they_o shall_v reign_v in_o ireland_n nay_o they_o be_v come_v that_o height_n by_o these_o great_a possession_n that_o they_o can_v not_o brook_v that_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n itself_o shall_v have_v any_o jurisdiction_n or_o power_n over_o they_o for_o many_o of_o these_o lord_n to_o who_o our_o king_n have_v grant_v these_o petty_a kingdom_n do_v by_o virtue_n and_o colour_n of_o these_o grant_n claim_n and_o exercise_n jura_n regalia_z within_o their_o territory_n in_o so_o much_o as_o there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o eight_o county_n palatine_n in_o ireland_n at_o one_o time_n power_n the_o first_o english_a conqueror_n exercise_n regal_a power_n these_o absolute_a palatine_n make_v baron_n and_o knight_n do_v exercise_v high_a justice_n in_o all_o point_n within_o their_o territory_n erect_a court_n for_o criminal_a and_o civil_a cause_n and_o for_o their_o own_o revenue_n in_o the_o same_o form_n as_o the_o king_n court_n be_v establish_v at_o dublin_n make_v their_o own_o judge_n seneschal_n sheriff_n coroner_n and_o escheator_n so_o as_o the_o king_n writ_n do_v not_o run_v in_o those_o county_n which_o take_v up_o more_o than_o two_o part_n of_o the_o english_a colony_n but_o only_a in_o church_n land_n lie_v within_o the_o same_o which_o be_v call_v the_o cross_n wherein_o the_o king_n make_v a_o sheriff_n and_o so_o in_o each_o of_o these_o county_n palatine_n there_o be_v two_o sheriff_n one_o of_o the_o liberty_n and_o another_o of_o the_o cross_n whereby_o it_o be_v manifest_a how_o much_o the_o king_n jurisdiction_n be_v restrain_v and_o the_o power_n of_o these_o lord_n enlarge_v by_o these_o high_a privilege_n again_o these_o great_a undertaker_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o any_o form_n of_o plantation_n but_o all_o be_v leave_v to_o their_o discretion_n and_o pleasure_n and_o although_o they_o build_v castle_n and_o make_v freeholder_n yet_o be_v there_o no_o tenor_n or_o service_n reserve_v to_o the_o crown_n but_o the_o lord_n draw_v all_o the_o respect_n and_o dependency_n of_o the_o common_a people_n unto_o themselves_o now_o let_v we_o see_v what_o inconvenience_n do_v arise_v by_o these_o large_a and_o ample_a grant_n of_o land_n and_o liberty_n to_o the_o first_o adventurer_n in_o the_o conquest_n ireland_n the_o great_a inconvenience_n that_o ensue_v the_o grant_n of_o whole_a province_n and_o petit_fw-fr kingdom_n to_o the_o first_o english_a conqueror_n of_o ireland_n without_o doubt_n by_o these_o grant_n of_o whole_a province_n and_o petty_a kingdom_n these_o few_o english_a lord_n pretend_v to_o be_v proprietor_n of_o all_o the_o land_n so_o as_o their_o be_v no_o possibility_n leave_v of_o settle_v the_o native_n in_o their_o possession_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o conquest_n become_v impossible_a without_o the_o utter_a extirpation_n of_o all_o the_o irish_a which_o these_o english_a lord_n be_v not_o able_a to_o perform_v nor_o perhaps_o willing_a if_o they_o have_v ability_n notwithstanding_o because_o they_o do_v still_o hope_n to_o become_v lord_n of_o those_o land_n which_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o irish_a whereunto_o they_o pretend_v title_n by_o their_o large_a grant_n and_o because_o they_o do_v fear_v that_o if_o the_o irish_a be_v receive_v into_o the_o king_n protection_n and_o make_v liege-man_n and_o free_a subject_n the_o state_n of_o england_n will_v establish_v they_o in_o their_o possession_n by_o grant_n from_o the_o crown_n reduce_v their_o country_n into_o county_n ennoble_v some_o of_o they_o and_o enfranchise_v all_o and_o make_v they_o amensurable_a to_o the_o law_n which_o will_v have_v abridge_v and_o cut_v off_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o greatness_n which_o they_o have_v promise_v unto_o themselves_o they_o therefore_o persuade_v the_o king_n of_o england_n that_o it_o be_v unfit_a to_o communicate_v the_o law_n of_o england_n unto_o they_o and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o best_a policy_n to_o hold_v they_o as_o alien_n and_o enemy_n and_o to_o prosecute_v they_o with_o a_o continual_a war_n whereby_o they_o obtain_v another_o royal_a prerogative_n and_o power_n which_o be_v to_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n at_o their_o pleasure_n in_o every_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o give_v they_o a_o absolute_a command_n over_o the_o body_n land_n and_o good_n of_o the_o english_a subject_n there_o and_o beside_o the_o irish_a inhabit_v the_o land_n full_o conquer_a and_o reduce_v be_v in_o the_o condition_n of_o slave_n and_o villain_n do_v render_v a_o great_a profit_n and_o revenue_n than_o if_o they_o have_v be_v the_o king_n free_a subject_n and_o therefore_o for_o these_o two_o cause_n last_o express_v they_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o root_v out_o all_o the_o irishry_n again_o those_o large_a scope_n of_o land_n and_o great_a liberty_n with_o absolute_a power_n to_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n do_v raise_v the_o english_a lord_n to_o that_o height_n of_o pride_n and_o ambition_n as_o they_o can_v not_o endure_v one_o another_o but_o grow_v to_o a_o mortal_a war_n and_o dissension_n among_o themselves_o insomuch_o that_o whole_a town_n and_o country_n have_v often_o time_n be_v destroy_v by_o their_o contention_n which_o bring_v forth_o divers_a mischief_n that_o do_v not_o only_o disable_v the_o english_a to_o finish_v the_o conquest_n of_o all_o ireland_n but_o do_v endanger_v the_o loss_n of_o what_o be_v already_o gain_v and_o of_o conqueror_n make_v themselves_o slave_n to_o that_o nation_n which_o they_o do_v intend_v to_o conquer_v for_o whensoever_o one_o english_a lord_n have_v vanquish_v another_o the_o irish_a wait_v and_o take_v the_o opportunity_n and_o fall_v upon_o that_o country_n which_o have_v receive_v the_o blow_n and_o so_o daily_o recover_v some_o part_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o english_a colony_n beside_o the_o english_a lord_n to_o strengthen_v their_o party_n do_v ally_n themselves_o with_o the_o irish_a and_o draw_v they_o in_o to_o dwell_v among_o they_o and_o give_v their_o child_n to_o be_v foster_v by_o they_o and_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o pay_v or_o reward_v they_o suffer_v they_o to_o take_v coin_n and_o livery_n upon_o the_o english_a freeholder_n which_o oppression_n be_v so_o intolerable_a as_o that_o the_o better_a sort_n be_v enforce_v to_o quit_v their_o freehold_n and_o fly_v into_o england_n and_o never_o return_v though_o many_o law_n be_v make_v in_o both_o realm_n to_o remand_v they_o back_o again_o and_o the_o rest_n which_o remain_v become_v degenerate_a and_o mere_a irish_a as_o be_v before_o declare_v and_o the_o english_a lord_n find_v the_o irish_a exaction_n to_o be_v more_o profitable_a than_o the_o english_a rent_n and_o service_n and_o love_v the_o irish_a tyranny_n which_o be_v tie_v to_o no_o rule_n of_o law_n or_o honour_n better_a than_o a_o just_a and_o lawful_a seignory_n do_v reject_v and_o cast_v off_o the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n receive_v the_o irish_a law_n and_o custom_n take_v as_o aforesaid_a irish_a surname_n refuse_v to_o come_v to_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n authority_n and_o scorn_v to_o obey_v the_o english_a knight_n which_o be_v send_v to_o command_v and_o govern_v this_o kingdom_n ireland_n why_o the_o king_n of_o england_n grant_v such_o large_a proportion_n of_o land_n to_o the_o first_o conqueror_n of_o ireland_n but_o this_o aught_o withal_o to_o be_v take_v into_o consideration_n that_o as_o these_o grant_n of_o little_a kingdom_n and_o great_a royalty_n to_o a_o few_o private_a person_n do_v produce_v the_o mischief_n speak_v of_o before_o so_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o make_v those_o grant_n do_v proceed_v from_o this_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v otherwise_o employ_v and_o divert_v do_v not_o make_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n their_o own_o work_n and_o undertake_v it_o not_o royal_o at_o their_o own_o charge_n but_o as_o it_o be_v first_o begin_v by_o particular_a adventurer_n so_o they_o leave_v the_o prosecution_n thereof_o to_o they_o and_o other_o adventurer_n who_o come_v to_o seek_v their_o fortune_n in_o ireland_n wherein_o if_o they_o can_v prevail_v they_o think_v it_o in_o reason_n and_o honour_n they_o can_v do_v no_o less_o than_o make_v they_o proprietor_n of_o such_o scope_n of_o land_n as_o they_o can_v conquer_v people_n and_o plant_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n reserve_v only_o the_o sovereign_a lordship_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o if_o the_o lion_n have_v go_v to_o hunt_v himself_o the_o share_n of_o the_o inferior_a beast_n have_v not_o be_v so_o great_a if_o the_o invasion_n have_v be_v make_v by_o a_o army_n transmit_v furnish_v and_o supply_v only_o at_o the_o king_n charge_n and_o whole_o pay_v with_o the_o king_n treasure_n as_o the_o army_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o king_n james_n be_v as_o the_o conquest_n have_v be_v soon_o achieve_v so_o the_o servitor_n have_v be_v content_v
little_a more_o honour_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n with_o one_o and_o the_o same_o authority_n and_o without_o doubt_n those_o first_o justicer_n of_o ireland_n as_o the_o justicer_n of_o england_n who_o in_o that_o age_n be_v also_o for_o brevity_n call_v justice_n be_v ordain_v for_o keep_v of_o the_o peace_n and_o minister_a of_o justice_n to_o all_o and_o every_o person_n as_o be_v the_o proprietor_n and_o proconsul_n in_o old_a time_n among_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v send_v into_o a_o province_n with_o high_a command_n before_o we_o pass_v further_o let_v we_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o catalogue_n here_o before_o we_o comprehend_v this_o follow_a table_n a_o table_n show_v the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o all_o the_o lord_n lieutenant_n deputy_n and_o lord_n justice_n of_o ireland_n with_o the_o time_n they_o begin_v their_o government_n since_o the_o 16_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o unto_o this_o present_a year_n 1672._o order_n their_o name_n title_n they_o have_v before_o title_n in_o ireland_n month._n day_n year_n 1_o henry_n duke_n of_o york_n l._n lieuten_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1501_o 2_o gerrald_n earl_n of_o kildare_n deputy_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1501_o 3_o thomas_n howard_n earl_n of_o surrey_n lieuten_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1520_o 4_o peer_n butler_n earl_n of_o ossory_n deputy_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 5_o gerrald_n earl_n of_o kildare_n deputy_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 6_o  _fw-fr baron_fw-fr of_o delvin_n deputy_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 7_o piers_n butler_n earl_n of_o ossory_n deputy_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1529_o 8_o will._n skevington_n knight_n deputy_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1530_o 9_o gerrald_n earl_n of_o kildare_n deputy_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1532_o 10_o will._n skevington_n knight_n deputy_n october_n 4_o 1534_o 11_o leonard_n lord_n grey_a deputy_n january_n 1_o 1534_o 12_o william_n brereton_n knight_n deputy_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1540_o 13_o anthon._n s._n leaguer_n knight_n deputy_n july_n 25_o 1541_o 14_o william_n brabazon_n knight_n justice_n april_n 1_o 1546_o 15_o anthon._n s._n leaguer_n knight_n deputy_n august_n 4_o 1546_o 16_o edw._n bellingham_n knight_n deputy_n may_n  _fw-fr 1548_o 17_o francis_n bryen_n knight_n justice_n decemb._n 27_o 1549_o 18_o william_n brabazon_n knight_n justice_n februar_n  _fw-fr 1549_o 19_o anthon._n s._n leaguer_n knight_n deputy_n august_n 4_o 1550_o 20_o james_n crofts_n knight_n deputy_n april_n 29_o 1551_o 21_o thomas_n cusack_n gerrald_n ailmer_n knight_n justice_n decemb._n  _fw-fr 1552_o 22_o anth._n s._n leaguer_n knight_n deputy_n septemb_n 1_o 1554_o 23_o thomas_n lord_n fitz-water_n deputy_n may_v 26_o 1555_o 24_o hugh_n cruwen_n henry_n sidney_n arch._n bish_n dub._n l._n chan._n knight_n and_o treasurer_n justice_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1557_o 25_o henry_n sidney_n knight_n justice_n february_n 6_o 1557_o 26_o thomas_n earl_n of_o sussex_n deputy_n april_n 27_o 1558_o 27_o h._n sidney_n absent_a sussex_n in_o scotia_n knight_n justice_n septemb_n 24_o 1558_o 28_o thomas_n earl_n of_o sussex_n deputy_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 29_o henry_n sidney_n knight_n justice_n decemb._n 13_o 1558_o 30_o thomas_n earl_n of_o sussex_n deputy_n august_n 27_o 1559_o 31_o w._n fitz-williams_n knight_n justice_n february_n 15_o 1559_o 32_o thomas_n earl_n of_o sussex_n lieutenant_n june_n 24_o 1560_o 33_o w._n fitz-williams_n knight_n justice_n february_n 2_o 1560_o 34_o thomas_n earl_n of_o sussex_n lieutenant_n june_n 1_o 1561_o 35_o w._n fitz_n william_n knight_n justice_n january_n 22_o 1561_o 36_o thomas_n earl_n of_o sussex_n lieutenant_n july_n 24_o 1562_o 37_o nicholas_n arnold_n knight_n justice_n may_v 25_o 1564_o 38_o henry_n sidney_n knight_n deputy_n june_n 20_o 1565_o 39_o do_v weston_n w._n fitz-williams_n lord_n chancellor_z knight_z justices_z octob._n 14_o 1567._o 40_o henry_n sidney_n knight_n deputy_n octob._n 20_o 1568_o 41_o w._n fitz-williams_n knight_n justice_n march_n 26_o 1570_o 42_o w._n fitz-williams_n knight_n deputy_n june_n 13_o 1570_o 43_o henry_n sidney_n knight_n deputy_n septemb_n 18_o 1575._o 44_o william_n drury_n knight_n justice_n septemb_n 14_o 1578_o 45_o william_n petham_n knight_n justice_n october_n 11_o 1579_o 46_o arthur_n lord_n grey_a deputy_n august_n 12_o 1580_o 47_o adam_n loftus_n henry_n wallop_n arch._n bish_n dub._n l._n chan._n knight_n and_o treasurer_n justice_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1582_o 48_o john_n perrott_n knight_n deputy_n june_n 21_o 1584._o 49_o w._n fitz-williams_n knight_n deputy_n june_n 30_o 1588._o 50_o william_n russel_n knight_n deputy_n august_n 11_o 1594_o 51_o thomas_n lord_n burrogh_n deputy_n may_v 22_o 1597_o 52_o thomas_n norris_n knight_n justice_n october_n 30_o 1597_o 53_o adam_n loftus_n archbish_a dub._n l._n chan._n justice_n novemb_n 27_o 1597_o 53_o robert_n gardiner_n knight_n justice_n novem._n 27_o 1597_o 54_o rob._n d'evercux_n earl_n of_o essex_n lieutenant_n april_n 15_o 1598._o  _fw-fr adam_n loftus_n archbish_a dub._n l._n chan._n justices_z  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1599_o 55_o george_n carie_n knight_n and_o treasurer_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 56_o charles_n blunt_a lord_n mount-joy_n lieutenant_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1599_o 57_o george_n carie_n knight_n and_o treasurer_n deputy_n april_n 29_o 1603_o 58_o arthur_n chichester_n knight_n deputy_n february_n 3_o 1604_o  _fw-fr thomas_n jones_n arch_n bish_n dub._n l._n chan._n justice_n march_v 14_o 1613_o 59_o rich._n wingfeild_n knight_n and_o marshal_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 60_o arthur_n chichester_n lord_n belfast_n deputy_n july_n  _fw-fr 1614_o 61_o thomas_n jones_n john_n denham_n archbish_a dub._n l._n chan._n knight_z justices_z february_n 11_o 1615_o 62_o oliver_n st._n john_n knight_n deputy_n august_n 30_o 1616_o 63_o adam_n loftus_n k._n visc_n ely_z l._n chan._n justice_n may_v 4_o 1622_o  _fw-fr rich._n wingfeild_n visc_n poyerscourt_n 64_o henry_n carie_n visc_n faulkland_n deputy_n septemb_n 8_o 1622_o 65_o adam_n lâ—ftus_n visc_n ely_z l._n chan._n justice_n october_n 25_o 16â—â—_n 65_o richard_n boyle_n earl_n of_o cork_n l._n treas_z justice_n october_n 25_o 1629_o 66_o tho._n wentworth_n visc_n wentworth_n deputy_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1633_o 67_o adam_n loftus_n char._n wandesford_n visc_n ely_z l._n chan._n esq_n mr._n of_o the_o roll_n justice_n june_n 2_o 1636_o 68_o tho._n wentworth_n visc_n wentworth_n liutenant_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1636_o 69_o robert_n dillon_n char._n wandesford_n lord_n kilkenny_n west_n esq_n mr._n of_o the_o roll_n justice_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1639_o 70_o tho._n wentworth_n earl_n of_o strafford_n lieutenant_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1640_o 71_o char._n wandesford_n master_n of_o the_o roll_n deputy_n april_n 1_o 1640_o 72_o william_n parson_n john_n burlace_n k._n mr._n of_o the_o ward_n k._n mr._n of_o the_o ordnance_n justice_n decemb._n  _fw-fr 1641_o 73_o john_n burlace_n henry_n fichburne_n k._n mr._n of_o the_o ordnance_n k._n gover._n of_o drogheda_n justices_z decemb._n  _fw-fr 1642_o 74_o james_n butler_n earl_n marq._n of_o ormond_n lieutenant_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1643_o  _fw-fr maur._n eustace_n lord_n chancellor_n  _fw-fr decemb_v 31_o  _fw-fr 75_o roger_n earl_n of_o orrery_n justice_n january_n 17_o 1660_o  _fw-fr charles_n earl_n of_o montrath_n  _fw-fr decemb._n 31_o  _fw-fr 76_o james_n d._n mar._n &_o e._n of_o ormond_n lieutenant_n july_n 28_o 1662._o 77_o thomas_n earl_n of_o ossory_n deputy_n may_v 31_o 1663._o 78_o james_n d._n mar._n &_o e._n of_o ormond_n lieutenant_n septemb_n  _fw-fr 1665_o 79_o thomas_n earl_n of_o ossory_n deputy_n april_n 25_o 1668_o 80_o john_n lord_n robert_n lieutenant_n septemb_n 18_o 1669_o 81_o john_n lord_n berkley_n lieutenant_n april_n 21_o 1670_o 82_o michael_n boyle_n arthur_n forbs_n arch._n bish_n dub._n l._n chan._n knight_z justices_z  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1671_o 83_o john_n lord_n berkley_n lieutenant_n septemb_n  _fw-fr 1671_o 84_o henry_n capell_n earl_n of_o essex_n lieutenant_n may_v 21_o 1672_o notwithstanding_o what_o before_o be_v say_v ireland_n the_o great_a power_n and_o train_n of_o the_o vice-roys_n or_o deputy_n of_o ireland_n no_o viceroy_n in_o all_o europe_n have_v great_a power_n or_o come_v near_o the_o majesty_n of_o a_o king_n in_o his_o train_n and_o state_n yet_o it_o be_v think_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o trouble_n this_o shall_v have_v be_v one_o principal_a in_o the_o appoint_v of_o the_o lord_n deputy_n authority_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v more_o ample_a and_o absolute_a than_o it_o be_v and_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v uncontrolled_a power_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o he_o with_o the_o advisement_n of_o the_o council_n shall_v think_v meet_a to_o be_v do_v for_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o council_n here_o to_o direct_v a_o governor_n there_o who_o shall_v be_v force_v oftentimes_o to_o follow_v the_o necessity_n of_o present_a occasion_n and_o to_o take_v the_o sudden_a advantage_n of_o time_n which_o be_v once_o lose_v can_v not_o be_v recover_v whilst_o kingdom_n the_o want_n of_o more_o absolute_a power_n in_o the_o deputy_n of_o of_o ireland_n be_v former_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o
the_o present_a state_n of_o ireland_n together_o with_o some_o remark_n upon_o the_o ancient_a state_n thereof_o likewise_o a_o description_n of_o the_o chief_a town_n with_o a_o map_n of_o the_o kingdom_n london_n print_v by_o m._n d._n for_o chr._n wilkinson_n at_o the_o black-boy_n in_o fleetstreet_n and_o t._n burrell_n at_o the_o golden-ball_n under_o st._n dunstan_n church_n 1673._o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o reader_n much_o can_v be_v expect_v upon_o a_o subject_a of_o this_o nature_n from_o a_o private_a person_n and_o one_o who_o be_v second_v with_o few_o other_o help_v to_o accomplish_v his_o desire_n herein_o than_o to_o consult_v his_o own_o thought_n and_o a_o mall_n number_n of_o book_n that_o lay_v by_o he_o however_o the_o reader_n may_v be_v well_o assure_v there_o be_v nothing_o offer_v here_o to_o his_o consideration_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o present_a or_o ancient_a state_n of_o ireland_n as_o far_o as_o the_o subject_n will_v possible_o admit_v of_o the_o same_o but_o what_o be_v back_v with_o good_a authority_n and_o faithful_o relate_v by_o the_o author_n according_a to_o the_o best_a information_n he_o can_v obtain_v as_o for_o other_o matter_n here_o assay_v by_o way_n of_o conjecture_n the_o author_n well_o hope_v this_o mean_a attempt_n will_v short_o administer_v a_o fit_a occasion_n for_o a_o more_o know_a person_n and_o able_a pen_n to_o render_v the_o world_n more_o ample_a satisfction_n touch_v the_o public_a affair_n and_o state_n of_o that_o kingdom_n wherein_o it_o may_v seem_v strange_a how_o that_o this_o our_o age_n afford_v many_o treatise_n entitle_v the_o present_a state_n of_o enngland_n france_n italy_n holland_n venice_n muscovy_n etc._n etc._n yet_o not_o any_o thing_n of_o that_o nature_n since_o his_o majesty_n happy_a restauration_n have_v be_v hitherto_o present_v to_o public_a view_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o state_n of_o ireland_n though_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a member_n of_o the_o british_a empire_n as_o if_o either_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o nature_n or_o at_o least_o that_o the_o affair_n thereof_o afford_v not_o any_o thing_n worthy_a of_o note_n whereas_o indeed_o the_o continue_a infelicity_n of_o that_o unhappy_a kingdom_n till_o of_o late_a may_v alone_o beside_o many_o other_o remarke_n make_v mention_v of_o in_o this_o ensue_a treatise_n just_o breed_v some_o curiosity_n in_o any_o know_a person_n to_o take_v into_o his_o consideration_n what_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o that_o realm_n whereof_o our_o king_n of_o england_n have_v bear_v the_o title_n of_o sovereign_a lord_n for_o the_o space_n of_o four_o hundred_o and_o odd_a year_n a_o period_n of_o time_n wherein_o divers_a great_a monarchy_n have_v rise_v from_o barbarism_n to_o civility_n and_o fall_v again_o to_o ruin_n be_v not_o in_o all_o that_o space_n of_o time_n thorough_o subdue_v &_o reduce_v to_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n although_o there_o have_v be_v almost_o a_o continual_a war_n between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o irish_a and_o why_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o mere_a irish_a be_v so_o little_o alter_v till_o king_n james_n his_o reign_n since_o the_o day_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o description_n make_v by_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la who_o live_v and_o write_v in_o that_o time_n although_o there_o have_v be_v since_o that_o time_n so_o many_o english_a colony_n plant_v in_o ireland_n as_o that_o if_o the_o people_n have_v be_v number_v by_o the_o poll_n such_o as_o be_v descend_v of_o english_a race_n will_v have_v be_v find_v more_o in_o number_n than_o the_o ancient_a native_n to_o give_v therefore_o a_o brief_a account_n of_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o those_o disorder_n as_o also_o of_o the_o exquisite_a remedy_n apply_v by_o the_o late_a settlement_n of_o ireland_n in_o order_n to_o a_o perfect_a reformation_n of_o the_o same_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a end_n and_o design_n of_o this_o discourse_n wherein_o if_o it_o give_v the_o reader_n any_o competent_a satisfaction_n the_o author_n will_v deem_v himself_o thereby_o well_o reward_v for_o his_o pain_n the_o content_n of_o the_o first_o part._n that_o ireland_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v first_o inhabit_a by_o the_o britain_n page_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v first_o invade_v by_o the_o saxon_a monarch_n p._n 3._o next_o by_o the_o northern_a nation_n about_o the_o year_n 830._o of_o danes_n swede_n and_o norman_n all_o pass_v under_o the_o name_n of_o norwegian_n p._n ib._n and_o last_o of_o all_o by_o the_o english_a in_o k._n henry_n the_o second_o time_n p._n 4._o that_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n by_o the_o english_a ever_o since_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n till_o now_o of_o late_a be_v imperfect_a by_o reason_n of_o two_o great_a defect_n the_o first_o whereof_o consist_v in_o faint_a prosecution_n of_o the_o war_n and_o the_o next_o in_o in_o the_o looseness_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n p._n 6._o of_o the_o faint_a prosecution_n of_o the_o war_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o p._n ib._n that_o notwithstanding_o many_o obstruction_n yet_o the_o first_o english_a adventurer_n during_o the_o first_o forty_o year_n gain_v many_o large_a proportion_n of_o land_n in_o the_o province_n of_o leinster_n munster_n connaght_n and_o ulster_n p._n 8._o that_o the_o english_a be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n necessitate_v to_o maintain_v a_o border_a war_n with_o the_o irish_a whole_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o english_a planter_n the_o english_a plantation_n in_o ireland_n begin_v thereupon_o to_o decay_v p._n 9_o 10_o 11._o that_o morris_n fitz-thomas_n earl_n of_o desmond_n be_v the_o first_o begin_v that_o wicked_a extortion_n of_o coin_n livery_n and_o pay_n in_o k._n edward_n the_o second_o time_n which_o soon_o after_o prove_v the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o all_o the_o english_a colony_n in_o ireland_n except_o those_o few_o within_o the_o pale_a which_o interest_n of_o the_o english_a can_v never_o be_v put_v in_o a_o way_n of_o recovery_n again_o till_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o queen_n eâ—izabeths_n reign_n p._n 12_o 13._o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n of_o desmond_n and_o divers_a other_o grandee_n of_o the_o first_o english_a conqueror_n get_v vast_a estate_n from_o the_o english_a colony_n in_o ireland_n by_o those_o horrible_a oppressjoin_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n etc._n etc._n many_o of_o the_o english_a flee_v into_o england_n and_o the_o rest_n in_o a_o small_a tract_n of_o time_n so_o much_o degenerate_v into_o irish_a manner_n as_o that_o they_o hate_v the_o very_a name_n of_o the_o english_a and_o take_v upon_o they_o irish_a nickname_n p._n 14_o 15._o that_o those_o great_a english_a lord_n the_o better_a to_o maintain_v their_o say_a unlawful_a acquisition_n become_v thereupon_o arch_a enemy_n both_o to_o the_o government_n and_o the_o law_n of_o england_n refuse_v to_o appear_v at_o parliament_n and_o no_o way_n observe_v the_o dictate_v and_o command_v of_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o that_o realm_n p._n 16_o 17._o that_o by_o these_o mean_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o english_a nobility_n and_o gentry_n pass_v afterward_o out_o of_o ireland_n into_o england_n to_o be_v engage_v in_o the_o civil-war_n between_o york_n and_o lancaster_n wherein_o most_o of_o they_o perish_v the_o irish_a become_v victorious_a over_o all_o the_o english_a except_o those_o within_o the_o pale_a without_o blood_n or_o sweat_n p._n 17_o 18._o that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a hindrance_n to_o the_o full_a conquest_n of_o ireland_n that_o the_o first_o english_a conqueror_n do_v not_o equal_o communicate_v the_o english_a law_n to_o the_o irish_a as_o well_o as_o to_o english_a planter_n ib._n that_o by_o mean_n thereof_o the_o english_a conqueror_n maintain_v perpetual_a enmity_n and_o war_n with_o the_o irish_a for_o their_o own_o private_a end_n and_o advantage_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o country_n p._n 19_o that_o this_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n who_o never_o refuse_v to_o communicate_v their_o law_n to_o the_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a people_n they_o conquer_v p._n 20._o and_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n who_o govern_v both_o normand_n and_o the_o english_a under_o one_o law_n p._n 21._o and_o against_o the_o prudent_a course_n edward_n the_o first_o observe_v in_o the_o reduce_n of_o wales_n p._n ib._n that_o the_o next_o error_n in_o the_o civil_a policy_n be_v the_o over_o great_a proportion_n of_o land_n with_o great_a royalty_n and_o liberty_n grant_v to_o the_o first_o english_a adventurer_n in_o ireland_n which_o occasion_v many_o notorious_a inconvenience_n p._n 22._o the_o reason_n why_o such_o vast_a proportion_n of_o land_n be_v give_v to_o the_o first_o adventurer_n in_o ireland_n p._n 30._o the_o manner_n how_o ireland_n be_v divide_v among_o the_o english_a conqueror_n in_o