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but_o after_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n he_o resolve_v that_o it_o be_v a_o popular_a estate_n when_o all_o the_o people_n or_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o he_o put_v the_o case_n that_o if_o there_o be_v threescore_o thousand_o citizen_n and_o forty_o thousand_o of_o they_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o twenty_o thousand_o be_v exclude_v it_o shall_v be_v call_v a_o popular_a estate_n but_o i_o must_v tell_v he_o though_o fifty_o nine_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o ninety_o nine_o of_o they_o govern_v yet_o it_o be_v no_o popular_a estate_n for_o if_o but_o one_o man_n be_v exclude_v the_o same_o reason_n that_o exclude_v that_o one_o man_n may_v exclude_v many_o hundred_o and_o many_o thousand_o yea_o and_o the_o major_a part_n itself_o if_o it_o be_v admit_v that_o the_o people_n be_v or_o ever_o be_v free_a by_o nature_n and_o not_o to_o be_v govern_v but_o by_o their_o own_o consent_n it_o be_v most_o unjust_a to_o exclude_v any_o one_o 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any_o of_o the_o twelve_o frustrate_v the_o whole_a judgement_n how_o much_o more_o ought_v the_o natural_a freedom_n of_o each_o man_n be_v preserve_v by_o allow_v he_o his_o negative_a voice_n which_o be_v but_o a_o continue_v he_o in_o that_o estate_n wherein_o it_o be_v confess_v nature_n at_o first_o place_v he_o justice_n require_v that_o no_o one_o law_n shall_v bind_v all_o except_o all_o consent_n to_o it_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o violent_a and_o contrary_a to_o nature_n than_o to_o allow_v a_o major_a part_n or_o any_o other_o great_a part_n less_o than_o the_o whole_a to_o bind_v all_o the_o people_n the_o next_o difficulty_n to_o discover_v what_o a_o popular_a estate_n be_v be_v to_o find_v out_o where_o the_o supreme_a power_n in_o the_o roman_a government_n rest_v it_o be_v bodin_n opinion_n that_o in_o the_o roman_a state_n the_o government_n be_v in_o the_o magistrate_n the_o authority_n and_o counsel_n in_o the_o senate_n but_o the_o sovereign_a power_n and_o majesty_n in_o the_o people_n lib._n 2._o c._n 1._o so_o in_o his_o first_o book_n his_o doctrine_n be_v that_o the_o ancient_a roman_n say_v imperium_fw-la in_o magistratibus_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la in_o senatu_fw-la potestatem_fw-la in_o plebe_fw-la majestatem_fw-la in_o populi_n jure_fw-la esse_fw-la dicebant_fw-la these_o four_o word_n command_v authority_n power_n and_o majesty_n signify_v ordinary_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o wit_n the_o sovereignty_n or_o supreme_a power_n i_o can_v find_v that_o bodin_n know_v how_o to_o distinguish_v they_o for_o they_o be_v not_o distinct_a faculty_n place_v in_o several_a subject_n but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n diverse_o qualify_v for_o imperium_fw-la authoritas_fw-la potestas_fw-la and_o majestas_fw-la be_v all_o original_o in_o the_o consul_n although_o for_o the_o great_a show_n the_o consul_n will_v have_v the_o opinion_n and_o consent_v of_o
century_n this_o assembly_n by_o century_n as_o it_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o that_o by_o tribe_n so_o it_o be_v more_o true_o popular_a because_o all_o the_o nobility_n as_o well_o as_o the_o commons_o have_v voice_n in_o it_o the_o assembly_n by_o tribe_n be_v pretend_v at_o first_o only_o to_o elect_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n and_o other_o inferior_a magistrate_n to_o determine_v of_o lesser_a crime_n that_o be_v not_o capital_a but_o only_o finable_a and_o to_o decree_v that_o peace_n shall_v be_v make_v but_o they_o do_v not_o meddle_v with_o denounce_v war_n to_o be_v make_v for_o that_o high_a point_n do_v belong_v only_o to_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n and_o so_o also_o do_v the_o judge_n of_o treason_n and_o other_o capital_a crime_n the_o difference_n between_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o tribe_n and_o of_o the_o century_n be_v very_o material_a for_o though_o it_o be_v common_o think_v that_o either_o of_o these_o two_o assembly_n be_v esteem_v to_o be_v 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the_o senate_n who_o be_v their_o private_a council_n yea_o and_o sometime_o with_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n who_o be_v their_o public_a counsel_n for_o both_o the_o assemble_v of_o the_o senate_n and_o of_o the_o century_n be_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o consul_n and_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v propound_v in_o either_o of_o they_o but_o at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o consul_n which_o argue_v a_o sovereignty_n in_o they_o over_o the_o senate_n and_o century_n the_o senate_n of_o rome_n be_v like_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n the_o assembly_n of_o the_o tribe_n resemble_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o but_o the_o assemble_v of_o the_o century_n be_v a_o body_n compose_v of_o lord_n and_o commons_o unite_v to_o vote_n together_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n bear_v all_o the_o sway_n among_o the_o tribe_n they_o call_v they_o together_o when_o they_o please_v without_o any_o order_n whereas_o the_o century_n be_v never_o assemble_v without_o ceremony_n and_o religious_a observation_n of_o the_o bird_n by_o the_o augur_n and_o by_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o therefore_o be_v say_v to_o be_v auspicata_fw-la and_o ex_fw-la authoritate_fw-la patrum_fw-la these_o thing_n consider_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n be_v the_o only_a legitimate_a and_o great_a meeting_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n as_o for_o any_o assemble_v or_o elect_v of_o any_o trustee_n or_o representor_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n in_o nature_n of_o the_o modern_a parliament_n it_o be_v not_o in_o use_n or_o ever_o know_v in_o rome_n above_o two_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o year_n after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o king_n a_o sullen_a humour_n take_v the_o commons_o of_o rome_n that_o they_o will_v needs_o depart_v the_o city_n to_o janiculum_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o tybur_n they_o will_v not_o be_v bring_v back_o into_o the_o city_n until_o a_o law_n be_v make_v that_o a_o plebiscitum_fw-la or_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o commons_o may_v be_v observe_v for_o a_o law_n this_o law_n be_v make_v by_o the_o dictator_n hortensius_n to_o quiet_a the_o sedition_n by_o give_v a_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n to_o the_o commons_o in_o such_o inferior_a matter_n only_o as_o by_o toleration_n and_o usurpation_n have_v be_v practise_v by_o the_o commons_o i_o find_v not_o that_o they_o desire_v a_o enlargement_n of_o the_o point_n which_o be_v the_o object_n of_o their_o power_n but_o of_o the_o person_n or_o nobility_n that_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o their_o decree_n the_o great_a power_n of_o make_v war_n of_o create_v the_o great_a magistrate_n of_o judge_v in_o capital_a crime_n remain_v in_o the_o consul_n with_o the_o senate_n and_o assembly_n of_o the_o century_n for_o further_a manifestation_n of_o the_o break_a and_o distract_a government_n of_o rome_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o consider_v the_o original_a power_n of_o the_o consul_n and_o of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o commons_o who_o be_v ordinary_o call_v the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n first_o it_o be_v undeniable_a that_o upon_o the_o expulsion_n of_o king_n kingly_a power_n be_v not_o take_v away_o but_o only_o make_v annual_a and_o changeable_a between_o two_o consul_n who_o in_o their_o turn_v and_o by_o course_n have_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o all_o regal_a power_n this_o appear_v plain_o in_o livy_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o valerius_n publicola_n be_v consul_n he_o himself_o alone_o ordain_v a_o law_n and_o then_o assemble_v a_o general_a session_n turemillus_fw-la arsa_n inveigh_v and_o complain_v against_o the_o consul_n government_n as_o be_v so_o absolute_a and_o in_o name_n only_o less_o odious_a than_o that_o of_o king_n but_o in_o fact_n more_o cruel_a for_o instead_o of_o one_o lord_n the_o city_n have_v receive_v twain_o have_v authority_n beyond_o all_o measure_n unlimited_a and_o infinite_a sextius_n and_o licinus_n complain_v that_o there_o will_v never_o be_v any_o indifferent_a course_n so_o long_o as_o the_o noble_n keep_v the_o sovereign_a place_n of_o command_n and_o the_o sword_n to_o strike_v while_o the_o poor_a commons_o have_v only_o the_o buckler_n their_o conclusion_n be_v that_o it_o remain_v that_o the_o commons_o bear_v the_o office_n of_o consul_n too_o for_o that_o be_v a_o fortress_n of_o their_o liberty_n from_o that_o day_n forward_o shall_v the_o commons_o be_v partaker_n of_o those_o thing_n wherein_o the_o noble_n now_o surpass_v they_o namely_o sovereign_a rule_n and_o authority_n the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n affirm_v regio_fw-la imperio_fw-la duo_fw-la sunto_fw-la iique_fw-la consules_a appellantor_fw-la let_v two_o have_v regal_a power_n and_o let_v they_o be_v call_v consul_n also_o the_o judgement_n of_o livy_n be_v that_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v translate_v from_o consul_n to_o decemvir_n as_o before_o from_o king_n to_o consul_n these_o be_v proof_n sufficient_a to_o show_v the_o royal_a power_n of_o the_o consul_n about_o sixteen_o year_n after_o the_o first_o creation_n of_o consul_n the_o commons_o find_v themselves_o much_o run_v into_o debt_n by_o waste_v their_o estate_n in_o follow_v the_o war_n and_o so_o become_v as_o they_o think_v oppress_v by_o usury_n and_o cast_v into_o prison_n by_o the_o judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o the_o consul_n they_o grievous_o complain_v of_o usury_n and_o of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o consul_n and_o by_o sedition_n prevail_v and_o obtain_v leave_v to_o choose_v among_o themselves_o magistrate_n call_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n who_o by_o their_o intercession_n may_v preserve_v the_o commons_o from_o be_v oppress_v and_o suffer_a wrong_n from_o the_o consul_n and_o it_o be_v further_o agree_v that_o the_o person_n of_o those_o tribune_n shall_v be_v sacred_a and_o not_o to_o be_v touch_v by_o any_o by_o mean_n of_o this_o immunity_n of_o
next_o under_o god_n the_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o israelite_n p._n 252._o but_o he_o do_v not_o allow_v it_o to_o joshua_n but_o will_v have_v it_o descend_v to_o eleazar_n the_o highpriest_n aaron_n son_n his_o proof_n be_v god_n express_o say_v concern_v joshua_n he_o shall_v stand_v before_o eleazar_n who_o shall_v ask_v counsel_n for_o he_o before_o the_o lord_n after_o the_o judgement_n of_o urim_n be_v omit_v by_o mr._n hobbs_n at_o his_o word_n they_o shall_v go_v out_o etc._n etc._n therefore_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o make_v peace_n and_o war_n be_v in_o the_o priest_n answ._n the_o work_n of_o the_o highpriest_n be_v only_o ministerial_a not_o magisterial_a he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o command_v in_o war_n or_o to_o judge_n in_o peace_n only_o when_o the_o sovereign_n or_o governor_n do_v go_v up_o to_o war_n he_o inquire_v of_o the_o lord_n by_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o high_a priest_n and_o as_o the_o hebrew_n say_v the_o enquirer_n with_o a_o soft_a voice_n as_o one_o that_o pray_v for_o himself_o ask_v and_o forthwith_o the_o holy_a ghost_n come_v upon_o the_o priest_n and_o he_o behold_v the_o breastplate_n and_o see_v therein_o by_o the_o vision_n of_o prophecy_n go_v up_o or_o go_v not_o up_o in_o the_o letter_n that_o show_v forth_o themselves_o upon_o the_o breastplate_n before_o his_o face_n then_o the_o priest_n answer_v he_o go_v up_o or_o go_v not_o up_o if_o this_o answer_n give_v the_o priest_n sovereignty_n than_o neither_o king_n saul_n nor_o king_n david_n have_v the_o sovereignty_n who_o both_o ask_v counsel_n of_o the_o lord_n by_o the_o priest_n observation_n on_o mr._n milton_n against_o salmasius_n i._o among_o the_o many_o print_a book_n and_o several_a discourse_n touch_v the_o right_n of_o king_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n i_o can_v find_v that_o as_o yet_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a point_n be_v agree_v upon_o or_o indeed_o so_o much_o as_o once_o dispute_v the_o word_n king_n and_o the_o word_n people_n be_v familiar_a one_o will_v think_v every_o simple_a man_n can_v tell_v what_o they_o signify_v but_o upon_o examination_n it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o the_o learn_a can_v agree_v of_o their_o mean_v ask_v salmasius_n what_o a_o king_n be_v and_o he_o will_v teach_v we_o that_o a_o king_n be_v he_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o be_v accountable_a to_o none_o but_o god_n and_o may_v do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o be_v free_a from_o the_o law_n this_o definition_n i._o m._n abominate_v as_o be_v the_o definion_n of_o a_o tyrant_n and_o i_o shall_v be_v of_o his_o mind_n if_o he_o will_v have_v vouchsafe_v we_o a_o better_a or_o any_o other_o definition_n at_o all_o that_o will_v tell_v we_o how_o any_o king_n can_v have_v a_o supreme_a power_n without_o be_v free_v from_o humane_a law_n to_o find_v fault_n with_o it_o without_o produce_v any_o other_o be_v to_o leave_v we_o in_o the_o dark_a but_o though_o mr._n milton_n bring_v we_o neither_o definition_n nor_o description_n of_o a_o king_n yet_o we_o may_v pick_v out_o of_o several_a passage_n of_o he_o something_o like_o a_o definition_n if_o we_o lie_v they_o together_o he_o teach_v we_o that_o power_n be_v therefore_o give_v to_o a_o king_n by_o the_o people_n that_o he_o may_v see_v by_o the_o authority_n to_o he_o commit_v that_o nothing_o be_v do_v against_o law_n and_o that_o he_o keep_v our_o law_n and_o not_o impose_v upon_o we_o his_o own_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o regal_a power_n but_o in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o by_o they_o pag._n 155._o and_o again_o he_o affirm_v the_o king_n can_v imprison_v fine_a or_o punish_v any_o man_n except_o he_o be_v first_o cite_v into_o some_o court_n where_o not_o the_o king_n but_o the_o usual_a judge_n give_v sentence_n pag._n 168._o and_o before_o we_o be_v tell_v not_o the_o king_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n do_v set_v up_o and_o take_v away_o all_o court_n pag._n 167._o lo_o here_o the_o description_n of_o a_o king_n he_o be_v one_o to_o who_o the_o people_n give_v power_n to_o see_v that_o nothing_o be_v do_v against_o law_n and_o yet_o he_o say_v there_o be_v no_o regal_a power_n but_o in_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o by_o they_o where_o not_o the_o king_n but_o the_o usual_a judge_n give_v sentence_n this_o description_n not_o only_o strip_v the_o king_n of_o all_o power_n whatsoever_o but_o put_v he_o in_o a_o condition_n below_o the_o mean_a of_o his_o subject_n thus_o much_o may_v show_v that_o all_o man_n be_v not_o agree_v what_o a_o king_n be_v next_o what_o the_o word_n people_n mean_n be_v not_o agree_v upon_o ask_v aristotle_n what_o the_o people_n be_v and_o he_o will_v not_o allow_v any_o power_n to_o be_v in_o any_o but_o in_o free_a citizen_n if_o we_o demand_v who_o be_v free_a citizen_n that_o he_o can_v resolve_v we_o for_o he_o confess_v that_o he_o that_o be_v a_o free_a citizen_n in_o one_o city_n be_v not_o so_o in_o another_o city_n and_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o no_o artificer_n shall_v be_v a_o free_a citizen_n or_o have_v voice_n in_o a_o well_o order_v commonwealth_n he_o account_v a_o democraty_n which_o word_n signify_v the_o government_n of_o the_o people_n to_o be_v a_o corrupt_a sort_n of_o government_n he_o think_v many_o man_n by_o nature_n bear_v to_o be_v servant_n and_o not_o fit_a to_o govern_v as_o any_o part_n of_o the_o people_n thus_o do_v aristotle_n curtal_n the_o people_n and_o can_v give_v we_o any_o certain_a rule_n to_o know_v who_o be_v the_o people_n come_v to_o our_o modern_a politician_n and_o ask_v they_o who_o the_o people_n be_v though_o they_o talk_v big_a of_o the_o people_n yet_o they_o take_v up_o and_o be_v content_a with_o a_o few_o representor_n as_o they_o call_v they_o of_o the_o whole_a people_n a_o point_n aristotle_n be_v to_o seek_v in_o neither_o be_v these_o representor_n stand_v upon_o to_o be_v the_o whole_a people_n but_o the_o major_a part_n of_o these_o representor_n must_v be_v reckon_v for_o the_o whole_a people_n nay_o i_o m._n will_v not_o allow_v the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o representor_n to_o be_v the_o people_n but_o the_o sound_a and_o better_a part_n only_o of_o they_o and_o in_o right_n down_o term_n he_o tell_v we_o pag._n 126._o to_o determine_v who_o be_v a_o tyrant_n he_o leave_v to_o magistrate_n at_o least_o to_o the_o upright_a sort_n of_o they_o and_o of_o the_o people_n pag._n 7._o though_o in_o number_n less_o by_o many_o to_o judge_v as_o they_o find_v cause_n if_o the_o sound_a the_o better_a and_o the_o upright_a part_n have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n how_o shall_v we_o know_v or_o who_o shall_v judge_v who_o they_o be_v ii_o one_o text_n be_v urge_v by_o mr._n milton_n for_o the_o people_n power_n deut._n 17._o 14._o when_o thou_o be_v come_v into_o the_o land_n which_o thy_o lord_n thy_o god_n give_v thou_o and_o shall_v say_v i_o will_v set_v a_o king_n over_o i_o like_a as_o all_o the_o nation_n about_o i_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o tenure_n of_o king_n these_o word_n confirm_v we_o that_o the_o right_n of_o choose_v yea_o of_o change_a their_o own_o government_n be_v by_o the_o grant_n of_o god_n himself_o in_o the_o people_n but_o can_v the_o foretell_v or_o forewarn_v of_o the_o israelite_n of_o a_o wanton_a and_o wicked_a desire_n of_o they_o which_o god_n himself_o condemn_v be_v make_v a_o argument_n that_o god_n give_v or_o grant_v they_o a_o right_a to_o do_v such_o a_o wicked_a thing_n or_o can_v the_o narration_n and_o reprove_v of_o a_o future_a fact_n be_v a_o donation_n and_o approve_v of_o a_o present_a right_n or_o the_o permission_n of_o a_o sin_n be_v make_v a_o commission_n for_o the_o do_v of_o it_o the_o author_n of_o his_o book_n against_o salmasius_n fall_v so_o far_o from_o make_v god_n the_o donor_n or_o grantor_n that_o he_o cite_v he_o only_o for_o a_o witness_n testae_fw-la ipso_fw-la deo_fw-la penes_fw-la populos_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la semper_fw-la fuisse_fw-la vel_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la placerâ—…t_fw-la forma_fw-la reipub_fw-la utendi_fw-la vel_fw-la hanc_fw-la in_o aliam_fw-la mutandi_fw-la de_fw-fr hebraeis_n hoc_fw-la disertè_fw-la dicit_fw-la deus_fw-la de_fw-la reliquis_fw-la non_fw-la abnuit_fw-la that_o here_o in_o this_o text_n god_n himself_o be_v witness_n there_o be_v always_o a_o power_n in_o the_o people_n either_o to_o use_v what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v or_o of_o change_v it_o into_o another_o god_n say_v this_o express_o of_o the_o hebrew_n and_o deny_v it_o not_o of_o other_o can_v any_o man_n find_v that_o god_n in_o this_o text_n express_o say_v that_o there_o be_v always_o a_o right_n in_o the_o people_n to_o use_v what_o form_n
a_o little_a enquiry_n will_v be_v make_v into_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o government_n of_o these_o kingdom_n for_o these_o northern_a people_n as_o bodin_n observe_v breath_n after_o liberty_n first_o for_o poland_n boterus_n say_v that_o the_o government_n of_o it_o be_v elective_a altogether_o and_o represent_v rather_o a_o aristocracy_n than_o a_o kingdom_n the_o nobility_n who_o have_v great_a authority_n in_o the_o diet_n choose_v the_o king_n and_o limit_v his_o authority_n make_v his_o sovereignty_n but_o a_o slavish_a royalty_n these_o diminution_n of_o regality_n begin_v first_o by_o default_n of_o king_n lewis_n and_o jagello_n who_o to_o gain_v the_o succession_n in_o the_o kingdom_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n one_o for_o his_o daughter_n and_o the_o other_o for_o his_o son_n depart_v with_o many_o of_o his_o royalty_n and_o prerogative_n to_o buy_v the_o voice_n of_o the_o nobility_n the_o french_a author_n of_o the_o book_n call_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o world_n do_v inform_v we_o that_o the_o prince_n authority_n be_v more_o free_a not_o be_v subject_n to_o any_o law_n and_o have_v absolute_a power_n not_o only_o of_o their_o estate_n but_o also_o of_o life_n and_o death_n since_o christian_a religion_n be_v receive_v it_o begin_v to_o be_v moderate_v first_o by_o holy_a admonition_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n and_o then_o by_o service_n of_o the_o nobility_n in_o war_n religious_a prince_n give_v many_o honour_n and_o many_o liberty_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n and_o quit_v much_o of_o their_o right_n the_o which_o their_o successor_n have_v continue_v the_o superior_a dignity_n be_v reduce_v to_o two_o degree_n that_o be_v the_o palatinate_n and_o the_o chastelleine_a for_o that_o king_n in_o former_a time_n do_v by_o little_a and_o little_o call_v these_o man_n to_o public_a consultation_n notwithstanding_o that_o they_o have_v absolute_a power_n to_o do_v all_o thing_n of_o themselves_o to_o command_v dispose_n recompense_n 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with_o a_o tribune-like_a authority_n they_o signify_v unto_o the_o council_n what_o their_o request_n be_v not_o long_o since_o their_o authority_n and_o reputation_n grow_v so_o mighty_o that_o they_o now_o carry_v themselves_o as_o head_n and_o governor_n rather_o than_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o public_a decree_n of_o the_o state_n one_o of_o the_o council_n refuse_v his_o senator_n place_n to_o become_v one_o of_o these_o officer_n every_o palatine_a the_o king_n require_v it_o call_v together_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o his_o palatinate_n where_o have_v propound_v unto_o they_o the_o matter_n whereon_o they_o be_v to_o treat_v and_o their_o will_n be_v know_v they_o choose_v four_o or_o six_o out_o of_o the_o company_n of_o the_o earthly_a messenger_n these_o deputy_n meet_v and_o make_v one_o body_n which_o they_o call_v the_o order_n of_o knight_n this_o be_v of_o late_a year_n the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o the_o government_n of_o poland_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o the_o observator_fw-la to_o find_v among_o they_o that_o the_o whole_a community_n in_o its_o underive_v majesty_n do_v ever_o convene_v to_o do_v justice_n nor_o any_o election_n or_o representation_n of_o the_o community_n or_o that_o the_o people_n assume_v its_o own_o power_n to_o do_v itself_o right_a the_o earthly_a messenger_n though_o they_o may_v be_v think_v to_o represent_v the_o commons_o and_o of_o late_o take_v much_o upon_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v elect_v and_o choose_v by_o the_o nobility_n as_o their_o agent_n and_o officer_n the_o community_n be_v either_o vassal_n to_o the_o king_n or_o to_o the_o nobility_n and_o enjoy_v as_o little_a freedom_n or_o liberty_n as_o any_o nation_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v perhaps_o that_o though_o the_o community_n do_v not_o limit_v the_o king_n yet_o the_o nobility_n do_v and_o so_o he_o be_v a_o limit_a monarchy_n the_o answer_n be_v that_o in_o truth_n though_o the_o nobility_n at_o the_o choose_n of_o their_o king_n do_v limit_v his_o power_n and_o do_v give_v he_o a_o oath_n yet_o afterward_o they_o have_v always_o a_o desire_n to_o please_v he_o and_o to_o second_v his_o will_n and_o this_o they_o be_v force_v to_o do_v to_o avoid_v discord_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a power_n they_o be_v subject_a to_o great_a dissension_n not_o only_o among_o themselves_o but_o between_o they_o and_o the_o order_n of_o knight_n which_o be_v the_o earthly_a messenger_n yea_o the_o province_n be_v at_o discord_n one_o with_o another_o and_o as_o for_o religion_n the_o diversity_n of_o sect_n in_o poland_n breed_v perpetual_a jar_n and_o hatred_n among_o the_o people_n there_o be_v as_o many_o sect_n as_o in_o amsterdam_n itself_o or_o any_o popular_a government_n can_v desire_v the_o danger_n of_o sedition_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o though_o the_o crown_n depend_v on_o the_o election_n of_o the_o nobility_n yet_o they_o have_v never_o reject_v the_o king_n successor_n or_o transfer_v the_o realm_n to_o any_o other_o family_n but_o once_o when_o depose_v ladislaus_n for_o his_o idleness_n who_o yet_o afterward_o they_o restore_v they_o elect_v wencelaus_n king_n of_o bohemia_n but_o if_o the_o nobility_n do_v agree_v to_o hold_v their_o king_n to_o his_o condition_n which_o be_v not_o to_o conclude_v any_o thing_n but_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n of_o noble_n nor_o to_o choose_v any_o wife_n without_o their_o leaf_n than_o it_o must_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o common-weal_n not_o a_o royalty_n and_o the_o king_n but_o only_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o as_o queen_n christina_n complain_v that_o her_o husband_n be_v but_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o sovereign_n next_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v how_o the_o nobility_n of_o poland_n come_v to_o this_o great_a power_n it_o be_v not_o by_o any_o original_a contract_n or_o popular_a convention_n for_o it_o be_v say_v they_o have_v neither_o law_n rule_n nor_o form_n write_v or_o unwritten_a for_o the_o 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comitat_fw-la '_o tuo_fw-la post_fw-la receptioneâ—…_n huius_fw-la brevis_fw-la nostri_fw-la tenend_n '_o die_v &_o loco_fw-la predict_v duos_fw-la miliâ—…_n gladiis_fw-la cinct_n '_o magis_fw-la idoneos_fw-la &_o discretos_fw-la commit_v '_o praedictâ—…_n &_o the_o qualib_a civitate_fw-la com'_n illius_fw-la duos_fw-la cives_fw-la &_o the_o quâ—…libet_n burgo_n duos_fw-la burgenses_n de_fw-la discretior_fw-la '_o &_o magis_fw-la suffcientibus_fw-la libere_fw-la &_o indifferenter_fw-la per_fw-la illos_fw-la qui_fw-la proclam_fw-la '_o hâ—…jusmodi_fw-la interfuerint_fw-la juxta_fw-la formam_fw-la statutorum_fw-la inde_fw-la edâ—…_n &_o provis_fw-la '_o eligi_fw-la &_o nomina_fw-la eorundum_fw-la milit_fw-la '_o civium_fw-la â—…_n burgensium_fw-la sic_fw-la electorum_fw-la in_o quibusdam_fw-la indentur_fw-la '_o intâ—…te_fw-fr &_o illos_fw-la qui_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la election_n '_o interfuerint_fw-la inde_fw-la confidend_n '_o sive_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la electi_fw-la praesentes_fw-la fuerint_fw-la vel_fw-la absentes_fw-la inseri_fw-la eósque_fw-la ad_fw-la dict'_fw-it diem_fw-la &_o locum_fw-la venire_fw-la fac_fw-la '_o ita_fw-la quod_fw-la iidem_fw-la milites_fw-la plenam_fw-la &_o sufficientem_fw-la potestatem_fw-la pro_fw-la se_fw-la &_o communitate_fw-la commit_v '_o praedicti_fw-la ac_fw-la dict'_fw-it cives_fw-la &_o burgenses_n pro_fw-la se_fw-la &_o communitat_fw-la '_o civitatum_fw-la &_o burgorum_n praedictorum_fw-la divisim_fw-la ab_fw-la ipsis_fw-la habeant_fw-la ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o consentiendum_fw-la his_fw-la quae_fw-la tunc_fw-la ibid._n '_o de_fw-la communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la dicti_fw-la reg_fw-la nostri_fw-la favente_fw-la deo_fw-la contigerint_fw-la ordinari_fw-la super_fw-la negotiis_fw-la ante_fw-la dictis_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la pro_fw-la defectu_fw-la potestatis_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la seu_fw-la propter_fw-la improvidam_fw-la electionem_fw-la milit_fw-la '_o civium_fw-la aut_fw-la burgensium_fw-la praedictorum_fw-la dicta_fw-la 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may_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n remain_v undo_v for_o want_n of_o such_o power_n or_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o improvident_a election_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n but_o we_o will_v not_o in_o any_o case_n you_o or_o any_o other_o sheriff_n of_o our_o say_a kingdom_n shall_v be_v elect_v and_o at_o the_o day_n and_o place_n aforesaid_a the_o say_a election_n make_v in_o the_o full_a county-court_n you_o shall_v certify_v without_o delay_n to_o we_o in_o our_o chancery_n under_o your_o seal_n and_o the_o seal_n of_o they_o which_o shall_v be_v present_a
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together_o petition_v for_o a_o king_n it_o be_v not_o say_v it_o be_v all_o the_o people_n nor_o that_o the_o people_n do_v choose_v the_o elder_n who_o be_v the_o father_n and_o head_n of_o family_n authorize_v by_o the_o judge_n 5._o where_o it_o be_v say_v i_o will_v set_v a_o king_n over_o i_o like_a as_o all_o the_o nation_n about_o i_o to_o set_v a_o king_n be_v not_o to_o choose_v a_o king_n but_o by_o some_o solemn_a public_a act_n of_o coronation_n or_o otherwise_o to_o acknowledge_v their_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n choose_v it_o be_v say_v thou_o shall_v set_v he_o king_n who_o the_o lord_n thy_o god_n shall_v choose_v the_o elder_n do_v not_o desire_v to_o choose_v a_o king_n like_o other_o nation_n but_o they_o say_v now_o make_v we_o a_o king_n to_o judge_v we_o like_o all_o the_o nation_n iii_o as_o for_o david_n covenant_n with_o the_o elder_n when_o he_o be_v anoint_v it_o be_v not_o to_o observe_v any_o law_n or_o condition_n make_v by_o the_o people_n for_o aught_o appear_v but_o to_o keep_v god_n law_n and_o serve_v he_o and_o to_o seek_v the_o good_a of_o the_o people_n as_o they_o be_v to_o protect_v he_o 6._o the_o reubenites_n and_o gadites_n promise_v their_o obedience_n not_o according_a to_o their_o law_n or_o condition_n agree_v upon_o but_o in_o these_o word_n all_o that_o thou_o cammande_v we_o we_o will_v do_v and_o whithersoever_o thou_o send_v we_o we_o will_v go_v as_o we_o hearken_v to_o moses_n in_o all_o thing_n so_o will_v we_o harken_v unto_o thou_o only_o the_o lord_n thy_o god_n be_v with_o thou_o as_o he_o be_v with_o moses_n where_o be_v there_o any_o condition_n of_o any_o humane_a law_n express_v though_o the_o rebellious_a tribe_n offer_v condition_n to_o rehoboam_n where_o can_v we_o find_v that_o for_o like_a condition_n not_o perform_v all_o israel_n depose_v samuel_n i_o wonder_v mr._n milton_n shall_v say_v this_o when_o within_o a_o few_o line_n after_o he_o profess_v that_o samuel_n have_v govern_v they_o upright_o iv._o ius_n regni_n be_v much_o stumble_v at_o and_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o king_n which_o say_v his_o power_n be_v supreme_a in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o he_o be_v accountable_a to_o none_o but_o to_o god_n and_o that_o he_o may_v do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o be_v not_o bind_v by_o law_n it_o be_v say_v if_o this_o definition_n be_v good_a no_o man_n be_v or_o ever_o be_v who_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o tyrant_n p._n 14._o for_o when_o he_o have_v violate_v all_o divine_a and_o humane_a law_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v a_o king_n and_o guiltless_a jure_fw-la regio_fw-la to_o this_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o definition_n confess_v he_o be_v accountable_a to_o god_n and_o therefore_o not_o guiltless_a if_o he_o violate_v divine_a law_n humane_a law_n must_v not_o be_v shuffle_v in_o with_o divine_a they_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o authority_n if_o humane_a law_n bind_v a_o king_n it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o have_v supreme_a power_n among_o man_n 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i_o read_v that_o the_o senator_n who_o be_v all_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o seldom_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o 28_o with_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o realm_n do_v choose_v their_o king_n they_o have_v always_o in_o a_o manner_n set_v the_o king_n elder_a son_n upon_o the_o royal_a throne_n the_o nobility_n of_o denmark_n withstand_v the_o coronation_n of_o frederick_n 1559_o till_o he_o swear_v not_o to_o put_v any_o nobleman_n to_o death_n until_o he_o be_v judge_v of_o the_o senate_n and_o that_o all_o nobleman_n shall_v have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n over_o their_o subject_n without_o appeal_n and_o the_o king_n to_o give_v no_o office_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o council_n there_o be_v a_o chancellor_n of_o the_o realm_n before_o who_o they_o do_v appeal_v from_o all_o the_o province_n and_o island_n and_o from_o he_o to_o the_o king_n himself_o i_o hear_v of_o nothing_o in_o this_o kingdom_n that_o tend_v to_o popularity_n no_o assembly_n of_o 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shall_v be_v respite_v until_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n shall_v be_v inform_v it_o be_v command_v to_o the_o constable_n of_o the_o tower_n safe_o to_o keep_v the_o say_a john_n until_o he_o have_v other_o commandment_n from_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n in_o the_o case_n of_o hen._n spencer_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n 7_o ric._n 2._o who_o be_v accuse_v for_o comply_v with_o the_o french_a and_o other_o fail_n the_o bishop_n complain_v what_o be_v do_v against_o he_o do_v not_o pass_v by_o the_o assent_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o peer_n whereupon_o it_o be_v say_v in_o parliament_n that_o the_o cognisance_n and_o punishment_n of_o his_o offence_n do_v of_o common_a right_n and_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n sole_o and_o whole_o belong_v to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o no_o other_o le_fw-fr cognisance_n &_o punissement_fw-fr de_fw-fr common_a droit_fw-fr &_o auntienne_fw-fr custom_n de_fw-fr royalme_n de_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr seul_fw-fr &_o per_fw-la 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the_o supreme_a power_n be_v always_o arbitrary_a for_o that_o be_v arbitrary_a which_o have_v no_o superior_a on_o earth_n to_o controlâ—…_n it_o the_o last_o appeal_n in_o all_o government_n must_v still_o bâ—…_n to_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n or_o else_o appeal_n will_v bâ—…_n in_o infinitum_fw-la never_o at_o a_o end_n the_o legislative_a power_n be_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n for_o they_o be_v termini_fw-la convertibiles_fw-la the_o main_a question_n in_o these_o our_o day_n be_v where_o this_o power_n legislative_a remain_v or_o be_v place_v upon_o conference_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n for_o both_o house_n with_o the_o body_n and_o title_n of_o our_o ancient_a act_n of_o parliament_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n rest_v sole_o in_o the_o king_n some_o affirm_v that_o a_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v in_o either_o of_o the_o house_n but_o beside_o invincible_a reason_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o monarchy_n itself_o which_o must_v have_v the_o supreme_a power_n alone_o the_o constant_a ancient_a declaration_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v against_o it_o for_o howsoever_o of_o late_a year_n in_o the_o title_n and_o body_n of_o our_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v not_o so_o particular_o express_v who_o be_v the_o author_n and_o maker_n of_o our_o law_n yet_o in_o almost_o all_o our_o elder_a statute_n it_o be_v precise_o express_v that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o the_o general_a word_n use_v of_o late_a time_n that_o law_n be_v make_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n be_v particular_o explain_v in_o former_a statute_n to_o mean_v that_o the_o king_n ordain_v the_o lord_n advise_v the_o commons_o consent_v as_o by_o compare_v the_o writ_n with_o the_o statute_n that_o expound_v the_o writ_n will_v evident_o appear_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la begin_v thus_o henry_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n know_v you_o that_o we_o of_o our_o mere_a and_o free_a will_v have_v give_v these_o liberty_n in_o the_o selfsame_a style_n run_v charta_fw-la de_fw-fr foresta_n and_o tell_v we_o the_o author_n of_o it_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr scaccario_n 41_o h._n 3._o begin_v in_o these_o word_n the_o king_n command_v that_o all_o bailiff_n sheriff_n and_o other_o officer_n etc._n etc._n and_o concern_v the_o justice_n of_o chester_n the_o king_n willeth_n etc._n etc._n and_o again_o he_o command_v the_o treasurer_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n upon_o their_o allegiance_n the_o stat._n of_o marlborough_n 52_o hen._n 3._o go_v thus_o the_o king_n have_v make_v these_o act_n ordinance_n and_o statute_n which_o he_o will_v to_o be_v observe_v of_o all_o his_o subject_n high_a and_o low_a 3_o edw._n 1._o the_o title_n of_o this_o statute_n be_v these_o be_v the_o act_n of_o king_n edward_z and_o after_o it_o follow_v the_o king_n have_v ordain_v these_o act_n and_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n the_o king_n forbid_v and_o command_v that_o none_o do_v hurt_v damage_n or_o grievance_n â—…o_v any_o religious_a man_n or_o person_n of_o the_o church_n and_o in_o the_o thirteen_o chapter_n the_o king_n prohibit_v that_o none_o do_v ravish_v or_o take_v away_o by_o force_n any_o maid_n within_o age_n 6_o edw._n 1._o it_o be_v say_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n have_v establish_v these_o act_n command_v they_o be_v â—…bserved_v within_o this_o realm_n and_o in_o the_o fourteen_o chap._n the_o word_n be_v the_o king_n of_o his_o special_a grace_n grant_v that_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n shall_v recover_v in_o a_o assize_n damage_n with_o the_o land_n the_o stat._n of_o west_n 2._o say_v our_o lord_n the_o king_n have_v ordain_v that_o the_o will_n of_o the_o giver_n be_v observe_v and_o in_o the_o 3._o chap._n our_o lord_n the_o king_n have_v ordain_v that_o a_o woman_n after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n shall_v recover_v by_o a_o writ_n of_o entry_n the_o stat._n of_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la say_v our_o lord_n
the_o king_n at_o his_o parliament_n of_o his_o special_a grace_n and_o for_o affection_n which_o he_o bear_v to_o his_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o other_o have_v grant_v that_o they_o that_o have_v liberty_n by_o prescription_n shall_v enjoy_v they_o in_o the_o stat._n de_fw-fr finibus_fw-la levatis_fw-la the_o king_n word_n be_v we_o intend_v to_o provide_v remedy_n in_o our_o parliament_n have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n 28._o edw._n 1._o c._n 5._o the_o king_n will_n that_o the_o chancellor_n and_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n shall_v follow_v he_o so_o that_o he_o may_v have_v at_o all_o time_n some_o near_o unto_o he_o thaâ—…_n be_v learn_v in_o the_o law_n and_o in_o chap._n 24._o the_o word_n be_v our_o lord_n the_o king_n after_o full_a conference_n and_o debate_n have_v with_o his_o earl_n baron_n noble_n and_o other_o great_a man_n by_o their_o whole_a consent_n have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n the_o stat._n de_fw-la tallagio_n if_o any_o such_o statute_n there_o be_v speak_v in_o the_o king_n person_n no_o officer_n of_o we_o no_o tallage_n shall_v be_v take_v by_o we_o we_o will_v and_o grant_n 1._o edw._n 2._o begin_v thus_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n willeth_n and_o command_v the_o stat._n of_o 9_o the_o same_o king_n sai_z our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o other_o great_a state_n have_v ordain_v 10._o edw._n 2._o it_o be_v provide_v by_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n the_o stat._n of_o carlisle_n say_v we_o have_v send_v our_o command_n in_o write_v firm_o to_o be_v observe_v 1._o edw._n 3._o begin_v thus_o king_n edw._n 3._o at_o his_o parliament_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commonalty_n by_o their_o petition_n before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n in_o parliament_n have_v grant_v etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o 5_o chap._n the_o king_n will_v that_o no_o man_n be_v charge_v to_o arm_v himself_o otherwise_o than_o he_o be_v wont_a 5._o edw._n 3._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o people_n have_v establish_v these_o thing_n which_o he_o will_v to_o be_v keep_v 9_o of_o the_o same_o king_n there_o be_v this_o title_n our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n etc._n etc._n and_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n be_v there_o have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n in_o his_o 10_o year_n it_o be_v say_v because_o our_o lord_n king_n edw._n 3._o have_v receive_v by_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n also_o at_o the_o show_v of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o his_o commons_o by_o their_o petition_n put_v in_o his_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n have_v ordain_v by_o the_o assent_n etc._n etc._n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o say_a knight_n and_o commons_o etc._n etc._n the_o same_o year_n in_o another_o parliament_n you_o may_v find_v these_o be_v the_o article_n accord_v by_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n etc._n etc._n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o the_o commons_o by_o their_o petition_n â—…ut_o in_o the_o say_a parliament_n in_o the_o year-book_n 22_o edw._n 3._o 3._o pl._n 25._o it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n make_v the_o law_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o peer_n and_o commons_o and_o not_o the_o peer_n and_o commons_o the_o stat._n of_o 1._o ric._n 2._o have_v this_o beginning_n richâ—…d_v the_o 2._o by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n duke_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o at_o the_o instance_n and_o special_a request_n of_o â—…_n commons_o ordain_v there_o be_v a_o statute_n make_v 5_o ric._n 2._o c._n 5._o against_o lollard_n in_o the_o next_o year_n the_o commons_o petition_v he_o suppliant_a les_fw-fr commons_o que_fw-fr come_v un_fw-fr estatute_n fuit_fw-la fait_fw-fr etc._n etc._n the_o commons_o beseech_v that_o whereas_o a_o statute_n be_v make_v in_o the_o last_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v never_o assent_v to_o nor_o grant_v by_o the_o commons_o but_o that_o which_o be_v do_v therein_o be_v do_v without_o their_o assent_n in_o this_o petition_n the_o commons_o acknowledge_v it_o a_o statute_n and_o so_o call_v it_o though_o they_o assent_v not_o to_o it_o 17_o ric._n 2._o nu_fw-la 44._o the_o commons_o desire_v some_o pursue_v to_o make_v a_o law_n which_o they_o conceive_v hurtful_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o his_o majesty_n will_v not_o pass_v it_o as_o for_o the_o parliament_n in_o hen._n 4._o hen._n 5._o hen._n 6._o edw._n 4._o and_o ric._n 3._o reign_n the_o most_o of_o they_o do_v agree_v in_o this_o one_o title_n our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o at_o the_o special_a instance_n and_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o have_v ordain_v the_o precedent_n in_o this_o point_n be_v so_o numerous_a that_o it_o be_v endless_a to_o cite_v they_o the_o statute_n in_o hen._n 7._o day_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n agree_v both_o in_o the_o title_n and_o body_n of_o the_o act_n in_o these_o word_n our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o iâ—…_n parliament_n assemble_v and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o have_v ordain_v unto_o this_o king_n time_n we_o find_v the_o commons_o very_o often_o petition_v but_o not_o petition_v unto_o the_o first_o petition_n make_v to_o the_o commons_o that_o i_o meet_v with_o among_o the_o statute_n be_v but_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o king_n hen_n 7._o reign_n which_o be_v so_o well_o approve_v that_o the_o petition_n itself_o be_v turn_v into_o â—…_n statute_n it_o begin_v thus_o to_o the_o right_a worshipfuâ—…_n commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v show_v to_o your_o discreet_a wisdom_n the_o warden_n of_o the_o fellowship_n of_o the_o craft_n of_o upholster_n within_o london_n etc._n etc._n this_o petition_n though_o it_o be_v direct_v to_o the_o commons_o in_o the_o title_n yet_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o petition_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o king_n and_o not_o to_o the_o commons_o for_o it_o conclude_v therefore_o it_o may_v please_v the_o king_n highness_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o his_o commons_o in_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n next_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o hen._n 8._o they_o do_v most_o part_n agree_v both_o in_o their_o title_n and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act_n with_o those_o of_o his_o father_n king_n hen._n 7._o last_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o edw._n 6._o qu._n marry_o q._n elizabeth_n k._n james_n and_o of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n that_o now_o be_v there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v in_o their_o title_n of_o any_o assent_n of_o lord_n and_o commons_o or_o of_o any_o ordain_v by_o the_o king_n but_o only_o in_o general_a term_n it_o be_v say_v act_v make_v in_o parliament_n or_o thus_o at_o the_o parliament_n be_v enact_v yet_o in_o the_o body_n of_o many_o of_o these_o act_n of_o these_o last_o prince_n there_o be_v sometime_o mention_v make_v of_o consent_n of_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o these_o or_o the_o like_a word_n it_o be_v enact_v by_o the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o except_o only_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o our_o lord_n king_n charles_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n that_o i_o can_v find_v of_o any_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o or_o ordain_v by_o the_o king_n but_o the_o word_n be_v be_v it_o enact_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n or_o else_o be_v it_o enact_v by_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o commons_o as_o if_o they_o be_v all_o fellow-commissioner_n thus_o it_o appear_v that_o even_o till_o the_o time_n of_o k._n ed._n 6._o who_o live_v but_o in_o our_o father_n day_n it_o be_v punctual_o express_v in_o every_o king_n law_n that_o the_o statute_n &_o ordinance_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o withal_o we_o may_v see_v by_o what_o degree_n the_o style_n and_o title_n oâ—…_n act_n of_o parliament_n have_v be_v vary_v and_o to_o who_o disadvantage_n the_o high_a we_o look_v the_o more_o absolute_a we_o find_v the_o power_n of_o king_n in_o ordaininâ—…_n law_n nor_o do_v we_o meet_v with_o at_o first_o so_o much_o as_o thâ—…_n assent_v or_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n mention_v nay_o 〈◊〉_d we_o cast_v our_o eye_n upon_o many_o statute_n of_o those_o that_o bâ—…_n of_o most_o antiquity_n they_o will_v appear_v as_o if_o they_o weâ—…_n no_o law_n at_o all_o but_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v make_v only_o to_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o punishment_n of_o many_o offencâ—…_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o mere_a pleasure_n of_o king_n the_o punitive_a part_n of_o the_o law_n which_o give_v all_o the_o vigoâ—…_n and_o bind_v power_n to_o the_o law_n we_o find_v commit_v by_o the_o
maurice_n justicer_n of_o ireland_n the_o explanation_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n only_o be_v receive_v always_o for_o statute_n and_o be_v still_o print_v with_o they_o also_o the_o statute_n make_v for_o the_o correction_n of_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n be_v sign_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o send_v to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o writ_n patent_n with_o a_o certain_a writ_n close_v date_v by_o the_o king_n hand_n at_o westminster_n 2_o maii_n 9_o edw._n 1._o require_v that_o they_o shall_v do_v and_o execute_v all_o and_o every_o thing_n contain_v in_o it_o though_o the_o same_o do_v not_o accord_v with_o the_o stat._n of_o gloucester_n in_o all_o thing_n the_o provision_n of_o merton_n make_v by_o the_o king_n at_o a_o assembly_n of_o prelate_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n for_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o queen_n elinor_n be_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o proclamation_n and_o begin_v provisum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la merton_n 19_o hen._n 3._o a_o provision_n be_v make_v de_fw-fr assisa_fw-la praesentationis_fw-la which_o be_v continue_v and_o allow_v for_o a_o law_n until_o the_o stat._n of_o west_n 2._o which_o provide_v the_o contrary_a in_o express_a word_n in_o the_o old_a statute_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o distinguish_v what_o law_n be_v make_v by_o king_n in_o parliament_n and_o what_o out_o of_o parliament_n when_o king_n call_v peer_n only_o to_o parliament_n and_o of_o those_o how_o many_o or_o who_o they_o please_v as_o it_o appear_v ancient_o they_o do_v it_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n to_o put_v a_o difference_n between_o a_o councel-table_n and_o a_o parliament_n or_o between_o a_o proclamation_n and_o a_o statute_n yet_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o in_o old_a time_n there_o be_v a_o distinction_n between_o the_o king_n special_a or_o privy_a council_n and_o his_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o his_o special_a council_n do_v sit_v with_o the_o peer_n in_o parliament_n and_o be_v of_o great_a and_o extraordinary_a authority_n there_o in_o the_o stat._n of_o westm._n 1._o it_o be_v say_v these_o be_v the_o act_n of_o k._n edw._n 1._o make_v at_o his_o first_o parliament_n by_o his_o council_n and_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o stat._n of_o acton_n burnell_n have_v these_o word_n the_o king_n for_o himself_o and_o by_o his_o council_n have_v ordain_v and_o establish_v in_o articulis_fw-la super_fw-la chartas_n when_o the_o great_a charter_n be_v confirm_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n be_v find_v these_o two_o provision_n 1._o nevertheless_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n do_v not_o intend_v by_o reason_n of_o this_o statute_n to_o diminish_v the_o king_n right_o 2._o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o thing_n beforementioned_a or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o both_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n and_o all_o they_o that_o be_v present_a will_n and_o intend_v that_o the_o right_n and_o prerogative_n of_o his_o crown_n shall_v be_v save_v to_o he_o in_o all_o thing_n the_o stat._n of_o escheator_n have_v this_o title_n at_o the_o parliament_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n by_o his_o council_n it_o be_v agree_v and_o also_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o command_v 1_o edw._n 3._o where_o magna_n charta_n be_v confirm_v this_o preamble_n be_v find_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commonalty_n by_o their_o petition_n make_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n in_o parliament_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n etc._n etc._n the_o statute_n make_v at_o york_n 9_o edw._n 3._o go_v thus_o whereas_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n desire_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n in_o his_o parliament_n by_o their_o petition_n etc._n etc._n our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n desire_v the_o profit_n of_o his_o people_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o noble_n of_o his_o realm_n and_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n be_v there_o have_v ordain_v 25._o edw._n 3._o in_o the_o statute_n of_o purveyor_n where_o the_o king_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o make_v a_o declaration_n what_o offence_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v treason_n it_o be_v there_o further_o say_v if_o per-case_n any_o man_n ride_v arm_v with_o man_n of_o arm_n against_o any_o other_o to_o slay_v he_o or_o rob_v he_o it_o be_v not_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o his_o council_n that_o in_o such_o case_n it_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v treason_n by_o this_o statute_n it_o appear_v that_o even_o in_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n which_o be_v the_o king_n own_o cause_n as_o whereas_o a_o man_n do_v compass_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n or_o a_o man_n do_v wage_v war_n against_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n in_o his_o realm_n or_o be_v adherent_a to_o the_o king_n enemy_n in_o his_o realm_n give_v to_o they_o aid_n or_o comfort_n in_o the_o realm_n or_o elsewhere_o in_o all_o these_o case_n it_o be_v the_o king_n declaration_n only_o that_o make_v it_o to_o be_v treason_n and_o though_o it_o be_v say_v that_o difficult_a point_n of_o treason_n shall_v be_v bring_v and_o show_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n yet_o it_o be_v say_v it_o be_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n that_o determine_v what_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v treason_n and_o what_o felony_n or_o trespass_n 27_o edw._n 3._o the_o commons_o present_v a_o petition_n to_o the_o king_n which_o the_o king_n council_n do_v mislike_v be_v content_a thereupon_o to_o amend_v and_o explain_v their_o petition_n the_o petition_n have_v these_o word_n to_o their_o most_o redoubt_a sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n pray_v your_o say_a commons_o that_o whereas_o they_o have_v pray_v he_o to_o be_v discharge_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o article_n of_o the_o eyre_n etc._n etc._n which_o petition_n seem_v to_o his_o council_n to_o be_v prejudicial_a unto_o he_o and_o in_o disinherison_n of_o his_o crown_n if_o it_o be_v so_o general_o grant_v his_o say_a commons_o not_o willing_a nor_o desire_v to_o demand_v thing_n of_o he_o or_o of_o his_o crown_n perpetual_o as_o of_o escheat_n etc._n etc._n but_o of_o trespass_n misprision_n negligence_n ignorances_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o in_o parliament_n the_o king_n council_n be_v of_o supereminent_a power_n so_o out_o of_o parliament_n king_n make_v great_a use_n of_o they_o king_n edw._n 1._o find_v that_o bogo_n de_fw-fr clare_n be_v discharge_v of_o a_o accusation_n bring_v against_o he_o in_o parliament_n command_v he_o nevertheless_o to_o appear_v before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o recipiendum_fw-la quod_fw-la per_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o ejus_fw-la concilium_fw-la fuerit_fw-la faciendum_fw-la and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o whole_a cause_n 8_o edw._n 1._o edw._n 3._o in_o the_o star-chamber_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a councel-table_n at_o westminster_n upon_o the_o complaint_n of_o eliz._n audley_n command_v james_n audley_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n and_o determine_v a_o controversy_n between_o they_o touch_v land_n contain_v in_o her_o jointure_n rot._n clau_n de_fw-fr an._n 41_o edw._n 3._o hen._n 5._o in_o a_o suit_n before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n for_o the_o title_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o serre_n and_o st._n laurence_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n in_o kent_n take_v order_n for_o the_o sequester_v the_o profit_n till_o the_o right_n be_v try_v hen._n 6._o command_v the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n to_o stay_v the_o arraignment_n of_o one_o verney_n in_o london_n till_o they_o have_v other_o commandment_n from_o he_o and_o his_o council_n 34_o hen._n 6._o rot_n 37._o in_o banco_n edw._n 4._o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n hear_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o master_n and_o poor_a brethren_n of_o saint_n leonard_n in_o york_n complain_v that_o sir_n hugh_n hastings_n and_o other_o withdraw_v from_o they_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o live_n which_o consist_v chief_o upon_o the_o have_v of_o a_o thrave_a of_o corn_n of_o every_o plow-land_n within_o the_o county_n of_o york_n westmorland_z cumberland_n and_o lancashire_n rot._n pat_o de_fw-fr a_fw-fr 8._o edw._n 4._o part_n 3._o memb_v 14._o hen._n 7._o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n decree_v that_o margery_n and_o florence_n becket_n shall_v sue_v no_o further_o in_o their_o cause_n against_o alice_n radley_n widow_n for_o land_n in_o wolwich_n and_o plumsted_n in_o kent_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o matter_n have_v be_v hear_v
commons_o may_v be_v unjust_a so_o that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o themselves_o may_v be_v the_o judge_n of_o what_o be_v just_a or_o unjust_a but_o where_o a_o king_n by_o oath_n bind_v his_o conscience_n to_o protect_v just_a law_n it_o concern_v he_o to_o be_v satisfy_v in_o his_o own_o conscience_n that_o they_o be_v just_a and_o not_o by_o a_o implicit_a faith_n or_o blind_a obedience_n no_o man_n can_v be_v so_o proper_a a_o judge_n of_o the_o justness_n of_o law_n as_o he_o who_o soul_n must_v lie_v at_o the_o stake_n for_o the_o defence_n and_o safeguard_v of_o they_o beside_o in_o this_o very_a oath_n the_o king_n do_v swear_v to_o do_v equal_a and_o right_a justice_n and_o discretion_n in_o mercy_n and_o truth_n in_o all_o his_o judgement_n facies_fw-la fieri_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la judiciis_fw-la tuis_fw-la aequam_fw-la &_o rectam_fw-la justitiam_fw-la &_o discretionem_fw-la in_o misericordia_fw-la &_o veritate_fw-la if_o we_o allow_v the_o king_n discretion_n and_o mercy_n in_o his_o judgement_n of_o necessity_n he_o must_v judge_v of_o the_o justness_n of_o the_o law_n again_o the_o clause_n of_o the_o oath_n quas_fw-la vulgus_fw-la elegerit_fw-la do_v not_o mention_v the_o assent_v unto_o or_o grant_v any_o new_a law_n but_o of_o hold_v protect_a and_o strengthen_v with_o all_o his_o may_v the_o just_a law_n that_o be_v already_o in_o be_v there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o may_v or_o strength_n if_o assent_v to_o new_a law_n be_v there_o mean_v some_o may_v wonder_v why_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o labour_v to_o deny_v the_o king_n a_o negative_a voice_n since_o a_o negative_a voice_n be_v in_o itself_o so_o poor_a a_o thing_n that_o if_o a_o man_n have_v all_o the_o negative_a voice_n in_o the_o kingdom_n â—…t_o will_v not_o make_v he_o a_o king_n nor_o give_v he_o power_n to_o make_v one_o law_n a_o negative_a voice_n be_v but_o a_o â—…ivative_a power_n that_o be_v no_o power_n at_o all_o to_o do_v or_o act_v any_o thing_n but_o a_o power_n only_o to_o hinder_v the_o power_n of_o another_o negative_n be_v of_o such_o a_o malignant_a or_o destructive_a nature_n that_o if_o they_o have_v nothing_o else_o to_o destroy_v they_o will_v when_o they_o meet_v destroy_v one_o another_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o two_o negative_n make_v a_o affirmative_a by_o destroy_v the_o negation_n which_o do_v hinder_v the_o affirmation_n a_o king_n with_o a_o negative_a voice_n only_o be_v but_o like_o a_o syllogism_n of_o pure_a negative_a proposition_n which_o can_v conclude_v nothing_o it_o must_v be_v a_o affirmative_a voice_n that_o make_v both_o a_o king_n and_o a_o law_n and_o without_o it_o there_o can_v be_v no_o imaginable_a government_n the_o reason_n be_v plain_a why_o the_o king_n negative_a voice_n be_v so_o eager_o oppose_v for_o though_o it_o give_v the_o king_n no_o power_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n yet_o it_o give_v he_o a_o power_n to_o hinder_v other_o though_o it_o can_v make_v he_o a_o king_n yet_o it_o can_v help_v he_o to_o keep_v other_o from_o be_v king_n for_o conclusion_n of_o this_o discourse_n of_o the_o negative_a voice_n of_o the_o king_n i_o shall_v oppose_v the_o judgement_n of_o a_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n to_o the_o opinion_n of_o he_o that_o call_v himself_o a_o utter_a barister_fw-mi of_o lincoln_n inn_n and_o let_v other_o judge_v who_o be_v the_o better_a lawyer_n of_o the_o two_o the_o word_n be_v bracton_n but_o concern_v mr._n pryn_n to_o lay_v they_o to_o heart_n concern_v the_o charter_n and_o deed_n of_o king_n the_o justice_n nor_o private_a man_n neither_o aught_o nor_o can_v dispute_v nor_o yet_o if_o there_o rise_v a_o doubt_n in_o the_o king_n charter_n can_v they_o interpret_v it_o and_o in_o doubtful_a and_o obscure_a point_n or_o if_o a_o word_n contain_v two_o sense_n the_o interpretation_n and_o will_v of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v see_v it_o be_v his_o part_n to_o interpret_v who_o make_v the_o charter_n full_a well_o mr._n pryn_n know_v that_o when_o bracton_n write_v the_o law_n that_o be_v then_o make_v and_o strive_v for_o be_v call_v the_o king_n charter_n as_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la charta_fw-la de_fw-fr foresta_n and_o other_o so_o that_o in_o bracton_n judgement_n the_o king_n have_v not_o only_o a_o negative_a voice_n to_o hinder_v but_o a_o affirmative_a to_o make_v a_o law_n which_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o master_n pryn_n will_v allow_v he_o not_o only_o the_o lawmaker_n but_o also_o the_o sole_a judge_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o king_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o bracton_n these_o be_v his_o word_n rex_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alius_fw-la debet_fw-la judicare_fw-la si_fw-la solus_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la sufficere_fw-la possit_fw-la the_o king_n and_o no_o other_o ought_v to_o judge_v if_o he_o alone_o be_v able_a much_o like_o the_o word_n of_o bracton_n speak_v briton_n where_o after_o that_o he_o have_v show_v that_o the_o king_n be_v the_o viceroy_n of_o god_n and_o that_o he_o have_v distribute_v his_o charge_n into_o sundry_a portion_n because_o he_o alone_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o hear_v all_o complaint_n of_o his_o people_n than_o he_o add_v these_o word_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n nous_fw-fr volon_n que_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr jurisdiction_n soit_fw-fr sur_fw-fr tout_fw-fr jurisdiction_n etc._n etc._n we_o will_v that_o our_o jurisdiction_n be_v above_o all_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o our_o realm_n so_o as_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o felony_n trespass_n contract_n and_o in_o all_o other_o action_n personal_a or_o real_a we_o have_v power_n to_o yield_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v yield_v such_o judgement_n as_o do_v appertain_v without_o other_o process_n wheresoever_o we_o know_v the_o right_a truth_n as_o judge_n neither_o be_v this_o to_o be_v take_v say_v mr._n lambard_n to_o be_v mean_v of_o the_o king_n bench_n where_o there_o be_v only_o a_o imaginary_a presence_n of_o his_o person_n but_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o jurisdiction_n remain_v and_o leave_v in_o the_o king_n be_v royal_a body_n and_o breast_n distinct_a from_o that_o of_o his_o bench_n and_o other_o ordinary_a court_n because_o he_o do_v immediate_o after_o several_o set_v forth_o by_o themselves_o as_o well_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n as_o of_o the_o other_o court_n and_o that_o this_o be_v no_o new-made_a law_n mr._n lamâ—…d_n put_v we_o in_o mind_n of_o a_o saxon_a law_n of_o king_n edgar_n nemo_n in_o light_fw-la regem_fw-la appellato_fw-la etc._n etc._n let_v no_o man_n iâ—…_n suit_n appeal_n unto_o the_o king_n unless_o he_o can_v get_v right_o aâ—…_n home_o but_o if_o that_o right_o be_v too_o heavy_a for_o he_o than_o lâ—…_n he_o go_v to_o the_o king_n to_o have_v it_o ease_v by_o which_o iâ—…_n may_v evident_o appear_v that_o even_o so_o many_o year_n agâ—…_n there_o may_v be_v appellation_n make_v to_o the_o king_n persae_n whensoever_o the_o cause_n shall_v enforce_v it_o the_o very_a like_o law_n in_o effect_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o law_n of_o canutus_n the_o dane_n sometime_o king_n of_o thâ—…_n realm_n out_o of_o which_o law_n master_n lambard_n gatheâ—…_n that_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v a_o high_a court_n of_o justia_n wherein_o it_o seem_v he_o sit_v in_o person_n for_o the_o word_n bâ—…_n let_v he_o not_o seek_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o same_o court_n â—…_n the_o king_n do_v judge_v not_o only_o according_a to_o meeâ—…_n right_o and_o law_n but_o also_o after_o equity_n and_o gooâ—…_n conscience_n for_o the_o close_a i_o shall_v end_v with_o the_o suffrage_n â—…_n our_o late_a antiquary_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n he_o say_v omnis_fw-la regni_fw-la justitia_fw-la solius_fw-la regis_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n all_o justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v only_o the_o king_n be_v and_o hâ—…_n alone_o if_o he_o be_v able_a shall_v administer_v it_o but_o thâ—…_n be_v impossible_a he_o be_v force_v to_o delegate_v it_o to_o minister_n who_o he_o bound_v by_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o law_n the_o positive_a law_n be_v only_o about_o general_n in_o particular_a case_n they_o be_v sometime_o too_o strict_a sometime_o too_o remisâ—…_n and_o so_o oft_o wrong_v instead_o of_o right_o will_v be_v do_v if_o wâ—…_n stand_v to_o strict_a law_n also_o cause_n hard_a and_o difficult_a dâ—…ly_n arise_v which_o be_v comprehend_v in_o no_o law-book_n â—…_n those_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o run_v back_o to_o the_o king_n tâ—…_n fountain_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o vicegerent_n of_o god_n himself_o who_o in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o jew_n take_v such_o cause_n to_o his_o own_o cognisance_n and_o leave_v to_o king_n not_o only_o the_o example_n of_o such_o jurisdiction_n but_o the_o prerogative_n also_o of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n what_o need_v all_o this_o ado_n will_v some_o say_v to_o
their_o council_n extraordinary_a that_o by_o their_o advice_n they_o may_v countenance_v and_o strengthen_v such_o action_n as_o be_v full_a of_o danger_n and_o envy_n and_o thus_o the_o consul_n by_o weaken_v their_o original_a power_n bring_v the_o government_n to_o confusion_n civil_a dissension_n and_o utter_a ruin_n so_o dangerous_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o show_v favour_n to_o common_a people_n who_o interpret_v all_o grace_n and_o favour_n for_o their_o right_n and_o just_a liberty_n the_o consul_n follow_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o senate_n or_o people_n do_v not_o take_v away_o their_o right_n of_o govern_v no_o more_o than_o king_n lose_v their_o supremacy_n by_o take_v advice_n in_o parliament_n not_o only_o the_o consul_n but_o also_o the_o praetor_n and_o censor_n two_o great_a office_n ordain_v only_o for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o consul_n from_o who_o a_o appeal_n lie_v to_o the_o consul_n do_v in_o many_o thing_n exercise_v a_o arbitrary_a or_o legislative_a power_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o consul_n they_o have_v no_o law_n to_o limit_v they_o for_o many_o year_n after_o the_o creation_n of_o consul_n ten_o man_n be_v send_v into_o greece_n to_o choose_v law_n and_o after_o the_o 12_o table_n be_v confirm_v whatsoever_o the_o praetor_n who_o be_v but_o the_o consul_n substitute_n do_v command_v be_v call_v jus_o honorarium_fw-la and_o they_o be_v wont_n at_o the_o entrance_n into_o their_o office_n to_o collect_v and_o hang_v up_o for_o public_a view_n a_o form_n of_o administration_n of_o justice_n which_o they_o will_v observe_v and_o though_o the_o edictum_fw-la praetoris_fw-la expire_v with_o the_o pretoâ—…_n office_n yet_o it_o be_v call_v edictum_fw-la perpetuum_fw-la what_o peace_n the_o low-countries_n have_v find_v since_o their_o revolt_n be_v visible_a it_o be_v near_o about_o a_o hundred_o year_n since_o they_o set_v up_o for_o themselves_o of_o all_o which_o time_n only_o twelve_o year_n they_o have_v a_o truce_n with_o the_o spaniard_n yet_o in_o the_o next_o year_n after_o the_o truce_n be_v agree_v upon_o the_o war_n of_o juliers_n break_v forth_o which_o engage_v both_o party_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o matter_n they_o have_v live_v in_o a_o continue_a war_n for_o almost_o 100_o year_n have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o the_o aid_n of_o their_o neighbour_n they_o have_v be_v long_o ago_o swallow_v up_o when_o they_o be_v glad_a humble_o to_o offer_v their_o new_a hatch_a commonweal_n and_o themselves_o vassal_n to_o the_o queen_n of_o england_n after_o that_o the_o french_a king_n hen._n 3._o have_v refuse_v to_o accept_v they_o as_o his_o subject_n that_o little_a truce_n they_o have_v be_v almost_o as_o costly_a as_o a_o war_n they_o be_v force_v to_o keep_v about_o thirty_o thousand_o soldier_n continual_o in_o garrison_n two_o thing_n they_o say_v they_o first_o fight_v about_o religion_n and_o tax_n and_o they_o have_v prevail_v it_o seem_v in_o both_o for_o they_o have_v get_v all_o the_o religion_n in_o christendom_n and_o pay_v the_o great_a tax_n in_o the_o world_n they_o pay_v tribute_n half_a in_o half_n for_o food_n and_o most_o necessary_a thing_n pay_v as_o much_o for_o tribute_n as_o the_o price_n of_o the_o thing_n sell_v excise_n be_v pay_v by_o all_o retailer_n of_o wine_n and_o other_o commodity_n for_o each_o tun_n of_o beer_n six_o shilling_n for_o each_o cow_n for_o the_o pail_n two_o stivers_n every_o week_n for_o ox_n horse_n sheep_n and_o other_o beast_n sell_v in_o the_o market_n the_o twelve_o part_n at_o least_o be_v they_o never_o so_o oft_o sell_v by_o the_o year_n to_o and_o fro_o the_o new_a master_n still_o pay_v as_o much_o they_o pay_v five_o stivers_n for_o every_o bushel_n of_o their_o own_o wheat_n which_o they_o use_v to_o grind_v in_o public_a mill_n these_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o low-country_n war._n it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o venice_n be_v a_o commonwealth_n that_o enjoy_v peace_n she_o indeed_o of_o all_o other_o state_n have_v enjoy_v of_o late_a the_o great_a peace_n but_o she_o owe_v it_o not_o to_o her_o kind_n of_o government_n but_o to_o the_o natural_a situation_n of_o the_o city_n have_v such_o a_o bank_n in_o the_o sea_n of_o near_o threescore_o mile_n and_o such_o marsh_n towards_o the_o land_n as_o make_v her_o unapproachable_a by_o land_n or_o sea_n to_o these_o she_o be_v indebt_v for_o her_o peace_n at_o home_n and_o what_o peace_n she_o have_v abroad_o she_o buy_v at_o a_o dear_a rate_n and_o yet_o her_o peace_n be_v little_o better_a than_o a_o continue_a war_n the_o city_n always_o be_v in_o such_o perpetual_a fear_n that_o many_o besiege_a city_n be_v in_o more_o security_n a_o senator_n or_o gentleman_n dare_v not_o converse_v with_o any_o stranger_n in_o venice_n shun_v acquaintance_n or_o dare_v not_o own_o it_o they_o be_v no_o better_a than_o bandito_n to_o all_o humane_a society_n nay_o no_o people_n in_o the_o world_n live_v in_o such_o jealousy_n one_o of_o another_o hence_o be_v their_o intricate_a solemnity_n or_o rather_o lottery_n in_o election_n of_o their_o magistrate_n which_o in_o any_o other_o place_n will_v be_v ridiculous_a and_o useless_a the_o senator_n or_o gentleman_n be_v not_o only_o jealous_a of_o the_o common_a people_n who_o they_o keep_v disarm_v but_o of_o one_o another_o they_o dare_v not_o trust_v any_o of_o their_o own_o citizen_n to_o be_v a_o leader_n of_o their_o army_n but_o be_v force_v to_o hire_v and_o entertain_v foreign_a prince_n for_o their_o general_n except_v their_o citizen_n from_o their_o war_n and_o hire_v other_o in_o their_o place_n it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o people_n live_v in_o peace_n which_o be_v in_o such_o miserable_a fear_n continual_o the_o venetian_n at_o first_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o româ—…_n emperor_n and_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o hun_n forsake_v milan_n and_o other_o place_n in_o italy_n and_o retire_v with_o all_o their_o substance_n to_o those_o islandâ—…_n where_o now_o venice_n stand_v i_o do_v not_o read_v they_o have_v any_o leave_n to_o desert_n the_o defence_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o country_n where_o they_o have_v get_v their_o wealth_n much_o less_o to_o set_v up_o a_o government_n of_o their_o own_o it_o be_v no_o better_a than_o a_o rebellion_n or_o revolt_a from_o the_o roman_a empire_n at_o first_o they_o live_v under_o a_o kind_n of_o oligarchy_n for_o several_a island_n have_v each_o a_o tribune_n who_o all_o meet_v and_o govern_v in_o common_a but_o the_o dangerous_a sedition_n of_o their_o tribune_n put_v a_o necessity_n upon_o they_o to_o choose_v a_o duke_n for_o life_n who_o for_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n have_v a_o absolute_a power_n under_o who_o government_n venice_n flourish_v most_o and_o get_v great_a victory_n and_o rich_a possession_n but_o by_o insensible_a degree_n the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o gentleman_n have_v for_o many_o year_n be_v lessen_v the_o power_n of_o their_o duke_n and_o have_v at_o last_o quite_o take_v it_o away_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a error_n for_o any_o man_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o government_n of_o venice_n have_v be_v always_o the_o same_o that_o it_o be_v now_o he_o that_o read_v but_o the_o history_n of_o venice_n may_v find_v for_o a_o long_a time_n a_o sovereign_a power_n in_o their_o duke_n and_o that_o for_o these_o last_o two_o hundred_o year_n since_o the_o diminish_n of_o that_o power_n there_o have_v be_v no_o great_a victory_n and_o conquest_n obtain_v by_o that_o estate_n that_o which_o exceed_v admiration_n be_v that_o contareâ—…_n have_v the_o confidence_n to_o affirm_v the_o present_a government_n of_o venice_n to_o be_v a_o mix_a form_n of_o monarchy_n democraty_n and_o aristocratie_n for_o whereas_o he_o make_v the_o duke_n to_o have_v the_o person_n and_o show_n of_o a_o king_n he_o after_o confess_v that_o the_o duke_n can_v do_v nothing_o at_o all_o alone_a and_o be_v join_v with_o other_o magistrate_n he_o have_v no_o more_o authority_n than_o any_o of_o they_o also_o the_o power_n of_o the_o magistrate_n be_v so_o small_a that_o no_o one_o of_o they_o how_o great_a soever_o he_o be_v can_v determine_v of_o any_o thing_n of_o moment_n without_o the_o allowance_n of_o the_o council_n so_o that_o this_o duke_n be_v but_o a_o man_n dress_v up_o in_o purple_a a_o king_n only_o in_o pomp_n and_o ornament_n in_o power_n but_o a_o senator_n within_o the_o city_n a_o captive_n without_o a_o traitor_n if_o he_o go_v without_o leave_n as_o little_a reason_n be_v there_o to_o think_v a_o popular_a estate_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o venice_n or_o s._n p._n q._n u._n for_o it_o do_v not_o consist_v of_o the_o forty_o part_n of_o the_o people_n but_o only_o of_o those_o they_o call_v patritian_n or_o gentleman_n for_o the_o commons_o neither_o by_o
the_o people_n may_v choose_v what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v and_o their_o will_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o right_n populus_fw-la eligere_fw-la potest_fw-la qualem_fw-la vult_fw-la gubernationis_fw-la formam_fw-la neque_fw-la ex_fw-la praestantia_fw-la formae_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la voluntate_fw-la jus_o metiendum_fw-la est_fw-la lib._n 1._o c._n 3._o also_o that_o the_o people_n choose_v a_o king_n may_v reserve_v some_o act_n to_o themselves_o and_o may_v bestow_v other_o upon_o the_o king_n with_o full_a authority_n if_o either_o a_o express_a partition_n be_v appoint_v or_o if_o the_o people_n be_v yet_o free_a do_v command_v their_o future_a king_n by_o way_n of_o a_o stand_a command_n or_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v add_v by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v understand_v that_o the_o king_n may_v be_v compel_v or_o else_o punish_v in_o these_o passage_n of_o grotius_n which_o i_o have_v cite_v we_o find_v evident_o these_o doctrine_n 1._o that_o civil_a power_n depend_v on_o the_o will_n of_o the_o people_n 2._o that_o private_a man_n or_o petty_a multitude_n may_v take_v up_o arm_n against_o their_o prince_n 3._o that_o the_o lawfull_a king_n have_v no_o propriety_n in_o their_o kingdom_n but_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o only_o as_o if_o the_o people_n be_v the_o lord_n and_o king_n but_o their_o tenant_n 4._o that_o the_o law_n of_o not_o resist_v superior_n be_v a_o humane_a law_n depend_v on_o the_o will_n of_o the_o people_n at_o first_o 5._o that_o the_o will_n of_o the_o first_o people_n if_o it_o be_v not_o know_v may_v be_v expound_v by_o the_o people_n that_o now_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o grotius_n foresee_v what_o use_v the_o people_n may_v make_v of_o these_o doctrine_n by_o conclude_v if_o the_o chief_a power_n be_v in_o the_o people_n that_o then_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o they_o to_o compel_v and_o punish_v king_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o misuse_v their_o power_n therefore_o he_o tell_v we_o he_o reject_v the_o opinion_n of_o they_o who_o every_o where_o and_o without_o exception_n will_v have_v the_o chief_a power_n to_o be_v so_o the_o people_n that_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o they_o to_o compel_v and_o punish_v king_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o misuse_v their_o power_n and_o this_o opinion_n he_o confess_v if_o it_o be_v altogether_o receive_v have_v be_v and_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o many_o evil_n this_o cautelous_a rejection_n qualify_v with_o these_o term_n of_o every_o where_o without_o exception_n and_o altogether_o make_v but_o a_o mix_a negation_n partly_o negative_a and_o partly_o affirmative_a which_o our_o lawyer_n call_v a_o negative_a repugnant_a which_o bring_v forth_o this_o modal_a proposition_n that_o in_o some_o place_n with_o exception_n and_o in_o some_o sort_n the_o people_n may_v compel_v and_o punish_v their_o king_n but_o let_v we_o see_v how_o grotius_n do_v refute_v the_o general_a opinion_n that_o people_n may_v correct_v king_n he_o frame_v his_o argument_n in_o these_o word_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o every_o man_n to_o yield_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o private_a servant_n to_o who_o he_o please_v what_o shall_v hinder_v but_o that_o also_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o a_o free_a people_n so_o to_o yield_v themselves_o to_o one_o or_o more_o that_o the_o right_n of_o govern_v they_o be_v full_o set_v over_o without_o retain_v any_o part_n of_o the_o right_a and_o you_o must_v not_o say_v that_o this_o may_v not_o be_v presume_v for_o we_o do_v not_o now_o seek_v what_o in_o a_o doubtful_a case_n may_v be_v presume_v but_o what_o by_o right_o may_v be_v do_v thus_o far_o be_v the_o argument_n in_o which_o the_o most_o that_o be_v prove_v if_o we_o gratify_v he_o and_o yield_v his_o whole_a argument_n for_o good_a be_v this_o that_o the_o people_n may_v grant_v away_o their_o power_n without_o retain_v any_o part_n but_o what_o be_v this_o to_o what_o the_o people_n have_v do_v for_o though_o the_o people_n may_v give_v away_o their_o power_n without_o reservation_n of_o any_o part_n to_o themselves_o yet_o if_o they_o have_v not_o so_o do_v but_o have_v reserve_v a_o part_n grotius_n must_v confess_v that_o the_o people_n may_v compel_v and_o punish_v their_o king_n if_o they_o transgress_v so_o that_o by_o his_o favour_n the_o point_n will_v be_v not_o what_o by_o right_o may_v be_v do_v but_o what_o in_o this_o doubtful_a case_n have_v be_v do_v since_o by_o his_o own_o rule_n it_o be_v the_o will_n and_o mean_v of_o the_o first_o people_n that_o join_v in_o society_n that_o must_v regulate_v the_o power_n of_o their_o successor_n but_o on_o grotius_n side_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o in_o all_o presumption_n the_o people_n have_v give_v away_o their_o whole_a power_n to_o king_n unless_o they_o can_v prove_v they_o have_v reserve_v a_o part_n for_o if_o they_o will_v have_v any_o benefit_n of_o a_o reservation_n or_o exception_n it_o lie_v on_o their_o part_n to_o prove_v their_o exception_n and_o not_o on_o the_o king_n part_n who_o be_v in_o possession_n this_o answer_n though_o in_o itself_o it_o be_v most_o just_a and_o good_a yet_o of_o all_o man_n grotius_n may_v not_o use_v it_o for_o he_o save_v the_o people_n the_o labour_n of_o prove_v the_o primitive_a reservation_n of_o their_o forefather_n by_o make_v the_o people_n that_o now_o be_v competent_a expositor_n of_o the_o meaning_n of_o those_o first_o ancestor_n who_o may_v just_o be_v presume_v not_o to_o have_v be_v either_o so_o improvident_a for_o themselves_o or_o so_o negligent_a of_o all_o their_o posterity_n when_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n they_o be_v free_a and_o have_v all_o thing_n common_a at_o a_o instant_a with_o any_o condition_n or_o limitation_n to_o give_v away_o that_o liberty_n and_o right_n of_o community_n and_o to_o make_v themselves_o and_o their_o child_n eternal_o subject_a to_o the_o will_n of_o such_o governor_n as_o may_v misuse_v they_o without_o control_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o people_n it_o may_v be_v further_o answer_v to_o grotius_n that_o although_o our_o ancestor_n have_v make_v a_o absolute_a grant_n of_o their_o liberty_n without_o any_o condition_n express_v yet_o it_o must_v be_v necessary_o employ_v that_o it_o be_v upon_o condition_n to_o be_v well-governed_a and_o that_o the_o non-performance_n of_o that_o employ_v condition_n make_v the_o grant_n void_a or_o if_o we_o will_v not_o allow_v a_o implicit_a condition_n than_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o the_o grant_v in_o itself_o be_v a_o void_a grant_n for_o be_v unreasonable_a and_o a_o violation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n without_o any_o valuable_a consideration_n what_o sound_a reply_n grotius_n can_v return_v to_o such_o answer_n i_o can_v conceive_v if_o he_o keep_v himself_o to_o his_o first_o principle_n of_o natural_a community_n as_o grotius_n argument_n against_o the_o people_n be_v not_o sound_a so_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o argument_n that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o people_n be_v not_o satisfactory_a it_o be_v object_v that_o he_o that_o ordain_v be_v above_o he_o that_o be_v ordain_v grotius_n answer_v verum_fw-la duntaxat_fw-la est_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la constitutione_n cujus_fw-la effectus_fw-la perpetuò_fw-la pendet_fw-la à _fw-la voluntate_fw-la constituentis_fw-la non_fw-la etiam_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la quae_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la est_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la postea_fw-la verò_fw-la effectum_fw-la habet_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la quomodo_fw-la mulier_fw-la virum_fw-la sibi_fw-la constituit_fw-la cui_fw-la parere_fw-la semper_fw-la habet_fw-la necesse_fw-la the_o reply_n may_v be_v that_o by_o grotius_n former_a doctrine_n the_o very_a effect_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o king_n by_o the_o people_n depend_v perpetual_o upon_o the_o will_n of_o they_o that_o constitute_v and_o upon_o no_o other_o necessity_n he_o will_v not_o say_v that_o it_o be_v by_o any_o necessity_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o by_o any_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n he_o teach_v that_o non_fw-la dei_fw-la praecepto_fw-la sed_fw-la sponte_fw-la man_n enter_v into_o civil_a society_n that_o it_o be_v a_o humane_a ordinance_n that_o god_n do_v only_o approve_v it_o ut_fw-la humanum_fw-la and_o humano_fw-la modo_fw-la he_o tell_v we_o further_o that_o populus_fw-la potest_fw-la eligere_fw-la qualem_fw-la vult_fw-la gubernationis_fw-la forâ—…am_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la voluntate_fw-la jus_o metiendum_fw-la est_fw-la that_o the_o people_n may_v give_v the_o king_n as_o little_a power_n as_o they_o will_v and_o for_o as_o little_a time_n as_o they_o please_v that_o they_o â—…ay_v make_v temporary_a king_n as_o dictator_n and_o protector_n jus_o quovis_fw-la tempore_fw-la revocabile_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la precarium_fw-la as_o the_o vandal_n in_o africa_n and_o the_o goth_n in_o spain_n will_v depose_v their_o king_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o displease_v they_o horum_fw-la enim_fw-la actus_fw-la irriti_fw-la possunt_fw-la reddi_fw-la ab_fw-la his_fw-la â—…i_fw-la potestatem_fw-la revocabiliter_fw-la dederunt_fw-la ac_fw-la proinde_fw-la non_fw-la idem_fw-la est_fw-la
first_o before_o the_o council_n of_o edw._n 4._o after_o that_o before_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o request_n of_o that_o king_n hen._n 7._o and_o then_o last_o before_o the_o council_n of_o the_o say_a king_n 1_o hen._n 7._o in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 3._o a_o order_n or_o provision_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n council_n and_o it_o be_v plead_v at_o the_o common_a law_n in_o bar_n to_o a_o writ_n of_o dower_n the_o plaintiff_n attorney_n can_v not_o deny_v it_o and_o thereupon_o the_o judgement_n be_v ideo_fw-la sine_fw-la die_fw-la it_o seem_v in_o those_o day_n a_o order_n of_o the_o king_n council_n be_v either_o parcel_n of_o the_o common_a law_n or_o above_o it_o also_o we_o may_v find_v the_o judge_n have_v have_v regard_n that_o before_o they_o will_v resolve_v or_o give_v judgement_n in_o new_a case_n they_o consult_v with_o the_o king_n privy_a council_n in_o the_o case_n of_o adam_n brabson_n who_o be_v assault_v by_o r._n w._n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n at_o westminster_n the_o judge_n will_v have_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o king_n council_n for_o in_o a_o like_a case_n because_o r._n c._n do_v strike_v a_o juror_n at_o westminster_n which_o pass_v against_o one_o of_o his_o friend_n it_o be_v adjudge_v by_o all_o the_o council_n that_o his_o right_a hand_n shall_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o his_o land_n and_o good_n forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n green_n and_o thorp_n be_v send_v by_o the_o judge_n to_o the_o king_n council_n to_o demand_v of_o they_o whether_o by_o the_o stat._n of_o 14_o edw._n 3._o 16._o a_o word_n may_v be_v amend_v in_o a_o writ_n and_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o a_o word_n may_v be_v well_o amend_v although_o the_o stat._n speak_v but_o of_o a_o letter_n or_o syllable_n in_o the_o case_n of_o sir_n thomas_n ogthred_n who_o bring_v a_o formedon_n against_o a_o poor_a man_n and_o his_o wife_n they_o come_v and_o yield_v to_o the_o demandant_n which_o seem_v suspicious_a to_o the_o court_n whereupon_o judgement_n be_v stay_v and_o thorp_n say_v that_o in_o the_o like_a case_n of_o giles_n blacket_n it_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o parliament_n and_o we_o be_v command_v that_o when_o any_o like_a shall_v come_v we_o shall_v not_o go_v to_o judgement_n without_o good_a advice_n therefore_o the_o judge_n conclusion_n be_v sue_v a_o counseil_fw-fr &_o comment_v ill_n voilent_a que_fw-fr nous_fw-fr devomus_fw-la fair_a nous_fw-fr volume_n fair_a &_o autrement_fw-fr nient_a en_fw-fr oest_fw-mi case_n sue_v to_o the_o council_n and_o as_o they_o will_v have_v we_o to_o do_v we_o will_v do_v and_o otherwise_o not_o in_o this_o case_n 39_o edw._n 3._o thus_o we_o see_v the_o judge_n themselves_o be_v guide_v by_o the_o king_n council_n and_o yet_o the_o opinion_n of_o judge_n have_v guide_v the_o lord_n in_o parliament_n in_o point_n of_o law_n all_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n baron_n of_o exchequer_n of_o the_o quoif_n the_o king_n learned_a council_n and_o the_o civilian_n master_n of_o chancery_n be_v call_v temporal_a assistant_n by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n and_o though_o he_o deny_v they_o voice_n in_o parliament_n yet_o lie_n confess_v that_o by_o their_o writ_n they_o have_v power_n both_o to_o treat_v and_o to_o give_v council_n i_o can_v find_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v any_o other_o power_n by_o their_o writ_n the_o word_n of_o the_o lord_n write_v be_v that_o you_o be_v present_a with_o we_o the_o prelate_n great_a man_n and_o peer_n to_o treat_v and_o give_v your_o counsel_n the_o word_n of_o the_o judge_n write_v be_v that_o you_o be_v present_a with_o we_o and_o other_o of_o the_o counsel_n and_o sometime_o with_o we_o only_o to_o treat_v and_o give_v your_o counsel_n the_o judge_n usual_o join_v in_o committee_n with_o the_o lord_n in_o all_o parliament_n even_o in_o queen_n eliz._n reign_n until_o her_o 39th_o year_n and_o then_o upon_o the_o seven_o of_o november_n the_o judge_n be_v appoint_v to_o attend_v the_o lord_n and_o whereas_o the_o judge_n have_v liberty_n in_o the_o upper_a house_n itself_o upon_o leave_v give_v they_o by_o the_o l._n keeper_n to_o cover_v themselves_o now_o at_o committee_n they_o sit_v always_o uncover_v the_o power_n of_o judge_n in_o parliament_n be_v best_a understand_v if_o we_o consider_v how_o the_o judicial_a power_n of_o peer_n have_v be_v exercise_v in_o matter_n of_o judicature_n we_o may_v find_v it_o have_v be_v the_o practice_n that_o though_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o king_n absence_n give_v judgement_n in_o point_n of_o law_n yet_o they_o be_v to_o be_v direct_v and_o regulate_v by_o the_o king_n judge_n who_o be_v best_a able_a to_o give_v direction_n in_o the_o difficult_a point_n of_o the_o law_n which_o ordinary_o be_v unknown_a to_o the_o lord_n and_o therefore_o if_o any_o error_n be_v commit_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n which_o be_v the_o high_a ordinary_a court_n of_o common_a law_n in_o the_o kingdom_n that_o error_n must_v be_v redress_v in_o parliament_n and_o the_o manner_n be_v say_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n egerton_n if_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v sue_v in_o parl._n upon_o a_o judgement_n give_v by_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o high_a house_n alone_o without_o the_o commons_o be_v to_o examine_v the_o error_n the_o lord_n be_v to_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o for_o their_o judgement_n therein_o they_o be_v to_o be_v inform_v by_o the_o advice_n and_o council_n of_o the_o judge_n who_o be_v to_o inform_v they_o what_o the_o law_n be_v and_o to_o direct_v they_o in_o their_o judgement_n for_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o to_o follow_v their_o own_o discretion_n or_o opinion_n otherwise_o 28_o hen._n 6._o the_o commons_o make_v suit_n that_o w._n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pool_n d._n of_o suffolk_n shall_v be_v commit_v to_o prison_n for_o many_o treason_n and_o other_o crime_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o high_a house_n be_v doubtful_a what_o answer_v to_o give_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v demand_v their_o opinion_n be_v that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v commit_v for_o that_o the_o commons_o do_v not_o charge_v he_o with_o any_o particular_a offence_n but_o with_o general_a report_n and_o slander_n this_o opinion_n be_v allow_v 31._o hen._n 6._o a_o parliament_n be_v prorogue_v in_o the_o vacation_n the_o speaker_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v condemn_v in_o a_o thousand_o pound_n damage_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o commit_v to_o prison_n in_o execution_n for_o the_o same_o when_o the_o parliament_n be_v reassembled_a the_o commons_o make_v suit_n to_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n to_o have_v their_o speaker_n deliver_v the_o lord_n demand_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n whether_o he_o may_v be_v deliver_v out_o of_o prison_n by_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n upon_o the_o judge_n answer_v it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o speaker_n shall_v remain_v iâ—…_n prison_n according_a to_o the_o law_n notwithstanding_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n and_o that_o he_o be_v speaker_n which_o resolution_n be_v declare_v to_o the_o commons_o by_o moyâ—…_n the_o king_n sergeant_n at_o law_n and_o the_o commons_o be_v command_v in_o the_o king_n name_n by_o the_o bishop_n 〈◊〉_d lincoln_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n then_z chancellor_z to_o choose_v another_o speaker_n 7_o hen._n 8._o a_o question_n be_v move_v in_o parliament_n whether_o spiritual_a person_n may_v be_v convent_v before_o temporal_a judge_n for_o criminal_a cause_n there_o sir_n john_n fineux_n and_o the_o other_o judge_n deliver_v their_o opinion_n that_o they_o may_v and_o ought_v to_o be_v and_o their_o opinion_n allow_v and_o maintain_v by_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n and_o dr._n standish_n who_o before_o have_v hold_v the_o same_o opinion_n wâ—…_n deliver_v from_o the_o bishop_n i_o find_v it_o affirm_v that_o in_o cause_n which_o receive_v determination_n in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n the_o king_n have_v 〈◊〉_d vote_n at_o all_o no_o more_o than_o in_o other_o court_n of_o ministerial_a jurisdiction_n true_a it_o be_v the_o king_n have_v no_o vote_n at_o all_o if_o we_o understand_v by_o vote_n a_o voice_n among_o other_o for_o he_o have_v no_o partner_n with_o he_o in_o give_v judgement_n but_o if_o by_o no_o vote_n be_v mean_v he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o judge_v we_o dispoil_v he_o of_o his_o sovereignty_n it_o be_v the_o chief_a mark_n of_o supremacy_n to_o judge_v in_o the_o high_a cause_n and_o last_o appeal_n this_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n full_a well_o understand_v when_o they_o petition_v for_o a_o king_n to_o judge_v they_o if_o the_o dernier_fw-fr resoâ—…_n be_v to_o the_o lord_n alone_o than_o they_o have_v the_o supremacy_n but_o as_o moses_n by_o choose_v elder_n to_o judge_v in_o small_a cause_n do_v
not_o thereby_o lose_v his_o authority_n to_o be_v judge_n himself_o when_o he_o please_v even_o in_o the_o small_a matter_n much_o less_o in_o the_o great_a which_o he_o reserve_v to_o himself_o so_o king_n by_o delegate_a other_o to_o judge_n under_o they_o do_v not_o thereby_o denude_v themselves_o of_o a_o power_n to_o judge_v when_o they_o think_v good_a there_o be_v a_o distinction_n of_o these_o time_n that_o king_n themselves_o may_v not_o judge_v but_o they_o may_v see_v and_o look_v to_o the_o judge_n that_o they_o give_v judgement_n according_a to_o law_n and_o for_o this_o purpose_n only_o as_o some_o say_v king_n may_v sometime_o sit_v in_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n but_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o king_n to_o see_v the_o law_n execute_v except_o there_o be_v a_o power_n in_o king_n both_o to_o judge_v when_o the_o law_n be_v due_o execute_v and_o when_o not_o as_o also_o to_o compel_v the_o judge_n if_o they_o do_v not_o their_o duty_n without_o such_o power_n a_o king_n sit_v in_o court_n be_v but_o a_o mockery_n and_o a_o scorn_n to_o the_o judge_n and_o if_o this_o power_n be_v allow_v to_o king_n than_o their_o judgement_n be_v supreme_a in_o all_o court_n and_o indeed_o our_o common_a law_n to_o this_o purpose_n do_v presume_v that_o the_o king_n have_v alâ—…_n law_n within_o the_o cabinet_n of_o his_o breast_n in_o scrinio_fw-la pectoris_fw-la say_v crompton_n jurisdiction_n 108._o when_o several_a of_o our_o statute_n leave_v many_o thing_n to_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n for_o we_o to_o interpret_v all_o those_o statute_n of_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n justice_n only_o be_v to_o give_v a_o absolute_a arbitrary_a power_n to_o the_o justice_n in_o those_o case_n wherein_o we_o deny_v it_o to_o the_o king_n the_o statute_n of_o 5_o hen._n 4._o c._n 2._o make_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o king_n justice_n in_o these_o word_n divers_a notorious_a felon_n be_v indict_v of_o divers_a felony_n murder_n rape_n and_o as_o well_o before_o the_o king_n justice_n as_o before_o the_o king_n himself_o arreign_v of_o the_o same_o felony_n i_o read_v that_o in_o an._n 1256._o hen._n 3._o sit_v in_o the_o eâ—…chequer_n and_o there_o set_v down_o order_n for_o the_o appearance_n sheriff_n and_o bring_v in_o their_o account_n there_o wâ—…_n five_o mark_n set_v on_o every_o sheriff_n head_n for_o a_o fine_a bâ—…cause_n they_o have_v not_o distrain_v every_o person_n that_o migâ—…_n dispend_v fifteen_o pound_n land_n by_o the_o year_n to_o receive_v tâ—…_n order_n of_o knighthood_n according_a as_o the_o same_o sherifâ—…_n be_v command_v in_o michaelmas_n term_n 1462._o edw._n 4._o sate_a thâ—…_n day_n together_o in_o open_a court_n in_o the_o king_n bench._n for_o this_o point_n there_o need_v no_o further_a proof_n bâ—…cause_n mr._n pryn_n do_v confess_v that_o king_n themseluâ—…_n have_v sit_v in_o person_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o other_o couâ—…_n and_o there_o give_v judgement_n p._n 32._o treachery_n and_o dâ—…loyalty_n etc._n etc._n notwithstanding_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v for_o tâ—…_n legislative_a and_o judicial_a power_n of_o king_n mr._n pryâ—…_n be_v so_o far_o from_o yield_v the_o king_n a_o power_n to_o maâ—…_n law_n that_o he_o will_v not_o grant_v the_o king_n a_o power_n to_o hinder_v a_o law_n from_o be_v make_v that_o be_v 〈◊〉_d allow_v he_o not_o a_o negative_a voice_n in_o most_o case_n which_o be_v due_a to_o every_o other_o even_o to_o the_o meaâ—…est_a member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o his_o judgement_n to_o prove_v the_o king_n have_v not_o a_o negative_a voice_n 〈◊〉_d main_a and_o in_o truth_n his_o only_a argument_n insist_v oâ—…_n be_v a_o coronation-oath_n which_o be_v say_v ancient_o soâ—…_n of_o our_o king_n of_o england_n have_v take_v wherein_o thâ—…_n grant_v to_o defend_v and_o protect_v the_o just_a law_n and_o customâ—…_n which_o the_o vulgar_a have_v or_o shall_v choose_v justas_fw-la legâ—…_n &_o consuetudines_fw-la quas_fw-la vulgus_fw-la elegerit_fw-la hence_o mâ—…_n pryn_n conclude_v that_o the_o king_n can_v deny_v any_o jaâ—…_n which_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o shall_v make_v choâ—…_n of_o for_o so_o he_o will_v have_v vulgus_fw-la to_o signify_v though_o neither_o our_o king_n nor_o many_o of_o his_o predecessor_n ever_o take_v this_o oath_n nor_o be_v bind_v to_o â—…ake_v it_o for_o aught_o appear_v yet_o we_o may_v admit_v â—…hat_o our_o king_n have_v take_v it_o and_o answer_v we_o may_v be_v confident_a that_o neither_o the_o bishop_n nor_o privy_a council_n nor_o parliament_n nor_o any_o other_o whosoever_o they_o be_v that_o frame_v or_o pen_v this_o oath_n ever_o intend_v in_o this_o word_n vulgus_fw-la the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n much_o less_o the_o lord_n they_o will_v never_o so_o much_o disparage_v the_o member_n of_o parliament_n as_o to_o disgrace_v they_o with_o a_o title_n both_o base_a and_o false_a it_o have_v be_v enough_o if_o not_o too_o much_o to_o have_v call_v they_o populus_fw-la the_o people_n but_o vulgus_fw-la the_o vulgar_a the_o rude_a multitude_n which_o have_v the_o epithet_n of_o ignobile_fw-la vulgus_fw-la be_v a_o word_n as_o dishonourable_a to_o the_o composer_n of_o the_o oath_n to_o give_v or_o for_o the_o king_n to_o use_v as_o for_o the_o member_n of_o the_o parliament_n to_o receive_v it_o be_v most_o false_a for_o the_o peer_n can_v be_v vulgus_fw-la because_o they_o be_v the_o prime_a person_n of_o the_o kingdom_n next_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v notable_a knight_n or_o notable_a esquire_n or_o gentleman_n bear_v in_o the_o county_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o be_v knight_n then_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v to_o be_v most_o sufficient_a none_o of_o these_o can_v be_v vulgus_fw-la even_o those_o freeholders_n that_n choose_v knight_n be_v the_o best_a and_o able_a man_n of_o their_o county_n there_o be_v for_o every_o freeholder_n above_o ten_o of_o the_o common_a people_n to_o be_v find_v to_o be_v term_v the_o vulgar_a therefore_o it_o rest_v that_o vulgus_fw-la must_v signify_v the_o vulgar_a or_o common_a people_n and_o not_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o but_o now_o the_o doubt_n will_v be_v what_o the_o common_a people_n or_o vulgus_fw-la out_o of_o parliament_n have_v to_o do_v to_o choose_v law_n the_o answer_n be_v easy_a and_o ready_a there_o go_v before_o quas_fw-la vulgus_fw-la the_o antecedeâ—…_n consuetudines_fw-la that_o be_v the_o custom_n which_o the_o vulghath_fw-mi or_o shall_v choose_v do_v but_o observe_v the_o nature_n 〈◊〉_d custom_n and_o it_o be_v the_o vulgus_fw-la or_o common_a people_n only_o who_o choose_v custom_n common_a usage_n time_n out_o 〈◊〉_d mind_n create_v a_o custom_n and_o the_o commoner_n 〈◊〉_d usage_n be_v the_o strong_a and_o the_o better_a be_v the_o custom_n no_o where_o can_v so_o common_a a_o usage_n be_v find_v 〈◊〉_d among_o the_o vulgar_a who_o be_v still_o the_o far_a greatâ—…_n part_n of_o every_o multitude_n if_o a_o custom_n be_v commoâ—…_n through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n it_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o common_a law_n in_o england_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v common_a custom_n thus_o in_o plain_a term_n to_o protect_v the_o custom_n which_o the_o vulgar_a choose_v be_v to_o swear_v to_o protect_v the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n but_o grant_v that_o vulgus_fw-la in_o the_o oath_n signify_v lordâ—…_n and_o commons_o and_o that_o consuetudines_fw-la do_v not_o signify_v custom_n but_o statute_n as_o mr._n pryn_n for_o a_o desperate_a shift_n affirm_v and_o let_v elegerit_fw-la be_v the_o future_a or_o preterperfect_a tense_n even_o which_o mr._n pryn_n please_v yet_o it_o can_v exclude_v the_o king_n negative_a voice_n for_o as_o consuetudines_fw-la go_v before_o quas_fw-la vulgus_fw-la so_o do_v justas_fw-la stand_n before_o leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la so_o that_o not_o all_o law_n but_o only_o all_o just_a law_n be_v mean_v if_o the_o sole_a choice_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o do_v oblige_v the_o king_n to_o protect_v their_o choice_n without_o power_n of_o denial_n what_o need_n or_o why_o be_v the_o word_n justas_fw-la put_v in_o to_o raise_v a_o scruple_n that_o some_o law_n may_v be_v unjust_a mr._n pryn_n will_v not_o say_v that_o a_o decree_n of_o a_o general_n council_n or_o of_o a_o pope_n be_v infallible_a nor_o â—…_n think_v a_o bill_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v infallible_a just_a and_o impossible_a to_o err_v if_o he_o do_v sir_n edward_n coke_n will_v tell_v he_o that_o parliament_n have_v be_v utter_o deceive_v and_o that_o in_o ease_n of_o great_a moment_n even_o iâ—…_n case_n of_o high_a treason_n and_o he_o call_v the_o statute_n of_o 11_o hen._n 7._o a_o unjust_a and_o strange_a act._n but_o it_o may_v be_v mr._n pryn_n will_v confess_v that_o law_n choose_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o