Motion have thought fit to annex the same Tract Ground and Territory unto the said Province of Carolina and out of the fulness of our Royal Power and Prerogative so do for Us Our Heirs and Successors annex and unite the same to the said Province of Carolina And for as much as we have made and ordained the aforesaid Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns the ame Lords Proprietors of all the Province or Territory aforesaid Know ye therefore moreover that We reposing especial Trust and Confidence in their Fidelity Wisdom Justice Prudence and Circumspection for Us Our Heirs and Successors Do Grant full and absolute Power by virtue of these Presents to them the said Edward Earl of Clarendon and their Heirs and Assigns for the good and happy Government of the said whole Province or Territory full Power and Authority to Erect and make several Counties Baronies and Colonies of and within the said Province Territories Lands and Hereditaments in and by the said Rented Letters Patents and these Presents Granted or mentioned to be Granted as aforesaid with several and distinct Jurisdictions Powers Liberties and Priviledges and also to make ordain and enact and under their Seals to publish any Laws and Constitutions whatsoever either appertaining to the Publick State of the said whole Province or Territory or of any distinct or particular County Barony or Colony of or within the same or to the private Utility of particular Persons according to their best direction by and with the Advice Assent and Approbation of the Free-men of the said Province or Territory or of the Free-men of the County Barony or Colony for which such Laws or Constitutions shall be made or of the greater part of them or of their Diligates or Deputies whom for enacting of the said Laws when and as often as need shall require We will that the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. and their Heirs or Assigns shall from time to time Assemble in such manner and form as to them shall seem best and the same Laws duly to execute upon all Persons within the said Province Territory County Barony or Colony or the Limits thereof for the time being or which shall be constituted under the Power and Government of them or any of them either sayling towards the said Province or Territory of Carolina or returning from thence towards England or any other of our Foreign Dominions by Imposition of Penalty Imprisonment or any other Punishment yet if it shall be needful and the quality of the offence require it by taking away Member and Life either by them the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. and theirs by them or their Deputies Lieutenants Judges Justices Magistrates Officers and Ministers to be ordained and appointed according to the Tenor and true Intention of them Presents and likewise to Erect or make any Court or Courts whatsoever of Judicature or otherwise as shall be requisite and to appoint or establish any Judges Justices Magistrates or Officers whatsoever as well within the said Province as at Sea in such manner and form as unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendom c. or their Heirs shall seem most convenient also to remit release pardon and abolish whether before Judgement and after all crimes and offences whatsoever against the said Laws and to do all and every other thing things which unto the compleat establisment of Justice unto Courts Sessions and forms of Judication and manner of proceedings therein do belong although in these Presents express mention is not made thereof and by Judges by him or them deligated to award press hold please and determine in all the said Courts Places of Judicature all Actions Suits and Causes whatsoever as well Criminal as Civil Real Mixt Personal or any other kind or nature whatsoever which Laws so as aforesaid to be published Our Pleasure is and we do enjoyn require and Command shall be absolute firm and available in Law and that all the liege People of Us Our Heirs or Successors within the said Province or Territory do observe and keep the same inviolably in those Parts so far as they concern them under the Patents or Penalties therein expressed or to be expressed provided nevertheless that the said Laws be consonant to Reason and as near as may be conveniently agreeable to the Laws and Customs of this our Kingdom of England and because such Assemblies of Freeholders cannot be so suddenly called as there may be occasion to require the same We do therefore by these Presents Give and Grant unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns by themselves and their Magistrates in that behalf lawfully authorized full power and authority from time to time to make and ordain fit and wholsom Orders and Ordinances within the Province or Territory aforesaid or any County Barony or Province of or within the same to be kept and observed as well for the keeping of the Peace as for the better Government of the People there abiding and to publish the same to all whom it may concern which Ordinances we do by these Presents streightly Charge and Command to be inviolably observed within the same Province Territory Counties Baronies and Provinces under the Penalty therein expressed so as such Ordinances reasonable and not repugnant and contrary but as near as may be agreeable to the Laws and Statutes of this our Kingdom of England and so as the same Ordinances do not extend to the bringing charging or the taking away of the Right of any Person or Persons in their Free-hold Goods or Chattels whatsoever and to the end the said Provinces or Territories may be the more happily encreased by the multude of People resorting thither and likewise be the more strongly defended from the Incursion of Savages and other Enemies Pirates and Robbers therefore We for Us Our Heirs and Successors do Give and Grant by these Presents Power Licence and Liberty to all the Leige People for Us Our Heirs and Successors in Our Kingdom of England or elsewhere within any other Our Dominions Islands Colonies or Plantations excepting those who shall be expresly forbidden to Transport themselves and Families into the said Province or Territory with convenient Shipping and fitting Provision and there to settle themselves to dwell and inhabit any Law Act Statute Ordinance or any thing to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding And We do also of Our more special Grace for Us Our Heirs and Successors streightly Enjoyn Ordain Constitute and Command that the said Province or Territory shall be of our Allegiance and that all and singular the Subjects and Liege People of Us Our Heirs or Successors Transported or to be Transportcd into the said Province and the Children of them or such as shall descend from them there born or hereafter to be born be and shall be Denizens and Lieges of Us Our Heirs and Successors of this Our Kingdom of England and be in all things held
treated and imputed as the Liege faithful People of Us Our Heirs and Successors born within this Our Kingdom or any other of Our Dominions and may inhabit or otherwise purchase and receive take have hold buy and possess any Lands Tenements or Hereditaments within the said places and then may Occupy and Enjoy Give Sell Alien and Bequeath as likewise Liberties Franchises Priviledges of this Our Kingdom of England and of other Our Dominions aforesaid may freely and quietly Have Possess and Enjoy as our Liege People born within the same without the least molestation vexation trouble or grievance of Us Our Heirs and Successors any Statute Act Ordinance or Provision to the contrary notwithstanding And farthermore That Our Subjects of this Our Kingdom of England and other Our Dominions may be rather encoured to undertake this Expedition with ready and chearful minds Know ye that We of Our especial Grace certain Knowledge and meer Motion do Give and Grant by vertue of these Presents as well to the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. and their Heirs as unto all others as shall from time to time repair unto the said Province or Territory with a purpose to Inhabit there and to Trade with the Natives thereof full Liberty and Licence to Lade and Freight in any Ports whatsoever of Us Our Heirs and Successors and into the said Province of Carolina by them their Servants and Assigns to Transport all and singular their Goods Wares and Merchandizes as likewise all sorts of Grain whatsoever and any other things whatsoever necessary for their Food and Cloathing not Prohibited by the Laws and Statutes of Our Kingdoms and Dominions to be carried out of the same without any Lett or Molestation of Us Our Heirs and Successors or of any other Our Officers and Ministers whatsoever Saving also to Us Our Heirs and Successors the Customs and other Duties and Payments due for the said Wares and Merchandizes according to the several Rates of the Places from whence the same shall be Transported We will also and by these Presents for Us Our Heirs and Successors do Give and Grant Licence by this Our Charter unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns and to all the Inhabitants or Dwellers in the Province or Territory aforesaid both present and to come full Power and absolute Authority to Import or Unlade by themselves or their Servants Factors or Assigns all Merchandize and Goods whatsoever that shall arise of the Fruits and Commodities of the said Province or Territory either by Land or by Sea into any the Ports of Us Our Heirs and Successors in the Kingdoms of England Scotland and Ireland or otherwise to dispose of the said Goods in the said Ports And if need be within one year after the Unlading to Lade the same Merchandize or Goods again into the same or other Ships and to Export the same into any other Countries either of Our Dominions or Foreign being in Amity with Us Our Heirs and Successors so as they pay such Customs Subsidies and other Duties for the same to Us Our Heirs and Successors as the rest of Our Subjects of this Our Kingdom for the time being shall be bound to pay beyond which We will not that the Inhabitants of the said Province or Territory shall be any way charged provided nevertheless And Our Will and Pleasure is and We have farther for the Considerations aforesaid of Our special Grace certain Knowledg meer Motion Given and Granted and by these Presents for Us Our Heirs and Successors do Give and Grant unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns full and free Licence and Liberty and Power and Authority at any time or times from and after the Feast of St. Michael the Arch-Angel which shall be in the Year of our Lord Christ 1667. as well to Import and bring into any of Our Dominions from the said Province of Carolina or any parts thereof of the several Goods and Commodities herein after mentioned that is to say Silks Currans Raisons Capers Wax Almonds Oyl and Olives without paying or answering to Us Our Heirs or Successors any Customs Imposts or other Duty for on in respect thereof for or during the term or space of seven years to come and be accounted or from and after the first Importation of four Tuns of any the said Goods in any one Bottom Ship or Vessel from the said Province or Territory unto any of Our Dominions As also to Export and carry out of any of Our Dominions into the said Province or Territory Custom-free all sorts of Tools which shall be useful and necessary for the Planters there in the accommodation and improvement of the Premises any thing before in these Presents contained or any Law Act Statute Prohibition or other matter or thing heretofore Had Made Enacted or Provided or hereafter to be Had Made Enacted or Provided to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding And furthermore of our more ample and especial Grace certain Knowledge and meer Motion We do for Us Our Heirs and Successors Grant unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns full and absolute Power and Authority to Make Erect and Constitute within the said Province or Territory and Islet or Islets aforesaid such and so many Sea-Ports Harbours Creeks and other places for Discharge and Unlading of Goods and Merchandizes out of Ships Boats and other Vessels and for Lading of them in such and so many places as with such Jurisdictions Priviledges and Franchises unto the said Ports belonging as to them shall seem most expedient and that all and singular the Ships Boats and other Vessels which shall come for Merchardize and Trade into the same Province or Territory or shall depart out of the same shall be laden and unladen at such Ports only as shall be erected and Constituted by the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns and not elsewhere any Use Custom or any thing to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding And We do furthermore Will Appoint and Ordain and by these Presents for Us Our Heirs and Successors do Grant unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns that they the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. and their Heirs and Assigns may from time to time for ever have and enjoy the Customs and Subsidies in the Ports Harbours Creeks and other places within the Province aforesaid payable for Goods Merchandizes and Wares there Laden or Unladen the said Customs to be reasonably Assessed upon any occasion by themselves and by and with the consent of the free People there or the greater part of them as aforesaid to whom we give Power by these Presents for Us Our Heirs and Successors for just Cause and in due Proportion to Assess and Impose the same And furthermore of Our especial Grace certain Knowledge and meer Motion We have Given Granted and Confirmed and by
these Presents for Us Our Heirs and Successors do Grant and Confirm unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns full and absolute Licence Power and Authority that they the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns from time to time hereafter for ever at his and their Will and Pleasure may Alien Grant Demise or Enfeoff the Premises or any part or parcel thereof to him or them that shall be willing to Purchase the same and to such Person or Persons as they shall think fit To have and to hold to them the said Person or Persons their Heirs of Assigns in the Fee-simple or Fee-tail or for term of Life or Lives or Years to be held of them the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns and not immediately of Us Our Heirs and Successors And to the same Person or Persons and to all and every of them We do Give and Grant by these Presents for Us Our Heirs and Successors Licence and Authority and Power that such Person or Persons may have and take the Premises or any parcel thereof of the said Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns and the same to hold to themselves their Heirs or Assigns in what estate of Inheritance soever in Fee-simple or in Fee-tail or otherwise as to them and the said Earl of Clarendon their Heirs and Assigns shall seem expedient The Statute of the Parliament of Edward Son of King Henry heretofore King of England Our Predecessor commonly called the Statute of Quia Emptores Terrarum or any other Statutes Act Ordinance Use Law Customs or any other Matter Cause or Thing heretofore Published or Provided to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding and because many Persons born or Inhabiting in the said Province for their Deserts and Services may expect to be capable of marks of Honour and Favour which in respect of the great distance cannot be conferred by Us Our Will and Pleasure therefore is and We do by these Presents Give and Grant unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns full Power and Authority to give and confer unto and upon such of the Inhabitants of the said Province or Territory as they shall think do or shall merit the same such Marks of Favour and Titles of Honour as they shall think fit so as those Titles of Honour be not the same as are enjoyed by and conferred upon any of the Subjects of this Our Kingdom of England And further also We do by these Presents for Us Our Heirs and Successors Give and Grant by these to them the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns full Power Liberty and Licence to Erect Raise and Build within the said Province and Places aforesaid or any other part or parts thereof such and so many Forts Fortresses Castles Cities Boroughs Towns Villages and other Fortifications whatsoever and the same or any of them to fortifie and furnish with Ordnance Powder Shot and Arms and all other Weapons Ammunition and Habiliments of War offensive and defensive as shall be thought fit and convenient for the welfare and safety of the said Province or places of any parts thereof and the same or any of them from time to time as occasion shall require dismantle disfurnish demolish and put down and also to place constitute and appoint in or over all or any of the said Castles Forts Fortifications Cities Towns or Places aforesaid Governours Deputy-Governours Magistrates Sheriffs and other Officers Civil and Military as to them shall seem meet and to the said Cities Towns Boroughs Villages or any other place or places within the said Province or Territory to grant Letters or Charters of Incorporation with all Liberties Franchises and Priviledges requisite and usual or to be within any Corporation within this Our King of England granted or belonging And in the same Cities Boroughs Towns and other places to constitute erect and appoint such and so many Markets Marts and Fairs as shall in that behalf be thought fit and necessary And further also to make and erect in the Province or Territory aforesaid or any parts thereof so many Mannors with such Seignories as to them shall seem meet and convenient and every of the said Mannors to hold and to have a Court-Baron with all things whatsoever which to a Court-Baron doth belong and to have and to hold Views of Frank-pledge and Courts-Leet for the conservation of the peace and better government of those Parts with such Limits Jurisdictions Precincts as by the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c or their Heirs shall be appointed for that purpose with all things whatsoever which to a Court-Leet or a View of Frank-pledge belong the same Courts to be holden by Stewards to be deputed and authorized by the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. or their Heirs or by the Lords other Mannors and Leets for the time being when the same shall be erected and because that in so remote a Country and situate among so many Barbarous Nations the Invasion as well of Savages as other Enemies Pirates and Robbers may probably be seared Therefore we have as for Us our Heirs and Successours given power by these presents unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns by themselves or their Captains or other Officers to Levy Muster and Train all sorts of Men of what condition soever born whether in the said Province or elsewhere for the time being and to make War and to pursue the Enemies aforesaid as well by Sea as by Land yea even without the Limits of the said Province and by God's assistance to vanquish and take them and being taken to put them to death by the Laws of War and to save them at their pleasure and to do all and every thing which to the Charge and Office of a Captain-General of any Army belongs or hath accustomed to belong as fully and freely as any Captain-General of an Army hath ever had the same Also Our Will and Pleasure is and by this Our Charter We do give unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns full Power and Authority in cause of Rebellion Tumults or Sedition if any should happen which God forbid either upon the Land within in the Province aforesaid or upon the main Sea in making a Voyage thither or returning from thence by him and themselves their Captains Deputies or Officers to be authorized under his or their Seals for that purpose to whom also for Us Our Heirs and Successours We do give and grant by these presents full power and authority to exercise Martial Laws against mutinous and seditious persons of these parts such as shall refuse to submit themselves to their Government or shall refuse to serve in the Wars or shall flie to the Enemy or shall forsake their Colours or Ensigns to be loyterers or straglers otherwise howsoever offending
Carts they are very delicate Fruit and hang almost like our Onions tied upon Ropes They receive forty Bushels of good English Wheat for one Bushel sown Cherries they have in abundance and Fowl and Fish great plenty with several that are unknown in England There are likewise Bears Wolves Foxes Rattle-Snakes and several other Creatures as I imagin saith my Author because the Indians bring such Skins to sell but I have travelled several hundred of Miles to and fro yet never to my knowledge saw one of them except two Rattle-Snakes and killed them both so that the fear of them is more than the hurt neither are we troubled with the Muskâ—to-fly in this place our Land lying generally high and healthy and they being commonly in boggy ground With common and reasonable care there may in a few years be Horses Beef Pork Flour Bisket and Pease to spare yea this Country will produce Honey Wax Silk Hemp Flax Hops Woad Rapeseed Madder Pota-shes Anniseed and Salt Hides raw or tann'd and there is a very large vast Creature called a Moose of whose Skins are made excellent Buff besides the natural product of Pitch Tar Rozin Turpentine c. As for Furs they are Beaver black Fox and Otter with divers other sorts The Tobacco is excellent upon the River Delaware There may be very good fishing for Cod and Cush as several have found by experience who have caught great plenty of well-grown Fish Upon the whole matter this Province affords all that is either for the Necessity Conveniency Profit or Pleasure of Humane Life and it may therefore be reasonably expected that this Country with the rest of America may in a few Ages be throughly peopled with Christianity And this shall suffice for New Jersey A DESCRIPTION OF PENSYLVANIA IT is the Jus Gentium or Law of Nations that whatever waste or uncultivated Country is the discovery of any Prince it is the Right of that Prince who was at the charge of that discovery Now this Province is a Member of that part of America which the King of England's Ancestors have been at the charge of discovering and which they and he have taken care to preserve and improve and his late Majesty of happy Memory upon the Petition of William Penn Esq wherein he set forth his Father's Service his own Sufferings and his Losses in relation to his Father's Estate and lastly his long and costly attendance without success was pleased in right and consideration thereof to make a grant to the said William Pen of all that Tract of Land in America which is expressed in the following Declaration to the Inhabitants and Planters of the Province of Pensylvania CHARLES R. WHereas His Majesty in Consideration of the Great Merit and Faithful Services of Sir William Penn deceased and for divers other good Causes Him thereunto moving hath been graciously pleased by Letters Patents bearing Date the Fourth Day of March last past To give and grant unto William Penn Esq Son and Heir of the said Sir William Penn all that Tract of Land called by the Name of Pensylvania as the same is bounded on the East by Delaware River from Twelve Miles distance Northward of New-Castle Town unto the three and fortieth Degree of Northern Latitude if the said River doth extend so far Northward then by the said River so far as it doth extend And from the Head of the said River the Eastern bounds to be determined by a Meridian-Line to be drawn from the head of the said River unto the said three and fortieth Degree the said Province to extend Westward five Degrees in Longitude to be computed from the said Eastern bounds and to be bounded on the North by the beginning of the three and fortieth Degree of Northern Latitude and on the South by a Circle drawn at Twelve Miles distance from New-Castle Northwards and Westwards unto the beginning of the fortieth Degree of Northern Latitude and then by a strait Line Westward to the Limit of Longitude above-mentioned together with all Powers Preheminences Iurisdictions necessary for the Government of the said Province as by the said Letters Patents reference being thereunto had doth more at large appear His Majesty doth therefore hereby publish and declare His Royal Will and Pleasure That all Persons settled or inhabited within the Limits of the said Province do yield all due Obedience to the said William Penn his Heirs and Assigns as Absolute Proprietors and Governors thereof As also to the Deputy or Deputies Agents or Lieutenants lawfully Commissioned by him or them according to the Powers and Authorities granted by the said Letters Patents Wherewith His Majesty Expects and Requires a ready Compliance from all Persons whom it may concern as they tender His Majesties Displeasure Given at our Court at White-hall the Second Day of April 1681. in the Three and thirtieth Year of Our Reign By His Majesties Command CONWAY The Description of the Province cannot better be given by any than by William Penn himself who sent the following Account from off the place in a Letter dated from Philadelphia Aug. 16. 1683. For this Province the general Condition of it take as followeth THE Country itself in its Soil Air Water Seasons and Product both Natural and Artificial is not to be despised The Land contains divers sorts of Earth as Sand yellow and black It s Soil poor and rich Also Gravel both loomy and dusty and in some places a fast fat Earth like to our best Vales in England especially by Inland-Brooks and Rivers God in his wisdom hath ordered it so that the Advantages of the Country are divided the Back-Lands being generally three to one richer than those that lye by Navigable Waters we have much of another Soil and that is a black Hasle-Mould upon a stony or rocky bottom The Air It s Air. is sweet and cleer the Heavens serene like the South-Parts of France rarely over-cast and as the Woods come by numbers of people to be more cleared that itself will refine The Waters Its Waters are generally good for the Rivers and Brooks have mostly gravel and stony bottoms and in number hardly credible We have also Mineral Waters that operate in the same manner with Barnet and North-hall not two Miles from Philadelphia For the Seasons of the Year having It s Climate by God's goodness now lived over the coldest and hottest that the oldest liver in the Province can remember I can say something to an English understanding First Of the Fall for then I came in I found it from the 24th of October to the beginning of December as we have it usually in September or rather like an English mild Spring From December to the beginning of the Month called March we had sharp frosty weather not foul thick black weather as our North-East Winds bring with them in England but a Sky as clear as in Summer and the Air dry cold piercing and hungry yet I remember not that I wore
against Law Custom or Discipline Military as freely and in as ample manner and form as any Captain-General of an Army by vertue of his Office might or hath accustomed to use the same And Our further pleasure is and by these presents for Us Our Heirs and Successours We do grant unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns and to the Tenents and Inhabitants of the said Province or Territory both present and to come and to every of them the said Province or Territory and the Tenents and Inhabitants thereof shall not from henceforth be held or reputed any member or part of any Colony whatsoever in America or elsewhere now transported or made or hereafter to be transported or made nor shall be depending on or subject to their Government but be absolutely divided and separated from the same And Our Pleasure is that they be separated and that they be subject immediately to our Crown of England as depending thereof for ever and that the Inhabitants of the said Province or Territory nor any of them shall hereafter be compelled or compellable or be any ways subject or liable to appear or answer to any Matter Suit Causes or Plaints whatsoever out of the Province or Territory aforesaid in any other of our Islands Colonies or Dominions in America or elsewhere other than in Our Realm of England or Dominion of Wales and because it may happen that some of the People and Inhabitants of the said Province cannot in their Private Opinions conform to the Publick Exercise of Religion according to the Liturgy Forms and Ceremonies of the Church of England or take or subscribe the Oaths and Articles made and established in that behalf And that the same by reason of the remote distance of those places will as we hope be no breach of the Unity and Uniformity established in this Nation Our Will and Pleasure therefore is and We do by these presents for Us Our Heirs and Successours give and grant unto the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns full and free License Liberty and Authority by such ways and means as they shall think fit to give and grant to such person or persons inhabiting and being within the said Province and Territory hereby or by the said recited Letters Patents mentioned to be granted as aforesaid or any part thereof such Indulgences and Dispensations in the behalf for and during such time and times and with such limitations and restrictions as the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs or Assigns shall in their direction think fit and reasonable And that no person or persons unto whom such liberty shall be given shall be any way molested punished disquieted or called in question for any difference in Opinion or practises in Matters of Religious Concernment who do not actually disturb the Civil Peace of the Province County or Colony that he or they shall make their abode in but all and every such person and persons may from time to time and at all times freely and quietly have and enjoy their Judgment and Consciences in Matters of Religion throughout the whole Province or Colony they behaving themselves peaceably and not using this Liberty to Licentiousness nor to the Civil Injury or outward disturbance of others any Laws Statutes or Clause contained or to be contained Usage or Custom of Our Realm of England to the contrary hereof in any wise notwithstanding And in case it shall happen that any Doubts or Questions should arise concerning the true sence and understanding of any Word Clause or Sentence contained in this Our present Charter We Will Ordain and Command that at all times and in all things such Interpretations be made thereof and allowed in all and every of Our Courts whatsoever as lawfully maybe adjudged as most advantagious and favourable to the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. their Heirs and Assigns although express mention of the true yearly value or certainty of the Premises or of any of them or of any other Gifts or Grants by Us or by any of Our Progenitors or Predececessors heretofore made to the said Edward Earl of Clarendon c. in these presents is not made or any Statute Act Ordinance Provision Proclamation or Restriction heretofore had made enacted ordnined or provided or any other Matter Cause or Thing whatsoever to the contrary hereof in any wise notwithstanding In witness whereof We have caused these Our Letters to be made Patents Witness Ourself at Westminster the Thirtieth Day of June in the Seventeenth Year of Our Reign By the KING Copia Vera. VYNER A DESCRIPTION OF VIRGINIA THis Country of Virginia now so called hath for its Southern limits Carolina for its Eastern the Atlantick Ocean for its Northern It s Situation Mariland and for its Western that vast Tract of Land which runneth into the South-sea A New Map of VIRGINIA MARYLAND PENSILVANIA NEW YARSEY By Robt. Morden B. Baltimore C A Arundelton C Cal. Calâ—erton C Ch. Charles C M Mary C Cae Caecil C F Talhot C D Doreliâ—ster C K Kent C We Westmorland No Northumberland La Lancaster Mi Middlesex Gl Glocester C Charles C Y York C W Warâ—â—ck E Elizabeth I. N Lower Norfolk Na Nantimond Co Corratuck N Northampton Ac Accomâ—â—o Ar. â—râ—idia This Country was first discovered in the Year 1497. Its Discovery by Sebastian Cabot a Portuguese but his Mariners were all English and therefore may justly be claimed by us But it was more fully discovered together with all that Tract of Sea-Coast by Sir Francis Drake and was called Virginia by Sir Walter Rawleigh who visited it soon after in honour of his Virgin Mistris Queen Elizabeth In the Year 1603. divers persons who obtained the Propriety of it from Sir Walter made a Voyage thither who discovered Whitson-Bay in forty one Degrees The People used Snake-skins of six Foot long for Girdles and were exceedingly ravished with the Musick of a Gittern a Boy dancing in a Ring about him they were more afraid of two English Mastives than of twenty Men. There being much time spent in the discovery of this Country and not without vale Expences in the setting forth of Ships and that not without the loss of several Mens lives before it could be brought to perfection but at length in the Year 1607. Sir John Popham and others settled a Plantation at the Mouth of the River Saghadoc but Captain James Davis having chosen a small place almost an Island to set down in where having heard a Sermon read their Patent and Laws and after he had built a Fort sailed further up the River and Country where finding an Island that had a great fall of Water and having haled their Boat over with a Rope they came to another fall which by reason of its being very shallow and swift proved unpassable the Head of the River lying in about forty five Degrees They â—all their Fort St. George