awaie from his master and was often taken brought to him againe His master to correct his peruerse and froward conditions did manie times shut him as prisoner in some close place of his house and manie times caused him to be chained locked and clogged to staie his running awaie Yet all was in vaine for about the third yeare of hir maiesties reigne for his last farewell to his poore master he ran awaie from him and came to London to séeke his aduentures He was then constreined to seeke what trade he could to liue by and to get meat and drinke for his bellie and clothes for his backe His good hap in the end was to be interteined in place of seruice aboue his desert where he staied not long but shifted himselfe diuerse times from seruice to seruice and from one master to another Now he began to forget his old home his birth his education his parents his friends his owne name and what he was He aspired to greater matters he challenged the name and title of a great gentleman he vanted himselfe to be of kin and alied to noble and worshipfull he left his old name which he did beare and was commonlie called by in his childhood during all the time of his abode in the countrie which was William ap Harrie as the maner in Wales is And bicause he would séeme to be in déed the man which he pretended he tooke vpon him the name of Parrie being the sirname of diuerse gentlemen of great worship and hauiour And bicause his mothers name by hir father a simple priest was Conwaie he pretended kinred to the familie of sir Iohn Conwaie and so thereby made himselfe of kin to Edmund Neuill Being thus set foorth with his new name and new title of gentleman and commended by some of his good fauorers he matched himselfe in mariage with a widow in Southwales who brought him some reasonable portion of wealth She liued with him but a short time and the welth he had with hir lasted not long it was soone consumed with his dissolute 〈◊〉 wastfull maner of life He was then driuen to his woonted shifts his creditors were manie the debt which he owed great he had nothing wherewith to make paiment he was continuallie pursued by sergeants and officers to arrest him he did often by sleights and shifts escape from them In this his néedie and poore estate he sought to repare himselfe againe by a new match in mariage with another widow which before was the wife of one Richard Heiwood This matter was so earnestlie followed by himselfe and so effectuallie commended by his fréends and fauourers that the sillie woman yéelded to take him to husband a match in euerie respect verie vnequall and vnfit Hir wealth and yearelie liuelihood was verie great his poore and base estate worse than nothing he verie yoong she of such age as for yeares she might haue beene his mother When he had thus possessed himselfe of his new wiues wealth he omitted nothing that might serue for a prodigall dissolute and most vngodlie course of life His riot and excesse was vnmeasurable he did most wickedlie defloure his wiues owne daughter and sundrie waies pitifullie abuse the old mother he caried himselfe for his outward port and countenance so long as his old wiues bags lasted in such sort as might well haue sufficed for a man of verie good hauiour and degrée But this lasted not long his proud hart wastfull hand had soone powred out old Heiwoods wealth line 10 He then fell againe to his woonted shifts borowed where he could find anie to lend and ingaged his credit so far as anie would trust him Amongst others he became greatlie indebted to Hugh Hare the gentleman before named Who after long forbearing of his monie sought to recouer it by law For this cause Parrie conceiued great displeasure against him which he pursued with all malice euen to the seeking of his life In this murtherous intent he came in the night time to M. Hares chamber in line 20 the Temple broke open the doore assaulted him and wounded him grieuouslie and so left him in great danger of life For this offense he was apprehended committed to Newgate indicted of burgularie arreigned and found guiltie by a verie substantiall iurie and condemned to be hanged as the law in that case requireth He standing thus conuicted hir maiestie of hir most gratious clemencie and pitifull disposition line 30 tooke compassion vpon him pardoned his offense gaue him his life which by the law due course of iustice he ought then to haue lost After this he taried not long but pretending some causes of discontentment departed the realme and trauelled beyond the seas How he demeaned himselfe there from time to time and with whome he conuersed is partlie in his owne confession touched before This is the man this is his race which he feared should be spotted if he miscaried in the execution of his traitorous enterprise this hath béene the course of his life these are line 40 the great causes of his discontentment And whereas at his arreignement and execution he pretended great care of the disobedient popish subiects of this realme whom he called catholikes and in verie insolent sort séemed to glorie greatlie in the profession of his pretensed catholike religion the whole course and action of his life sheweth plainelie how prophanelie irreligiouslie he did alwaies beare himselfe He vaunted that for these two and twentie yeares past he had béene a catholike and during all line 50 that time neuer receiued the communion yet before he trauelled beyond the seas at three seuerall times within the compasse of these two and twentie years he did voluntarilie take the oth of obedience to the queenes maiestie set downe in the statute made in the first yeare of hir highnesse reigne by which amongst other things he did testifie and declare in his conscience that no forreine prince person prelat state or potentat hath or ought to haue anie iurisdiction power preeminence or authoritie ecclesiasticall line 60 or spirituall within this realme and therfore did vtterlie renounce forsake all forren iurisdictions powers and authorities and did promise to beare faith and true allegiance to the quéenes highnesse hir heires and lawfull successours With what conscience or religion he tooke that oth so often if so be he were then a papist in deed as since the discouerie of his treasons he pretended let his best freends the papists themselues iudge But perhaps it may be said that he repented those his offenses past that since those thrée oths so taken by him he was twise reconciled to the pope and so his conscience cleared and he become a new man and which is more that in the time of his last trauell he cast awaie all his former lewd maners that he changed his degrée and habit and bought or begged the graue title of
came without any performance of that whereabout he was sent But to returne to king Henrie who whilest he remained in Normandie which was a long time after the apprehension of the two foresaid earles vnderstood that his sonne in lawe Henrie the emperour was departed this life at Utregt the 23. of Maie last past Wherevpon he sent for his daughter the empresse to come ouer vnto him into Normandie and hauing set his businesse in order on that side the sea and taken hir with him he returned into England before the feast of S. Michaell where calling a parlement he caused hir by authoritie of the same to be established as his lawfull heire and successor with an article of intaile vpon hir issue if it should please God to send hir any at all At this parlement was Dauid K. of Scotland who succéeded Alexander the fierce Stephan earle of Morton and Bullongne and son of Stephan earle of Blois nephue line 10 to K. Henrie by his sister Adela these two princes chéefelie tooke their oth amongst other to obey the foresaid empresse as touching hir right and lawfull claime to the crowne of England But although Stephan was now the first that was to sweare he became shortlie after the first that brake that oth for his owne preferment ¶ Thus it commeth often to passe that those which receiue the greatest benefits doo oftentimes soonest forget to be thankefull This Stephan latelie before by his vncle K. Henries line 20 meanes had purchased got in marriage the onelie daughter and heire of Eustace earle of Bullongne and so after the decease of his father in lawe became earle there and further had goodlie possessions in England giuen him by the king and yet as farther shall appeare he kept not his oth made with K. Henrie Some write that there rose no small strife betwixt this earle Stephan Robert erle of Glocester in contending which of them should first receiue this oth the one alledging that he was a kings son line 30 the other affirming that he was a kings nephue Shortlie after this parlement was ended K. Henrie held his Christmas at Windsor year 1127 where Thurstan archbishop of Yorke in preiudice of the right of William archbishop of Canturburie would haue set the crowne vpon the kings head at his going to the church but he was put backe with no small reproch and his chapleine whom he appointed to beare his crosse before him at his entrance into the kings chappell was contemptuouslie and violentlie thrust line 40 out of the doores with crosse and all by the fréends of the archbishop of Canturburie In short time this vnseemlie contention betwixt Thurstan and William the two archbishops grew so hot that not onelie both of them but also the bishop of Lincolne went to Rome about the deciding of their strife In this yeare Charles earle of Flanders the successor of earle Baldwin was traitorouslie murthered of his owne people bicause he left no issue behind him to succéed as his heire Lewes the French line 50 king made William the sonne of duke Robert Curthose earle of Flanders as the next cousine in bloud to the same Charles ¶ Truth it is that by his fathers side this William was descended from erle Baldwin surnamed Pius whose daughter Maud being maried vnto William Conqueror bare by him the foresaid Robert Curthose father to this William now aduanced to the gouernment of Flanders but he wanted not aduersaries that were competitors and malignant sutors for that earledome who line 60 sought to preferre themselues and to displace him King Henrie misliking the promotion of the said William although he was his nephue for that he supposed he would seeke to reuenge old displeasures if he might compasse to haue the French kings assistance thought good with the aduice of his councell towithstand the worst Wherevpon he tooke order for the maintenance of the warre abroad and the supplie of souldiers and other things necessarie to be considered of for the suertie of his realme After this bicause he was in despaire to haue issue by his second wife about Whitsuntide he sent ouer his daughter Maud the empresse into Normandie that she might be married vnto Geffrey Plantagenet earle of Aniou and in August after he followed himselfe Now the matter went so forward that the mariage was celebrated betwixt the said earle and empresse vpon the first sundaie in Aprill which fell vpon the third of the moneth and in the 27. of his reigne In the yeare ensuing king Henrie meaning to cause the French king to withdrawe his helping hand from his nephue William earle of Flanders passed foorth of Normandie with an armie and inuading France remained for the space of eight daies at Hipard in as good quiet as if he had béene within his owne dominions and finallie obteined that of the French king which he sought for namelie his refusall to aid his nephue the said earle of Flanders Who at length contending with other that claimed the earledome chanced this yeare to be wounded as he pursued his enimies vnto the walles of a towne called Alhust and soone after died of the hurt the 16. of August ¶ It was thought that the great felicitie of king Henrie was the chiefe occasion of this earles death who meant if he might haue brought his purpose to passe and be once quietlie set in the dominion of Flanders to haue attempted some great enterprise against king Henrie for the recouerie of Normandie and deliuerie of his father out of prison Which was knowen well inough to king Henrie who mainteined those that made him warre at home both with men and monie namelie William of Hypres who tooke vpon him as regent in the name of Stephan earle of Bullongne whome king Henrie procured to make claime to Flanders also in the title of his grandmother queene Maud wife to William Conqueror But to procéed with our historie When king Henrie had sped his businesse in Normandie where he had remained a certeine space both about the conclusion and solemnizing of the mariage made betwixt his daughter Maud the empresse and the earle of Aniou and also to see the end of the wars in Flanders he now returned into England where he called a great councell or parlement at London in August wherein amongst other things it was decreed that préests which liued vnchastlie should be punished and that by the kings permission who hereby tooke occasion to serue his owne turne for he regarded not the reformation which the bishops trusted by his plaine dealing would haue followed but put those préests to their fines that were accused and suffered them to kéepe their wiues still in house with them which offended the bishops greatlie who would haue had them sequestred asunder After this parlement ended the king kept his Christmasse at Worcester and his Eastermasse following at Woodstocke where a certeine Noble man
to assemble at Milford hauen in Penbrokshire with all such prouision and furniture as was thought necessarie for such a iournie Herewith also he leuied a great armie both of horssemen and footmen and came forward with the same vnto Penbroke and so when all his prouision and ships were readie he entred the sea at Milford hauen aforesaid the sixtéenth daie of October and landed in Ireland at a place called Crowch not past seauen miles from Waterford the day next folowing about nine of the clocke and on the morrow after being S. Luke the euangelists day he with all his armie marched foorth to Waterford where he found William Fitz Aldelme his sewer and Robert Fitz Bernard with other whome he had sent thither before him for such purposes as he thought most conuenient He remained at Waterford fiftéene daies during which time there came in vnto him the king of Corke the king of Limerike the king of Ossorie the king of Méeth Reignald de Waterford and diuerse other great princes of Ireland At his first arriuall the foresaid earle Richard surrendred into his hands all those townes and places which he had subdued in that countrie Herewithall the whole land began to tremble so that the rulers of townes and countries sent vnto him messengers offering to become tributaries and to deliuer hostages for whilest euerie of those rulers which had the gouernment of Ireland in their hands feared their owne estate and mistrusted their owne powers they all in maner submitted themselues so that this victorie chanced to king Henrie without the drawing foorth of his sword and in such wise that he could not haue wished for better or more speedie successe therein For whereas the whole Iland was diuided into sundrie dominions and ruled by sundrie gouernours not drawing all one waie but through factions and contrarie studies one enuieng an others wealth for Non bene cum socijs regna venúsque manent Socijsque comes discordia regnis nothing more hindred the fierce and vnquiet nation from making resistance than in that they could not agrée to take councell togither for defending of their liberties and entier state of the commonwelth Whervpon whilest euerie of them apart by himselfe was in doubt to attempt the hazard of war against so mightie a king they were all ouercome as were the Britons likewise in the time of Cesar and the Saxons King Henrie therefore gladlie receiued their humble submission and they dooing homage vnto him sware to be his liege and faithfull subiects Onelie Roderike gouernour of Connagh refused to submit himselfe This Roderike pretended to be the chéefe king of Ireland and therefore kept continuall war with the other rulers which was partlie the cause wherefore they submitted themselues so soone vnto king Henrie The said Roderike held that part of Ireland which lieth toward the west being full of great and thicke woods and defended with verie high great mountaines closed also with waters and marishes so that it should be verie hard and speciallie in the winter season to bring an armie vnto it which was the onelie cause whie king Henrie attempted nothing against Roderike at that time but tooke in hand to plant garisons of souldiers in places conuenient to kéepe the land in quiet which he had woone alreadie and to giue order for the gouernement of the whole estate of the countrie to his behoofe and commoditie Hervpon going to Dublin which is the cheefest citie of all Ireland he assembled all the rulers and lords as well spirituall as temporall togither in councell consulting with them for the assurance of the dominion of the land to him and his heires for euermore The Irish men alleged for themselues that his deuise therin could not be compassed vnles the popes authoritie were therein first obteined for they affirmed that immediatlie vpon receiuing the christian faith they did submit themselues all that they had vnto the see of Rome so that they could not acknowledge line 10 any for their souereigne lord but onelie the pope Which opinion some of them although vainelie haue holden vnto these our daies King Henrie then vnderstanding this matter dispatched ambassadours to Rome requiring of pope Alexander that he would by his authoritie grant him licence to ioine the countrie of Ireland vnto the realme of England who went thither with all expedition according to their charge And certeinelie these ambassadors whom the king line 20 sent now out of Ireland to Rome in this behalfe returned with better spéed in their message than did the other whom he had sent to him out of Normandie to excuse him of the death of the archbishop Thomas For the pope vpon good aduice taken in this matter considering that he had now no profit growing to him by that I le and that the Irish people being wild and rude were far off from all good order of christianitie in diuerse points thought it would be a meane to bring some gaine to his cofers and the people line 30 more easilie from their naughtie customes if they were once made subiect vnto some christian prince of puissance able to tame them and constreine them by force to be more meeke and tractable In consideration wherof he was content to grant vnto the king all that herein he required Herevpon king Henrie considering in what respect the pope was so readie to accomplish his request called a councell of the bishops to assemble at Cassill where manie things were decréed and ordeined for the reforming of diuerse customes vsed before line 40 amongst the Irish men and méerelie repugnant to the lawes of the christian religion There were also appointed as solicitors in these matters and to sit as assistants with the Irish bishops one of the kings chaplaines named Nicholas and one Rafe the archdeacon of Landaf 1 Amongst other things there concluded it was ordeined that children shuld be brought to the church there to receiue baptisme in faire water with thrée line 50 dippings into the same in the name of the father the sonne and the Holie-ghost and that by the préests hands except in case where danger of death was feared which then might be doone by any other person and in any other place 2 Also it was ordeined that tithes should be paid to churches and that such laie men as would kéepe wiues should keepe them according to the lawes of holie church and not otherwise 3 The Peter pence also that Adrian reserued in line 60 his buls sent to the king touching the same matter in the beginning of his reigne with diuerse other things were in like maner appointed to be paid so that nothing was omitted that might pleasure the pope or recouer his gratious fauour alreadie lost in the matters of Thomas Becket whereof you haue alreadie heard Thus you heare what successe our ambassadours had in this voiage ¶ Now will I tell you yer I procéed any further what strange things
remanet chyrographata Item aliam quae sic incipit Ad omnium vestrum notitiam volumus peruenire Cùm vt ex forma praecedentium nostrarum pateat obligationum subiecimus nos iurisdictioni vestrae vt nos haeredes nostros per censuram ecclesiasticam possitis coërcere si aliquo tempore contra memoratam pacem venerimus Et si nonnunquam continget quòd quidam nostrum omnes vel vnus contrauenire temerè praesumpserint line 50 vel praesumere nituntur vel nitentur ex hoc tam animabus nostris quà m haeredum nostrorum graue possit generari periculum corporibus nostris rebus non minimum immineret detrimentum sanctae paternitati vestrae supplicamus quatenus alicui suffraganeorum archiepiscopi Cantuariensis detis in mandatis vt nos haeredes nostros ad praefatae pacis obseruationem compellat prout in instrumentis inde confectis pleniùs line 60 continetur Aliàs super eadem pace quod canonicum fuerit anctoritate vestra statuat contradictores c. Et ad istius petitionis nostrae consummationem praesenti scripto sigilla nostra apposuimus In English thus TO our holie father in Christ I. by the grace of God the highest bishop Alexander by the same grace king of Scotland earle Patrike the earle of Stratherne the earle of Leuenox the earle of Angus the earle of Mar the earle of Athole the earle of Ros the earle of Catnesse the earle of Buch Roger de Mowbray Laurence de Abirnethie Peter de Mauuere Richard Cumin William de Veipont Robert de Bruis Roger Auenel Nicholas de Sulley William de Murray de Dunfel William de Murray de Petin Iohn Biset the yoonger William de Lindesey Iohn de Valeis Dauid de Lindesey William Gifford Duncan de Ergile Iohn de Matreuers Eimere his sonne Roger earle of Winchester Hugh earle of Oxford William de Vescy Richard Siward William de Ros Roger de Clere Henrie Fitz conte de Brettere Eustace de Stouteuille earle Malcolme of Fife the erle of Mentethshire Walter Fitz Alaine Walter Olifard Barnard Fraser Henrie de Baillioll Dauid Cumin Dauid Mareschall Dauid Fitz Randulfe William de Fortere Iohn de Bailioll and Robert Ros send greeting and due reuerence with all honour We doo signifie vnto your holinesse that we haue receiued a corporall oth before the reuerend father Otho deacon cardinall of S. Nicholas In carcere Tulliano legat to the see apostolike in England Scotland and Ireland and haue made our charter or deed which beginneth thus Sciant praesentes c. Which charter or deed indented and sealed remaineth with the king of England and with vs. Also another deed or writing that beginneth thus Ad omnium vestrum notitiam volumus peruenire Whereas therefore by the forme of our precedent deeds obligatorie we haue submitted our selues to your iurisdiction that you may bridle and restraine vs and our heires by the ecclesiasticall censures if at any time we go against the said peace And if it happen at any time that any of vs all or one of vs shall fortune to presume rashlie and vnaduisedlie to go against it or be about or hereafter shall be about so to presume and therby may procure great perill as well to the soules of our owne selues as of our heires no small danger may also be readie through the same our default to light vpon our bodies goods we beseech your holie fatherhood that you will giue in commandement vnto some of the suffragans of the archbishop of Canturburie that he doo compell vs and our heires vnto the obseruing of the same peace accordinglie as in the instruments thereof more fullie is conteined or else to order by your authoritie vpon the same peace that which shall be agreeable to the canons c. And to the performance of this our petition we haue to this present writing set our seales When all things were throughlie concluded and order taken in what sort the assurances of this accord should passe the king of Scots returned into the inner parts of his realme and the king of England likewise returned to London At the same time also the Welshmen were verie busie for hearing that the kings of England and Scotland were agreed they doubted least all the burthen of the warre would be turned against them Wherefore as it were to preuent the matter they began to wast the English confines The king aduertised thereof sent Hubert Fitz Matthew with thrée hundreth knights or men of armes to defend the English marshes against the Welshmen that made dailie war against those that dwelled on the marshes and namelie against the erle of Herford which chéeflie occasioned this warre by deteining the land which apperteined vnto the wife of prince Dauid as in the right of hir purpartie Wherevpon when the Welshmen vnderstood that the king had broken vp his armie and was returned to London they inuaded their enimies namelie the said earle of Herfords men and the Mortimers sleaing and cutting in péeces two valiant and noble line 10 knights and maiming the third they slue and ouerthrew of the footbands about an hundred so that all the English armie was disordered and the Welshmen with victorie returned to their places of refuge Which when the foresaid Hubert Fitz Matthew vnderstood the morrow after he made foorth with his thrée hundred waged men of armes in hope to hem in and take the Welshmen at aduantage but he was preuented and by them distressed in so much that he was constreined with losse of men and horsses to line 20 returne to his holds and scarse could be suffered to remaine there in safetie This yeare Rafe Neuill bishop of Cicester and chancellour of England departed this life In the 29 yeare of his reigne king Henrie hauing spent much treasure with the great preparation of wars which he had taken in hand against the Scots and also bicause he was constreined to be at further charges for the Welsh wars he called a parlement to begin on the third daie of Nouember in the which line 30 he demanded a great reliefe of monie but the same being generallie denied of all men he exacted it in particular of the richer sort of his subiects amongst other he caused the citizens of London to giue vnto him 15 hundred marks for a fine bicause they had receiued a banished man one Walter Bukerell into their citie contrarie to the law and order but this they denied affirming that his brother had got his pardon as by the kings owne letters patents they could prooue but they were answered that the king line 40 was vnder age when these letters were purchased and therefore were of none effect About the same time sir Nicholas de Molis or Mules seneshall of Gascoigne hauing warres against the king of Nauarre got the victorie in battell ¶ About the midst of Nouember great thunder and lightning chanced with a maruellous vntemperat
whereby any hurt might insue either to the king or to the realme ¶ Thus haue we thought good to shew the cause of this earles death as by some writers it hath béene registred although there be that write that the ouerthrow at Beighland chanced through his fault by misleading a great part of the kings host and that therefore the king being offended with him caused him to be put to death albeit as I thinke no such matter was alleged against him at the time of his arreignement About this season was the foundation begun of S. Michaels colledge in Cambridge by one sir Henrie Stanton knight chancellour of the excheker About the feast of the Ascension there came as commissioners from the king of England vnto Newcastell Aimerie earle of Penbroke and the lord chamberlaine Hugh Spenser the yoonger and other foure personages of good accompt And from the king of Scots there came the bishop of saint Andrews Thomas Randulfe earle of Murrey and other foure of good credit to treat of peace or at the leastwise of some long truce and through the good will and pleasure of God the author of all peace and quietnesse they concluded vpon a truce to indure for thirteene yeares and so about the feast of saint Barnabe the apostle it was proclaimed in both realmes but yet so that they might not traffike togither bicause of the excommunication wherewith the Scots were as yet intangled although as some write about the same time the interdict wherein the realme of Scotland stood bound was by pope Iohn released The French K. being latelie come to the crowne sent certeine ambassadors vnto king Edward to wit the lord Beouille and one Andreas de Florentia a notarie to giue summons vnto him from the French king to come and doo homage for the lands which he held in France as for the duchie of Aquitaine and the countie of Pontieu And though the lord chamberleine Hugh Spenser the sonne and the lord chancellour Robert Baldocke did what they could to procure these ambassadors not to declare the cause of their comming to the king yet when they should depart they admonished the king to come and doo his homage vnto the French king and vpon this admonition the said Andreas framed a publike instrument by vertue whereof the French king made processe against the king of England and â—eized into his hands diuerse townes and castels in Aquitaine alledging that he did it for the contumacie shewed by the king of England in refusing to come to doo his homage being lawfullie summoned although the king was throughlie informed that the summons was neither lawfull nor touched him anie thing at all About the same time the lord Roger Mortimer of Wigmor giuing his kéepers a drinke that brought them into a sound and heauie sléepe escaped out of the tower of London where he was prisoner This escape of the lord Mortimer greatlie troubled the king so that immediatlie vpon the first news he wrote to all the shiriffes of the realme that if he chanced to come within their roomes they should cause hue and crie to be raised so as he might be staied and arrested but he made such shift that he got ouer into France where he was receiued by a lord of Picardie named monsier Iohn de Fieules who had faire lands in England and therefore the king wrote to him reprouing him of vnthankfulnesse considering he had beene euer readie to pleasure him and to aduance his profits and commodities and yet notwithstanding he did succour the said lord Mortimer and other rebels that were fled out of his realme In Lent this yeare a parlement was holden at London in the which diuerse things were intreated amongst other the cheefest was to determine for the sending of some honorable ambassage to the French king to excuse the king for not comming to him to doo his homage according to the pretended summons line 10 ¶ In the same parlement Adam bishop of Hereford was arrested and examined vpon points of treason for aiding succouring and mainteining the Mortimers and other of the rebels This bishop was reckoned to be wise subtill and learned but otherwise wilfull presumptuous and giuen to mainteine factions At the first he disdeined to make anie answer at all and finallie when he was in manner forced thereto he flatlie told the king that he might not make any answere to such matters as he was charged with except by the licence and consent of his line 20 metropolitane the archbishop of Canturburie and other his péeres Héerevpon the said archbishop and other bishops made such sute that he was committed to the kéeping of the said archbishop with him to remaine till the king had taken order for his further answer Within few daies after when the king called him againe before his presence to make answere to the matters laid against him the archbishops of Canturburie line 30 Yorke Dublin and ten other bishops came with their crosses afore them and vnder a colour of the priuilege and liberties of the church tooke him awaie before he had made anie answere forbidding all men on paine of excommunication to laie anie hands vpon him The king greatlie offended with this bold procéeding of the prelats caused yet an inquest to be impauelled to inquire of the bishop of Herefords treasons and vpon the finding of him giltie he seized into his hands all the temporalties line 40 that belonged to his bishoprike and spoiled his manours and houses most violentlie in reuenge of his disloiall dealings Moreouer in this parlement the lands and possessions that belonged sometime to the Templers and had beene deliuered vnto the knights Hospitalers otherwise called knights of the Rodes by the king in the seauenth yeare of his reigne according to the decrée of the councell of Uienna were by authoritie of this parlement assured vnto the said knights to enioy line 50 to them and their successors for euer Also it was concluded that the earle of Kent and the archbishop of Dubline should go ouer as ambassadours into France to excuse the king for his not comming in person to the French king to doo his homage for the lands he held in France Moreouer in the same parlement the king granted that all the dead bodies of his enimies and rebels that had suffered and hanged still on the gallowes should be taken downe and buried in the churchyards next to the places where line 60 the same bodies were hanging and not elsewhere by such as would take paine to burie them as by his writs directed vnto the shiriffes of London and of the counties of Middlesex Kent Glocester Yorke and Buckingham it appeared And not onelie this libertie was granted at that time for the taking down of those bodies but as some write it was decréed by authoritie in the same parlement that the bodies of all those that from thenceforth should be hanged
Notingham and Stafford to the baron of Graistocke and to the Musgraues Lastlie they came to Carleill and boldlie assalted the citie but sir Lewes Clifford and sir Thomas Musgraue Dauie Holgraue and diuerse other worthie capteins being within it so defended the waues and gates that their enimies got small aduantage and finallie hearing that the English armie was returning homewards the Scots and Frenchmen drew backe into Scotland doubting to be inclosed by the Englishmen as they had béene in deed if the duke of Lancaster and his brethren vncles to the king might haue béene beleeued who counselled the king to pursue the enimies and stop the passages through which they must needs passe in their comming backe But the earle of Oxenford being most in fauour and credit with the king in those daies as one that ruled all things at his pleasure did aduise him to the contrarie by putting him in beléefe as was said that his vncles went about to bring him in danger to be lost and surprised of his enimies wherevpon he tooke the next way home and so brake vp his iournie When the Scots and Frenchmen were returned into Scotland the Scotish king hauing conceiued a iust displeasure towards the French admerall for that by his meanes the realme of Scotland had susteined such damage in that season caused him and his Frenchmen to be despoiled of the most part of their goods and sent them so awaie out of his countrie that the Scots might receiue some comfort by those warres In this yeare was the battell of Algeberota in Portingale where king Iohn of Portingale discomfited a great host of Spaniards and Frenchmen by the helpe and policie of certeine Englishmen which he had there with him vnder the leading of two esquiers Norberie and Hartell There were slaine diuers earls great lords of Spaniards but for that our writers do not rightlie note the Spanish names but write them corruptlie as strangers vse to doo we here omit them The king of Portingale after this victorie obteined against his enimies sent six gallies vnto the king of England to aid line 10 him against his aduersaries the which were well receiued and highlie made of by the Londoners and other so that the Portingales had no cause to repent of their comming hither The French king this yeare besieged and wan the towne of Dam after he had béene at great charges about it Whilest his nauie returned from Scluis where the same had laien at anchor a long time the ships by tempest were scattered wether-driuen so that in the feast daie of the exaltation of the crosse line 20 two of their gallies a great ship a barge and seauen balengers were cast on shore about Calis the Calisians tooke fiue hundred Frenchmen and Normans that escaped to land An other day 72 French ships as they were comming from Scluis to passe by Calis were met with by them of Calis who behaued themselues so manfullie that they tooke 18 of those French ships and a great barke in which thrée score armed men were slaine before it could be taken Within three daies after this the Calisians met 45 line 30 other French ships and after six houres fight obteined the victorie taking thrée of the most principall vessels whereof one being a hulke of Eastland was hired by the Normans to gard the residue The other two that were taken were of such mold that they could not enter into the hauen at Calis and therefore were sent to Sandwich the one of them being a new ship which the lord Clisson had bought at Scluis paieng for hir 3000 franks ¶ Henrie Knighton saith it was prised or valued at 20000 florens it line 40 was so tall big and large a vessell and therefore of great capacitie On saint Denise daie the soldiors of Calis and other English fortresses thereabouts made a secret iournie into France and got a bootie of foure thousand shéepe and three hundred head of great cattell which they droue towards their holds and as the lord de Rambures gouernour of Bullongne would haue recouered the preie he was vnhorssed with the rencounter of an English speare and being relieued by line 50 his companie and mounted againe withdrew himselfe not attempting to trie any further masteries and so the Englishmen safelie passed foorth with their bootie of cattell and aboue a hundred good prisoners which they had taken at this rode In this 9 yeare about the feast of S. Martine the king called his high court of parlement at Westminster in the which amongst other things there concluded he created two dukes a marques and fiue earles First Edmund Langlie earle of Cambridge the kings vncle was line 60 created duke of Yorke Thomas of Woodstoke his other vncle earle of Buckingham was created duke of Glocester Robert Uéere earle of Oxford was made marques of Deuelin Henrie of Bollingbrooke sonne and heire to Iohn of Gaunt duke of Lancaster was created earle of Derbie Edward Plantagenet sonne and heire to the Duke of Yorke was made earle of Rutland Michaell lord de la Poole chancellor of England was created earle of Suffolke sir Thomas Moubraie earle of Notingham was made earle marshall Also by authoritie of this parlement Roger lord Mortimer earle of March sonne and heire of Edmund Mortimer earle of March and of the ladie Philip eldest daughter and heire vnto Lionell duke of Clarence third sonne to king Edward the third was established heire apparant to the crowne of this realme and shortlie after so proclaimed The which earle of March anon after the end of the same parlement sailed into Ireland to his lordship of Ulster whereof he was owner by right of his said mother but whilest he remained there to pacifie the rebellions of the wild Irish a great number of them togither assembled came vpon him and slue him togither with the most part of his companie This Roger earle of March had issue Edmund Roger Anne Ales Eleanor which Eleanor was made a nunne The two sonnes died without issue and Anne the eldest of the daughters was married to Richard earle of Cambridge sonne vnto Edmund of Langlie before remembred the which Richard had issue by the said Anne a son called Richard that was after duke of Yorke and father to king Edward the fourth also a daughter named Isabell afterwards married to the lord Bourcher This Richard earle of Cambridge was put to death by Henrie the fift as after ye shall heare Moreouer in this yeare Henrie of Bollingbrooke earle of Derbie married the daughter and heire of Humfrie Bohun earle of Hereford in whose right he was after made duke of Hereford and by hir he had issue Henrie that after him was king of this relme the ladie Blanch duches of Bar and the ladie Philip married to the king of Denmarke also Thomas duke of Clarence Iohn duke of Bedford and Humfrie duke of Glocester ¶
si fuerit faciendum line 40 Qui inde postea nihil facere voluerunt aut non curauerunt toto festo coronationis praedictae nec postea in congregationibus Per quod postea dominus Iohannes de Hastings fâ—cit petitiones suas domino regi concilio suo quòd feodum suum mapparum praedictarum ei deliberaretur pro vt ei de iure fuerit deliberandum Et quòd fecit seruâ—tium suum debito modo prout antecessor suus fecit longo tempore Henrici regis quando habuit feodum suum tempore quaÌ„do desponsauit Elionaram line 50 filiam comitis Prouinciae tanquam pertinens ad manerium suum de Asheley in comitatu North. pro vt patet in Memorandum ipsius regis in camero suo de scaccario diuersis locis in istis verbis * Williame de Hastinges tient demye fee de chiualer in Asheley du roy a fayre le seruice per seriante deestree panetre le roye which is found in the fourth leafe of Chester beginning Le counte Roger le Bigot in the title of â—schetes of seriantie in the countie of Northfolke line 60 Touching which it is thus further found in the same place * Henrie de Hastings tient en Asheley du roye per sâ—â—giante de la panetre fo Syesme * Henrie de Hastings tient vn seriante de la panetre le roy en Asheley vautâ— per an â— sol fol. 9. * Williame de Hastings tient vn fee de chiualer en Asheley sertante deestree despenser en le despons le roy fo 4. * Henrie de Hastings tient vn terr en la ville de Asheley per le seruice deestree le despensâ—â— Which petitions and all other petitions for his part of his land in the kings hands by the censure made in the time of Henrie the 3 the said Iohn Hastings lord of Aburgauennie did pursue from parlement to â—arlement vntill the parlement holden at Yorke aâ—ter Michaelmas where supplication was made to the king by him and others that he might remaine with the king in Gascoigne as his steward or marshall which if he would performe all his forsaid petitions and all other petitions which were reasonable should be granted vnto him By occasion whereof he granted vnto the kings and the nobles request so that the king would find him pledges due therefore and that he might obteine iustice in his inheritances and those his lawfull sutes which had beene hitherto denied vnto him which thing the king faithfullie promised in euerie respect to be performed towards him wherevpon he sailed into Gascoigne in the yeare of Christ 1302 being the 31 of Edward the firsâ— the wednesdaie after the feast of S. Lucie But for this faire shew it séemeth he sped neuer the better for which cause not being restored in the 34 yeare of Edward the first he pursued his sute afresh and had from the king at Yorke this definitiue sentence deliuered by the mouth of Walter Langhton then the kings treasuror as I find by such notes as I haue séene that he should séeke the records of the chancerie and bring them to the next parlement which the said Iohn did At what time he brought foorth the former grant of Henrie the third of the said lands giuen in recompense of his part of the earledome of Chester After which yet it was agréed by the king and his councell for diuerse considerations and mostlie as I suppose because he had refused to serue in Gascoigne and onelie went as it were inforced notwithstanding all that the said Iohn could alledge that he should take nothing for his petition but further to be in the kings mercie for his false claime the whole processe whereof I haue seene in an ancient written monument of French All which as I gather was done in the life of Edward the first notwithstanding that I haue a little vnorderlie before treated of the executing of his office of the pantrie at the coronation of Edward the second sonne to Edward the first as may be confirmed by Piers Longtoft in these verses Et pour peril escheuer toutz apres promist Ke Iean de Hastin cheualier e lit Emerie de la Bret barone ne pas petit Alanâ— in Gascoigne touz sans contredit Pour la terme attendue del trevis auant dit This Iohn married two wiues both called Isabell whereof the first was Isabell de Ualence one of the daughters and heirs of William Ualence earle of Penbroke lord of Aburgauennie but how the said Wil. Ualence came to the honor of Aburgauennie since William Cantelupe before named was once lord thereof and much about that time I can not yet certeinlie learne But yet I following good authoritie haue set downe this Ualence to be lord of Aburgauennie that he gaue the same to one Iohn Hastings which must néeds be this man marieng his daughter The other wife of this Iohn Hastings was Isabell the daughter of Hugh Spenser earle of Winchester By his first wife he had six children to wit Iohn Hastings his heire William Hastings that maried Elianor the daughter of sir William Martin which died without heires Henrie Hastings that was a clerke and Elizabeth Hastings maried to Roger Greie lord of Ruthine sonne of sir Iohn Greie of whom is descended Henrie earle of Kent now liuing Ione maried to Edmund Mortimer by whom she had no issue being after maried to William de Huntingfield by whom she had Roger de Huntingfield and Margaret Hastings maried to William the sonne of William Martin lord of Keminies ' By Isabell Spenser his second wife he had thrée children to wit Hugh Hastings lord of Folliot of whom shall be more intreated when we come to the last Iohn Hastings erle of Penbroke slaine at tilt as before Thomas Hastings and Pelagia de Huntington His first wife Isabell Ualence died 1305 being the 31 of Edward the first and was buried at the frier minors in Couentrie His second wife ouerliuing hir husband was after maried to sir Rafe Monthermer for which mariage the said Rafe was fined by Edward the second at a thousand marks as appeareth in the rols of the chancerie line 10 of 13 of Edward the second she died the 9 of Edward the third was buried in the frier minors of Salisburie This Iohn Hastings departed this life 1313 the sixt yeare of the reigne of Edward the second Iohn Hastings lord Hastings and Aburgauennie was borne in the fiftéenth yeare of Edward the first in the yeare of Christ 1287. For at the death of his father which happened as before in the sixt yeare of Edward the second he was found to be of the age of line 20 six twentie years which if it be added to the yeare of our Lord 1287 make vp the full number of 1313 in which his father died This man in the eight yeare of Edward the second at the parlement holden at London in the Carmelite friers bâ—ing about
and yet the lord Scroope that was lord chamberleine had allowed for the earles diet foure thousand nobles yéerelie paid out of the kings coffers On the mondaie next after the arreignement of the earle of Warwike to wit the foure and twentie of September was the lord Iohn Cobham and sir Iohn Cheinie arreigned and found guiltie of like treasons for which the other had beene condemned before but at the earnest instance and sute of the nobles they were pardoned of life and banished or as Fabian saith condemned to perpetuall prison ¶ The king desirous to see the force of the Londoners caused them during the time of this parlement to muster before him on Blacke heath where a man might haue seene a great number of able personages And now after that the parlement had continued almost till Christmasse it was adiourned vntil the quinden of S. Hilarie then to begin againe at Shrewesburie The king then came downe to Lichfield and there held a roiall Christmasse which being ended he tooke his iournie towards Shrewesburie where the parlement was appointed to begin in the quinden of saint Hilarie as before yée haue heard year 1398 In which parlement there holden vpon prorogation for the loue that the king bare to the gentlemen and commons of the shire of Chester he caused it to be ordeined that from thencefoorth it should be called and knowne by the name of the principalitie of Chester and herewith he intituled himselfe prince of Chester He held also a roiall feast kéeping open houshold for all honest commers during the which feast he created fiue dukes and a duchesse a marquesse and foure earles The earle of Derbie was created duke of Hereford the earle of Notingham that was also earle marshall duke of Norfolke the earle of Rutland duke of Aubemarle the earle of Kent duke of Surrie and the earle of Huntington duke of Excester the ladie Margaret marshall countesse of Norfolke was created duchesse of Norfolke the earle of Summerset marques Dorset the lord Spenser earle of Glocester the lord Neuill surnamed Daurabie earle of Westmerland the lord William Scroope lord chamberleine earle of Wiltshire and the lord Thomas Persie lord steward of the kings house earle of Worcester And for the better maintenance of the estate of these noble men whome he had thus aduanced to higher degrees of honour he gaue vnto them a great part of those lands that belonged to the duke of Glocester the earles of Warwike and Arundell And now he was in good hope that he had rooted vp all plants of treason and therefore cared lesse who might be his freend or his fo than before he had doone estéeming himselfe higher in degrée than anie prince liuing and so presumed further than euer his grandfather did and tooke vpon him to beare the armes of saint Edward ioining them vnto his owne armes To conclude what soeuer he then did none durst speake a word contrarie therevnto And yet such as were cheefe of his councell were estéemed of the commons to be the woorst creatures that might be as the dukes of Aumarle Norfolke and Excester the earle of Wiltshire sir Iohn Bushie sir William Bagot and sir Thomas Gréene which thrée last remembred were knights of the Bath against whom the commons vndoubtedlie bare great and priuie hatred But now to proceed In this parlement holden at Shrewsburie the lord Reginald Cobham being a verie aged man simple and vpright in all his dealings was condemned for none other cause but for that in the eleuenth yéere of the kings reigne he was line 10 appointed with other to be attendant about the king as one of his gouernours The acts and ordinances also deuised and established in the parlement holden in the eleuenth yeare were likewise repealed Moreouer in this parlement at Shrewesburie it was decréed that the lord Iohn Cobham should be sent into the I le of Gernesie there to remaine in exile hauing a small portion assigned him to liue vpon The king so wrought brought things about that he obteined the whole power of both houses to be granted to certeine line 20 persons as to Iohn duke of Lancaster Edmund duke of Yorke Edmund duke of Aumarle Thomas duke of Surrie Iohn duke of Excester Iohn marquesse Dorset Roger earle of March Iohn earle of Salisburie and Henrie earle of Northumberland Thomas earle of Glocester and William earle of Wiltshire Iohn Hussie Henrie Cheimeswike Robert Teie and Iohn Goulofer knights or to seauen or eight of them These were appointed to heare and determine certeine petitions and matters line 30 yet depending and not ended but by vertue of this grant they procéeded to conclude vpon other things which generallie touched the knowledge of the whole parlement in derogation of the states therof to the disaduantage of the king and perillous example in time to come When the king had spent much monie in time of this parlement he demanded a disme and a halfe of the clergie and a fiftéenth of the temporaltie Finallie line 40 a generall pardon was granted for all offenses to all the kings subiects fiftie onelie excepted whose names he would not by anie meanes expresse but reserued them to his owne knowledge that when anie of the nobilitie offended him he might at his plesure name him to be one of the number excepted and so kéepe them still within his danger To the end that the ordinances iudgements and acts made pronounced and established in this parlement might be and abide in perpetuall strength and force the king line 50 purchased the popes buls in which were conteined greeuous censures and cursses pronounced against all such as did by anie means go about to breake and violate the statutes in the same parlement ordeined These buls were openlie published read at Paules crosse in London and in other the most publike places of the realme Manie other things were doone in this parlement to the displeasure of no small number of people namelie for that diuerse rightfull heires were disherited line 60 of their lands and liuings by authoritie of the same parlement with which wrongfull dooings the people were much offended so that the king and those that were about him and chéefe in councell came into great infamie and slander In déed the king after he had dispatched the duke of Glocester and the other noblemen was not a little glad for that he knew them still readie to disappoint him in all his purposes and therefore being now as it were carelesse did not behaue himselfe as some haue written in such discréet order as manie wished but rather as in time of prosperitie it often happeneth he forgot himselfe and began to rule by will more than by reason threatning death to each one that obâ—ied not his inordinate desires By means whereof the lords of the realme began to feare their owne estates being in danger of his furious outrage whome they tooke for a man
for their good wils that the archbishop at length to pleasure him calling the cleargie togither got a grant of a tenth towards the kings necessarie charges The Britaine 's vnder the conduct of the lord of Cassils spoiled and burnt the towne of Plimmouth and returned without receiuing anie damage but immediatlie therevpon the westerne men manning foorth a fléet vnder the gouernement of one line 50 William Wilford esquier made saile ouer to the coasts of Britaine where they tooke aboue fortie ships laden with oile sope and Rochell wine to the quantitie of a thousand tunne or much thereabouts In returning homewards they burnt fortie other vessels and landing at Pennarch they burnt townes and villages six leagues within the countrie togither with the towne of saint Matthew and all the buildings there thrée leagues round about the same towne About the feast of All saints a parlement began line 60 at Couentrie and continued there till saint Andrewes tide but at length bicause vittels waxed déere and lodging was streict it was adiorned from thence vnto London there to begin againe in the octaues of the Epiphanie The same time a pardon was granted and proclamed for all such as had taken part with the Persies against the king and likewise for other offendors those excepted that had consented to betraie Calis whom the king sent thither to suffer for their offenses A little before Christmas the Frenchmen meant to haue robbed and spoiled the I le of Wight but when a thousand of them were set on land and had got togither a great bootie of cattell suddenlie there came vpon them such number of people that they were constreined to withdraw to their ships leauing their preie behind them and no small number of their men to paie for their shot so that they wan little by that iournie returning home with shame and dishonor This yeare in the parlement holden at London beginning the morow after the feast of saint Hilarie year 1404 and continuing twelue wéeks the earle of Northumberland was restored vnto his former dignities lands and goods the I le of Man onlie excepted which by reason of the forfeiture made by the earle of Salisburie the king had first giuen vnto him and now depriued him thereof where all his other lands possessions and liuings were wholie to him and his heires restored By authoritie of the same parlement a subsidie was also granted to the king of euerie knights fée twentie shillings whether the same were holden of him by menaltie or otherwise Moreouer euerie man and woman that might dispend in lands the value of twentie shillings so vpward aboue the reprises whether the same lands belonged to the laie fee or to the church paied for euerie pound twelue pence and those that were valued to be woorth in goods twentie pounds and vpwards paid also after the rate of lands that is twelue pence for euerie pound ¶ This séemeth to be that subsidie which Thomas Walsingham calleth a sore surcharging subsidie or an vnaccustomed tax the forme and maner wherof saith he I had here interlaced but that the verie granters and authors thereof had rather that the posteritie should be vtterlie ignorant thereof and neuer heare of it sithens it was granted vpon this condition that hereafter it should not be drawne into example neither might the euidences thereof be kept in the kings treasurie nor in the excheker but the records thereof presentlie after the iust accounts giuen vp burned neither should writs or commissions be sent abroad against the collectors or inquirers hereof for their better inquest The Frenchmen about the same time came before the I le of Wight with a great nauie and sent certeine of their men to the shore to demand in name of king Richard and of his wife quéene Isabell a tribute or speciall subsidie in monie of the inhabitants of that I le who answered that king Richard was dead and queene Isabell sometime his wife had béene sent home to hir parents and countrie without condition of anie dowrie or tribute wherefore they answered reasonablie that none they would giue but if the Frenchmen had desire to fight they willed them to come on land and there should be none to resist them and after they were on land they promised to giue them respit for six houres space to refresh themselues and that time being once expired they should not faile to haue battell When the Frenchmen heard of this stout answer made by the Ilandmen they had no lust to approch néere to the land but returned without further attempt About this season the duke of Orleance brother to the French king a man of no lesse pride than hautinesse of courage wrote letters to king Henrie aduertising him that for the loue he bare to the noble feats of chiualrie he could imagine nothing either more honorable or coÌ„mendable to them both than to meet in the field each part with an hundred knights and esquiers all being gentlemen both of name and armes armed at all points and furnished with speares axes swords and daggers and there to fight and combat to the yeelding and euerie persâ—n to whome God should send victorie to haue his â—â—isoner him to ransome at hiâ— pleasure offering â—â—â—selfe with his companie to come to his citie of Angulesine so that the king would come to the lands of Burdeaux and there defend this challenge The king of England grauelie answered herevnto that he maruelled why the duke vnder colour of dooing déeds of armes for a vaine-glorie would now séeke to breake the peace betwixt the realmes of England and France he being sworne to mainteine the same peace sith he might further vnderstand that no king annointed of verie dutie was bound to answer anie challenge but to his péere of equall state and dignitie and further declared that when opportunitie serued he would passe the sea and come into his countrie of Gascoigne with such companie line 10 as he thought conuenient and then might the duke set forward with his band for the accomplishing of his couragious desire promising him in the word of a prince not thence to depart till the duke either by fulfilling his owne desire in manner aforesaid or by singular combat betwéene them two onelie for auoiding of more effusion of Christian bloud should thinke himselfe fullie satisfied To this and much more conteined in the kings answer the duke replied and the king againe reioined not without line 20 tawnts and checks vnfitting for their estates The duke of Orleance offended highlie as he might séeme furnished against the king of England with an armie of six thousand men entered into Guien and besieged the towne of Uergi whereof was capteine sir Robert Antlfield a right hardie and valiant knight hauing with him onelie thrée hundred Englishmen which defended the fortresse so manfullie that the duke after he had laine three moneths and lost manie of
Yorke tenderlie desiring the wealth rest and prosperitie of this land and to set apart all that might be trouble to the same line 20 and considering the possession of the said king Henrie the sixt and that he hath for his time béene named taken and reputed for king of England and of France and lord of Ireland is contented agréed and consenteth that he be had reputed and taken for king of England and France with the roiall estate dignitie and preheminence belonging therevnto and lord of Ireland during his naturall life And for that time the said duke without hurt or preiudice of his said right and title shall take worship line 30 and honour him for his souereigne lord Item the said Richard duke of Yorke shall promit and bind him by his solemne oth in maner and forme as followeth In the name of God Amen I Richard duke of Yorke promise and sweare by the faith and truth that I owe to almightie God that I shall neuer consent procure or stirre directlie or indirectlie in priuie or apert neither as much as in me is shall suffer to be line 40 doone consented procured or stirred anie thing that may sound to the abridgement of the naturall life of king Henrie the sixt or to the hurt or diminishing of his reigne or dignitie roiall by violence or anie other waie against his freedome or libertie but if any person or persons would doo or presume anie thing to the contrarie I shall with all my might and power withstand it and make it to be withstood as far as my power will stretch therevnto so helpe me God and his holie euangelists line 50 Item Edward earle of March and Edmund earle of Rutland sonnes of the said duke of Yorke shall make like oth Item it is accorded appointed and agréed that the said Richard duke of Yorke shall be called and reputed from hencefoorth verie and rightfull heire to the crownes roiall estate dignitie and lordship aboue said and after the deceasse of the said king Henrie or when he will laie from him the said crownes estate dignitie and lordship the said duke and his heires line 60 shall immediatlie succéed to the said crownes roiall estate dignitie and lordship Item the said Richard duke of Yorke shall haue by authoritie of this present parlement castels manors lands and tenements with the wards marriages reliefes seruices fines amercements offices aduousons fées and other appurtenances to them belonging what soeuer they be to the yearelie value of ten thousand marks ouer all charges and reprises whereof fiue thousand marks shall be to his owne state three thousand fiue hundred marks to Edward his first begotten sonne earle of March for his estate and one thousand pounds to Edmund earle of Rutland his second sonne for his yearelie sustentation in such consideration and such intent as shall be declared by the lords of the kings councell Item if anie person or persons imagine or compasse the death of the said duke and thereof probablie be attainted of open déed doone by folkes of other condition that it be déemed adiudged high treason Item for the more establishing of the said accord it is appointed and consented that the lords spirituall and temporall being in this present parlement shall make oths to accept take worship and repute the said Richard duke of Yorke and his heires as aboue is rehearsed and kéepe obserue and strengthen in as much as apperteineth vnto them all the things abouesaid and resist to their power all them that would presume the contrarie according to their estates and degrées Item the said Richard duke of Yorke earles of March and Rutland shall permit and make other to helpe aid and defend the said lords and euerie of them against all those that will quarell or anie thing attempt against the said lords or anie of them by occasion of agréement or consenting to the said accord or assistance giuing to the duke and earles or anie of them Item it is agréed and appointed that this accord and euerie article thereof be opened and notified by the kings letters patents or otherwise at such times and places and in maner as it shall be thought expedient to the said Richard duke of Yorke with the aduise of the lords of the kings councell The king vnderstandeth certeinelie the said title of the said Richard duke of Yorke iust lawfull and sufficient by the aduise and assent of the lords spirituall and temporall and the commons in this parlement assembled and by authoritie of the same parlement declareth approoueth ratifieth confirmeth and accepteth the said title iust good lawfull and true and therevnto giueth his assent and agréement of his frée will and libertie And ouer that by the said aduise and authoritie declareth intituleth calleth establisheth affirmeth reputeth the said Richard duke of Yorke verie true and rightfull heire to the crownes roiall estate and dignitie of the realmes of England and of France and of the lordship of Ireland aforesaid and that according to the worship and reuerence that thereto belongeth he be taken accepted and reputed in worship reuerence by all the states of the said realme of England and of all his subiects thereof sauing and ordeining by the same authoritie the king to haue the said crownes realme roiall estate dignitie and preheminence of the same and the said lordship of Ireland during his life naturall And furthermore by the same aduise and authoritie willeth consenteth and agréeth that after his deceasse or when it shall please his hignesse to laie from him the said crownes estate dignitie and lordship the said Richard duke of Yorke and his heires shall immediatlie succéed him in the said crownes roiall estate dignitie and worship and them then haue and inioie anie act of parlement statute or ordinance or other thing to the contrarie made or interruption or discontinuance of possession notwithstanding And moreouer by the said aduise and authoritie establisheth granteth confirmeth approueth ratifieth and accepteth the said accord and all things therein conteined and therevnto fréelie and absolutelie assenteth agreeth and by the same aduise and authoritie ordeineth and establisheth that if anie person or persons imagine or compasse the death of the said duke probablie be attainted of open déed doone by folks of that condition that it be déemed and adiudged high treason And furthermore ordeineth and establisheth by the said aduise and authoritie that all statutes ordinances and acts of parlement made in the time of the said king Henrie the fourth by the which he and the heires of his bodie comming of Henrie late king of England the fift the sonne and heire of the said king Henrie the fourth and the heires of king Henrie the fift were or be inheritable to the said crownes and realmes or to the heritage of the same be annulled repealed damned cancelled void and of none effect line 10 And ouer this the king by the said aduise assent and authoritie ordeineth and establisheth that all other
Bale it should appeare he became a frier Carmelit in Bristow Henrie Wichingham a Carmelit frier of Norwich a notable diuine a great preacher and wrote also sundrie treatises of diuinitie Iohn Lidgate a monke of Burie an excellent poet and chiefe in his time in that facultie of all other that practised the same within this land he trauelled thorough France and Italie to learne the languages and sciences how greatlie he profited in atteining to knowledge the workes which he wrote doo sufficientlie testifie Nicholas Hostresham an excellent physician Iohn Blackeneie a religious man of the order of the Trinitie intituled De redemptione captiuorum and prior of an house of the same order at Ingham in Norffolke he was surnamed Blackeneie of the towne where he was borne Thomas Beckington bishop of Bath wrote against the law Salique by which law the Frenchmen would seclude the princes of this realme from their title vnto the crowne of France Iohn Baringham a Carmelite frier of Gippeswich in Suffolke Dauid Bois borne in Wales and a frier Carmelit professed in Glocester a doctor of diuinitie Iohn Brome an Augustine frier Michaell Trigurie a Cornishman borne whome for his excellencie and learning king Henrie the fift appointed to be gouernour of that schoole or vniuersitie which he instituted in the citie of Caen in Normandie after he had brought it vnder his subiection Iohn Amundisham a moonke of saint Albons Oswald Anglicus a moonke of the Chartreux order Iohn Keningale a Carmelit frier of Norwich Peter De sancta line 10 fide a Carmelit also of Norwich Reginald Pecocke bishop of Chichester of whome ye haue heard before he was borne in Wales and student in Oriall college in Oxenford where he procéeded doctor of diuinitie he wrote manie treatises touching the christian religion Iohn surnamed Burie of the towne where he was borne an Augustine frier in the towne of Clare in Suffolke Robert Fleming a man perfect in the Gréeke and Latine toong among whose works some haue line 20 béene séene vnder these titles namelie Lucubrationum Tiburtinarm lib. 1. a dictionarie in Gréeke and Latine and a worke in verse of sundrie kinds this man was of most fame in the yeare of our Lord 1470 which was in the tenth yeare of Edward the fourth though he were not obscure also in the daies of this Henrie the sixt Thomas Gascoigne borne at Hunfléete in Yorkeshire of that worshipfull familie of the Gascoignes there a doctor of diuinitie and chancellor of the vniuersitie of Oxenford William Stapilhart borne in Kent but by profession a white frier line 30 in London Robert Fimingham borne in Norffolke a Franciscan frier in Norwich Nicholas Montacute an historiographer Iohn Chandler chancellor of Welles William Botoner descended of a good house a knight by degrée and borne in Bristow verie studious in antiquities and other sciences Iohn Stow a monke of Norwich but student in Oxenford where he procéeded doctor of diuinitie Thomas Langleie a monke of Hulme Nicholas Bungeie borne in a towne of Norffolke of that line 40 name wrote an historie called Adunationes chronicorum Henrie Beauford bishop of Winchester base sonne to Iohn duke of Lancaster of whome before we haue made sufficient mention made cardinall by pope Martine the fourth in the yeare 1426 Adam Homlington a Carmelit frier William Coppinger maister of the vniuersitie of Oxenford Thomas Stacie an expert mathematician and no lesse skilfull in astronomie Iohn Talaugerne a moonke of Worcester William Sutton an astrologian Robert Balsacke wrote a booke intituled De re militari that is to saie of warre or chiualrie so that as is thought he was both a good souldier and a painefull student of good letters Thomas Dando a Carmelit frier of Marleburgh he wrote the life of Alphred king of west Saxons William Graie borne of the noble house of the Graies of Codnor he went to atteine to some excellencie of learning in Italie where he heard that noble clearke Guarinus Ueronensis read in Ferrara he was preferred to the bishoprike of Elie in the yéere 1454 by pope Nicholas the fift when Thomas Bourchier was translated from thense to Canturburie Iohn Kempe archbishop of Yorke and after remooued from thense to Canturburie as before ye haue heard he was made cardinall of S. Albin by pope Eugenie the fourth Adam Molins as Bale calleth him kéeper of the kings priuie seale excellentlie learned in time of the ciuill warre betwixt king Henrie and the duke of Yorke in which he lost his head Thomas Chillenden a doctor both of the law ciuill and canon became at length a moonke in Canturburie Robert Bale surnamed the elder excellentlie learned in the lawes of the realme recorder of London gathered as it were a chronicle of the customes lawes foundations changes restoring magistrats offices orders and publike assemblies of the citie of London with other matters touching the perfect description of the same citie he wrote other works also touching the state of the same citie and the acts of king Edward the third he departed this life in the yeare of our Lord 1461 euen about the beginning of the reigne of king Edward the fourth vnto whome we will now againe returne Thus farre the tragicall historie of Henrie the sixt depriued of his roialtie Edward the fourth earle of March sonne and heire to Richard duke of Yorke AFter that this prince Edward earle of March had taken vpon him the gouernement of this realme of England as before ye haue heard the morow next insuing being the fourth of March he rode to the church of saint Paule and there offered and after Te Deum soong with great solemnitie he was conueied to Westminster and there set in the hall with the scepter roiall in his hand whereto people in great numbers assembled His claime to the crowne was declared to be by two maner of waies the first as sonne and heire to duke Richard his father right inheritor to the same the second by authoritie of parlement and forfeiture committed by king Henrie Wherevpon it was againe demanded of the commons if they would admit and take the said erle as their prince and souereigne lord which all with one voice cried Yea yea This part thus plaied he entered into Westminster church vnder a canopie with solemne procession and there as king offered and herewith taking the homages of all the nobles there present he returned by water to London and was lodged in the bishops palace and on the morrow after he was proclamed king by the name of Edward the fourth throughout the citie This was in the yeare of the world 5427 and after the birth of our Sauiour 1461 after our accompt beginning the yeare at Christmasse but after line 10 the vsuall accompt of the church of England 1460 the twentith of emperour Frederike the third the nine and thirtith and last of Charles the seuenth French king and first yeare of the reigne of Iames the third king of Scots Whilest
that she could not pull line 10 him backe so highlie she disdained it that vnder pretext of hi◠dutie to Godward she deuised to disturbe this mariage and rather to helpe that he should marie one dame Elizabeth Lucie whome the king had also not long before gotten with child Wherefore the kings mother openlie obiected against his mariage as it were in discharge of hir conscience that the king was sure to dame Elizabeth Lucie and hir husband before God By reason of which words such obstacle was made in the matter that either the bishops line 20 durst not or the king would not proceed to the solemnization of this wedding till these same were clearlie purged and the truth well and openlie testified Wherevpon dame Elizabeth Lucie was then sent for And albeit that she was by the kings mother and manie other put in good comfort to affirme that she was ensured vnto the king yet when she was solemnlie sworne to saie the truth she confessed that they were neuer ensured Howbeit she said his grace line 30 spake so louing words vnto hir that she verelie hoped he would haue married hir And that if it had not béene for such kind words she would neuer haue shewed such kindnesse to him to let him so kindlie get hir with child This examination solemnelie taken when it was cléerelie perceiued that there was none impediment the king with great feast and honourable solemnitie married dame Elizabeth Greie and hir crowned queene that was his enimies wife and manie times had praied full hartilie for his line 40 losse in which God loued hir better than to grant hir hir boune But when the earle of Warwike vnderstood of this marriage he tooke it so highlie that his ambassage was deluded that for verie anger and disdaine he at his returning assembled a great puissance against the king and came so fast vpon him yer he could be able to resist that he was faine to void the realme and flee into Holland for succor where he remained for the space of two yeares leauing his new wife at Westminster in sanctuarie where she was line 50 deliuered of Edward the prince of whome we before haue spoken In which meane time the earle of Warwike tooke out of prison and set vp againe king Henrie the sixt who was before by king Edward deposed and that much what by the power of the erle of Warwike which was a wise man and a couragious warriour and of such strength what for his lands his aliance and fauor with all people that he made kings and put downe kings almost at his pleasure and not impossible to haue atteined it himselfe if he line 60 had not reckoned it a greater thing to make a king than to be a king But nothing lasteth alwaie for in conclusion king Edward returned and with much lesse number than he had at Barnet on the Easterdaie field slue the earle of Warwike with manie other great estates of that partie so stablie atteined the crowne againe that he peaceablie enioied it vntill his dieng daie and in such plight left it that it could not be lost but by the discord of his verie friends or falshood of his feined fréends I haue rehearsed this businesse about this marriage somewhat the more at length bicause it might thereby the better appeare vpon how slipperie a ground the protector builded his colour by which he pretended king Edwards children to be bastards But that inuention simple as it was it liked them to whome it sufficed to haue somewhat to saie while they were sure to be compelled to no larger proofe than themselues list to make Now then as I began to shew you it was by the protector and his councell concluded that this doctor Shaw should in a sermon at Pauls crosse signifie to the people that neither king Edward himselfe nor the duke of Clarence were lawfullie begotten nor were not the verie children of the duke of Yorke but gotten vnlawfullie by other persons in adulterie of the duches their mother And that also dame Elizabeth Lucie was verelie the wife of king Edward and so the prince and all his children bastards that were begotten vpon the quéene According to this deuise doctor Shaw the sundaie after at Paules crosse in a great audience as alwaie assembled great number to his preaching he tooke for his theame Spuria vitilamina non agent radices altas that is to saie Bastard slippes shall neuer take deepe root Therevpon when he had shewed the great grace that God giueth and secretlie infundeth in right generation after the lawes of matrimonie then declared he that commonlie those children lacked that grace and for the punishment of their parents were for the more part vnhappie which were gotten in base and speciallie in adulterie Of which though some by the ignorance of the world and the truth hid from knowledge inherited for the season other mens lands yet God alwaie so prouideth that it continueth not in their bloud long but the truth comming to light the rightfull inheritors be restored and the bastard slip pulled vp yer it can be rooted deepe And so he did laie for the proofe and confirmation of this sentence certeine insamples taken out of the old testament and other ancient histories Then began he to descend into the praise of the lord Richard late duke of Yorke calling him father to the lord protector and declared the title of his heires vnto the crowne to whome it was after the death of king Henrie the sixt intailed by authoritie of parlement Then shewed he that his verie right heire of his bodie lawfullie begotten was onelie the lord protector For he declared then that king Edward was neuer lawfullie married vnto the queene but was before God husband vnto dame Elizabeth Lucie and so his children bastards And besides that neither king Edward himselfe nor the duke of Clarence among those that were secret in the houshold were reckoned verie suerlie for the children of the noble duke as those that by their fauours more resembled other knowne men than him From whose vertuous conditions he said also that the late king Edward was far off But the lord protector he said the verie noble prince the speciall paterne of knightlie prowesse as well in all princelie behauior as in the lineaments and fauour of his visage represented the verie face of the noble duke his father This is quoth he the fathers owne figure this is his owne countenance the verie print of his visage the sure vndoubted image the plaine expresse likenesse of that noble duke Now was it before deuised that in the speaking of these words the protector should haue comen in among the people to the sermon ward to the end that those words méeting with his presence might haue béen taken among the hearers as though the Holie-ghost had put them in the preachers mouth should haue mooued the people euen there to crie King
and Lancaster I shall likewise not onelie declare and manifest vnto you all my open acts attempts and doings but also my priuie intents and secret cogitations To the intent that as you haue vnbuckeled the bouget of your priuie meanings and secret purposes to me so shall all my cloudie workings close deuises and secret imaginations be as cléere as the sunne reuealed opened and made lightsome to you And to begin I declare that when king Edward was deceassed to whome I thought my selfe little or nothing beholden although we two had maried two sisters bicause he neither promoted nor preferred me as I thought I was worthie and had deserued neither fauoured nor regarded me according to my degrée and birth for suerlie I had by him little authoritie and lesse rule and in effect nothing at all which caused me lesse to fauour his children bicause I found small humanitie or none in their parent I then began to studie and with ripe deliberation to ponder and consider how and in what manner this realme should be ruled and gouerned And first I remembred an old prouerbe worthie of memorie that often rueth the realme where children rule and women gouerne This old adage so sanke and settled in my head that I thought it a great errour and extreame mischiefe to the whole realme either to suffer the yoong king to rule or the quéene his mother to be a gouernesse ouer him considering that hir brethren and hir first children although they were not extract of high and noble linage tooke more vpon them and more exalted themselues by reason of the quéene than did the kings brethren or anie duke in his realme which in conclusion turned to their confusion Then I being persuaded with my selfe in this point thought it necessarie both for the publike and profitable wealth line 10 of this realme and also for mine owne commoditie and emolnment to take part with the duke of Glocester whom I assure you I thought to be as cleane without dissimulation as tractable without iniurie as mercifull without crueltie as now I know him perfectlie to be a dissembler without veritie a tyrant without pitie yea worse than the tyrant Phalaris destitute of all truth and clemencie And so by my meanes at the first councell holden at London when he was most suspected of that line 20 thing that after happened as you my lord know well inough he was made protector and defendor both of the king and of the realme which authoritie once gotten the two children partlie by policie brought vnder his gouernance he being mooued with that gnawing and couetous serpent desire to reigne neuer ceassed priuilie to exhort and require yea and sometimes with minatorie tearmes to persuade me and other lords as well spirituall as temporall that he might take vpon him the crowne till the prince came to the age of foure and twentie yeares line 30 and were able to gouerne the realme as a ripe and sufficient king Which thing when he saw me somewhat sticke at both for the strangenesse of the example bicause no such president had béene séene and also bicause we remembred that men once ascended to the highest type of honour and authoritie will not gladlie descend againe he then brought in instruments autentike doctors proctors and notaries of the law with depositions of diuerse witnesses testifieng king Edwards line 40 children to be bastards Which depositions then I thought to be as true as now I know them to be feined and testified by persons with rewards vntrulie suborned When the said depositions were before vs read and diligentlie heard he stood vp bare-headed saieng Well my lords euen as I and you sage and discréet councellors would that my nephue should haue no wrong so I praie you doo me nothing but right For these witnesses saiengs of famous line 50 doctors being true I am onelie the vndubitate heire to lord Richard Plantagenet duke of Yorke adiudged to be the verie heire to the crowne of this relme by authoritie of parlement Which things so by learned men to vs for a veritie declared caused me and other to take him for our lawfull and vndoubted prince and souereigne lord For well we knew that the duke of Clarence sonne by reason of the atteindor of his father was disabled to inherit and also the duke himselfe was named to line 60 be a bastard as I my selfe haue heard spoken and that vpon great presumptions more times than one so againe by my aid and fauour he of a protector was made a king and of a subiect made a gouernor At which time he promised me on his fidelitie laieng his hand in mine at Bainards castell that the two yoong princes should liue and that he would so prouide for them and so mainteine them in honorable estate that I and all the realme ought and should be content But his words wanted weight which is a foule discredit to a prince to a péere yea to a priuat and meane common man as testifieth this sentence Dedecus est rebus cum bona verba carent For when he was once crowned king and in full possession of the whole realme he cast awaie his old conditions as the adder dooth hir skin verifieng the old prouerbe Honours change manners as the parish preest remembreth that he was neuer parish clearke For when I myselfe sued vnto him for my part of the earle of Herefords lands which his brother king Edward wrongfullie deteined and withheld from me and also required to haue the office of the high constableship of England as diuerse of my noble ancestors before this time haue had and in long descent continued in this my first sute shewing his good mind toward me he did not onelie first delaie me and afterward denaie me but gaue me such vnkind words with such tawnts retawnts ye in manner checke and checkemate to the vttermost proofe of my patience as though I had neuer furthered him but hindered him as though I had put him downe and not set him vp Yet all these ingratitudes and vndeserued vnkindnesses I bare closelie suffered patientlie and couertlie remembred outwardlie dissembling that I inwardlie thought and so with a painted countenance I passed the last summer in his last companie not without manie faire promises but without anie good déeds But when I was crediblie informed of the death of the two yoong innocents his owne naturall nephues contrarie to his faith and promise to the which God be my iudge I neuer agreed nor condescended O Lord how my veines panted how my bodie trembled and how my heart inwardlie grudged insomuch that I so abhorred the sight and much more the companie of him that I could no longer abide in his court except I should be openlie reuenged the end whereof was doubtfull And so I feined a cause to depart and with a merrie countenance and a despitefull heart I tooke my leaue humblie of him he thinking nothing lesse than that I
line 20 In these conceptions no lesse strange for their varietie than great for the importance they drew and perhaps in other thoughts more secret and singular for in a mind so fierce and terrible all sorts of imaginations how great and vaine so euer they be are not incredible after the continuation of his sicknesse for manie daies he declined towards death and féeling the end of his mortalitie to hasten on and the same to preuent the execution of his high thoughts he caused to call togither the consistorie line 30 which albeit he could not assist in person by reason of his disease yet by the authoritie of it he caused to be confirmed the bull which he had published before against such as by simonie would clime vp vnto the popedome He declared that the election of his successor apperteined to the college of cardinals and not to the councell and that the cardinals schismatikes could haue no presence or communitie there to whom he protested there to pardon the iniuries they had doone him and praied to God to forgiue them the line 40 wrongs they had doone to his church After this he besought the college of cardinals that in his fauor and for his sake they would grant to the duke of Urbin his nephew the citie of Pesera in patronage or vicarage alledging the consideration that by meane of the duke it had béene recouered to the church after the death of Iohn Sforce In no other matter he expressed anie priuate or particular affection Insomuch as Madame Felice his daughter ioining line 50 with hir the petitions of manie others beseeching him with great importunitie to create cardinall Guido de Montfalcon being hir brother by the mothers side he answered roundlie that he was not worthie of that degree He made not his affections conformable to their desires In that last action of life he shewed no parcialitie in worldlie causes his present debilitie could diminish nothing of his ancient resolution but expressed in all things the same constancie and seueritie togither with that iudgement and force of mind which he had before his sicknesse line 60 in which firme estate and disposition of spirit he receiued deuoutlie the offices of the church and the one and twentith daie of Februarie he ended his course of these mortall and present paines He was a prince of incredible constancie and courage but so full of furie vnrulie conceptions that the reuerence that was borne to the church the discord of princes the conditions of times did more to staie him from his ruine than either his moderation or his discretion worthie no doubt of great glorie if either he had béene a prince secular or if that care and intention which he had to raise the church into temporall greatnesse by the meane of warre had béene imploied to exalt it by the meane of peace in matters spirituall Neuerthelesse he was lamented aboue all his predecessors no lesse estéemed of those who hauing either lost the true consideration of things or at least ignorant how to distinguish and peise them rightlie iudged it an office more duelie apperteining to popes to increase the iurisdiction of the sée apostolike by armes and blood of christians than by good example of holie life and due curing and correction of corrupt maners to trauell for the sauing of those soules for whom they glorie so much that Iesus Christ hath named them his vicars in earth and therefore it is a good consequent that he is a branch or rather a brand of the diuell as one concludeth against him saieng Impius est igitur natus cacodaemone papa Turpibus genijs est homicida satus About the same time the warres yet continuing betwéene England France Prior Iehan of whom ye haue heard before in the fourth yéere of this kings reigne great capteine of the French nauie with his gallies and foists charged with great basilisks and other artillerie came on the borders of Sussex in the night season at a poore village there called Brighthelmston burnt it taking such goods as he found But when the people began to gather by firing the becons Prior Iehan sounded his trumpet to call his men aboord and by that time it was daie Then certeine archers that kept the watch folowed Prior Iehan to the sea and shot so fast that they beat the gallie men from the shore and wounded manie in the foist to the which Prior Iehan was constreined to wade and was shot in the face with an arrow so that he lost one of his eies and was like to haue died of the hurt and therefore he offered his image of wax before our ladie at Bullongne with the English arrow in the face for a miracle The lord admerall offended with this proud part of the Frenchmen in making such attempt on the English coasts sent sir Iohn Wallop to the sea with diuers ships which sailing to the coasts of Normandie landed there and burnt one and twentie villages and townes with diuerse ships in the hauen of Treaport Staples and other where Men maruelled greatlie at the manfull dooings of sir Iohn Wallop considering he had not past an eight hundred men and tooke land there so often In Iune sir Thomas Louell was sent ouer to Calis with six hundred men to strengthen that towne and other the fortresses within the English pale for doubt of anie sudden attempt to be made by the Frenchmen bicause monsieur de Pontremie with a mightie armie and great ordinance was come downe néere to Ard howbeit be taried not long but raised his campe within a while after his comming thither and returned without anie more dooing The French king perceiuing what losses he had susteined by the warres against England and doubting least one euill lucke should still follow in the necke of an other determined to make sute for peace and first agrâ—eing with pope Leo desired him to be a meane also for the procuring of some agréement betwixt him and the king of England ¶ This pope Leo of that name the tenth before his election cardinall of Medicis bare but seauen and thirtie yeeres of age which albeit was so much the more maruellous and wonderfull by how much the election was contrarie to custome yet the yong cardinals were the principall causers of it by their industrie hauing long time afore secretlie agréed amongst themselues to create the first pope of their number The most parts and nations of christendome reioised much at this election euerie one interteining an assured expectation of his vertues as well by the present and gréene memorie of the valor of his late father as for an vniuersall reputation that went of his owne inclinations and liberalities To this estimation was ioined a generall opinion of his continencie and life not atteinted togither with a gladsome hope that by the example of his father he would be a furtherer of learning and beare fauor to wits disposed