_o great_a fair_a at_o venice_n they_o be_v invite_v and_o admit_v to_o the_o prince_n banquet_n that_o be_v full_o arrive_v and_o enter_v into_o that_o age_n which_o we_o call_v virilis_n or_o man_n estate_n these_o also_o do_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n wait_v upon_o the_o duke_n from_o his_o house_n and_o go_v aboard_o a_o ship_n gorgeous_o trim_v and_o set_v forth_o reserve_v only_o to_o that_o use_n and_o be_v by_o the_o venetian_n call_v bucentoro_fw-it so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v pass_v the_o marsh_n and_o come_v to_o behold_v the_o plain_a and_o open_a sea_n by_o a_o ancient_a indulgence_n of_o the_o high_a bishop_n who_o honour_v this_o commonwealth_n of_o we_o in_o regard_n of_o many_o notable_a exploit_n by_o it_o achieve_v against_o the_o gold_n the_o dake_n of_o venice_n marry_v the_o sea_n with_o a_o ring_n of_o gold_n enemy_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n the_o prince_n throw_v a_o ring_n of_o gold_n into_o the_o sea_n use_v in_o a_o manner_n these_o speech_n that_o with_o that_o ring_n he_o do_v betrothe_v himself_o to_o the_o sea_n in_o token_n of_o a_o true_a and_o perpetual_a empire_n to_o this_o there_o be_v add_v certain_a ceremony_n by_o the_o patriarch_n of_o the_o city_n which_o be_v end_v they_o land_n at_o the_o church_n dedicate_v to_o saint_n nicholaus_fw-la a_o thing_n of_o great_a antiquity_n build_v upon_o that_o shore_n or_o bank_n which_o divide_v the_o sea_n from_o the_o lake_n there_o the_o holy_a mystery_n
choke_v and_o dry_v up_o those_o lake_n time_n have_v by_o little_a and_o little_a by_o the_o descent_n of_o those_o land_n river_n effect_v it_o without_o any_o foreign_a violence_n in_o despite_n of_o all_o the_o defence_n oppose_v by_o the_o venetian_n the_o great_a encompass_v bank_n have_v in_o manner_n as_o many_o rupture_n and_o passage_n as_o be_v the_o great_a river_n that_o descend_v into_o the_o lake_n at_o which_o the_o tide_n of_o the_o sea_n go_v in_o &_o out_o ebb_v and_o flow_v every_o six_o hour_n by_o turn_n the_o flood_n never_o arise_v high_a than_o four_o foot_n within_o the_o gulf_n unless_o sometime_o when_o the_o wind_n seirocco_n blow_v with_o a_o extraordinary_a violence_n &_o then_o sometime_o it_o arise_v to_o the_o height_n of_o seven_o foot_n sebastian_n munster_n description_n of_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n venice_n be_v first_o the_o name_n of_o a_o province_n and_o not_o of_o a_o city_n there_o be_v many_o other_o town_n in_o italy_n of_o great_a antiquity_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 300._o there_o come_v out_o of_o scythia_n a_o barbarous_a people_n call_v hun_n overrun_v sundry_a nation_n of_o europe_n with_o exceed_a terror_n and_o cruelty_n their_o first_o vagabond_a race_n be_v into_o thracia_n and_o thence_o they_o pass_v through_o mesia_n &_o illiria_n into_o italy_n the_o venetian_n that_o then_o inhabit_v a_o province_n upon_o the_o firm_a land_n on_o the_o adriatic_a shore_n hear_v of_o their_o arrival_n flee_v into_o the_o sea_n seat_v themselves_o there_o in_o little_a island_n of_o which_o there_o be_v many_o at_o hand_n live_v for_o the_o most_o part_n there_o by_o fish_v call_v the_o rialto_n why_o to_o call_v at_o length_n they_o begin_v to_o build_v upon_o these_o island_n chief_o upon_o that_o which_o be_v call_v rivo_n alto_fw-mi to_o call_v because_o the_o water_n be_v more_o deep_a than_o there_o about_o the_o other_o island_n or_o else_o because_o that_o island_n be_v more_o eminent_a than_o the_o rest_n in_o short_a space_n the_o devastation_n and_o cruelty_n wrought_v by_o attyla_n upon_o the_o neighbour_a land_n town_n as_o aquileia_n concordia_n alcina_n padova_n optergia_n heraclia_n aquilius_n grado_n capreola_n and_o lauretta_n do_v as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o revolution_n give_v a_o speedy_a beginning_n to_o the_o rise_a greatness_n of_o venice_n the_o first_o founder_n thereof_o be_v those_o of_o padova_n in_o short_a time_n it_o increase_v in_o opulence_n and_o riches_n and_o grow_v mighty_a both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n conquer_a many_o realm_n city_n and_o land_n of_o which_o the_o turk_n in_o our_o time_n have_v take_v some_o from_o they_o sea_n he_o mean_v that_o she_o be_v commandress_n of_o the_o adtiatique_a sea_n in_o fine_a this_o noble_a goodly_a and_o magnificent_a city_n be_v become_v queen_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o inhabit_v by_o people_n of_o sundry_a nation_n and_o traffic_v to_o by_o merchant_n from_o out_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n there_o a_o man_n may_v hear_v all_o language_n and_o see_v all_o diversity_n of_o garment_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o only_a tribute_n which_o the_o state_n raise_v of_o wine_n sterling_a six_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a salt_n and_o other_o thing_n amount_v to_o two_o million_o of_o ducat_n beside_o the_o other_o tribute_n and_o rent_n which_o they_o raise_v of_o such_o city_n as_o be_v under_o their_o subjection_n the_o first_o create_v a_o duke_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 700._o before_o time_n their_o commonwealth_n be_v govern_v by_o tribune_n but_o afterwards_o by_o reason_n of_o discord_n between_o themselves_o &_o many_o attempt_n enterprise_v against_o they_o by_o the_o lombaras_n by_o common_a &_o general_a confent_n they_o elect_v a_o duke_n to_o maintain_v they_o in_o concord_n and_o to_o defend_v their_o liberty_n but_o in_o succession_n of_o time_n mislike_v their_o government_n they_o put_v many_o of_o their_o duke_n to_o a_o shameful_a death_n they_o slay_v vrsus_fw-la their_n three_o duke_n in_o a_o sedition_n and_o put_v out_o both_o the_o eye_n of_o theodore_n his_o diendome_n munster_n call_v this_o theodore_n diendome_n son_n after_o he_o have_v likewise_o rule_v they_o awhile_o they_o hang_v obleno_fw-it their_o 10._o duke_n upon_o a_o gibbet_n and_o afterwards_o tear_v he_o to_o piece_n they_o murder_v the_o thirteen_o in_o the_o church_n and_o burn_v the_o fourteen_o in_o his_o palace_n the_o year_n 958._o they_o put_v the_o fifteen_o into_o a_o cloister_n they_o banish_v the_o 28._o and_o stone_v to_o death_n the_o 45._o call_v rinaldo_n they_o imprison_v the_o 46._o and_o behead_v the_o 55._o these_o and_o other_o thing_n be_v write_v of_o the_o venetian_n and_o their_o duke_n but_o gasper_n contareno_n that_o have_v write_v express_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n be_v himself_o a_o senator_n of_o the_o city_n touch_v not_o at_o all_o the_o miserable_a end_n of_o these_o duke_n his_o attire_n be_v no_o whit_n different_a from_o that_o which_o king_n do_v use_v for_o his_o garment_n be_v all_o of_o purple_a or_o rich_a cloth_n of_o gold_n he_o wear_v on_o his_o head_n a_o royal_a diadem_n make_v of_o linen_n which_o be_v environ_v with_o a_o hood_n of_o purple_a about_o which_o there_o go_v a_o little_a crown_n of_o gold_n when_o he_o enter_v into_o the_o senate_n he_o have_v his_o throne_n gorgeous_o adorn_v and_o the_o senator_n speak_v unto_o he_o with_o their_o head_n bare_a stand_v up_o as_o before_o a_o prince_n all_o letter_n send_v and_o receive_v be_v direct_v and_o sign_v to_o and_o by_o the_o duke_n the_o law_n be_v publish_v in_o his_o name_n and_o their_o coin_n stamp_v with_o his_o name_n and_o image_n in_o fine_a the_o duke_n in_o all_o thing_n represente_v the_o person_n of_o a_o king_n before_o his_o subject_n save_v that_o he_o have_v not_o the_o bridle_n of_o full_a authority_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n to_o make_v he_o appear_v with_o the_o great_a magnificence_n and_o pomp_n they_o allow_v he_o out_o of_o the_o common_a treasure_n 1500._o crown_n which_o he_o may_v not_o turn_v to_o his_o particular_a use_n but_o on_o such_o thing_n as_o pertain_v to_o the_o greatness_n and_o train_n of_o a_o prince_n otherwise_o his_o heir_n shall_v be_v sure_a to_o pay_v the_o amends_n of_o so_o great_a dishonour_n after_o his_o death_n he_o must_v of_o his_o own_o charge_n maintain_v a_o great_a troop_n of_o servant_n to_o follow_v he_o when_o he_o go_v abroad_o and_o to_o make_v every_o year_n four_o banquet_n to_o the_o senator_n and_o gentleman_n upon_o ascention_n day_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o his_o predecessor_n he_o go_v aboard_o a_o fine_a ship_n curious_o trim_v and_o set_v forth_o and_o in_o company_n of_o the_o bishop_n biâ—entorie_n the_o ship_n be_v call_v the_o biâ—entorie_n and_o other_o senator_n launch_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n throw_v a_o ring_n into_o the_o same_o with_o express_a word_n that_o he_o marry_v the_o sea_n in_o perpetual_a dominion_n and_o rule_v the_o bishop_n also_o use_v certain_a ceremony_n which_o be_v end_v they_o depart_v the_o election_n of_o the_o duke_n be_v in_o such_o sort_n by_o lot_n that_o no_o man_n ambition_n brybery_n or_o subornation_n may_v stand_v he_o any_o way_n in_o stead_n present_o upon_o his_o choice_n he_o be_v bear_v by_o the_o mariner_n with_o great_a pomp_n to_o the_o place_n of_o s._n mark_v throw_v all_o the_o while_n money_z about_z in_o the_o street_n till_o such_o time_n as_o he_o come_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o diadem_n be_v put_v on_o his_o head_n touch_v their_o rent_n riches_n common_a treasure_n revenue_n tribute_n exaction_n and_o custom_n that_o they_o levy_v out_o of_o the_o city_n that_o be_v under_o they_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o give_v a_o just_a reckon_n but_o it_o be_v write_v that_o they_o do_v sometime_o charge_v their_o subject_n with_o very_a heavy_a tribute_n charlemagne_n grant_v great_a privilege_n to_o the_o venetian_n for_o which_o notwithstanding_o they_o be_v unthankful_a and_o secret_o send_v aid_n to_o nicephorus_n emperor_n of_o constantinople_n that_o be_v his_o enemy_n whereat_o charlemagne_n be_v aggrieve_v send_v his_o son_n pepin_n who_o he_o have_v make_v king_n of_o italy_n to_o be_v revenge_v so_o that_o pepin_n levy_v a_o great_a army_n chase_v they_o to_o the_o rialto_n where_o he_o intend_v to_o assault_v they_o and_o to_o that_o end_n make_v a_o great_a long_a bridge_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o tempestuous_a weather_n his_o bridge_n break_v and_o his_o enterprise_n fail_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 810._o certain_a merchant_n bring_v the_o body_n of_o s._n mark_v from_o alexandria_n to_o venice_n venice_n the_o body_n of_o s._n mark_v when_o bring_v unto_o venice_n in_o who_o honour_n they_o do_v build_v that_o most_o goodly_a &_o
equal_a with_o the_o number_n of_o the_o name_n write_v in_o the_o first_o every_o one_o have_v his_o mark_n the_o five_o part_n of_o these_o ball_n be_v guild_v with_o gold_n the_o rest_n with_o silver_n the_o prince_n take_v out_o of_o the_o first_o pot_n the_o name_n and_o then_o out_o of_o the_o next_o pot_n the_o ball_n which_o if_o he_o be_v of_o the_o golden_a sort_n the_o young_a man_n who_o name_n be_v draw_v have_v present_o the_o authority_n of_o public_a power_n and_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o great_a counsel_n but_o if_o it_o be_v of_o the_o silver_a he_o leese_v for_o that_o time_n his_o right_n and_o expect_v his_o fortune_n of_o the_o year_n to_o come_v unless_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o accomplish_v the_o 25._o year_n of_o his_o age_n for_o every_o gentleman_n come_v to_o that_o age_n have_v present_o the_o right_a of_o a_o citizen_n and_o be_v make_v partaker_n of_o the_o public_a authority_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o five_o part_n of_o the_o noble_a young_a man_n that_o put_v themselves_o to_o this_o trial_n be_v every_o year_n admit_v and_o enable_v to_o give_v his_o voice_n with_o the_o other_o citizen_n but_o if_o it_o so_o happen_v that_o the_o father_n or_o grandfather_n of_o any_o gentleman_n either_o in_o regard_n of_o absence_n or_o other_o cause_n have_v never_o use_v this_o public_a right_n nor_o his_o name_n never_o be_v register_v in_o the_o common_a book_n that_o contain_v the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n lest_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o fraud_n use_v or_o lest_o any_o bastard_n shall_v under_o hand_n enter_v into_o this_o company_n of_o noble_a no_o bastard_n admit_v for_o noble_a gentleman_n they_o will_v not_o that_o this_o matter_n shall_v be_v judge_v and_o determine_v of_o only_a by_o the_o office_n of_o the_o advocatory_a magistrate_n but_o it_o be_v provide_v for_o by_o a_o law_n that_o they_o shall_v prove_v their_o nobility_n by_o witness_n and_o public_a writing_n and_o that_o the_o advocator_n shall_v make_v â—…_n the_o counsel_n of_o the_o â—…_n report_n over_o to_o the_o forty_o man_n and_o so_o the_o cause_n be_v understand_v and_o thorough_o examine_v and_o debate_v of_o by_o the_o forty_o man_n it_o be_v at_o length_n judge_v whether_o the_o party_n pretend_v be_v to_o be_v admit_v for_o noble_a or_o no._n but_o to_o the_o end_n that_o no_o one_o shall_v scotfree_a adventure_v the_o trial_n of_o this_o judgement_n it_o be_v also_o provide_v that_o whosoever_o shall_v undertake_v this_o proof_n of_o his_o nobility_n shall_v first_o bring_v unto_o the_o magistrate_n five_o hundred_o crown_n of_o gold_n by_o they_o to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o treasure_n in_o case_n the_o pretendant_n speed_v not_o in_o his_o suit_n such_o be_v the_o diligence_n of_o our_o ancestor_n to_o the_o end_n that_o this_o congregation_n of_o nobility_n shall_v no_o way_n be_v defile_v for_o which_o cause_n those_o very_a citizen_n which_o be_v noble_o bear_v and_o have_v past_o their_o 25._o year_n obtain_v not_o yet_o the_o authority_n of_o give_v their_o voice_n till_o be_v so_o present_v before_o the_o magistrate_n they_o prove_v the_o accomplishment_n of_o the_o age_n by_o the_o oath_n of_o their_o father_n mother_n or_o near_a kinsman_n and_o also_o by_o two_o witness_n that_o they_o be_v bear_v of_o that_o gentleman_n who_o they_o say_v be_v their_o father_n not_o bastard_n nor_o of_o a_o mother_n any_o way_n reproach_v now_o that_o we_o have_v express_v the_o whole_a manner_n by_o which_o the_o citizen_n do_v enter_v into_o the_o public_a authority_n i_o think_v it_o worthy_a to_o be_v mark_v that_o our_o ancestor_n do_v deem_v it_o a_o thing_n of_o great_a moment_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o citizen_n in_o unity_n and_o love_n if_o they_o do_v often_o meet_a and_o assemble_v together_o therefore_o as_o well_o by_o law_n as_o by_o prescription_n of_o time_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n that_o this_o day_n the_o great_a council_n assemble_v every_o eight_o day_n great_a counsel_n shall_v be_v assemble_v every_o eight_o day_n &_o sometime_o often_o the_o especial_a office_n of_o which_o be_v to_o create_v all_o the_o magistrate_n aswell_o those_o that_o administer_v justice_n in_o the_o city_n and_o enjoy_v other_o office_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o the_o senate_n the_o ten_o the_o praetor_n the_o captain_n and_o treasurer_n of_o castle_n and_o city_n which_o be_v under_o the_o fellowship_n of_o the_o venetian_a empire_n as_o also_o the_o governor_n of_o sortress_n the_o general_n of_o their_o navy_n their_o ambassador_n captain_n of_o their_o galley_n and_o final_o to_o conclude_v all_o in_o a_o word_n all_o those_o whosoever_o abroad_o or_o at_o home_n have_v charge_n under_o the_o commonwealth_n likewise_o all_o such_o law_n as_o pertain_v to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v enact_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o council_n which_o be_v especial_o use_v to_o be_v do_v when_o the_o duke_n be_v dead_a there_o be_v no_o new_a successor_n as_o yet_o create_v but_o this_o shall_v be_v speak_v of_o more_o hereafter_o now_o we_o will_v express_v the_o whole_a manner_n of_o create_v house_n the_o order_n of_o the_o session_n house_n magistrate_n every_o holiday_n in_o manner_n about_o noon_n this_o great_a council_n be_v assemble_v into_o a_o great_a and_o spacious_a keep_v ten_o very_o long_a bench_n in_o the_o hall_n where_o the_o great_a council_n be_v keep_v hall_n which_o we_o will_v call_v the_o session_n house_n there_o be_v in_o the_o same_o ten_o exceed_v long_o bench_n equal_v in_o manner_n the_o length_n of_o the_o hall_n the_o citizen_n sit_v down_o every_o one_o when_o they_o come_v where_o it_o please_v they_o for_o there_o be_v no_o place_n appoint_v to_o any_o except_o to_o some_o magistrate_n of_o chief_a authority_n as_o the_o duke_n the_o counsellor_n &_o the_o three_o precedent_n of_o the_o forty_o which_o sit_v on_o a_o high_a seat_n &_o only_o have_v authority_n to_o make_v report_n over_o to_o the_o great_a council_n after_o these_o the_o aduocatory_a magistrate_n and_o the_o three_o head_n of_o the_o ten_o sit_v down_o in_o their_o appoint_a place_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o certain_a bench_n that_o be_v also_o somewhat_o high_o than_o the_o rest_n &_o be_v close_o adjoin_v to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o hall_n &_o at_o length_n very_o far_o from_o the_o duke_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a auditor_n of_o who_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o hereafter_o but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o citizen_n as_o i_o say_v sit_v down_o without_o any_o place_n appoint_v where_o it_o please_v they_o then_o at_o a_o appoint_a hour_n the_o door_n of_o the_o session_n house_n be_v shut_v fast_o &_o the_o key_n bring_v to_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o prince_n &_o there_o lay_v at_o his_o foot_n then_o the_o chief_a chancellor_n which_o though_o it_o be_v not_o a_o honour_n of_o the_o nobility_n yet_o it_o be_v of_o very_o great_a dignity_n stand_v up_o &_o from_o a_o high_a eminent_a place_n declare_v what_o room_n and_o office_n be_v vacant_a &_o then_o to_o be_v provide_v for_o which_o be_v pronounce_v he_o pass_v straight_o from_o that_o place_n to_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o there_o with_o a_o loud_a voice_n cit_v the_o magistrate_n be_v president_n of_o the_o session_n as_o be_v say_v before_o that_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o prince_n or_o to_o the_o counsellor_n if_o the_o prince_n be_v away_o they_o be_v summon_v do_v present_o come_v and_o there_o with_o oath_n do_v promise_n to_o do_v their_o uttermost_a diligence_n that_o the_o law_n may_v be_v observe_v and_o that_o they_o will_v not_o in_o these_o office_n pronounce_v any_o citizen_n that_o shall_v any_o way_n have_v violate_v the_o decree_n but_o that_o they_o will_v cause_v such_o a_o one_o to_o be_v severe_o punish_v according_a to_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n which_o ceremony_n be_v end_v every_o one_o return_v to_o his_o place_n except_o one_o of_o the_o advocator_n and_o one_o of_o the_o head_n of_o the_o ten_o which_o go_v to_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o hall_n right_o opposite_a against_o the_o princess_n seat_n &_o there_o sit_v down_o in_o appoint_a place_n the_o other_o advocator_n sit_v down_o on_o the_o right_n fide_fw-la of_o the_o session_n house_n and_o the_o other_o head_n of_o the_o ten_o right_n over_o against_o they_o on_o the_o left_a side_n in_o like_a manner_n do_v the_o old_a and_o new_a auditor_n place_n themselves_o in_o the_o far_a seat_n of_o the_o hall_n which_o as_o i_o say_v be_v far_o distant_a from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o prince_n some_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n &_o some_o on_o the_o left_a to_o the_o end_n as_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o by_o this_o manner_n seat_v
be_v celebrate_v which_o be_v end_v they_o go_v aboard_o the_o ship_n again_o and_o return_v to_o venice_n attend_v on_o the_o prince_n home_o to_o his_o house_n where_o they_o dine_v with_o he_o the_o four_o and_o last_o banquet_n pertain_v to_o the_o young_a citizen_n who_o the_o twelve_o kalende_n of_o july_n on_o the_o day_n dedicate_v to_o the_o two_o martyr_n vitus_n and_o modestus_n do_v with_o solemn_a pomp_n wait_v upon_o the_o prince_n to_o the_o temple_n of_o those_o martyr_n which_o be_v situate_a near_o to_o the_o great_a channel_n that_o divide_v the_o city_n in_o the_o midst_n which_o channel_n be_v for_o that_o time_n conjoin_v with_o a_o bridge_n make_v upon_o two_o galley_n lest_o otherwise_o to_o make_v that_o journey_n will_v cost_v a_o very_a long_a and_o laboursome_a circuit_n and_o compass_n the_o church_n be_v visit_v and_o the_o solemnity_n in_o the_o church_n finish_v they_o attend_v upon_o the_o prince_n home_o to_o his_o palace_n where_o they_o be_v receive_v with_o a_o royal_a &_o magnificent_a banquet_n there_o be_v to_o these_o banquet_n admit_v dancer_n jester_n and_o excellent_a singer_n to_o recreate_v &_o delight_v the_o guest_n and_o withal_o certain_a sport_n and_o play_n be_v intermingle_v which_o do_v move_v exceed_v mirth_n and_o pleasure_n and_o this_o ancient_a custom_n be_v still_o observe_v in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n though_o somewhat_o moderate_v for_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o citizen_n in_o a_o manner_n of_o every_o degree_n yea_o equal_v with_o equal_n be_v entertain_v at_o the_o princess_n table_n which_o seem_v exceed_o well_o order_v and_o dispose_v as_o well_o for_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o prince_n as_o also_o for_o nourish_v &_o maintain_v love_n and_o good_a will_n among_o the_o citizen_n but_o because_o every_o citizen_n that_o be_v a_o gentleman_n can_v every_o year_n receive_v this_o grace_n of_o be_v invite_v it_o be_v by_o a_o old_a law_n ordain_v lest_o any_o one_o shall_v seem_v to_o be_v leave_v out_o that_o the_o prince_n shall_v in_o the_o winter_n time_n send_v to_o every_o citizen_n that_o have_v privilege_n of_o coin_n a_o strange_a ceremony_n observe_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o venice_n but_o now_o the_o same_o be_v alter_v &_o the_o wild_a duck_n change_v into_o a_o piece_n of_o silver_n coin_n voice_n in_o the_o great_a council_n five_a wild_a duck_v as_o a_o portion_n or_o share_n of_o the_o public_a banquet_n which_o likewise_o be_v a_o great_a mean_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o win_v the_o love_n and_o goodwill_n of_o the_o citizen_n in_o these_o chargeable_a expense_n do_v the_o duke_n yearly_a consume_v and_o spend_v a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o money_n which_o he_o receive_v out_o of_o the_o common_a treasure_n so_o that_o though_o the_o duke_n will_v be_v covetous_a yet_o can_v he_o in_o a_o manner_n stain_v with_o any_o baseness_n the_o nobleness_n &_o dignity_n of_o the_o place_n he_o hold_v here_o because_o the_o whole_a power_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n already_o express_v of_o we_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o declare_v in_o what_o season_n and_o time_n the_o beginning_n be_v of_o create_v a_o duke_n in_o venice_n and_o final_o what_o be_v the_o order_n of_o the_o session_n in_o his_o election_n venice_n the_o beginning_n of_o create_v a_o duke_n in_o venice_n immediate_o from_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o the_o city_n when_o the_o noble_a citizen_n of_o the_o venetian_a province_n their_o great_a city_n as_o aquileia_n altina_fw-la concordia_fw-la vderzo_n padova_n and_o many_o other_o of_o great_a opulencie_n and_o richesse_n be_v ruinate_v by_o the_o hun_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o attyla_n their_o captain_n who_o fill_v italy_n with_o fire_n and_o blood_n do_v assemble_v themselves_o in_o those_o flatte_n of_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n where_o venice_n since_o be_v build_v &_o every_o one_o of_o they_o have_v choose_v for_o his_o mansion_n those_o place_n which_o be_v near_a to_o the_o country_n which_o he_o have_v abandon_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o there_o be_v by_o they_o build_v about_o two_o and_o twenty_o town_n partly_o upon_o that_o shore_n or_o bank_n which_o enclose_v the_o inner_a lake_n partly_o upon_o certain_a hillock_n which_o appear_v out_o above_o the_o lake_n but_o in_o the_o beginning_n when_o those_o town_n be_v neither_o of_o themselves_o sufficient_o fortify_v and_o fence_v neither_o every_o of_o they_o so_o furnish_v with_o ship_v that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v the_o incursion_n of_o thief_n and_o pirate_n they_o think_v it_o meet_v see_v their_o fortune_n be_v all_o alike_o to_o govern_v their_o matter_n by_o a_o common_a council_n as_o well_o for_o the_o provision_n of_o corn_n wine_n fruit_n and_o other_o necessary_n as_o also_o the_o security_n of_o their_o person_n and_o family_n thereby_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o pirate_n and_o rover_n to_o which_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o weak_a scatter_a &_o unfortified_a town_n they_o lay_v in_o a_o manner_n open_a therefore_o when_o firstevery_n town_n have_v choose_v from_o out_o his_o other_o citizen_n a_o chief_a and_o sufficient_a man_n call_v he_o by_o tribune_n every_o town_n do_v choose_v a_o tribune_n the_o name_n or_o title_n of_o tribune_n they_o general_o altogether_o ordain_v that_o upon_o certain_a appoint_a day_n these_o tribune_n shall_v meet_v and_o consult_v together_o the_o common_a business_n but_o find_v in_o the_o end_n a_o inconvenience_n in_o the_o variety_n of_o so_o many_o opinion_n and_o authority_n and_o suffer_v withal_o many_o incommodity_n they_o think_v nothing_o will_v do_v better_a than_o to_o lay_v the_o whole_a charge_n of_o the_o general_a and_o common_a affair_n upon_o some_o one_o particular_a man_n who_o all_o the_o rest_n shall_v acknowledge_v as_o their_o prince_n and_o ruler_n it_o be_v therefore_o by_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o xxij_o town_n conclude_v and_o agree_v that_o heraclea_n the_o princess_n seat_n assign_v he_o in_o the_o town_n of_o heraclea_n there_o shall_v one_o duke_n or_o prince_n be_v choose_v &_o his_o seat_n assign_v he_o at_o the_o beginning_n in_o the_o town_n of_o heraclea_n situate_v on_o the_o inner_a side_n of_o the_o lake_n in_o a_o certain_a island_n near_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n piave_v which_o in_o our_o time_n by_o inundation_n of_o the_o flood_n be_v now_o join_v to_o the_o firm_a land_n but_o afterward_o this_o place_n seem_v unfit_a because_o it_o be_v far_o off_o so_o that_o many_o time_n afore_o the_o prince_n can_v have_v advertisement_n the_o pirate_n have_v already_o enter_v the_o lake_n oppress_v at_o unwares_o the_o inhabitant_n &_o spoil_v their_o ship_n therefore_o they_o think_v malamoco_n the_o princess_n seat_n transpose_v to_o malamoco_n it_o better_o that_o the_o prince_n leave_v heraclea_n shall_v plant_v his_o seat_n in_o malamoco_n a_o town_n seat_v upon_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o bank_n whence_o the_o duke_n may_v easy_o &_o soon_o have_v inkling_n of_o any_o whatsoever_o attempt_n of_o the_o pirate_n and_o italy_n pipin_n invade_v italy_n with_o small_a ado_n be_v at_o hand_n wheresoever_o his_o presence_n venice_n the_o princess_n seat_n last_o reduce_v to_o venice_n shall_v be_v requisite_a but_o at_o length_n when_o pipin_n even_o in_o those_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o venetian_a city_n threaten_v servitude_n &_o slaughter_n &_o they_o abandon_v in_o a_o manner_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o town_n they_o come_v altogether_o to_o rialto_n thither_o also_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o prince_n translate_v by_o which_o mean_v venice_n in_o time_n increase_v and_o grow_v into_o that_o greatness_n in_o which_o we_o now_o do_v see_v it_o so_o that_o by_o a_o perpetual_a continue_a custom_n even_o from_o the_o beginning_n there_o always_o be_v a_o prince_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o venetian_a commonwealth_n at_o first_o for_o a_o while_o their_o authority_n be_v great_a but_o afterwards_o be_v by_o use_n of_o time_n and_o experience_n teach_v they_o begin_v with_o wholesome_a statute_n and_o law_n to_o abridge_v his_o power_n bring_v it_o by_o degree_n into_o this_o temperature_n in_o which_o we_o now_o do_v see_v it_o venice_n the_o manner_n of_o choose_v the_o duke_n of_o venice_n the_o manner_n of_o choose_v a_o successor_n to_o the_o decease_a duke_n be_v at_o the_o first_o altogether_o simple_a and_o without_o ceremony_n for_o our_o ancestor_n be_v man_n of_o great_a soundness_n and_o integrity_n &_o free_a from_o all_o ambition_n do_v every_o one_o in_o his_o particular_a draw_v back_o from_o accept_v a_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a a_o charge_n so_o that_o by_o a_o general_a cry_n &_o acclamation_n of_o the_o people_n he_o be_v proclaim_v prince_n that_o be_v repute_v to_o be_v the_o honest_a &_o wise_a man_n but_o after_o those_o time_n the_o city_n and_o people_n
express_v twelve_o of_o the_o forty_o be_v choose_v and_o the_o other_o eight_o and_o twenty_o which_o remain_v be_v put_v back_o and_o forsake_v these_o twelve_o again_o do_v choose_v 25._o the_o twelve_o choose_v 25._o five_o and_o twenty_o other_o of_o which_o every_o one_o must_v have_v eight_o suffrage_n for_o under_o none_o may_v be_v choose_v which_o be_v end_v and_o do_v they_o present_o send_v word_n thereof_o by_o a_o messenger_n to_o the_o counsellor_n they_o if_o the_o season_n of_o the_o day_n serve_v do_v call_v and_o assemble_v the_o council_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n as_o before_o those_o five_o and_o twenty_o also_o unaware_o be_v assemble_v and_o gather_v together_o nine_o the_o 25._o reduce_v to_o nine_o and_o then_o the_o council_n be_v dismiss_v nine_o of_o they_o be_v by_o the_o same_o sort_n of_o lottery_n as_o before_o elect_v the_o rest_n do_v go_v their_o way_n these_o nine_o elect_v forty_o five_o other_o citizen_n but_o no_o one_o of_o they_o unless_o he_o have_v 6._o of_o 45._o the_o nine_o do_v elect_v 45._o the_o nine_o suffrage_n which_o in_o the_o council_n in_o like_a manner_n again_o assemble_v be_v pronounce_v of_o the_o secretary_n 11._o the_o 45._o reduce_v to_o 11._o and_o so_o put_v into_o the_o closet_n these_o by_o the_o like_a manner_n of_o duke_n the_o 11._o do_v elect_v 41._o who_o have_v authority_n to_o choose_v the_o duke_n lottery_n be_v reduce_v unto_o eleven_o who_o do_v choose_v one_o &_o forty_o of_o the_o chief_a and_o noble_a senator_n who_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v pronounce_v do_v present_o withdraw_v themselves_o into_o a_o several_a appoint_a room_n and_o these_o have_v authority_n to_o elect_v the_o duke_n but_o so_o that_o there_o may_v not_o be_v by_o any_o mean_v two_o of_o a_o kindred_n in_o the_o number_n of_o elector_n which_o be_v among_o the_o venetian_n a_o perpetual_a custom_n in_o all_o their_o office_n our_o ancestor_n be_v man_n most_o wise_a and_o virtuous_a election_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o intricate_a proceed_n in_o the_o duke_n election_n make_v choice_n of_o this_o strange_a and_o intricate_a proceed_n to_o the_o end_n the_o whole_a multitude_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v a_o part_n in_o this_o creation_n &_o election_n of_o their_o prince_n for_o the_o elector_n of_o the_o first_o order_n be_v make_v by_o lot_n of_o which_o all_o the_o citizen_n be_v capable_a next_o which_o they_o mingle_v election_n but_o in_o sort_n that_o election_n shall_v exceed_v the_o lottery_n because_o no_o man_n may_v receive_v any_o favour_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o lot_n unless_o the_o same_o be_v allow_v and_o approve_v of_o the_o first_o order_n but_o in_o the_o next_o order_n they_o will_v not_o that_o chance_n or_o lot_n shall_v have_v any_o force_n at_o all_o because_o they_o think_v it_o unfit_a and_o full_a of_o inconvenience_n to_o commit_v the_o choice_n of_o those_o that_o be_v to_o be_v elector_n of_o their_o prince_n to_o the_o temerity_n and_o arbiterment_n of_o fortune_n in_o sort_n that_o neither_o be_v the_o multitude_n whole_o deprive_v of_o this_o authority_n neither_o yet_o be_v the_o same_o commit_v to_o the_o waver_a wit_n of_o the_o inconsiderate_a people_n among_o who_o common_o a_o vain_a opinion_n and_o ungrounded_a favour_n may_v do_v more_o than_o a_o settle_a judgement_n of_o those_o that_o be_v wise_a and_o virtuous_a beside_o the_o not_o know_v who_o they_o be_v that_o be_v to_o be_v elector_n of_o the_o prince_n but_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o whole_a depend_v upon_o those_o that_o be_v fortunate_a in_o their_o lot_n all_o aspire_a pretension_n and_o ambition_n be_v thereby_o clear_o cut_v off_o and_o take_v away_o because_o it_o may_v easy_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o those_o with_o who_o there_o be_v any_o practice_n entertain_v shall_v not_o have_v any_o authority_n at_o all_o but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o matter_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o session_n be_v in_o this_o sort_n accomplish_v the_o one_o and_o forty_o elector_n of_o the_o prince_n immediate_o upon_o their_o election_n without_o salute_v or_o speak_v to_o any_o man_n do_v go_v into_o that_o court_n in_o which_o the_o senate_n be_v accustom_v to_o assemble_v where_o hear_v divine_a service_n which_o be_v celebrate_v with_o great_a solemnity_n &_o devotion_n lay_v their_o hand_n upon_o the_o altar_n they_o do_v promise_n with_o oath_n to_o god_n and_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o they_o will_v choose_v he_o for_o their_o duke_n who_o they_o shall_v esteem_v to_o be_v worthy_a and_o of_o best_a desert_n as_o well_o in_o love_n towards_o his_o country_n as_o in_o piety_n carefulness_n and_o prudence_n and_o then_o the_o priest_n depart_v they_o only_o be_v enclose_v &_o lock_v within_o the_o court_n alone_o without_o so_o much_o as_o a_o servant_n suffer_v to_o be_v among_o they_o then_o three_o of_o the_o elder_a do_v sit_v down_o by_o at_o a_o certain_a table_n fit_v for_o that_o purpose_n upon_o the_o which_o there_o stand_v a_o pot_n and_o every_o elector_n write_v in_o a_o little_a scrol_n the_o name_n of_o he_o who_o he_o think_v fit_n to_o be_v create_v duke_n which_o scroll_n be_v first_o all_o well_o meddle_v together_o be_v put_v into_o the_o pot_n of_o which_o one_o be_v take_v out_o such_o as_o shall_v by_o chance_n come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o he_o that_o take_v it_o forth_o the_o scroll_n be_v read_v he_o who_o name_n be_v therein_o contain_v if_o he_o be_v present_a as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o happen_v go_v present_o out_o of_o the_o court._n then_o if_o any_o shall_v think_v he_o to_o be_v a_o man_n unfit_a or_o uncapable_a or_o unworthy_a of_o so_o great_a a_o dignity_n or_o for_o any_o other_o cause_n shall_v not_o think_v his_o creation_n to_o be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o rise_v up_o and_o with_o a_o honest_a modesty_n speak_v his_o opinion_n declare_v the_o cause_n why_o he_o think_v it_o unmeet_a that_o he_o shall_v be_v choose_v and_o create_v duke_n when_o he_o have_v end_v his_o speech_n the_o party_n be_v call_v in_o again_o and_o the_o elder_a in_o the_o company_n declare_v the_o objection_n make_v against_o he_o always_o provide_v that_o he_o never_o name_v the_o author_n thereof_o for_o they_o be_v all_o first_o bind_v by_o solemn_a oath_n to_o observe_v perpetual_a silence_n he_o on_o the_o other_o side_n excuse_v and_o confute_v in_o the_o best_a sort_n he_o may_v the_o matter_n allege_v against_o he_o after_o which_o he_o avoyd_v the_o court_n again_o &_o then_o if_o the_o first_o or_o any_o other_o will_v charge_v he_o a_o fresh_a with_o any_o other_o matter_n it_o be_v in_o their_o liberty_n to_o do_v it_o and_o he_o again_o be_v call_v in_o have_v liberty_n to_o answer_v in_o his_o justification_n and_o so_o till_o the_o matter_n be_v by_o turn_n handle_v till_o his_o accuser_n be_v silent_a and_o have_v nothing_o any_o far_a to_o urge_v against_o he_o then_o at_o last_o go_v they_o to_o their_o lot_n somewhat_o before_o our_o time_n if_o the_o first_o have_v have_v 25._o suffrage_n in_o his_o favour_n than_o be_v there_o no_o far_o reckon_v make_v venice_n andrea_n gritti_n duke_n of_o venice_n of_o the_o rest_n but_o he_o be_v straight_o proclaim_v for_o duke_n but_o in_o our_o time_n in_o those_o session_n in_o which_o andrea_n gritti_n a_o most_o honourable_a senator_n be_v proclaim_v duke_n this_o custom_n be_v alter_v for_o although_o none_o be_v elect_v prince_n unless_o he_o have_v five_o and_o twenty_o suffrage_n yet_o the_o matter_n consist_v not_o as_o before_o it_o do_v in_o he_o that_o first_o obtain_v that_o number_n but_o proceed_v still_o forward_o to_o the_o rest_n so_o that_o if_o any_o go_v beyond_o that_o number_n he_o than_o be_v proclaim_v duke_n and_o not_o the_o former_a after_o the_o lottery_n be_v end_v concern_v he_o who_o name_n be_v first_o draw_v then_o be_v there_o a_o other_o scroll_n take_v forth_o of_o the_o pot_n and_o all_o thing_n concern_v the_o same_o order_v in_o every_o point_n as_o the_o former_a and_o so_o the_o third_o four_o &_o final_o all_o but_o if_o no_o one_o of_o the_o whole_a number_n have_v in_o his_o favour_n the_o complete_a sum_n of_o those_o suffrage_n then_o if_o the_o day_n be_v not_o too_o far_o spend_v the_o session_n be_v once_o again_o begin_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o before_o and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o expedition_n shall_v be_v the_o great_a it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o of_o the_o elector_n to_o depart_v thence_o neither_o have_v they_o liberty_n to_o speak_v with_o any_o stranger_n till_o five_o and_o twenty_o of_o they_o be_v agree_v in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o duke_n who_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v name_v and_o choose_v the_o counsellor_n
no_o force_n at_o all_o for_o if_o in_o they_o all_o chance_n shall_v have_v bear_v sway_n it_o may_v easy_o have_v happen_v that_o the_o principal_a citizen_n may_v have_v be_v leave_v out_o to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n they_o ordain_v therefore_o that_o there_o shall_v yearly_a be_v choose_v threescore_o father_n not_o by_o casualty_n of_o adiuncte_n the_o last_o 60._o senator_n which_o be_v elect_v be_v call_v adiuncte_n lot_n but_o by_o soundness_n of_o judgement_n so_o you_o see_v that_o the_o senate_n first_o consist_v of_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o of_o which_o threescore_o be_v by_o their_o proper_a term_n call_v senator_n the_o rest_n adjunct_n in_o the_o session_n of_o who_o choice_n there_o be_v common_o a_o whole_a day_n pass_v over_o now_o beside_o this_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o lawful_a senator_n those_o of_o the_o council_n of_o ten_o have_v in_o the_o senate_n equal_a authority_n with_o the_o senator_n as_o also_o beside_o the_o duke_n and_o the_o other_o councillor_n the_o council_n of_o the_o forty_o have_v the_o like_a the_o judge_n of_o capital_a &_o weighty_a crime_n the_o master_n over_o the_o salt_n and_o corn_n and_o the_o procurer_n of_o s._n mark_v beside_o many_o other_o so_o that_o in_o our_o time_n their_o number_n exceed_v two_o hundred_o &_o twenty_o who_o in_o their_o office_n have_v all_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o senator_n the_o whole_a manner_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n government_n belong_v to_o the_o senate_n that_o which_o the_o senate_n determine_v be_v hold_v for_o ratify_v and_o inviolable_a by_o senate_n the_o great_a authority_n &_o power_n of_o the_o senate_n their_o authority_n and_o advice_n be_v peace_n confirm_v and_o war_n denounce_v the_o whole_a rent_n and_o receipt_n of_o the_o comcomwealth_n be_v at_o their_o appointment_n collect_v and_o gather_v in_o and_o likewise_o lay_v out_o again_o and_o defray_v if_o there_o be_v any_o new_a taxation_n or_o subsidy_n to_o be_v lay_v upon_o the_o citizen_n they_o be_v impose_v &_o likewise_o levy_v by_o the_o senate_n decree_n and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n it_o shall_v seem_v necessary_a for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o create_v a_o new_a officer_n or_o magistrate_n upon_o any_o sudden_a urgent_a occasion_n he_o be_v by_o the_o senate_n elect_v beside_o the_o senate_n by_o a_o perpetual_a prerogative_n have_v authority_n to_o choose_v such_o ambassador_n as_o be_v to_o be_v send_v to_o foreign_a prince_n and_o likewise_o to_o create_v the_o college_n of_o those_o who_o office_n be_v to_o assemble_v the_o senate_n and_o to_o report_v unto_o they_o those_o be_v of_o aristotle_n term_v praeconsultore_v but_o we_o sage_n preconsultor_n or_o sage_n honour_v they_o with_o a_o proud_a title_n do_v call_v they_o sage_n which_o name_n we_o must_v in_o this_o discourse_n often_o use_v lest_o otherwise_o i_o shall_v seem_v to_o mislike_v of_o our_o common_a phrase_n of_o speak_v nevertheless_o these_o session_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o which_o both_o the_o ambassador_n and_o the_o sage_n be_v elect_v stand_v nothing_o so_o much_o in_o the_o arbiterment_n of_o chance_n as_o those_o before_o describe_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o great_a counsel_n wherein_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v assemble_v &_o gather_v together_o for_o every_o one_o of_o the_o senator_n name_v one_o who_o he_o think_v good_a and_o then_o go_v to_o their_o suffrage_n of_o which_o whosoever_o shall_v have_v more_o than_o the_o rest_n provide_v always_o that_o he_o have_v about_o the_o half_a of_o the_o whole_a number_n on_o his_o side_n be_v present_o ratify_v and_o choose_v and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o service_n &_o necessary_a occasion_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n seem_v to_o require_v the_o employment_n of_o some_o one_o in_o a_o office_n which_o they_o think_v he_o will_v be_v unwilling_a to_o accept_v then_o do_v every_o one_o of_o the_o senator_n secret_o in_o a_o little_a scrol_n note_v the_o name_n of_o he_o who_o he_o think_v fit_a for_o the_o charge_n put_v the_o same_o into_o a_o pot_n provide_v ready_a for_o the_o purpose_n after_o which_o the_o secretary_n take_v those_o scroll_n out_o and_o read_v they_o all_o open_o &_o then_o again_o they_o go_v for_o every_o one_o of_o those_o to_o their_o lot_n of_o which_o on_o whosoever_o the_o great_a part_n do_v fall_v be_v present_o pronounce_v choose_v provide_v always_o that_o he_o have_v more_o than_o half_a of_o the_o whole_a number_n this_o manner_n of_o write_v in_o scroll_n be_v invent_v lest_o otherwise_o some_o may_v refrain_v from_o name_v he_o who_o they_o think_v fit_v for_o government_n and_o discharge_n of_o that_o office_n lest_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o unwillingness_n to_o accept_v it_o they_o may_v thereby_o incur_v his_o displeasure_n &_o evil_a will_n whereby_o through_o a_o private_a regard_n the_o common_a good_a may_v receive_v prejudice_n decree_n the_o manner_n which_o the_o senate_n use_v in_o their_o consultation_n and_o decree_n now_o it_o remain_v that_o we_o declare_v the_o manner_n that_o the_o senate_n use_v in_o determine_v decree_a and_o consult_v upon_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v and_o in_o what_o sort_n the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v execute_v elect_v sixteen_o sage_n elect_v our_o elder_n be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o if_o every_o senator_n shall_v confuse_o make_v report_n unto_o the_o senate_n &_o then_o deliver_v his_o opinion_n without_o limitation_n or_o restriction_n of_o that_o office_n to_o some_o particular_n there_o must_v of_o necessity_n follow_v a_o great_a trouble_n and_o intricatenesse_n in_o the_o senate_n beside_o it_o be_v by_o experience_n approve_v that_o the_o thing_n which_o depend_v general_o alike_o upon_o the_o care_n of_o all_o be_v general_o alike_o in_o a_o manner_n of_o all_o neglect_a therefore_o it_o be_v by_o our_o law_n ordain_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v choose_v sixteen_o citizen_n out_o of_o the_o senate_n which_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o far_a knowledge_n and_o sufficiency_n above_o the_o rest_n be_v of_o the_o common_a sort_n call_v sage_n we_o imitate_v aristotle_n in_o regard_n that_o they_o be_v to_o consult_v afore_o hand_n among_o themselves_o &_o then_o to_o council_n the_o senate_n in_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v handle_v may_v well_o call_v they_o preconsultor_n these_o have_v authority_n to_o assemble_v the_o senate_n and_o to_o make_v relation_n of_o each_o matter_n unto_o they_o this_o magistrate_n do_v not_o continue_v in_o order_n the_o sage_n divide_v into_o three_o sort_n or_o order_n office_n any_o long_a than_o six_o month_n but_o now_o these_o sage_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o sort_n of_o great_a difference_n and_o diversity_n the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o for_o in_o the_o first_o be_v six_o senator_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o citizen_n excel_v the_o rest_n as_o well_o in_o dignity_n and_o estimation_n as_o in_o prudent_a gravity_n and_o profoundness_n of_o knowledge_n their_o office_n principal_o be_v that_o in_o weighty_a and_o important_a cause_n concern_v the_o state_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o well_o in_o matter_n of_o war_n as_o in_o thing_n of_o peace_n they_o be_v first_o among_o themselves_o to_o hold_v a_o long_a and_o deliberate_a consultation_n and_o then_o to_o give_v over_o their_o council_n and_o opinion_n to_o the_o senate_n in_o the_o second_o sort_n or_o order_n be_v only_o five_o who_o though_o they_o have_v equal_a authority_n with_o the_o other_o in_o make_v report_n of_o all_o thing_n to_o the_o senate_n yet_o be_v they_o of_o far_o less_o estimation_n and_o dignity_n to_o they_o chief_o belong_v the_o care_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o be_v by_o the_o commonwealth_n entertain_v in_o pay_n and_o be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o general_n of_o the_o venetian_a force_n of_o the_o three_o order_n there_o be_v also_o five_o to_o who_o the_o charge_n of_o all_o sea_n matter_n be_v commit_v of_o which_o only_o and_o of_o nothing_o else_o they_o have_v authority_n to_o make_v report_n unto_o the_o senate_n this_o office_n be_v hold_v of_o our_o ancestor_n in_o great_a reputation_n during_o the_o while_n that_o our_o commonwealth_n do_v flourish_v &_o be_v famous_a in_o matter_n of_o navigation_n but_o when_o once_o our_o mind_n be_v bend_v to_o the_o enlarge_n of_o our_o limit_n and_o to_o the_o greatness_n of_o rule_n by_o land_n then_o begin_v our_o seafaring_a matter_n to_o decline_v and_o with_o they_o the_o reputation_n of_o this_o office_n so_o that_o in_o this_o age_n of_o we_o young_a man_n and_o some_o in_o a_o manner_n beardless_a be_v admit_v thereunto_o these_o sixteen_o citizen_n therefore_o who_o assembly_n among_o the_o venetian_n by_o proper_a term_n call_v the_o college_n do_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n meet_v together_o with_o the_o
they_o go_v to_o their_o lot_n again_o and_o so_o in_o that_o manner_n still_o reject_v that_o which_o have_v few_o ball_n the_o controversy_n be_v at_o length_n bring_v only_o between_o two_o of_o which_o the_o one_o must_v of_o necessity_n have_v above_o half_a the_o suffrage_n and_o then_o the_o same_o be_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n authorize_v and_o allow_v one_o matter_n be_v dispatch_v they_o begin_v with_o another_o unless_o it_o be_v too_o late_o in_o the_o day_n always_o observe_v the_o same_o manner_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a ambassador_n the_o manner_n of_o give_v audience_n &_o dispatch_a ambassador_n if_o there_o come_v a_o ambassador_n from_o any_o prince_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n he_o be_v receyve_v of_o the_o duke_n the_o counsellor_n and_o the_o whole_a college_n and_o do_v before_o they_o express_v his_o ambassage_n which_o be_v hear_v they_o do_v for_o that_o time_n dismiss_v he_o demand_v space_n to_o consult_v upon_o the_o matter_n which_o have_v do_v in_o sort_n &_o form_n as_o you_o have_v hear_v they_o then_o demand_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o senate_n to_o which_o the_o duke_n first_o declare_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o ambassador_n demand_n and_o then_o the_o opinion_n be_v read_v of_o all_o those_o that_o have_v authority_n to_o make_v report_n to_o the_o senate_n &_o final_o in_o manner_n as_o before_o the_o senate_n determine_v what_o answer_n shall_v be_v make_v unto_o the_o ambassador_n demand_v who_o be_v call_v in_o a_o secretary_n read_v unto_o he_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v dismiss_v this_o be_v in_o effect_n the_o whole_a sum_n manner_n and_o form_n that_o the_o senate_n use_v in_o ten_o the_o council_n or_o college_n of_o the_o ten_o their_o consultation_n decree_n and_o counsel_n and_o therefore_o now_o i_o think_v it_o requisite_a in_o this_o place_n to_o say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o ten_o of_o which_o you_o have_v often_o hear_v i_o make_v mention_n this_o council_n or_o college_n of_o the_o ten_o be_v among_o the_o venetian_n of_o great_a and_o eminent_a authority_n and_o of_o which_o any_o man_n may_v bold_o say_v that_o the_o whole_a safety_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n depend_v i_o will_v therefore_o touch_v the_o beginning_n and_o original_n thereof_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o whole_a manner_n and_o course_n of_o the_o same_o may_v be_v the_o easily_o conceyve_v our_o elder_n do_v with_o a_o marvelous_a &_o in_o manner_n divine_a providence_n foresee_v that_o as_o in_o man_n body_n through_o the_o corruption_n and_o putrefaction_n of_o one_o humour_n many_o &_o most_o dangerous_a disease_n do_v common_o happen_v which_o grow_v in_o time_n to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o death_n so_o also_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n there_o be_v sometime_o wicked_a and_o disloyal_a citizen_n that_o be_v cause_n thereunto_o of_o great_a trouble_n and_o calamity_n while_o they_o aspire_v rather_o to_o the_o pride_n of_o a_o wicked_a and_o unjust_a commandment_n then_o to_o the_o praise_n of_o a_o honest_a and_o quiet_a obedience_n carry_v away_o in_o those_o damnable_a endeavour_n either_o with_o ambition_n and_o desire_v of_o rule_n or_o oppress_v with_o intolerable_a debt_n or_o otherwise_o have_v commit_v some_o heinous_a wickedness_n or_o crime_n for_o which_o they_o stand_v in_o doubt_n of_o punishment_n such_o as_o we_o read_v be_v in_o rome_n catiline_n silla_n marius_n and_o final_o juliu_o caesar_n who_o have_v by_o tyranny_n get_v the_o commonwealth_n do_v in_o a_o manner_n bring_v it_o to_o utter_v desolation_n and_o ruin_n the_o like_a we_o read_v of_o sundry_a commonwealth_n citizen_n sundry_a great_a and_o famous_a commonwealth_n overthrow_v by_o the_o infidelity_n &_o ambition_n of_o some_o their_o private_a citizen_n of_o the_o greek_n yea_o and_o those_o sometime_o famous_a and_o of_o great_a glory_n which_o by_o the_o undermine_v ambition_n and_o treachery_n of_o some_o their_o wicked_a and_o unfaithful_a citizen_n be_v bring_v into_o servitude_n and_o bondage_n but_o in_o these_o time_n of_o we_o italy_n itself_o have_v yield_v we_o sufficient_a example_n all_o the_o city_n whereof_o in_o a_o manner_n that_o be_v either_o govern_v by_o the_o people_n or_o by_o the_o nobility_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o yoke_n or_o tyranny_n of_o someone_o of_o their_o citizen_n for_o which_o cause_n our_o prudent_a elder_n labour_v to_o establish_v this_o commonwealth_n of_o we_o in_o all_o perfection_n and_o beauty_n and_o to_o strengthen_v the_o same_o with_o such_o &_o so_o wholesome_a law_n that_o it_o may_v as_o much_o as_o in_o man_n wisdom_n lie_v prevent_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o so_o monstrous_a and_o miserable_a a_o fall_n for_o they_o dissension_n nothing_o more_o to_o be_v fear_v then_o intestine_a broil_n and_o cavil_v dissension_n imagine_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n so_o much_o to_o be_v doubt_v and_o fear_v as_o a_o intestine_a enemy_n or_o civil_a strife_n &_o sedition_n among_o the_o citizen_n call_v therefore_o to_o mind_n that_o among_o the_o lacedaemonian_n the_o ephore_n be_v mighty_a and_o of_o great_a authority_n and_o among_o the_o athenian_n the_o areopagite_n and_o so_o likewise_o among_o the_o roman_n the_o decemuiri_fw-la or_o ten_o man_n insomuch_o venice_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o ten_o in_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n that_o they_o make_v law_n they_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o by_o imitation_n of_o their_o example_n though_o in_o a_o unlike_a cause_n to_o create_v in_o this_o our_o city_n some_o magistrate_n of_o authority_n and_o power_n who_o office_n above_o all_o other_o thing_n shall_v be_v to_o have_v especial_a care_n to_o see_v that_o among_o the_o citizen_n shall_v not_o arise_v any_o strife_n or_o dissension_n whereby_o there_o may_v ensue_v any_o scandal_n or_o uproar_n and_o to_o prevent_v faction_n or_o the_o attempt_n of_o any_o wicked_a citizen_n that_o shall_v conspire_v against_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o which_o sort_n of_o mischief_n if_o there_o shall_v by_o evil_a destiny_n any_o creep_v into_o the_o commonwealth_n they_o then_o to_o have_v absolute_a authority_n to_o punish_v and_o chasten_v the_o same_o lest_o otherwise_o the_o commonwealth_n may_v thereby_o receive_v harm_n but_o so_o great_a a_o authority_n and_o puissance_n can_v not_o have_v be_v commit_v to_o few_o without_o danger_n neither_o if_o to_o many_o will_v it_o then_o have_v be_v formidable_a therefore_o to_o avoid_v the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o inconvenience_n they_o ordain_v and_o establish_v this_o college_n of_o ten_o they_o continue_v in_o this_o office_n a_o year_n and_o have_v adjoin_v unto_o they_o the_o duke_n and_o the_o six_o counsellor_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a college_n come_v to_o make_v up_o the_o just_a number_n of_o seventeen_o citizen_n to_o who_o this_o great_a power_n and_o authority_n be_v give_v of_o these_o ten_o there_o be_v three_o every_o month_n choose_v and_o elect_v by_o lot_n who_o be_v president_n of_o the_o college_n and_o ten_o the_o head_n of_o the_o ten_o by_o common_a phrase_n of_o speech_n call_v the_o head_n of_o the_o ten_o and_o they_o have_v authority_n to_o assemble_v the_o whole_a college_n of_o the_o ten_o and_o to_o make_v report_n unto_o they_o they_o have_v apart_o by_o themselves_o a_o chamber_n wherein_o they_o assemble_v when_o they_o sit_v in_o council_n they_o have_v also_o under_o they_o private_a and_o particular_a officer_n as_o porter_n usher_n and_o certain_a that_o be_v allow_v for_o their_o guard_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o other_o tribunal_n of_o magistrate_n go_v unto_o with_o great_a observance_n and_o ceremony_n thither_o resort_n allthose_n that_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v in_o their_o college_n they_o likewise_o read_v all_o letter_n write_v to_o the_o college_n and_o make_v report_n of_o they_o to_o the_o same_o for_o do_v of_o the_o which_o with_o the_o great_a sufficiency_n one_o of_o those_o precedent_n alone_o by_o himself_o have_v not_o authority_n to_o make_v report_n but_o they_o must_v be_v either_o two_o to_o make_v report_n of_o the_o same_o matter_n or_o else_o four_o councillor_n for_o the_o same_o cause_n also_o and_o to_o avoid_v the_o rashness_n and_o temeritie_n that_o some_o few_o of_o they_o may_v otherwise_o use_v in_o alteration_n of_o any_o thing_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o if_o they_o will_v cancel_v or_o undo_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v already_o establish_v and_o full_o confirm_v they_o must_v at_o least_o have_v the_o suffrage_n of_o two_o part_n of_o the_o college_n for_o confirmation_n of_o that_o which_o they_o shall_v do_v which_o otherwise_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v void_a and_o of_o no_o effect_n they_o have_v also_o a_o order_n that_o the_o offendor_n be_v he_o the_o offender_n never_o suffer_v to_o come_v into_o the_o college_n not_o any_o friend_n or_o lawyer_n
to_o plead_v for_o he_o never_o suffer_v to_o come_v into_o the_o college_n when_o they_o be_v to_o give_v judgement_n of_o he_o nor_o any_o friend_n kinsman_n or_o lawyer_n for_o he_o to_o plead_v his_o cause_n which_o privilege_n be_v grant_v to_o offender_n in_o any_o other_o court_n whatsoever_o where_o their_o cause_n be_v handle_v the_o manner_n use_v in_o their_o judgement_n be_v in_o this_o sort_n the_o offendor_n be_v examine_v of_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o college_n and_o his_o confession_n write_v &_o then_o the_o matter_n be_v report_v to_o the_o college_n the_o precedent_n of_o which_o &_o the_o other_o judge_n that_o be_v present_a do_v plead_v as_o well_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o accuser_n as_o of_o the_o offendor_n never_o determine_v of_o any_o great_a matter_n but_o with_o a_o exceed_a moderation_n of_o judgement_n in_o the_o beginning_n the_o charge_n only_o of_o prevent_v and_o remedy_v all_o such_o thing_n as_o any_o way_n shall_v offend_v the_o civil_a agreement_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o ten_o but_o afterwards_o certain_a other_o grievous_a &_o enormous_a offence_n as_o make_v of_o false_a money_n sodomy_n and_o such_o like_a be_v also_o bring_v under_o the_o severity_n and_o censure_n of_o this_o sharp_a and_o strict_a manner_n of_o judgement_n and_o in_o these_o time_n of_o we_o this_o authority_n of_o the_o ten_o have_v yet_o much_o more_o enlarge_v his_o bound_n for_o they_o have_v power_n give_v they_o to_o set_v amercement_n upon_o sundry_a offence_n and_o to_o punish_v those_o that_o shall_v blaspheme_v the_o name_n of_o god_n or_o of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n and_o it_o be_v likewise_o or_o dayn_v that_o whatsoever_o secret_a matter_n that_o shall_v concern_v the_o state_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n any_o way_n that_o such_o i_o say_v shall_v be_v bring_v and_o disclose_v unto_o they_o who_o nevertheless_o do_v not_o determine_v any_o thing_n of_o great_a moment_n without_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o senate_n to_o the_o end_n therefore_o that_o a_o few_o citizen_n shall_v not_o alone_o have_v such_o successive_a authority_n in_o so_o weighty_a affair_n there_o be_v call_v and_o admit_v into_o this_o college_n the_o sage_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o order_n likewise_o the_o adiuncte_n fifteen_o senator_n ascribe_v to_o the_o college_n of_o the_o ten_o who_o be_v call_v adiuncte_n aduocator_n and_o procurer_n of_o s._n mark_v who_o office_n be_v hold_v in_o great_a estimation_n and_o reverence_n there_o be_v beside_o fifteen_o senator_n ascribe_v to_o this_o college_n who_o be_v call_v adiuncte_n but_o all_o these_o here_o rehearse_v have_v not_o the_o privilege_n of_o suffrage_n but_o only_o the_o seventeen_fw-mi first_o and_o these_o fifteen_o adiuncte_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o those_o that_o have_v authority_n of_o suffrage_n be_v two_o &_o thirty_o the_o rest_n be_v deprive_v of_o this_o power_n and_o privilege_n though_o otherwise_o they_o be_v present_a at_o all_o their_o business_n the_o fifteen_o adiuncte_n be_v not_o accustom_v to_o be_v elect_v neither_o of_o the_o senate_n neither_o of_o the_o session_n of_o the_o great_a council_n but_o the_o ten_o man_n do_v of_o themselves_o make_v choice_n of_o fifteen_o such_o senator_n as_o they_o best_o like_v for_o their_o assistant_n and_o companion_n though_o now_o the_o same_o be_v alter_v and_o the_o fifteen_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o session_n of_o the_o great_a council_n as_o the_o other_o magistrate_n be_v that_o there_o have_v great_a utility_n redound_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n through_o this_o council_n &_o college_n of_o ten_o experience_n itself_o have_v make_v most_o manifest_a &_o plain_a for_o two_o hundred_o &_o ten_o year_n since_o marino_n phalerio_n that_o then_o be_v duke_n have_v turn_v all_o his_o thought_n to_o tyranny_n and_o usurpation_n be_v likely_a to_o have_v give_v a_o great_a &_o deadly_a blow_n to_o the_o liberty_n behead_v marino_n phalerio_n duke_n of_o venice_n public_o behead_v of_o our_o commonwealth_n if_o by_o the_o grave_a authority_n &_o wisdom_n of_o the_o ten_o he_o have_v not_o be_v oppress_v &_o put_v down_o and_o receive_v the_o reward_n of_o his_o impiety_n &_o wickedness_n for_o by_o their_o judgement_n and_o sentence_n he_o have_v his_o head_n public_o strike_v off_o and_o with_o he_o sundry_a other_o citizen_n of_o great_a nobility_n that_o together_o with_o he_o have_v conspire_v the_o ruin_n of_o their_o country_n liberty_n and_o beside_o his_o memory_n be_v deliver_v to_o posterity_n with_o a_o eternal_a blot_n of_o dishonour_n and_o infamy_n for_o in_o those_o place_n where_o the_o picture_n of_o our_o prince_n be_v curious_o set_v forth_o and_o paint_v with_o epitaph_n and_o remembraunce_n of_o those_o virtuous_a deed_n which_o they_o have_v do_v in_o the_o behalf_n and_o service_n of_o their_o country_n the_o seat_n of_o marino_n phalerio_n be_v leave_v bare_a without_o any_o picture_n at_o all_o save_v only_o a_o few_o verse_n signify_v unto_o the_o reader_n that_o this_o duke_n be_v for_o his_o offence_n because_o i_o will_v not_o vary_v the_o word_n as_o they_o stand_v write_v strike_v with_o the_o axe_n a_o conspiracy_n without_o doubt_n of_o pass_a wickedness_n and_o exceed_a danger_n in_o appearance_n not_o unlikely_a to_o have_v wrought_v the_o utter_a overthrow_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n if_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o college_n of_o ten_o the_o same_o have_v not_o be_v present_o extinguish_v likewise_o sundry_a other_o citizen_n that_o be_v tickle_v with_o this_o rumour_n of_o ambition_n have_v publish_v certain_a plausible_a law_n to_o draw_v unto_o they_o the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o people_n be_v overtake_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o college_n &_o present_o cut_v off_o whereby_o it_o be_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o through_o the_o power_n of_o this_o college_n always_o assist_v by_o the_o goodness_n of_o god_n no_o such_o pernicious_a infection_n have_v as_o yet_o be_v able_a to_o eat_v into_o our_o commonwealth_n thus_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o our_o commonwealthe_n be_v by_o we_o already_o express_v but_o now_o to_o the_o end_n that_o our_o undertake_a work_n may_v be_v in_o every_o part_n perfect_a and_o accomplish_a we_o will_v speak_v somewhat_o of_o the_o remain_a magistrate_n as_o well_o those_o to_o who_o hand_n be_v commit_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n as_o those_o that_o have_v the_o handle_n &_o order_v of_o the_o public_a rent_n and_o withal_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o govern_v those_o city_n that_o be_v under_o the_o venetian_a commonwealth_n as_o also_o of_o their_o captain_n navy_n &_o army_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o by_o land_n last_o i_o will_v make_v mention_n of_o certain_a statute_n &_o ordinance_n by_o which_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o common_a people_n mislike_n in_o that_o they_o also_o have_v not_o part_v in_o govern_v the_o commonwealth_n be_v clear_o avoid_v with_o their_o great_a satisfaction_n and_o contentment_n i_o will_v likewise_o show_v that_o the_o train_n and_o exercise_v the_o youth_n to_o the_o exercise_n of_o war_n be_v not_o in_o the_o city_n neglect_v as_o some_o suppose_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v far_o to_o these_o particular_a demonstration_n i_o think_v it_o not_o beside_o the_o purpose_n to_o advertise_v the_o reader_n that_o in_o this_o manner_n of_o the_o senate_n consultation_n of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v and_o likewise_o in_o that_o of_o the_o college_n of_o ten_o there_o do_v plain_o appear_v a_o certain_a mixture_n of_o the_o law_n of_o a_o popular_a state_n with_o the_o government_n of_o a_o nobility_n for_o whereas_o the_o senate_n can_v deliberate_v of_o any_o thing_n if_o first_o report_n thereof_o be_v not_o make_v unto_o they_o of_o the_o sage_n therein_o appear_v a_o state_n of_o nobility_n but_o that_o the_o sage_n have_v not_o any_o power_n unless_o they_o consult_v with_o the_o senate_n and_o have_v by_o authority_n thereof_o their_o opinion_n confirm_v taste_v altogether_o of_o a_o popular_a government_n so_o that_o this_o just_a mixture_n &_o temperature_n which_o make_v the_o perfect_a measure_n and_o mean_n of_o government_n to_o be_v unite_v in_o the_o true_a form_n and_o shape_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v find_v not_o only_o in_o the_o whole_a body_n together_o but_o also_o in_o every_o part_n and_o particular_a member_n of_o this_o our_o commonwealth_n but_o return_v whence_o i_o digress_v i_o will_v first_o of_o all_o handle_n that_o part_n which_o pertain_v and_o belong_v unto_o justice_n all_o right_a &_o justice_n therefore_o which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v administer_v of_o magistrate_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n for_o either_o it_o consist_v in_o the_o punishment_n of_o lewd_a &_o wicked_a man_n that_o shall_v in_o any_o notable_a sort_n trespass_v impious_o against_o god_n and_o traitorous_o against_o their_o
country_n or_o wicked_o against_o any_o citizen_n or_o member_n thereof_o in_o particular_a or_o else_o it_o concern_v the_o judgement_n and_o determination_n of_o litigious_a controversy_n and_o civil_a cause_n judge_n criminal_a and_o civil_a judge_n therefore_o be_v there_o also_o in_o venice_n two_o kind_n of_o judge_n the_o one_o serve_v for_o the_o decision_n of_o civil_a cause_n the_o other_o for_o the_o judgement_n of_o capital_a crime_n of_o who_o we_o will_v first_o speak_v and_o then_o of_o the_o other_o some_o offence_n be_v esteem_v to_o be_v small_a and_o light_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o proper_a nature_n of_o the_o offence_n or_o else_o of_o the_o condition_n of_o he_o that_o offend_v other_o be_v account_v to_o be_v more_o grievous_a and_o of_o great_a importance_n either_o through_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o misdeed_n itself_o or_o else_o through_o the_o nobility_n and_o degree_n of_o he_o that_o do_v it_o whence_o it_o come_v that_o these_o capital_a judge_n be_v also_o divide_v into_o two_o the_o one_o for_o matter_n of_o great_a moment_n and_o grievous_a enormity_n the_o other_o for_o crime_n less_o heinous_a and_o of_o small_a weight_n which_o division_n of_o judgement_n as_o it_o be_v first_o ordain_v with_o a_o exceed_a reason_n and_o find_v foundation_n so_o have_v experience_n approve_v it_o for_o allowable_a &_o of_o high_a commendation_n we_o will_v first_o speak_v of_o the_o chief_a and_o then_o of_o the_o rest_n beside_o those_o offence_n which_o we_o tell_v you_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o ten_o all_o other_o great_a and_o weighty_a crime_n be_v by_o the_o aduocator_n report_v of_o and_o by_o the_o college_n of_o forty_o well_o ponder_v and_o debate_v be_v wont_a all_o to_o be_v determine_v and_o punishment_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o crime_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o those_o that_o shall_v be_v find_v faulty_a therein_o these_o forty_o that_o have_v the_o examination_n &_o handle_n of_o weighty_a criminal_a cause_n be_v common_o call_v the_o xl_o criminal_a judge_n we_o will_v speak_v of_o either_o but_o we_o will_v first_o begin_v with_o the_o aduocator_n aduocator_n the_o office_n of_o the_o aduocator_n the_o office_n of_o the_o aduocator_n be_v in_o time_n pass_v in_o great_a authority_n and_o marvellous_a estimation_n the_o duty_n and_o function_n therereof_o be_v to_o defend_v the_o law_n pure_a and_o inviolate_a without_o suffer_v they_o in_o any_o one_o point_n people_n the_o aduocator_n in_o venice_n resemble_v the_o ancient_a tribune_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n ro_o be_v blemish_v so_o that_o their_o authority_n and_o power_n be_v much_o like_a unto_o that_o of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n but_o that_o they_o be_v to_o defend_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n and_o we_o only_o the_o force_n of_o the_o law_n so_o that_o in_o my_o judgement_n they_o may_v and_o not_o unfit_o be_v term_v the_o tribune_n of_o the_o law_n but_o we_o to_o avoid_v all_o ambiguity_n will_v still_o retain_v the_o common_a and_o accustom_a word_n they_o only_o plead_v and_o make_v report_n unto_o the_o people_n but_o we_o to_o the_o xl_o man_n for_o small_a cause_n for_o great_a to_o the_o senate_n for_o great_a of_o all_o to_o the_o great_a council_n if_o so_o they_o shall_v think_v good_a so_o that_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o authority_n of_o this_o office_n be_v pass_v honourable_a but_o now_o since_o the_o mightiness_n and_o increase_a greatness_n of_o the_o ten_o this_o office_n be_v grow_v to_o be_v of_o less_o account_n and_o the_o estimation_n thereof_o much_o obscure_v nevertheless_o see_v there_o belong_v to_o this_o office_n so_o ample_a a_o authority_n of_o report_v in_o all_o cause_n but_o especial_o the_o guard_n and_o defend_v of_o the_o law_n &_o see_v that_o those_o which_o have_v commit_v any_o excess_n or_o crime_n seem_v to_o have_v break_v and_o transgress_v the_o law_n it_o seem_v good_a that_o those_o offence_n shall_v in_o a_o certain_a peculiar_a sort_n be_v correct_v by_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o aduocator_n though_o of_o themselves_o they_o have_v not_o any_o authority_n of_o determine_v any_o thing_n absolute_o against_o the_o offender_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o some_o small_a cause_n the_o rest_n be_v all_o order_v by_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o council_n in_o this_o place_n i_o think_v it_o not_o from_o the_o purpose_n to_o explain_v judgement_n the_o manner_n of_o capital_a judgement_n the_o manner_n and_o mean_a of_o capital_a judgement_n which_o be_v give_v upon_o the_o report_n of_o the_o aduocator_n see_v that_o unless_o i_o be_v deceive_v the_o like_a custom_n be_v not_o any_o where_o observe_v withal_o i_o shall_v thereby_o the_o better_a and_o plain_o make_v you_o understand_v what_o the_o authority_n be_v of_o this_o office_n of_o aduocator_n when_o any_o crime_n or_o offence_n be_v bring_v before_o the_o aduocator_n if_o the_o same_o be_v think_v worthy_a of_o their_o censure_n then_o present_o be_v he_o who_o name_n be_v bring_v by_o some_o one_o of_o they_o the_o charge_n thereof_o belong_v chief_o to_o three_o declare_v and_o argue_v to_o be_v guilty_a and_o then_o report_n be_v thereof_o make_v over_o by_o he_o that_o argue_v he_o to_o what_o council_n himself_o shall_v best_o like_v though_o usual_o such_o matter_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o college_n of_o the_o xl_o which_o have_v presidence_n and_o authority_n over_o capital_a crime_n &_o judgement_n and_o there_o the_o matter_n be_v well_o debate_v of_o the_o council_n determine_v whether_o the_o offender_n shall_v be_v put_v in_o prison_n or_o torture_v or_o otherwise_o allow_v to_o defend_v his_o cause_n at_o liberty_n who_o be_v either_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n present_o send_v for_o or_o else_o secret_o apprehend_v by_o the_o officer_n and_o sergeante_n that_o attend_v upon_o the_o aduocator_n and_o then_o he_o be_v either_o at_o liberty_n or_o as_o a_o prisoner_n examine_v upon_o the_o matter_n he_o make_v his_o answer_n and_o witness_n and_o proof_n be_v produce_v on_o each_o side_n and_o each_o particular_a register_v in_o writing_n as_o well_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o offendor_n as_o against_o he_o and_o a_o copy_n thereof_o give_v he_o and_o a_o time_n of_o respite_n appoint_v he_o to_o instruct_v his_o aduocator_n &_o such_o as_o he_o shall_v choose_v to_o plead_v for_o he_o and_o they_o likewise_o provide_v themselves_o of_o such_o proof_n and_o argument_n as_o may_v best_o serve_v for_o his_o defence_n and_o for_o the_o disproof_n and_o confutation_n of_o such_o reason_n and_o testimony_n as_o shall_v be_v urge_v against_o he_o and_o then_o the_o matter_n come_v to_o the_o plead_n i_o can_v here_o overslip_v a_o ancient_a custom_n observe_v of_o our_o forepast_a elder_n even_o unto_o this_o age_n of_o we_o which_o be_v that_o if_o any_o do_v want_v mean_n and_o ability_n to_o entertain_v a_o advocate_n or_o lawyer_n to_o plead_v and_o defend_v his_o cause_n then_o be_v there_o two_o advocate_n appoint_v he_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o speak_v and_o argue_v in_o the_o defence_n and_o maintenance_n of_o his_o right_n for_o thereof_o the_o law_n have_v a_o special_a regard_n they_o two_o advocate_n appoint_v by_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o defend_v the_o cause_n of_o those_o that_o want_v mean_n &_o ability_n to_o entertain_v they_o that_o no_o one_o do_v receive_v punishment_n without_o be_v first_o admit_v to_o say_v what_o he_o can_v in_o justification_n of_o himself_o but_o after_o that_o due_a ceremony_n be_v observe_v with_o the_o offendor_n and_o all_o respect_n and_o liberty_n afford_v he_o that_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o cause_n require_v the_o advocator_n do_v warn_v the_o council_n and_o a_o day_n be_v appoint_v for_o the_o trial_n of_o his_o cause_n the_o council_n be_v assemble_v the_o accusation_n of_o the_o party_n that_o stand_v upon_o their_o trial_n belong_v to_o the_o aduocator_n who_o be_v in_o that_o behalf_n to_o behave_v themselves_o with_o great_a sharpness_n vehemence_n and_o severity_n even_o in_o as_o invective_n a_o manner_n if_o possible_a they_o can_v attain_v and_o reach_v thereunto_o as_o that_o which_o cicero_n use_v against_o verres_n or_o antonius_n yet_o so_o that_o they_o refrain_v from_o unseemly_a rail_n and_o do_v not_o digress_v or_o wander_v out_o of_o the_o matter_n with_o extremity_n of_o spiteful_a word_n for_o whosoever_o malicious_o rail_v seem_v rather_o to_o bewray_v a_o mind_n intemperate_a and_o hateful_a than_o any_o way_n to_o advance_v the_o commonwealthe_n cause_n for_o in_o this_o point_n the_o matter_n be_v far_o otherwise_o among_o the_o venetian_n than_o it_o be_v in_o time_n pass_v among_o the_o roman_n ancient_o in_o rome_n any_o citizen_n whatsoever_o may_v implead_v another_o and_o with_o all_o bitterness_n accuse_v he_o before_o
the_o judge_n but_o in_o venice_n no_o private_a man_n may_v perform_v such_o office_n the_o same_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n belong_v to_o the_o dignity_n &_o magistracy_n of_o the_o aduocator_n in_o which_o point_n i_o think_v our_o ancestor_n do_v rightly_a imitate_v the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o have_v therein_o a_o more_o regardful_a foresight_n to_o maintain_v the_o citizen_n in_o agreement_n than_o have_v the_o roman_n for_o see_v that_o a_o offence_n commit_v be_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o law_n &_o a_o scandal_n to_o the_o commenwealth_n &_o the_o law_n and_o the_o commommonwealth_n be_v to_o exact_a punishment_n thereof_o who_o can_v be_v fit_a to_o require_v the_o punishment_n of_o he_o that_o offend_v or_o who_o ought_v thereunto_o to_o bend_v great_a endeavour_n than_o that_o magistrate_n who_o authority_n rule_n &_o dignity_n be_v whole_o give_v he_o to_o defend_v the_o law_n neither_o can_v any_o private_a citizen_n play_v the_o part_n of_o a_o accuser_n without_o exceed_a envy_n and_o hatred_n of_o he_o who_o he_o shall_v prosecute_v whence_o easy_o there_o may_v sedition_n &_o trouble_n arise_v among_o the_o citizen_n which_o inconvenience_n be_v by_o we_o notable_o avoid_v by_o lay_v this_o whole_a charge_n of_o accusation_n upon_o a_o magistrate_n who_o be_v not_o to_o handle_v the_o same_o according_a to_o any_o private_a or_o particular_a dissentious_a conceit_n but_o according_a to_o the_o prescript_n rule_n and_o form_n of_o the_o law_n so_o that_o it_o have_v never_o light_o be_v hear_v of_o that_o ever_o any_o blame_n be_v impute_v to_o a_o aduocator_n for_o use_v vehement_a invective_n or_o be_v a_o sharp_a accuser_n but_o rather_o the_o great_a applause_n and_o praise_n thereby_o to_o arise_v unto_o he_o among_o all_o the_o citizen_n but_o let_v we_o now_o return_v to_o our_o before_o mention_a manner_n of_o judgement_n the_o council_n be_v assemble_v the_o aduocator_n play_v the_o part_n of_o a_o bitter_a accuser_n strain_v the_o uttermost_a invention_n of_o his_o wit_n with_o all_o vehemence_n against_o the_o offendor_n first_o object_v unto_o he_o the_o offence_n confirm_v the_o same_o with_o witness_n and_o then_o strengthen_v his_o objection_n with_o probability_n and_o likelihoode_n of_o conjecture_n have_v end_v his_o speech_n the_o advocate_n of_o the_o offender_n plead_v in_o the_o clients_n behalf_n after_o which_o if_o any_o of_o the_o aduocator_n will_v speak_v afresh_o before_o the_o judge_n give_v sentence_n he_o have_v liberty_n so_o to_o do_v likewise_o the_o lawyer_n of_o the_o defendant_n have_v leave_v to_o answer_v and_o to_o confute_v if_o they_o can_v the_o oppose_a argument_n and_o so_o of_o either_o side_n the_o cause_n be_v debate_v and_o toss_v to_o and_o fro_o till_o either_o the_o offender_n or_o the_o aduocator_n who_o turn_n it_o be_v to_o speak_v do_v declare_v that_o he_o have_v no_o more_o to_o say_v which_o do_v the_o offender_n and_o his_o advocate_n be_v command_v out_o of_o the_o court_n and_o the_o aduocator_n be_v shut_v into_o a_o room_n apart_o with_o the_o judge_n and_o their_o secretary_n not_o any_o one_o else_o be_v suffer_v to_o be_v there_o the_o aduocator_n first_o do_v make_v a_o motion_n unto_o the_o judge_n of_o punish_v the_o offender_n demand_v their_o opinion_n whether_o they_o think_v he_o worthy_a of_o punishment_n or_o no_o not_o name_v or_o appoint_v any_o one_o certain_a kind_n of_o punishment_n which_o judgement_n two_o manner_n of_o judgement_n custom_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n observe_v by_o the_o athenian_n for_o in_o athens_n the_o judge_n give_v two_o sentence_n in_o the_o first_o either_o condemn_v or_o absolve_a the_o prisoner_n if_o in_o the_o first_o he_o be_v condemn_v then_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o punishment_n determine_v of_o in_o the_o second_o as_o out_o of_o plato_n apology_n of_o socrates_n may_v plain_o be_v perceive_v the_o very_a like_o order_n of_o judgement_n be_v that_o in_o manner_n which_o we_o do_v use_v first_o as_o i_o say_v the_o advocator_n make_v a_o motion_n unto_o the_o judge_n of_o punish_v the_o offender_n then_o the_o judge_n go_v unto_o their_o suffrage_n for_o by_o suffrage_n among_o the_o venetian_n all_o thing_n be_v determine_v three_o pot_n be_v bring_v forth_o by_o the_o one_o of_o which_o the_o offender_n be_v condemn_v by_o the_o other_o he_o be_v absolve_v in_o manner_n without_o any_o correction_n &_o by_o the_o three_o be_v know_v the_o opinion_n of_o those_o which_o do_v seem_v yet_o to_o doubt_v whether_o course_n be_v to_o be_v take_v the_o first_o of_o condemnation_n be_v white_a the_o second_o of_o absolution_n green_a the_o three_o of_o doubtfulness_n red_a every_o of_o the_o judge_n whether_o the_o cause_n be_v dispute_v of_o by_o the_o forty_o as_o usual_o it_o be_v or_o else_o that_o the_o senate_n be_v consult_v with_o which_o seldom_o happen_v &_o that_o only_o in_o great_a &_o weighty_a cause_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v by_o the_o advocator_n report_v over_o to_o the_o great_a council_n which_o be_v most_o seldom_o &_o never_o but_o in_o matter_n exceed_o enormous_a to_o the_o end_n to_o have_v his_o suffrage_n undiscern_v let_v fall_v into_o whether_o of_o these_o trial_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o prisoner_n trial_n three_o pot_n he_o please_v a_o little_a linen_n ball_n which_o be_v do_v the_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n do_v number_v the_o ball_n and_o if_o more_o than_o the_o half_n be_v in_o savour_n of_o the_o prisoner_n liberty_n he_o be_v present_o pronounce_v free_a &_o the_o request_n of_o the_o advocator_n reject_v but_o if_o more_o than_o the_o half_a of_o those_o ball_n be_v find_v in_o the_o pot_n of_o condemnation_n he_o be_v present_o condemn_v if_o neither_o of_o both_o exceed_v the_o half_a but_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o judge_n put_v their_o suffrage_n into_o the_o pot_n of_o doubtfulness_n then_o his_o cause_n be_v defer_v over_o till_o another_o day_n &_o to_o the_o better_a discussion_n of_o the_o judge_n if_o he_o be_v absolve_v he_o have_v no_o more_o to_o do_v but_o be_v present_o set_v at_o liberty_n if_o his_o term_n be_v prolong_v then_o there_o be_v a_o new_a day_n appoint_v both_o to_o he_o and_o the_o judge_n for_o the_o handle_n of_o his_o cause_n the_o aduocator_n accuse_v he_o and_o his_o lawyer_n as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v refute_v the_o object_v crime_n after_o that_o the_o matter_n be_v debate_v &_o plead_v on_o both_o side_n the_o judge_n go_v to_o their_o ball_n again_o and_o if_o then_o neither_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n conclude_v in_o regard_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o lot_n be_v find_v in_o the_o pot_n that_o agree_v the_o doubtfulness_n &_o irresolution_n of_o the_o judge_n than_o once_o again_o be_v the_o cause_n put_v over_o and_o a_o new_a day_n appoint_v both_o to_o the_o prisoner_n and_o the_o judge_n which_o be_v come_v and_o the_o judge_n cast_v their_o lot_n as_o before_o there_o be_v no_o far_o regard_v hold_v of_o those_o that_o be_v doubtful_a insomuch_o that_o if_o the_o lot_n be_v not_o in_o either_o part_n just_o equal_a of_o necessity_n the_o prisoner_n must_v be_v either_o acquit_v or_o condemn_v if_o he_o be_v acquit_v he_o have_v as_o i_o say_v before_o no_o more_o to_o do_v but_o if_o he_o be_v condemn_v than_o they_o be_v to_o determine_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o punishment_n concern_v the_o which_o both_o the_o aduocator_n and_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o college_n of_o judge_n do_v make_v motion_n always_o penalty_n the_o office_n of_o the_o aduocator_n enclyne_v more_o to_o severity_n they_o mercy_n the_o head_n of_o the_o forty_o and_o the_o counsellor_n propound_v light_a penalty_n the_o aduocator_n do_v propound_v that_o punishment_n which_o to_o that_o sort_n of_o offence_n do_v seem_v most_o sharp_a and_o grievous_a their_o office_n and_o duty_n be_v more_o to_o incline_v to_o severity_n then_o to_o mercy_n the_o other_o do_v accustom_v to_o propound_v light_a penalty_n unless_o the_o fault_n be_v so_o heinous_a that_o there_o remain_v no_o place_n for_o pity_n or_o else_o that_o the_o aduocator_n have_v use_v great_a lenity_n than_o become_v their_o place_n and_o office_n the_o opinion_n of_o all_o be_v propose_v the_o punishment_n that_o the_o prisoner_n must_v suffer_v be_v in_o the_o very_a same_o manner_n and_o fashion_n conclude_v &_o determine_v on_o as_o i_o tell_v you_o above_o that_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v ratify_v when_o the_o sage_n be_v of_o sundry_a &_o diverse_a opinion_n the_o manner_n of_o which_o if_o i_o shall_v repeat_v again_o i_o shall_v trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o a_o needless_a iteration_n and_o perchance_o be_v account_v tedious_a for_o my_o labour_n let_v this_o suffice_v that_o that_o opinion_n of_o the_o
he_o against_o who_o the_o former_a judge_n have_v pronounce_v sentence_n that_o he_o may_v after_o three_o month_n though_o none_o of_o the_o auditor_n intermeddle_v call_v his_o adversary_n a_o fresh_a into_o diminish_v a_o law_n late_o make_v by_o which_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o auditor_n be_v great_o diminish_v question_n by_o appeal_n unto_o the_o college_n by_o who_o law_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o auditor_n be_v great_o diminish_v yet_o nevertheless_o be_v their_o report_n of_o great_a avail_n to_o the_o furtherance_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o beside_o the_o cut_n of_o the_o delay_n of_o three_o month_n seem_v to_o be_v as_o a_o prerogative_n to_o the_o judge_n present_o upon_o the_o auditor_n report_v the_o former_a judge_n be_v before_o our_o time_n summon_v into_o the_o college_n of_o the_o forty_o and_o there_o either_o magistrate_n admit_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o cause_n by_o plea_n but_o now_o i_o know_v not_o by_o what_o negligence_n by_o little_a and_o little_a it_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o former_a judge_n from_o who_o sentence_n the_o appeal_n be_v bring_v do_v neither_o plead_v nor_o be_v so_o much_o as_o present_v at_o the_o handle_n of_o their_o cause_n in_o the_o college_n of_o the_o forty_o only_a be_v cite_v by_o a_o officer_n their_o answer_n be_v that_o that_o which_o law_n and_o justice_n be_v may_v go_v forward_o but_o this_o custom_n that_o the_o auditor_n shall_v first_o make_v report_n unto_o the_o college_n of_o such_o cause_n as_o be_v by_o appeal_n bring_v unto_o they_o and_o plead_v in_o maintenance_n of_o they_o have_v continue_v till_o our_o time_n be_v now_o whole_o abrogate_a and_o only_o the_o advocate_n of_o those_o between_o who_o the_o controversy_n rest_v do_v use_v that_o office_n in_o defend_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o clientes_fw-la whereby_o it_o be_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o this_o office_n which_o be_v before_o time_n so_o honourable_a be_v now_o become_v to_o be_v great_o obscure_v and_o eclipse_v judge_n the_o judge_n of_o civil_a cause_n observe_v the_o same_o order_n in_o their_o judgement_n as_o the_o criminal_a judge_n these_o forty_o judge_n of_o civil_a cause_n do_v in_o a_o manner_n observe_v that_o order_n and_o custom_n in_o their_o judgement_n as_o you_o hear_v i_o say_v before_o be_v usual_o wont_a to_o be_v observe_v of_o the_o forty_o judge_n of_o capital_a cause_n only_o this_o difference_n there_o be_v that_o in_o cause_n wherein_o the_o life_n and_o estate_n of_o any_o man_n be_v call_v in_o question_n there_o be_v no_o certain_a time_n of_o speech_n limit_v or_o impose_v whereas_o in_o limit_v a_o certain_a time_n of_o speech_n limit_v civil_a controversy_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a time_n appoint_v beyond_o which_o they_o may_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n lengthen_v or_o extend_v their_o plea_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a only_o to_o each_o of_o they_o that_o plead_v neither_o be_v there_o in_o the_o decision_n of_o these_o civil_a judgement_n many_o opinion_n allege_v out_o of_o which_o the_o college_n may_v conclusive_o choose_v one_o that_o shall_v be_v best_o to_o their_o like_n as_o in_o consultation_n upon_o the_o punishment_n of_o malefactor_n i_o tell_v you_o above_o be_v usual_o the_o custom_n but_o it_o be_v only_o here_o debate_v whether_o the_o sentence_n give_v by_o the_o former_a judge_n shall_v be_v confirm_v or_o abrogate_a if_o any_o of_o the_o auditor_n make_v intercession_n to_o that_o end_n then_o shall_v the_o question_n be_v of_o abrogate_a and_o cancel_v the_o same_o but_o otherwise_o if_o the_o matter_n come_v unto_o the_o college_n without_o the_o intercession_n or_o address_n of_o any_o auditor_n than_o the_o president_n of_o the_o college_n after_o the_o matter_n be_v of_o each_o side_n thorough_o plead_v do_v rather_o propose_v the_o strengthen_n and_o confirm_v of_o the_o former_a judgement_n than_o the_o disalowance_n or_o cancel_v thereof_o present_o all_o the_o swear_a judge_n do_v prepare_v red_a three_o several_a pot_n bring_v forth_o a_o white_a a_o green_a and_o a_o red_a themselves_o and_o go_v unto_o their_o suffrage_n and_o three_o pot_n likewise_o be_v bring_v forth_o in_o the_o green_a the_o former_a judgement_n be_v cancel_v in_o the_o white_a it_o be_v approve_v and_o in_o the_o third_o which_o be_v read_v be_v the_o ball_n of_o those_o that_o do_v yet_o remain_v doubtful_a and_o will_v have_v the_o matter_n to_o be_v adiourn_v and_o defer_v nothing_o be_v hold_v for_o absolute_a and_o decree_v unless_o more_o than_o the_o half_a do_v conclude_v and_o agree_v together_o in_o one_o opinion_n either_o for_o the_o ratify_n or_o disannul_v thereof_o of_o which_o if_o the_o judge_n be_v not_o thorough_o persuade_v so_o that_o neither_o of_o both_o be_v decide_v the_o same_o be_v then_o defer_v over_o till_o the_o next_o day_n and_o the_o same_o ceremony_n again_o renew_v and_o if_o neither_o than_o it_o be_v determine_v the_o college_n be_v call_v again_o the_o third_o day_n and_o the_o self_n same_o proceed_n use_v as_o before_o save_v only_o that_o after_o either_o side_n have_v sufficient_o plead_v and_o that_o they_o go_v again_o to_o their_o suffrage_n there_o be_v no_o far_o reckon_v make_v of_o those_o that_o remain_v doubtful_a and_o unperswade_v so_o that_o unless_o the_o suffrage_n be_v altogether_o equal_a it_o be_v determine_v and_o full_o end_v one_o way_n or_o other_o and_o the_o former_a judgement_n action_n upon_o abrogation_n of_o the_o former_a judgement_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v liberty_n to_o renew_v his_o action_n either_o full_o confirm_v or_o utter_o abrogate_a nevertheless_o upon_o abrogation_n of_o the_o former_a judgement_n the_o playntife_n be_v not_o so_o put_v off_o and_o debar_v but_o that_o he_o have_v liberty_n to_o renew_v his_o action_n again_o for_o this_o new_a cancel_v serve_v to_o no_o other_o end_n but_o only_o to_o frustrate_v and_o make_v void_a and_o invalide_v debar_v but_o upon_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o former_a sentence_n the_o party_n interest_v be_v utter_o debar_v the_o force_n of_o the_o former_a judgement_n whereas_o the_o approbation_n and_o allowance_n confirm_v and_o ratifi_v for_o ever_o the_o judgement_n that_o be_v give_v and_o pronounce_v neither_o be_v there_o leave_v to_o the_o defendant_n any_o place_n either_o of_o provocation_n or_o appeal_n or_o mean_v to_o call_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n unless_o there_o fall_v out_o some_o new_a matter_n or_o occasion_n this_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a as_o concern_v the_o old_a auditor_n now_o we_o will_v brief_o say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o new_a this_o magistrate_n be_v unknowen_a and_o not_o create_v in_o our_o commonwealth_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o venetian_a empire_n begin_v to_o embrace_v the_o main_n land_n that_o border_v upon_o our_o lake_n to_o these_o may_v appeal_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o judgement_n &_o sentence_n of_o matter_n the_o new_a auditor_n meddle_v only_o with_o foreign_a matter_n such_o governor_n &_o magistrate_n as_o without_o the_o precinct_n of_o our_o city_n do_v administer_v justice_n to_o people_n that_o do_v live_v under_o our_o subjection_n for_o the_o old_a auditor_n be_v not_o of_o themselves_o able_a and_o sufficient_a to_o understand_v and_o dispatch_v both_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o city_n and_o those_o also_o of_o foreign_a place_n for_o which_o cause_n this_o magistrate_n be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o new_a in_o regard_n that_o after_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v once_o settle_v and_o establish_v the_o city_n begin_v to_o stretch_v and_o enlarge_v her_o dominion_n over_o the_o main_a land_n of_o the_o province_n of_o venetia_n which_o as_o though_o it_o have_v never_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o same_o return_v willing_o with_o a_o frank_a and_o liberal_a good_a will_n for_o as_o i_o show_v you_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o work_n the_o noble_a sort_n of_o people_n that_o inhabit_v the_o country_n of_o venetia_n fly_v the_o barbarous_a cruelty_n of_o foreign_a nation_n &_o the_o general_a devastation_n of_o all_o italy_n do_v get_v themselves_o into_o these_o lake_n of_o we_o and_o then_o do_v lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n venetia_n why_o the_o city_n be_v first_o call_v venetia_n of_o this_o most_o opulent_a and_o flourish_a city_n call_v it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o venetia_n to_o leave_v thereby_o a_o remembrance_n unto_o their_o posterity_n that_o there_o in_o the_o same_o be_v joint_o together_o assemble_v the_o chief_a prime_n and_o flower_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o all_o the_o city_n of_o the_o territory_n of_o venetia_n so_o that_o in_o short_a space_n when_o the_o rule_n and_o empire_n thereof_o begin_v infinite_o to_o increase_v one_o magistrate_n can_v not_o serve_v for_o the_o dispatch_n both_o of_o foreign_a and_o domestical_a cause_n and_o therefore_o this_o new_a magistrate_n be_v judge_n the_o
not_o omit_v anything_o that_o may_v tend_v to_o the_o common_a benefit_n and_o good_a of_o their_o country_n the_o end_n of_o the_o four_o book_n the_o five_o book_n of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n see_v that_o the_o whole_a form_n and_o order_n of_o the_o government_n of_o our_o common_a wealth_n be_v in_o manner_n of_o we_o already_o express_v and_o the_o office_n and_o order_n of_o the_o magistrate_n within_o the_o city_n i_o think_v i_o shall_v not_o do_v a_o thing_n unpleasing_a or_o unfit_a for_o the_o matter_n i_o have_v in_o hand_n if_o i_o speak_v somewhat_o of_o abroad_o the_o government_n abroad_o the_o magistrate_n abroad_o watâ—es_n the_o government_n of_o the_o watâ—es_n those_o i_o mean_v that_o have_v rule_v and_o authority_n in_o such_o city_n as_o be_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n then_o of_o our_o militare_fw-la charge_n &_o bear_v the_o office_n of_o the_o citizen_n that_o be_v not_o noble_o bear_v government_n and_o last_o of_o the_o office_n of_o the_o other_o citizen_n that_o be_v not_o within_o the_o order_n of_o nobility_n which_o be_v declare_v and_o make_v manifest_a i_o may_v and_o that_o as_o i_o trust_v without_o reprehension_n convenient_o and_o with_o the_o conclusion_n and_o shut_v up_o of_o this_o work_n subjection_n the_o manner_n use_v by_o the_o venetian_n in_o govern_v such_o city_n as_o be_v under_o their_o subjection_n over_o the_o noble_a city_n of_o the_o state_n there_o be_v appoint_v four_o magistrate_n one_o only_a governor_n do_v justice_n to_o all_o determine_v and_o sentence_v all_o cause_n aswell_o civil_a as_o criminal_a this_o governor_n have_v always_o sit_v with_o he_o in_o judgement_n man_n skilful_a in_o the_o law_n who_o counsel_n he_o use_v though_o the_o whole_a authority_n rest_n in_o himself_o beside_o he_o there_o be_v a_o captain_n general_a commander_n over_o the_o soldier_n of_o that_o territory_n aswell_o those_o that_o be_v in_o garrison_n in_o the_o city_n as_o those_o that_o be_v encamp_v or_o lodge_v abroad_o in_o the_o country_n over_o they_o have_v the_o governor_n no_o charge_n at_o all_o but_o only_o the_o captain_n general_a beside_o the_o care_n of_o the_o castle_n the_o wall_n and_o the_o gate_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o captain_n likewise_o of_o the_o rent_n and_o tribute_n aswell_o of_o the_o city_n as_o of_o the_o whole_a country_n belong_v unto_o it_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v a_o treasurer_n or_o two_o that_o administer_v pay_v and_o recoverth_n the_o public_a money_n and_o keep_v the_o book_n and_o register_n of_o the_o public_a account_n but_o he_o do_v not_o any_o thing_n without_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o captain_n and_o sometime_o both_o of_o the_o captain_n and_o the_o governor_n which_o manner_n of_o administration_n seem_v much_o more_o fit_a then_o if_o both_o the_o authority_n and_o the_o handle_n of_o the_o money_n shall_v have_v be_v commit_v to_o one_o of_o they_o alone_o whereby_o the_o public_a treasure_n may_v much_o more_o easy_o have_v be_v embezele_v and_o misspend_v but_o the_o money_n that_o remain_v overplus_n above_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o province_n be_v carry_v to_o venice_n and_o deliver_v to_o the_o treasurer_n of_o the_o city_n to_o who_o office_n as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o public_a money_n be_v bring_v from_o all_o part_n the_o four_o magistrate_n of_o authority_n in_o every_o principal_a city_n be_v the_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o castle_n in_o some_o place_n there_o be_v but_o one_o and_o in_o some_o more_o they_o command_v over_o those_o soldier_n that_o be_v in_o garrison_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o such_o weapon_n victual_n artillery_n and_o munition_n as_o be_v within_o the_o castle_n yet_o the_o lieutenant_n have_v not_o so_o absolute_a authority_n within_o the_o castle_n but_o that_o he_o be_v always_o subject_a to_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o captain_n general_a to_o who_o authority_n and_o power_n all_o thing_n of_o that_o kind_n be_v whole_o attribute_v but_o in_o lesser_a city_n or_o town_n there_o be_v no_o captain_n general_a all_o thing_n be_v there_o under_o commandment_n of_o the_o governor_n likewise_o in_o such_o town_n as_o be_v within_o the_o precinct_n of_o great_a city_n the_o governor_n only_o administer_v right_a to_o the_o townsman_n and_o no_o other_o magistrate_n though_o the_o treasurer_n &_o captain_n have_v also_o authority_n throughout_o the_o whole_a territory_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n from_o all_o these_o governors_n appeal_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o new_a auditor_n sometime_o also_o the_o aduocator_n be_v wont_a to_o sit_v with_o the_o governor_n upon_o sentence_n of_o life_n and_o death_n but_o because_o thereby_o judgement_n be_v oftentimes_o delay_v and_o lewd_a person_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n not_o punish_v there_o be_v a_o law_n make_v by_o the_o college_n of_o the_o ten_o that_o the_o aduocator_n shall_v not_o have_v any_o far_a authority_n in_o such_o judgement_n as_o be_v give_v by_o the_o governor_n but_o that_o he_o shall_v only_o use_v the_o advice_n of_o such_o doctor_n of_o law_n as_o before_o i_o say_v be_v to_o sit_v with_o he_o in_o judgement_n and_o this_o in_o my_o opinion_n already_o say_v may_v suffice_v concern_v the_o magistrate_n by_o who_o our_o common_a wealth_n be_v gonern_v both_o abroad_o and_o at_o home_n but_o see_v there_o be_v aswell_o a_o reckon_n to_o be_v make_v of_o manage_v war_n as_o of_o maintain_v peace_n which_o whosoever_o whole_o do_v reject_v can_v as_o plato_n say_v in_o his_o polytique_n long_o defend_v and_o maintain_v themselves_o in_o freedom_n and_o liberty_n but_o those_o that_o have_v leave_v unto_o their_o posterity_n the_o true_a direction_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n commend_v the_o use_n of_o both_o to_o the_o end_n that_o in_o time_n of_o war_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v unfit_a for_o the_o exercise_n thereof_o and_o that_o in_o peace_n they_o may_v live_v in_o honest_a exercise_n under_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o their_o country_n so_o that_o always_o the_o virtue_n and_o exercise_n of_o war_n have_v a_o reference_n to_o the_o study_n of_o peace_n as_o be_v of_o the_o two_o the_o most_o excellent_a and_o desirable_a for_o such_o be_v the_o very_a force_n work_v and_o operation_n of_o nature_n itself_o in_o every_o thing_n that_o first_o it_o shall_v covet_v and_o seek_v that_o which_o be_v to_o itself_o convevient_a and_o then_o resist_v and_o defend_v themselves_o from_o that_o which_o be_v contrary_a thereunto_o which_o in_o all_o live_a creature_n that_o be_v create_v with_o any_o perfection_n of_o nature_n be_v easy_a to_o be_v discern_v for_o there_o be_v none_o of_o they_o which_o want_v a_o desire_n lead_v he_o to_o that_o which_o to_o his_o nature_n be_v most_o agreeable_a and_o likewise_o there_o be_v adjoin_v to_o the_o same_o a_o force_n and_o ability_n to_o be_v angry_a which_o plato_n place_v in_o the_o heart_n to_o the_o end_n that_o through_o the_o stir_v thereof_o every_o creature_n may_v be_v prone_a to_o resist_v and_o repel_v that_o which_o be_v to_o his_o nature_n noisome_a and_o contrary_a the_o first_o seed_n then_o of_o either_o of_o these_o part_n be_v by_o nature_n place_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n as_o be_v of_o all_o other_o creature_n the_o most_o perfect_a aught_o of_o civil_a man_n to_o be_v embrace_v that_o they_o may_v bring_v forth_o the_o fruit_n of_o either_o effect_n that_o be_v both_o of_o war_n and_o peace_n which_o course_n be_v not_o neglect_v of_o our_o ancestor_n howsoever_o to_o some_o it_o seem_v otherwise_o for_o though_o the_o city_n be_v build_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o at_o the_o first_o for_o many_o year_n careless_a of_o extend_v their_o dominion_n and_o rule_n over_o the_o continent_n do_v not_o apply_v themselves_o to_o land_n war_n yet_o do_v they_o with_o marvellous_a glory_n of_o success_n bend_v themselves_o to_o war_n by_o sea_n atchive_v therewith_o many_o notable_a exploit_n aswell_o in_o defence_n of_o their_o own_o liberty_n as_o in_o revenge_n of_o injury_n do_v they_o by_o their_o enemy_n and_o many_o great_a and_o glorious_a deed_n of_o the_o venetian_n do_v yet_o remain_v in_o ancient_a record_n &_o many_o triumph_n and_o victory_n wrest_v by_o sea_n from_o fierce_a and_o puissant_a nation_n whereby_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o conjecture_v of_o the_o mightiness_n of_o the_o venetian_n by_o sea_n in_o forepast_a time_n but_o in_o the_o end_n yield_v to_o the_o instant_a petition_n of_o the_o oppress_a border_a people_n who_o can_v not_o endure_v the_o rapine_n and_o cruelty_n of_o several_a tyrant_n that_o have_v bring_v they_o into_o subjection_n they_o send_v force_n into_o the_o mayneland_n and_o expel_v the_o tyrant_n do_v with_o a_o infinite_a applause_n and_o willingness_n of_o the_o people_n receive_v all_o
city_n answer_v upon_o the_o water_n which_o though_o the_o answer_n also_o upon_o the_o street_n for_o every_o one_o have_v two_o entry_n one_o by_o water_n another_z by_z land_n yet_o the_o fair_a show_n be_v common_o still_o to_o the_o water_n there_o be_v also_o sundry_a very_o fair_a house_n who_o principal_a front_n be_v to_o the_o street_n but_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o street_n hinder_v and_o eclipse_v the_o magnificence_n of_o their_o sight_n much_o garbage_n and_o filthiness_n fall_v from_o the_o city_n into_o the_o channel_n which_o be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o water_n and_o yet_o that_o alone_o will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n but_o that_o they_o be_v also_o continual_o cleanse_v and_o take_v away_o healthy_a tâ—e_v air_n of_o venice_n very_o healthy_a in_o time_n pass_v as_o victrwius_fw-la write_v the_o air_n of_o venice_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o lake_n be_v think_v to_o be_v unwholesome_a but_o now_o they_o hold_v that_o the_o air_n of_o venice_n &_o padova_n be_v pure_a and_o more_o healthy_a then_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o italy_n in_o so_o much_o that_o there_o be_v not_o in_o any_o place_n to_o be_v find_v more_o lusty_o old_a man_n well_o colour_v &_o of_o good_a complexion_n donatus_n distinguish_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o venice_n into_o venetian_n three_o sort_n &_o degree_n among_o the_o venetian_n three_o part_n viz._n plebeian_n citizen_n &_o gentleman_n the_o plebeian_n he_o term_v to_o be_v those_o that_o exercise_v base_a art_n utter_o uncapable_a of_o office_n or_o degree_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o citizen_n to_o be_v merchant_n &_o man_n of_o a_o degree_n above_o the_o other_o capable_a of_o certain_a popular_a office_n and_o the_o gentleman_n to_o be_v those_o of_o the_o great_a council_n lord_n of_o the_o state_n etc._n etc._n as_o above_o but_o this_o distinction_n be_v particular_a unto_o himself_o contrary_a to_o sabellicus_n contarene_n and_o the_o rest_n who_o only_o divide_v they_o into_o two_o plebeians_z and_o patritian_n viz._n the_o common_a people_n and_o the_o gentleman_n the_o first_o beginning_n of_o the_o city_n be_v in_o the_o year_n 421._o city_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o city_n the_o first_o part_n that_o be_v build_v thereof_o be_v the_o church_n of_o s._n james_n that_o be_v now_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o rialto_n in_o the_o year_n 1342._o andrea_n dandulo_fw-la be_v duke_n there_o plague_n a_o great_a plague_n die_v of_o the_o pestilence_n so_o great_a a_o multitude_n of_o people_n in_o venice_n that_o to_o repeople_v the_o same_o again_o they_o be_v fain_o to_o grant_v to_o all_o such_o as_o will_v come_v dwell_v within_o venice_n after_o two_o year_n habitation_n freedom_n of_o their_o city_n man_n their_o number_n of_o fight_a man_n there_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v twenty_o thousand_o house_n in_o the_o city_n so_o that_o according_a to_o their_o computation_n allow_v out_o of_o every_o family_n two_o they_o be_v able_a to_o arm_v forty_o thousand_o fight_a man_n and_o in_o former_a time_n have_v do_v so_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o state_n abroad_o and_o at_o home_n be_v think_v to_o be_v 3000._o they_o be_v absolute_o lord_n of_o the_o city_n and_o whole_a estate_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n the_o child_n and_o brethren_n of_o the_o duke_n live_v and_o of_o the_o duke_n that_o be_v decease_v be_v always_o hold_v in_o very_o great_a honour_n and_o much_o respect_v the_o ball_n which_o they_o do_v use_v in_o the_o great_a council_n be_v either_o of_o copper_n or_o tin_n of_o which_o some_o be_v guilt_v &_o some_o silver_a whosoever_o be_v choose_v elector_n for_o any_o office_n may_v if_o he_o shall_v so_o think_v good_a name_n himself_o in_o the_o same_o and_o so_o stand_v to_o the_o comprobation_n of_o the_o suffrage_n as_o in_o the_o former_a treatise_n be_v mention_v when_o any_o weighty_a matter_n be_v to_o be_v handle_v in_o the_o great_a council_n as_o the_o establishment_n of_o a_o new_a law_n or_o the_o definitive_a determination_n of_o any_o great_a judgement_n there_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v 600._o gentleman_n in_o the_o hall_n &_o four_o councillor_n or_o else_o the_o same_o may_v not_o pass_v pomp_n signori_fw-it dell_fw-it pomp_n there_o be_v certain_a magistrate_n of_o who_o the_o former_a treatise_n make_v no_o mention_n call_v signiori_fw-it dell_fw-it pomp_n who_o be_v diligent_o to_o look_v into_o the_o reformation_n of_o apparel_n and_o moderation_n of_o excess_n general_o in_o all_o other_o expense_n and_o final_o to_o see_v all_o such_o law_n strict_o observe_v as_o be_v in_o those_o behalf_n provide_v censor_n censor_n there_o be_v likewise_o of_o late_o institute_v and_o create_v with_o great_a authority_n two_o censor_n who_o office_n be_v chief_o to_o repress_v the_o ambition_n of_o the_o gentleman_n &_o to_o look_v with_o severity_n into_o their_o faultinesse_n there_o be_v a_o law_n late_o propound_v by_o they_o in_o the_o great_a council_n and_o by_o the_o same_o with_o great_a allowance_n ratify_v and_o enact_v that_o thence_o forward_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o congratulation_n use_v at_o break_v up_o of_o the_o council_n with_o those_o that_o have_v obtain_v office_n and_o honour_n which_o still_o remain_v in_o vigour_n and_o force_n for_o before_o time_n every_o man_n at_o the_o open_n of_o the_o council_n will_v press_v to_o take_v they_o by_o the_o hand_n that_o be_v elect_v for_o magistrate_n protest_v with_o many_o vow_n that_o they_o be_v glad_a in_o their_o heart_n of_o the_o honour_n and_o advauncement_n befall_v they_o yea_o even_o those_o will_v say_v so_o that_o have_v give_v their_o suffiage_n against_o they_o which_o be_v by_o the_o censor_n judge_v to_o be_v a_o great_a abuse_n and_o unworthy_a of_o the_o venetian_a nobility_n be_v in_o all_o other_o thing_n so_o grave_a &_o honourable_a upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o duke_n the_o six_o high_a counsellor_n do_v present_o enter_v into_o the_o palace_n the_o elder_a counsellor_n supply_v the_o place_n of_o the_o decease_a duke_n and_o dispatch_v sundry_a thing_n that_o do_v appertain_v unto_o the_o royal_a office_n all_o letter_n that_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o state_n send_v forth_o be_v entitle_v under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o governor_n &_o all_o such_o as_o be_v send_v unto_o they_o be_v so_o direct_v &_o superscribe_v they_o never_o stir_v out_o of_o the_o palace_n till_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o new_a duke_n the_o great_a gate_n also_o of_o the_o palace_n be_v close_v and_o only_o a_o wicket_n leave_v open_a for_o people_n to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o keep_v there_o also_o a_o guard_n of_o man_n the_o same_o rather_o for_o a_o solemnity_n and_o ancient_a custom_n than_o any_o needful_a occasion_n for_o there_o be_v in_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n no_o great_a alteration_n at_o the_o death_n of_o their_o duke_n then_o at_o the_o death_n of_o any_o other_o private_a gentleman_n only_o the_o magistrate_n do_v not_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n assemble_v about_o the_o dispatch_n of_o affair_n till_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o new_a duke_n have_v no_o leisure_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o business_n thereabouts_o to_o attend_v to_o any_o thing_n else_o funeral_n the_o duke_n funeral_n the_o body_n of_o the_o dead_a duke_n be_v adorn_v with_o royal_a garment_n be_v bring_v into_o a_o low_a hall_n which_o they_o call_v sala_n de_fw-fr pioveghi_n where_o it_o be_v keep_v three_o day_n together_o &_o there_o be_v twenty_o gentleman_n all_o attire_v in_o scarlet_a appoint_v to_o accompany_v the_o corpse_n into_o the_o say_a hall_n and_o to_o sit_v round_o about_o it_o which_o likewise_o they_o do_v the_o follow_a day_n at_o the_o end_n whereof_o his_o funeral_n be_v solemnize_v with_o all_o requisite_a pomp_n and_o magnificence_n after_o the_o burial_n of_o the_o duke_n the_o great_a council_n be_v present_o assemble_v and_o in_o their_o first_o sit_v there_o be_v choose_v five_o corrector_n and_o three_o inquisitor_n the_o office_n of_o the_o inquisitor_n be_v diligent_o to_o examine_v the_o life_n and_o death_n their_o office_n continue_v but_o a_o year_n after_o the_o duke_n death_n action_n of_o the_o pass_a duke_n and_o whether_o he_o have_v observe_v their_o country_n law_n if_o they_o find_v he_o faulty_a they_o be_v bind_v to_o accuse_v he_o and_o the_o penalty_n by_o he_o deserve_v light_v always_o upon_o his_o heir_n who_o yet_o be_v no_o otherwise_o punish_v then_o only_o by_o the_o purse_n they_o amerce_v the_o heir_n of_o loredanus_n one_o of_o their_o late_a duke_n in_o 1500._o crown_n only_o because_o he_o have_v not_o uphelde_v his_o dignity_n with_o such_o majesty_n and_o magnificence_n as_o he_o shall_v have_v do_v and_o yet_o otherwise_o all_o they_o acknowledge_v he_o to_o have_v be_v a_o very_a wise_a and_o well_o deserve_a prince_n the_o
office_n of_o the_o corrector_n be_v to_o see_v whether_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v any_o new_a law_n or_o to_o correct_v or_o amend_v any_o abuse_n creep_v in_o under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o other_o prince_n when_o the_o duke_n go_v abroad_o all_o the_o bell_n of_o s._n mark_v be_v ring_v and_o there_o go_v before_o he_o sound_v many_o trnmpet_n of_o very_a extraordinary_a greatness_n and_o there_o be_v likewise_o bear_v before_o he_o certain_a streamer_n and_o banner_n than_o a_o cushion_n and_o a_o chair_n of_o gold_n and_o music_n next_o follow_v the_o person_n of_o the_o duke_n under_o a_o cannopie_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o two_o of_o the_o chief_a ambassador_n the_o rest_n follow_v he_o behind_o then_o follow_v next_o after_o they_o thirty_o couple_n of_o gentleman_n wearing_z all_o garment_n after_o the_o ducall_a fashion_n either_o of_o cloth_n or_o scarlet_a he_o that_o be_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o first_o couple_n carry_v a_o sword_n upright_o in_o his_o hand_n the_o duke_n have_v yearly_a allow_v he_o out_o of_o the_o common_a money_n a_o thousand_o and_o fifty_o pound_n of_o our_o money_n treasure_n 3500._o crown_n towards_o his_o expense_n every_o wednesday_n the_o duke_n use_v to_o come_v down_o from_o his_o tribunal_n and_o to_o go_v to_o the_o court_n where_o the_o other_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n do_v administer_v justice_n and_o to_o look_v into_o their_o proceed_n exhort_v and_o admonish_v they_o to_o do_v that_o which_o equity_n and_o right_n require_v &_o if_o any_o suitor_n do_v think_v there_o that_o his_o case_n be_v not_o just_o deal_v withal_o he_o may_v with_o all_o humbleness_n recommend_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o duke_n which_o if_o the_o duke_n find_v to_o be_v so_o indeed_o he_o present_o command_v the_o magistrate_n to_o do_v he_o reason_n but_o if_o contrary_a he_o than_o reprehend_v he_o that_o make_v the_o complaint_n and_o so_o proceed_v on_o forward_o some_o of_o the_o late_a duke_n have_v change_v this_o order_n and_o do_v not_o keep_v any_o one_o certain_a day_n in_o this_o visitation_n of_o court_n to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o may_v chance_v in_o upon_o the_o magistrate_n on_o a_o sudden_a and_o take_v they_o at_o unwares_o whereas_o contaren_n in_o the_o former_a treatise_n write_v of_o a_o present_a of_o five_o wild_a duck_n which_o the_o duke_n be_v yearly_a accustom_v to_o send_v to_o every_o gentleman_n that_o money_n the_o yearly_a present_a of_o wildfowl_n alter_v into_o money_n have_v not_o be_v at_o his_o feast_n now_o since_o the_o time_n in_o which_o he_o write_v that_o kind_n of_o present_a be_v turn_v into_o a_o piece_n of_o silver_n coin_n upon_o one_o side_n of_o which_o be_v the_o picture_n of_o a_o mark_n reach_v a_o standard_n to_o the_o duke_n and_o on_o the_o other_o the_o name_n of_o the_o duke_n with_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n with_o this_o circumscription_n donum_fw-la a._n g._n ducis_fw-la venetorum_fw-la the_o counsel_n of_o ten_o be_v a_o mighty_a member_n of_o the_o venetian_a commonweealth_n have_v in_o some_o sort_n a_o kind_n of_o likeness_n in_o authority_n to_o the_o roman_a dictator_n that_o be_v create_v in_o time_n of_o danger_n for_o in_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n deep_o touch_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o require_v either_o secrecy_n or_o speed_n of_o dispatch_n either_o of_o the_o which_o shall_v be_v hinder_v if_o they_o shall_v communicate_v the_o same_o to_o the_o great_a council_n or_o to_o the_o senate_n they_o may_v of_o themselves_o determine_v and_o end_v it_o as_o to_o denounce_v a_o war_n to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n to_o send_v a_o proveditor_n into_o the_o army_n or_o to_o manage_v underhande_o a_o secret_a practice_n of_o either_o of_o which_o they_o have_v many_o precedent_n of_o happy_a success_n to_o the_o state_n always_o in_o these_o speedy_a deliberation_n there_o assemble_v with_o they_o the_o duke_n and_o six_o councillor_n which_o assembly_n be_v simple_o &_o absolute_o call_v the_o council_n of_o the_o ten_o the_o council_n of_o ten_o have_v certain_a galley_n in_o the_o arsenal_n particular_o ten_o capi_n de_fw-fr dieci_fw-fr head_n of_o the_o ten_o belong_v to_o their_o commandment_n &_o charge_n sign_v with_o these_o two_o letter_n c._n and_o x._o for_o capi_n de_fw-fr dieci_fw-fr the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o this_o college_n of_o ten_o be_v so_o great_a &_o by_o reason_n thereof_o so_o subject_a to_o envy_v of_o the_o rest_n that_o sundry_a time_n when_o their_o term_n be_v expire_v there_o be_v much_o a_o do_v to_o consent_v to_o the_o creation_n of_o these_o successor_n for_o remedy_n of_o which_o inconnenience_n there_o be_v such_o mean_n wrought_v that_o there_o be_v a_o law_n make_v that_o the_o old_a council_n of_o ten_o shall_v keep_v themselves_o still_o in_o authority_n till_o such_o time_n as_o those_o new_a that_o shall_v succeed_v in_o their_o place_n be_v create_v &_o establish_v and_o full_o confirm_v the_o office_n of_o procurator_n though_o it_o be_v not_o any_o of_o those_o wherein_o the_o virtue_n and_o force_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n government_n consist_v yet_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a most_o desire_a and_o best_a respect_a dignity_n of_o venice_n continue_v during_o the_o life_n of_o those_o that_o be_v once_o elect_v even_o like_a to_o that_o of_o the_o duke_n it_o be_v also_o one_o of_o the_o ancient_a office_n still_o from_o time_n to_o time_n maintain_v itself_o in_o honour_n and_o reputation_n even_o unto_o this_o present_a age_n so_o that_o there_o be_v never_o in_o venice_n any_o gentleman_n of_o any_o principal_a reckon_n but_o that_o do_v think_v himself_o great_o honour_v with_o this_o dignity_n and_o since_o the_o first_o institution_n thereof_o few_o have_v be_v choose_v duke_n that_o have_v not_o first_o be_v procurator_n ancient_o there_o be_v only_o one_o procurator_n appoint_v to_o have_v care_n of_o the_o temple_n of_o saint_n mark_v and_o of_o the_o holy_a ornament_n and_o treasure_n thereunto_o belong_v but_o afterwards_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o d._n sebastian_n ciam_fw-la who_o leave_v a_o great_a and_o mighty_a beqeve_v to_o s._n mark_v &_o withal_o the_o oversight_n and_o charge_n of_o all_o his_o rent_n &_o revenue_n to_o the_o procurator_n the_o greatness_n whereof_o exceed_v the_o sufficiency_n of_o any_o one_o magistrate_n thorough_o to_o take_v care_n of_o and_o withal_o not_o to_o neglect_v his_o other_o charge_n belong_v to_o the_o temple_n there_o be_v a_o other_o procurator_n create_v to_o take_v charge_n alone_o of_o this_o legacy_n and_o bequest_n of_o sebastian_n ciam_fw-la who_o honest_a fidelity_n correspond_v to_o the_o trust_v repose_v in_o he_o encourage_v many_o at_o their_o death_n to_o leave_v the_o administration_n of_o their_o good_n unto_o he_o insomuch_o that_o he_o grow_v unable_a to_o bear_v the_o burden_n of_o so_o many_o affair_n there_o be_v a_o three_o procurator_n choose_v in_o the_o year_n 1270._o rimeri_fw-la zenocrate_n o_o belling_n then_o duke_n and_o the_o business_n so_o divide_v between_o they_o that_o one_o shall_v look_v to_o the_o temple_n and_o the_o treasure_n thereof_o another_o to_o those_o legacy_n that_o be_v make_v on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o great_a channel_n and_o the_o third_o to_o those_o that_o be_v make_v on_o the_o further_a side_n thereof_o in_o this_o duke_n time_n be_v also_o the_o four_o create_v and_o appoint_v to_o assist_v he_o that_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o temple_n of_o s._n mark_v and_o the_o treasure_n thereof_o in_o equal_a authority_n two_o more_o be_v make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o d._n giovani_n soveranzo_n and_o three_o more_o in_o the_o year_n 1423._o francisco_n foscaro_n be_v duke_n so_o that_o they_o be_v in_o all_o nine_o three_o for_o the_o temple_n of_o s._n mark_v and_o the_o church_n treasure_n three_o for_o the_o oversight_n of_o legacy_n make_v on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o great_a channel_n and_o three_o for_o those_o on_o the_o further_a side_n the_o year_n 1509._o when_v their_o army_n be_v overthrow_v at_o adda_n by_o lewes_n the_o 12._o king_n of_o france_n the_o commonwealth_n be_v in_o distress_n they_o be_v content_v for_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o impart_v this_o dignity_n to_o six_o more_o and_o since_o have_v be_v so_o many_o make_v that_o they_o come_v in_o all_o to_o be_v four_o and_o twenty_o all_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v add_v to_o the_o first_o nine_o have_v several_a procuration_n appoint_v they_o as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o former_a treatise_n they_o have_v likewise_o authority_n to_o constrain_v the_o heir_n to_o perform_v the_o will_n of_o the_o testator_n they_o wear_v such_o fashion_a garment_n as_o the_o duke_n do_v and_o be_v follow_v with_o many_o servant_n in_o procession_n the_o six_o councillor_n do_v go_v before_o
offence_n or_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o offendor_n now_o the_o time_n magistrate_n two_o sort_n of_o inferior_a magistrate_n require_v that_o we_o shall_v brief_o speak_v of_o some_o inferior_a magistrate_n that_o have_v authority_n to_o punish_v offence_n of_o less_o quality_n and_o moment_n either_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o fault_n itself_o or_o the_o slender_a regard_n &_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n that_o commit_v the_o same_o these_o also_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n the_o other_o not_o their_o authority_n stretch_v no_o far_a than_o to_o the_o punishment_n of_o rogue_n and_o harlot_n who_o they_o cause_v to_o be_v imprison_v or_o whip_v with_o rod_n every_o of_o they_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o commit_a lewdness_n the_o first_o magistrate_n also_o that_o have_v power_n to_o give_v sentence_n of_o life_n and_o death_n be_v likewise_o divide_v into_o two_o sort_n for_o the_o self_n same_o judge_n do_v not_o search_v out_o and_o examine_v and_o call_v to_o trial_n the_o offendor_n but_o the_o first_o be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o officer_n by_o night_n do_v thorough_o examine_v the_o cause_n of_o night_n officer_n of_o night_n the_o offender_n and_o register_v up_o in_o write_v the_o deposition_n of_o the_o witness_n &_o whatsoever_o else_o the_o party_n have_v confess_v either_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n or_o else_o by_o the_o constraint_n of_o torture_n and_o then_o final_o represent_v the_o whole_a to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o property_n this_o magistrate_n differ_v property_n judge_n of_o the_o property_n much_o from_o the_o former_a and_o give_v sentence_n of_o death_n when_o the_o cause_n in_o handle_v be_v capital_a but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o light_a offence_n to_o be_v punish_v only_o with_o whip_v or_o imprisonment_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o officer_n by_o night_n do_v of_o themselves_o dispatch_v the_o matter_n without_o ask_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o college_n either_o for_o the_o imprison_a or_o torture_v the_o offendor_n which_o authority_n never_o thelesse_o the_o office_n of_o the_o aduocator_n have_v not_o but_o must_v first_o acquaint_v the_o college_n and_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o decree_n thereof_o neither_o be_v the_o same_o so_o ordain_v without_o exceed_a reason_n and_o foundation_n for_o that_o for_o every_o small_a matter_n and_o the_o offence_n of_o every_o baggage_n fellow_n the_o council_n shall_v have_v be_v move_v both_o the_o common_a wealth_n shall_v have_v be_v overmuch_o trouble_v with_o many_o impertenent_a brabler_n and_o also_o lewd_a fellow_n shall_v have_v have_v a_o great_a scope_n of_o live_v licentious_o through_o the_o hope_n of_o escape_v punishment_n for_o great_a expedition_n thereof_o of_o these_o kind_n of_o judgement_n the_o head_n or_o chieftain_n of_o the_o officer_n by_o night_n do_v obtain_v that_o authority_n of_o which_o the_o aduocator_n be_v deprive_v these_o officer_n of_o the_o night_n be_v six_o and_o six_o likewise_o be_v those_o mean_a officer_n that_o have_v only_a power_n to_o correct_v base_a vagabond_n and_o tryfel_a offence_n those_o that_o do_v execute_v this_o office_n be_v call_v head_n of_o the_o tribe_n of_o the_o city_n because_o out_o of_o every_o tribe_n for_o the_o city_n be_v divide_v into_o six_o tribe_n there_o be_v elect_v a_o officer_n of_o the_o night_n and_o a_o head_n of_o the_o tribe_n which_o custom_n also_o we_o observe_v in_o the_o election_n of_o our_o councillor_n as_o here_o before_o i_o have_v express_v the_o duty_n of_o either_o of_o these_o officer_n be_v to_o keep_v a_o watch_n every_o other_o night_n by_o turn_n within_o their_o tribe_n and_o now_o the_o one_o and_o then_o the_o other_o to_o make_v round_n about_o his_o quarter_n till_o the_o dawn_n of_o the_o day_n be_v always_o guard_v and_o attend_v on_o with_o weapon_v officer_n and_o sergeant_n and_o to_o see_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o disorder_n do_v in_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n which_o always_o imboldn_v man_n ill_o dispose_v to_o naughtiness_n and_o that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o house_n break_v up_o nor_o thief_n nor_o rogueslurking_a in_o corner_n with_o intent_n to_o do_v violence_n at_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o the_o city_n either_o of_o these_o office_n be_v of_o great_a estimation_n but_o since_o new_a magistrate_n be_v add_v according_a to_o the_o change_n of_o the_o time_n and_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n the_o same_o be_v much_o diminish_v and_o of_o lesser_a respect_n for_o the_o chief_a authority_n be_v transfer_v over_o to_o the_o new_a officer_n there_o remain_v only_o in_o their_o court_n the_o decision_n of_o base_a and_o baggage_n matter_n as_o the_o suds_n or_o lees_n of_o the_o rest_n hitherto_o there_o be_v enough_o say_v of_o those_o magistrate_n that_o do_v determine_v capital_a cause_n in_o the_o next_o volume_n we_o will_v speak_v of_o civil_a judgemente_n the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o book_n the_o four_o book_n of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n it_o have_v be_v always_o a_o perpetual_a continue_a custom_n in_o the_o common_a magistrate_n the_o whole_a high_a and_o chief_a authority_n of_o all_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o counsel_n and_o not_o to_o any_o particular_a magistrate_n wealth_n of_o venice_n that_o no_o magistrate_n whatsoever_o shall_v have_v in_o matter_n of_o weight_n and_o importance_n high_a &_o chief_a authority_n but_o that_o the_o same_o shall_v whole_o belong_v to_o the_o college_n or_o rather_o use_v the_o common_a manner_n of_o speech_n to_o the_o counsel_n insomuch_o that_o in_o civil_a cause_n such_o as_o forty_o in_o civil_a cause_n the_o party_n prejudice_v may_v after_o judgement_n give_v appeal_n to_o the_o auditor_n and_o to_o the_o college_n of_o the_o forty_o shall_v exceed_v the_o sum_n of_o five_o and_o forty_o crown_n there_o be_v not_o any_o magistrate_n from_o who_o judgement_n the_o party_n may_v not_o appeal_v to_o the_o auditor_n of_o the_o civil_a cause_n and_o to_o the_o college_n of_o forty_o of_o who_o we_o have_v here_o above_o make_v mention_n but_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o whole_a manner_n of_o these_o civil_a judgement_n may_v be_v make_v manifest_a and_o plain_a we_o new_a two_o sort_n of_o auditor_n the_o old_a and_o the_o new_a will_v begin_v with_o the_o auditor_n which_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o old_a and_o the_o new_a the_o old_a do_v derive_v their_o name_n from_o the_o antiquity_n of_o their_o office_n new_a the_o old_a auditor_n more_o ancient_a than_o the_o new_a and_o be_v much_o more_o ancient_a than_o that_o of_o the_o new_a which_o be_v altogether_o unknown_a in_o this_o commonwealth_n till_o the_o same_o begin_v to_o have_v dominion_n over_o the_o main_a land_n many_o age_n after_o the_o build_n of_o the_o city_n these_o old_a auditor_n have_v in_o manner_n the_o same_o authority_n in_o determination_n of_o civil_a cause_n after_o they_o be_v debate_v of_o &_o judge_v by_o the_o civil_a judge_n as_o the_o advocator_n have_v in_o all_o such_o matter_n as_o any_o way_n they_o shall_v think_v to_o be_v offensive_a to_o the_o law_n i_o mean_v in_o receive_v of_o appeal_n or_o make_v of_o report_n over_o when_o therefore_o by_o the_o civil_a judge_n there_o be_v any_o sentence_n give_v against_o any_o man_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o he_o who_o receive_v prejudice_n thereby_o to_o appeal_v from_o their_o judgement_n to_o the_o auditor_n the_o cause_n then_o be_v bring_v into_o their_o court_n and_o of_o either_o side_n plead_v &_o debate_v of_o those_o between_o who_o the_o controversy_n depend_v if_o the_o same_o exceed_v not_o the_o sum_n of_o fifty_o crown_n they_o may_v of_o their_o own_o authority_n so_o they_o agree_v all_o in_o one_o end_n and_o determine_v the_o same_o without_o the_o college_n of_o the_o forty_o or_o if_o they_o disagree_v in_o opinion_n than_o one_o of_o they_o have_v authority_n to_o make_v report_n over_o find_v three_o judge_n that_o have_v authority_n to_o judge_v and_o determine_v on_o thing_n that_o be_v find_v to_o a_o very_a small_a college_n where_o the_o company_n of_o either_o auditor_n do_v note_n and_o likewise_o three_o other_o judge_n that_o usual_o do_v sit_v upon_o thing_n that_o be_v find_v and_o there_o these_o lesser_a affair_n be_v absolute_o determine_v but_o if_o the_o whole_a cause_n do_v amount_v above_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o foresay_a sum_n before_o our_o time_n the_o matter_n can_v not_o have_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o college_n of_o the_o forty_o unless_o someone_o of_o the_o auditor_n have_v interpose_v himself_o and_o make_v report_n of_o the_o sentence_n so_o give_v by_o the_o judge_n unto_o the_o forty_o but_o in_o this_o time_n of_o we_o there_o be_v a_o law_n make_v whereby_o liberty_n be_v grant_v unto_o